WO2023226653A1 - Ensemble optique, son procédé de fabrication et dispositif de réalité virtuelle - Google Patents

Ensemble optique, son procédé de fabrication et dispositif de réalité virtuelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226653A1
WO2023226653A1 PCT/CN2023/089903 CN2023089903W WO2023226653A1 WO 2023226653 A1 WO2023226653 A1 WO 2023226653A1 CN 2023089903 W CN2023089903 W CN 2023089903W WO 2023226653 A1 WO2023226653 A1 WO 2023226653A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
fresnel lens
pattern
plane
lens
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/089903
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
白家荣
黄海涛
董瑞君
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方技术开发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN202380008729.0A priority Critical patent/CN117460973A/zh
Publication of WO2023226653A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226653A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an optical component, a manufacturing method thereof, and a virtual reality device.
  • Virtual reality technology builds a virtual environment and displays information to users through the virtual environment.
  • the virtual reality device outputs the image displayed by the display component (such as the display screen) in the device to the human eye through the transmission and amplification of the optical system. , what the human eye receives is an enlarged virtual image.
  • the optical component is used in a virtual reality device.
  • the optical component includes a Fresnel lens.
  • the Fresnel lens can reduce the weight and thickness of the lens, thereby making the optical component light and thin.
  • the Fresnel lens in the above-mentioned optical component is more likely to produce stray light, resulting in poor imaging quality of the optical component.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an optical component, a manufacturing method thereof, and a virtual reality device.
  • the technical solutions are as follows:
  • an optical component which includes: a first Fresnel lens and a light-blocking unit;
  • One side of the first Fresnel lens has a sawtooth structure, the sawtooth structure includes a plurality of protrusions, and the protrusions have a vertex angle;
  • the first Fresnel lens includes a lens base and a zigzag structure located on the lens base.
  • the light blocking unit is located on a side of the zigzag structure away from the lens base.
  • the light blocking unit The orthographic projection of the element on the first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles on the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the first Fresnel The plane of the optical axis of the lens.
  • the optical component further includes a transparent substrate
  • the light-blocking unit includes a first light-blocking pattern located on the transparent substrate
  • the orthographic projection of the first light-blocking pattern on the first plane is equal to Orthographic projections of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles on the first plane have overlap
  • the first light blocking pattern and the at least part of the vertex angle have a specified distance in a first direction, and the first direction is a direction parallel to the axial direction of the Fresnel lens.
  • the w is the ring width of the first annular pattern
  • the D 1 is the specified spacing
  • the D 1 is greater than
  • the ⁇ is the difference between the light received at the vertex angle and the third The maximum angle between directions.
  • the specified spacing is greater than or equal to 0.005 mm and less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
  • the optical component further includes a transparent substrate
  • the light-blocking unit includes a first light-blocking pattern located on the transparent substrate
  • the orthographic projection of the first light-blocking pattern on the first plane is equal to Orthographic projections of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles on the first plane have overlap
  • the first light-blocking pattern is in contact with at least part of the vertex corner.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a first area and a second area located at the periphery of the first area;
  • the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit on the first plane is located within the orthographic projection of the second area on the first plane.
  • D2 is the diameter of the first area
  • P is the distance between the light incident surface of the first Fresnel lens and the designated position
  • ⁇ 1 is the preset field of view angle.
  • the ratio of the size of the second area in the second direction to the size of the first Fresnel lens in the second direction ranges from 60% to 70%, and the second The direction is a direction extending from the center of the first Fresnel lens in a direction away from the center.
  • the light blocking unit includes a second light blocking pattern, the second light blocking pattern includes a plurality of second annular graphics, and the plurality of second annular graphics are concentrically arranged;
  • the second annular pattern fits at least part of the vertex angle, and the cross section of the second annular pattern along a first direction is arc-shaped, and the first direction is in contact with the Fresnel lens. axially parallel direction.
  • the annular width of the second annular pattern is positively related to a first distance, and the first distance is the distance between the second annular pattern and the center of the first Fresnel lens.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a first area and a second area located at the periphery of the first area;
  • the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit on the first plane is located within the orthographic projection of the second area on the first plane;
  • the transparent substrate has a through hole, and an orthographic projection of the through hole on the first plane overlaps an orthographic projection of the first region on the first plane.
  • the transparent substrate is a first lens
  • the first light-blocking pattern is located on a side of the first lens close to the first Fresnel lens.
  • the first lens includes a spherical lens and an aspherical lens. Or a second Fresnel lens.
  • the ring width of the first ring pattern is greater than or equal to 20 microns and less than or equal to 100 microns.
  • the thickness of the transparent substrate ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm
  • the thickness of the first light blocking pattern ranges from 0.5 microns to 1.5 microns.
  • a method of manufacturing an optical component comprising:
  • one side of the first Fresnel lens has a sawtooth structure, the sawtooth structure includes a plurality of protrusions, and the protrusions have a vertex angle;
  • a light-blocking unit is provided outside the side of the first Fresnel lens with the sawtooth structure, and the orthographic projection of the light-blocking unit on the first plane is consistent with at least part of the plurality of vertex angles. Orthographic projections have overlap on the first plane, which is a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens.
