WO2023210241A1 - 流動層を形成する分散板及び流動層乾燥機 - Google Patents
流動層を形成する分散板及び流動層乾燥機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023210241A1 WO2023210241A1 PCT/JP2023/012390 JP2023012390W WO2023210241A1 WO 2023210241 A1 WO2023210241 A1 WO 2023210241A1 JP 2023012390 W JP2023012390 W JP 2023012390W WO 2023210241 A1 WO2023210241 A1 WO 2023210241A1
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- Prior art keywords
- opening
- fluidized bed
- chimney
- dispersion plate
- forming
- Prior art date
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 41
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B15/00—Fluidised-bed furnaces; Other furnaces using or treating finely-divided materials in dispersion
- F27B15/02—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B15/10—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
- F26B3/082—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed arrangements of devices for distributing fluidising gas, e.g. grids, nozzles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
- F26B3/092—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating
- F26B3/0926—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating by pneumatic means, e.g. spouted beds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/08—Granular materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dispersion plate used to form a fluidized bed of powder in a broadly defined reactor such as a dryer, cooler, incinerator, etc., and a fluidized bed dryer using the dispersion plate. .
- a fluidized bed dryer blows hot air up from a dispersion plate such as a perforated plate to fluidize the granular raw material, thereby ensuring efficient contact with the hot air and movement of evaporated matter. . Therefore, the device has good drying efficiency, and since there are no moving parts in the main body of the device, it has the advantage of being easy to maintain.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that when a small hole of an arbitrary shape is made in a material flat plate as a perforated plate of a fluidized bed dryer, a member corresponding to the hole in the material flat plate is released to one side to cover the opening and the hole.
- a device is disclosed which is modified to form a roof-like ridge and a protrusion at the bottom of the opening, respectively, and also to orient the opening in the direction of flow of the powder.
- the perforated plate having such a configuration has the advantage that it is possible to prevent the granular raw material from falling under the perforated plate, and that the blowing direction of the granular raw material can be freely selected in advance. It is stated that.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that in a perforated gas blowing plate for a fluidized bed, a large number of pairs of openings having openings on one side surface and openings having openings on the side surface in the opposite direction are arranged on a metal plate.
- a perforated plate is disclosed in which the opening area of the openings having openings on the side surface in one direction is in the range of 1.1 to 1.5 times the opening area of the openings having openings on the side surface in the opposite direction. .
- This gas-blown perforated plate for fluidized beds suppresses the air slide phenomenon even when used under high pressure loss conditions (thick powder bed conditions), and completely removes the powder in the bed in a short period of time at the end of operation. It is stated that it is possible to provide a perforated plate that provides the minimum horizontal direction vector (propulsion effect) that allows discharge.
- Patent Document 2 there is a perforated plate with slit-like openings directed in one direction for the purpose of smoothly discharging the powder in the layer at the end of operation, as a perforated plate corresponding to the conventional technology. do.
- a perforated plate corresponding to the conventional technology. do.
- a strong horizontal airflow equivalent to or stronger than that of an air slide is formed on the perforated plate, so that the powder introduced into the layer is is blown forward by this horizontal airflow, making it extremely difficult to form a fluidized powder layer at the input section.
- the perforated plate of the present invention having openings in two directions
- air blows out from the opening in one direction and air blows out from the opening in the opposite direction.
- the air ejected from the aperture collides in the fluidized bed, and the left and right vectors cancel each other out, resulting in the amount of air ejected from the aperture in one direction and the amount of air ejected from the aperture in the opposite direction. It is described that the airflow has a horizontal vector corresponding to the difference in air amount, and most of the airflow has an upward vector.
- Patent Document 3 includes a plurality of air distribution blocks made of a fireproof material and a perforated plate disposed below the air distribution blocks, and the air outlet of the air distribution blocks is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction. and the air flow path in the air distribution block has a substantially uniform cross-sectional area without any restriction in the middle, and the perforated plate has multiple stages of porous holes arranged substantially parallel to each other with gaps in the height direction.
