WO2023216537A1 - 一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮及制备方法和涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮及制备方法和涂料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023216537A1
WO2023216537A1 PCT/CN2022/131816 CN2022131816W WO2023216537A1 WO 2023216537 A1 WO2023216537 A1 WO 2023216537A1 CN 2022131816 W CN2022131816 W CN 2022131816W WO 2023216537 A1 WO2023216537 A1 WO 2023216537A1
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temperature
reaction
crosslinking
hours
temperature self
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PCT/CN2022/131816
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English (en)
French (fr)
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查超
李晓
赵芸
常浩
焦晓光
矫庆泽
冯彩虹
黎汉生
史大昕
张耀远
秦兵
赵俊
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铜陵精达特种电磁线股份有限公司
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Priority to US18/210,669 priority Critical patent/US20240043716A1/en
Publication of WO2023216537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023216537A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
    • C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
    • C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
    • C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
    • C08G65/4056—(I) or (II) containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
    • C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
    • C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
    • C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
    • C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
    • C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
    • C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
    • C08G65/4018—(I) or (II) containing halogens other than as leaving group (X)
    • C08G65/4025—(I) or (II) containing fluorine other than as leaving group (X)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
    • C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
    • C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
    • C08G65/4087—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group characterised by the catalyst used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
    • C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
    • C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
    • C08G65/4093—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group characterised by the process or apparatus used
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D171/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
    • C09D171/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/42—Gloss-reducing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2650/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G2650/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type
    • C08G2650/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type containing oxygen in addition to the ether group
    • C08G2650/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type containing oxygen in addition to the ether group containing ketone groups, e.g. polyarylethylketones, PEEK or PEK

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of polyaryl ether ketone, and specifically to a high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone and a preparation method thereof, as well as a coating including the same and a preparation method of the coating.
  • Enameled wire is made of copper, aluminum, manganese-copper alloy and other metal wires coated with polymer insulating varnish (enameled wire varnish). It is widely used in the transmission of electrical energy in electromagnetic coils, industrial engines and other devices. With the rapid development of industrial appliances, household appliances, telecommunications, electronic products, etc., the market demand for enameled wire has expanded rapidly in recent years. However, at the same time, as electrical appliances and motors are developing in the direction of small size and high power, as well as in some special fields Higher requirements have been put forward for enameled wires.
  • enameled wire varnish which is a special-purpose insulating varnish.
  • enameled wire paint is a coating that can produce a good insulation layer between wires in motor windings. It is mainly used for bare copper wires and alloy wires of various wire diameters. And the outer layer of glass fiber covered wire to improve and stabilize the performance of enameled wire.
  • the enameled wire varnish In various electrical appliances, there are high requirements for the performance of enameled wire varnish.
  • the enameled wire varnish must have high mechanical strength, good compatibility with impregnating varnish, and high heat resistance. , impact resistance and oil resistance, etc.
  • the performance of the enameled wire varnish covering the wires are higher requirements for the performance of the enameled wire varnish covering the wires.
  • the widely used high-temperature insulating paint is mainly polyimide.
  • Polyaryl ether ketone is a type of high-performance engineering plastics with excellent comprehensive properties. It has outstanding advantages such as high heat resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, moisture and heat resistance, radiation resistance and chemical stability. It is widely used in aerospace, Electronics, machinery, information, automobile and nuclear industries and other fields. However, due to the poor solubility of polyaryl ether ketone, the traditional solution method cannot be used, and enameled wires can only be made by melt processing.
  • Chinese patent CN102139263A discloses a method of using polyetheretherketone thermally conductive insulating coating. The method is to directly apply the polyetheretherketone thermally conductive insulating coating without cooling after preparation to the base material, dry it at high temperature and then sinter it in a vacuum. A base material whose surface is coated with polyetheretherketone is obtained.
  • fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone Due to the introduction of fluorine into the main chain or side chain, fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone can maintain high thermal stability while improving solubility, so it can be used in coatings.
  • Chinese patent CN101067021A discloses a nano-alumina modified (fluorine-containing) polyaryl ether ketone polymer and the preparation of its nano-enamel paint, using nano-alumina modified (fluorine-containing) polyaryl ether ketone polymer as the matrix resin Preparation of nano enamel paint has good comprehensive performance and low cost performance.
  • CN202111023864.1 discloses a two-component coating of fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone.
  • the coating forms a cross-linked structure polymer coating after film formation and solidification, providing good wear resistance, Low friction coefficient, anti-fouling, flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant coating surface.
  • catalysts due to the addition of catalysts to the components, the electrical insulation properties of the enameled wire paint have declined, and a two-component mixing and paint preparation process needs to be added before painting, resulting in process Complex, in large-scale actual production, production costs inevitably increase.
  • the existing polyimide high-temperature resistant coating has poor moisture and heat resistance
  • the insulation of the two-component fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone coating is reduced
  • the painting process is complex and costly.
  • the present invention provides a high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone.
  • the molecular chain of the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone contains two cross-linking groups: styrene group and thioether group.
  • the styrene group serves as The end-capping group and the thioether group are used as segment groups, and the temperature range of the high-temperature self-crosslinking temperature is 80 to 350°C.
  • Polyether aromatic ketones containing the above two groups can be dissolved in conventional organic solvents to prepare coatings or lacquers. They are linear at low temperatures and do not undergo cross-linking reactions.
  • Cross-linking reactions occur during the high-temperature curing process after coating to form cross-linking reactions.
