WO2023226206A1 - 一种螺旋塔网链输送机 - Google Patents

一种螺旋塔网链输送机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226206A1
WO2023226206A1 PCT/CN2022/112772 CN2022112772W WO2023226206A1 WO 2023226206 A1 WO2023226206 A1 WO 2023226206A1 CN 2022112772 W CN2022112772 W CN 2022112772W WO 2023226206 A1 WO2023226206 A1 WO 2023226206A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
turret
mesh chain
guide block
chain
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/112772
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴宝东
Original Assignee
扬州市伟东传送设备有限公司
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Application filed by 扬州市伟东传送设备有限公司 filed Critical 扬州市伟东传送设备有限公司
Publication of WO2023226206A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226206A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G23/00—Driving gear for endless conveyors; Belt- or chain-tensioning arrangements
    • B65G23/02—Belt- or chain-engaging elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
    • B65G15/02—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration for conveying in a circular arc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G21/00—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors
    • B65G21/02—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors consisting essentially of struts, ties, or like structural elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a conveyor, in particular to a spiral tower mesh chain conveyor, which belongs to the technical field of conveying equipment.
  • the baked food production line needs to use high temperature to bake the food.
  • the high-temperature food taken out of the oven cannot be packaged immediately. It needs to be cooled and transported for a long time, and then packaged after the food is completely cooled.
  • the spiral tower mesh chain conveyor provides a long conveying distance while occupying a small area, so that a longer cooling time can be obtained, so it has been widely used in the food baking industry.
  • the existing spiral tower mesh chain conveyor includes a turret.
  • the mesh chain is spirally wound around the periphery of the turret and rotates synchronously with the turret.
  • the center of the turret is equipped with a turret central axis, and the upper and lower ends of the turret central axis are They are respectively supported on the frame through bearing seats; the bottoms of each layer of network chains are supported and slid on the spiral ring rails, each layer of spiral ring rails are respectively fixed on the radial support rods, and the outer ends of each radial support rod are fixed respectively.
  • the existing spiral tower chain conveyor has the following shortcomings: 1.
  • the chain directly enters the arc-shaped limit guide section of the forced steering section from the straight-line traveling section, and the pins of the chain change from a mutually parallel state to an outer distance greater than The scalloped state of the inside spacing.
  • the inner sides of the mesh chains need to move closer to each other to adapt to changes in the outer circumference.
  • the driving head engages with the driving vertical rod in advance, causing the inner side of the mesh chain to be reversely limited by the driving vertical rod.
  • the traction of the straight traveling section on the inner side of the arc-shaped limit guide section is limited, and the continuous failure to adapt to the inner side of the network chain will accumulate to a certain extent, which will make the length of the outer side of the network chain smaller than the theoretical circumference, causing the outer side of the network chain to be tight, making the network chain
  • the spiral tower cannot be kept in a relaxed state to carry cargo.
  • the outer wall of the lower end of the turret can be evenly equipped with multiple guide blocks so that the chain drive head and the drive vertical rod can mesh smoothly.
  • the conventional method is to A cylindrical surface is provided, and an inclined surface is provided above the cylindrical surface.
  • the lower end of the driving vertical rod is inserted into the inclined surface of the guide block, and the outer edge of the driving vertical rod is flush with the cylindrical surface of the guide block.
  • the chain driving head of each link of the chain is first pushed into the cylindrical surface or plane of the guide block and screwed into the rotating drum.
  • the inside of the chain is gathered, and the chain driving head cuts into the front side of the corresponding driving vertical rod one by one.
  • the ideal working state is: the driving vertical rod immediately achieves good meshing with the net chain driving head, and drives the inner side of the net chain to actively advance.
  • the meshing surface of the mesh chain driving head and the corresponding driving vertical rod must first overcome the meshing gap in the circumferential direction of the turret; After the corresponding driving vertical rod is engaged, the driving vertical rod drives the inner side of the mesh chain to advance a certain distance (that is, to overcome the loose gap) before driving the outer side of the mesh chain to follow. In this way, the driving vertical rod can truly drive the mesh chain to spirally rotate forward. After the net chain moves backward and is well meshed, the outer side of the driven net chain is tight. The lagging drive of the driving vertical rod causes the net chain that has just entered the turret to rotate and advance.
  • the frame is a welded part, it is difficult for the bearing seats at both ends of the turret central axis to ensure relatively high concentricity, and the verticality with the ground cannot be guaranteed.
  • the existing solution is to install a large spherical roller bearing in the bearing seat to achieve the purpose of alignment; and the shaft head at the lower end of the turret central shaft adopts The splicing method makes it easy to replace the bearings.
  • the spherical roller bearing During operation, because after the spherical roller bearing is aligned, the inner ring of the bearing tilts to one side, the spherical roller bearing must bear both the radial force and the turret axial gravity perpendicular to the bearing axis. As a result, the bearing is easily damaged. It not only increases the cost of accessories, but also affects the stable operation of the production line.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and provide a spiral tower chain conveyor that can overcome the meshing surface of the chain drive head and the corresponding driving vertical bar when driving the vertical bar to drive the chain forward.
  • the meshing gap in the circumferential direction of the turret is eliminated, and the loose gap is eliminated to improve the phenomenon that the mesh chain is too tight on the outside of the spiral tower.
  • a spiral tower mesh chain conveyor of the present invention includes a turret.
  • the mesh chain enters the outer periphery of the turret in a tangential direction and winds and extends along the spiral.
  • a plurality of rotors are evenly provided along the circumference of the turret.
  • Tower columns, the outer walls of all or part of the evenly spaced turret columns are respectively provided with driving vertical rods, and each link of the mesh chain is provided with a mesh chain driving head that meshes with the driving vertical rods near the inner side of the turret.
  • the outer wall of the entrance end of the turret column is respectively equipped with a guide block.
  • the outer wall of the guide block is provided with an extended range section and an introduction section in sequence along the contact sequence of the chain drive head.
  • the outer wall of the extended range section is flat and has transverse sides. Each is provided with arc chamfers, and the end of the introduction section is inclined toward the outer wall of the turret column.
  • each guide block is provided with a raised strip-shaped rib along the outer wall axis of the extended range section and the introduction section, and the outer edge of the end of each strip-shaped rib is outside the entrance end of the driving vertical rod. Even edges.
  • the outer side of the inlet end of the extended-range section strip-shaped rib is covered with a rib adjustment sleeve that can adjust the length of the rib, and the middle section of the back of the rib adjustment sleeve is provided with a rib integrally connected with it.
  • the tenon of the adjusting sleeve is embedded in the long groove of the guide block.
  • the long groove of the guide block extends along the axis of the guide block and runs through the thickness direction of the guide block.
  • the locking gasket covers the inside of the long groove of the guide block.
  • the port is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tenon of the adjusting sleeve through screws.
  • the two side walls of the long groove of the guide block are evenly and symmetrically provided with a plurality of pairs of concave arc grooves, and the two side walls of the convex tenon of the adjustment sleeve are provided with at least one pair of convex arc portions.
  • the arc portions are embedded in a pair of concave arc grooves and match each other; or the two side walls of the long groove of the guide block are evenly and symmetrically provided with multiple pairs of convex arc portions, and the two side walls of the adjusting sleeve convex tenon are provided with at least one Concave arc groove.
