WO2023229023A1 - Agent en poudre et son procédé de production - Google Patents

Agent en poudre et son procédé de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023229023A1
WO2023229023A1 PCT/JP2023/019585 JP2023019585W WO2023229023A1 WO 2023229023 A1 WO2023229023 A1 WO 2023229023A1 JP 2023019585 W JP2023019585 W JP 2023019585W WO 2023229023 A1 WO2023229023 A1 WO 2023229023A1
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powder
lipid
particles
peg
dileucine
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PCT/JP2023/019585
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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知将 奥田
浩一 岡本
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学校法人 名城大学
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
    • A61K31/713—Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/24—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/28—Steroids, e.g. cholesterol, bile acids or glycyrrhetinic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles

Definitions

  • Inhalers which can deliver drugs directly and non-invasively to the lungs, are expected to have a rapid onset of action and have the advantage of reducing systemic side effects because they require a smaller dose than oral administration. Therefore, it is attracting attention as an administration route that can be expected not only to be a locally active drug but also to have a systemic effect with low absorption in the gastrointestinal tract (Patent Document 1).
  • Inhalants are classified into three types: metered-dose inhaler (MDI), inhalation solution, and dry powder inhaler (DPI).
  • MDI metered-dose inhaler
  • DPI dry powder inhaler
  • the drug powder is generally broken down and dispersed into the air by the patient's inhalation effort and delivered to the respiratory treatment area, so synchronization of powder spray and inhalation is easy, no propellant is required, and the inhalation technique is simple. It has the advantage that it is simple and the inhalation device is relatively small and has excellent portability.
  • DDS drug delivery system
  • the present specification provides a powder that has excellent delivery of active ingredients to the lungs during inhalation and forms lipid particles that impart DDS functionality to the active ingredients at the site of arrival.
  • the present inventors further investigated and evaluated various formulations for DPI formulations that achieve excellent pulmonary delivery, and found that in addition to the reachability and cellular penetration of active ingredients such as RNA interference agents, the retention We succeeded in discovering an ingredient that is effective in controlling these conditions. According to this specification, the following means are provided based on this knowledge.
  • a powder agent a lipid component containing a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-lipid conjugate; Leucine and/or dileucine; A powder containing constituent particles containing.
  • the lipid component further includes 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTMA), 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-dimelaminopropane (DODMA), and 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTMA).
  • DOTMA 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-trimethylammoniumpropane
  • DODMA 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-dimelaminopropane
  • DOTMA 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-trimethylammoniumpropane
  • DPPC palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine
  • EPC egg-derived phosphatidylcholine
  • SM sphingomyelin
  • [5] The powder agent according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the constituent particles are porous spherical particles.
  • MSLI multi-stage liquid impinger
  • the powder according to any one of [1] to [10] which contains an RNA interference agent as an active ingredient.
  • a method for producing a powder comprising: preparing a liquid containing an active ingredient, a lipid component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate, and leucine and/or dileucine; Drying the liquid by a spray drying method or a spray freeze drying method to produce a powder containing the active ingredient, the PEG-lipid conjugate, and the leucine and/or dileucine; Equipped with The manufacturing method, wherein the powder is a powder containing constituent particles that form a large number of lipid particles in an aqueous suspension of the powder.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the formulation of the powder prepared in Example 1 (spray freeze-drying method) and the physical properties of lipid particles produced after dissolution.
  • LNP in the table is an abbreviation for lipid particle.
  • * indicates the lipid component content (w/w) in the powder particles
  • ** indicates the mixing ratio (v/v) of water and organic solvent in the component solution.
  • SFD microparticles and SD microparticles with the same # number in the product name have the same composition.
  • SFD#3, SFD#3', SFD#3'', SD#3, and SD#3' have the same composition, but differ in the concentration of component solutions or the mixing ratio of water and organic solvent.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the formulation of the powder prepared in Example 1 (spray drying method) and the physical properties of lipid particles produced after dissolution.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a SEM image of constituent particles of the powder preparation prepared in Example 1 and a constituent particle addition device.
  • 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating the evaluation results of the inhalation characteristics of the constituent particles of the powder preparation prepared in Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the cell binding and uptake amount of lipid particles generated after dissolving constituent particles of a powder.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the formulation of the powder prepared in Example 6 (spray freeze-drying method and spray drying method) and the physical properties of lipid particles generated after dissolution.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the observation results of the shape of constituent particles of the powder preparation prepared in Example 6.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing evaluation results of gene silencing effect and cytotoxicity of lipid particles loaded with siRNA (RNA interference agent).
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the evaluation results of cell binding/uptake ability of siRNA-loaded lipid particles.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the inhalation characteristics of the powder prepared in Example 6.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the evaluation results of the intrapulmonary distribution of siRNA after administration of the powder prepared in Example 6 into the lungs of mice.
  • the disclosure of this specification relates to a powder agent (hereinafter also simply referred to as the agent) and a method for producing the same.
  • This agent is generally intended for medicinal use.
  • the constituent particles of this drug contain a predetermined lipid component and leucine and/or dileucine, so they have excellent ability to reach the lungs, and dissolve (wet) at the site where they reach, for example, a large number of nano-level particles. Generate lipid particles. Therefore, this drug can cause lipid particles to reach the target site in the lungs or to remain there.