  • the light blocking unit includes a second light blocking pattern, and forming the light blocking unit outside the side of the first Fresnel lens having the sawtooth structure includes:
  • a plurality of concentric second annular patterns are formed on the side of the first Fresnel lens with the zigzag structure to form the second light-blocking pattern, and the second annular patterns are in contact with the vertex angle At least partially, the second annular pattern has an arc-shaped cross section along a first direction, and the first direction is a direction parallel to the axial direction of the Fresnel lens.
  • a virtual reality device which includes Including: display components and the above-mentioned optical components.
  • the display component is located on a side of the light blocking unit facing away from the first Fresnel lens, or the display component is located on a side of the first Fresnel lens facing away from the light blocking unit.
  • An optical component including: a first Fresnel lens and a light blocking unit.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a plurality of vertex angles
  • the light blocking unit overlaps with at least part of the plurality of vertex angles in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens, so that Reducing the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens can thereby reduce the stray light emitted from the first Fresnel lens, which can solve the problem of poor imaging quality of optical components in related technologies and improve the performance of optical components. Imaging quality effects.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Fresnel lens
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the Fresnel lens shown in Figure 1 along the position A1-A2;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the Fresnel lens shown in Figure 2 in the virtual reality device;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the optical component shown in Figure 4 along the position B1-B2;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the optical component shown in Figure 6 along the C1-C2 position;
  • Figure 8 is a partial 20A structural schematic diagram of the optical assembly shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the optical component shown in Figure 6 along the C1-C2 position;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an image transmitted through an optical component
  • FIG 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another Fresnel lens provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the visual field characteristics of the human eye
  • Figure 13 is another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the optical component shown in Figure 4 along the B1-B2 position;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the light shielding experiment results of a Fresnel lens provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the light shielding experiment results of another Fresnel lens provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a flow chart of another method of manufacturing an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual reality device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the virtual reality device shown in Figure 20;
  • Figure 22 is a schematic optical path diagram of a virtual reality device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a graph of the modulation transfer function of the optical path assembly shown in FIG. 22 .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Fresnel lens.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the Fresnel lens shown in Figure 1 along the position A1-A2.
  • the Fresnel lens 10 is a lens formed on the basis of an ordinary lens by using an etching process to remove excess optical material in the ordinary lens and only retaining the curvature of part of the surface.
  • the surface of the Fresnel lens 10 can have multiple concentric rings ranging from small to large. Compared with ordinary lenses (such as spherical lenses or aspherical lenses), the Fresnel lens 10 weighs less. Light and thin.
  • one side of the Fresnel lens 10 has a sawtooth structure 11
  • the other side of the Fresnel lens 10 can be a spherical surface, an aspheric surface or a Fresnel surface.
  • the sawtooth structure 11 includes a plurality of protrusions, each protrusion has an effective surface 111, an ineffective surface 112, and a vertex 113 connecting the effective surface 111 and the ineffective surface 112.
  • the effective surface 111 is far away from the Fresnel lens relative to the ineffective surface 112. 10 in the center.
  • the widths of the plurality of protrusions in the zigzag structure 11 can be equal to form equally spaced Fresnel lenses 10; or the heights of the plurality of protrusions in the zigzag structure 11 can be equal to form Fresnel lens with constant tooth height 10.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the Fresnel lens shown in Figure 2 in a virtual reality device.
  • a virtual reality device includes a display component 13 and a lens located on one side of the light exit surface of the display component 13
  • the lens group may include the Fresnel lens 10.
  • the light S11 emitted by the display component 13 enters the Fresnel lens 10 from the side of the Fresnel lens 10 with the sawtooth structure 11. In the sawtooth structure After being refracted in 11 and emerging from the Fresnel lens 10, it enters the viewer's eyes 30.
  • An enlarged virtual image 14 is formed at a certain distance in front of the viewer's eyes 30 .
  • the vertex angle 113 and the effective surface 111 Since the light incident from the vertex angle 113 and the effective surface 111 has different refraction times in the zigzag structure 101, its optical path is also different; and, through simulation tests and experimental results, it was found that the vertex angle 113 has a negative impact on the Fresnel lens The amount of stray light formed by 10 has the greatest impact, making it easier for the light incident at the vertex angle 113 to form stray light after passing through the ineffective surface of the zigzag structure 101, resulting in poor imaging quality of the Fresnel lens, and the viewer The experience when using the virtual display device is poor.
  • the lens group may also include spherical lenses, in addition to the Fresnel lens shown in Figure 3.
  • Various types of lenses such as Fresnel lenses other than the Neel lens 10 are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical component, a manufacturing method thereof, and a virtual reality device, which can solve the problems existing in the above related technologies.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the optical component shown in Figure 4 along the position B1-B2.
  • the optical assembly 20 may include: a first Fresnel lens 21 and a light blocking unit 22 .
  • One side of the first Fresnel lens 21 may have a zigzag structure, and the zigzag structure may include a plurality of protrusions 211 , and each protrusion 211 may have a vertex angle 2111 .
  • the vertex angle 2111 can be used to connect the effective surface and the ineffective surface of the Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the first Fresnel lens 21 may include a lens base and a sawtooth structure located on the lens base, and the lens base and the sawtooth structure may be an integrated structure.
  • the light blocking unit 22 can be located on the side of the sawtooth structure away from the lens base. That is, the light blocking unit 22 can be located on the outside of the side of the first Fresnel lens 21 with the sawtooth structure.
