Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B1/00—Preparing the batches
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
  • C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
  • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
  • C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
  • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of the glass industry.
• the melting of the constituent materials of glass requires the input of a large amount of energy.
• the temperature of the glass bath is around 1300 to 1500°C.
• the glass is intended for direct household use, for example drinking glasses, glazing, or indirect, for example ceramic hobs, or industrial.
• the oven is subjected to very high thermal and mechanical stresses.
• the furnace is constructed with high quality refractory linings. These refractory coatings are expensive and sensitive to certain constituents of the glass susceptible to chemical reaction. Since refractory linings are poor conductors of heat, the heating of the glass bath is carried out from above.
• a liquid or gaseous fuel flame burner is placed between the glass bath and the top of the furnace called the vault.
• the glass bath is heated by radiation for the most part.
• the gas outlet temperature is 1300 to 1600°C depending on the glass family.
• the manufacture of glass releases large quantities of gases.
• the glass bath is degassed for several hours to prevent the formation of bubbles in the glass.
• fining additives such as sulfates can be used.
• the furnace works by batches of glass of chosen composition.
• US 2 084328 describes a glass furnace charge produced from dolomite and kaolin mixed in the wet process.
• the dolomite and kaolin slurry is calcined, then mixed with soda ash, sand and quicklime.
• the document US2012/0216574 relates to a process for manufacturing glass comprising the calcination of CaCCk to form CaO, the formation of a Na2SiC glass in the liquid phase, and the mixing in the liquid phase of CaO and Na 2 Si0 3 to form a soda-lime glass.
• the Applicant has developed a process for preparing a precursor mixture providing a mixture with low heating and low generation of fickleness, see WO2019002802.
• the particle size of the constituents brought to the mixture is substantially retained except that the mechanical transfer manipulations can generate a grinding effect slightly reducing the particle size.
• Said mixture introduced into a glass furnace allows a reduction of the energy necessary for the production of glass and the quantity of CO2 released by around 3 to 6%.
• the melting time of the mixture is less than the time observed when using calcium carbonate. This results in an increase in the productivity of the oven, also resulting in an additional reduction in energy consumption of the order of 4 to 6%.
• the invention proposes a process for manufacturing glass comprising the preparation of a mixture of glass raw materials for a glass furnace, in which water, sand and sodium carbonate are mixed in mass proportions comprised between 0 and 5%, 40 and 65%, and more than 0 and at most 25% respectively, and secondary glass raw materials, and, within less than 10 minutes, preferably simultaneously, oxide is added calcium and optionally calcium carbonate in a mass proportion of between 1 and 20% of the total, the calcium oxide has a particle size such that more than 97% by mass does not pass through a 0.125 mm sieve, more than 96% by mass does not pass a 0.5 mm sieve, preferably more than 95% by mass does not pass a 1 mm sieve.
• the secondary glass raw materials comprise at least one of: Al2O3, MgO, K2O, BaO, CeO2, Er2O3, TiO2, B2O3, ZnO, SrO, SnO2.
• the preparation of the mixture takes place without heat input.
• the raw materials are powdery.
• the particle size is measured using a square-mesh sieve.
• said calcium oxide has a particle size d10 of between 0.5 and 2 mm and d90 of between 3 and 4.5 mm.
• said calcium oxide is formed into grains with a thickness of between 20 and 60% of the length and width. Screening can be implemented to measure the particle size of the elongated grains.
• said calcium oxide is formed in grains with a width of less than 10 mm. [26] In one embodiment, said calcium oxide is formed in grains with a thickness of less than 3 mm.
• said calcium oxide is formed in grains of length less than 15 mm for 90% of the grains.
• said mixture of water, sand, calcium oxide and sodium carbonate at no more than 5% humidity.
• the sodium carbonate has a particle size with less than 5% passing a 0.075 mm sieve, less than 15% passing a 0.150 mm sieve and less than 5% not passing a 0.600 sieve. mm.
• said water, sand and sodium carbonate mixture has at most 3% humidity with sodium carbonate with a particle size mainly greater than 0.500 mm and less than 1.000 mm.
• said water, sand and sodium carbonate mixture has at most 2% humidity with sodium carbonate having a particle size mostly less than 0.250 mm.
• said calcium oxide comprises by mass less than 1000 ppm Fe2O3, preferably less than 900 ppm, more preferably less than 850 ppm.
• the initial temperature of the raw materials is at least 30°C.
• the hydration rate of sodium carbonate is increased.
• the calcium oxide has a particle size such that more than 98% by mass does not pass through a 0.08 mm sieve.
• the calcium oxide has a particle size such that more than 97.5% by mass does not pass through a 0.2 mm sieve. [36] In one embodiment, the calcium oxide has a particle size such that more than 97.5% by mass does not pass through a 0.5 mm sieve.
• the calcium oxide has a particle size such that more than 98% by mass does not pass through a 0.125 mm sieve.
• the calcium oxide has a particle size such that more than 97% by mass does not pass through a 1 mm sieve.
• the calcium oxide has a d50 particle size between 1 and 4 mm, preferably between 1.5 and 4 mm, more preferably between 2 and 3.25 mm.
• said sand is dry.