- An air dispersion device for a fluidized bed incinerator is disclosed, which is made of a veneer and in which the small holes of the adjacent porous veneers in each stage are arranged at a horizontal distance so as not to overlap in the vertical direction. . It is also stated that by using such an air dispersion device, it is possible to perform uniform dispersion without causing clogging, and there is no fear of corrosion.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an air cap provided on a blower plate used in a circulating fluidized bed boiler system.
- This air cap includes a cap body and a cap, the cap body is provided with a spiral exhaust port, the cross section of the cap is arc-shaped, the spiral exhaust port is provided with a mesh blocking sheet, and the aperture of the cap body is a ventilation hole. It is described that the pore diameter is larger than that of
- the spiral exhaust port formed on the cap body can form a spiral airflow, and at the same time, the airflow can be distributed evenly, and the net-like blocking sheet between the cap and the exhaust port can be used to create a spiral airflow. It is said that this arrangement can effectively block out foreign substances (for example, coal slag produced by coal combustion, unburned coal, etc.).
- the purpose of the present invention is to further improve drying efficiency and work efficiency by taking into account the various background technologies described above, and achieving both the discharge of powder and granules at the end of operation and the stable formation of a fluidized bed during operation.
- Another object is to provide a dispersion plate for forming a fluidized bed.
- the present invention provides a dispersion plate and a fluidized bed dryer that form a fluidized bed as described in the following [1] to [8].
- a dispersion plate used for forming a fluidized bed of powder and granules The distribution plate includes a substrate, a plurality of small holes provided in the substrate, and a chimney deck in which a chimney is arranged in each of the small holes, The chimney is characterized in that it has a slit-shaped first opening that opens in a predetermined direction, and a second opening that opens in a different direction at a height position above the first opening. and A dispersion plate that forms a fluidized bed.
- the chimney is made of titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or stainless steel.
- the chimney includes a cylindrical tower and a roof that closes an opening at the upper end of the tower, and the first opening and the second opening are formed in the peripheral wall of the tower.
- the first opening and the second opening formed in the chimney are formed to have different heights and directions, so that the first opening and the second opening are different in height and direction from each other, so that the supply is supplied from each opening.
- the airflow vectors generated by the air flow are not canceled out, and the airflow from the opening closer to the board (the opening with a lower height) provides a discharge function at the end of operation, as well as an air slide-like function during operation. The phenomenon becomes less likely to occur. Therefore, the uniform air flow makes it possible to maintain a stable fluidized bed no matter the layer thickness, making it possible to improve drying efficiency and work efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a dispersion plate according to the present invention, in which (A) is a plan view and (B) is a front view. It is a diagram showing the basic positional relationship between a first opening and a second opening formed in the chimney, in which (A) is a cross-sectional view where the cut planes are different on the left and right sides, and (B) is a front view. , (C) is a right side view, and (D) is a left side view. It is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the chimney deck where chimney is arranged. It is a front view showing one embodiment of a chimney deck.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the chimney deck taken along line II in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a side view conceptually showing an embodiment of a fluidized bed dryer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a dispersion plate according to the present invention.
- the dispersion plate 1 according to the present invention includes a substrate 2, a plurality of small holes 3 formed in the substrate 2, and chimneys 4 arranged in each of the small holes 3.
- a deck on which a chimney (chimney structure) is arranged is referred to as a chimney deck.
- the substrate 2 has a structure in which a heat insulating material 2B is bonded to a sheet plate 2A (see FIG. 3).
- the seat plate 2A is formed of a metal flat plate, for example, of either stainless steel or carbon steel.
- the heat insulating material 2B can be made of any material that is heat resistant and has a lower thermal conductivity than metal; for example, it is made of pearlite or glass wool.
- the thickness of the substrate 2 is designed to be optimal depending on the type and size of the reactor used, as well as the materials of the sheet plate 2A and the heat insulating material 2B used. There is no thickness limit.