  • the joint structure polymer coating provides a coating surface with good resistance to moisture, heat, wear, and low friction coefficient, and can also reduce production costs and ensure that the enameled wire can still maintain good performance in harsh working environments of high temperature, pressure, and high humidity. Electrical insulation.
  • the low temperature ranges from 25 to 80°C.
  • the high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone is used as a base resin for coatings or lacquers to produce coatings.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone, which is carried out according to the following steps:
  • reaction formula of the preparation process of the high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone containing styrene group and thioether group is as follows:
  • the value range of m is 1-40% (m+n), and the value range of n is 60-99% (m+n).
  • the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone can be random copolymer, so Only the proportion of each repeating group in the total length of the molecular chain m+n is calculated, and the length of its repeated single segment is not limited. That is, the value of m is 1-40% of the total length of the segment m+n.
  • n 60-99% of the total length of the chain segment m+n; the -CF 3 group in the R group can also be replaced by a fluorophenyl group, that is, hexafluorobisphenol A can be replaced by fluorobenzene.
  • the R group is the group of hexafluorobisphenol A except for the phenolic hydroxyl group.
  • step S1 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, hexafluorobisphenol A, 4,4'-dihydroxy-p-phenylene sulfide, anhydrous potassium carbonate, 4-vinyl benzyl chloride
  • the molar ratio is 0.1803:0.159075-0.201495:0.010605-0.053025:0.252:0.013104-0.065522.
  • the process is as above. Under the condition that the sum of the molar amounts of hexafluorobisphenol A and 4,4'-dihydroxy-p-phenylene sulfide is 0.2121 mol, it is controlled by changing the mole fraction of 4,4'-dihydroxy-p-phenylene sulfide.
  • the content of thioether groups can be controlled by changing the amount of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride in the system.
  • the invention also provides a coating containing high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone, including high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone containing styrene groups and thioether groups, and high-temperature self-crosslinking styrene group-containing fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone.
  • high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone including high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone containing styrene groups and thioether groups, and high-temperature self-crosslinking styrene group-containing fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone.
  • the amount of the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone containing styrene groups and thioether groups is 10 to 60 phr, and the styrene group-containing polyaryl ether ketone is self-thermal cross-linked.
  • the dosage of polyaryl ether ketone is 10 to 60 phr
  • the dosage of the sulfide group-containing autothermal cross-linked polyaryl ether ketone is 10 to 60 phr
  • the dosage of the solvent is 30 to 70 phr
  • the dosage of the diluent is 10 ⁇ 40phr.
  • the coating also includes a leveling agent and a lubricant.
  • the leveling agent is used in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 phr, and the lubricant is used in an amount of 1 to 10 phr.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing a high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone coating, which includes step S1 as described above, and steps S2 and S3.
  • the specific contents are as follows:
  • reaction formula of the preparation process of the high-temperature self-crosslinking FPEEK containing styrene is as follows:
  • the value range of m is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the -CF 3 group in the R group can also be replaced by a fluorophenyl group, that is, hexafluorobisphenol A can be replaced by fluorobenzene, and the R group is Hexafluorobisphenol A has the phenolic hydroxyl group removed and its structural formula is as follows:
  • the thioether-based high-temperature self-crosslinking FPEEK white polymer powder was obtained in 16 to 20 hours, with a yield of 95%;
  • reaction formula of the preparation process of the high-temperature self-crosslinking FPEEK containing thioether groups is as follows:
  • the value range of m is 1-40% (m+n), and the value range of n is 60-99% (m+n).
  • the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone can be a random copolymer, so Only the proportion of each repeating group in the total molecular segment length is calculated, and the length of its repeated single segment is not limited, that is, the value of m is 1-40% of the total segment length m+n, n The value range is 60-99% of the total length of the chain segment m+n.
  • the -CF 3 group in the R group can also be replaced by a fluorophenyl group, that is, hexafluorobisphenol A can be replaced by fluorobenzene, and the R group
  • the group is the group of hexafluorobisphenol A except for the phenolic hydroxyl group.
  • the process is as above. Under the condition that the sum of the molar amounts of hexafluorobisphenol A and 4,4'-dihydroxy-p-phenylene sulfide is 0.2121 mol, by changing the mole fraction of 4,4'-dihydroxy-p-phenylene sulfide to 2.5%, 7.5%, and 12.5%. After the same treatment as the above process, thioether-based autothermal cross-linked FPEEK white polymer powder with mole fractions of 2.5%, 7.5%, and 12.5% was obtained respectively, with a yield of 95%.
  • Coating preparation Dissolve the refined and dried FPEEK from steps S1 to S3 in a solvent.
  • the solvent dosage is 30-70phr, the solid content ranges between 10-50phr, and the dissolution process is carried out in the range of 20-40°C.
  • auxiliaries include diluents, and the dosage of diluents is 10-40 phr.
  • step S2 the molar ratio of 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, hexafluorobisphenol A, anhydrous potassium carbonate, and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride is 0.1803:0.159075-0.201495:0.252: 0.013104-0.065522.
  • step S3 the molar ratio of 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone, hexafluorobisphenol A, 4,4'-dihydroxy-p-phenylene sulfide and anhydrous potassium carbonate is 0.1803:0.159075 -0.201495:0.010605-0.053025:0.252.
  • the solvent in step S4 is chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, N,N-dimethylamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and dimethylacetamide.