• the amount of water provided is well controlled.
• the energy consumed is reduced.
• Sand is considered dry at a moisture content of less than 0.1%. Sand can be dried by heating to 15-20°C above room temperature.
• water is present in said sand, preferably 3 to 6% by mass. At least 3% avoids drying of the sand.
• the calcium oxide lacks the intentional addition of aluminum oxide.
• Aluminum oxide can be added during mixing.
• cullet is added to the mixture of raw materials, before or after the addition of calcium oxide, in a mass proportion of between 5 and 40% of the total.
• the cullet may come from downgraded batches of glass. The batches are of known composition so that the quantities of other raw materials are adjusted to the desired glass quality.
• the raw material mixture is prepared in a solid state. Water evaporation is avoided in the case of a porridge. The energy consumption of a prior melting of the raw materials is avoided.
• the mixture of raw materials is prepared at a temperature between room temperature and room temperature increased by 20°C.
• the mixture of raw materials is prepared at a temperature between +0 and +35°C of the previous temperature of water, sand, soda ash and sodium oxide. calcium.
• a weighted average can be taken as the prior temperature.
• the raw material mixture is prepared without thermal energy input. Drying of the mixture, which generates fines and therefore fickle, is avoided.
• said mixture is placed in an electric oven.
• a mixture of water, sand, soda and calcium oxide and optionally calcium carbonate is supplied to a glassmaking furnace, the calcium oxide being in a mass proportion between 1 and 20% of the total of the mixture, and the mixture is melted by at least one burner with a flame directed towards the mixture. Said burner offers good performance and a glazing effect of the flights towards the surface of the bath of glass being melted or molten.
• the oxidant supplied to the burner is oxygen.
• the frosting effect of fickles is increased.
• water, sand, sodium carbonate and calcium oxide and possibly calcium carbonate are present in mass proportions of between 0 and 5%, 40 and 65%, 1 and 25%, and 1 and 20% respectively for 25% cullet added.
• the rate of cullet can vary by adjusting the proportions above.
• the decarbonation of Na2CCh is performed in the liquid phase glassware furnace.
• the mixture of raw materials means glass raw materials.
• FIG.1 is a diagram of ambient air measurements taken at the kiln feeder with test batches of quicklime.
• FIG.2 is a diagram of the ambient air measurements taken under the kiln hopper, at the level of the vibrating corridors with test batches of quicklime.
• FIG.3 is a curve of the temperature evolution of vitrifiable mixtures according to the quicklime used and the humidity rate of the sand.
• FIG.4 is a curve showing the evolution of the quantity of fickle recovered during laboratory tests according to the quicklime used and the humidity level of the sand.
• batch no. 1 has a dlO particle size of less than 0.08 mm, d50 of 0.17 mm, and d90 of 3.18 mm, while batch 2 obtained a lower dlO particle size at 0.08 mm, d50 over 2.5 mm and d90 over 3.76 mm.
• the particles exhibited a shape with all three dimensions approximately equal.
• Batch 2 seemed to be particularly affected by the presence of very coarse particles, which did not pass through the 8 mm sieve, hence too slow a melting.
• the thickness is on the order of 20 to 60% of the length and width.
• the width is less than 10 mm.
• the thickness is less than 3 mm.
• the length is generally less than 15 mm.
• [79] - Lot 3 presents interesting dust emissions, especially near the vibrating corridors: between 85 and 95% reduction for inhalable dust, and between 80 and 90% reduction for alveolar dust defined according to the aid - INRS technical report ed984 , 4th edition, October 2016, ISBN 978-2-7389-2240-3.
• Phase 1 introduction according to WO2019002802.
• Measurements 1 and 2 were taken by sampling two subdivisions of the same batch of lime which were then mixed and then baked. The rate of fines less than 0.20 mm is less than 2.5%. The rate of fines less than 0.125 mm is less than 2.0%.
• Daily tonnage reached increase compared to the same glass obtained from limestone in the absence of quicklime. The performance of daily tonnage is preserved compared to fine lime despite the increase in grain size.
• the reference batch is quicklime with a particle size dlO ⁇ 0.1 mm; d50 ⁇ 0.1mm; d90 ⁇ 0.92mm.
• the compounding temperature in the daily compounding hopper is lower with batch 4 than with the reference batch.
• the temperature is around 37/38°C. Dust emissions into the ambient air are clearly decreasing. Dust emissions in the furnace are evaluated by measuring over 24 hours using a cooled pallet placed at the top of the regenerators.
• the test corresponds to approximately 2 hours of oven operation.
• test 3 sand moisture.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=78049329

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (1)

Citations (5)

• 2021
  • 2021-07-09 FR FR2107458A patent/FR3125033B1/fr active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-06-23 JP JP2024500413A patent/JP2024524578A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-06-23 WO PCT/FR2022/051239 patent/WO2023281182A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2022-06-23 EP EP22743530.2A patent/EP4367071A1/fr active Pending
  • 2022-06-23 MX MX2024000487A patent/MX2024000487A/es unknown
  • 2022-06-23 US US18/573,579 patent/US20250002387A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-06-23 CN CN202280045339.6A patent/CN117561222A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-07-07 AR ARP220101782A patent/AR126401A1/es active IP Right Grant
• 2024
  • 2024-01-04 CO CONC2024/0000048A patent/CO2024000048A2/es unknown

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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