WO2023284458A1 - 空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法 - Google Patents

空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023284458A1
WO2023284458A1 PCT/CN2022/097984 CN2022097984W WO2023284458A1 WO 2023284458 A1 WO2023284458 A1 WO 2023284458A1 CN 2022097984 W CN2022097984 W CN 2022097984W WO 2023284458 A1 WO2023284458 A1 WO 2023284458A1
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Prior art keywords
compressor
temperature
refrigerant leakage
set value
air conditioner
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PCT/CN2022/097984
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王建营
安超
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青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
青岛海尔空调器有限总公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023284458A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023284458A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/87—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units
    • F24F11/871—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling absorption or discharge of heat in outdoor units by controlling outdoor fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and specifically provides a method for detecting and discharging refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner.
  • An air conditioner is a device capable of adjusting the indoor ambient temperature. It can reduce the indoor ambient temperature by cooling and increase the indoor ambient temperature by heating, thereby improving user comfort.
  • the refrigerant leakage of the air conditioner will not only reduce the refrigerant in the circulation pipeline of the air conditioner, which will affect the normal heat exchange of the air conditioner, but also cause leakage of refrigerant. It affects the operation of the air conditioner, especially the operation of the compressor.
  • the air conditioner has a single detection and determination method for refrigerant leakage, which is very prone to misjudgment. If there is a misjudgment, the air conditioner will adjust the operation strategy due to the misjudgment, which not only affects the normal heat exchange of the air conditioner , reduce the user's comfort experience, and because there are many electrical components on the outdoor side, if the refrigerant leakage occurs on the outdoor side, it is easy to cause the electrical components to catch fire or burn during operation, which seriously threatens personal safety.
  • the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, that is, to solve the problem that the conventional air conditioner has a single refrigerant leakage detection and judgment method, which is prone to misjudgment, and easily causes burning of outdoor and external electrical components, which poses a great potential safety hazard.
  • the invention provides a method for detecting and discharging refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner, wherein an exhaust fan is arranged on the casing of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method includes:
  • the exhaust temperature of the compressor, the coil temperature of the indoor unit, the operating frequency of the compressor and the outdoor ambient temperature are obtained in real time;
  • the exhaust temperature of the compressor determines whether the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage
  • the compressor In the case of refrigerant leakage in the air conditioner, the compressor is stopped and the exhaust fan is turned on after a set time.
  • the steps include:
  • the step of "judging whether the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage according to the judgment result" specifically includes:
  • the difference between the discharge temperature of the compressor before the first preset time and the discharge temperature of the compressor at the current time is greater than or equal to the first set value, and it is determined that the indoor unit
  • the difference between the coil temperature before the first preset time and the coil temperature of the indoor unit at the current time is greater than or equal to the second set value, and it is determined that the first preset value of the compressor is It is assumed that the difference between the operating frequency before the time and the operating frequency of the compressor at the current time is less than or equal to the third set value, and it is determined that the outdoor ambient temperature before the first preset time is different from the outdoor ambient temperature at the current time.
  • the absolute value of the difference of ambient temperature is smaller than the fourth set value, and it is determined that the difference between the discharge temperature of the compressor at the current time and the coil temperature of the indoor unit at the current time is greater than the fifth set value. If the set value lasts for the second preset time, it is determined that the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage.
  • the difference between the discharge temperature of the compressor before the first preset time and the discharge temperature of the compressor at the current time is greater than or equal to the first set value , and it is determined that the difference between the coil temperature of the indoor unit before the first preset time and the coil temperature of the indoor unit at the current time is greater than or equal to the second set value, and it is determined that the The difference between the operating frequency of the compressor before the first preset time and the operating frequency of the compressor at the current time is less than or equal to the third set value, and it is determined that the operating frequency before the first preset time is The absolute value of the difference between the outdoor ambient temperature and the outdoor ambient temperature at the current time is less than the fourth set value, and it is determined that the discharge temperature of the compressor at the current time is different from the coil temperature of the indoor unit at the current time If the difference is greater than the fifth set value and lasts for the second preset time, it is determined that the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage.