  • the rib adjustment sleeve gradually reduces in diameter near the inlet end and has a solid structure.
  • arc length difference L between the arc length of the spiral wound around the extended range section and the introduction section on the inside of the network chain and the arc length of the spiral wound along the turret column with the same phase angle; the entrance of the extended range section
  • the distance between the meshing surface of the chain driving head and the meshing surface of the driving vertical rod in the circumferential direction of the turret is defined as the meshing gap D1; only after the driving vertical rod engages the mesh chain driving head and drives the inner side of the mesh chain forward for a certain distance, can Overcoming the loose gap D2 drives the outside of the mesh chain to follow; the arc length difference L ⁇ meshing gap D1 + loose gap D2.
  • the entrance end of the guide block is also provided with a flat section and a climbing slope section.
  • the distance between the flat section and the turret axis is smaller than the distance between the extended range section and the turret axis.
  • the climbing slope section is connected between the plane section and the extended range section.
  • the inlet end of the guide block is also provided with a cylindrical section and an inlet slope section, and the distance between the cylindrical section and the turret axis is greater than the distance between the extended range section and the turret axis.
  • the entrance slope section is the transition slope between the cylinder section and the extended range section
  • the introduction section is the transition slope between the extended range section and the entrance end of the driving vertical rod.
  • the axial length of the inlet slope section is 1/5 to 1/3 of the axial length of the extended section.
  • the arc length difference caused by the axial length of the extended section and the thickness of the extended section makes the mesh chain The drive head can engage smoothly when it reaches the drive vertical rod.
  • a turret central shaft is provided in the center of the turret.
  • the upper and lower ends of the turret central shaft are respectively supported on the frame through bearings.
  • a main bearing seat is fixed at the bottom center of the frame.
  • the main bearing seat is provided with a ball socket with an upper end opening, and a matching outer spherical support body is supported in the ball socket.
  • the outer spherical support body is provided with a support countersunk hole, and the support body is installed in the countersunk hole.
  • the extended-range section of the guide block is a flat surface, and the introduction section is a gradually shrinking slope.
  • the arc length difference generated by the axial length of the extended-range section and the thickness of the extended-range section is used.
  • the strip-shaped protruding ribs on the axis of the extended range section and the introduction section limit the chain drive head to prevent the chain drive head located in front of the strip-shaped protruding rib in the rotation direction from being pulled by the tension of the straight-line traveling section. And the backward shift occurs to avoid accumulated errors.
  • the mesh chain drive heads can be adjusted to move closer to each other on the smooth outer wall without strip-like ribs at the entrance end of the extended range section. By moving the rib adjustment sleeve, the distance between the actual end of the rib and the entrance of the extended range section can be changed to find the best position.
  • the advantage of having only the extended range section and the introduction section in the guide block is that the extended range section has a long axial length, the protruding height in the radial direction of the turret is relatively small, and the outer radius of the chain at the position of the guide block increases less.
  • the guide block is equipped with a flat section, a climbing slope section, an extended-range section and an introduction section, forming a trapezoid with the extended-range section as the high point.
  • the net chain enters the turret from the straight-line traveling section and sets up a flat section and a climbing slope section. transition.
  • the guide block is equipped with a cylindrical section, an entrance slope section, an extended range section and an introduction section.
  • the extended range effect is relatively strong and is suitable for situations where the meshing clearance and loose clearance are relatively large.
  • the shoulder of the central axis of the turret is supported on the upper ring of the plane bearing to bear the gravity of the turret, network chain and cargo; at the same time, the outer spherical support body can swing at a certain angle in the main bearing seat to compensate for coaxiality and Verticality error.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the spiral tower mesh chain conveyor of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial working state diagram of the first embodiment of the guide block of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the guide block in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is the second exploded view of the guide block in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a partial working state diagram of the second embodiment of the guide block of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a partial working state diagram of the third embodiment of the guide block of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the arc-shaped limiting plate in Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a top view of the net chain entering the arc spiral section from the straight line section;
  • Figure 9 is a bottom view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the central axis of the turret
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a link of the network chain.
  • the terms “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “inner”, “outer”, etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the appended
  • the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and does not mean that the device must have a specific orientation.
  • the spiral tower mesh chain conveyor of the present invention includes a turret 1.
  • the mesh chain enters the outer periphery of the turret 1 along the tangential direction and winds and extends along the spiral.
  • a plurality of rotors are evenly arranged along the circumference of the turret 1.
  • the outer walls of the tower columns 1c and all or part of the evenly spaced turret columns 1c are respectively provided with driving vertical rods 1b.
  • Each link of the mesh chain is provided with a mesh chain driving head meshing with the driving vertical rod 1b on the inner side of the turret.
  • the outer wall of the inlet end of each turret column is equipped with a guide block 13, that is, the outer wall of the lower end of the ascending spiral turret column or the outer wall of the upper end of the descending spiral turret column is evenly provided with multiple guide blocks 13.
  • the outer wall of the guide block is provided with an extended range section 13c and an introduction section 13d in sequence along the contact sequence of the chain drive head.
  • the outer wall of the extended range section 13c is flat and has arcs on both sides.
  • the end of the lead-in section 13d is chamfered and inclined toward the outer wall of the turret column.
  • Each guide block is respectively provided with a raised strip-shaped rib 13e along the outer wall axis of the extended range section 13c and the introduction section 13d.
  • the end outer edge of each strip-shaped rib 13e is flush with the outer edge of the inlet end of the driving vertical rod 1b.
  • the strip-shaped protruding ribs 13e can prevent the mesh chain driving head 2a on the front side from moving backward, and play a role of stopping the back, preventing the tension of the straight-line traveling section from causing the inner side of the mesh chain to retreat; the strip-shaped protruding ribs 13e can also prevent the mesh chain driving head 2a from moving backward.
  • the mesh chain driving head 2a meshes with the driving vertical rod 1b more smoothly.
  • the distance between the end of the strip-shaped rib 13e and the inlet end of the extended-range section 13c usually accounts for one quarter of the length of the extended-range section 13c.
  • the outer side of the entrance end of the strip-shaped rib in the extended range section is covered with a rib adjustment sleeve 14 that can adjust the length of the rib.
  • the cross-section top of the rib adjustment sleeve 14 is semicircular, and both sides extend toward the outer wall of the guide block, nested and overlapped. It is connected to the strip-shaped convex rib 13e; it gradually shrinks in diameter near the entrance end and has a solid structure, that is, the entrance end is the thinnest and gradually becomes thicker.
  • the middle section of the back of the rib adjustment sleeve 14 is provided with an adjustment sleeve tenon 14a integrated with it.
  • the adjustment sleeve tenon 14a is embedded in the long groove 13h of the guide block.
  • the long groove 13h of the guide block extends along the axis of the guide block and penetrates the guide.
  • the locking washer 15 covers the inner port of the long groove 13h of the guide block and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting sleeve tenon 14a through screws.
  • the position of the adjusting sleeve tenon 14a can be adjusted in the long groove 13h of the guide block to change the overlap length of the rib adjusting sleeve 14 at the end of the strip-shaped rib 13e.