  • the light blocking unit is on the first plane. Orthographic projection with at least some of the vertices Orthographic projections of the vertex angles on a first plane have overlap, and the first plane is a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens.
  • the light blocking unit 22 overlaps with at least part of the vertex angles 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 in a direction parallel to the optical axis L1 of the first Fresnel lens 21 , the light blocking unit 22 can block at least part of the vertex angle 2111 to prevent light from irradiating at least part of the vertex angle 2111, or can prevent the light entering the first Fresnel lens 21 from at least part of the vertex angle 2111.
  • the first plane S1 is a virtual reference plane.
  • a part of the light S01 may be unaffected by the light blocking unit 22 and hit the side of the first Fresnel lens 21 with a zigzag structure, and this part of the light S01 may pass through the Fresnel lens 21
  • the effective surface of the light beam is incident into the Fresnel lens 21 and refracted once in the zigzag structure 101 of the Fresnel lens 21 to achieve the convergence effect of this part of the light S01.
  • Another part of the light S02 can be blocked or absorbed by the light-blocking unit 22 , which can prevent this part of the light S02 from being incident on the vertex angle 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 and causing damage in the zigzag structure of the first Fresnel lens 21 After two refractions, stray light with a different optical path from the light S01 incident through the effective surface is formed. In this way, the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be reduced, thereby reducing the stray light emitted by the first Fresnel lens 21 , and preventing stray light from being emitted from the first Fresnel lens 21 into the user's eyes.
  • an optical component including: a first Fresnel lens and a light blocking unit.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a plurality of vertex angles
  • the light blocking unit overlaps with at least part of the plurality of vertex angles in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens, so that Reducing the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens can thereby reduce the stray light emitted from the first Fresnel lens, which can solve the problem of poor imaging quality of optical components in related technologies and improve the performance of optical components. Imaging quality effects.
  • the plurality of protrusions 211 in the zigzag structure of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be closed around the center of the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the protrusion 211 may be in the shape of a closed ring, such as a circular ring, an ellipse, etc., or the protrusion 211 may be in a closed polygonal shape, such as a quadrilateral, a pentagon, etc.
  • the cross section of the vertex angle 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 along the first direction f1 is a sharp angle. Due to the limitation of process accuracy, in actual situations, the vertex angle of the first Fresnel lens 21 is The cross section of 2111 along the first direction f1 may be rounded. The cross section of the vertex shown in the drawings in the embodiment of the present application may be sharp or rounded.
  • the first direction f1 is A direction parallel to the axis of the Fresnel lens.
  • the first Fresnel lens 21 may have a zigzag structure, that is, the first One side of a Fresnel lens 21 may have a zigzag structure, and the other side may be a spherical surface or an aspheric surface.
  • the first Fresnel lens 21 is a single-sided Fresnel lens.
  • both sides of the first Fresnel lens 21 may have a zigzag structure, and the first Fresnel lens 21 is a double-sided Fresnel lens, then the number of the light blocking units 22 may be two, and the two light blocking units 22 may be respectively located outside the two Fresnel surfaces of the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the optical component shown in Figure 6 along the C1-C2 position.
  • the optical component 20 may further include a transparent substrate 221
  • the light-blocking unit 22 may include a first light-blocking pattern 222 located on the transparent substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first light-blocking pattern 222 on the first plane S1 may be aligned with a plurality of top surfaces. Orthographic projections of at least part of the vertex corners 2111 of the corners 2111 on the first plane S1 have overlap.
  • the transparent substrate 221 may also have a light-transmitting area.
  • the light-transmitting area may refer to an area on the transparent substrate 221 where the first light-blocking pattern 222 is not provided.
  • the light-transmitting area may have better light transmittance.
  • the orthographic projection of the first light-blocking pattern 222 on the first plane S1 overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles 2111 on the first plane S1.
  • the first plane S1 is perpendicular to the first plane S1.
  • the plane of the optical axis L1 of the Fresnel lens 21 is perpendicular to the first plane S1.
  • the first light blocking pattern 222 of the light blocking unit 22 and at least part of the vertex angles 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 are aligned with the light parallel to the first Fresnel lens 21 There is overlap in the direction of axis L1, and the first light-blocking pattern 222 can block at least part of the vertex angle 2111 to prevent light from irradiating at least part of the vertex angle 2111, or can prevent light from entering the first Fresnel lens 21 light rays emerge from at least part of the vertex angle 2111.
  • a part of the light S01 can pass through the light-transmitting area in the transparent substrate 221 and hit the side of the first Fresnel lens 21 with a zigzag structure, and this part of the light S01 can pass through the Fresnel lens 22
  • the effective surface of 21 is incident into the Fresnel lens 21 and is refracted once in the zigzag structure 101 of the Fresnel lens 21 to achieve the convergence effect of this part of the light S01.
  • Another part of the light S02 can be blocked or absorbed by the first light-blocking pattern 222, which can prevent the part of the light S02 from being incident on the vertex angle 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 and being reflected on the zigzag structure of the first Fresnel lens 21.
  • the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be reduced, thereby reducing the stray light emitted by the first Fresnel lens 21 , and preventing stray light from being emitted from the first Fresnel lens 21 into the user's eyes.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial 20A structural diagram of the optical assembly 20 shown in FIG. 7 . Please refer to FIG. 8 .