- the substrate 2 can be made by laminating a heat insulating material 2B containing pearlite with a thickness of 20 to 30 mm to a sheet plate 2A made of a flat plate made of stainless steel with a thickness of 5 to 10 mm.
- a plurality of small holes 3 are formed in the plate surface of the substrate 2, penetrating the plate surface.
- the small holes 3 only need to be formed evenly over the board surface of the substrate 2 without being offset, and may be arranged in parallel rows, in addition to the staggered arrangement shown in FIG. 1.
- the size and spacing of the small holes 3 are designed to be optimal depending on the type and size of the reactor used. For example, circular small holes 4 with a diameter of 30 to 70 mm can be arranged in a staggered manner, with L1 shown in FIG. 1 being 60 to 140 mm and L2 being 30 to 50 mm.
- Each of the small holes 3 is provided with a chimney deck on which a chimney 4 is arranged.
- the chimney 4 is made of a heat-resistant material, such as titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or stainless steel.
- the chimney 4 includes a tower portion 4A and a roof portion 4B that closes the upper end opening of the tower portion 4A (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
- the tower portion 4A and the roof portion 4B may be integrally formed, or may be constructed by joining separate bodies. When integrally formed, it can be created by cutting or 3D modeling using a 3D printer.
- the shape of the chimney 4 is determined by the shape of the small hole 3 bored in the base plate 2. If the small hole 3 is circular, the chimney 4 will have a cylindrical tower portion 4A, and if the small hole 3 is square, the chimney 4 will have a cylindrical tower portion 4A. If so, it is formed into a chimney 4 having a square cylindrical tower portion 4A.
- the chimney 4 can be inserted into the small hole 3, and the diameter of the cylindrical tower portion 4A is, for example, in the range of 25 to 70 mm. From the viewpoint of heat insulation, it is preferable that the chimney 4 has a hollow structure (double wall structure) having a closed space inside.
- the tower section 4A is formed into a hollow structure (double wall structure) having a closed space 8 inside (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
- the chimney 4 is inserted into a small hole 3 formed in the base plate 2 and fixed to the base plate 2 to form a chimney deck.
- a male thread 5 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower part of the cylindrical tower portion 4A, and is fixed on the back side of the substrate 2 by a lock nut 6 that is screwed into the male thread 5 (Fig. 3 , see Figure 4).
- the method of fixing the chimney 4 to the substrate 2 is not limited to this.
- An opening 7 is bored in the peripheral wall of the tower portion 4A of the chimney 4, which is located in the small hole 3 and protrudes above the base plate 2.
- the openings 7 are formed into a first opening 7A and a second opening 7B having different heights and directions. That is, the first opening 7A and the second opening 7B are formed at different heights and in different directions (see FIGS. 2 to 8).
- the basic positional relationship between the first opening 7A and the second opening 7B formed in the chimney 4 is shown in FIG.
- the first opening 7A is formed at a low position close to the plate surface of the substrate 2.
- the direction of the opening is such that the center of the opening faces to the right in FIG.
- the second opening 7B is formed at a higher position above the first opening 7A so that the center of the opening faces leftward in FIG. 2.
- the second opening 7B may be formed at a higher position than the first opening 7A, but it is preferably formed at a position higher than 5 mm, and preferably at a position higher than 10 mm. It is more preferable.
- the opening directions of the first opening 7A and the second opening 7B do not need to completely match, but as shown in FIG. Most preferably, the opening angle ranges do not overlap.
- the first opening 7A and the second opening 7B will be described in more detail based on the drawings of the embodiment of the chimney 4 shown in FIGS. 3 to 8.
- the first opening 7A is preferably formed at a position of h ⁇ (1/2) or less from the substrate, where h is the height of the highest part of the tower portion 4A based on the top surface of the substrate 2. is formed at a position equal to or less than h ⁇ (1/3) (see FIG. 4).
- the shape of the first opening 7A is an elongated slit parallel to the substrate 2 from the viewpoint of discharging the powder at the end of the operation.
