WO2023245572A1 - Dispositif électrique et procédé et appareil de charge de batterie associés, et support - Google Patents

Dispositif électrique et procédé et appareil de charge de batterie associés, et support Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023245572A1
WO2023245572A1 PCT/CN2022/100897 CN2022100897W WO2023245572A1 WO 2023245572 A1 WO2023245572 A1 WO 2023245572A1 CN 2022100897 W CN2022100897 W CN 2022100897W WO 2023245572 A1 WO2023245572 A1 WO 2023245572A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
current
charging
voltage
value
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PCT/CN2022/100897
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王海将
李海力
黄帅
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/100897 priority Critical patent/WO2023245572A1/fr
Priority to CN202280014056.5A priority patent/CN117642954A/zh
Publication of WO2023245572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023245572A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to battery management technology, in particular to an electrical device and a charging method, device and medium for its battery.
  • the battery charging function is often limited by the control capability of the charging algorithm of the battery system, resulting in low charging efficiency.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device and a charging method, device and medium for its battery. This solves the problem in related technologies that the battery charging function is often limited by the control capability of the charging algorithm of the battery system, resulting in low charging efficiency.
  • a battery charging method including:
  • the battery is alternately charged with constant voltage or constant current.
  • the current charging stage of the battery can be determined in real time during the charging process of the battery. And based on the comparison between the requested current value or the maximum cell voltage value reached by the battery and the current threshold or voltage threshold of the corresponding charging stage. Choose to switch to the corresponding constant voltage charging method or constant current charging method. This not only avoids the potential safety hazards caused by always charging the battery with constant voltage or constant current charging. It also avoids the problem in related technologies that the battery charging function is often limited by the control capability of the charging algorithm of the battery system, resulting in low charging efficiency.
  • the battery is alternately charged with constant voltage or constant current, including: if it is determined When the current maximum cell voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage, the battery is charged at a constant voltage using the voltage threshold; during the constant voltage charging process, if it is determined that the current requested current value of the battery is less than the corresponding voltage in the next charging stage.
  • the current threshold is reached, the battery is charged at a constant current at the current threshold, and the next charging stage is the next charging stage adjacent to the current charging stage.
  • performing constant voltage charging on the battery with the voltage threshold includes: if it is determined that the current maximum cell voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold and the duration exceeds the first time period, the battery is charged at a constant voltage using the voltage threshold.
  • the battery is constant-voltage based on the current threshold.
  • Current charging includes: during the constant voltage charging process, if it is determined that the current requested current value of the battery is less than the current threshold and the duration exceeds the second time period, performing constant current charging on the battery with the current threshold.
  • performing constant current charging on the battery with a current threshold includes: based on the current battery status parameters of the battery, controlling the requested current value of the battery to be within a preset current interval, The preset current interval is obtained from the current threshold of the current stage.
  • the method further includes: if it is determined that the current maximum cell voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the voltage corresponding to the last charging stage. After the threshold value exceeds the third time period, it is determined that charging is completed, and the last charging stage is the charging stage corresponding to the maximum remaining power value in each charging stage.
  • determining the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameters includes: collecting the current battery status parameters of the battery in real time during the charging process of the battery.
  • the battery status parameters Including the battery core temperature value, remaining power value and voltage value; based on the battery core temperature value, remaining power value and voltage value, the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status is determined.
  • the initial current value of the battery after calculating the initial current value of the battery, it further includes: when it is determined that the initial current value is greater than the maximum output current value, charging the battery with the maximum output current value , and determine the initial charging stage corresponding to the maximum output charging current value.
  • the initial current value can be compared with the maximum output current value that the charging pile can achieve. This ensures that the battery is charged at the smaller current value between the initial current value and the maximum output current value. This not only ensures the safety of battery charging, but also improves the charging efficiency of the battery.
  • an electrical device including:
  • the display is configured to execute the executable instructions with the memory to complete the operation of any of the above battery charging methods.
  • a computer-readable storage medium which is used to store computer-readable instructions.