  • chloroform 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, N,N-dimethylamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and dimethylacetamide.
  • the diluent in step S4 is one or a mixture of toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane, and decane.
  • the additives also include lubricants and leveling agents.
  • the lubricant is one or a mixture of polyethylene wax, polyester wax, polyamide wax, polytetrafluoroethylene wax, and palm wax.
  • the leveling agent is one or a mixture of low molecular weight acrylic copolymer, polyether modified polysiloxane, and silicone polymer.
  • the low molecular weight acrylic copolymer refers to an acrylic copolymer with a chain segment length of 500-3000.
  • the polyether-modified polysiloxane is polyether-grafted dimethylpolysiloxane with a chain segment length of 2000-5000, TRSE (polyether-modified heptamethyltrisiloxane surfactant), TESE ( Polyether modified octamethyltetrasiloxane surfactant), S-7, S-8 type polyether modified polysiloxane defoamer and Si-C type polyether modified polysiloxane foaming agent One or a mixture of several agents.
  • the silicone polymer is calcium carbonate filled silicone sealant, modified silicone sealing material Carneka Ms polymer, silicone-polyimide synthetic halogen-free elastomer with a chain segment length of 2000-5000 One or a mixture of several block copolymers (SILTEM). Silicone sealant is added to the paint as an anti-wear coating material to increase the wear resistance of the paint.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone of the present invention introduces the cross-linking group vinyl group and the thioether group into the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone molecular chain, and the end group is a styrene group, and the middle of the molecular chain contains
  • fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone can dissolve in conventional organic solvents due to the introduction of fluorine-containing substituents, so it can be used in coatings for coating matrix resins; normal temperature conditions Its linear structure can be dissolved in conventional organic solvents.
  • the thioether bonds and vinyl in the coating film can cross-link themselves when heated, and the coating resin becomes a three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, making the coating more durable at high temperatures.
  • the oil resistance, hydrolysis resistance and moisture and heat resistance are significantly improved to meet the long-term needs of special coatings in harsh working environments such as high temperature, high pressure and high humidity; specifically, the high temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyarylene of the present application
  • Coatings prepared from ether ketone resin can be used stably in environments with high temperatures above 150°C, 2 atmospheric pressures, and relative humidity above 70%.
  • Figure 1 - is a reaction diagram of the preparation process of the high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone of the present invention.
  • Example 1 This example provides a method for synthesizing a fluorine-containing polyether ether ketone (FPEEK) resin containing two cross-linking groups: styrene group and thioether group to synthesize the resin:
  • FPEEK fluorine-containing polyether ether ketone
  • Example 2 This example provides a styrene-based high-temperature self-crosslinking FPEEK resin synthesis method to synthesize the resin:
  • reaction solvent NMP 35.1808g (0.252mol) of anhydrous potassium carbonate and 420ml of reaction solvent NMP, stir and raise the temperature to 120°C for 2 hours, remove the water generated by the reaction, and then raise the temperature to 180°C to continue the reaction for 3 hours; after the high-temperature polymerization reaction is completed, wait for the reaction system to cool down to room temperature, add 3.2g (0.021mol) of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride at room temperature and stir for 20 to 25 hours until the reaction is completed. Pour the reaction product into deionized water. After cooling, crush the product, wash with ethanol and deionized water and filter.
  • Example 3 This example provides a thioether-based high-temperature self-crosslinking FPEEK resin synthesis method to prepare the resin:
  • Comparative Example 1 This example provides a method for preparing FPEEK resin without cross-linking agent.
  • the resins prepared in the above-mentioned Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 were uniformly prepared according to the preparation method of the coating of the present application into a coating containing the corresponding resin.
  • the coating corresponding to each embodiment specifically includes the following components:
  • the dosage of FPEEK resin is 50phr, solvent N-methylpyrrolidone 40phr, diluent hexane 20phr, leveling agent low molecular weight acrylate 0.15phr, product model: EPITEX 66, seller: Wuhan Zeshancheng Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.; lubrication Agent 2000-5000 chain segment length polyether grafted dimethylpolysiloxane 3phr, product model: SP-983 Seller: Guangzhou Xinguan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
  • low molecular weight acrylates can also be used as ACRYLATES COPOLYMER sold by Beijing Huamei Huli Biochemical Co., Ltd.; polyether-grafted dimethylpolysiloxane with a chain segment length of 2000-5000 can also be used as SR sold by Guangdong Leibang High-tech Materials Co., Ltd. -202.
  • Table X The performance comparison table is as follows:
  • Example 1 From the perspective of moisture and heat resistance, comparing the FPEEK prepared by the technical solution of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1, the scratch resistance of Comparative Example 1 that does not contain vinyl and thioether groups is better than that of the original coating and high humidity and heat resistance. After treatment, they are all smaller, especially after high-humidity heat treatment, only 2.071N friction is needed to damage the coating; while FPEEK containing vinyl or thioether groups, in both the original coating and after high-humidity heat treatment, The friction force required to wear the coating is greater than 3.2N, which obviously improves the resistance to moisture and heat. However, Example 1 has the best resistance to moisture and heat. It requires a friction force of at least 4.041N to wear after both the original coating and the high moisture heat treatment. Or damage the coating, the resistance to moisture and heat is nearly doubled. The friction coefficient of FPEEK without and with friction coefficient vinyl and/or thioether groups is basically unchanged, both around 0.108.