  • this agent can effectively incorporate lipid particles and/or active ingredients into cells by lipid particles generated in the presence of water in vivo. Additionally, the lipid particles can retain the lipid particles and/or the active ingredient at the target site.
  • RNA interference agent-loaded lipid particles with a small and uniform particle size can be formed. Furthermore, by employing a PEG-cholesterol conjugate as the PEG-lipid conjugate, RNA interference agent-loaded lipid particles with excellent gene silencing effects and cell binding/uptake abilities can be formed. Furthermore, according to this drug containing an RNA interference agent, when inhaled into the lungs, it dissolves and deposits in the lungs to form lipid particles loaded with the RNA interference agent, improving the stability and retention of the RNA interference agent. do.
  • RNA interference agent-loaded lipid particles with a smaller particle size and uniformity can be formed. Furthermore, by employing the SFD method, it is possible to obtain a powder that has excellent lung delivery properties even with a high content of RNA interference agent/lipid components.
  • the particles included in this drug can potentially contain lipid particles, and the lipid particles can be used to achieve an effective DDS function by inhaling air into the lungs. Moreover, when this agent is introduced into a living body, the reachability, intracellular transfer, and retention of the active ingredient can be controlled by lipid particles generated in the presence of water.
  • an inhalable powder that has excellent ability to reach the lungs and has particles that dissolve at the site of arrival to produce a large number of lipid particles can be easily produced. can do.
  • the powder agent disclosed herein contains particles (constituent particles).
  • the constituent particles can take the form of a powder or the like as a whole. This agent can contain an active ingredient in some of these constituent particles.
  • the constituent components, various properties, etc. of this agent will be explained below, and then the manufacturing method of this agent will be explained.
  • composition of this drug The agent is suspended in an aqueous medium such as water or a buffer (eg, a biocompatible phosphate buffered saline, a HEPES buffer (pH 7.4), etc.) to produce lipid particles.
  • a buffer eg, a biocompatible phosphate buffered saline, a HEPES buffer (pH 7.4), etc.
  • the present agent can contain, for example, a lipid component capable of functioning as a lipid particle called a liposome or the like, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • lipid component As the lipid component contained in this agent, one or more types selected from cationic lipids and non-cationic lipids may be used.
  • Cationic lipids are advantageous in that they can facilitate uptake of lipid particles into cells.
  • known cationic lipids can be used, such as 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTMA), 1,2-dioleyloxy-3-dimelamino Propane (DODMA), 1,2-dioleyl-3-trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTAP), 1,2-dioleyl-3-dimethylammoniumpropane (DODAP), 3 ⁇ -(N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethane) ) carbamoyl) cholesterol (DC-Chol), N,N-distearyl-N,N-dimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), N-(1,2-dimyristyloxyprop-3-yl)-N,N-dimethyl -N-Hydroxyethylammonium bromide (DMRI), N
  • DDAB 1,2-dimyr
  • cationic lipids When these cationic lipids are combined with a PEG-lipid conjugate and are formed into lipid particles in vivo, they may be able to quickly contribute to the cellular uptake of the lipid particles and/or the active ingredient within the lipid particles. be. Among these, for example, either or both of DOTMA and DODMA can be used. In some cases, it may be preferable to use DOTMA alone.
  • DOTMA DOTMA alone.
  • the above cationic lipids and other cationic lipids may be salts with acid groups such as chlorine ions. In this agent, for example, a cationic lipid can be used as a predominant lipid component among all lipid components.
  • the content of the cationic lipid is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less based on the total amount of lipid components. Within this range, the above effects of cationic lipids are effective.
  • the cationic lipid is, for example, 40% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, for example, 40% by mass or more and 65% by mass or less, and for example, 40% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less.
  • the content of cationic lipid is, for example, 3% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, for example, 4% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, and for example, 4% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the drug. % or more and 20% by mass or less.
  • Non-cationic lipid As the non-cationic lipid, known non-cationic lipids such as zwitterionic lipids can be used, such as 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), egg-derived phosphatidylcholine, etc. (EPC), phosphatidyl cholinelipids such as 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE), etc. Examples include sphingolipids such as ethanolamine lipids and sphingomyelin (SM).
  • DPPC 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine
  • EPC egg-derived phosphatidylcholine, etc.
  • DPPE 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
  • non-cationic lipids When combined with a PEG-lipid conjugate, these non-cationic lipids have a DDS function that improves the sustained release or retention of active ingredients when they are formed into lipid particles in vivo, such as on airway epithelium. You may be able to contribute.
  • non-cationic lipids may be used as the predominant lipid component among the total lipid components.
  • the content of the non-cationic lipid is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, 30% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less based on the total amount of lipid components. Within this range, the above effects of cationic lipids are effective.
  • the non-cationic lipid is, for example, 40% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less, for example, 40% by mass or more and 65% by mass or less, and for example, 40% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less.
  • the content of non-cationic lipids is, for example, 3% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, for example, 4% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less, and for example, It can be set to 20% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
  • PEG-lipid conjugate This agent can use known PEG-lipid conjugates as the complex lipid, but for example, in addition to various PEG-cholesterol conjugates, PEG-phospholipid conjugates such as PEG-DSPE (especially non-cationic PEG-diacylglycerol conjugates such as PEG-DMG (dimyristoylglycerol) can be used.
