WO2023233500A1 - 分散型メタネーションシステム - Google Patents

分散型メタネーションシステム Download PDF

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WO2023233500A1
WO2023233500A1 PCT/JP2022/022040 JP2022022040W WO2023233500A1 WO 2023233500 A1 WO2023233500 A1 WO 2023233500A1 JP 2022022040 W JP2022022040 W JP 2022022040W WO 2023233500 A1 WO2023233500 A1 WO 2023233500A1
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Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
distributed
methane
power
methanation
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PCT/JP2022/022040
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
洋次 尾中
誠 谷島
俊雄 篠木
誠 川本
誠治 中島
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to US18/867,834 priority Critical patent/US20250364581A1/en
Priority to EP22944789.1A priority patent/EP4534517B1/en
Priority to JP2023505686A priority patent/JP7278517B1/ja
Priority to CN202280096384.4A priority patent/CN119255976A/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2022/022040 priority patent/WO2023233500A1/ja
Publication of WO2023233500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023233500A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
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    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a distributed methanation system.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for producing methane using carbon dioxide and water. This device reduces water and carbon dioxide to obtain synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This device produces methane from synthesis gas.
  • This type of device is required to efficiently recover carbon dioxide as a raw material.
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a distributed methanation system that can efficiently recover carbon dioxide.
  • One embodiment of the distributed methanation system includes a methane generation system that includes a co-electrolyzer and a methane reactor and that is supplied with electricity, water, and carbon dioxide to produce methane;
  • a distributed methanation system comprising: a reformer that converts methane into hydrogen; and a fuel cell power generation system that includes a fuel cell that generates power using the hydrogen supplied from the reformer,
  • the fuel cell power generation system includes a circulation flow path that recirculates hydrogen off-gas generated in the fuel cell, and a separator that separates carbon dioxide from the hydrogen off-gas
  • the distributed methanation system includes:
  • the apparatus further includes a carbon dioxide recovery device for recovering carbon dioxide separated by the separator.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed methanation system according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a distributed methanation system according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a distributed methanation system according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distributed methanation system according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a distributed methanation system 1 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the distributed methanation system 1 in the first embodiment.
  • the distributed methanation system 1 generates methane from electricity, water, and carbon dioxide.
  • the distributed methanation system 1 generates electricity from the generated methane.
  • the distributed methanation system 1 is supplied with power from an external power generation system 2.
  • the power generation system 2 may be a renewable energy power generation system. Examples of renewable energy power generation systems include solar power generation systems and wind power generation systems. However, the power generation system 2 is not limited to a renewable energy power generation system. For example, the power generation system 2 may be a power generation system using thermal power.
  • Water is supplied to the distributed methanation system 1 from an external water supply system 3.
  • the decentralized methanation system 1 is supplied with water from an external carbon dioxide supply system 4 .
  • the water supply system 3 and the carbon dioxide supply system 4 known configurations can be adopted. Note that in this embodiment, the distributed methanation system 1 recovers at least a portion of carbon dioxide necessary for producing methane. When the distributed methanation system 1 recovers all of the carbon dioxide necessary for producing methane, the carbon dioxide supply system 4 does not need to supply carbon dioxide to the distributed methanation system 1.
  • the distributed methanation system 1 supplies the generated power to, for example, a local grid power source.
  • the regional grid power source is managed and operated by, for example, the energy management system (regional EMS 5) of the region.
  • the distributed methanation system 1 is connected to the regional EMS 5.
  • the regional EMS 5 may be supplied with not only the power from the distributed methanation system 1 but also the power from the power generation system 2.
  • the distributed methanation system 1 includes a methane generation system 10, a methane generation system 10, a fuel cell power generation system 20, a gas supply path 30, a carbon dioxide recovery device 40, It includes a carbon dioxide storage device 50 and a control device 60.
  • the methane generation system 10 is supplied with electricity, water, and carbon dioxide to generate methane.
  • the methane generation system 10 includes a co-electrolyzer 11, a methane reactor 12, a first circulation flow path 13, and a first separator 14.