  • the entrance end of the solid section of the rib adjusting sleeve 14 serves as a strip-shaped protrusion. Rib adjusted end.
  • the two side walls of the long groove 13h of the guide block are evenly and symmetrically provided with multiple pairs of concave arc grooves 13j.
  • the two side walls of the adjusting sleeve tenon 14a are provided with at least one pair of convex arc portions 14a1, and the convex arc portions 14a1 are embedded in a certain pair of concave arcs. in slot 13j and match each other. In this way, the adjusting sleeve tenon 14a can move according to the grid in the long groove 13h of the guide block, and the distance of each movement is the center distance of the adjacent concave arc groove 13j.
  • the cooperation between the convex arc portion 14a1 and the concave arc groove 13j can realize the axial positioning of the tenon 14a of the adjusting sleeve.
  • the two side walls of the long groove 13h of the guide block can be evenly and symmetrically provided with multiple pairs of convex arc portions, and the two side walls of the adjusting sleeve tenon 14a can be provided with at least one pair of concave arc grooves, so that the adjusting sleeve tenon 14a can still be used in the guide. Positioning of block in slot 13h.
  • the radius difference brings about an arc length difference at the same central angle inside the network chain.
  • the arc length difference can offset the previous meshing gap and loose gap, and the driving vertical rod 1b immediately realizes the connection with the mesh chain driving head 2a Good meshing allows the driving vertical rod 1b to drive the inner side of the mesh chain forward normally. On the one hand, it no longer relies on the drag of the front chain, and on the other hand, the inside of the chain no longer moves backward.
  • the driving vertical rod 1b drives the inner side of the mesh chain forward for a certain distance before driving the outer side of the mesh chain to follow. This distance is defined as the slack gap D2.
  • a certain chain drive head 2a starts from the extended range section 13c that enters the guide block to the introduction section 13d that escapes from the guide block.
  • the central angle of the circle that the guide block rotates corresponding to the turret axis is defined as the extended range phase angle.
  • the difference is defined as the arc length difference L; the arc length difference L ⁇ meshing clearance D1 + loose clearance D2.
  • the ratio of L/(D1+D2) between the two towers can be inconsistent to help reduce the tension in the transition section of the twin-towers.
  • Figure 5 shows the second embodiment of the guide block.
  • the entrance end of the guide block is also provided with a flat section 13f and a climbing slope section 13g.
  • the distance between the flat section 13f and the turret axis is smaller than the distance between the extended range section 13c and the turret.
  • the distance between the axes, the climbing slope section 13g is connected between the flat section 13f and the extended range section 13c.
  • the extended range section 13c is the highest point, forming a trapezoidal cross-section with the climbing slopes on both sides and the introduction section 13d.
  • the inner end of the mesh chain gradually enters the climbing slope from the low flat section 13f, then enters the extended range section 13c, and then slides down through the introduction section 13d into the driving vertical rod 1b.
  • the length of the climbing slope is smaller than the length of other sections. Keeping it as short as possible can reduce the negative arc length difference it generates. The length of the extended range section 13c is longer, resulting in a large positive arc length difference. After offsetting the negative arc length difference of the climbing slope, the meshing gap D1 + slack gap D2 is compensated.
  • Figure 6 shows the third embodiment of the guide block.
  • the outer wall of the guide block 13 is provided with a cylindrical section 13a, an entrance slope section 13b, an extended range section 13c and an introduction section 13d in sequence along the contact sequence of the chain drive head 2a.
  • the distance between the outer wall of the range section and the turret axis is greater than the distance between the outer wall of the turret column and the turret axis; when a larger range extension is required, the distance between the outer wall of the range extension section and the turret axis can be greater than the driving vertical rod
  • the distance between the outer edge and the turret axis; the distance between the outer wall of the cylindrical section and the turret axis is greater than the distance between the outer wall of the extended range section and the turret axis.
  • the entrance slope section 13b is the distance between the cylindrical section 13a and the extended range section.
  • the transition slope between 13c and the introduction section 13d is the transition slope between the extended range
  • the inner side of the mesh chain can be rotated into the turret against the cylindrical section 13a of the guide block 13 and move closer to each other. Then the inner side of the mesh chain transitions through the entrance slope section 13b and then enters the extended range section 13c.
  • the cylindrical section 13a of the guide block 13 is larger than
  • the circumference of the extended range section 13c is larger by a certain radius, making the mesh chain more relaxed when it reaches the extended range section 13c from the cylindrical section 13a.
  • the driving vertical rod drives the inner side of the mesh chain to advance for a certain distance before driving the outer side of the mesh chain to follow. This distance is defined as the slack gap D2.
  • a certain network chain drive head 2a starts from the entrance slope section 13b of the guide block to the introduction section 13d of the guide block.
  • the central angle rotated by the guide block corresponding to the turret axis is defined as the extended range phase angle.
  • Each increment There is an arc length between the arc length of the spiral line wrapped around the entrance slope section 13b, the extended range section 13c and the introduction section 13d on the inside of the mesh chain corresponding to the phase angle, and the arc length of the spiral line wound along the turret column 1c with the same phase angle.
  • the arc length difference is defined as the arc length difference L.
  • the arc length difference L in this embodiment includes the arc length difference L1 brought by the inlet slope section 13b, the arc length difference L2 brought by the extended range section 13c, and the arc length difference L3 brought by the introduction section 13d.
  • a raised strip-shaped rib 13e is provided along the axis of the outer wall from the guide block inlet slope section 13b to the introduction section 13d.
  • One end of the strip-shaped rib 13e is flush with the guide block cylindrical section 13a, and the other end of the strip-shaped rib 13e is flush with the guide block cylindrical section 13a.
  • the entrance end of the driving vertical rod 1b is smoothly docked.
  • the length of the entrance slope section 13b along the axis of the drum is called the axial length of the entrance slope section
  • the length of the extended range section 13c along the axis of the drum is called the axial length of the extended range section
  • the axial length of the entrance slope section is the extended range section. 1/5 to 1/3 of the axial length.
  • the difference between the distance between the outer wall of the extended range section and the turret axis and the turret radius is equal to the thickness of the extended range section.
  • the turret radius is the distance between the outer wall of the turret column 1c and the turret axis.
  • the cylindrical section 13a and the extended range section 13c of the guide block can be a cylindrical arc centered on the turret axis, or can be approximately a plane; the entrance of the guide block
  • the inclined surface section 13b and the introduction section 13d can be a conical surface centered on the turret axis, or can be approximated as an inclined surface to simplify processing.
  • the network chain 2 enters the arc-shaped limit guide section from the straight-line traveling section 6 through the turning support section, extends along the spiral line from the arc-shaped limit guide section and is connected with the upper part of the turret 1
  • the arc spiral segment 11 is docked, and the mesh chain driving head 2a and the driving vertical rod 1b are meshed at the end of the arc-shaped limit guide segment.
  • the central angle ⁇ of the turning support segment relative to the turret axis is 20° to 60°. .
  • the outer and inner ends of the net chain 2 are not restricted and can be freely adjusted.
  • the net chain 2 is freely adjusted from a mutually parallel state to a fan-shaped open state, and then enters The arc-shaped limiting guide section is forced to guide, and the end of the arc-shaped limiting plate 8 is engaged with the driving vertical rod 1b.