  • PEG-DSPE especially non-cationic PEG-diacylglycerol conjugates such as PEG-DMG (dimyristoylglycerol)
  • PEG-DMG diristoylglycerol
  • PEG-cholesterol conjugates include those in which PEG and lipid are directly bonded.
  • the molecular weight of PEG is also not particularly limited, but can be appropriately selected within the range of, for example, 500 to 10,000.
  • a PEG conjugate with a number average molecular weight of 1,500 to 2,500 may be effective for the intracellular transfer of lipid particles and/or active ingredients.
  • even a PEG conjugate having a number average molecular weight of 4,000 to 6,000 may be effective for the intracellular transfer of lipid particles and/or active ingredients.
  • PEG-lipid conjugates such as PEG-DSPE and PEG-DMG may have, for example, a glycerol skeleton. It can contribute to the retention effect of the active ingredient.
  • the content of such a PEG-lipid conjugate is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less based on the total amount of lipid components. This is because within this range, various conjugates are effective in exerting their respective effects. Further, for example, the content is 15% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less, and for example, 20% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. In addition, the content of the PEG-lipid conjugate is, for example, 2% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and, for example, 2.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the drug. For example, it is 3% by mass or more and 13% by mass or less.
  • lipid components As other lipid components, various known lipids that contribute to the formation of lipid particles such as liposomes can be used. For example, cholesterol, dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), etc. can be used. These other lipid components can contribute to in-vivo stability and endosomal escape of lipid particles and the like.
  • DOPE dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine
  • the content of other lipids is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less based on the total amount of lipid components. This is because within this range, it can contribute to the above-mentioned effects. Further, for example, the content is 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, and for example, 15% by mass or more and 25% by mass or less. In addition, the content of other lipids is, for example, 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and for example, 1% by mass or more and 5% by mass, based on the total amount of this drug. % or less, and for example, from 1% by mass to 3% by mass.
  • the total amount of lipid components in this drug is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, and, for example, 7% by mass or more and 50% by mass, based on the total amount of this drug. For example, it is 8% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.
  • the agent may further contain an excipient.
  • the excipient is not particularly limited, for example, leucine and dileucine, which is a dipeptide, can be used.
  • leucine or dileucine By using leucine or dileucine, even if the amount of the lipid component is increased, it is possible to suppress the increase in the average particle diameter of the lipid particles when the spherical particles are dissolved in water, and maintain the range of, for example, 50 nm to 250 nm. , PdI can produce lipid particles with a uniform particle size and a low value.
  • leucine and/or dileucine it may be possible to enhance the cell binding/uptake properties of lipid particles.
  • L-leucine and/or D-leucine can be used as leucine and dileucine.
  • L-leucine and L-leucine dipeptides can be used.
  • the content of leucine or dileucine is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and, for example, 10% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the drug. , or 10% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less.
  • This drug can contain active ingredients.
  • the content of the active ingredient is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less based on the total amount of the agent.
  • the active ingredient is not particularly limited as long as it can be used in the spray drying method and spray freeze drying method described below, and is generally an organic compound.
  • the active ingredient may be, for example, an active ingredient for treatment or prevention of diseases related to the lungs, or an active ingredient for treatment or prevention that is intended to be administered systemically through the bloodstream through the lungs. It may be.
  • This drug reaches the lungs and dissolves on the spot to generate lipid particles, which can be taken into cells or the bloodstream via the lipid particles. Therefore, any active ingredient that can be encapsulated by lipid particles can be used. I can do it.
  • Nucleic acids include natural nucleic acids that are polymers of naturally occurring deoxyribonucleotides and/or ribonucleotides and non-natural nucleic acids that are polymers that include deoxyribonucleotides and/or ribonucleotides that have at least a non-natural structure. I can do it. Natural deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides contain natural bases. Natural bases are those found in natural DNA and RNA and include adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.
  • the phosphoric acid at the 5-position of the 2-deoxyribose and/or ribose and the 3' hydroxyl group of the adjacent deoxyribose and/or ribose form a phosphate diester bond. It has a skeleton connected by.
  • the natural nucleic acid may be DNA, RNA, or a chimera of deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides (hereinafter also referred to as a DNA/RNA chimera).
  • DNA and RNA may each be single-stranded, double-stranded of the same type, or a hybrid of DNA and RNA hybridized.
  • DNA/RNA chimera may be a hybrid hybridized with DNA, RNA, or a DNA/RNA chimera.
  • a non-natural nucleic acid refers to a nucleic acid that has a non-natural structure in at least a portion of either the base or the backbone (sugar moiety and phosphate moiety).
  • Various non-natural bases are known as non-natural bases.
  • various skeletons that can replace the natural ribose phosphate skeleton are also provided. Examples include glycol nucleic acids, peptide nucleic acids, and the like having about 3 carbon atoms instead of a sugar-ribose skeleton.
  • natural nucleic acids are L-DNA or L-RNA, but non-natural nucleic acids include nucleic acids that have at least a portion of the structure of D-DNA and D-RNA.
  • Non-natural nucleic acids also include various forms such as single-stranded, double-stranded, hybrid, and chimeric.