  • the first The light blocking pattern 222 and at least part of the vertex angle 2111 have a specified distance D 1 in the first direction f1 , which is a direction parallel to the axial direction of the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the axial direction of the first Fresnel lens 21 is the extending direction of the axis L1 of the first Fresnel lens.
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 can be formed on the light-transmitting substrate 221, and then the light-transmitting substrate 221 with the first light-blocking pattern 222 formed on the first Fresnel lens 21 has a zigzag structure on one side, and the contact between the first light-blocking pattern 222 and at least part of the vertex 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be avoided, so as to prevent the light-transmitting base 221 and the first light-blocking pattern 222 from contacting the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • a Fresnel lens 21 is damaged.
  • the damage includes the light-transmitting base 221 and the first light-blocking pattern 222 causing scratches to the first Fresnel lens 21, or the light-transmitting base 221 and the first light-blocking pattern 222 causing scratches to the first Fresnel lens 21. 21 causing extrusion deformation.
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 may include a plurality of first annular graphics 2221 , and the plurality of first annular graphics 2221 are concentrically arranged with a specified spacing.
  • w is the ring width of the first ring shape 2221
  • D 1 is the specified spacing
  • D 1 is greater than
  • ⁇ is the maximum angle between the light received at the vertex angle and the first direction.
  • the vertex angle can receive multiple light rays from multiple angles emitted by the light source component.
  • the angle corresponding to the light ray with the largest axial angle of the Fresnel lens can be set as ⁇ .
  • the first direction f1 is a direction parallel to the axial direction of the Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the specified distance D 1 may refer to the shortest distance between the vertex angle 2111 of the Fresnel lens 21 and the first annular pattern 2221.
  • the annular width of the first annular pattern 2221 may refer to the width of the first annular pattern 2221. That is, it is the difference between the outer radius of the first annular figure 2221 and the inner radius of the first annular figure 2221 .
  • the maximum angle of light received by the vertex angle ⁇ may refer to the maximum angle between the light that can be received by the vertex angle 2111 and the optical axis LI of the first Fresnel lens 21 when the light blocking unit 22 is not provided.
  • the width of the first annular pattern 2221 in the first light blocking pattern 222 can be set according to the distance between the first light blocking pattern 222 and the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the specified distance D 1 is positively related to the ring width w of the first ring pattern 2221 .
  • the maximum angle ⁇ of the light received by the vertex angle 2111 may be greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees.
  • the designated distance D 1 may be greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.1 mm, or the designated distance D 1 may be greater than or equal to 0.005 mm and less than or equal to 0.1 mm. Within this range, the overall thickness of the optical component 20 can be avoided from being excessively large.
  • the specified distance D 1 is 0.01 mm.
  • Figure 9 is another schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the optical component 20 shown in Figure 6 along the C1-C2 position.
  • the optical component 20 further includes a transparent substrate 221
  • the light-blocking unit 22 includes a first light-blocking pattern 222 located on the transparent substrate 221
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 is on the first plane S1.
  • the orthographic projection overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the vertex angles 2111 of the plurality of vertex angles 2111 on the first plane S1.
  • the first light blocking pattern 222 contacts at least part of the vertex corner 2111. In this way, the distance between the transparent substrate 221 , the first light-blocking pattern 222 and the first Fresnel lens 21 can be made closer, and the overall thickness of the optical component 20 can be reduced.
  • the first Fresnel lens 21 may have a first area 21 a and a second area 21 b located at the periphery of the first area 21 a.
  • the second area 21b may surround the first area 21a, that is, the first area 21a may be surrounded by the second area 21b.
  • the first area 21 a may be located at the middle position of the first Fresnel lens 21
  • the second area 21 b may be located at an edge position of the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the shape of the first area 21a may be designed according to the shape of the first Fresnel lens 21.
  • the first region 21a may be circular, square, hexagonal or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the orthographic projection of the first light blocking pattern 222 on the first plane S1 is located within the orthographic projection of the second area 21b on the first plane S1. That is, the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit 22 on the first plane S1 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the plurality of vertex corners 2111 in the second area 21b on the first plane S1, and the light blocking unit 22 is on the first plane.
  • the orthographic projection on S1 does not overlap with the orthographic projection on the first plane S1 of the plurality of vertex corners 2111 in the first area 21a.
  • the light blocking unit 22 When the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit 22 on the first plane S1 overlaps with the orthographic projection of all the vertex angles 2111 in the first Fresnel lens 21 on the first plane S1, that is, the light blocking unit 22 has an overlap with the first Fresnel lens 21.
  • the following two problems will occur: On the one hand, the area of the first Fresnel lens 21 blocked by the light blocking unit 22 is large, resulting in the first Fresnel lens 21 being blocked. The light transmittance of lens 21 is low.
  • the first area 21a ie, the central area
  • the light beam in the area 21a has a strong perception ability, resulting in a black circle in the image transmitted by the optical component 20 actually seen by the user.
  • the black circle may refer to an annular shadow with low brightness.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an image transmitted through an optical component. In the optical component forming the image 201, the light blocking unit 22 overlaps with the multiple vertex corners 2111 in the first area 21a, making the black circle 2011 in the central area of the image 201 more obvious, resulting in poor imaging quality of the optical component.