  • the co-electrolysis device 11 includes, for example, a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) having a cathode electrode and an anode electrode.
  • SOEC solid oxide electrolysis cell
  • a solid oxide having oxygen ion conductivity is used in the solid oxide electrolytic cell.
  • the electrolyte zirconia-based oxide or the like is used.
  • the co-electrolyzer 11 supplies water supplied from the water supply system 3 to the cathode electrode of the solid oxide electrolytic cell.
  • the water used for co-electrolysis in the solid oxide electrolytic cell is desirably water vapor.
  • the co-electrolyzer 11 supplies carbon dioxide supplied from the carbon dioxide supply system 4 or the like to the cathode electrode of the solid oxide electrolytic cell.
  • the co-electrolyzer 11 may include a heating device that heats the solid oxide electrolytic cell.
  • the heating device can adjust the temperature within the solid oxide electrolytic cell to a temperature suitable for the co-electrolytic reaction.
  • the ratio of carbon dioxide and water supplied to the solid oxide electrolysis cell can be determined depending on the ratio of the components (carbon monoxide, hydrogen) of the target mixed gas.
  • the co-electrolyzer 11 obtains a mixed gas containing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ) from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O ) by co-electrolysis.
  • Co-electrolysis proceeds, for example, according to formula (I) shown below. This reaction is endothermic. CO2 + H2O ⁇ CO+ H2 + O2 ...(I)
  • co-electrolysis can be performed using electric power generated using renewable energy (for example, solar power generation, wind power generation, etc.).
  • renewable energy for example, solar power generation, wind power generation, etc.
  • Methane obtained using renewable energy can be considered a carbon-neutral fuel that does not contribute to global warming, as no additional carbon dioxide is generated when it is combusted.
  • the methane reactor 12 obtains a fuel gas containing methane (CH 4 ) and water (H 2 O) from carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ) through a methanation reaction.
  • the methanation reaction proceeds, for example, according to formula (II) shown below. This reaction is exothermic. CO+ 3H2 ⁇ CH4 + H2O ...(II)
  • the methane reactor 12 is preferably equipped with a methanation catalyst with which the mixed gas comes into contact.
  • methanation catalysts include Ni catalysts and Ru catalysts. Methanation catalysts promote methanation reactions.
  • the first circulation flow path 13 circulates the off-gas in the methane reactor 12 (hereinafter referred to as first off-gas) to the co-electrolyzer 11 and the methane reactor 12.
  • the first off-gas mainly contains hydrogen and water vapor.
  • the first circulation flow path 13 is branched into two branch paths in the middle. Of the two branch paths, the first branch path 13a is connected to the co-electrolyzer 11, and the second branch path 13b is connected to the methane reactor 12.
  • the first separator 14 is provided at a branch point in the first circulation flow path 13.
  • the first separator 14 separates the first off-gas into a first gas and a second gas.
  • the first gas mainly contains water vapor.
  • the water vapor concentration of the first gas is higher than the water vapor concentration of the first off-gas.
  • the second gas mainly contains hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen concentration of the second gas is higher than the hydrogen concentration of the first off-gas.
  • the first separator 14 separates the first off-gas into water vapor (first gas) and hydrogen (second gas).
  • the first separator 14 supplies the first gas (steam) to the co-electrolyzer 11 through the first branch path 13a.
  • the first separator 14 supplies the second gas (hydrogen) to the methane reactor 12 through the second branch 13b.
  • the first separator 14 supplies part of the first off-gas (first gas) to the co-electrolyzer 11, so that the heat generated in the exothermic reaction in the methane reactor 12 is transferred to the endothermic reaction in the co-electrolyzer 11. It may be used for
  • the fuel cell power generation system 20 includes a reformer 21, a fuel cell 22, a second circulation flow path 23, and a second separator 24.
  • the reformer 21 converts methane supplied from the methane generation system 10 into hydrogen.
  • the reformer 21 is supplied with fuel gas from the methane generation system 10 .
  • fuel gas from the methane generation system 10 is supplied via the gas supply path 30.
