WO2023209810A1 - Al-Mg-Si-Ni系合金及びAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材 - Google Patents
Al-Mg-Si-Ni系合金及びAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023209810A1 WO2023209810A1 PCT/JP2022/018901 JP2022018901W WO2023209810A1 WO 2023209810 A1 WO2023209810 A1 WO 2023209810A1 JP 2022018901 W JP2022018901 W JP 2022018901W WO 2023209810 A1 WO2023209810 A1 WO 2023209810A1
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910021484 silicon-nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910018191 Al—Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002555 FeNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910019064 Mg-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910019406 Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017639 MgSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008071 Si-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910006300 Si—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018594 Si-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008465 Si—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-strength aluminum alloy material with excellent plastic workability, and particularly to an aluminum alloy and an aluminum alloy material suitable for recycling using scrap materials.
- 6000 series aluminum alloy is one of the most used heat treatable aluminum alloys.
- 6000 series aluminum alloy is an Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy mainly containing Mg and Si, and in addition to having excellent formability and corrosion resistance, it shows moderate age hardening and has good strength. It is widely used as a structural member of transportation equipment such as automobiles.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-155251
- Si 0.7 to 1.5%
- Mg 0.6 to 1.2%
- Fe 0 .01 to 0.5%
- Mn 0.05 to 1.0%
- Cr 0.01 to 0.5%
- Zr 0.01 to 0.2%.
- the average dislocation density is in the range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 14 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 16 /m 2 , and the inclination angle of grains with a misorientation of 2° or more measured by SEM-EBSD method is 2 to 5.
- the average proportion of grain boundaries with a small angle of 15° is 50% or more, and the average number density of precipitates that can be measured by TEM at a magnification of 300,000 times is 5.0 ⁇ 10 2 pieces/ ⁇ m 3 or more.
- An aluminum alloy forged material with excellent strength and ductility is disclosed.
- the 6000 series aluminum alloy forged material is subjected to artificial aging treatment after applying processing strain through warm working to the forged material that has been subjected to solution treatment and quenching treatment.
- both strength and ductility are improved (higher strength and higher ductility), so in order to achieve or guarantee this effect, artificial aging is used.
- the average dislocation density, average proportion of low-angle grain boundaries, and average number density of precipitates were each defined as the structure at the center of the thickness of the thickest part of the forged material after treatment.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Cu type excess Si type alloy has high strength and low deformation resistance, so it is suitable for plasticity of extruded materials, rolled materials, forged materials, etc. that require high strength. Used for processed materials.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-164946
- Si 0.50 to 0.90% by mass
- Fe less than 0.70% by mass
- Cu 0.10 to 0.90% by mass
- Mass% Mg: 0.80 to 1.7 mass%
- Mn 0.10 to 1.3 mass%
- Cr 0.20 to 0.90 mass%
- Ti 0.005 to 0.10 mass%
- UTS L The tensile strength of a test piece of a cold-rolled aluminum alloy sheet with the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities, with the L direction as the longitudinal direction.
- S L is defined as S L
- UTS L is 340 MPa or more
- S L is 16.0 J, measured after solution treatment at 550°C for 5 minutes and artificial aging treatment at 175°C for 14 hours.
- the Si/Mg ratio of the Al-Mg-Si based aluminum alloy is limited to a range of 0.4 to 0.9 to reduce the amount of excess Si and the amount of excess Mg.
- the width of PFZ generated during artificial aging treatment can be reduced, and the growth of intermetallic compounds such as ⁇ '' and ⁇ ', which precipitate as intermediate phases at grain boundaries, can be suppressed.As a result, , the aluminum alloy after solution treatment and aging treatment can be made to have excellent impact resistance.
- Fe also has the effect of increasing the strength of aluminum, but in aluminum alloys containing Si, it forms Al--Fe--Si based crystals.