- the slit width w of the slit-shaped first opening 7A is preferably 1 to 5 mm, more preferably 1 to 3 mm. Note that the slit width w does not need to be uniform, and may be variable.
- the slit width w may become narrower for a while.
- the slit length is 15 to 180 in angle ⁇ around the central axis (if the tower section is not cylindrical, the angle around the axis around the centroid).
- the angle is preferably 90 to 180 degrees (see FIG. 7).
- At least one first opening 7A having the above configuration is formed in the peripheral wall of the tower section 4A.
- the slit width W is temporarily narrowed from 3 mm to 1 mm at a position h ⁇ (1/4) from the substrate, and the slit length is around the central axis of the tower portion 4A.
- Two first openings 7A, 7A having an angle ⁇ of 80 degrees are adjacent to the right peripheral wall of the cylindrical tower portion 4A with the side where the slit width w of each slit-shaped opening is wide, Moreover, the directions ⁇ and ⁇ of the opening center [ ⁇ (1/2)] of each opening are shifted by 100 degrees (see FIGS. 4 and 7).
- the first opening 7A is formed in the circumferential wall of the cylindrical tower section 4A made of double walls in the form of a passage in which the upper, lower, left and right ends between the double walls are closed by walls (Fig. 6 , see Figure 7).
- the second opening 7B is formed at a position more than h ⁇ (1/2) from the substrate, preferably at a position more than h ⁇ (2/3) (see FIG. 4). Further, the second opening 7B is formed at a position 5 mm or more above the first opening 7A, preferably 10 mm or more above.
- the shape of the second opening 7B may be any shape as long as it is formed at a height and direction that does not interfere with the airflow discharged from the first opening 7A. An example of this is an elongated slit shape parallel to the substrate 2.
- At least one second opening 7B having the above configuration is arranged in a direction different from the opening direction of the first opening 7A (around the central axis of the tower portion 4A of each slit-shaped opening 7A, 7B).
- the central lines of the angular ranges are formed in directions that do not coincide with each other, and most preferably, they are formed in opposite directions and the angular ranges do not overlap with each other.
- a slit whose slit width w is temporarily narrowed from 3 mm to 1 mm is located at a position h ⁇ (3/4) of the tower portion 4A and above the above-described first opening 7A.
- the two second openings 7B, 7B having a slit length of 80 degrees at an angle ⁇ around the central axis of the tower portion 4A are the two first openings 7A,
- the side with the wide slit width w of each slit-shaped opening is adjacent to the left peripheral wall, which is the opposite side to the formation position of 7A, and the direction in which the center of each opening [ ⁇ x (1/2)] faces They are formed with ⁇ and ⁇ shifted by 100 degrees, and are formed in the opposite direction to the first opening 7A so that their angular ranges do not overlap with each other (see FIGS. 4 and 8).
- the second opening 7B is formed in the circumferential wall of the cylindrical tower section 4A, also made of double walls, in the form of a passage whose upper, lower, left and right ends between the double walls are closed by walls (Fig. 6, see Figure 8).
- the roof portion 4B preferably has an upper surface formed in a conical shape with an apex angle of 90 to 140 degrees from the viewpoint of preventing the accumulation of processing materials.
- the roof portion 4B has a hollow structure having a closed space 8 inside a conical shape with an apex angle of 110 degrees on the upper surface (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
- the chimney 4 consisting of the tower portion 4A and the roof portion 4B described above is placed in each small hole 3 formed in the substrate 2, thereby configuring the distribution plate 1 having a chimney deck.
- the first opening 7A provided in the chimney 4 is configured so that the airflow ejected from the opening 7A is used to move the treated material to the discharge part of the reactor at the end of the operation.
- the opening 7A is installed facing the direction in which the discharge section is provided.
- the dispersion plate 1 since the heat insulating material 2B is disposed on the substrate 2, it is difficult for the processed materials to be fused even when a high-temperature airflow is used.
- the chimney 4 has a hollow structure (double wall structure) having a closed space 8 inside as in the embodiment, the heat insulation properties are further improved, and the dispersion plate and the material to be processed are less likely to fuse together. Become.