  • the problem of stray light in the edge area of the optical component 20 is more serious than the problem of stray light in the center area of the optical component 20 .
  • the light-blocking unit 22 can be used to control multiple areas in the second area 21b of the first Fresnel lens 21
  • the vertex angle 2111 is blocked to reduce the stray light emitted by the first Fresnel lens 21.
  • it can also avoid affecting the light transmittance of the first Fresnel lens 21, thereby improving the overall optical component 20. image quality effect.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another Fresnel lens provided by an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 11.
  • D 2 is the diameter of the first area
  • P is the distance between the light incident surface S2 of the first Fresnel lens 21 and the designated position
  • ⁇ 1 is the preset viewing angle.
  • the designated position may be the position where the viewer's eyes 30 are located when the viewer uses a virtual reality device with optical components.
  • the preset field of view angle ⁇ 1 may be the angle of the human eye's visual field comfort zone.
  • the preset field of view angle ⁇ 1 may be greater than or equal to 40 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.
  • the comfort zone of the human eye's visual field can also be called the binocular comfort zone. It refers to objects within the comfort zone of the human eye's visual field. The human eye can see more clearly.
  • the peripheral part located outside the comfort zone of the human eye's visual field can be called peripheral vision. It belongs to the relatively insensitive range of the human eye, that is, the area where the human eye cannot see clearly enough.
  • the size of the first area 21a can be set according to the position of the viewer's eyes 30 and the field of view to improve the viewer's experience.
  • T is the first ratio
  • P is the distance between the light incident surface S2 of the first Fresnel lens and the designated position
  • D 3 is the size of the first Fresnel lens 21 in the second direction f2, ⁇ 2
  • the second direction f2 is one-half the angle of the comfort zone of the human eye's visual field
  • the second direction f2 is a direction extending from the center of the first Fresnel lens 21 to a direction away from the center.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the visual field characteristics of the human eye. Please refer to Figure 12.
  • E1 is the comfort zone of both eyes, and its angle range can be 0° to 60°
  • E2 is the overlapping visual zone of both eyes, and its angle range can be 90° to 120°
  • E3 is the full visual zone of both eyes, and its angle range can be 200° ° ⁇ 220°.
  • the binocular overlapping visual field refers to the area where the left and right visual fields of the human eye overlap
  • the binocular full visual field refers to the entire area of the left and right visual fields of the human eye.
  • the visual field comfort zone of the human eye can be 60°, and ⁇ 2 can be 30°.
  • P is 11 millimeters (mm)
  • D 3 is 40 mm
  • the second Area 21b is in second
  • the first ratio of the size of the second area 21b in the second direction f2 to the size of the first Fresnel lens 21 in the second direction f2 may range from 60% to 70%. Within this range, the light transmittance of the optical component 20 is better, and the amount of stray light passing through the optical component 20 is smaller. Since the user has a strong ability to perceive the light beam passing through the first area 21a (ie, the central area) of the optical component 20, the first area can occupy approximately one-third of the area on the first Fresnel lens 21.
  • the light blocking unit 22 is not provided on the light path of the central area (first area) of the first Fresnel lens 21 , so that approximately one-third of the area located in the center of the first Fresnel lens 21
  • the light transmittance is high to ensure the imaging quality of optical components.
  • the second area can be provided to occupy the area of the first Fresnel lens 21.
  • a light blocking unit 22 is provided on the light path of the edge area (first area) of the first Fresnel lens 21 to improve the The problem of stray light in most areas can further improve the imaging quality of optical components.
  • the first ratio of the size of the second area 21b in the second direction f2 to the size of the first Fresnel lens 21 in the second direction f2 is 2/3
  • the area of the second area 21b is
  • the second ratio to the area of the first Fresnel lens 21 can satisfy the formula: 1-(P ⁇ tan30°) 2 /(D 3 /2) 2
  • the second ratio can be 8/9.
  • Figure 13 is another cross-sectional structural diagram of the optical assembly 20 shown in Figure 4 along the position B1-B2.
  • the light blocking unit 22 can include a second light blocking pattern 223223.
  • the pattern 223 includes a plurality of second annular graphics 2231, and the plurality of second annular graphics 2231 are concentrically arranged.
  • the second annular pattern 2231 fits at least part of the vertex angle 2111, and the cross section of the second annular pattern 2231 along the first direction f1 is arc-shaped, and the first direction f1 is parallel to the axial direction of the Fresnel lens 21 direction.
  • the second light blocking pattern 223 can be directly set on the vertex corner 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 without setting A transparent substrate is provided to simplify the manufacturing process of the optical component 20.
  • the manufacturing process may include at least one of screen printing, manual inking, machine inking, and BM lithography.
  • the annular width of the second annular pattern 2231 is positively related to the first distance, and the first distance is the distance between the second annular pattern 2231 and the center of the first Fresnel lens 21 . Since in the first Fresnel lens 21, the cross section of the vertex angle 2111 along the first direction f1 can be rounded, and the size of the vertex angle 2111 is larger closer to the edge of the first Fresnel lens 21, therefore, it is possible to As the size of the vertex angle 2111 increases, the ring width of the second ring-shaped pattern 2231 is increased to improve the light-blocking effect of the second light-blocking pattern 223.