- Si which is a constituent element of Mg 2 Si that precipitates during aging treatment and contributes to improving the strength of aluminum alloy, is consumed by the formation of Al-(Fe,M)Si-based crystals, There are cases where sufficient precipitation strengthening cannot be obtained.
- an object of the present invention is to develop a high-strength 600-series steel that has excellent plastic workability even when the Fe content increases due to the recycling of scrap materials.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy and an aluminum alloy material made of the aluminum alloy.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive research on the relationship between the composition, structure, and mechanical properties of 6000 series aluminum alloy materials containing Fe, and as a result, have developed a high-strength material with excellent plastic workability.
- 6000 series aluminum alloy materials we have found that it is extremely effective to crystallize Al-Fe-Ni compounds preferentially over Al-Fe-Si compounds by adding Ni. , arrived at the present invention.
- the present invention Fe of more than 0 and less than 2.0 wt%, Containing Ni such that 0.7 ⁇ Ni (wt%)/Fe (wt%) ⁇ 3.5, An Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy is provided.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention contains more than 0 and less than 2.0 wt% of Fe, but by adding an appropriate amount of Ni, the Al-Fe-Ni compound becomes preferential.
- the amount of Si crystallized as an Al--Fe--Si based compound is reduced, and a decrease in the amount of Si solid solution in the matrix can be effectively suppressed.
- a sufficient amount of Mg--Si compounds can be precipitated by the aging treatment, and the aluminum alloy can develop high strength through precipitation strengthening.
- the effect can be reliably obtained by setting Ni (wt%) / Fe (wt%) to 0.7 or more, but when Ni (wt%) / Fe (wt%) is 3.5 or more. No further improvement is obtained by adding Ni.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention is Si: 0.5-1.4wt%, Mg: 0.6 to 1.7 wt%, Ni: 0.1 to 2.5 wt%, Contains Fe: 0.1 to 2.0 wt%, It is preferable that the remainder consists of Al and unavoidable impurities.
- the Si content By setting the Si content to 0.5 wt% or more, solid solution strengthening and age hardening can be sufficiently achieved, and by setting the Si content to 1.4 wt% or less, corrosion resistance may decrease and crystallized substances and precipitates may become coarse. It is possible to suppress a decrease in ductility caused by oxidation. Further, by setting the Si content to 0.6 to 0.8 wt%, these effects can be obtained more reliably.
- the Mg content by setting the Mg content to 0.6 wt% or more, a sufficient amount of Mg-Si precipitates can be formed and the strength and fatigue properties can be improved, and the Mg content can be set to 1.7 wt% or less. By doing so, it is possible to suppress the formation of coarse compounds that become the starting point of destruction. By setting the Mg content to 1.0 to 1.4 wt%, these effects can be obtained more reliably.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention is Cu: 0.2 to 1.0 wt%, Mn: 0.1 to 0.8 wt%, It is preferable that one or more of Cr: 0.1 to 0.8 wt% is included.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention is Zr: 0.05-0.20wt%, V: 0.05-0.20wt%, Ti: 0.01-0.15wt%, B: It is preferable to contain one or more of 0.001 to 0.05 wt%.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention has a Mg (wt%)/Si (wt%) ratio of 1.73 or more.
- Mg (wt%)/Si (wt%) a sufficient amount of Mg-Si compounds can be precipitated by aging treatment, and high strength can be imparted to aluminum alloy materials through precipitation strengthening. can be expressed.
- the present invention also provides an Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material comprising the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention, characterized in that an Al-Fe-Ni compound is dispersed therein; Also provided.
- Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material of the present invention Fe is rendered harmless by adding an appropriate amount of Ni, resulting in an aluminum alloy material with excellent plastic workability and high strength. Since Al--Fe--Ni compounds are less likely to become coarse than Al--Fe--Si compounds, the formation of coarse compounds that become a starting point for fracture when stress is applied is suppressed. As a result, fine Al--Fe--Ni compounds are dispersed and crystallized, making it possible to impart excellent plastic workability and toughness to the aluminum alloy.