  • the high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone of the present invention introduces the cross-linking group vinyl group and the thioether group into the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone molecular chain to form a terminal group of styrene group and a middle molecular chain containing
  • the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone of the thioether group can be dissolved in conventional organic solvents due to the introduction of fluorine-containing substituents, so it can be used in It is used as coating matrix resin in coatings; its linear structure can be dissolved in conventional organic solvents under normal temperature conditions.
  • the thioether bonds and vinyl in the coating film can cross-link themselves when heated, and the coating resin becomes three-dimensionally cross-linked.
  • the network structure significantly improves the oil resistance, hydrolysis resistance, and moisture and heat resistance of the coating at high temperatures to meet the long-term needs of special coatings in harsh working environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and high humidity.
  • the coating prepared from the high-temperature self-crosslinking fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone resin of the present application can be stably used in an environment with a high temperature above 150°C, a pressure of 2 atmospheres, and a relative humidity of above 70%.
  • the coating or paint prepared using the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone of the present invention also has the advantages of the fluorine-containing polyaryl ether ketone.

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Abstract

本发明涉及聚芳醚酮技术领域，公开了一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮及其制备方法和涂料及其制备方法。所述高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮分子链中含有苯乙烯基和硫醚基两种交联基团，其结构式为其中，m的取值范围为1－40％(m+n)，n的取值范围为60－99％(m+n)，R为六氟双酚A除去酚羟基的基团。含有上述两种基团的含氟聚醚芳酮能够溶解于常规有机溶剂以制备涂料或者漆，且在低温时呈线型，不发生交联反应，涂膜后高温固化过程中发生交联反应形成交联结构聚合物涂层，从而提供良好的耐湿热、耐磨、低摩擦系数的涂层表面，又能降低生产成本，保证漆包线在高温高压和高湿度的恶劣工作环境下，仍能保持良好的电绝缘性。

Description

一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮及制备方法和涂料及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及聚芳醚酮技术领域，具体涉及一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮及其制备方法和包括其的涂料及涂料的制备方法。
背景技术
漆包线是由表面涂覆高分子绝缘漆(漆包线漆)的铜、铝、锰铜合金等金属丝绕制而成，其广泛应用于电磁线圈、工业发动机等装置的电能传输。随着工业电器、家用电器、电讯、电子产品等的迅速发展，近几年漆包线市场需求量急剧膨胀，但同时随着电器电机都朝着体积小、功率高的方向发展，以及某些特殊领域对漆包线提出了更高的要求。如有的航空电机要求长期在200℃以上工作，瞬间使用温度高达420℃左右；有的油冷电机要求长期在含有少量水的润滑油下高低温工作。因此，开发新型耐湿热性好的漆包线的研究具有实际意义。
漆包线的性能主要取决于漆包线漆的性能和质量，漆包线漆是一种特殊用途的绝缘漆。作为电机电器用绝缘材料中核心部件之一的漆包线漆，是一种可以使电机绕组中导线与导线之间产生良好绝缘层的涂料，其主要用于各类线径的裸铜线、合金线及玻璃丝包线外层，以提高和稳定漆包线的性能。在各种电机电器中，对漆包线漆的性能有着很高的要求，例如漆包线漆要具有较高的机械强度，要与浸渍漆之间具有良好的相容性，能满足较高的耐热性、耐冲击性和耐油性等。尤其在大型变压器中，由于内部绕组中常常通有较强的电流，而且所处的环境比较恶劣，对包覆导线的漆包线漆的性能有着更高的要求。
近年来，广泛采用的耐高温绝缘涂料主要是聚酰亚胺类，其作为有机类漆 包线中耐热等级最高的绝缘漆，长期使用温度可达220℃以上，具有高的耐热性、良好的耐溶剂和耐冷冻剂性能。但在高温下易水解，即耐湿热性较差，限制了其在某些领域的应用。
聚芳醚酮是一类综合性能优异的高性能工程塑料，具有耐热等级高、耐磨、耐疲劳、抗冲击、耐湿热、抗辐射及化学稳定性等突出优点，被广泛应用于航天、电子、机械、信息、汽车及核工业等领域。然而由于聚芳醚酮溶解性差，不能用传统的溶液法，而只能用熔融的加工方法制成漆包线。中国专利CN102139263A公开了一种聚醚醚酮导热绝缘涂料的使用方法，其方法是将制备完成后未经冷却的聚醚醚酮导热绝缘涂料直接涂覆在基体材料上，高温干燥然后真空烧结，得到表面涂覆有聚醚醚酮的基体材料。
含氟聚芳醚酮由于主链或侧链上引入氟元素，能在保持很高热稳定性的同时提高溶解性，因此可用于涂料。中国专利CN101067021A公开了一种纳米氧化铝改性(含氟)聚芳醚酮聚合物及其纳米瓷膜漆的制备，以纳米氧化铝改性(含氟)聚芳醚酮聚合物为基体树脂制备纳米瓷膜漆，综合性能良好且性价比低。CN202111023864.1公开了一种含氟聚芳醚酮的双组份涂料，与其他聚芳醚酮涂料相比，该涂料成膜固化后形成交联结构聚合物涂层，提供良好的耐磨、低摩擦系数、抗沾污、阻燃及耐高温涂层表面，但由于组份加入催化剂，导致其漆包线漆电绝缘性能有所下降，且涂漆之前需要增加双组份混合配漆工序导致工艺复杂，在大规模实际生产中，生产成本不可避免地增大。