  • the net chain 2 is evenly provided with anti-slip rubber strips 2d.
  • Each anti-slip rubber strip 2d extends along the width direction of the net chain. The bottom of the article falls on the anti-slip rubber strips 2d to prevent slipping.
  • the pitch change is relatively small near the outside of the net chain, and the anti-skid rubber strips 2d are arranged densely. Near the inner side of the net chain, the pitch changes greatly when turning.
  • An anti-slip rubber strip 2d is arranged at each station.
  • the turning supporting section is provided with a turning supporting pad rail 7 extending along the arc line.
  • the turning supporting pad rail 7 is evenly provided with a plurality of rollers supported at the bottom of the net chain, so that the resistance of the net chain in the turning supporting section is smaller. , which is more conducive to its free adjustment.
  • each driving vertical rod 1b is higher than the entrance height of the arc-shaped limit guide section and lower than the exit height of the arc-shaped limit guide section.
  • each driving vertical rod 1b is lower than the entrance height of the arc-shaped limit guide section and higher than the exit height of the arc-shaped limit guide section to prevent the net chain driving head 2a from entering.
  • the arc spiral segment 11 contacts the driving vertical rod 1b in front, forming interference.
  • arc-shaped limit plate 8 below the arc-shaped limit guide section, and there are limit protrusions extending downwards on the outside of each link of the mesh chain 2. Each limit protrusion is pressed against the arc-shaped limit plate. The plate 8 slides on the limited outer arc surface.
  • the distance between the middle section of the limiting outer arc surface and the outer wall of the turret is greater than the distance between both ends of the limiting outer arc surface and the outer wall of the turret.
  • the net chain driving head 2a At the entrance end of the arc-shaped limiting plate 8, the net chain driving head 2a is against the outer wall of the turret 1 and is not in contact with the driving vertical rod 1b; as the net chain advances to the middle section of the arc-shaped limiting plate 8, the net chain
  • the arc top of the driving head 2a gradually crosses the high point of the driving vertical rod 1b, and gradually enters into mesh; when the network chain travels to the exit end of the arc-shaped limiting plate 8, the rear groove of the network chain driving head 2a is in contact with the driving vertical rod 1b.
  • the rod 1b is fully engaged, and the driving vertical rod 1b drives the net chain driving head 2a and then drives the net chain to rotate and advance around the axis of the turret.
  • Synchronous gear wheels are installed at both ends of the two free shafts 9, and between the synchronized gear wheels on the same side They are connected by a synchronous toothed belt 10 , and the tops of the synchronous toothed belts 10 are respectively exposed from the escape grooves of the arc-shaped limiting plates 8 and are supported below the mesh chain 2 .
  • the tight outer side of the mesh chain 2 presses on the outer synchronous toothed belt 10 to drive it to rotate.
  • the outer synchronous toothed belt 10 drives the two free shafts 9 to rotate through the outer synchronous toothed wheels.
  • the two free shafts 9 pass through the inner synchronous gears.
  • the shaped wheel drives the inner synchronous toothed belt to rotate, and the synchronous toothed belt promotes the advancement of the inner mesh chain, which is conducive to more footage on the inner side and makes the mesh chain loose.
  • the shaft end of one of the free shafts can be driven by a reduction motor, so that the synchronous toothed belt 10 on the inside actively drives the net chain on the inside to move forward, and the purpose of loosening the net chain on the inside with more footage can be achieved in a more controllable manner.
  • a turret central axis 1a in the center of the turret 1.
  • the upper and lower ends of the turret central axis 1a are respectively supported on the frame 12 through bearings.
  • the mesh chain 2 enters the outer periphery of the turret 1 along the tangential direction and extends along the spiral line.
  • Each link of the mesh chain 2 is provided with a mesh chain driving head 2a close to the inner side of the turret 1.
  • the driving vertical rod 1b engages with some network chain driving heads 2a, driving the network chain 2 to follow the rotation of the turret 1.
  • the main bearing seat 3 is fixed at the center of the bottom of the frame 12.
  • the main bearing seat 3 is provided with a ball socket with an upper end opening.
  • a matching outer spherical support body 4 is supported in the ball socket.
  • the top of the outer spherical support body 4 is flat and has a There is a support body counterbore, a plane bearing 5 is installed in the support body counterbore, and the lower end of the turret central axis 1a is supported on the plane bearing 5.
  • the upper ring of the plane bearing 5 is a loose ring.
  • the shoulder of the turret central axis 1a is supported on the upper ring.
  • the upper ring is supported by a ball with a cage and rotates on the lower ring.
  • the lower ring is a tight ring and is fixed in the countersunk hole of the support body. bottom of.
  • the outer spherical support body 4 is supported in the main bearing seat 3 through a spherical surface and can bear a large axial weight.
  • the outer spherical support body 4 can also swing in the ball socket to realize the centering function and compensate for the error of the frame welding parts.
  • each link of the mesh chain is respectively provided with a pin hole 2b and a pin hole 2c that run through the width direction of the mesh chain.
  • the cross-sections of the pin hole 1 2b and the pin hole 2 2c are along the mesh chain.
  • An oblong shape extending in the direction, at least one third of the front side wall of the pin hole 2b of the outer sprocket teeth is tilted forward along the same slope, and at least one third of the front side wall of the pin hole 2b of the outer sprocket teeth is leaning forward.
  • the wall slopes back along another slope.
  • the front inclined surface and the front side wall of the straight hole form an angle ⁇ , so that the outer end of the chain pin 1 cannot contact the front inclined surface.
  • the focus point of the chain pin 1 and the pin hole 1 2b when turning is the front inclined surface and the flat hole.
  • the intersection point of the front side wall of the straight hole, that is, the focus point of chain pin one and pin hole one 2b, has moved inward by 1/3 of the width of the chain from the outermost sprocket tooth.
  • the rear inclined surface forms an angle ⁇ with the rear side wall of the straight hole, so that the outer end of the chain pin 2 cannot contact the rear inclined surface.
  • the focus point of the chain pin 2 and the pin hole 2 2c when turning is the rear inclined surface and the flat hole.
  • the intersection point of the rear side wall of the straight hole, that is, the focus point of chain pin 2 and pin hole 2c has been moved inward by 1/3 of the chain width from the outermost sprocket tooth, making the focus point closer to the center line of the chain width direction.
  • the distance between the force point and the inner end of the network chain is shortened, which is beneficial to the adjustment of the inner end of the network chain.