- the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material of the present invention preferably has tensile properties with a 0.2% yield strength of 300 MPa or more and an elongation at break of 12% or more. Since the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material has a 0.2% yield strength of 300 MPa or more and an elongation of 12% or more, it can be suitably used for structural members that require high reliability. In addition, since sufficient ductility is ensured and it has excellent plastic workability, it can be used as plastic work materials such as extruded materials, rolled materials, and forged materials.
- the limit bending angle of the VDA bending test specified by VDA238-100 is 50° or more. Since the limit bending angle of the VDA bending test of the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material is 50° or more, it is possible to perform a processing step that requires large plastic deformation.
- a high-strength 600 series aluminum alloy with excellent plastic workability and an aluminum alloy material made of the aluminum alloy are provided. can be provided.
- 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of an aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 4.
- 12 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of an aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 8.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of an aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 4.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of an aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 8.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of an aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 9.
- 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 4.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 4.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 8.
- 3 is a photograph of the appearance of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 11.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 9.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 10.
- 3 is an optical micrograph of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 11.
- Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy The Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention crystallizes Al-Fe-Ni compounds preferentially over Al-Fe-Si compounds to render Fe harmless. It is characterized by the addition of Ni to the 6000 series aluminum alloy in order to utilize dispersion strengthening by Al-Fe-Ni compounds. Each component will be explained in detail below.
- the content of Si is preferably 0.5 to 1.4 wt%.
- the content of Si is preferably 0.5 to 1.4 wt%.
- solid solution strengthening and age hardening can be sufficiently achieved, and by setting the Si content to 1.4 wt% or less, corrosion resistance may decrease and crystallized substances and precipitates may become coarse. It is possible to suppress a decrease in ductility caused by oxidation.
- a more preferable Si content is 0.6 to 0.8 wt%. By setting the Si content to 0.6 to 0.8 wt%, these effects can be obtained more reliably.
- Mg 0.6-1.7wt%
- the content of Mg is preferably 0.6 to 1.7 wt%.
- the Mg content is set to 1.7 wt% or less. By doing so, it is possible to suppress the formation of coarse compounds that become the starting point of destruction.
- the more preferable Mg content is 1.0 to 1.4 wt%. By setting the Mg content to 1.0 to 1.4 wt%, these effects can be obtained more reliably.
- Ni 0.1-2.5wt%
- the Ni content is preferably 0.1 to 2.5 wt% on the premise that the value of Ni (wt%)/Fe (wt%) is 0.7 to 3.5.
- an Al-Fe-Ni based compound can be crystallized.
- the Ni content is more preferably 0.2 to 1.1 wt%, most preferably 0.3 to 1.0 wt%.
- Fe 0.1-2.0wt%
- the content of Fe is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 wt%.
- scrap material can be suitably used as a raw material.
- Fe is 0.1 to 2.0 wt%, the effect of Fe can be reliably rendered harmless by adding Ni. More preferably, the Fe content is 0.15 to 1.1 wt%.
- the value of Ni (wt%)/Fe (wt%) is 0.7 to 3.5.
- the value of Ni (wt%) / Fe (wt%) is 0.7 to 3.5.
- Al-Fe-Ni-based compounds can be preferentially crystallized without adding excessive Ni, It is possible to reduce the amount of Si crystallized as an Al--Fe--Si based compound and effectively suppress the decrease in the amount of Si solid solution in the matrix.
- a sufficient amount of MgSi-based compounds can be precipitated by the aging treatment, and the aluminum alloy can develop high strength through precipitation strengthening.
- the more preferable range of Ni (wt%)/Fe (wt%) is 1.0 to 3.0, and the most preferable range is 1.1 to 2.0.
- Mg (wt%)/Si (wt%) is 1.73 or more.