因此需要针对上述缺陷或者不足研发一种新的聚芳醚酮材料。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：现有聚酰亚胺耐高温涂料耐湿热性差，以及双组份含氟聚芳醚酮涂层绝缘性降低，涂漆工艺复杂及成本高。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮，其含氟聚芳醚酮分子链含有苯乙烯基及硫醚基两种交联基团，苯乙烯基作为封端基，硫醚基作为链段基团，所述高温自交联高温的温度范围为80～350℃。含有上述两种基团的聚醚芳酮能够溶解于常规有机溶剂以制备涂料或者漆，且在低温时呈线型，不发生交联反应，涂膜后高温固化过程中发生交联反应形成交联结构聚合物涂层，从而提供良好的耐湿热、耐磨、低摩擦系数的涂层表面，又能降低生产升本，保证漆包线在高温高压和高湿度的恶劣工作环境下，仍能保持良好的电绝缘性。所述低温温度为25～80℃。
优选的，所述高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的用途，作为涂料或者漆的基体树脂制作涂料。
本发明提供一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的制备方法，按照如下步骤进行：
S1、含苯乙烯基及硫醚两种交联基团的含氟聚醚醚酮(FPEEK)树脂的合成：
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A，交联剂4，4－二羟基对苯硫醚，无水碳酸钾，反应溶剂NMP(NMP即N－甲基吡咯烷酮)，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯室温搅拌20～25小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到端基为苯乙烯基且分子链中含硫醚基团的高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。4－乙烯基苄氯通过含有的乙烯基起到交联作用，其靠热能打开乙烯基的π键产生自由基，从而使不同分子链交联。硫醚也发生类似的热交联。4－乙烯基苄氯还可以替换为4－乙烯基苄溴或对氟苯乙烯。
所述含苯乙烯基和硫醚基的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的制备过程反应式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000001
其中，m的取值范围为1－40％(m+n)，n的取值范围为60－99％(m+n)，优选的，含氟聚芳醚酮可以为无规共聚，所以仅计算每种重复基团在分子链总长度m+n中的含量占比，不限定其重复的单个链段长度，即m的取值为链段总长度m+n的1－40％，n的取值范围为链段总长度m+n的60－99％；R基团中的－CF 3基团也可以为氟苯基所替代，即六氟双酚A可以替换为氟苯，R基团即六氟双酚A除去酚羟基的基团，结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000002
优选的，所述步骤S1中，4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚、无水碳酸钾、4－乙烯基苄氯摩尔比为0.1803：0.159075－0.201495：0.010605－0.053025：0.252：0.013104－0.065522。
工艺如上，在保证六氟双酚A与4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚摩尔量之和为0.2121mol的条件下，通过改变4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚的摩尔分数调控硫醚基团的含量，通过改变体系中4－乙烯基苄氯的用量调控端基苯乙烯的含量。
具体的，改变4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚的摩尔分数对于性能影响的实验数据如下：
表1：4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚含量对漆膜涂层性能影响对比表
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000003
从表1可以得出，随着4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚含量的增加，漆膜涂层的耐油性基本不变；耐湿热性测试中，原涂层漆膜表面光滑，在高湿热条件下处理后漆膜未鼓泡或脱落，性能基本不变；在耐磨损性能中，原涂层耐刮擦力由3.822N增加到4.09N，经过160℃处理后耐刮擦力由3.711N增大至4.07N；摩擦系数由0.096N增大至0.119，但摩擦系数增量小，基本维持在0.1左右。
改变4－乙烯基苄氯摩尔分数对于性能影响的试验数据如下：
表2：4－乙烯基苄氯含量对漆膜涂层性能影响对比表
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000004
从表2可以得出，随着4－乙烯基苄氯含量的增加，漆膜涂层的耐油性基本不变；耐湿热性测试中，原涂层漆膜表面光滑，在高湿热条件下处理后漆膜也未鼓泡或脱落，性能基本不变；在耐磨损性能中，原涂层耐刮擦力由3.865N增加到4.084N，经过160℃处理后耐刮擦力由3.782N增大至4.063N；摩擦系数在0.108N至0.11之间，基本维持不变。
本发明还提供一种含高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的涂料，包括含苯乙烯基及硫醚基团的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮、含苯乙烯基高温自交联聚芳醚酮、含硫 醚基高温自交联聚芳醚酮中的一种或几种的混合物，以及溶剂、稀释剂。
优选的，在所述涂料中，以涂料总质量计，所述含苯乙烯基及硫醚基团的含氟聚芳醚酮的用量为10～60phr，所述含苯乙烯基自热交联聚芳醚酮的用量为10～60phr，所述含硫醚基自热交联聚芳醚酮的用量为10～60phr，所述溶剂的用量为30～70phr，所述稀释剂的用量为10～40phr。
优选的，所述涂料还包括流平剂和润滑剂，所述流平剂的用量为0.1～2.0phr，所述润滑剂的用量为1～10phr。
本发明还提供一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮涂料的制备方法，包括如上所述的步骤S1，以及步骤S2和S3，具体内容如下：
S2、苯乙烯基高温自交联FPEEK树脂合成：
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、无水碳酸钾及反应溶剂NMP，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯室温搅拌20～25小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到苯乙烯基高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％；