  • the instructions When the instructions are executed, the operations of any of the battery charging methods described above are performed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply device applied to a battery proposed by this application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery charging method proposed in this application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the electrical device proposed in this application.
  • power batteries are the core component of electric vehicles.
  • the charging request current will be calculated based on the SOC status of the lithium-ion battery or the maximum/minimum voltage value of the single battery in the PACK.
  • the traditional charging request current calculation method is usually; According to the maximum temperature/minimum temperature/and (maximum voltage/minimum voltage or maximum SOC/minimum SOC) during the charging process, check the charging stage table and take the smaller value as the charging current requirement of the battery pack; most lithium-ion battery systems The charging dynamic voltage will monotonically increase as the SOC state increases during the charging process.
  • the charging dynamic voltage of the lithium-ion battery during the charging process does not increase monotonically. As SOC increases, the voltage fluctuates and increases. Therefore, the same charging dynamic voltage will correspond to multiple charging rate values. For this system of cells, the charging stage is simply checked based on the real-time dynamic voltage of the cell. method is no longer applicable.
  • the potential of the graphite negative electrode of the lithium ion battery will gradually decrease from 0.12V to 0.08V, corresponding to the transition of the lithium ion insertion amount from LiC12 to LiC6;
  • the charging request current is calculated based on the SOC status of the lithium-ion battery or the maximum/minimum voltage value of the single battery in the PACK.
  • the traditional charging request current calculation method is usually based on the charging process.
  • the maximum temperature/minimum temperature/and maximum voltage/minimum voltage or maximum SOC/minimum SOC are combined in pairs to check the charging stage table and take the smaller value as the charging request current value of the battery pack.
  • the table lookup method is usually divided into linear Table lookup method and stepped table lookup method;
  • the principle of the stepped table lookup is that when the SOC is in the 10-20% SOC range, the charging request magnification is 2.0C; when the SOC is greater than or equal to 20% SOC, the charging request magnification is 1.0C.
  • the charging stage of the lithium-ion battery is based on the actual calculation of the lithium deposition stage of the battery cell.
  • the charging stage of the lithium-ion battery is equivalent to the lithium deposition stage of the battery cell to a certain extent; the charging stage of the lithium-ion battery changes with the SOC state. It changes with changes.
  • Different SOC values correspond to different charging rates in the charging stage; the relationship between the charging stage and the change of the SOC state is not a simple linear relationship or a STEP relationship, so whether it is linear interpolation or STEP charging.
  • constant-voltage charging is an effective charging method that balances charging time and charging safety.
  • the battery enters the constant-voltage charging stage, because the positive electrode of the battery is constantly releasing lithium ions, the potential is gradually increasing; while the negative electrode As lithium ions continue to be embedded, the potential gradually decreases; when charged at constant voltage, the positive electrode potential continues to increase, and the current gradually decreases, which will cause the negative electrode potential to slowly rise.
  • the negative electrode potential does not have a lithium deposition potential as low as 0V.
  • the constant voltage charging process is based on the battery core.
  • the reaction rate of the internal multi-step chemical reaction self-regulates to the process of rebalancing the multi-step kinetic reaction process inside the battery cell, so that the depolarization of the constant voltage charging current perfectly conforms to the depolarization kinetic curve of the battery cell; therefore, the constant Pressure charging can perfectly bring out the maximum charging capacity of the battery core while ensuring the charging safety of the battery core.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device with a battery as a power source.
  • the electrical device can be but is not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a flow chart of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, this method includes:
  • the electrical device can start charging the battery in stages after receiving the charging start command.
  • the charging start instruction can be an instruction generated after the user connects the electrical device to the charging device.
  • the user can insert the charging plug of the electrical device into the power supply device (such as a charging pile) to enter charging.
  • the battery management system (BMS) can calculate the current battery according to the internal calculation logic.
  • the acceptable charging capacity of the battery cell is sent to the electrical device and charging pile. Further, when the charging pile receives the charging request current and related information sent by the BMS, it can respond and output the relevant requested charging current.
  • the charging process of the battery can be implemented according to a charging stage set table including multiple charging stages.