- Mg (wt%) / Si (wt%) is 1.73 or more.
- the more preferable range of Mg (wt%)/Si (wt%) is 1.73 to 2.00, and the most preferable range is 1.75 to 1.95.
- Optional additive element Cu 0.2 to 1.0 wt%
- the content of Cu is preferably 0.2 to 1.0 wt%.
- Cu has the effect of increasing mechanical strength and fatigue strength by forming a quaternary precipitate (Q phase or Q' phase) based on Al, Mg, Si, and Cu. If the Cu content is less than 0.2 wt%, these effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the Cu content exceeds 1.0 wt%, there is a risk that corrosion resistance will be reduced.
- Mn 0.1-0.8wt%
- the content of Mn is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 wt%.
- the aluminum alloy can be strengthened by forming an Al-(Fe, Mn, Cr)-Si based compound.
- the Mn content is controlled to 0.8 wt% or less, it is possible to suppress the formation of coarse Al-(Fe, Mn, Cr)-Si-based compounds that reduce toughness and ductility.
- the content of Cr is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 wt%.
- the aluminum alloy can be strengthened by forming an Al-(Fe, Mn, Cr)-Si based compound. Further, by setting the Cr content to 0.8 wt% or less, it is possible to suppress the formation of coarse Al-(Fe, Mn, Cr)-Si based compounds that reduce toughness and ductility.
- Zr 0.05-0.20wt% Zr has the effect of suppressing recrystallized structure due to the pinning effect of the compound, and can stabilize the processed structure.
- the content By setting the content to 0.05 wt% or more, the effect can be sufficiently exhibited, and by setting the content to 0.20 wt% or less, a decrease in ductility due to coarsening of the compound can be suppressed.
- V 0.05-0.20wt%
- Ti forms Al--Ti or Ti--B based compounds when added in combination with B, refines the casting structure, prevents casting cracks, and promotes homogenization of the added elements. These effects are insufficient if the amount is less than 0.01 wt%, and adding more than 0.15 wt% not only saturates the effects, but also forms coarse Al-Ti crystals, which impairs toughness. lower. Further, by dissolving Ti in Al, growth of Al 2 Cu and Al 2 CuMg precipitates, which are reinforcing phases, at high temperatures can be suppressed, and high strength can be stably obtained.
- B 0.001-0.05wt%
- the refinement effect can be sufficiently expressed by setting the B content to 0.001 wt% or more, and by setting the B content to 0.05 wt% or less, the decrease in ductility due to the formation of coarse compounds can be suppressed. Can be done.
- Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material The Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material of the present invention is an aluminum alloy material made of the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy of the present invention. The structure and mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material will be explained in detail below.
- Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material of the present invention is characterized by the fact that fine Al-Fe-Ni compounds are dispersed therein.
- Al-Fe-Ni based compounds Since the formation energy of Al-Fe-Ni based compounds is lower than that of Al-Fe-Si based compounds, by adding a small amount of Ni to Al-Mg-Si based alloys, Al-Fe-Si based compounds can be crystallized. Before this, the Al--Fe--Ni compound can be finely crystallized.
- the formation energy of Al 2 FeNi is -0.52eV
- the formation energy of Al 2 (FeSi) 3 is -0.481eV
- the formation energy of AlFe 2 Si is -0.46eV
- Al 2 FeNi is -0.48eV.
- the generation energy of 3 Si 4 is ⁇ 0.431 eV.
- Al-Fe-Ni compounds can be crystallized more finely than Al-Fe-Si compounds. Uniform dispersion of fine Al-Fe-Ni compounds can produce dispersion strengthening very effectively, so if the content of Fe and Ni is high, dispersion strengthening can be used to improve aluminum alloys. It can be strengthened. Here, even when the content of Fe and Ni is high, the Al-Fe-Ni-based compounds do not become coarse and their number can be increased.
- the average particle size of the Al-Fe-Ni compound dispersed in the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 5 ⁇ m or less. .