所述含苯乙烯的高温自交联FPEEK的制备过程反应式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000005
其中，m的取值范围为大于或等于1的整数，R基团中的－CF 3基团也可以为氟苯基所替代，即六氟双酚A可以替换为氟苯，R基团即六氟双酚A除去酚羟基的基团，结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000006
工艺如上，依次改变4－乙烯基苄氯的摩尔分数为1％、2％、5％，经过与上述工艺相同的处理后，分别得到摩尔分数1％、2％、5％的含苯乙烯基的自热交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。
S3、硫醚基高温自交联FPEEK树脂合成：
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A，交联剂4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚，无水碳酸钾，反应溶剂环丁砜，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降温后，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到硫醚基 的高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％；
所述含硫醚基的高温自交联FPEEK的制备过程反应式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000007
其中，m的取值范围为1－40％(m+n)，n的取值范围为60－99％(m+n)，优选的，含氟聚芳醚酮可以为无规则共聚，所以仅计算每种重复基团在总分子链段长度中的含量占比，不限定其重复的单个链段长度，即m的取值为链段总长度m+n的1－40％，n的取值范围为链段总长度m+n的60－99％，R基团中的－CF 3基团也可以为氟苯基所替代，即六氟双酚A可以替换为氟苯，R基团即六氟双酚A除去酚羟基的基团，结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000008
工艺如上，在保证六氟双酚A与4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚摩尔量之和为0.2121mol的条件下，通过改变4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚的摩尔分数为2.5％、7.5％、12.5％，经过与上述工艺相同的处理后，分别得到摩尔分数2.5％、7.5％、12.5％的硫醚基自热交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。
S4、涂料制备：将步骤S1至步骤S3精制干燥好的FPEEK溶于溶剂，所述溶剂用量为30－70phr，固含量范围在10－50phr之间，溶解过程在20－40℃范围内进行，待三种树脂固体完全溶解后加入助剂搅拌均匀即可，所述助剂包括稀释剂，稀释剂用量为10－40phr。当需要制备的是含有任意一种或两种官能基团 的含氟聚芳醚酮树脂的涂料时，可将三种FPEEK对应替换成一种或两种含对应官能基团的含氟聚芳醚酮树脂即可，其他内容不变。
优选的，所述步骤S2中，4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、无水碳酸钾、4－乙烯基苄氯的摩尔比为0.1803：0.159075－0.201495：0.252：0.013104－0.065522。
优选的，所述步骤S3中，4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚、无水碳酸钾的摩尔比为0.1803：0.159075－0.201495：0.010605－0.053025：0.252。
优选的，所述步骤S4中的溶剂为氯仿、1，2－二氯乙烷、四氢呋喃、环己酮、N，N－二甲基酰胺、N－甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或几种的混合物。
所述步骤S4中的稀释剂是甲苯、二甲苯、己烷、环己烷、庚烷、辛烷、癸烷中的一种或者几种的混合物。
优选的，所述助剂还包括润滑剂、流平剂。
优选的，所述润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、聚酯蜡、聚酰胺蜡、聚四氟乙烯蜡、棕榈蜡中的一种或几种的混合物。
优选的，所述流平剂为低分子量丙烯酸共聚物、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷、硅酮聚合物中的一种或者几种的混合物。
优选的，所述低分子量丙烯酸共聚物是指含500－3000链段长度的丙烯酸共聚物。所述聚醚改性聚硅氧烷是2000－5000链段长度的聚醚接枝二甲基聚硅氧烷、TRSE(聚醚改性七甲基三硅氧烷表面活性剂)、TESE(聚醚改性八甲基四硅氧烷表面活性剂)、S－7、S－8型聚醚改性聚硅氧烷消泡剂和Si－C型聚醚改性聚硅氧烷匀泡剂中的一种或几种的混合物。所述硅酮聚合物是碳酸钙填充硅酮密封胶、改性硅酮密封材料卡内卡Ms聚合物、硅酮－聚酰亚胺合成的无卤且链 段长度为2000－5000的弹性体型嵌段共聚物(SILTEM)中的一种或几种的混合物。硅酮密封胶作为防磨涂层材料添加到涂料中，增加涂料的耐磨性。
相比现有技术，本发明具有以下优点：
本发明的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮，将交联基团乙烯基和硫醚基团引入到含氟聚芳醚酮分子链中，且端基为苯乙烯基，分子链中间含有硫醚基团，含氟聚芳醚酮与聚芳醚酮相比，由于含氟取代基的引入使其在常规有机溶剂中能够溶解，因而能够应用于涂料中用于涂料基体树脂；常温条件下其线性结构可以溶于常规有机溶剂，涂覆后热处理时涂膜中的硫醚键和乙烯基受热可以自行发生交联，涂层树脂成为三维交联网络结构，从而使得涂层在高温下的耐油性以及耐水解性以及说耐湿热性显著提高，以满足特殊涂料涂层长期在高温高压和高湿度等恶劣工作环境下的需求；具体的，由本申请的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮树脂制备的涂料能够在150℃以上的高温、2个大气压、相对湿度70％以上的环境中稳定使用。
附图说明
图1－是本发明的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的制备过程反应式图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1：本实施例提供一种含苯乙烯基及硫醚两种交联基团的含氟聚醚醚酮(FPEEK)树脂的合成方法来合成所述树脂：
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的1000ml四口烧瓶中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮46.2849g(0.21mol)、六氟双酚A61.8543g(0.1803mol)，交联剂4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚6.941g(0.0318mol)，无水碳酸 钾35.1808g(0.252mol)，反应溶剂NMP(NMP即N－甲基吡咯烷酮)420ml，搅拌升温至120℃反应2h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至180℃继续反应3h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯3.2g(0.021mol)在室温下搅拌24小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥6小时，60℃真空干燥18h得到摩尔分数5％端基为苯乙烯基且分子链中含摩尔分数7.5％硫醚基团的自热交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。