  • the first preset time and the second preset time are both 5 minutes, the first preset value is 10 degrees Celsius, and the second preset time is 10 degrees Celsius.
  • the fixed value is -5°C, the third set value is 5HZ, the fourth set value is 2°C, and the fifth set value is 58°C.
  • the third preset time is 60 minutes.
  • the step of "turning on the exhaust fan” is performed before the step of "stopping the compressor”.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method further includes:
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method further includes:
  • the throttle valve of the air conditioner is reduced to a set opening degree.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method further includes:
  • the indoor unit When it is determined that the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage, the indoor unit is stopped immediately and an alarm prompt is issued.
  • the present invention can make a combined judgment based on the exhaust temperature of the compressor, the coil temperature of the indoor unit, the operating frequency of the compressor, and the outdoor ambient temperature, that is, the parameters of the air conditioner itself and the parameters of the non-air conditioner
  • the combination of its own parameters can reduce the impact of outdoor ambient temperature changes.
  • the combination of the air conditioner’s own parameters most related to refrigerant leakage can greatly improve the accuracy of refrigerant leakage detection and judgment. If leakage occurs, stop the compressor and turn on the exhaust fan, so that the refrigerant outside the outdoor can be discharged, avoiding the leakage of refrigerant and causing the electrical components outside the outdoor to burn, and improving the safety of the air conditioner.
  • Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method of the air conditioner of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method of the air conditioner of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an air conditioner
  • the method of refrigerant leakage detection and discharge aims to improve the accuracy of air conditioner refrigerant leakage detection and judgment, and when it is determined that the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage, the refrigerant on the outdoor side can be discharged, so as to avoid refrigerant leakage that will cause damage to the outdoor electrical components. Combustion, improve the safety of the air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner of the present invention includes an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, a compressor, a throttle valve and a four-way valve.
  • the indoor unit, the outdoor unit, the compressor and the throttle valve form a closed-loop refrigerant circulation system, and the four-way valve can make the air conditioner
  • the casing of the outdoor unit is provided with an exhaust fan (it should be noted that this exhaust fan is not a fan of the outdoor fan, but another fan independent of the outdoor fan), and those skilled in the art can use it in practical applications
  • Set the position of the exhaust fan flexibly.
  • the exhaust fan is set on the shell corresponding to the position of the compressor.
  • the position of the compressor has many oil circuits and electrical components.
  • the number of exhaust fans can also be set to multiple, and one exhaust fan can be installed corresponding to each electrical component on the outdoor side. When the refrigerant leaks, all the exhaust fans will be turned on, thereby reducing all Risk of burning electrical components.
  • the exhaust fan is connected with the controller of the air conditioner, and the start and stop of the exhaust fan are controlled by the controller.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method of the present invention includes:
  • the discharge temperature TD of the compressor the coil temperature TM of the indoor unit, the operating frequency F of the compressor and the outdoor ambient temperature TAI, determine whether the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage;
  • the compressor In the case of refrigerant leakage from the air conditioner, the compressor is stopped and the exhaust fan is turned on after the set time has elapsed.
  • the value range of the set time is preferably 5 to 15 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds, and those skilled in the art can flexibly set the set time in practical applications.
  • the air conditioner can be shut down in a relatively steady state by stopping the compressor after a set time when the air conditioner catches fire, so as to avoid the aggravation of refrigerant leakage, and the way to stop the compressor is preferably uniform speed reduction or slow down.
  • the step-by-step deceleration shutdown for example, the shutdown is completed within 10 to 15 seconds, which is faster than the shutdown speed of the air conditioner under normal operation.