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  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
  • Framework For Endless Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

一种螺旋塔网链（2）输送机，网链（2）沿切向进入转塔（1）的外周且沿螺旋线缠绕延伸，沿转塔（1）的圆周均匀设有多根转塔立柱（1c）及驱动竖杆（1b），网链（2）的各链节靠近转塔（1）的内侧分别设有网链驱动头（2a），各转塔立柱（1c）的入口端外壁分别套装有导向块（13），导向块（13）的外壁沿网链驱动头（2a）的接触顺序依次设有增程段（13c）和导入段（13d），增程段（13c）的外壁为平面且横向两侧分别设有圆弧倒角，导入段（13d）的末端向转塔立柱（1c）的外壁倾斜。各导向块（13）沿增程段（13c）和导入段（13d）的外壁轴线分别设有隆起的条状凸肋（13e），各条状凸肋（13e）的末端外缘与驱动竖杆（1b）的入口端外缘平齐。增程段（13c）条状凸肋（13e）的入口端外侧覆盖有可调节凸肋长度的凸肋调节套（14）。

Description

一种螺旋塔网链输送机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种输送机，特别涉及一种螺旋塔网链输送机，属于输送设备技术领域。
背景技术
烘焙食品生产线需要采用高温对食品进行烘烤，从烤炉中取出的高温食品不能马上包装，需要经过较长时间的冷却输送，待食品完全冷却后再进行包装。螺旋塔网链输送机在占地较小的情况下，提供了很长的输送距离，从而可以获得更长的冷却时间，因而在食品烘焙行业得到了广泛的应用。
现有的螺旋塔网链输送机包括转塔，网链呈螺旋状缠绕在转塔的外周且跟随转塔同步转动，转塔的中心设有转塔中心轴，转塔中心轴的上下两端分别通过轴承座支撑在机架上；各层网链的底部分别支撑在螺旋环轨上滑行，各层螺旋环轨分别固定在径向支撑杆上，各径向支撑杆的外端头分别固定在立柱上，各立柱以转塔轴线为中心均匀分布。
现有的螺旋塔网链输送机存在如下不足之处：1、网链从直线行进段直接进入强制转向的弧形限位导向段，网链的各销轴从相互平行状态转变为外侧间距大于内侧间距的扇形状态。此过程中，网链内侧需要相互靠拢以适应外侧周长的变化。实际使用中，由于网链上承载着较重的货物，容易发生网链内侧尚未适应外侧周长变化时，驱动头提前与驱动竖杆啮合，使网链内侧受到驱动竖杆的反向限位，直线行进段对弧形限位导向段内侧的牵引受限，网链内侧连续的未适应累积到一定程度会使网链外侧的长度小于理论周长，造成网链外侧紧绷，使网链在螺旋塔上不能保持在松弛状态承载货物。
2、以导升型的螺旋塔输送机为例，转塔的下端外壁可以均匀设有多个导向块，以便于网链驱动头与驱动竖杆能够顺利啮合，常规的做法是导向块的下端设有圆柱面，圆柱面上方设有斜面，驱动竖杆的下端插接在导向块的斜面中，驱动竖杆的外缘与导向块的圆柱面平齐。网链各链节的网链驱动头首先顶在导向块的圆柱面或平面上旋入转筒，网链内侧收拢，网链驱动头逐个切入相应驱动竖杆的前侧。理想的工作状态为:驱动竖杆立即与网链驱动头实现良好啮合，并驱动网链内侧主动前进。
实际工作中发现，网链驱动头与相应驱动竖杆进入啮合前，首先要克服网链驱动头的啮合面与相应驱动竖杆的啮合面在转塔周向的啮合间隙；网链驱动头与相应驱动竖杆啮合后，驱动竖杆驱动网链内侧前进一段距离(即克服松垮间隙)后，才能带动网链外侧跟随前进，这样驱动竖杆才能真正驱动网链进行螺旋式旋转前进。网链后移并良好啮合后驱动的网链外侧紧绷，驱动竖杆的滞后驱动造成刚进入转塔的网链，其旋转前进的动力是依靠前上方螺旋网链的拖拽。相对于转塔及网链的外侧，网链驱动头所在的内侧进入转塔时始终存在一定的后移量，使网链内侧少进，外侧偏紧的重要原因，现有技术始终没有能够解决该问题。
3、由于机架是焊接件，转塔中心轴两端的轴承座很难保证比较高的同心度，且不能保证与地面的垂直度。为弥补上下两轴承座不同轴的误差，现有的解决方案是在轴承座 中安装一个很大的调心滚子轴承，来实现调心的目的；并且转塔中心轴下端的轴头采用拼接的方式，方便更换轴承。在运行过程中，因为调心滚子轴承调心后，轴承的内圈向一侧倾斜，调心滚子轴承既要承受径向力，又要承受垂直于轴承轴线的转塔轴向重力，导致该轴承很容易损坏。既增加了配件成本，又影响生产线的稳定运行。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种螺旋塔网链输送机，驱动竖杆驱动网链前进时，可以克服网链驱动头的啮合面与相应驱动竖杆的啮合面在转塔周向的啮合间隙，并且消除松垮间隙，改善网链在螺旋塔上外侧偏紧的现象。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明的一种螺旋塔网链输送机，包括转塔，网链沿切向进入转塔的外周且沿螺旋线缠绕延伸，沿转塔的圆周均匀设有多根转塔立柱，均匀间隔的全部或部分转塔立柱的外壁分别设有驱动竖杆，所述网链的各链节靠近转塔的内侧分别设有与驱动竖杆相啮合的网链驱动头，各转塔立柱的入口端外壁分别套装有导向块，所述导向块的外壁沿网链驱动头的接触顺序依次设有增程段和导入段，所述增程段的外壁为平面且横向两侧分别设有圆弧倒角，所述导入段的末端向转塔立柱的外壁倾斜。
作为本发明的改进，各所述导向块沿增程段和导入段的外壁轴线分别设有隆起的条状凸肋，各条状凸肋的末端外缘与所述驱动竖杆的入口端外缘平齐。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述增程段条状凸肋的入口端外侧覆盖有可调节凸肋长度的凸肋调节套，所述凸肋调节套的背面中段设有与之连为一体的调节套凸榫，所述调节套凸榫嵌于导向块长槽中，所述导向块长槽沿导向块的轴线延伸并贯通导向块的厚度方向，锁定垫片覆盖在导向块长槽的内端口并通过螺钉与调节套凸榫的底部固定连接。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导向块长槽的两侧壁均匀且对称设有多对凹弧槽，所述调节套凸榫的两侧壁设有至少一对凸弧部，所述凸弧部嵌于某对凹弧槽中且相互匹配；或者所述导向块长槽的两侧壁均匀且对称设有多对凸弧部，所述调节套凸榫的两侧壁设有至少一对凹弧槽。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述凸肋调节套靠近入口端逐渐缩径且为实心结构。