- the first opening 7A and the second opening 7B formed in the chimney 4 are formed to have different heights and directions, the vectors of the airflows supplied from the respective openings cancel each other out.
- FIG. 9 is a side view conceptually showing an embodiment of a fluidized bed dryer using the above-mentioned dispersion plate 1 according to the present invention.
- the illustrated fluidized bed dryer 10 has a drying container 11 , a treated granular material inlet 12 , a treated granular material outlet 13 , a fluidized air flow supply section 14 , and an outlet 15 .
- the drying container 11 has a hollow box shape, and has a treated granular material inlet 12 formed at one end and a treated granular material outlet 13 at the lower part of the other end.
- one treated powder/granular material inlet 12 and one treated powder/granular material outlet 13 may be provided at each end of the drying container 11, but one or both may be provided in plural numbers.
- Powder and granular material in a wet state is continuously supplied into the drying container 11 through the treated powder and granular material inlet 12 by a feeder (not shown). Further, from inside the drying container 11, the dried powder and granular material is discharged to a recovery hopper (not shown) or the like through the treated powder and granular material discharge port 13.
- the inside of the drying container 11 is divided into an upper drying chamber 16 and a lower hot air chamber 17 by providing the above-described dispersion plate 1 according to the present invention at a predetermined distance from the bottom.
- the first opening 7A provided in the dispersion plate 1 is configured such that the airflow ejected from the opening 7A is used to move the treated powder and granular material to the discharge section side of the apparatus at the end of the operation.
- the first opening 7A is installed so that the center of the first opening 7A faces toward the treated powder discharge port 13 formed in the drying container 11.
- the drying container 11 has a fluidized air flow supply unit 14 connected to a hot air chamber 17 defined at the lower part thereof, and discharges the fluidized air flow and the generated gas to the ceiling of the drying chamber 16 defined at the upper part.
- a discharge port 15 is formed.
- the fluidizing air flow supply section 14 can be configured by a blower 18 and a heater 19.
- the discharge port 15 is connected to an exhaust fan 21 via a cyclone 20.
- the drying chamber 16 of the drying container 11 is divided into a plurality of chambers (four chambers in the illustrated embodiment) in the flow direction of the treated powder by a plurality of (three in the illustrated embodiment) partition plates 22.
- Each of the partition plates 22a, 22b, 22c is arranged along the vertical direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the treated powder and granules, and is also arranged at predetermined intervals in the flow direction of the treated powder and granules.
- the drying container 11 is divided into the first drying chamber 16a, the second drying chamber 16b, the third drying chamber 16c, and the fourth drying chamber 16d by providing the partition plates 22a, 22b, and 22c. ing.
- the first drying chamber 16a serves as a region (preheating drying region) in which the powder and granular material is initially dried.
- the second and third drying chambers 16b and 16c are regions (constant rate drying regions) for performing mid-term drying of the powder and granular material.
- the fourth drying chamber 16d is a region (loss rate drying region) in which the powder is dried in the latter stage.
- powder and granular material is supplied from a treated powder and granular material input port 12, and a fluidized airflow is supplied from a fluidized airflow supply section 14 through a hot air chamber 17 and a dispersion plate 1 to a drying chamber 16.
- a fluidized bed having a predetermined thickness is formed above the dispersion plate 1.
- the powder and granular material supplied from the treated powder and granular material input port 12 is made into a fluidized state by the airflow ejected from the first opening 7A and the second opening 7B formed in the dispersion plate 1.