  • the step of "determining whether the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage according to the discharge temperature TD of the compressor, the coil temperature TM of the indoor unit, the operating frequency F of the compressor, and the outdoor ambient temperature TAI" specifically includes:
  • TD2-TM2 and the fifth set value T5 are compared and judged, so as to avoid the misjudgment caused by the abnormal operation of the compressor itself and the inaccurate detection of the coil temperature sensor of the indoor unit, that is, in extreme cases, the compressor itself
  • the probability of the comparison condition between TM2 and T5 is basically zero, and the present invention can eliminate the misjudgment of the refrigerant leakage of the air conditioner to the greatest extent through the above logic design, and ensure the detection accuracy of the refrigerant leakage of the air conditioner.
  • a time limit can also be added to the aforementioned conditions of ⁇ TD ⁇ T1, ⁇ TM ⁇ T2, ⁇ F ⁇ F3, ⁇ TAI ⁇ T4 and TD2-TM2>T5, that is, within this time limit,
  • the air conditioner is judged to have refrigerant leakage under the above conditions, thereby further improving the detection accuracy. After testing by the inventor, under such conditions, the possibility of misjudgment of the air conditioner is basically zero.
  • the difference ⁇ TD between the discharge temperature TD1 of the compressor before the first preset time t1 and the discharge temperature TD2 of the compressor at the current time is greater than or equal to the first set Set the value T1
  • the difference ⁇ TM between the coil temperature TM1 of the indoor unit before the first preset time t1 and the coil temperature TM2 of the indoor unit at the current time is greater than or equal to the second set value T2
  • the compression The difference ⁇ F between the operating frequency F1 before the first preset time t1 of the compressor and the operating frequency F2 at the current time of the compressor is less than or equal to the third set value F3, and it is determined that the outdoor environment before the first preset time t1
  • the absolute value ⁇ TAI of the difference between the temperature TAI1 and the outdoor ambient temperature TAI2 at the current time is less than the fourth set value T4, and it is determined that the discharge temperature TD2 of the compressor at the current time is different from the coil
  • the aforementioned step of "turning on the exhaust fan” is performed before the step of "stopping the compressor”.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharging method of the present invention further includes: powering off the outdoor unit. That is, when the air conditioner determines that refrigerant leakage has occurred, after the set time, the compressor will be shut down and the outdoor unit will be powered off, thereby cutting off the power supply of the outdoor unit, preventing ignition or operation of electrical components, and avoiding power consumption. Combustion of components further improves the safety of the air conditioner.
  • the refrigerant can be discharged from the outdoor unit by turning on the exhaust fan, and the power-consuming components can be guaranteed not to ignite and run by turning off the power of the outdoor unit. This ensures the safety of the air conditioner from two aspects. safety.
  • powering off the outdoor unit may be powering off both the computer board and the modules of the outdoor unit.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method of the present invention further includes: reducing the throttle valve of the air conditioner to a set opening degree. Specifically, after the fourth preset time of stopping the compressor, the throttle valve is reduced to the set opening degree, and preferably, all the throttle valves of the air conditioner are reduced to the set opening degree.
  • the fourth preset time is preferably 30 seconds, and the setting opening is preferably 5 steps.
  • the above-mentioned fourth preset time and setting the opening degree are only exemplary and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection and discharge method of the present invention further includes: immediately shutting down the indoor unit and sending out an alarm when it is determined that the air conditioner has refrigerant leakage. That is, when the air conditioner determines that refrigerant leakage occurs, the indoor unit can be shut down immediately to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the room. At the same time, an alarm prompt can be sent to let the user know in time to avoid delaying the timing of taking countermeasures.
  • sending out an alarm prompt can be that the controller sends a fault code to the indoor unit, and then reports a fluorine deficiency fault, or makes the indoor unit emit a buzzer prompt, or the controller of the air conditioner communicates with a user terminal (such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a smart wristband, etc.) / watch, etc.) communication, and then send a prompt message to the user terminal.
  • a short message may be sent to the user terminal or a phone call reminder may be automatically pushed, and a voice prompt may be sent to the user terminal, or the APP of the user terminal may automatically pop up prompt information.