  • This type of non-natural nucleic acid is generally not a coding strand that encodes a protein or a template strand, but has other functions, such as interacting with a certain type of nucleic acid within a cell to change the function of that nucleic acid. It is used for such things. Typically, it is used to express a function of inhibiting the expression or function of a target protein. Examples include nucleic acids that act directly on in vivo nucleic acids without mediating gene expression, and specific examples include antisense nucleic acids, sense nucleic acids, shRNAs, siRNAs, decoy nucleic acids, aptamers, miRNAs, and the like. This type of non-natural nucleic acid is often an oligonucleotide in which about ten to several dozen nucleotides are polymerized.
  • nucleic acid for example, when this agent is intended for gene expression, a nucleic acid construct (non-viral vector) using a plasmid can be mentioned. Furthermore, for example, when suppressing gene expression is intended, non-viral vectors such as plasmid DNA encoding shRNA can be used.
  • the form of the nucleic acid is not particularly limited, and may be linear, circular (closed or open ring), or supercoiled. It can be provided with a form depending on the purpose.
  • the shape of the constituent particles contained in this agent can be observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • platinum coating is applied as necessary to make it suitable for SEM observation, and observation is performed.
  • the component particle addition device and the spraying method for example, those used in the examples described later can be employed.
  • the shape of the constituent particles is not particularly limited, but for example, in consideration of dispersibility, it may be preferable to have a spherical shape. Further, in consideration of dispersibility, swelling property, etc., it may be preferable to be porous.
  • the constituent particles are, for example, porous spherical particles.
  • Porous spherical particles have, for example, a large number of continuous pores (hollow parts) generated by sublimation of water, and adjacent pores have partition walls and/or mesh-like pores made of components such as lipid components and excipients. It has a three-dimensional structure divided by a skeleton. Such partition walls or skeletons are observed, for example, in the form of pleats or networks on the surface of spherical particles in the SEM.
  • Such constituent particles may be produced, for example, by a spray freeze-drying method when producing the present drug.
  • constituent particles can also take the form of spherical particles with generally smooth surfaces.
  • the spherical particles in this case may or may not be porous.
  • Such constituent particles may be produced, for example, by a spray drying method using dileucine when producing the present agent.
  • constituent particles can also take the form of wrinkled particles whose surfaces are rich in irregularities.
  • Such constituent particles may be produced, for example, by a spray freeze-drying method when producing the present drug.
  • it may be produced using leucine instead of dileucine.
  • the average particle diameter of the constituent particles contained in this drug can be determined by, for example, using a scanning electron microscope, setting an observation field that contains 10 to 20 constituent particles, observing their diameters across the field, and determining the average value. I can do it.
  • the average particle diameter of the constituent particles of the present agent is not particularly limited, but in consideration of dispersibility, it can be, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, or 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less, or 1 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness can be, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 40 ⁇ m or less, 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, etc. Further, for example, according to the spray drying method described below, the thickness can be set to, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • This drug is delivered to the respiratory tract by inhalation (gas flow during suction from the oral cavity to the bronchi), and its characteristics in that case (inhalation characteristics), In other words, the dispersibility and delivery properties of this drug can be evaluated. Although dispersibility and deliverability are independent properties, they are interrelated.
  • MSLI evaluation method using multi-stage liquid impinger
  • the MSLI method refers to the method described in 17th Edition Japanese Pharmacopoeia 1st Supplement General Test Methods 6.15 Aerodynamic Particle Size Measurement Method for Inhalants 5.1 Multi-Stage Liquid Impinger Method (Apparatus 1). Use measuring equipment. A pre-separator can be used as appropriate.
  • the outline of the measuring device and the measuring method can be based on the above general test method.
  • the evaluation of this drug by the MSLI method can be carried out in accordance with the procedure for measuring inhalation powder in 5.1.2 of the above general test method 5.1 Multi-stage liquid impinger method (apparatus 1).
  • OE Output Efficiency: %), which is the emission rate from the device, FPF (%) (collection rate of particles equivalent to 5 ⁇ m or less), and UPF (%) (Ultrafine Particle Fraction) (collection rate of particles equivalent to 2 ⁇ m or less) ) is the above general test method 6.15 Aerodynamic particle size determination method for inhalants 6. Based on calculations, each is calculated using the following formulas (1) to (3).
  • OE (%) Recovery amount T/Total recovery amount x 100 (1) (However, the collected amount T is the collected amount from the throat onward.)
  • FPF (%) Collection amount of particles corresponding to 5 ⁇ m or less */Total collection x 100
  • UPF (%) Collection amount of particles equivalent to 2 ⁇ m or less ** / Total collection amount x 100 (3)
  • OE is an index of dispersibility
  • FPF is an index of intrapulmonary delivery
  • UPF is an index value of deep lung delivery.
  • This drug can have, for example, an OE of 80% or more in the inhalation characteristics evaluation using the MSLI method. This is because when it is 80% or more, it can be said that the release rate is good.
  • the OE is, for example, 85% or more, 90% or more, or 95% or more.
  • this drug can have an FPF of 10% or more, for example, 15% or more, or 20% or more, or 25% or more, in the inhalation characteristics evaluation using the MSLI method. , for example, 30% or more, or, for example, 40% or more. For example, it can be said that the larger the value, the better the lung delivery rate. Note that, depending on the active ingredients and uses of the inhalable powder, an FPF of 10% or more may be sufficient.