- the dispersion plate forming a fluidized bed according to the present invention can be widely used to form a fluidized bed in a reactor such as a dryer or an incinerator.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
〔1〕粉粒体の流動層を形成するために用いる分散板であって、
上記分散板は、基板と、前記基板に設けられた複数の小孔と、前記小孔のそれぞれにチムニーを配置したチムニーデッキからなり、
上記チムニーは、所定の方向に開口したスリット状の第1の開口部と、前記第1の開口部よりも上方の高さ位置において異なる方向に開口した第2の開口部とを有することを特徴とする、
流動層を形成する分散板。
〔2〕上記基板は、金属からなるシートプレートに、断熱材を貼り合わせた構造であることを特徴とする、上記〔1〕に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
〔3〕上記チムニーは、チタン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、ステンレスのいずれかからなることを特徴とする、上記〔1〕に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
〔4〕上記チムニーは、円筒状の塔部と、前記塔部の上端開口を塞ぐ屋根部からなり、前記塔部の周壁に上記第1の開口部、及び第2の開口部が形成されていることを特徴とする、上記〔1〕に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
〔5〕上記屋根部が、内部に中空構造を有することを特徴とする、上記〔4〕に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
〔6〕上記第2の開口部は、スリット状であることを特徴とする、上記〔1〕に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
〔7〕上記第1の開口部は、粉粒体の排出部が設けられた方向に向けて上記チムニーに形成されていることを特徴とする、上記〔1〕に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
〔8〕上記〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載の流動層を形成する分散板を用いた流動層乾燥機。
図示した実施形態においては、基板からh×(1/4)の位置に、スリット幅wが3mmから1mmに暫時狭くなるスリット状であって、スリット長さが、塔部4Aの中心軸周りの角度θで80度である2個の第1の開口部7A、7Aが、円筒状の塔部4Aの右側の周壁に、それぞれのスリット状の開口部のスリット幅wが広い側を隣接させ、且つそれぞれの開口部の開口中心〔θ×(1/2)〕の向く方向α、βを100度ずらして形成されている(図4、図7参照)。このように開口部を複数に区分けすることで、中心軸周りの角度θを広くとっても強度が得られ、チムニーが変形しにくくなる。また、上記第1の開口部7Aが、2重壁からなる円筒状の塔部4Aの周壁に、2重壁間の上下左右端を壁体により塞いだ通路状態で形成されている(図6、図7参照)。このように通路を有する開口部とすることで、該開口部より噴出する気流の流れを、鋭く且つ安定したものとすることができる。
上記構成の第2の開口部7Bが、少なくとも1個、上記した第1の開口部7Aの開口の方向とは異なる方向(それぞれのスリット状の開口部7A、7Bの塔部4Aの中心軸周りの角度範囲の中心線の向く方向が一致しない方向)に形成されており、最も好ましくは反対方向であって、且つ互いに角度範囲が重ならないように形成されている。
図示した実施形態においては、塔部4Aのh×(3/4)の位置であって、上記した第1の開口部7Aの上方の位置に、スリット幅wが3mmから1mmに暫時狭くなるスリット状であって、スリット長さが、塔部4Aの中心軸周りの角度θで80度である2個の第2の開口部7B、7Bが、上記した2個の第1の開口部7A、7Aの形成位置とは反対側である左側の周壁に、それぞれのスリット状の開口部のスリット幅wが広い側を隣接させ、且つそれぞれの開口中心〔θ×(1/2)〕の向く方向α、βを100度ずらして形成され、上記第1の開口部7Aとは反対方向であって、且つ互いに角度範囲が重ならないように形成されている(図4、図8参照)。また、上記第2の開口部7Bが、やはり2重壁からなる円筒状の塔部4Aの周壁に、2重壁間の上下左右端を壁体により塞いだ通路状態で形成されている(図6、図8参照)。
これに比して、先に背景技術として挙げた特許文献2の多孔板では、対となっている逆方向の気流を用いることで、エアスライド現象はある程度は抑えられるが、運転終了時の層内粉体排出については十分な排出作用が得られない。十分な排出作用を得るために、片方の目開きを更に広げた場合は、エアスライド現象が発生する。それ故、安定した流動層の形成と運転終了時の排出性の両立という課題に対する解決手段にはならないものである。
Claims (8)
- 粉粒体の流動層を形成するために用いる分散板であって、
上記分散板は、基板と、前記基板に設けられた複数の小孔と、前記小孔のそれぞれにチムニーを配置したチムニーデッキからなり、
上記チムニーは、所定の方向に開口したスリット状の第1の開口部と、前記第1の開口部よりも上方の高さ位置において異なる方向に開口した第2の開口部とを有することを特徴とする、
流動層を形成する分散板。 - 上記基板は、金属からなるシートプレートに、断熱材を貼り合わせた構造であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
- 上記チムニーは、チタン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、ステンレスのいずれかからなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
- 上記チムニーは、円筒状の塔部と、前記塔部の上端開口を塞ぐ屋根部からなり、前記塔部の周壁に上記第1の開口部、及び第2の開口部が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
- 上記屋根部が、内部に中空構造を有することを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
- 上記第2の開口部は、スリット状であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