  • the discharge temperature TD of the compressor, the coil temperature TM of the indoor unit, the operating frequency F of the compressor, and the outdoor ambient temperature TAI are obtained in real time;
  • the sensor for detecting the outdoor ambient temperature needs to ensure that its setting position will not be affected when the air conditioner leaks refrigerant.
  • the outdoor ambient temperature sensor can be set far away from the air conditioner.
  • the outdoor ambient temperature is preferably obtained through the weather forecast, so as to avoid the possibility that the air conditioner may affect the detection of the outdoor ambient temperature when refrigerant leakage occurs. For this reason, you can set A communication module, through which the communication and interaction between the controller and the cloud server are realized, so as to download the weather forecast data.

Abstract

一种空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，旨在解决现有空调器的冷媒泄漏检测判定方法单一，极易出现误判，以及容易造成室外侧用电部件燃烧，存在极大的安全隐患的问题。为此目的，该冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法包括：在空调器运行的过程中，实时获取压缩机的排气温度、室内机的盘管温度、压缩机的运行频率和室外环境温度；根据压缩机的排气温度、室内机的盘管温度、压缩机的运行频率和室外环境温度，判定空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏；在空调器发生冷媒泄漏的情况下，经过设定时间后使压缩机停机并开启排风扇。该方法能够提高冷媒泄漏检测判断的准确性，且在冷媒泄漏时使得冷媒能够排出，提高空调器的安全性。

Description

空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法 技术领域
本发明涉及空调器技术领域，具体提供一种空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法。
背景技术
空调器是能够对室内环境温度进行调节的设备，其能够通过制冷使室内环境温度降低，通过制热使室内环境温度升高，从而提高用户的舒适度。
空调器在长时间的运行之后，有可能发生冷媒泄漏的问题，空调器的冷媒泄漏不仅会导致空调器的循环管路中的冷媒变少，从而影响空调器正常的换热，而且冷媒泄漏会对空调器的运行，尤其是对压缩机的运行产生影响。
现有技术中，空调器对冷媒泄漏的检测判定方法单一，极易出现误判的可能，而如果出现误判，空调器反而会由于误判而调整运行策略，不仅影响空调器的正常换热，降低用户的舒适度体验，而且室外侧由于用电部件繁多，如果冷媒泄漏发生在室外侧，还容易导致用电部件打火或运行时发生燃烧，严重地威胁人身安全。
因此，本领域需要一种新的空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有空调器的冷媒泄漏检测判定方法单一，极易出现误判，以及容易造成室外侧用电部件燃烧，存在极大的安全隐患的问题。
本发明提供一种空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，所述空调器的室外机的外壳上设置有排风扇；
所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法包括：
在所述空调器运行的过程中，实时获取压缩机的排气温度、室内机的盘管温度、压缩机的运行频率和室外环境温度；
根据所述压缩机的排气温度、所述室内机的盘管温度、所述压缩机的运行频率和所述室外环境温度，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏；
在所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏的情况下，经过设定时间后使所述压缩机停机并开启所述排风扇。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，“根据所述压缩机的排气温度、所述室内机的盘管温度、所述压缩机的运行频率和所述室外环境温度，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
判断所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值是否大于或等于第一设定值，判断所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值是否大于或等于第二设定值，判断所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值是否小于或等于第三设定值，判断所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值是否小于第四设定值，判断所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值是否大于第五设定值且持续第二预设时间；