实施例2：本实施例提供一种苯乙烯基高温自交联FPEEK树脂合成方法来合成所述树脂：
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的1000ml四口烧瓶中依次加入4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮46.2849g(0.21mol)、六氟双酚A72.7698g(0.2121mol)、无水碳酸钾35.1808g(0.252mol)及反应溶剂NMP420ml，搅拌升温至120℃反应2h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至180℃继续反应3h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯3.2g(0.021mol)室温搅拌20～25小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥6小时，60℃真空干燥18h得到摩尔分数5％的苯乙烯基高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。
实施例3：本实施例提供一种硫醚基高温自交联FPEEK树脂合成方法来制备所述树脂：
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的1000ml四口烧瓶中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮46.2849g(0.21mol)、六氟双酚A61.8543g(0.1803mol)，交联剂4，4－二羟基对苯硫醚6.941g(0.0318mol)，无水碳酸钾35.1808g(0.252mol)，反应溶剂环丁砜420ml，搅拌升温至120℃反应2h， 除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至180℃继续反应3h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降温后，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥6小时，60℃真空干燥18h得到摩尔分数7.5％的硫醚基自热交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。
对比例1：本实施例提供一种不含交联剂的FPEEK树脂的制备方法
在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的1000ml四口烧瓶中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮46.2849g(0.21mol)、六氟双酚A72.7698g(0.2121mol)，无水碳酸钾35.1808g(0.252mol)，反应溶剂环丁砜420ml，搅拌升温至120℃反应2h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至180℃继续反应3h；高温聚合反应完毕后将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥6小时，60℃真空干燥18h得到不含交联剂FPEEK白色聚合物粉末，产率95％。
将上述实施例1－3和对比例1制备的树脂按照本申请的涂料的制备方法统一制备成含有对应树脂的涂料，各实施例对应的涂料具体包括以下组分：
FPEEK树脂用量均为50phr，溶剂N甲基吡咯烷酮40phr，稀释剂己烷20Phr，流平剂低分子量丙烯酸酯0.15phr，产品型号：EPITEX 66，销售方：武汉泽山成生物医药技术有限公司；润滑剂2000－5000链段长度的聚醚接枝二甲基聚硅氧烷3phr，产品型号：SP-983销售方：广州鑫冠化工科技有限公司。当然，低分子量丙烯酸酯还可采用北京华美互利生物化工销售的ACRYLATES COPOLYMER；链段长度2000－5000的聚醚接枝二甲基聚硅氧烷还可采用广东雷邦高新材料有限公司销售的SR-202。并分别测试各项性能记录于表X中，性能对比表如下：
表3：实施例1－3和对比例1的各种树脂的性能对比表
Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-000009
从表3可以得出：从耐磨损性能来看，将实施例1－3和对比例1的技术方案制备的FPEEK相比较，不含乙烯基和硫醚基团的对比例1的耐磨损性能在原涂层和高温处理后均较小，特别是在高温处理后只需要1.876N的摩擦力即可损坏涂层；而含有乙烯基或者硫醚基团的FPEEK，在原涂层和高温处理后两种状况下，磨损涂层需要的摩擦力均大于3.1N，显然耐磨损性能有所提升；而实施例1的耐磨损性能最好，在原涂层和高温处理后均需要至少4.063N的摩擦力才会磨损或损坏涂层，耐磨损性能近乎提高一倍。从耐油性能来看，将实施例1－3和对比例1的技术方案制备的FPEEK相比较，不含乙烯基和硫醚基团的对比例1的在高温处理后涂层表面不平整，说明涂料在高温耐油实验中漆层部分脱落，耐油性能较差。而含有乙烯基或者硫醚基团的FPEEK，在原涂层和高温处理后两种状况下，漆膜表面均光滑平整，漆膜均未脱落，显然耐油性能有较大提升。从耐湿热性能来看，将实施例1－3和对比例1的技术方案制备的FPEEK相比较，不含乙烯基和硫醚 基团的对比例1的耐刮擦性能在原涂层和高湿热处理后均较小，特别是在高湿热处理后只需要2.071N摩擦力即可损坏涂层；而含有乙烯基或者硫醚基团的FPEEK，在原涂层和高湿热处理后两种状况下，磨损涂层需要的摩擦力均大于3.2N，显然耐湿热性能有所提升；而实施例1的耐湿热性能最好，在原涂层和高湿热处理后均需要至少4.041N的摩擦力才会磨损或损坏涂层，耐湿热性能近乎提高一倍。而不含有和含有摩擦系数乙烯基和/或者硫醚基团的FPEEK的摩擦系数基本不变，均为0.108左右。
本发明的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮，将交联基团乙烯基和硫醚基团引入到含氟聚芳醚酮分子链中，形成端基为苯乙烯基、分子链中间含有硫醚基团的含氟聚芳醚酮，与聚芳醚酮相比，本发明的含氟聚芳醚酮由于含氟取代基的引入使其在常规有机溶剂中能够溶解，因而能够应用于涂料中用于涂料基体树脂；常温条件下其线性结构可以溶于常规有机溶剂，涂覆后热处理时涂膜中的硫醚键和乙烯基受热可以自行发生交联，涂层树脂成为三维交联网络结构，从而使得涂层在高温下的耐油性以及耐水解性以及说耐湿热性显著提高，以满足特殊涂料涂层长期在高温高压和高湿度等恶劣工作环境下的需求。具体的，由本申请的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮树脂制备的涂料能够在150℃以上的高温、2个大气压、相对湿度70％以上的环境中稳定使用。使用本发明的含氟聚芳醚酮制备的涂料或者漆也具有所述含氟聚芳醚酮的优点。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮，其特征在于：含氟聚芳醚酮分子链中含有苯乙烯基和硫醚基，其结构式为
