WO2023238546A1 - Procédé de fabrication additive, équipement de fabrication additive et programme - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication additive, équipement de fabrication additive et programme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023238546A1
WO2023238546A1 PCT/JP2023/016546 JP2023016546W WO2023238546A1 WO 2023238546 A1 WO2023238546 A1 WO 2023238546A1 JP 2023016546 W JP2023016546 W JP 2023016546W WO 2023238546 A1 WO2023238546 A1 WO 2023238546A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
reinforced resin
modeling
head
filament
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2023/016546
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
真 竹中
鷹 安藤
Original Assignee
株式会社神戸製鋼所
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社神戸製鋼所 filed Critical 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Publication of WO2023238546A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023238546A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an additive manufacturing method, an additive manufacturing apparatus, and a program.
  • FDM Fused Deposition Molding
  • a filament which is a material for modeling
  • a head heated and melted in the head, extruded from a nozzle, and then stacked on a modeling table to create a model.
  • an FDM additive manufacturing method has been proposed that uses fiber-reinforced resin filaments in which twisted continuous reinforcing fiber bundles are impregnated with resin (Patent Document 1). According to this method, the strength of the shaped object can be improved.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a layered manufacturing method, a layered manufacturing device, and a program that allow for targeted modeling without meandering even when using filaments containing twisted continuous reinforcing fiber bundles. do.
  • a filament feeding section that feeds the fiber reinforced resin filament; a head unit that heats and melts the fed fiber-reinforced resin filament and discharges the melted modeling material from a nozzle; a modeling table disposed opposite to the head portion and having a modeling surface; a control unit that discharges the modeling material from the head unit while relatively moving the head unit and the modeling table; Equipped with The control section makes a head speed Vh, which is a relative speed between the head section and the modeling table, larger than a feeding speed Vf of the fiber-reinforced resin filament fed to the head section. Additive manufacturing equipment.
  • the present invention even when using a filament containing twisted continuous reinforcing fiber bundles, it is possible to form the filament as desired without meandering.
  • the additive manufacturing apparatus shown here is an apparatus that creates a modeled object by a thermal fusion layering method, and uses fiber-reinforced resin filaments, which are twisted continuous reinforcing fiber bundles impregnated with resin, as a model material.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an FDM type additive manufacturing apparatus 100.
  • the additive manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a filament feeding section 13 that feeds fiber-reinforced resin filaments (hereinafter also referred to as filaments) 11, a head section 15, a modeling table 17, a molding drive section 19, and a control section 21. Equipped with fiber-reinforced resin filaments (hereinafter also referred to as filaments) 11, a head section 15, a modeling table 17, a molding drive section 19, and a control section 21. Equipped with fiber-reinforced resin filaments (hereinafter also referred to as filaments) 11, a head section 15, a modeling table 17, a molding drive section 19, and a control section 21. Equipped with fiber-reinforced resin filaments (hereinafter also referred to as filaments) 11, a head section 15, a modeling table 17, a molding drive section 19, and a control section 21. Equipped with fiber-reinforced resin filaments (hereinafter also referred to as filaments) 11, a head section
  • the filament feeding section 13 includes a pair of drive rollers 13a that sandwich the filament 11, and a drive section (not shown) such as a motor that rotationally drives at least one of the drive rollers 13a.
  • the head section 15 includes a heating section (not shown) that thermally melts the fed filament 11, and a nozzle 15a that discharges the modeling material melted by the heating section.
  • a cutting section such as a cutter or a laser cutting device for cutting the reinforcing fibers included in the filament 11 may be provided.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the fiber reinforced resin filament 11.
  • the filament 11 is a continuous linear resin material containing reinforcing fibers and is used as a modeling raw material for producing a modeled object.
  • the filament 11 includes a base material 31 containing a thermoplastic resin, and one or more fiber bundles 33 arranged in the base material 31 and extending continuously in the axial direction Ax.
  • the fiber bundle 33 is made by twisting and bundling a large number of reinforcing fibers together, and is twisted along the central axis of the filament 11 and arranged in a spiral shape.
  • organic fibers such as polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, and Zylon fibers
  • inorganic fibers such as boron fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers, and rock fibers
  • surface-treated fibers can be used to improve the adhesion strength between the resin and the fibers.
  • antioxidants such as phenol-based, thioether-based, and phosphite-based antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers such as benzotriazole-based or triazine-based, and metal deactivators such as hydrazide-based or amide-based to thermoplastic resins,
  • the durability of the modeled object may also be improved.