  • Each charging stage includes corresponding current thresholds, voltage thresholds and corresponding battery status parameters.
  • the BMS can select the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameters.
  • Step 4 When the battery charging process enters the constant voltage charging state, the actual charging current of the battery will continuously and adaptively decrease according to the dynamic capability of the battery cell. Among them, when the current requested current value of the battery is less than or equal to the current threshold 3A corresponding to charging stage 2 (i.e., the next (n+1) charging step), and continues for a period of time (i.e., the second time period), it is determined to exit the constant state. voltage charging and enter the constant current charging process.
  • the constant current charging process can determine the current requested current value based on the current temperature/voltage/SOC status of the battery.
  • Step 5 Repeat the charging process of steps 2 to 4 above until the current requested current value of the battery is detected to be less than or equal to the current threshold 1A corresponding to charging stage 5 (i.e., the last charging step), and continues for a period of time (i.e., the second time section), it is determined to exit the current constant voltage charging and enter the constant current charging process.
  • Step 6 During the constant current charging process, as the SOC state of the battery gradually increases, the cell voltage is also gradually rising.
  • the battery management system detects that the maximum voltage value of a single cell in the battery is greater than or equal to charging stage 5, After the corresponding voltage threshold is 10V (i.e., the full charge cut-off voltage) and continues for a period of time (i.e., the first time period), it is determined that the battery charging process is over.
  • the current charging stage of the battery can be determined in real time during the charging process of the battery. And based on the comparison between the requested current value or the maximum cell voltage value reached by the battery and the current threshold or voltage threshold of the corresponding charging stage. Choose to switch to the corresponding constant voltage charging method or constant current charging method. This not only avoids the potential safety hazards caused by always charging the battery with constant voltage or constant current charging. It also avoids the problem in related technologies that the battery charging function is often limited by the control capability of the charging algorithm of the battery system, resulting in low charging efficiency.
  • the battery is alternately charged with constant voltage or constant current, including: if it is determined When the current maximum cell voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage, the battery is charged at a constant voltage using the voltage threshold; during the constant voltage charging process, if it is determined that the current requested current value of the battery is less than the corresponding voltage in the next charging stage.
  • the current threshold is reached, the battery is charged at a constant current at the current threshold, and the next charging stage is the next charging stage adjacent to the current charging stage.
  • the process of switching to the constant voltage charging mode in this application is based on whether the maximum cell voltage of the battery exceeds the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage. It is understandable that during the charging process, as the battery SOC status gradually increases, the cell voltage will also increase accordingly. Excessive voltage may cause safety hazards to the battery during the charging process. Therefore, in order to avoid this problem, this application can determine whether to use the battery based on real-time monitoring of whether the cell voltage is greater than the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage. Charge using constant voltage charging method.
  • whether to switch to the constant current charging mode is determined by whether the current value of the battery is less than the current threshold corresponding to the next charging stage of the current charging stage. It is understandable that during the constant voltage charging process, the actual charging current will continue to adaptively decrease according to the dynamic capabilities of the battery cell. Too small a voltage may lead to low charging efficiency during the charging process. Therefore, in order to avoid this problem, this application can determine whether the requested current value is less than the current threshold corresponding to the next charging stage based on real-time monitoring. Charging is done using constant current charging.
  • the voltage threshold and current threshold corresponding to each charging stage are preset.
  • whether to switch to the constant voltage charging mode can be decided based on whether the maximum cell voltage value currently reached by the battery exceeds the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage. And in the constant voltage charging mode, whether to switch to the constant current charging mode is determined based on whether the current requested current value of the battery exceeds the current threshold corresponding to the next charging stage.
  • performing constant voltage charging on the battery with the voltage threshold includes: if it is determined that the current maximum cell voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the voltage threshold and the duration exceeds the first time period, the battery is charged at a constant voltage using the voltage threshold.
  • the battery is constant-voltage based on the current threshold.
  • Current charging includes: during the constant voltage charging process, if it is determined that the current requested current value of the battery is less than the current threshold and the duration exceeds the second time period, performing constant current charging on the battery with the current threshold.