  • this drug has a UPF of, for example, 10% or more, 15% or more, 20% or more, 25% or more, or 30% or more in the inhalation property evaluation using the MSLI method. % or more. This is because it can be said that the larger the value, the better the deep lung delivery rate. Note that depending on the active ingredients and uses of the inhalable powder, a UPF of 10% or less, for example, 5% or less, or, for example, 1% or less may be sufficient.
  • the water-insoluble lipid component can form lipid particles that are finer than the constituent particles contained in the agent.
  • an average particle size of 400 nm or less can be obtained.
  • a polydispersity index (PdI) of 0.420 or less can be obtained.
  • the particle size distribution of lipid particles determined by dynamic light scattering was determined using Zetasizer Nano manufactured by Malvern after stirring and standing for 30 minutes at a suspension concentration of 0.2 mg/mL as the concentration of lipid components in the powder. It can be obtained by measuring using ZS. Note that the average particle size and particle size distribution by the dynamic light scattering method can be obtained based on the diffusion coefficient using an autocorrelation function obtained by software attached to this device.
  • the average particle diameter is, for example, 50 nm or more, 60 nm or more, 70 nm or more, 80 nm or more, and 90 nm or more.
  • the average particle size is also, for example, 300 nm or less, such as 280 nm or less, such as 260 nm or less, such as 240 nm or less, such as 220 nm or less, and such as 200 nm or less.
  • it is 180 nm or less, for example, 170 nm or less, for example, 160 nm or less, and for example, 140 nm or less.
  • the range of the average particle diameter can be appropriately selected and set from the above lower and upper limits, and is, for example, 60 nm or more and 280 nm or less, and also, for example, 60 nm or more and 260 nm or less, and for example, 60 nm or more and 240 nm or less. etc.
  • PdI is also, for example, 0.400 or less, for example, 0.390 or less, for example, 0.380 or less, and for example, 0.370 or less.
  • This agent can be manufactured by a spray drying method or a spray freeze drying method. By employing such a manufacturing method, it is possible to easily obtain this drug which has excellent lung reach and contains particles that form lipid particles when dissolved in water or when wet. From the viewpoints of formation of spherical porous particles, cell membrane binding/intracellular uptake, and high content of lipid components, it may be advantageous to produce this agent by spray freeze-drying.
  • the manufacturing method of this drug includes, for example, a step of preparing a liquid containing an active ingredient, a lipid component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate, and leucine and/or dileucine, and spray-drying or spray-freezing this liquid.
  • the method may include a step of producing a powder containing an active ingredient, a component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate, and leucine and/or dileucine by drying by a drying method.
  • a powder is obtained by a spray drying method or a spray freeze drying method, the powder is a powder containing constituent particles that form a large number of lipid particles in an aqueous suspension of the powder.
  • the liquid to be subjected to the spray drying method or the spray freeze drying method contains an active ingredient, a lipid component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate, and leucine and/or dileucine, and these are uniformly dispersed or It is sufficient if it is dissolved.
  • the lipid component may be finely and uniformly dispersed even if it is not dissolved.
  • a lipid component is mixed with a liquid dissolved in a solvent that dissolves the lipid component and a liquid dissolved in a solvent that dissolves an excipient such as leucine and/or dileucine, and then sprayed. It may also include making it into a liquid for use. In this way, a homogeneous liquid for spraying can be prepared.
  • the solvent for dissolving the lipid component is preferably an organic solvent that is miscible with water. This is because when leucine and/or dileucine is dissolved in water, a uniform mixture with the leucine and/or dileucine solution can be prepared.
  • organic solvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, 2-propanol, and tert-butyl alcohol, and acetonitrile.
  • the solvent for dissolving dileucine it may be preferable to use water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent that is miscible with water.
  • Such an organic solvent has the same meaning as an organic solvent in a solvent for dissolving a lipid component.
  • the active ingredient can be dissolved in a solution of either the lipid component and leucine and/or dileucine.
  • they can be dissolved in the same or other solvents that are miscible with the solvents used for these solutions, and mixed with solutions of other components.
  • the mixing ratio of water and organic solvent in the final spraying liquid is, for example, 9:1 to 1:9, or 9:1 to 3:7, or 9:1 to 3:7. 4:6, or, for example, can be appropriately set in the range of 9:1 to 5:5.
  • compositions of the lipid components and leucine and/or dileucine in each solution are not particularly limited, and may be within the composition ranges described above.
  • concentrations of these components are also adjusted to a final concentration suitable for use in spray drying or spray freeze drying.
  • the total amount of the active ingredient, lipid component, and excipient such as leucine and/or dileucine is, for example, 5 to 100 mg/mL, depending on the content of the lipid component and excipient, and the type of solvent. It can be appropriately set in the range of 5 to 80 mg/mL, for example 5 to 50 mg/mL, further for example 5 to 30 mg/mL, further for example 5 to 25 mg/mL.
  • the drying step of pulverizing this liquid by a spray drying method or a spray freeze drying method can be carried out according to a conventionally known spray drying method or a spray freeze drying method.
  • this drug prescribed lipid components and dileucine are used, so by powdering it according to the conventional method, this drug has excellent lung delivery and contains particles that form a large number of lipid particles when dissolved in water. can be easily obtained.
  • This agent can be used for various purposes such as medical use depending on the active ingredient.
  • this drug can be applied to organs that can be accessed from the outside using a catheter or the like non-invasively or almost non-invasively in animals including humans, such as the nasal cavity, eyes, oral cavity, respiratory tract, lungs, stomach, duodenum, etc.