作为本发明的进一步改进，网链内侧缠绕在增程段及导入段的螺旋线弧长，与相同相位角沿转塔立柱缠绕的螺旋线弧长之间存在弧长差L；增程段入口处网链驱动头的啮合面与驱动竖杆啮合面之间在转塔周向存在的距离定义为啮合间隙D1；驱动竖杆与网链驱动头啮合后并驱动网链内侧前进一段距离，才能克服松垮间隙D2带动网链外侧跟随前进；弧长差L≥啮合间隙D1+松垮间隙D2。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导向块的入口端还设有平面段和上爬斜面段，所述平面段与转塔轴线之间的距离小于增程段与转塔轴线之间的距离，所述上爬斜面段连接在平面段与增程段之间。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导向块的入口端还设有柱面段和入口斜面段，所述柱面段与转塔轴线之间的距离大于所述增程段与转塔轴线之间的距离，所述入口斜面段为柱面段与增程段之间的过渡斜面，所述导入段为增程段与驱动竖杆入口端之间的过渡斜面。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述入口斜面段的轴向长度为增程段轴向长度的1/5 至1/3，增程段轴向长度及增程段厚度产生的弧长差使网链驱动头到达驱动竖杆时能够顺利啮合。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述转塔的中心设有转塔中心轴，转塔中心轴的上下两端分别通过轴承支撑在机架上，所述机架的底部中心固定有主轴承座，所述主轴承座设有上端开口的球窝，所述球窝中支撑有相匹配的外球面支撑体，所述外球面支撑体中设有支撑体沉孔，所述支撑体沉孔中安装有平面轴承，所述转塔中心轴的下端支撑在所述平面轴承上。
相对于现有技术，本发明取得了以下有益效果：1、导向块的增程段为平面，导入段为逐渐收缩的斜面，利用增程段轴向长度及增程段厚度产生的弧长差，弥补驱动竖杆与网链驱动头啮合时存在的啮合间隙和松垮间隙，使网链驱动头与驱动竖杆啮合后，网链外侧立即跟随转塔同步前进，使得缠绕在转塔外周的网链螺旋面处于松弛状态，避免发生紧绷。
2、增程段与导入段轴线上的条状凸肋对网链驱动头起限位作用，避免位于条状凸肋旋转方向前侧的网链驱动头，因直线行进段的张力牵引等原因而发生后移，从而避免产生积累误差。网链驱动头可以在增程段入口端未设置条状凸肋的光滑外壁调整位置，相互靠拢。通过移动凸肋调节套可以改变凸肋实际端头与增程段的入口之间的距离，以便找到最佳位置。
3、导向块仅设置增程段与导入段的优点是，增程段的轴向长度长，在转塔半径方向的凸起高度比较小，导向块位置的网链外侧半径增加少。
4、导向块设置平面段、上爬斜面段、增程段与导入段，形成以增程段为高点的梯形，网链从直线行进段进入转塔设置了平面段与上爬斜面段的过渡。
5、导向块设置柱面段、入口斜面段、增程段与导入段，增程效果比较强烈，适用于啮合间隙与松垮间隙比较大的情况。
6、转塔中心轴的台肩支撑在平面轴承的上环上，承受转塔、网链及货物的重力；同时外球面支撑体可以在主轴承座中摆动一定角度，以补偿同轴度及垂直度的误差。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明，附图仅提供参考与说明用，非用以限制本发明。
图1为本发明螺旋塔网链输送机的立体图；
图2为本发明导向块实施例一的局部工作状态图；
图3为图2中导向块的爆炸图一；
图4为图2中导向块的爆炸图二；
图5为本发明导向块实施例二的局部工作状态图；
图6为本发明导向块实施例三的局部工作状态图；
图7为图1中弧形限位板部位的放大图；
图8为网链从直线行进段进入圆弧螺旋段的俯视图；
图9为图8的仰视图；
图10为转塔中心轴部位的放大图；
图11为网链某链节的剖视放大图。
图中：1.转塔；1a.转塔中心轴；1b.驱动竖杆；1c.转塔立柱；2.网链；2a.网链驱动头；2b.销孔一；2c.销孔二；2d.防滑胶条；3.主轴承座；4.外球面支撑体；5.平面轴承；6.直线行进段；7.转弯承托垫轨；8.弧形限位板；9.自由轴；10.同步齿形带；11.圆弧螺旋段；12.机架；13.导向块；13a.柱面段；13b.入口斜面段；13c.增程段；13d.导入段；13e.条状凸肋；13f.平面段；13g.上爬斜面段；13h.导向块长槽；13j.凹弧槽；14.凸肋调节套；14a.调节套凸榫；14a1.凸弧部；15.锁定垫片。
具体实施方式
在本发明的以下描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指装置必须具有特定的方位。
如图1所示，本发明的螺旋塔网链输送机包括转塔1，网链沿切向进入转塔1的外周且沿螺旋线缠绕延伸，沿转塔1的圆周均匀设有多根转塔立柱1c，均匀间隔的全部或部分转塔立柱1c的外壁分别设有驱动竖杆1b，网链的各链节靠近转塔的内侧分别设有与驱动竖杆1b相啮合的网链驱动头2a，各转塔立柱的入口端外壁分别套装有导向块13，即上升螺旋的转塔立柱下端外壁或下降螺旋的转塔立柱上端外壁均匀设有多个导向块13。
如图2至图4所示，导向块的外壁沿网链驱动头的接触顺序依次设有增程段13c和导入段13d，增程段13c的外壁为平面且横向两侧分别设有圆弧倒角，导入段13d的末端向转塔立柱的外壁倾斜。
各导向块沿增程段13c和导入段13d的外壁轴线分别设有隆起的条状凸肋13e，各条状凸肋13e的末端外缘与驱动竖杆1b的入口端外缘平齐，实现光滑对接；条状凸肋13e可以阻止其前侧的网链驱动头2a后移，起到止退的作用，避免直线行进段的张力使网链内侧产生后退；条状凸肋13e还可以使网链驱动头2a更加顺利地与驱动竖杆1b实现啮合。条状凸肋13e的端头与增程段13c的入口端的距离通常占增程段13c长度的四分之一。
增程段条状凸肋的入口端外侧覆盖有可调节凸肋长度的凸肋调节套14，凸肋调节套14的截面顶部为半圆形，两侧向导向块外壁延伸，嵌套并搭接在条状凸肋13e上；靠近入口端逐渐缩径且为实心结构，即入口端最细，逐渐增粗。
凸肋调节套14的背面中段设有与之连为一体的调节套凸榫14a，调节套凸榫14a嵌于导向块长槽13h中，导向块长槽13h沿导向块的轴线延伸并贯通导向块的厚度方向，锁定垫片15覆盖在导向块长槽13h的内端口并通过螺钉与调节套凸榫14a的底部固定连接。
调节套凸榫14a可以在导向块长槽13h中调整位置，以改变凸肋调节套14在条状凸肋13e端头的搭接长度，凸肋调节套14实心段的入口端作为条状凸肋调整后的端头。
导向块长槽13h的两侧壁均匀且对称设有多对凹弧槽13j，调节套凸榫14a的两侧壁设有至少一对凸弧部14a1，凸弧部14a1嵌于某对凹弧槽13j中且相互匹配。如此调节套凸榫14a在导向块长槽13h中可以按格移动，每次移动的距离为相邻凹弧槽13j的中心距。凸弧部14a1与凹弧槽13j的配合可以实现调节套凸榫14a的轴向定位。
也可以导向块长槽13h的两侧壁均匀且对称设有多对凸弧部，调节套凸榫14a的两侧壁设有至少一对凹弧槽，仍可以实现调节套凸榫14a在导向块长槽13h中的定位。
调节套凸榫14a的位置调整合适后，在导向块长槽13h的内端口覆盖锁定垫片15， 螺钉穿过锁定垫片15旋入调节套凸榫14a的底部螺孔中。