- the average particle size of the Al-Fe-Ni-based compound is not particularly limited. The average particle size of the compound contained can be determined.
- the crystallized material dispersed in the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material is an Al-Fe-Ni compound.
- a more preferable proportion of the Al-Fe-Ni compound is 85% or more, and a most preferable proportion of the Al-Fe-Ni compound is 90% or more.
- the method of determining the proportion of the Al-Fe-Ni based compound is not particularly limited, and for example, the proportion of the compound containing Ni is determined from SEM-EDS mapping or EPMA mapping in the cross section of the Al-Mg-Si-Ni based alloy material. be able to. Further, quantitative values from various elemental analyzes may be used, or calculation may be performed from the peak intensity of a diffraction pattern obtained by XRD measurement.
- the 0.2% yield strength of the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material is preferably 300 MPa or more, more preferably 330 MPa or more, and most preferably 360 MPa or more. Furthermore, the elongation at break of the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material is preferably 12% or more, more preferably 13% or more, and most preferably 14% or more. Since the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material has these tensile properties, it can be suitably used for structural members that require high reliability. In addition, since sufficient ductility is ensured and it has excellent plastic workability, it can be used as plastically worked materials such as extruded materials, rolled materials, and forged materials.
- the limit bending angle of the VDA bending test specified by VDA238-100 is 50° or more.
- a more preferable limit bending angle is 60° or more, and a most preferable limit bending angle is 70° or more.
- VDA is a German Automobile Industry Association standard (Verband der Automobilindustrie), and VDA238-100 is specified as a plate bending test for the purpose of evaluating cracking behavior when a member is crushed.
- the method for producing the Al-Mg-Si-Ni alloy material is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- a method of manufacturing an alloy material can be used.
- Example ⁇ A slab of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 70 mm and having a composition shown as an example in Table 1 was obtained by a DC continuous casting method. Note that the components in Table 1 are shown in wt%. Table 1 also shows the values of Ni (wt%)/Fe (wt%) and Mg (wt%)/Si (wt%). For all the compositions shown as examples, the value of Ni (wt%)/Fe (wt%) is within the range of 0.7 to 3.5.
- the obtained slab was homogenized at 540° C. for 6 hours, and then hot rolled to a thickness of 6 mm.
- T6 heat treatment was performed to obtain an aluminum alloy material according to the present invention.
- the sample was held at 557°C for 2 hours, cooled with water, and aged at 175°C.
- the obtained aluminum alloy material was cut and mirror-polished to prepare a cross-sectional sample.
- an X-ray diffraction pattern from the cross section was obtained using an X-ray diffraction method, and the compound was identified.
- the X-ray diffraction patterns of the aluminum alloy materials having the compositions of Examples 4 and 8 are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.
- the aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 4 only peaks due to Al, Al 9 (FeNi) 2 and Mg 2 Si were clearly observed.
- peaks attributed to Al, Al 9 (FeNi) 2 and Mg 2 Si were clearly observed in the aluminum alloy material having the composition of Example 8, and peaks due to ⁇ -Al(Fe ⁇ M)Si were clearly observed. A small peak due to this was also confirmed.
- the obtained aluminum alloy material was cut and mirror-polished to prepare a cross-sectional observation sample, and the structure was observed using an optical microscope.
- Optical micrographs of the aluminum alloy materials having the compositions of Examples 4, 8, and 9 are shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, respectively.
- Table 2 shows the tensile properties of each of the aluminum alloy materials obtained.
- the tensile test piece used was a No. 14 A test piece described in JIS Z 2241, and the tensile speed was 2 mm/min up to 0.2% proof stress and 5 mm/min after 0.2% proof stress. did.
- the aluminum alloy material according to the present invention has both a 0.2% yield strength of 300 MPa and an elongation of 12% or more.