根据判断结果，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，“根据判断结果，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
如果判定所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值大于或等于所述第一设定值，且判定所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于或等于所述第二设定值，且判定所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值小于或等于所述第三设定值，且判定所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值小于所述第四设定值，且判定所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于所述第五设定值且持续所述第二预设时间，则判定出所述空 调器发生冷媒泄漏。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，“如果判定所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值大于或等于所述第一设定值，且判定所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于或等于所述第二设定值，且判定所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值小于或等于所述第三设定值，且判定所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值小于所述第四设定值，且判定所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于所述第五设定值且持续所述第二预设时间，则判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
如果在第三预设时间内，判定所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值大于或等于所述第一设定值，且判定所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于或等于所述第二设定值，且判定所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值小于或等于所述第三设定值，且判定所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值小于所述第四设定值，且判定所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于所述第五设定值且持续所述第二预设时间，则判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，所述第一预设时间和所述第二预设时间均为5分钟，所述第一设定值为10摄氏度，所述第二设定值为-5摄氏度，所述第三设定值为5HZ，所述第四设定值为2摄氏度，所述第五设定值为58摄氏度。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，所述第三预设时间为60分钟。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，“开启所述排风扇”的步骤先于“使所述压缩机停机”的步骤执行。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，在“使所述压缩机停机”的步骤的同时，所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：
使所述室外机断电。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，在“使所述压缩机停机”的步骤之后，所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：
使所述空调器的节流阀减小到设定开度。
在上述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的优选技术方案中，所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：
在判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏时，使所述室内机立即停机并发出报警提示。
在采用上述技术方案的情况下，本发明能够通过压缩机的排气温度、室内机的盘管温度、压缩机的运行频率以及室外环境温度进行组合判断，即空调器本身的参数以及非空调器本身的参数进行组合，从而降低室外环境温度变化而带来的影响，同时利用和冷媒泄漏最相关的空调器本身参数进行组合判断，能够极大地提高冷媒泄漏检测判断的准确性，而一旦判定冷媒发生泄漏，则使压缩机停机并开启排风扇，使得室外侧的冷媒能够排出，避免冷媒泄漏而导致室外侧的用电部件燃烧，提高空调器的安全性。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法的流程图；
图2是本发明的空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，尽管本申请中按照特定顺序描述了本发明的控制方法的各个步骤，但是这些顺序并不是限制性的，在 不偏离本发明的基本原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以按照不同的顺序来执行所述步骤。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”、“第五”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