- 上記第1の開口部は、粉粒体の排出部が設けられた方向に向けて上記チムニーに形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の流動層を形成する分散板。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の流動層を形成する分散板を用いた流動層乾燥機。
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EP23795988.7A EP4431852A1 (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-03-28 | Distribution plate for forming fluidized bed, and fluidized bed dryer |
JP2024517913A JPWO2023210241A1 (ja) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-03-28 | |
CN202380022855.1A CN118749056A (zh) | 2022-04-27 | 2023-03-28 | 形成流动层的分散板以及流动层干燥机 |
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US20200207653A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Hubei Green Development Technology Co., Ltd. | System for urban organic solid waste pyrolysis-gasification coupled with drying |
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2023
- 2023-03-28 EP EP23795988.7A patent/EP4431852A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-28 WO PCT/JP2023/012390 patent/WO2023210241A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2023-03-28 CN CN202380022855.1A patent/CN118749056A/zh active Pending
- 2023-03-28 JP JP2024517913A patent/JPWO2023210241A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (15)
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JPS5130029B1 (ja) * | 1969-02-12 | 1976-08-28 | ||
JPS4934901B1 (ja) | 1970-03-03 | 1974-09-18 | ||
JPS5371685A (en) * | 1976-12-09 | 1978-06-26 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Fluidized-bed furnace having flow-adjusting instrument with multistageturning orifice nozzle |
JPS5636935U (ja) * | 1979-08-31 | 1981-04-08 | ||
JPS609558Y2 (ja) * | 1979-09-10 | 1985-04-04 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | 流動床焼却炉の空気分散装置 |
JPS5955337A (ja) * | 1982-09-24 | 1984-03-30 | Furointo Sangyo Kk | 造粒コ−チング装置 |
JPS609558U (ja) | 1983-06-29 | 1985-01-23 | 日本ランズバ−グ株式会社 | 静電塗装装置 |
JPS60139113U (ja) * | 1984-02-20 | 1985-09-14 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | 流動性を高めた流動層燃焼装置 |
JPS62228868A (ja) * | 1986-03-28 | 1987-10-07 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 炉外循環機構を備えた流動層炉 |
JPS63131916A (ja) * | 1986-11-20 | 1988-06-03 | Ebara Corp | 流動層熱反応装置 |
JPH04297515A (ja) * | 1991-03-25 | 1992-10-21 | Nkk Corp | 鉄鉱石の溶融還元設備における予備還元炉 |
JPH11230672A (ja) * | 1998-02-16 | 1999-08-27 | Nara Kikai Seisakusho:Kk | 粉粒体の乾燥装置 |
JP2002005419A (ja) * | 2000-06-19 | 2002-01-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 円筒形流動層式焼却炉における空気分散板の取付け構造 |
CN108167824A (zh) | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 宁波联创同宇环保科技有限公司 | 一种循环流化床电站锅炉系统 |
US20200207653A1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | Hubei Green Development Technology Co., Ltd. | System for urban organic solid waste pyrolysis-gasification coupled with drying |
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CN118749056A (zh) | 2024-10-08 |
EP4431852A1 (en) | 2024-09-18 |
JPWO2023210241A1 (ja) | 2023-11-02 |
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