  • the second annular pattern 2231 can block part of the vertex corner 2111, and the arc length of the area on the vertex corner 2111 that is not blocked by the second annular pattern 2231 may be less than or equal to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the first light blocking pattern 222 is located on a side of the transparent substrate 221 close to the first Fresnel lens 21 .
  • the distance between the first light blocking pattern 222 and the vertex 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be made closer, and the light blocking range of the first light blocking pattern 222 can be made more accurate.
  • the tooth height of the first Fresnel lens 21 is 0.5 mm, and the tooth spacing is 3 mm.
  • a light-blocking material layer may first be formed on the transparent substrate 221 , and then the light-blocking material layer may be patterned to obtain the first light-blocking pattern 222 .
  • the patterning process may include a photolithography process, and the photolithography error of the photolithography process may be less than 0.6 microns, which can make the size of the first light-blocking pattern 222 formed by photolithography more accurate.
  • the transparent substrate 221 with the first light-blocking pattern 222 and the first Fresnel lens 21 are aligned and packaged.
  • the alignment error can be less than 1.5 microns. Therefore, the orthographic projection of the first light blocking pattern 222 on the first plane S1 overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the vertex angles 2111 of the plurality of vertex angles 2111 on the first plane S1. In this way, light can be prevented from being incident on the zigzag structure of the first Fresnel lens 21 from the vertex angle 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 to form stray light, and the stray light emitted from the first Fresnel lens 21 can be reduced.
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 is formed on the transparent substrate 221. Compared with forming the first light-blocking pattern 222 on the first Fresnel lens 21, the zigzag structure of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be avoided. If damage is caused, the product yield of the first Fresnel lens 21 can be improved.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the transparent substrate 221 may have a through hole 2211, and an orthographic projection of the through hole 2211 on the first plane S1 overlaps with an orthographic projection of the first region 21a on the first plane S1. That is, the through hole 2211 can be formed in the area where the light blocking pattern 222 is not provided on the transparent substrate 221 . In this way, the transparent substrate can be improved The light transmittance at the through hole 2211 of 221 can also save materials used in manufacturing the transparent substrate 221.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the transparent substrate 221 may be the first lens 23
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 may be located on a side of the first lens 23 close to the first Fresnel lens 21
  • the first lens 23 may include a spherical surface. lens, aspherical lens or second Fresnel lens.
  • the first lens 23 can be reused as the transparent substrate 221 on the basis of having the lens function.
  • the first lens 23 may be a lens adjacent to the first Fresnel lens 21 , and the light blocking pattern 222 may be provided on one side of the first lens 23 to block at least part of the first Fresnel lens 21 . Corner 2111 to block light. In this way, the structure of the optical component 20 can be simplified, and thus the structure of the virtual display device including the optical component 20 can be simplified.
  • the optical axis L2 of the first lens 23 is parallel to the optical axis L1 of the first Fresnel lens 21 , and the side of the first lens 23 close to the first Fresnel lens 21 is flat.
  • the difficulty of forming the first light-blocking pattern 222 on one side of the first lens 23 can be reduced, and the light-blocking range of the first light-blocking pattern 222 on the first lens 23 to the first Fresnel lens 21 can also be increased. precise.
  • the transparent substrate 221 may have a bearing surface S3 , the first light-blocking pattern 222 is located on the bearing surface S3 , and the bearing surface S3 is parallel to the first plane S1 .
  • the first Fresnel lens 21 may be a Fresnel lens with constant tooth height. Therefore, the distance between the first light-blocking pattern 222 on the transparent substrate 221 and the plurality of vertex angles 2111 of the first Fresnel lens 21 is the same, thereby making the light transmission effect on the first Fresnel lens 21 more uniform.
  • the first Fresnel lens may be an equally spaced Fresnel lens.
  • the transparent substrate may have multiple bearing surfaces, the first light-blocking pattern is located on the multiple bearing surfaces, and the multiple bearing surfaces are parallel to the first plane, and each of the multiple bearing surfaces is located on a different plane. So that the distance between the first light-blocking pattern on the transparent substrate and the plurality of vertices of the first Fresnel lens is the same.
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 may include a plurality of first annular graphics 2221 , the annular width of the first annular graphics 2221 is greater than 0 microns and less than or equal to 100 microns, or the first The ring width of the ring pattern is greater than or equal to 20 microns and less than or equal to 100 microns.
  • the first annular graphic 2221 may be in a closed annular shape, such as a circular ring, an ellipse, etc., or the first annular graphic 2221 may be in a closed polygonal shape, such as a quadrilateral, a pentagon, etc.
  • the width of the first annular pattern 2221 can be 20 microns or 25.4 microns.
  • the first light-blocking pattern 222 can be prevented from blocking too much of the effective surface, and enough light can be ensured to enter the first light through the effective surface.
  • Fresnel lens to ensure the light transmittance of the first Fresnel lens.
  • the thickness of the transparent substrate 221 may range from 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.
  • the first light blocking diagram The thickness of case 222 can range from 0.5 microns to 1.5 microns.
  • the material of the first light-blocking pattern 222 may be a black light-absorbing material.