  • first time period and the second time period can be the same value or different values. In one method, it can be 5 seconds or 10 seconds.
  • the maximum cell voltage of the battery can be controlled by adjusting the battery's requested current value in real time, and then based on the control of the maximum cell voltage of the battery. method to ensure charging in a constant voltage manner. To ensure that the battery can exert the maximum charging capacity of the battery core during the constant voltage charging process, and at the same time ensure the charging safety of the battery core.
  • performing constant current charging on the battery with a current threshold includes: based on the current battery status parameters of the battery, controlling the requested current value of the battery to be within a preset current interval, The preset current interval is obtained from the current threshold of the current stage.
  • the battery status parameters can be determined in real time to determine the matching request current value. Then, charging in a constant current mode is ensured according to the method of controlling the requested current value. This ensures that the battery can exert the maximum charging capacity of the battery core during constant current charging, while ensuring the charging safety of the battery core.
  • the method further includes: if it is determined that the current maximum cell voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to the voltage corresponding to the last charging stage. After the threshold value exceeds the third time period, it is determined that charging is completed, and the last charging stage is the charging stage corresponding to the maximum remaining power value in each charging stage.
  • determining the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameters includes: collecting the current battery status parameters of the battery in real time during the charging process of the battery.
  • the battery status parameters Including the battery core temperature value, remaining power value and voltage value; based on the battery core temperature value, remaining power value and voltage value, the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status is determined.
  • the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameter before determining the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameter, it further includes: detecting that the electrical device where the battery is located is connected to the charging device, Obtain the maximum output current value of the charging device; calculate the initial current value of the battery based on the current battery status parameters; when it is determined that the initial current value is less than or equal to the maximum output charging current value, charge the battery with the initial current value, and determine the The initial current value corresponds to the initial charging stage.
  • the true maximum charging current capability of the current battery core can be determined by looking up a table based on the obtained battery SOC value and the battery's current maximum/minimum temperature value and other battery status parameters. (i.e. the maximum charging current value).
  • the initial current value can be compared with the maximum output current value that the charging pile can achieve. To ensure that the battery is charged with the smaller current value between the initial current value and the maximum output current value. This not only ensures the safety of battery charging, but also improves the charging efficiency of the battery.
  • the present application also provides a battery charging device.
  • a battery charging device include:
  • the current charging stage of the battery can be determined in real time during the charging process of the battery. And based on the comparison between the requested current value or the maximum cell voltage value reached by the battery and the current threshold or voltage threshold of the corresponding charging stage. Choose to switch to the corresponding constant voltage charging method or constant current charging method. This not only avoids the potential safety hazards caused by always charging the battery with constant voltage or constant current charging. It also avoids the problem in related technologies that the battery charging function is often limited by the control capability of the charging algorithm of the battery system, resulting in low charging efficiency.
  • the charging module 302 is configured as:
  • the battery is charged at a constant voltage using the voltage threshold.
  • the charging module 302 is configured as:
  • the battery is charged with a constant current using the current threshold.
  • the charging module 302 is configured as:
  • the charging module 302 is configured as:
  • the charging module 302 is configured as:
  • the last charging stage corresponds to the maximum remaining power value in each charging stage. charging stage.
  • the determination module 301 is configured as:
  • the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery state is determined.
  • the determination module 301 is configured as:
  • the battery When it is determined that the initial current value is less than or equal to the maximum output charging current value, the battery is charged with the initial current value, and an initial charging stage corresponding to the initial current value is determined.
  • the determination module 301 is configured as:
  • Figure 5 is a logical structural block diagram of an electrical device according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the battery 400 may include an electrical device carrying the battery.
  • a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions such as a memory including instructions.
  • the instructions can be executed by a battery processor to complete the above-mentioned charging method of the battery.
  • the method includes: During the staged charging process of the battery, the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameter is determined; based on the current battery status parameter, the current threshold and the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage, the battery is alternately charged Voltage charging or constant current charging.
  • the above instructions can also be executed by the processor of the battery to complete other steps involved in the above exemplary embodiments.
  • non-transitory computer-readable storage media may be ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, etc.
