Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
  • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
  • C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds
  • C01B3/047—Decomposition of ammonia
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
  • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
  • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
  • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
  • B01D53/58—Ammonia
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
  • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
  • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
  • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
  • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
  • C01C1/12—Separation of ammonia from gases and vapours
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
  • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
  • C25B1/042—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
  • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
  • C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
  • B01D2252/103—Water
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
  • B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
  • B01D2257/102—Nitrogen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/80—Water
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
  • C01B2203/0277—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
  • C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
  • C01B2203/043—Regenerative adsorption process in two or more beds, one for adsorption, the other for regeneration
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

• the cracked gas is fed to a separation device in which, after the majority of the unreacted ammonia has been removed and the water contained has been separated off, it is preferably treated by pressure swing adsorption, with a largely nitrogen-free hydrogen fraction and a largely nitrogen-containing fraction and ammonia contained residual gas are generated. While the hydrogen fraction can be discharged as product, the tail gas is recycled and combusted to fire the cracking furnace using air as the oxidant. Due to its high nitrogen content, the calorific value of the residual gas is comparatively low, so that additional fuel, such as ammonia, may have to be fired in order to heat the cracking furnace. In addition, the high nitrogen content causes very large amounts of flue gas, the residual heat of which can only be used by using correspondingly large and expensive heat exchangers in the waste heat system.
• an oxygen-rich material flow is supplied from an oxygen source and used as an oxidizing agent directly or after the admixture of air during the combustion of the residual gas.
• a material flow that consists of more than 25% oxygen is considered to be oxygen-rich. However, it preferably has a higher oxygen content of, for example, more than 99%.
• electrolytic cells which can be operated at lower temperatures and which are known to those skilled in the art as proton exchange, anion exchange or alkaline electrolytic cells are also suitable for use according to the invention.
• part of the ammonia used is always not converted and ends up unchanged in the cracked gas, from which it has to be separated to obtain a hydrogen product.
• the amount of unreacted ammonia increases as the reaction temperature decreases and the reaction pressure increases.
• the ammonia content of the cracked gas is low, the ammonia is preferably separated off solely by pressure swing adsorption and thermally utilized with the residual gas. With a higher ammonia content, however, it can be more economical to also remove ammonia from the cracked gas upstream of the pressure swing adsorption and to utilize it materially.
• the invention relates to a device for producing a hydrogen product from ammonia, with a cracking furnace comprising at least one burner for the catalytically supported conversion of an ammonia-containing feedstock into a cracked gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen, a separating device with which hydrogen is separated from the cracked gas while obtaining a nitrogen-rich, combustible substances can be separated comprehensive residual gas, as well as a recirculation device, through which at least part of the residual gas can be returned to be burned over the at least one burner for firing the cracking furnace.
• a cracking furnace comprising at least one burner for the catalytically supported conversion of an ammonia-containing feedstock into a cracked gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen, a separating device with which hydrogen is separated from the cracked gas while obtaining a nitrogen-rich, combustible substances can be separated comprehensive residual gas, as well as a recirculation device, through which at least part of the residual gas can be returned to be burned over the at least one burner for firing the cracking furnace.
• the water scrubbing is preferably carried out with a cooling device, via which the cracked gas can be cooled to below the water dew point, so that water can condense and ammonia can be washed out of the cracked gas by the condensed water.
• the water scrubbing is particularly preferably carried out without a supply device for additional scrubbing water and a cooling device which is able to cool the cracked gas down to temperatures between 30.degree. C. and 70.degree.
• FIG. 1 shows the production of hydrogen from ammonia according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which an electrolyzer with a solid oxide electrolytic cell serves as the oxygen source.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
• Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (6)

• 2021
  • 2021-06-30 EP EP21020333.7A patent/EP4112539A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2022
  • 2022-06-01 WO PCT/EP2022/025255 patent/WO2023274572A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2022-06-01 EP EP22731483.8A patent/EP4363371A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-06-01 KR KR1020237043579A patent/KR20240026451A/ko active Pending
  • 2022-06-01 JP JP2023577325A patent/JP2024524082A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

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