  • thermoplastic resins can improve the flame retardancy of shaped objects.
  • thermoplastic resin By adding a core material such as a phosphate ester metal salt or sorbitol to a thermoplastic resin, it is possible to control thermal expansion during molding and improve molding accuracy.
  • a core material such as a phosphate ester metal salt or sorbitol
  • Adding a permanent antistatic agent such as a nonionic, anionic, or cationic type to a thermoplastic resin can improve the antistatic properties of a shaped object.
  • thermoplastic resin By adding a hydrocarbon-based or metal soap-based lubricant to the thermoplastic resin to improve the lubricity of the continuous fiber-reinforced strand, it is possible to smoothly feed the strand during modeling.
  • the head speed Vh here is the moving speed of the head section 15 that moves the head section 15 within the plane of the modeling surface 17a while the modeling surface 17a is fixed.
  • the relative speed between the modeling table 17 and the head section 15 is determined.
  • the head speed Vh is the relative speed of the printing table 17 with respect to the head section 15.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a twisted fiber bundle within a filament.
  • FIG. 4 is a side development view of the filament shown in FIG. 3.
  • the length of the filament and the length of the fiber bundle are equal.
  • the length of the filament Ltw per twist pitch of the fiber bundle is spirally wound at a position of radius R from the filament center O.
  • the length Lftw of the twisted fiber bundle is longer than the length Ltw of the filament. That is, the length Lftw of the fiber bundle in the length Ltw of the filaments per one pitch of twist can be expressed by formula (1) from the radius R of the filaments according to the twist angle ⁇ .
  • the range of the above parameter K is preferably 0.990 or more, more preferably 1.000 or more, and preferably 1.028 or less, more preferably 1.020 or less. Further, the optimum value of the parameter K is 1.
  • the speed ratio Vh/Vf is preferably equal to or less than the parameter N of equation (2). That is, by satisfying equation (4) and setting the difference between the length of the filament and the length of the fiber bundle according to the speed ratio Vh/Vf, the amount of the fiber bundle supplied can be made more appropriate.
  • Table 1 summarizes the results of modeling using the layered manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 using filaments having the following properties.
  • (Test condition) ⁇ Filament Reinforcing fiber of fiber bundle: 1K carbon fiber Base material: Polyamide resin Filament diameter 0.288mm Twisting angle: 2° Filament length per twist pitch Ltw: 25.939mm Fiber bundle length per twist pitch Lftw: 25.954mm Strain at break of reinforcing fiber ⁇ : 0.015 Deformation length ⁇ Lftw of fiber bundle in filament due to tension per twist pitch: 0.389 mm
  • Test Examples 1 to 6 the printing table was fixed and the head speed Vh when moving the head portion was kept constant, and the filament feeding speed Vf was changed.
  • the modeling material was modeled in a straight line under each condition, the presence or absence of meandering, fiber fuzz, and fiber breakage was checked.
  • printability was graded as " ⁇ " for a good level, " ⁇ ” for a level with no practical problems, and "x” for a level at which at least one of meandering, fluffing, and fiber breakage occurred after ejection.
  • Test Example 2 the feeding speed Vf was lowered to 4.95 mm/s, and the speed ratio Vh/Vf was set to 1.010. This speed ratio Vh/Vf was equal to or less than the parameter N. Moreover, the parameter K was 0.994. Under the conditions of Test Example 2, as in Test Example 1, meandering did not occur during straight line printing and good printability was obtained.
  • Test Example 3 the feeding speed Vf was lowered to 4.85 mm/s, and the speed ratio Vh/Vf was set to 1.031. This speed ratio Vh/Vf was larger than the parameter N. Moreover, the parameter K was 1.015. Under the conditions of Test Example 3, meandering did not occur during straight line printing, but the printability was lower than in Test Examples 1 and 2, but the results were of no practical problem.
  • Test Example 4 the feeding speed Vf was lowered to 4.80 mm/s, and the speed ratio Vh/Vf was set to 1.042. This speed ratio Vh/Vh was larger than the parameter N. Moreover, the parameter K was 1.026. Under the conditions of Test Example 4, meandering did not occur during straight printing, but some fiber fluffing occurred. The printability was the same as Test Example 3, and the result was of no practical problem.