- VDA bending test specified by VDA238-100 was performed on each of the obtained aluminum alloy materials to evaluate the limit bending angle.
- Table 2 shows the obtained limit bending angles. The critical bending angle was evaluated in the L direction (rolling direction) and the LT direction (direction perpendicular to the rolling direction), and values of 50° or more were obtained in all of the aluminum alloy materials used.
- a comparative aluminum alloy material was obtained in the same manner as in the example except that an aluminum alloy slab having the composition shown in Table 1 as a comparative example was used. In addition, the obtained comparative aluminum alloy materials were evaluated in the same manner as in the examples.
- FIG. 1 An X-ray diffraction pattern of a comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 4 is shown in FIG.
- the compound formed in the comparative aluminum alloy material having the composition of Comparative Example 4 was identified by X-ray diffraction, peaks attributable to Al and ⁇ -Al(Fe ⁇ M)Si were clearly observed.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 Optical micrographs of comparative aluminum alloy materials having the compositions of Comparative Examples 4 and 8 are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively. Comparing the structures of Comparative Example 4 and Example 8, where the main difference is the presence or absence of Ni addition, it can be seen that the compound of Comparative Example 4 is coarsened. The results show that the addition of Ni makes the compound finer.
- Table 2 shows the tensile properties and the limit bending angle of the VDA bending test of each comparative aluminum alloy material obtained.
- the comparative aluminum alloy materials there is no material that satisfies all of the following requirements: 0.2% proof stress of 300 MPa or more, elongation of 12% or more, and limit bending angle of 50° or more.
- Comparative Example 4 when comparing the mechanical properties of Comparative Example 4 and Example 8, whose main difference is the presence or absence of Ni addition, in Comparative Example 4, the limit bending angle in the L direction does not reach 50°, and sufficient plastic processing is not possible. Unable to express sexuality. Further, when comparing Comparative Example 8 with a high content of Fe and Example 9, Comparative Example 8 has a 0.2% yield strength of less than 300 MPa, and cannot be used as a high-strength member.
- Comparative Examples 9 and 10 which contain a large amount of Fe and do not contain Ni, precipitation strengthening due to Mg 2 Si could not be sufficiently expressed, and the 0.2% yield strength became a low value. There is. In particular, Comparative Example 10, which has a higher Fe content, has an extremely low 0.2% yield strength of 211 MPa.
- Comparative Example 11 is obtained by adding Ni to the composition of Comparative Example 10, but if the Fe content is too large, coarse Fe-based primary crystals are generated, making it impossible to obtain a good plate material.
- Ta A photograph of the appearance of the aluminum alloy material in Comparative Example 11 is shown in FIG. 9, and it can be seen that many cracks occurred and a smooth surface was not obtained.
- Comparative Example 10 Optical micrographs of comparative aluminum alloy materials having the compositions of Comparative Example 9, Comparative Example 10, and Comparative Example 11 are shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12, respectively.
- Comparative Example 10 with a high content of Fe generation of coarse Fe-based primary crystals is confirmed.