基于背景技术指出的现有空调器的冷媒泄漏检测判定方法单一，极易出现误判，以及容易造成室外侧用电部件燃烧，存在极大的安全隐患的问题，本发明提供了一种空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，旨在提高空调器冷媒泄漏检测判断的准确性，并且在判定为空调器发生冷媒泄漏时使得室外侧的冷媒能够排出，避免冷媒泄漏而导致室外侧的用电部件燃烧，提高空调器的安全性。
本发明的空调器包括室内机、室外机、压缩机、节流阀和四通阀，室内机、室外机、压缩机和节流阀构成闭环的冷媒循环系统，四通阀能够使空调器在制冷和制热之间切换，室外机的外壳上设置有排风扇(需要说明的是，该排风扇不是室外风机的风扇，而且独立于室外风机的另一个风扇)，本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置排风扇的位置，优选地，排风扇设置在外壳上的对应于压缩机的位置，压缩机的位置其油路以及用电部件繁多，将排风扇设置在该位置有利于在此处冷媒发生泄漏时集中将冷媒排出，当然，还可以将排风扇的数量设置为多个，对应于室外侧的每个用电元件处都可以设置一个排风扇，在冷媒发生泄漏时，所有排风扇都开启，从而降低所有用电元件的燃烧风险。排风扇与空调器的控制器连接，通过控制器控制排风扇的启停。
具体地，如图1所示，本发明的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法包括：
在空调器运行的过程中，实时获取压缩机的排气温度TD、室内机的盘管温度TM、压缩机的运行频率F和室外环境温度TAI；
根据压缩机的排气温度TD、室内机的盘管温度TM、压缩机的运行频率F和室外环境温度TAI，判定空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏；
在空调器发生冷媒泄漏的情况下，经过设定时间后使压缩机停机并开启排风扇。
在上述中，设定时间的取值范围优选为5至15秒，进一步优选为10秒，本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中对设定时间进行灵活地设置。经过发明人的反复研究发现，当空调器刚刚发生冷媒泄漏的情况下，如果 空调器立即控制压缩机停机，此时整个空调器会处于严重的非稳态状态，这时候反而会加剧冷媒泄漏，本发明通过将压缩机在空调器发生起火时在设定时间后才停机使得空调器能够处于相对的稳态进行停机，避免冷媒泄漏加剧，并且压缩机的停机方式优选采用匀速降速停机或者呈阶梯状态逐级降速停机，例如在10至15秒内完成停机，相比于空调器正常运行状态下的停机速度要快。
优选地，“根据压缩机的排气温度TD、室内机的盘管温度TM、压缩机的运行频率F和室外环境温度TAI，判定空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
判断压缩机的第一预设时间t1前的排气温度TD1与压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2的差值△TD是否大于或等于第一设定值T1，判断室内机的第一预设时间t1前的盘管温度TM1与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值△TM是否大于或等于第二设定值T2，判断压缩机的第一预设时间t1前的运行频率F1与压缩机的当前时间的运行频率F2的差值△F是否小于或等于第三设定值F3，判断第一预设时间t1前的室外环境温度TAI1与当前时间的室外环境温度TAI2的差值的绝对值△TAI是否小于第四设定值T4，判断压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值TD2-TM2是否大于第五设定值T5且持续第二预设时间t2；
根据判断结果，判定空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏。
需要说明的是，在上述所有空调器本身的参数(即压缩机的排气温度TD、室内机的盘管温度TM和压缩机的运行频率F)之中，除了将之前时间和当前时间的压缩机的排气温度、压缩机的运行频率以及室内机的盘管温度做差值计算之外，还设计了压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值TD2-TM2与第五设定值T5的比较判断，从而避免压缩机自身运行异常以及室内机的盘管温度传感器检测不准确而带来的误判，即在极端情况下，压缩机本身有可能发生异常而导致之前时间和当前时间的压缩机的排气温度以及运行频率出现偏差，室内机的盘管温度也有可能由于自身的原因发生检测异常，但是在这基础上，还要满足TD2-TM2与T5的比较条件的几率基本为零，本 发明通过上述的逻辑设计，能够最大程度上地消除空调器冷媒泄漏的误判，保证空调器冷媒泄漏的检测准确性。
在一种具体的情形中，如果判定压缩机的第一预设时间t1前的排气温度TD1与压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2的差值△TD大于或等于第一设定值T1，且判定室内机的第一预设时间t1前的盘管温度TM1与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值△TM大于或等于第二设定值T2，且判定压缩机的第一预设时间t1前的运行频率F1与压缩机的当前时间的运行频率F2的差值△F小于或等于第三设定值F3，且判定第一预设时间t1前的室外环境温度TAI1与当前时间的室外环境温度TAI2的差值的绝对值△TAI小于第四设定值T4，且判定压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值TD2-TM2大于第五设定值T5且持续第二预设时间t2，则判定出空调器发生冷媒泄漏。
进一步优选地，还可以在前述△TD≥T1、△TM≥T2、△F≤F3、△TAI＜T4和TD2-TM2＞T5的条件上再加上一个时间限制，即在该时间限制内满足上述条件才判定空调器发生冷媒泄漏，从而进一步提高检测的准确性，经过发明人的测试，在这种条件下，空调器发生误判的可能性基本为零。即，如果在第三预设时间t3内，判定压缩机的第一预设时间t1前的排气温度TD1与压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2的差值△TD大于或等于第一设定值T1，且判定室内机的第一预设时间t1前的盘管温度TM1与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值△TM大于或等于第二设定值T2，且判定压缩机的第一预设时间t1前的运行频率F1与压缩机的当前时间的运行频率F2的差值△F小于或等于第三设定值F3，且判定第一预设时间t1前的室外环境温度TAI1与当前时间的室外环境温度TAI2的差值的绝对值△TAI小于第四设定值T4，且判定压缩机的当前时间的排气温度TD2与室内机的当前时间的盘管温度TM2的差值TD2-TM2大于第五设定值T5且持续第二预设时间t2，才判定出空调器发生冷媒泄漏。