  • Test Example 5 the feeding speed Vf was lowered to 4.75 mm/s, and the speed ratio Vh/Vf was set to 1.053. This speed ratio Vh/Vh was larger than the parameter N. Further, the parameter K was 1.036, which was outside the above-mentioned range of 0.985 or more and 1.030 or less. Under the conditions of Test Example 5, fiber breakage occurred and printability decreased.
  • Test Example 6 the feed speed Vf was set to 5.0 mm/s, which is the same as the head speed Vh, and the speed ratio Vh/Vf was set to 1.000. This speed ratio Vh/Vh was equal to or less than the parameter N.
  • the parameter K was 0.984, which was outside the above-mentioned range of 0.985 or more and 1.030 or less. Under the conditions of Test Example 6, meandering occurred during straight printing and printability deteriorated.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can combine the configurations of the embodiments with each other, modify and apply them based on the description of the specification and well-known techniques. It is also contemplated by the present invention to do so, and is within the scope for which protection is sought.
  • the speed ratio Vh/Vf is The additive manufacturing method according to (1), which satisfies the following relationship.
  • Ltw Length of fiber reinforced resin filament per twist pitch
  • Lftw Fiber bundle length in fiber reinforced resin filament per twist pitch
  • ⁇ Lftw Deformation due to tension of fiber bundle in fiber reinforced resin filament per twist pitch
  • Additive manufacturing equipment by adjusting the head speed and filament feeding speed by the control unit, the filament is heated and melted from the nozzle of the head unit, and the modeling material discharged does not meander and follows the set path. It can be shaped into As a result, it is possible to suppress the formation of voids in the shaped object and improve the strength of the shaped object.
  • the modeling material that is heated and melted and discharged from the nozzle of the head part does not meander, and can be modeled along the set path. As a result, it is possible to suppress the formation of voids in the shaped object and improve the strength of the shaped object.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé de fabrication additive pour fabriquer un objet modélisé par l'intermédiaire d'un procédé de dépôt fusionné utilisant un filament de résine renforcé par des fibres obtenu par imprégnation d'un faisceau de fibres de renforcement continues torsadées avec de la résine, le procédé ayant une étape de modélisation pour introduire le filament de résine renforcé par des fibres dans une unité de tête et faire fondre le filament de résine renforcé par des fibres alimentées par chauffage dans l'unité de tête afin de décharger un matériau de modélisation fondu à partir d'une buse de l'unité de tête tout en déplaçant l'unité de tête et une table de modélisation l'une par rapport à l'autre. Dans l'étape de modélisation, le rapport de vitesse Vh/Vf de la vitesse de tête Vh entre l'unité de tête et la table de modélisation et la vitesse d'alimentation Vf du filament de résine renforcé par des fibres fourni à l'unité de tête est supérieur à 1.
PCT/JP2023/016546 2022-06-10 2023-04-26 Procédé de fabrication additive, équipement de fabrication additive et programme WO2023238546A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022-094603 2022-06-10
JP2022094603A JP2023180919A (ja) 2022-06-10 2022-06-10 積層造形方法及び積層造形装置並びにプログラム

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WO2023238546A1 true WO2023238546A1 (fr) 2023-12-14

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130095302A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Nathaniel B. Pettis Grayscale rendering in 3d printing
JP2016101731A (ja) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 ローランドディー．ジー．株式会社 三次元造形装置および三次元造形方法
JP2016107462A (ja) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-20 ローランドディー．ジー．株式会社 三次元造形装置
JP2021123026A (ja) * 2020-02-05 2021-08-30 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ストランド及び造形物
WO2022097590A1 (fr) * 2020-11-06 2022-05-12 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Brin
US20220152905A1 (en) * 2019-02-28 2022-05-19 Technische Universität Dresden Method for producing an elastic and flexible fiber with optical, electrical or microfluidic functionality

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130095302A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Nathaniel B. Pettis Grayscale rendering in 3d printing
JP2016101731A (ja) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 ローランドディー．ジー．株式会社 三次元造形装置および三次元造形方法
JP2016107462A (ja) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-20 ローランドディー．ジー．株式会社 三次元造形装置
US20220152905A1 (en) * 2019-02-28 2022-05-19 Technische Universität Dresden Method for producing an elastic and flexible fiber with optical, electrical or microfluidic functionality
JP2021123026A (ja) * 2020-02-05 2021-08-30 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ストランド及び造形物
WO2022097590A1 (fr) * 2020-11-06 2022-05-12 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Brin

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