  • the active ingredient can be delivered to the target area by injecting this drug through an appropriate gas. can.
  • the supply of a powder to the lung mucosa or nasal mucosa is well known as an inhalation method.
  • the agent may be directly supplied to the inside of the animal, for example, subcutaneously, into the muscle, into the abdominal cavity, into a lesion such as a tumor, etc., through laparotomy or incision.
  • this agent it is also possible to adopt methods such as transplanting it inside the target tissue, on its surface, or in its vicinity.
  • the agent can also be supported on the surface of a gel-like material, a porous body such as a sponge, a nonwoven fabric, and the like.
  • the agent exhibits sufficient effects even if it is dissolved before use.
  • the agent can be suspended or dissolved in an aqueous medium such as water, physiological saline, a buffer, a glucose solution, or a culture medium to prepare a redissolved product and then applied.
  • an aqueous medium such as water, physiological saline, a buffer, a glucose solution, or a culture medium.
  • redissolution the agent is suspended or diluted using an aqueous medium such as water. Since a different amount and type of solvent can be used than before freeze-drying, relatively high concentration suspensions and solutions, which have been difficult to prepare in the past, can be easily prepared.
  • the present agent dissolved or suspended in an appropriate liquid medium can be prepared using any method commonly used for introducing nucleic acids or derivatives thereof into living cells.
  • a powder agent a lipid component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate; Leucine and/or dileucine; A powder containing constituent particles containing.
  • the powder agent according to [1] wherein the constituent particles produce a large number of lipid particles in an aqueous suspension of the particles.
  • the lipid component is further one or more selected from the group consisting of DOTMA, DODMA, DPPC, EPC, and SM, or one or more selected from salts thereof; [ 1] or the powder according to [2].
  • the porous spherical particles are three-dimensional porous bodies including partition walls and/or skeletons that define continuous pores.
  • the lipid particles have an average particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less, as measured by a dynamic light scattering method for a suspension obtained by suspending the particles in water or a buffer solution, [1]
  • MSLI multi-stage liquid impinger
  • a method for producing a powder comprising: preparing a liquid containing an active ingredient, a lipid component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate, and leucine and/or dileucine; Drying the liquid by a spray drying method or a spray freeze drying method to produce a powder containing the active ingredient, the PEG-lipid conjugate, and the leucine and/or dileucine; Equipped with The manufacturing method, wherein the powder is a powder containing constituent particles that form a large number of lipid particles in an aqueous suspension of the powder.
  • a powder agent an RNA interference agent; a lipid component containing a PEG-lipid conjugate; Leucine and/or dileucine; A powder containing constituent particles containing.
  • the porous spherical particles are three-dimensional porous bodies including partition walls and/or skeletons that define continuous pores.
  • the powder agent according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the constituent particles have an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • the lipid particles have an average particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less, as measured by a dynamic light scattering method for a suspension obtained by suspending the particles in water or a buffer solution, [1]
  • the powder agent according to any one of ⁇ [8].
  • MSLI multi-stage liquid impinger
  • the powder according to any one of [1] to [10] which has an FPF (%) of 10% or more in characteristic evaluation by MSLI.
  • an inhalable powder was manufactured by spray freeze-drying (SFD) and spray drying (FD) using the lipid components and excipients shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • SFD spray freeze-drying
  • FD spray drying
  • NBD-DPPE nitrobenzoxadiazolated phospholipid
  • PDEX dexamethasone palmitate
  • the usage amounts of various components shown in Figures 1 and 2 were as follows.
  • the total amount was set to 50 mg and 100 mg, respectively.
  • the spraying liquid was prepared as follows.
  • the PEG derivative the following PEG-lipid conjugate was used.
  • conjugates with a PEG Mn of 2000 were used, except for SFD #12, in which a conjugate with a PEG Mn of 5000 was used.
  • the SFD method was performed as follows. That is, the SFD method consists of two steps: a spraying step and a freeze-drying step. First, using a two-fluid spray nozzle attached to a spray dryer (SD-1000, Tokyo Rikakikai Co., Ltd.), the sample solution was rapidly sprayed at 150 kPa into liquid nitrogen (500 mL) 15 cm below the nozzle tip. Frozen. The sample solution was fed at a rate of 5 mL/min, and spraying was continued for 1.5 min.
  • the obtained ice droplets were placed in a square dry chamber (DRC-1000 Tokyo Rikakikai Co., Ltd.) connected to a freeze dryer (FDU-210 Tokyo Rikakikai Co., Ltd.) and dried at -40°C for 24 hours or more under vacuum conditions, then The desired formulation was obtained by drying at 25° C. for 12 hours or more.
  • the SD method was performed as follows. That is, the SD method consists of two steps: a spraying step and a drying step. First, a nebulizer (Medium) was attached to the spray head attached to a spray dryer (B-90HP, Nihon Buchi), and the inlet temperature was set to 90°C and the gas flow rate was set to 120 L/min. .
  • a nebulizer Medium
  • B-90HP Nihon Buchi
  • the inlet temperature was set to 90°C and the gas flow rate was set to 120 L/min.