  • the gas supply path 30 supplies methane (fuel gas) generated in the methane reactor 12 to the reformer 21 via the methane storage device 31 or the gas infrastructure 32.
  • supplying methane to the reformer 21 via the gas infrastructure 32 includes, for example, supplying methane through existing piping for city gas, supplying methane by transporting a cylinder, etc. is included.
  • the methane storage device 31 and the gas infrastructure 32 may not be provided. Furthermore, not only the fuel gas from the methane generation system 10 but also city gas (fuel gas, methane gas) from the city gas supply network 6 may be supplied to the reformer 21 .
  • the reformer 21 obtains a reformed gas containing carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ) from methane and water (steam) contained in the fuel gas through a reforming reaction.
  • the modification reaction proceeds, for example, according to formula (III) shown below. CH4 + H2O ⁇ CO+ 3H2 ...(III)
  • the reformer 21 includes a reforming catalyst with which the fuel gas comes into contact.
  • the reforming catalyst include Ni catalyst and Ru catalyst.
  • a reforming catalyst accelerates the reforming reaction.
  • the reformer 21 includes a carbon monoxide shift converter and a carbon monoxide remover.
  • the concentration of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas can be reduced by a carbon monoxide shift converter and a carbon monoxide remover.
  • the carbon monoxide shift converter includes a carbon monoxide shift catalyst such as a Cu catalyst and an Fe catalyst. In a carbon monoxide shift converter, some of the carbon monoxide becomes carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon monoxide remover includes a methanation catalyst that methanizes carbon monoxide. Examples of methanation catalysts include Ru catalysts. In the carbon monoxide remover, some of the carbon monoxide becomes methane. Since the concentration of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas is reduced by the carbon monoxide shift converter and the carbon monoxide remover, the reformed gas becomes a gas containing hydrogen (H 2 ) as a main component.
  • the fuel cell 22 uses hydrogen supplied from the reformer 21 to generate electricity.
  • the fuel cell 22 is, for example, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).
  • Reformed gas is supplied to the anode of the fuel cell 22 .
  • Oxygen-containing gas (oxidizing agent-containing gas) is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell 22 .
  • the oxygen-containing gas is, for example, air.
  • power generation is performed by a reaction between a reformed gas containing hydrogen (H 2 ) and an oxygen-containing gas. This reaction is exothermic.
  • a product gas containing water (steam) is obtained through a reaction between the reformed gas and the oxygen-containing gas.
  • the product gas contains not only water (steam) but also unreacted hydrogen (H 2 ) and carbon dioxide.
  • the second circulation flow path 23 circulates the off-gas in the fuel cell 22 (hereinafter referred to as second off-gas) to the fuel cell 22.
  • the second off-gas mainly contains hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • the second circulation flow path 23 is branched into two branch paths in the middle. Of the two branch paths, the third branch path 23a is connected to the reformer 21, and the fourth branch path 23b is connected to the carbon dioxide recovery device 40.
  • the second circulation flow path 23 recirculates the second off-gas (hydrogen off-gas generated in the fuel cell 22) to the fuel cell 22 through the third branch path 23a and the reformer 21. Note that the third branch path 23a may be connected to the fuel cell 22 instead of the reformer 21.
  • the second separator 24 is provided at a branch point in the second circulation flow path 23.
  • the second separator 24 separates the second off-gas into a third gas and a fourth gas.
  • the third gas mainly contains hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen concentration of the third gas is higher than the hydrogen concentration of the second off-gas.
  • the fourth gas mainly contains carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide concentration of the fourth gas is higher than the carbon dioxide concentration of the second off-gas.
  • the fourth gas is a highly concentrated carbon dioxide gas having a carbon dioxide concentration of 50% or more.
  • the second separator 24 separates carbon dioxide from the second off-gas (hydrogen off-gas).
  • the second separator 24 separates the second off-gas into hydrogen (third gas) and carbon dioxide (fourth gas).
  • the second separator 24 supplies the third gas (hydrogen) to the fuel cell 22 through the third branch path 23a.