本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置上述第一预设时间t1、第二预设时间t2、第三预设时间t3、第一设定值T1、第二设定值T2、第三设定值F3、第四设定值T4和第五设定值T5的具体值，例如：第一预 设时间t1和第二预设时间t2均为5分钟，第三预设时间t3为60分钟，第一设定值T1为10摄氏度，第二设定值T2为-5摄氏度，第三设定值F3为5HZ，第四设定值T4为2摄氏度，第五设定值T5为58摄氏度。
进一步地，在上述中，如果△TD＜T1、△TM＜T2、△F＞F3、△TAI≥T4、TD2-TM2≤T5或者TD2-TM2＞T5但没有持续第二预设时间t2时，则判定空调器未发生冷媒泄漏。
优选地，在本发明中，前述中“开启排风扇”的步骤先于“使压缩机停机”的步骤执行。
优选地，在前述“使压缩机停机”的步骤的同时，本发明的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：使室外机断电。即在空调器判定出发生冷媒泄漏时，经过设定时间，在将压缩机停机的同时，使室外机断电，从而切断室外机的供电，避免用电元件打火或运行，避免引起用电元件的燃烧，进一步提高空调器的安全性，换言之，通过开启排风扇能够将冷媒排出室外机，通过使室外机断电能够保证用电元件不打火和运行，从两个方面一起保证空调器的安全性。具体地，使室外机断电可以为使室外机的电脑板及模块都断电。
优选地，在前述“使压缩机停机”的步骤之后，本发明的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：使空调器的节流阀减小到设定开度。具体可以是在使压缩机停机的第四预设时间后，使节流阀减小到设定开度，并且优选的是使空调器的所有节流阀都减小到设定开度。本领域技术人员可以在实际应用中灵活地设置第四预设时间和设定开度，第四预设时间优选为30秒，设定开度优选为5步，当然，上述第四预设时间和设定开度仅是示例性的，不构成对本发明的限制。
优选地，本发明的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：在判定出空调器发生冷媒泄漏时，使室内机立即停机并发出报警提示。即在空调器判定出发生冷媒泄漏时，可以使室内机立即停机，避免冷媒向室内流窜，同时发出报警提示可以使用户及时知晓，避免延误采取应对措施的时机。具体地，发出报警提示可以是控制器向室内机发送故障码，然后报缺氟故障，或者使室内机发出蜂鸣提示，或者空调器的控制器与用户终端(例如手机、平板、智能手环/手表等)通信，然后向用户终端发送提示信息。 具体地，可以向用户终端发送短信或者自动推送电话提醒，还可以向用户终端发送语音提示，或者使用户终端的APP自动弹出提示信息。
下面参照一个具体的实施例来阐述本发明的技术方案。
如图2所示，在空调器运行的过程中，实时获取压缩机的排气温度TD、室内机的盘管温度TM、压缩机的运行频率F和室外环境温度TAI；
判断在60分钟内，5分钟前的压缩机排气温度和当前的排气温度的差值△TD是否≥10℃，5分钟前的室内机盘管温度和当前的盘管温度的差值△TM是否≥-5℃，5分钟前的压缩机运行频率和当前的运行频率的差值△F是否≤5HZ，5分钟前的室外环境温度与当前的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值△TAI是否＜2℃(消除室外环境温度对冷媒泄漏判断的影响)，当前的压缩机的排气温度与室内机的盘管温度的差值TD2-TM2是否＞58℃且已经持续5分钟；
如果在60分钟内，5分钟前的压缩机排气温度和当前的排气温度的差值△TD≥10℃，5分钟前的室内机盘管温度和当前的盘管温度的差值△TM≥-5℃，5分钟前的压缩机运行频率和当前的运行频率的差值△F≤5HZ，5分钟前的室外环境温度与当前的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值△TAI＜2℃，当前的压缩机的排气温度与室内机的盘管温度的差值TD2-TM2＞58℃且已经持续5分钟，则判定空调器发生冷媒泄漏，否则继续判断空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏，在判定空调器发生冷媒泄漏后，使室内机停机并报警，经过10s后使压缩机停机、室外机断电并使排风扇开启，再经过30s再使节流阀的开度减小到5步。
在本发明中，检测室外环境温度的传感器需要保证其设置位置在空调器发生冷媒泄漏时不受影响，例如可以将室外环境温度传感器远离空调器设置，这时只需将室外环境温度传感器与空调器的控制器保持通信即可，另外，室外环境温度优选的是通过天气预报来获取，从而避免空调器在发生冷媒泄漏时可能对室外环境温度检测造成影响，为此，可以在空调器上设置通信模块，通过该通信模块实现控制器与云服务器的通信交互，从而下载天气预报数据。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于 这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，所述空调器的室外机的外壳上设置有排风扇；
    所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法包括：
    在所述空调器运行的过程中，实时获取压缩机的排气温度、室内机的盘管温度、压缩机的运行频率和室外环境温度；
    根据所述压缩机的排气温度、所述室内机的盘管温度、所述压缩机的运行频率和所述室外环境温度，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏；