    Figure PCTCN2022131816-appb-100001
    其中，m的取值范围为1－40％(m+n)，n的取值范围为60－99％(m+n)，R为六氟双酚A除去酚羟基的基团。
  2. 基于权利要求1所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的制备方法，其特征在于：在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A，交联剂4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚，无水碳酸钾，反应溶剂NMP，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯室温搅拌20～25小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到端基为苯乙烯基且分子链中含硫醚基团的高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中，4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚、无水碳酸钾、4－乙烯基苄氯摩尔比为0.1803：0.159075－0.201495：0.010605－0.053025：0.252：0.013104－0.065522。
  4. 一种含有高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的涂料，其特征在于：包括所述含苯乙烯基和硫醚基的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮、含苯乙烯基的高温自交联聚芳醚酮、含硫醚基的高温自交联聚芳醚酮中的一种或几种的混合物，以及溶剂和稀 释剂，还包括流平剂和润滑剂；以涂料总质量计，所述高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮用量为10～60phr，所述溶剂的用量为30～70phr，所述稀释剂的用量为10～40phr；所述流平剂的用量为0.1～2.0phr，所述润滑剂的用量为1～10phr。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮涂料，其特征在于：所述溶剂为氯仿、1，2－二氯乙烷、四氢呋喃、环己酮、N，N－二甲基酰胺、N－甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺中的一种或几种的混合物；
    所述稀释剂是甲苯、二甲苯、己烷、环己烷、庚烷、辛烷、癸烷中的一种或者几种的混合物；
    所述润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、聚酯蜡、聚酰胺蜡、聚四氟乙烯蜡、棕榈蜡中的一种或几种的混合物；
    所述流平剂为低分子量丙烯酸共聚物、聚醚改性聚硅氧烷、硅酮聚合物中的一种或者几种的混合物。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮涂料，其特征在于：所述低分子量丙烯酸共聚物是指链段长度为500－3000的丙烯酸－丙烯酸羟丙酯共聚物；所述聚醚改性聚硅氧烷是链段长度为2000－5000的聚醚接枝二甲基聚硅氧烷、聚醚改性七甲基三硅氧烷表面活性剂TRSE、聚醚改性八甲基四硅氧烷表面活性剂TESE、S－7、S－8型聚醚改性聚硅氧烷消泡剂和Si－C型聚醚改性聚硅氧烷匀泡剂中的一种或几种的混合物；所述硅酮聚合物是碳酸钙填充硅酮密封胶、改性硅酮密封材料卡内卡Ms聚合物、硅酮－聚酰亚胺合成的无卤且链段长度为2000－5000的弹性体型嵌段共聚物SILTEM中的一种或几种的混合物。
  7. 如权利要求4－6任一项所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮涂料的制备方法，其特征在于，按照如下步骤进行：
    S1、含苯乙烯基及硫醚基两种交联基团的高温自交联含氟聚醚醚酮FPEEK树脂的合成：
    在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A，交联剂4，4－二羟基对苯硫醚，无水碳酸钾，反应 溶剂NMP，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯室温搅拌20～25小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到端基为苯乙烯基且分子链中含硫醚基团的高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末；
    S2、苯乙烯基高温自交联FPEEK树脂合成：
    在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、无水碳酸钾及反应溶剂NMP，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降至室温，加入4－乙烯基苄氯室温搅拌20～25小时至反应完毕，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到苯乙烯基高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末；
    S3、硫醚基高温自交联FPEEK树脂合成：
    在装有机械搅拌装置、温度计、分水器和通氮气的容器中依次加入原料4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A，交联剂4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚，无水碳酸钾，反应溶剂环丁砜，搅拌升温至115～125℃反应2～3h，除去反应生成的水，然后再升温至175～190℃继续反应2.5～3.5h；高温聚合反应完毕待反应体系降温后，将反应产物倒入去离子水中，冷却后将产物粉碎，用乙醇和去离子水洗涤后过滤，然后在60℃下鼓风干燥4～8小时，55～65℃真空干燥16～20h得到含硫醚基的高温自交联FPEEK白色聚合物粉末；
    S4、涂料制备：选取一种或两种或三种精制干燥后的各种FPEEK溶于溶剂，FPEEK固含量范围在10－50phr之间，溶解过程在20－40℃范围内进行，待树脂 固体完全溶解后加入稀释剂、流平剂、润滑剂搅拌均匀即可。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S2中，4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、无水碳酸钾、4－乙烯基苄氯的摩尔比为0.1803：0.159075－0.201495：0.252：0.013104－0.065522。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S3中，4，4’－二氟二苯甲酮、六氟双酚A、4，4’－二羟基对苯硫醚、无水碳酸钾的摩尔比为0.1803：0.159075－0.201495：0.010605－0.053025：0.252。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的高温自交联含氟聚芳醚酮的应用，其特征在于，作为基体树脂制作涂料或者漆。
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