由于增程段13c所在圆周的半径比驱动竖杆1b所在圆周的半径更大，半径差带来了网链内侧相同圆心角的弧长差。网链从增程段13c经导入段13d过渡后，进入与驱动竖杆1b啮合时，弧长差可抵消以往的啮合间隙和松垮间隙，驱动竖杆1b立刻实现与网链驱动头2a的良好啮合，使驱动竖杆1b可以正常驱动网链的内侧前进。一方面不再依靠前方网链的拖拽，另一方面网链内侧不再产生后移。
从周向看，增程段13c入口处的网链驱动头啮合面与驱动竖杆啮合面之间在转塔周向存在一段距离，该距离定义为啮合间隙D1。网链驱动头2a与相应驱动竖杆啮合后，驱动竖杆1b驱动网链内侧前进一段距离后，才能带动网链外侧跟随前进，该段距离被定义为松垮间隙D2。
某个网链驱动头2a从开始进入导向块的增程段13c，到脱离导向块的导入段13d，该导向块对应转塔轴线所转过的圆心角定义为增程相位角，每个增程相位角所对应的网链内侧缠绕在增程段13c及导入段13d的螺旋线弧长，与相同相位角沿转塔立柱1c缠绕的螺旋线弧长之间存在弧长差，该弧长差定义为弧长差L；弧长差L≥啮合间隙D1+松垮间隙D2。
L/(D1+D2)的比值越大，则网链的外侧越松，实现松弛输送，承载能力更强，以确保驱动竖杆1b及时驱动网链驱动头2a前进。如此可避免松垮间隙带来的积累误差，也避免网链内侧滞后或少进造成的网链紧绷。
双塔应用中，两塔L/(D1+D2)的比值可以不一致，以利于减小双塔过渡段的张紧力。
如图5所示为导向块的实施例二，导向块的入口端还设有平面段13f和上爬斜面段13g，平面段13f与转塔轴线之间的距离小于增程段13c与转塔轴线之间的距离，上爬斜面段13g连接在平面段13f与增程段13c之间。增程段13c为最高点，与两侧的上爬斜面和导入段13d构成梯形截面。网链内端头从低的平面段13f逐渐进入上爬斜面，然后进入增程段13c，然后通过导入段13d下滑进入驱动竖杆1b。上爬斜面的长度小于其它各段的长度，尽量短可以减小其产生的负弧长差。增程段13c的长度较长，产生大的正弧长差，抵消上爬斜面的负弧长差后，弥补啮合间隙D1+松垮间隙D2。
如图6所示为导向块的实施例三，导向块13的外壁沿网链驱动头2a的接触顺序依次设有柱面段13a、入口斜面段13b、增程段13c和导入段13d，增程段外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离大于转塔立柱外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离；在需要较大增程时，增程段外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离可以大于驱动竖杆外缘与转塔轴线之间的距离；柱面段外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离大于增程段外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离，入口斜面段13b为柱面段13a与增程段13c之间的过渡斜面，导入段13d为增程段13c与驱动竖杆1b入口端之间的过渡斜面。
网链内侧可以抵靠在导向块13的柱面段13a上旋入转塔，相互靠拢，然后网链内侧经入口斜面段13b过渡后进入增程段13c，导向块13的柱面段13a比增程段13c所在的圆周大出一定的半径，使网链从柱面段13a到达增程段13c时更加松弛。
从俯视方向看，入口斜面段13b网链驱动头的啮合面与驱动竖杆啮合面之间在转塔周向存在一段距离，该距离定义为啮合间隙D1。网链驱动头2a与相应驱动竖杆啮合后，驱动竖杆驱动网链内侧前进一段距离后，才能带动网链外侧跟随前进，该段距离被定义为松垮间隙D2。
某个网链驱动头2a从开始进入导向块的入口斜面段13b，到脱离导向块的导入段13d，该导向块对应转塔轴线所转过的圆心角定义为增程相位角，每个增程相位角所对应的网链内侧缠绕在入口斜面段13b、增程段13c及导入段13d的螺旋线弧长，与相同相位角沿转塔立柱1c缠绕的螺旋线弧长之间存在弧长差，该弧长差定义为弧长差L。该实施例的弧长差L包括入口斜面段13b带来的弧长差L1、增程段13c带来的弧长差L2和导入段13d带来的弧长差L3。
沿导向块入口斜面段13b至导入段13d的外壁轴线设有隆起的条状凸肋13e，条状凸肋13e的一端与导向块柱面段13a平齐，条状凸肋13e的另一端与驱动竖杆1b的入口端光滑对接。
入口斜面段13b沿转筒轴线方向的长度称为入口斜面段轴向长度，增程段13c沿转筒轴线方向的长度称为增程段轴向长度，入口斜面段轴向长度为增程段轴向长度的1/5至1/3。
增程段外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离与转塔半径之间的差额等于增程段厚度，转塔半径为转塔立柱1c外壁与转塔轴线之间的距离，增程段轴向长度及增程段厚度产生的弧长差使网链驱动头2a到达驱动竖杆时能够顺利啮合。
相对于转塔的周长，导向块的宽度很小，导向块的柱面段13a及增程段13c可以为以转塔轴线为中心的圆柱弧面，也可以近似为平面；导向块的入口斜面段13b和导入段13d可以为以转塔轴线为中心的圆锥面，也可以近似为斜面，以简化加工。
如图1、图7至图9所示，网链2从直线行进段6经转弯承托段进入弧形限位导向段，从弧形限位导向段沿螺旋线延伸且与转塔1上的圆弧螺旋段11对接，在弧形限位导向段的末端实现网链驱动头2a与驱动竖杆1b的啮合，转弯承托段相对于转塔轴线的圆心角γ为20°～60°。在转弯承托段，网链2的外端及内端均不受限，自由调整位置，经过一段圆弧的调整，网链2由相互平行的状态，自由调整为扇形张开状态，然后进入弧形限位导向段强制导向，在弧形限位板8的末端实现与驱动竖杆1b的啮合。
网链2上均匀设有防滑胶条2d，各防滑胶条2d沿网链的幅宽方向延伸，物品的底部落在防滑胶条2d上避免滑移。网链从直线行进段6进入转弯时，靠近网链外侧的部位，节距变化比较小，防滑胶条2d布置比较密集。靠近网链内侧的位置，转弯时节距变化比较大，每个工位布置一个防滑胶条2d。
转弯承托段设有沿圆弧线延伸的转弯承托垫轨7，转弯承托垫轨7均匀设有多个支撑在网链底部的滚轮，使网链在转弯承托段的阻力更小，更利于其自由调整。
对于导升型的网链输送机，各驱动竖杆1b的下端高于弧形限位导向段的入口高度，且低于弧形限位导向段的出口高度。
对于导降型的网链输送机，各驱动竖杆1b的上端低于弧形限位导向段的入口高度，且高于弧形限位导向段的出口高度，避免网链驱动头2a在进入圆弧螺旋段11前接触到驱动竖杆1b，形成干涉。
弧形限位导向段的下方设有弧形限位板8，网链2的各链节外侧分别设有向下延伸的限位凸起，各限位凸起分别抵靠在弧形限位板8的限位外弧面上滑行。
限位外弧面的中段与转塔外壁之间的距离大于限位外弧面的两端与转塔外壁之间的距离。
在弧形限位板8的入口端，网链驱动头2a抵靠在转塔1的外壁，与驱动竖杆1b不接触；随着网链向弧形限位板8的中段前进，网链驱动头2a的弧顶逐渐越过驱动竖杆1b的高点，并且逐渐进入啮合；当网链行进至弧形限位板8的出口端时，网链驱动头2a的后侧凹槽与驱动竖杆1b完全啮合，由驱动竖杆1b带动网链驱动头2a进而带动网链绕转塔轴线旋转前进。