    在所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏的情况下，经过设定时间后使所述压缩机停机并开启所述排风扇。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，“根据所述压缩机的排气温度、所述室内机的盘管温度、所述压缩机的运行频率和所述室外环境温度，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
    判断所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值是否大于或等于第一设定值，判断所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值是否大于或等于第二设定值，判断所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值是否小于或等于第三设定值，判断所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值是否小于第四设定值，判断所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值是否大于第五设定值且持续第二预设时间；
    根据判断结果，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，“根据判断结果，判定所述空调器是否发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
    如果判定所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的 当前时间的排气温度的差值大于或等于所述第一设定值，且判定所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于或等于所述第二设定值，且判定所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值小于或等于所述第三设定值，且判定所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值小于所述第四设定值，且判定所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于所述第五设定值且持续所述第二预设时间，则判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，“如果判定所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值大于或等于所述第一设定值，且判定所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于或等于所述第二设定值，且判定所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值小于或等于所述第三设定值，且判定所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值小于所述第四设定值，且判定所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于所述第五设定值且持续所述第二预设时间，则判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏”的步骤具体包括：
    如果在第三预设时间内，判定所述压缩机的第一预设时间前的排气温度与所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度的差值大于或等于所述第一设定值，且判定所述室内机的所述第一预设时间前的盘管温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于或等于所述第二设定值，且判定所述压缩机的所述第一预设时间前的运行频率与所述压缩机的当前时间的运行频率的差值小于或等于所述第三设定值，且判定所述第一预设时间前的室外环境温度与当前时间的室外环境温度的差值的绝对值小于所述第四设定值，且判定所述压缩机的当前时间的排气温度与所述室内机的当前时间的盘管温度的差值大于所述第五设定值且持续所述第二预设时 间，则判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，所述第一预设时间和所述第二预设时间均为5分钟，所述第一设定值为10摄氏度，所述第二设定值为-5摄氏度，所述第三设定值为5HZ，所述第四设定值为2摄氏度，所述第五设定值为58摄氏度。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，所述第三预设时间为60分钟。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，“开启所述排风扇”的步骤先于“使所述压缩机停机”的步骤执行。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，在“使所述压缩机停机”的步骤的同时，所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：
    使所述室外机断电。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，在“使所述压缩机停机”的步骤之后，所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：
    使所述空调器的节流阀减小到设定开度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法，其特征在于，所述冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法还包括：
    在判定出所述空调器发生冷媒泄漏时，使所述室内机立即停机并发出报警提示。
PCT/CN2022/097984 2021-07-12 2022-06-10 空调器的冷媒泄漏检测及排出方法 WO2023284458A1 (zh)

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