  • the black light-absorbing material may be black resin, black matrix (such as black ink), etc., and the optical density value (OD) of the black light-absorbing material may be 0. ⁇ 5/ ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the transparent substrate may be 0.5 mm
  • the thickness range of the first light-blocking pattern 222 may be 1.1 ⁇ m
  • the optical density value of the black light-absorbing material is 4/ ⁇ m, which represents the transmittance of the black light-absorbing material with a thickness of one micron.
  • the pass rate is 0.01%.
  • the transmittance of the first light-blocking pattern and the second light-blocking pattern in the embodiment of the present application may be less than or equal to 1%.
  • the material of the first light-blocking pattern and the second light-blocking pattern may include black acrylic resin, the thickness of the first light-blocking pattern and the second light-blocking pattern may be 1 ⁇ m, and the transmittance may be 0.01%.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the light shielding experiment results of a Fresnel lens provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • This experiment tests the transmittance of the same or the same type of Fresnel lens under four blocking conditions.
  • the four occlusion situations include no occlusion, occlusion of the vertex corners in the Fresnel lens, occlusion of the ineffective surface in the zigzag structure of the Fresnel lens (the side walls of the zigzag structure as shown in Figure 16), and occlusion The ineffective surface and the vertex angle in the zigzag structure of the Fresnel lens (the side walls and the vertex corner of the zigzag structure as shown in Figure 16).
  • the experimental results it can be seen that blocking the vertex angle of the Fresnel lens can effectively reduce the stray light transmitted through the Fresnel lens, and at the same time, make the transmittance of the Fresnel lens better.
  • the experimental results can be expressed by the shape and brightness of the spot R passing through the Fresnel lens.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the light shielding experiment results of another Fresnel lens provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • This experiment tested the transmittance of two types of Fresnel lenses (241 and 242) under two conditions: blocked vertex angle and unblocked vertex angle.
  • the apex angle of one type of Fresnel lens 242 may be larger than the apex angle of another type of Fresnel lens 241 .
  • the experimental results are shown in Figure 17.
  • an optical component including: a first Fresnel lens and a light blocking unit.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a plurality of vertex angles
  • the light blocking unit overlaps with at least part of the plurality of vertex angles in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens, so that Reducing the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens can thereby reduce the stray light emitted from the first Fresnel lens, which can solve the problem of poor imaging quality of optical components in related technologies and improve the performance of optical components. Imaging quality effects.
  • Figure 18 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 18.
  • the manufacturing method of the optical component may include:
  • Step 301 Obtain the first Fresnel lens.
  • one side of the first Fresnel lens has a sawtooth structure
  • the sawtooth structure includes a plurality of protrusions
  • the protrusions have vertex angles.
  • Step 302 Set a light-blocking unit outside the side of the first Fresnel lens with a zigzag structure.
  • the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit on the first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles on the first plane, and the first plane is the light perpendicular to the first Fresnel lens.
  • the plane of the axis is the light perpendicular to the first Fresnel lens.
  • FIG. 19 is a flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 19 .
  • the manufacturing method of the optical component may include:
  • Step 401 Obtain the first Fresnel lens.
  • one side of the first Fresnel lens has a sawtooth structure
  • the sawtooth structure includes a plurality of protrusions
  • the protrusions have vertex angles.
  • Step 402 Form a plurality of second annular patterns on the side of the first Fresnel lens with a zigzag structure to form a second light-blocking pattern.
  • the light-blocking unit includes a second light-blocking pattern, and a plurality of concentric second annular patterns are formed on the side of the first Fresnel lens with a zigzag structure to form the second light-blocking pattern, and the second annular pattern is The graphic fits at least part of the vertex angle, and the second annular graphic has an arc-shaped cross section along the first direction, and the first direction is a direction parallel to the axial direction of the Fresnel lens.
  • the light blocking unit can be directly formed on the side of the first Fresnel lens with the zigzag structure, which can simplify the manufacturing process.
  • the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit on the first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles on the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens. flat.
  • Step 403 Obtain a light-transmitting substrate.
  • Step 404 Form a plurality of first annular patterns on one side of the light-transmissive substrate to form a first light-blocking pattern.
  • Step 405 Arrange the light-transmitting substrate with the first light-blocking pattern on the outside of the side of the first Fresnel lens with the zigzag structure.
  • the light blocking unit can be formed on the side of the first Fresnel lens that has a sawtooth structure.
  • the orthographic projection of the light blocking unit on the first plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of at least part of the plurality of vertex angles on the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens. flat.
  • step 402 and step 403, step 404 and step 405 can be implemented on the same first Fresnel lens. If the lens has a surface with a zigzag structure, step 402 or step 403, step 404 and step 405 can be selected for implementation.
  • inventions of the present application provide a method for manufacturing an optical component.
  • the optical component manufactured by the optical component manufacturing method includes: a first Fresnel lens and a light blocking unit.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a plurality of vertex angles
  • the light blocking unit overlaps with at least part of the plurality of vertex angles in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens, so that Reducing the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens can thereby reduce the stray light emitted from the first Fresnel lens, which can solve the problem of poor imaging quality of optical components in related technologies and improve the performance of optical components. Imaging quality effects.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual reality device 40 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic optical path diagram of the virtual reality device shown in Figure 20. Please refer to Figures 20 and 21.
  • the virtual reality device 40 may include a display component 41 and an optical path component 42, and the optical path component 42 may include the optical component 20 in any of the above embodiments.