弧形限位板8的下方设有两根相互平行或沿转塔径向延伸的自由轴9，两自由轴9的两端分别安装有同步齿形轮，同侧的同步齿形轮之间通过同步齿形带10相连，同步齿形带10的顶部分别从弧形限位板8的避让槽中露出且支撑在网链2的下方。
网链2的紧绷外侧压在外侧的同步齿形带10上带动其回转，外侧同步齿形带10通过外侧的同步齿形轮带动两自由轴9转动，两自由轴9通过内侧的同步齿形轮带动内侧的同步齿形带回转，同步齿形带促进内侧的网链前进，有利于内侧多进尺，使网链松弛。
其中一根自由轴的轴端可以由减速电机驱动，使内侧的同步齿形带10主动带动内侧的网链前进，更可控地实现内侧多进尺使网链松弛的目的。
如图10所示，转塔1的中心设有转塔中心轴1a，转塔中心轴1a的上下两端分别通过轴承支撑在机架12上，沿转塔的外周均匀设有多根沿竖向延伸的驱动竖杆1b，网链2沿切向进入转塔1的外周且沿螺旋线缠绕延伸，网链2的各链节靠近转塔1的内侧分别设有网链驱动头2a，进入转塔1的外周后，驱动竖杆1b与某些网链驱动头2a啮合，带动网链2跟随转塔1旋转。
机架12的底部中心固定有主轴承座3，主轴承座3设有上端开口的球窝，球窝中支撑有相匹配的外球面支撑体4，外球面支撑体4的顶部为平面且设有支撑体沉孔，支撑体沉孔中安装有平面轴承5，转塔中心轴1a的下端支撑在平面轴承5上。
平面轴承5的上环为松环，转塔中心轴1a的台肩支撑在上环上，上环通过带保持架的滚珠支撑在下环上转动，下环为紧环，固定在支撑体沉孔的底部。外球面支撑体4通过球面支撑在主轴承座3中可以承受很大的轴向重量。外球面支撑体4还可以在球窝中摆动，实现调心的功能，补偿机架焊接件的误差。
如图11所示，网链的每个链节分别设有贯穿网链幅宽方向的销孔一2b和销孔二2c，销孔一2b和销孔二2c的横截面为沿网链前进方向延伸的长圆形，至少三分之一靠外侧链齿的销孔一2b的前侧壁沿同一个斜面向前倾斜，至少三分之一靠外侧链齿的销孔二2c的后侧壁沿另一个斜面向后倾斜。
前倾斜面与平直孔前侧壁形成夹角α，使链销一的外端头接触不到前倾斜面，链销一与销孔一2b在转弯时的着力点为前倾斜面与平直孔前侧壁的交点，即链销一与销孔一2b的着力点从最外侧的链齿向内移动了1/3网链幅宽。
后倾斜面与平直孔后侧壁形成夹角β，使链销二的外端头接触不到后倾斜面，链销二与销孔二2c在转弯时的着力点为后倾斜面与平直孔后侧壁的交点，即链销二与销孔二2c的着力点从最外侧的链齿向内移动了1/3网链幅宽，使着力点更加靠近网链幅度方向的中线，缩短了着力点与网链内端头之间的距离，有利于网链内端头的调整。
以上所述仅为本发明之较佳可行实施例而已，非因此局限本发明的专利保护范围。除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围内。本发明未经描述的技术特征可以通过或采用现 有技术实现，在此不再赘述。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种螺旋塔网链输送机，包括转塔，网链沿切向进入转塔的外周且沿螺旋线缠绕延伸，沿转塔的圆周均匀设有多根转塔立柱，其特征在于：均匀间隔的全部或部分转塔立柱的外壁分别设有驱动竖杆，所述网链的各链节靠近转塔的内侧分别设有与驱动竖杆相啮合的网链驱动头，各转塔立柱的入口端外壁分别套装有导向块，所述导向块的外壁沿网链驱动头的接触顺序依次设有增程段和导入段，所述增程段的外壁为平面且横向两侧分别设有圆弧倒角，所述导入段的末端向转塔立柱的外壁倾斜。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：各所述导向块沿增程段和导入段的外壁轴线分别设有隆起的条状凸肋，各条状凸肋的末端外缘与所述驱动竖杆的入口端外缘平齐。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述增程段条状凸肋的入口端外侧覆盖有可调节凸肋长度的凸肋调节套，所述凸肋调节套的背面中段设有与之连为一体的调节套凸榫，所述调节套凸榫嵌于导向块长槽中，所述导向块长槽沿导向块的轴线延伸并贯通导向块的厚度方向，锁定垫片覆盖在导向块长槽的内端口并通过螺钉与调节套凸榫的底部固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述导向块长槽的两侧壁均匀且对称设有多对凹弧槽，所述调节套凸榫的两侧壁设有至少一对凸弧部，所述凸弧部嵌于某对凹弧槽中且相互匹配；或者所述导向块长槽的两侧壁均匀且对称设有多对凸弧部，所述调节套凸榫的两侧壁设有至少一对凹弧槽。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述凸肋调节套靠近入口端逐渐缩径且为实心结构。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：网链内侧缠绕在增程段及导入段的螺旋线弧长，与相同相位角沿转塔立柱缠绕的螺旋线弧长之间存在弧长差L；增程段入口处网链驱动头的啮合面与驱动竖杆啮合面之间在转塔周向存在的距离定义为啮合间隙D1；驱动竖杆与网链驱动头啮合后并驱动网链内侧前进一段距离，才能克服松垮间隙D2带动网链外侧跟随前进；弧长差L≥啮合间隙D1+松垮间隙D2。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述导向块的入口端还设有平面段和上爬斜面段，所述平面段与转塔轴线之间的距离小于增程段与转塔轴线之间的距离，所述上爬斜面段连接在平面段与增程段之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述导向块的入口端还设有柱面段和入口斜面段，所述柱面段与转塔轴线之间的距离大于所述增程段与转塔轴线之间的距离，所述入口斜面段为柱面段与增程段之间的过渡斜面，所述导入段为增程段与驱动竖杆入口端之间的过渡斜面。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述入口斜面段的轴向长度为增程段轴向长度的1/5至1/3，增程段轴向长度及增程段厚度产生的弧长差使网链驱动头到达驱动竖杆时能够顺利啮合。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的螺旋塔网链输送机，其特征在于：所述转塔的中心设有转塔中心轴，转塔中心轴的上下两端分别通过轴承支撑在机架上，所述机架的底部中心固定有主轴承座，所述主轴承座设有上端开口的球窝，所述球窝中支撑有相匹配的外球面支撑体，所述外球面支撑体中设有支撑体沉孔，所述支撑体沉孔中安装有平面轴承，所 述转塔中心轴的下端支撑在所述平面轴承上。
PCT/CN2022/112772 2022-05-24 2022-08-16 一种螺旋塔网链输送机 WO2023226206A1 (zh)

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