  • the second separator 24 supplies the fourth gas (carbon dioxide) to the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 through the fourth branch path 23b. Note that the second separator 24 supplies part of the second off-gas to the carbon dioxide recovery device 40, so that the heat (exhaust heat) generated by the exothermic reaction in the fuel cell 22 is transferred to the endothermic reaction in the carbon dioxide recovery device 40. It may be used for
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 recovers carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide separated by the second separator 24) from the fourth gas, which is a part of the second off-gas.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 employs separation techniques such as adsorption separation, membrane separation, cooling separation, centrifugal separation, gravity separation, and gas-liquid separation.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 may employ one of these separation techniques, or may use a combination of two or more.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using adsorption separation separates a specific component by adsorbing it onto an adsorbent, an adsorption liquid, or the like.
  • the adsorbent include silica gel, zeolite, and activated carbon. Specifically, by adsorbing a component containing carbon dioxide on an adsorbent, this component can be separated from other components.
  • the adsorbent may be granular, powdered, etc. The granules are, for example, bead-like (spherical), pellet-like (cylindrical), and the like.
  • the adsorbent may be supported on the surface of the base material.
  • the base material may have a honeycomb shape, for example.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using adsorption separation has a function of separating carbon dioxide from an adsorbent.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 includes, for example, a heating device.
  • the heating device separates carbon dioxide from the adsorbent by heating the adsorbent.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 may include a pressure reducing device such as a pressure reducing pump.
  • the decompression device separates carbon dioxide from the adsorbent by placing the adsorbent under reduced pressure.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using membrane separation uses, for example, a permeable membrane through which low-molecular components can pass through to separate specific components from other components. Specifically, components containing hydrogen (H2) can be separated from components containing carbon dioxide using a palladium permeable membrane.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using cooling separation for example, liquefies a specific component by cooling and separates it from other components (gas). Specifically, a component containing water can be liquefied and separated from a gas containing carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using centrifugation for example, liquefies a specific component (component containing water) by cooling, and separates this component from other components (gas containing carbon dioxide) by centrifugal force.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using gravity separation for example, liquefies a specific component (component containing water) by cooling, and separates this component from other components (gas containing carbon dioxide) by gravity.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 using gas-liquid separation for example, liquefies a specific component (a component containing water) by cooling, and converts this component into other components (including carbon dioxide) by gravity, centrifugal force, surface tension, etc. gas).
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 in addition to the carbon dioxide released from the fuel cell power generation system 20, the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 also recovers carbon dioxide from another carbon dioxide recovery source.
  • Another source of carbon dioxide capture is at least one of atmospheric air, indoor air, and factory exhaust air.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 may recover only the carbon dioxide released from the fuel cell power generation system 20.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 may directly supply the recovered carbon dioxide to the co-electrolysis device 11.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 may supply the recovered carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide storage device 50.
  • the carbon dioxide storage device 50 supplies stored carbon dioxide to the co-electrolysis device 11.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 may indirectly supply the recovered carbon dioxide to the co-electrolysis device 11 via the carbon dioxide storage device 50. Note that the carbon dioxide storage device 50 may not be provided.
  • the control device 60 controls each component of the distributed methanation system 1.
  • the control device 60 controls the methane generation system 10, the fuel cell power generation system 20, the gas supply path 30, the carbon dioxide recovery device 40, and the carbon dioxide storage device 50.
  • the control device 60 includes artificial intelligence that performs machine learning on the amount of power demand and supply. Artificial intelligence predicts electricity demand and supply. Examples of the amount of power demanded include the amount of power required by the local EMS 5. Examples of the power supply amount include the power generation amount of the power generation system 2 (renewable energy power generation system). Artificial intelligence uses, for example, date and time data, weather data, etc. as input values to predict (output) the amount of power demand and supply. Note that artificial intelligence is not required.
  • the control device 60 may control the operating status of the distributed methanation system 1 based on the prediction results of the amount of power demand and supply by artificial intelligence.