- Comparative Example 11 in which Ni was added the width of the iron-based primary crystals became thinner, but if the Fe content was too large, coarsening could not be completely suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
0超2.0wt%以下のFeと、
0.7≦Ni(wt%)/Fe(wt%)≦3.5となるNiと、を含有すること、
を特徴とするAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金、を提供する。
Si:0.5~1.4wt%、
Mg:0.6~1.7wt%、
Ni:0.1~2.5wt%、
Fe:0.1~2.0wt%、を含有し、
残部がAlと不可避不純物からなること、が好ましい。
Cu:0.2~1.0wt%、
Mn:0.1~0.8wt%、
Cr:0.1~0.8wt%、のいずれか1種以上を含むこと、が好ましい。
Zr:0.05~0.20wt%、
V:0.05~0.20wt%、
Ti:0.01~0.15wt%、
B:0.001~0.05wt%、のいずれか1種以上を含むこと、が好ましい。
本発明のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金は、Al-Fe-Ni系化合物をAl-Fe-Si系化合物よりも優先的に晶出させてFeを無害化すると共に、Al-Fe-Ni系化合物による分散強化を活用するために、6000系のアルミニウム合金にNiを添加していることを特徴としている。以下、各成分について詳細に説明する。
Si:0.5~1.4wt%
Siの含有量は0.5~1.4wt%とすることが好ましい。Siの含有量を0.5wt%以上とすることで固溶強化や時効硬化を十分に発現させることができ、1.4wt%以下とすることで耐食性の低下や晶出物及び析出物の粗大化に起因する延性の低下を抑制することができる。また、より好ましいSiの含有量は0.6~0.8wt%である。Siの含有量を0.6~0.8wt%とすることで、これらの効果をより確実に得ることができる。
Mgの含有量は0.6~1.7wt%とすることが好ましい。Mgの含有量を0.6wt%以上とすることで十分な量のMg-Si系析出物が形成し、強度及び疲労特性を高めることができ、Mgの含有量を1.7wt%以下とすることで、破壊の起点となる粗大な化合物の形成を抑制することができる。また、より好ましいMgの含有量は1.0~1.4wt%である。Mgの含有量を1.0~1.4wt%とすることで、これらの効果をより確実に得ることができる。
Niの含有量は、Ni(wt%)/Fe(wt%)の値を0.7~3.5とすることを前提として、0.1~2.5wt%とすることが好ましい。Niの含有量を0.1wt%以上とすることで、Al-Fe-Ni系化合物を晶出させることができる。また、Niの含有量を2.5wt%以下とすることで、過剰なNi添加による原料コストの増加を抑制することができる。Niの含有量は0.2~1.1wt%とすることがより好ましく、0.3~1.0wt%とすることが最も好ましい。
Feの含有量は0.1~2.0wt%とすることが好ましい。0.1~2.0wt%のFeの含有を許容することで、原料としてスクラップ材を好適に用いることができる。また、0.1~2.0wt%のFeであれば、Niの添加によって当該Feの影響を確実に無害化することができる。Feの含有量は0.15~1.1wt%とすることがより好ましい。
Cu:0.2~1.0wt%
Cuの含有量は0.2~1.0wt%とすることが好ましい。CuはAl、Mg、Si、Cu系4元型析出物(Q相もしくはQ’相)の形成により、機械的強度及び疲労強度を高める作用を有する。Cu含有量が0.2wt%未満ではこれらの効果を十分に得ることができない。一方で、Cu含有量が1.0wt%を超えると耐食性を低下させる虞がある。
Mnの含有量は0.1~0.8wt%とすることが好ましい。Mnの含有量を0.1wt%以上とすることで、Al-(Fe,Mn,Cr)-Si系化合物の形成によりアルミニウム合金を高強度化することができる。また、Mnの含有量を0.8wt%以下とすることで、靭性及び延性を低下させる粗大なAl-(Fe,Mn,Cr)-Si系化合物の形成を抑制することができる。
Crの含有量は0.1~0.8wt%とすることが好ましい。Crの含有量を0.1wt%以上とすることで、Al-(Fe,Mn,Cr)-Si系化合物の形成によりアルミニウム合金を高強度化することができる。また、Crの含有量を0.8wt%以下とすることで、靭性及び延性を低下させる粗大なAl-(Fe,Mn,Cr)-Si系化合物の形成を抑制することができる。
Zrは化合物のピン止め効果により再結晶組織化を抑制する効果を有し、加工組織を安定化することができる。含有量を0.05wt%以上とすることで当該効果を十分に発現することができ、0.20wt%以下とすることで化合物の粗大化に伴う延性の低下を抑制することができる。
0.05wt%以上のVを添加することで、Al-V系の分散粒子が形成され、結晶粒界の移動を抑制し、再結晶化を抑制する、いわゆるピン止め効果を発現させ、強度に寄与することができる。また、Vの添加量を0.20wt%以下とすることで、Al-V系分散粒子の粗大化に伴う延性の低下を抑制することができる。