  • Example 1 Evaluation of physical properties of lipid particles after dissolving powder
  • the various powders prepared in Example 1 were dissolved in water to a lipid concentration of 0.2 mg/mL, and after standing for 30 minutes, the particle size distribution and zeta potential of the particles in the liquid were measured using dynamic and electrical methods. It was measured by electrophoretic light scattering method (Zetasizer Nano ZS manufactured by Malvern). Note that the average particle size and particle size distribution obtained by the dynamic light scattering method can be obtained based on the diffusion coefficient using the autocorrelation function obtained from the measurement results using software attached to this apparatus.
  • the standard values were 300 nm as the average particle diameter and 0.42 as the polydispersity index (PdI), and when both analytical values were below the standard values, it was determined that the sample had "good ability to form lipid particles.” The results are also shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the average particle diameter is 80 to 150 nm and the PdI is 0.170 to 0.400, which are generally below the standard values, and regardless of the type of main lipid, it is a good product. Lipid particle forming ability was obtained. Furthermore, there were no clear differences in the average particle diameter and PdI with respect to the type of PEG derivative (PEG-lipid conjugate), the concentration of the component solution, and the solvent composition. When comparing SFD constituent particles and SD constituent particles of the same composition, the average particle diameter and PdI of the lipid particles formed were similar. On the other hand, the zeta potential showed -35 to +60 mV corresponding to the charge of the main lipid, confirming that various lipid particles with different surface charges could be formed.
  • powders (SFD#3'', 7-11; SD#3', 7-11) were manufactured by changing the type of excipient and lipid component content while fixing the lipid component, and forming after dissolution.
  • the physical properties of lipid particles were compared.
  • SFD-derived particles when leucine was used as an excipient, both the average particle diameter and PdI were below the standard values up to a lipid component content of 20%, but when the lipid component content reached 40%, the average particle size and PdI decreased. Both the particle diameter and PdI exceeded the standard values, and it was determined that the ability to form lipid particles had been lost.
  • Example 1 Evaluation of particle shape by scanning electron microscope of powder agent
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • Example 1 The particle shape of the powder particles prepared in Example 1 was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM: JSM-IT100LA, JEOL Ltd.).
  • Spraying was performed using the component particle addition device for dispersion addition shown in FIG.
  • As for the spraying method 0.25 mL of air was compressed in a 1 mL syringe (TERUMO) connected via a three-way connection to a 100 ⁇ L tip filled with a small amount of the prepared powder, and the three-way stopcock was opened.
  • TERUMO 1 mL syringe
  • Example 1 Evaluation of inhalation characteristics of powder by MSLI
  • performance evaluation was performed on SFD #7, #10, and #11, which were able to form lipid particles exhibiting good physical properties even with a relatively high content of lipid components.
  • MSLI Multi-Stage Liquid Impinger, Copley Scientific
  • lipids can be used as lipid components in both the SFD method and SD method studied when developing an inhalation powder that constructs intrapulmonary lipid particles. . Furthermore, based on the results that the cellular binding/uptake ability of lipid particles varied greatly depending on the charge of the lipid, it was found that the application of cationic lipids increased the intracellular transferability of the encapsulated drug. Furthermore, we have found that by applying PEG-Chol as a PEG derivative and dileucine as an excipient, the cell binding/uptake ability of lipid particles containing cationic lipids can be further improved.
  • the sponge-like constituent particles produced by the SFD method using dileucine have lung delivery properties that are equivalent to or better than existing commercially available inhalation powders, good lipid particle formation ability, and high cell binding / The usefulness of demonstrating uptake ability was clarified.
  • siRNA siGL3 or fluorescently labeled siGL3 (Cy5.5-siGL3), manufactured by Hokkaido System Science Co., Ltd.
  • excipient dileucine (also called diLeu)
  • leucine also referred to as Leu
  • DOTMA lipid component
  • DODMA DODMA
  • PEG derivatives PEG derivatives
  • cholesterol Chol
  • the mixed solution was quickly frozen by spraying it into liquid nitrogen (500 mL) 15 cm below the nozzle tip at 150 kPa. .
  • the sample solution was fed at a rate of 5 mL/min, and spraying was continued for 60 seconds when the volume of the mixed solution was 2.5 mL, and for 90 seconds when the volume was 5 mL.
  • the obtained ice droplets were placed in a rectangular dry chamber (DRC-1000 Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.) connected to a freeze dryer (FDU-210 Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.) and continuously heated at -40°C for 24 h or more under vacuum conditions.
  • the desired powder was obtained by drying at 25° C. for 12 hours or more.
  • As the PEG derivative a conjugate of PEG with Mn of 5000 was used.
  • siRNA siGL3 or fluorescently labeled siGL3 (Cy5.5-siGL3)
  • excipient dileucine or leucine
  • lipid component DOTMA, DODMA
  • PEG derivative, Chol PEG derivative, Chol
  • the experiment was conducted as follows. Each powder was dissolved in 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4) so that the siRNA/lipid concentration was 0.2 mg/mL, and after standing for 30 minutes, the siRNA-loaded lipid particles (siRNA-LNP) in the solution were dissolved. Particle size distribution and zeta potential were measured by dynamic electrophoretic light scattering (Zetasizer Nano ZS manufactured by Malvern). The standard values were 300 nm as the average particle diameter and 0.4 as the polydispersity index (PdI), and when both analytical values were below the standard values, it was determined that the sample had "good ability to form lipid particles.” The results are shown in FIG.