  • the operational status of the distributed methanation system 1 is the ratio between resource recovery operation and power generation operation.
  • resource recovery operation refers to storing gases such as methane and carbon dioxide by, for example, generating methane or recovering carbon dioxide based on the electric power supplied from the power generation system 2. It is.
  • the power generation operation is, for example, generating electricity from methane.
  • Power generation operation is, for example, generating electricity from stored methane, or generating methane from stored carbon dioxide and generating electricity from the methane.
  • Power generation operation involves generating electricity from methane supplied from the city gas supply network 6, or generating methane from carbon dioxide supplied from the carbon dioxide supply system 4, and generating electricity from the methane. .
  • the power generated by the power generation system 2 is also referred to as first power
  • the power generated by the distributed methanation system 1 is also referred to as second power.
  • the resource recovery operation is, for example, converting the first electric power into gas (carbon dioxide or methane) and storing it.
  • the power generation operation is, for example, generating second electric power.
  • the control device 60 controls the first power supply in preparation for the shortage. It may be converted into gas and stored. In this case, for example, the control device 60 may perform different control in the first period and in the second period where the power demand is smaller than the first period.
  • the first period may be, for example, the future when power shortage is predicted.
  • the second period may be, for example, the present time in preparation for a power shortage. In the second period, the control device 60 reduces the amount of power generated by the fuel cell power generation system 20 compared to the first period.
  • the control device 60 increases the carbon dioxide recovery from the above-mentioned another carbon dioxide recovery source (at least one of the atmosphere, indoor air, and factory exhaust) compared to the first period.
  • the control device 60 prepares for a power shortage in the future (first period) as described above, the control device 60 increases the ratio of resource recovery operation and stores methane and carbon dioxide at present (second period). You can leave it there.
  • the first period and the second period include periods of several days, weeks, and months. In cases where the first period and the second period are in units of several months, and in regions such as Japan where the climate changes depending on the four seasons, the first period may be summer or winter, and the second period may be a period of several months. Examples include spring and autumn.
  • control device 60 may perform different control in the third period when the local power demand is tight and in the fourth period when the local power demand has a margin.
  • a strain on regional power demand means, for example, that the demand for power in each region is at least a first percentage of the amount of power that can be supplied to each region from the grid power source in each region (for example, 90 % or more).
  • the fact that there is sufficient power demand in the region may mean, for example, that the power demand in the region is not strained.
  • the fact that there is sufficient power demand in a region means, for example, that the power demand in each region is equal to or less than a second proportion of the amount of power that can be supplied to each region from the grid power supply in each region (for example, 50% or less).
  • the control device 60 determines whether the local power demand is tight or whether there is a margin in the local power demand by simply acquiring the determination result from the local EMS 5, for example. You may.
  • the control device 60 supplies the power supplied to the distributed methanation system 1 to the local grid power source. In addition, during the third period, the control device 60 releases the methane stored in advance to generate electricity in the fuel cell power generation system 20 and supplies it to the grid power source.
  • the control device 60 causes the methane generation system 10 to generate methane from at least a portion of the electric power supplied to the distributed methanation system 1, water, and carbon dioxide. At least a portion of the collected methane is stored in a tank. At this time, the control device 60 may supply methane to the fuel cell power generation system 20 to generate the second power.
  • control device 60 may control the amount of methane generated by the methane generation system 10 and the amount of power generated by the fuel cell power generation system 20 according to the power supply and demand situation in the local EMS 5. In this case, for example, even if the control device 60 is not equipped with artificial intelligence, by acquiring information about power supply and demand in the local EMS 5, it is possible to appropriately control, for example, the ratio between resource recovery operation and power generation operation. can.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 recovers the carbon dioxide separated by the second separator 24. Thereby, the highly concentrated carbon dioxide concentrated in the fuel cell 22 can be recovered. As a result, the cost of recovering carbon dioxide can be reduced. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide required by the methane production system 10 can be recycled.