TiはBとの複合添加でAl-TiやTi-B系の化合物を形成し、鋳造組織を微細化し、鋳造割れを防止すると共に、添加元素の均質化を促進させる。これらの効果は0.01wt%未満では不十分であり、0.15wt%を超える量を添加するとその効果が飽和するだけでなく、Al-Ti系の粗大な晶出物を形成し、靭性を低下させる。また、TiをAl中に固溶させることで強化相であるAl2CuやAl2CuMg析出物の高温下での成長を抑制し、高強度を安定して得ることができる。
Bの添加により鋳造組織を微細化することができる。当該微細化効果はBの含有量を0.001wt%以上とすることで十分に発現させることができ、0.05wt%以下とすることで粗大化合物の形成に起因する延性の低下を抑制することができる。なお、鋳造組織の微細化効果を得るためには、鋳造直前にBを合金溶湯中に添加することが好ましい。
本発明のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材は、本発明のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金からなるアルミニウム合金材である。以下、Al-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材の組織及び機械的性質について詳細に説明する。
本発明のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材は、微細なAl-Fe-Ni系化合物が分散していること、を特徴としている。
Al-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材の0.2%耐力は300MPa以上であることが好ましく、330MPa以上であることがより好ましく、360MPa以上であることが最も好ましい。また、Al-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材の破断伸びは12%以上であることが好ましく、13%以上であることがより好ましく、14%以上であることが最も好ましい。Al-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材がこれらの引張特性を有することで、高い信頼性が要求される構造部材にも好適に用いることができる。また、十分な延性が担保され、優れた塑性加工性を有していることから、押出材、圧延材及び鍛造材等の塑性加工材とすることができる。
DC連続鋳造法によって、表1に実施例として示した組成を有する厚さ70mmのアルミニウム合金のスラブを得た。なお、表1の成分はwt%で示している。また、表1にはNi(wt%)/Fe(wt%)及びMg(wt%)/Si(wt%)の値も示している。実施例として示した全ての組成について、Ni(wt%)/Fe(wt%)の値は0.7~3.5の範囲内となっている。
表1に比較例として示した組成を有するアルミニウム合金のスラブを用いたこと以外は実施例と同様にして、比較アルミニウム合金材を得た。また、実施例と同様にして、得られた比較アルミニウム合金材を評価した。
Claims (8)
- 0超2.0wt%以下のFeと、
0.7≦Ni(wt%)/Fe(wt%)≦3.5となるNiと、を含有すること、
を特徴とするAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金。 - Si:0.5~1.4wt%、
Mg:0.6~1.7wt%、
Ni:0.1~2.5wt%、
Fe:0.1~2.0wt%、を含有し、
残部がAlと不可避不純物からなること、
を特徴とする請求項1に記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金。 - Cu:0.2~1.0wt%、
Mn:0.1~0.8wt%、
Cr:0.1~0.8wt%、のいずれか1種以上を含むこと、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金。 - Zr:0.05~0.20wt%、
V:0.05~0.20wt%、
Ti:0.01~0.15wt%、
B:0.001~0.05wt%、のいずれか1種以上を含むこと、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金。 - Mg(wt%)/Si(wt%)が1.73以上であること、
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金。 - 請求項1~5のうちのいずれかに記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金からなり、
Al-Fe-Ni系化合物が分散していること、
を特徴とするAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材。 - 0.2%耐力が300MPa以上、破断伸びが12%以上の引張特性を有すること、
を特徴とする請求項6に記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材。 - VDA238-100で規定されるVDA曲げ試験の限界曲げ角度が50°以上であること、
を特徴とする請求項6に記載のAl-Mg-Si-Ni系合金材。
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