  • siRNA-LNP No clear difference in the physical properties of siRNA-LNP was observed depending on the presence or absence of Cy5.5 chemical modification to siRNA and the chemical structure of the lipophilic portion of the PEG derivative. Almost similar results were obtained with leucine and dileucine, but under the condition with the highest siRNA/lipid content (dileucine/leucine #4), dileucine had a higher average particle diameter and PdI value of siRNA-LNP. was small, suggesting the superiority of dileucine in preparing siRNA/high lipid content formulations.
  • Example 6 In vitro gene silencing effect and cytotoxicity of siRNA-loaded lipid particles formed by dissolving powder
  • luciferase-expressing human lung cancer cells A549-Luc cells
  • luciferin and Alamar Blue reagent were added at a predetermined time, and the luminescence corresponding to luciferase expression and the fluorescence (excitation wavelength: 465 nm, fluorescence wavelength: 600 nm) due to reaction with the Alamar Blue reagent were measured using an in vivo imaging system ( Detection and intensity analysis were performed using IVIS, Perkinelmer). Based on the obtained luminescence/fluorescence intensity, Gene expression and Cell viability were calculated using the following formulas. The results are shown in FIG.
  • the obtained supernatant was added to a microplate, and fluorescence derived from Cy5.5 was detected and intensity analyzed using a fluorescence image analyzer (Amersham Typhoonscanner 5 system, GE Healthcare). Subsequently, this supernatant was subjected to denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and a band corresponding to Cy5.5-siGL3 in the gel was detected using a fluorescent image analyzer in the same manner. The presence of Cy5.5-siGL3 was confirmed. For comparison, a solution of Cy5.5-siGL3 alone (naked siRNA) was also added and evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in FIG.
  • the fluorescence intensity of the measurement sample (cell lysate) ( Figure 9(a)) and the band density in the electrophoretic image ( Figure 9(b)) were correlated to some extent. It was determined that the difference in intensity reflects the difference in the dynamics of Cy5.5-siGL3 itself (the influence of fluorescence derived from decomposition products or dissociated Cy5.5 is small). Compared to naked siRNA, the fluorescence intensity was higher in the siRNA-LNP addition group formed from each powder, suggesting that the cell binding/uptake ability of siRNA was increased by lipid particle formation.
  • the fluorescence intensity is higher in the order of "PEG-Chol > PEG-DMG > PEG-DSPE" (comparison of leucine #2', #9', #10'), and as a result of gene silencing effect in cultured cells ( Since this corresponds to Fig. 8), it is considered that the difference in the gene silencing effect was caused by the difference in the cell binding/uptake ability of siRNA-LNP depending on the PEG derivative. It was confirmed that when dileucine was used as an excipient like leucine, siRNA-LNPs with similarly high fluorescence intensity and excellent cell binding/uptake ability were formed.
  • the fluorescence intensity of the dileucine preparation was lower than that of the leucine preparation (leucine #3') with the same siRNA/lipid content, but this difference is due to the difference in fluorescence intensity during siRNA-LNP formation (same Cy5. Comparing the fluorescence intensity of the powder solution with 5-siGL3 concentration, it seems that this is due to the fact that dileucine #3 has a lower fluorescence intensity.
  • the concentration of fluorescein sodium was determined using a multimode plate reader (EnSpire, PerkinElmer Japan Co., Ltd.) to quantify the amount (excitation wavelength: 490 nm, fluorescence wavelength: 515 nm), and calculate the recovery amount and recovery rate for each part. Dilution and quantification were performed as necessary.
  • RNA extracts prepared from the excised lungs
  • a band corresponding to Cy5.5-siGL3 in the gel was detected using a fluorescence image analyzer. The presence of Cy5.5-siGL3 was confirmed.
  • Cy5.5-siGL3 alone solution naked siRNA
  • each Cy5.5-siGL3-containing powder solution dileucine/leucine #3'solution
  • Fluorescence intensity in areas other than the lungs analyzed from in vivo fluorescence imaging images was lower in the group administered with each powder and its solution compared to the group administered with naked siRNA. -LNP formation) to avoid siRNA degradation and systemic translocation. From the electrophoretic image of the lung tissue sample ( Figure 11(c)), a band corresponding to Cy5.5-siGL3 could not be detected in the naked siRNA administration group, so the fluorescence detected in the lung region ( Figure 11(b) )) was determined to be due to a degradation product of Cy5.5-siGL3 or dissociated Cy5.5.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un agent en poudre qui forme des particules lipidiques donnant à un principe actif une excellente capacité à atteindre les poumons lorsqu'il est inhalé et donnant également au principe actif une fonction DDS au niveau du site d'arrivée. L'agent en poudre comprend des particules constitutives qui contiennent : un composant lipidique contenant un conjugué PEG-lipide ; et de la leucine et/ou de la dileucine.
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JP2004517127A (ja) * 2000-12-21 2004-06-10 ネクター セラピューティックス ポリエン抗真菌剤の肺送達
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JP2012526858A (ja) * 2009-05-16 2012-11-01 クイ クニュアン 治療用分子を送達するためのカチオン性両親媒性物質と共脂質とを含む組成物
JP2017520549A (ja) * 2014-06-26 2017-07-27 ラモット アット テル アビブ ユニバーシティ， リミテッド 核酸の送達のためのリポソーム製剤
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