  • a methane storage device 31 is provided in the methane generation system 10. Thereby, when the amount of power generated by the power generation system 2 is large, it is possible to store methane that is generated excessively. Furthermore, when the amount of power generated by the power generation system 2 is small, the stored methane can be used to generate power.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 is provided with a carbon dioxide storage device 50. Thereby, for example, even when the demand for electricity is low, carbon dioxide, which is a raw material for methane, can be stored by performing recovery using the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 and recovering carbon dioxide. As a result, the control range of the amount of power generation by the distributed methanation system 1 can be improved.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 In addition to the carbon dioxide released from the fuel cell power generation system 20, the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 also recovers carbon dioxide from another carbon dioxide recovery source. Therefore, the distributed methanation system 1 can have zero carbon dioxide emissions or negative carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the control device 60 controls the operating status of the distributed methanation system 1 based on the prediction results of the power demand and supply amount by artificial intelligence. This will improve the prediction accuracy of electricity demand and supply, make it possible to reduce the gap between energy demand and power generation in the entire region, and ensure stable operation of the distributed methanation system 1. can.
  • the control device 60 controls the amount of methane generated by the methane generation system 10 and the amount of power generated by the fuel cell power generation system 20 according to the power supply and demand situation in the local EMS 5. As a result, for example, the amount of mixed methane supplied from the methane generation system 10 and the methane supplied from the city gas supply network 6 is increased according to the power demand, and the amount of power generated by the fuel cell power generation system 20 is increased. etc., the driving balance can be adjusted.
  • the control device 60 reduces the amount of power generated by the fuel cell power generation system 20 compared to the first period, and increases the amount of carbon dioxide recovered from another carbon dioxide recovery source compared to the first period. This makes it possible to increase the amount of carbon dioxide recovered, which tends to be insufficient during methane production, in accordance with the power demand, even when the power demand is low. Thereby, for example, the carbon dioxide can be stored in the carbon dioxide storage device 50.
  • the control device 60 supplies the power supplied to the distributed methanation system 1 to the local power grid, and releases the methane stored in advance.
  • the fuel cell power generation system 20 generates power and supplies it to the grid power supply.
  • the control device 60 generates methane in the methane generation system 10 from at least a portion of the power supplied to the distributed methanation system 1, water, and carbon dioxide. A portion of the generated methane is stored in a tank.
  • Embodiment 2 Next, a distributed methanation system 1A according to a second embodiment will be described.
  • the basic configuration of the distributed methanation system 1A according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the explanation will focus on the different points.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 is a DAC device (Direct Air Capture device).
  • this type of carbon dioxide recovery device 40 include a DAC device that utilizes the blowing power of an air conditioner or cold/hot heat.
  • the blowing power of the air conditioner include an outdoor unit blower and an indoor unit blower.
  • the cold heat and heat of an air conditioner include cold heat and heat generated from a refrigerant during cooling operation and heating operation.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 is provided with a path switching device 70 and a carbon dioxide concentrator 80.
  • the route switching device 70 allows the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 to collect carbon dioxide from the fuel cell power generation system 20 or another carbon dioxide recovery source (at least one of the atmosphere, indoor air, and factory exhaust gas). , to switch.
  • the route switching device 70 a known configuration can be appropriately adopted, and examples thereof include a valve provided in a pipe.
  • the route switching device 70 may be controlled by the control device 60, for example.
  • the control device 60 can control the route switching device 70, for example, when increasing the amount of carbon dioxide recovered from the other carbon dioxide recovery source mentioned above.
  • a gas containing carbon dioxide recovered by the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 (hereinafter referred to as the fifth gas) is sent to the carbon dioxide concentrator 80 .
  • the carbon dioxide concentrator 80 increases the carbon dioxide concentration in the fifth gas and sends it downstream as a sixth gas.
  • the carbon dioxide concentrator 80 measures the carbon dioxide concentration of the sixth gas by a separation method such as adsorption separation, membrane separation, cooling separation, centrifugal separation, gravity separation, or gas-liquid separation. , can be increased compared to the carbon dioxide concentration of the fifth gas.
  • the sixth gas is supplied to the co-electrolysis device 11 or stored in the carbon dioxide storage device 50.