  • the optical path assembly 42 may include one or more Fresnel lens structures for improving stray light, and may also include other lenses without Fresnel structures.
  • the optical path assembly 42 in Figure 21 may include three optical assemblies 20.
  • the total system length of the optical path assembly 42 is 20 mm.
  • the total system length is the distance from the center of the lens surface closest to the human eye in the optical path assembly 42 to the center of the display screen.
  • each Fresnel lens corresponds to a light-blocking unit, and the ring width of the first annular pattern in the light-blocking unit ranges from 45 ⁇ m to 57 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter of the first region in each Fresnel lens is less than or equal to 12.7 mm.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a virtual reality device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 23 is a graph of the modulation transfer function of the optical path component shown in Figure 22.
  • the virtual reality device may include: a display component 41 and an optical path component 42.
  • the optical path component 42 may include the optical component 20 in any of the above embodiments.
  • the abscissa is used to represent the number of line pairs per millimeter in space, and the ordinate is used to represent the modulation transfer function.
  • the modulation transfer function curve (English: Modulation Transfer Function; abbreviation: MTF) refers to the relationship between the modulation degree and the number of line pairs per millimeter in the image.
  • the modulation transfer function curve in Figure 23 can correspond to the optical performance of the optical path component 42 in Figure 22. It can be seen from Figure 23 that the optical path component 42 in the embodiment of the present application can meet the optical performance requirements of conventional virtual display devices.
  • the optical path assembly 42 in the embodiment of the present application may include three optical Component 20, this optical path component 42 can achieve the effect of a focal length of 20mm, a total system length of 20mm, a field of view (FOV) of 90°, and an Eye box of 8 ⁇ 8mm.
  • two Fresnel lenses in the three optical components 20 may have one Fresnel surface S4, and another Fresnel lens may have two Fresnel surfaces S4.
  • the optical component provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the thickness of the lens component (thickness is less than or equal to 30 mm), and at the same time can achieve high light efficiency (light efficiency is greater than or equal to 80%).
  • the straight-through aspherical lens group Since the straight-through aspherical lens group has the characteristics of low design and processing, high light efficiency (>80%), and no stray light, the total length of the system is thick (>35mm), which is not conducive to the thinning of the product; foldback
  • the Pancake (English: Pancake) lens group has the characteristics of better imaging quality and thin total system length ( ⁇ 30mm), but the folding lens group has lower light efficiency ( ⁇ 25%).
  • the optical path assembly in the embodiment of the present application can be called a straight-through optical assembly. This straight-through optical assembly can have both high light efficiency and a thin and light lens assembly. specialty.
  • the display component 41 may be located on the side of the light blocking unit 22 facing away from the first Fresnel lens 21 , or the display component 41 may be located on the side of the first Fresnel lens 21 facing away from the light blocking unit 22 . one side.
  • the display component 41 can emit an image beam, and the light incident surface of the optical component 20 can receive the image beam and guide the image beam into the interior of the optical component 20 .
  • the light incident surface of the optical component 20 can be located on the side of the light blocking unit 22 away from the first Fresnel lens 21 , that is, the image beam can pass from the side of the light blocking unit 22 in the optical component 20 .
  • Incident optical assembly 20 the light incident surface of the optical component 20 may be located on the side of the first Fresnel lens 21 away from the light blocking unit 22 , that is, the image beam may enter the optical component 20 from the side of the first Fresnel lens 21 in the optical component 20 .
  • the first Fresnel lens 21, the light-blocking unit 22 and the light-transmitting substrate 221 may be bonded through a box-joining process.
  • the virtual reality device may also include a fixed bracket, and the first Fresnel lens 21 and the light-transmitting base 221 in the optical assembly are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed bracket.
  • an optical component including: a first Fresnel lens and a light blocking unit.
  • the first Fresnel lens has a plurality of vertex angles
  • the light blocking unit overlaps with at least part of the plurality of vertex angles in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first Fresnel lens, so that Reducing the amount of light emitted from the ineffective surface of the first Fresnel lens can thereby reduce the stray light emitted from the first Fresnel lens, which can solve the problem of poor imaging quality of optical components in related technologies and improve the performance of optical components. Imaging quality effects.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble optique et un dispositif de réalité virtuelle, qui se rapportent au domaine technique de l'affichage. L'ensemble optique (20) comprend une première lentille de Fresnel (21) et une unité de blocage de lumière (22). La première lentille de Fresnel (21) a de multiples angles de sommet (2111). L'unité de blocage de lumière (22) chevauche au moins certains des multiples angles de sommet (2111) dans une direction parallèle à un axe optique (L1) de la première lentille de Fresnel (21). De cette manière, la quantité de lumière émise par la surface inefficace de la première lentille de Fresnel peut être réduite, la lumière parasite émise par la première lentille de Fresnel peut être réduite, et la qualité d'imagerie de l'ensemble optique est améliorée.
PCT/CN2023/089903 2022-05-23 2023-04-21 Ensemble optique, son procédé de fabrication et dispositif de réalité virtuelle WO2023226653A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2023/092665 WO2023226734A1 (fr) 2022-05-23 2023-05-08 Groupe de lentilles de fresnel et dispositif de réalité virtuelle

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