  • an application program/computer program product including one or more instructions, which can be executed by a processor of the battery to complete the above battery charging method.
  • the method includes: during the staged charging process of the battery, determining the current charging stage corresponding to the current battery status parameter; based on the current battery status parameter, the current threshold and the voltage threshold corresponding to the current charging stage, alternately charging the The battery is charged with constant voltage or constant current.
  • the above instructions can also be executed by the processor of the battery to complete other steps involved in the above exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 is an example diagram of battery 400.
  • the battery 400 may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or different components may be used, such as
  • the battery 400 may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
  • the memory 401 can be used to store computer readable instructions 403.
  • the processor 402 implements various functions of the battery 400 by running or executing computer readable instructions or modules stored in the memory 401 and calling data stored in the memory 401.
  • the memory 401 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the storage data area may store a program based on Data created by the use of battery 400, etc.
  • the memory 401 may include a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, flash memory card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or other non-volatile/volatile storage devices.
  • smart memory card Smart Media Card, SMC
  • flash memory card Flash Card
  • at least one disk storage device flash memory device
  • read-only memory Read-Only Memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • the integrated modules of the battery 400 are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention can implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, and can also be completed by instructing relevant hardware through computer-readable instructions.
  • the computer-readable instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed by the processor, the computer-readable instructions can implement the steps of each of the above method embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande concerne un dispositif électrique et un procédé et un appareil de charge de batterie associés, et un support. Par application de la solution technique de la présente demande, l'étage de charge actuel d'une batterie peut être déterminé en temps réel pendant un processus de charge de batterie. De plus, en fonction d'une comparaison entre une valeur de courant demandée ou la valeur de tension de cellule maximale atteinte dans la batterie et une valeur de seuil de courant ou une valeur de seuil de tension d'un étage de charge correspondant, un mode de charge à tension constante correspondant ou un mode de charge à courant constant est sélectionné pour la commutation. Par conséquent, la présente demande peut non seulement empêcher le problème de risque de danger potentiel dû à une batterie toujours chargée à l'aide d'un mode de charge à tension constante ou à courant constant, mais peut également empêcher le problème survenant dans l'état de la technique associé de l'efficacité de charge qui n'est pas élevée en raison d'une fonction de charge de batterie généralement limitée par la capacité de régulation et de commande d'un algorithme de charge d'un système de batterie.
PCT/CN2022/100897 2022-06-23 2022-06-23 Dispositif électrique et procédé et appareil de charge de batterie associés, et support WO2023245572A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2022/100897 WO2023245572A1 (fr) 2022-06-23 2022-06-23 Dispositif électrique et procédé et appareil de charge de batterie associés, et support
CN202280014056.5A CN117642954A (zh) 2022-06-23 2022-06-23 用电装置及其电池的充电方法、装置及介质

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PCT/CN2022/100897 WO2023245572A1 (fr) 2022-06-23 2022-06-23 Dispositif électrique et procédé et appareil de charge de batterie associés, et support

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104269583A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-01-07 重庆邮电大学 一种带负脉冲的分段恒流恒压交替充电方法
CN105098926A (zh) * 2015-09-10 2015-11-25 桂林电子科技大学 一种应用于动力电池的智能充电系统与充电方法
US20190356136A1 (en) * 2018-05-16 2019-11-21 Stmicroelectronics (Tours) Sas Electric battery recharge method
CN113348603A (zh) * 2020-02-06 2021-09-03 宁德新能源科技有限公司 充电方法、电子装置以及存储介质

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104269583A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-01-07 重庆邮电大学 一种带负脉冲的分段恒流恒压交替充电方法
CN105098926A (zh) * 2015-09-10 2015-11-25 桂林电子科技大学 一种应用于动力电池的智能充电系统与充电方法
US20190356136A1 (en) * 2018-05-16 2019-11-21 Stmicroelectronics (Tours) Sas Electric battery recharge method
CN113348603A (zh) * 2020-02-06 2021-09-03 宁德新能源科技有限公司 充电方法、电子装置以及存储介质

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