  • the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 is a DAC device that utilizes the blowing power or cold/hot heat of an air conditioner. This makes it possible to effectively utilize the blowing power, cold and heat of the air conditioner, and increase the amount of carbon dioxide recovered.
  • the route switching device 70 switches the source of carbon dioxide recovery by the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 between the fuel cell power generation system 20 and another carbon dioxide recovery source. Thereby, the recovery route can be switched between when the fuel cell power generation system 20 is activated and when it is not activated, and carbon dioxide can be recovered.
  • Embodiment 3 Next, a distributed methanation system 1B according to Embodiment 3 will be described.
  • the basic configuration of the distributed methanation system 1B according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, so the explanation will focus on the different points.
  • the distributed methanation system 1B of this embodiment further includes a storage battery 90.
  • the storage battery 90 is supplied with electric power from the power generation system 2 and is stored therein.
  • the storage battery 90 can feed the stored power to the distributed methanation system 1B.
  • the control device 60 performs different controls in the fifth period and the sixth period.
  • the fifth period is a period in which the amount of power generated by the power generation system 2 (renewable energy power generation system) is greater than the power required by the distributed methanation system 1.
  • the sixth period is a period in which the amount of power generated by the power generation system 2 is smaller than the power required by the distributed methanation system 1.
  • the control device 60 can calculate the power required in the distributed methanation system 1.
  • the control device 60 can acquire the amount of power generated by the power generation system 2 from the power generation system 2, for example.
  • the control device 60 stores (stores) surplus power from the renewable energy power generation system in the storage battery 90.
  • the control device 60 may cause the storage battery 90 to discharge, cause the methane generation system 10 to generate methane, or cause the carbon dioxide recovery device 40 to recover carbon dioxide.
  • Methane and carbon dioxide generated in the sixth period are stored in the methane storage device 31 and the carbon dioxide storage device 50, respectively.
  • the control device 60 controls the fifth During the period, surplus power from the power generation system 2 is stored in the storage battery 90.
  • the control device 60 discharges from the storage battery 90 to cause the methane generation system 10 to generate methane or perform carbon dioxide recovery during a sixth period when the power generation amount of the power generation system 2 is smaller than the power required by the distributed methanation system 1.
  • the device 40 may be used to recover carbon dioxide. This can reduce uneven power generation of renewable energy and stably supply methane and carbon dioxide.
  • control device 60 includes, for example, a computer system. Then, a program for realizing the functions of each component of the distributed methanation system 1 described above is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into a computer system and executed. By doing so, the processing in each of the configurations described above may be performed.
  • “reading a program recorded on a recording medium into a computer system and executing it” includes installing the program on the computer system.
  • the "computer system” herein includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices.
  • a "computer system” may include a plurality of computer devices connected via the Internet or a network including a communication line such as a WAN, LAN, or a dedicated line.
  • a communication line such as a WAN, LAN, or a dedicated line.
  • computer-readable recording medium refers to portable media such as flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, ROMs, and CD-ROMs, and storage devices such as hard disks built into computer systems.
  • the recording medium storing the program may be a non-transitory recording medium such as a CD-ROM.
  • the recording medium also includes a recording medium provided internally or externally that can be accessed from the distribution server to distribute the program.
  • the program may be divided into a plurality of parts, downloaded at different timings, and then combined with each component provided in the distributed methanation system 1.
  • a distribution server that distributes each of the divided programs may be used. may be different.
  • a "computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage medium that retains a program for a certain period of time, such as volatile memory (RAM) inside a computer system that is a server or client when a program is transmitted via a network. This shall also include things.
  • the above-mentioned program may be for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions.
  • it may be a so-called difference file (difference program) that can realize the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.
  • each control device 60 may be realized using hardware such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). .
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • PLD Process-Demand Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array

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JP2023505686A JP7278517B1 (ja) 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 分散型メタネーションシステム
CN202280096384.4A CN119255976A (zh) 2022-05-31 2022-05-31 分散型甲烷化系统
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