WO2023203453A1 - Hydrofoil comprising a retractable foil assembly - Google Patents

Hydrofoil comprising a retractable foil assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023203453A1
WO2023203453A1 PCT/IB2023/053842 IB2023053842W WO2023203453A1 WO 2023203453 A1 WO2023203453 A1 WO 2023203453A1 IB 2023053842 W IB2023053842 W IB 2023053842W WO 2023203453 A1 WO2023203453 A1 WO 2023203453A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrofoil
mast
well
foil
foil assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/053842
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alexandre ARNAUD
Original Assignee
Seabubbles
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seabubbles filed Critical Seabubbles
Publication of WO2023203453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023203453A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/242—Mounting, suspension of the foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/246—Arrangements of propulsion elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/28—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils
    • B63B1/30—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils retracting or folding

Definitions

  • the present invention falls within the field of naval design. It is more particularly aimed at a hydrofoil comprising at least one set of retractable foils.
  • a hydrofoil is a boat capable of rising, that is to say, rising out of the water and maintaining its equilibrium out of the water under the effect of speed, by means of several supporting planes. placed under its hull.
  • foil Such a supporting plane is most commonly designated by the term “foil”, borrowed from English. For ease of reading, in this application, the term “foil” is used.
  • the foil can also be called “wing”, “supporting wing”, “lift plane” or even be designated by the English term “hydrofoil”.
  • the foil is supported by a generally straight structural element which extends under the hull called a “mast”.
  • the term “foil assembly” refers to the assembly formed by a mast and a foil.
  • Foil hydrofoils have a very significant draft. This draft does not allow navigation in shallow waters and can hinder the landing of the hydrofoil, its transport out of the water and maintenance operations. To remedy this problem, the prior art knows hydrofoils equipped with retractable foil assemblies.
  • the sets of retractable foils are retractable by vertical translation of the mast or by rotation of the foil assembly.
  • Other systems are configured to fold the foil on itself or along the mast.
  • the sets of foils retractable by vertical translation require the provision of a well, that is to say a clearance in the hull.
  • the function of the well is to shelter the mast and ensure the transfer of the forces experienced by the foil assembly to the hull.
  • the well has load relays, commonly called high wedges and low wedges, on its walls and generally has a shape matching that of the mast. These complementary shapes also have the advantage of ensuring the watertightness of the well.
  • the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.
  • the present invention aims at a hydrofoil equipped with a hull and an internal structure, which comprises:
  • junction part secured to the mast, said junction part forming a slide connection with a chassis secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil so that the foil assembly is movable between at least one raised position and one lowered position and so that the significant mechanical forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure, via the chassis.
  • hull or "hull bottom” is the outer envelope of the ship, consisting of the part of the planking intended to be submerged.
  • the foil assemblies or any other appendage rudder, propeller, anti-drift planes, keel are considered to be separate from the hull according to this definition.
  • internal structure refers to the structural frame of the ship, including the pair of frame, longitudinal and transverse partition but not including the hull as defined above.
  • the mast is a substantially straight structural element which extends outside the hull and whose functions are to support the foil and contribute to the hydrodynamic characteristics of the foil assembly.
  • transverse means an orientation substantially orthogonal to the main axis of the mast and “longitudinal” means an orientation substantially parallel to the main axis of the mast.
  • the terms “raised position” and “lowered position” refer to the position of the foil assembly. In the raised position the foil assembly is retracted or “in the high position” so that a lesser length of the mast emerges from the hull. In the raised position the draft is weaker. In the lowered position the foil assembly is deployed or “in the low position” so that a greater length of the mast emerges from the hull. In the lowered position the draft is greater. As many positions as necessary can be provided along the travel of the slide connection with the chassis.
  • the forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure, via the chassis.
  • all of the significant mechanical forces are passed on to the internal structure of the hydrofoil and not to its hull via the well.
  • “significant” effort means a non-negligible effort.
  • the forces supported by the walls of the well are negligible if they are 10 times lower than those supported by the frame.
  • the forces supported by the walls of the well are negligible if they do not exceed 1000 Newtons, preferably if they do not exceed 800 Newtons, preferably if they do not exceed 600 Newtons .
  • the invention is advantageous because it allows easier replacement of the foil assembly during the life of the hydrofoil.
  • a replacement may be desirable to improve the performance of the hydrofoil or to replace a faulty foil assembly. It is easy to understand that, since the dimensions of the foil well and the hull are no longer intrinsically linked to those of the foil assembly, the supply of a replacement foil assembly is facilitated and the design or choice of a new set of foil is freer.
  • hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention is that the mechanical stresses suffered by the hull, at the level of the well(s), are less than for the hydrofoils of the prior art.
  • the strength requirements of the well are reduced to what is strictly necessary to support the parasitic forces not absorbed by the chassis. This generates a significant gain in mass in the well area.
  • the junction part is a removable part fixed to the mast.
  • the junction part can be removed from the mast and used again on a separate foil assembly.
  • the mast includes a head configured to cooperate with the junction part.
  • mast head means a part of the mast at the end of the mast opposite the end intended to be immersed in water.
  • the mast head preferably has means facilitating a connection with the junction part. These means comprise, for example, one or more rectangular sections allowing enclosing of the head or prepositioned screw-nut type attachment means, or any other suitable attachment means.
  • the masthead is located above the keel bottom, whatever the position of the foil assembly. Thus, it is not useful for the head to have hydrodynamic characteristics useful for navigation.
  • the hydrofoil is configured so that the mast does not come into contact with the walls of the foil well during navigation of the hydrofoil. In other words, a non-zero minimum space is left between the surface of the mast and the wall of the well.
  • the foil well has no role as a mechanical force relay.
  • a space can be left between the surface of the mast and the wall of the well.
  • the minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is at least 1 centimeter, preferably at least 2 centimeters, very preferably at least 5 centimeters.
  • the minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is defined as being the shortest distance between a point on the surface of the mast of the foil assembly and a point on the wall of the well.
  • the axis of the chassis is offset relative to the axis of the mast and the junction piece connects the mast and the chassis transversely.
  • the mast and the frame are arranged side by side and not in a row. Thanks to these arrangements, the vertical bulk of the group formed by the chassis and the foil assembly is less.
  • the movement of the foil assembly along the rail is motorized by means of a linear electromechanical actuator.
  • the linear electromechanical actuator has a ball screw and a motor.
  • the hydrofoil comprises a means ensuring the sealing of the well.
  • the means ensuring the sealing of the well comprises a flexible membrane pierced with a slot into which the mast of the foil assembly is slipped.
  • the junction piece crushes a joint resting on the top of the well when the system is in the low position ensuring an extension of the height of the well by a length at less equal to that of the junction piece.
  • the provisions of the invention reinforced in certain particular embodiments, facilitate the replacement of one set of foils by another.
  • the hydrofoil comprises a first set of foils and a second set of foils which are interchangeable with each other.
  • a hydrofoil could be supplied with two separate sets of foils including a set of foils allows for more “sporty” navigation, that is to say, faster navigation compared to the other set of foils which allows navigation offering better stability.
  • a hydrofoil is provided with two foil assemblies having masts of different lengths, so that by interchanging the foil assemblies the draft of the hydrofoil can be changed.
  • the invention relates to a ship appendage which comprises a mast intended to be positioned in a well drilled across the hull of a hydrofoil and a junction part secured to the mast, the junction part being configured to form a slide connection with a chassis secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, so that the ship's appendage can be made mobile between at least one raised position and a lowered position and so that significant mechanical forces undergone by the ship's appendage during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, via the chassis.
  • ship appendage means any appendage which emerges from the hull of the ship to be immersed in the water.
  • the ship's appendage is chosen from a set of foils, a rudder, a propeller support or even an anti-drift plan.
  • the ship's appendage is supported by a generally straight structural member that extends beneath the hull called a mast.
  • the invention according to its second aspect relates to a foil assembly intended to be positioned in a well drilled across the hull of a hydrofoil and comprising a mast secured to a foil and a piece of junction, the junction part being configured to form a slide connection with a frame secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, so that the foil assembly can be made mobile between at least one raised position and one lowered position, and so that the significant mechanical forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, via the chassis.
  • the characteristics and advantages of the ship's appendage and the foil assembly object of the invention being similar to those of the hydrofoil object of the invention, they are not repeated again here.
  • FIG 1 represents, schematically, a side view of a first particular embodiment of a hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention
  • FIG 2 represents, schematically, a front view of the first embodiment of a hydrofoil object of the invention
  • FIG 3 represents, schematically and in perspective view, the detail of a chassis and a connecting part according to a particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention
  • FIG 4 represents, schematically and in longitudinal section view, the detail of the chassis and the connecting part of Figure 3 and
  • FIG 5 represents different cross sections, of the masthead, the mast and the well, according to a particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention, said sections being superimposed on each other to assess their relative dimensions.
  • junction part 160 which comprises a part 161 ensuring the attachment with the mast of a foil assembly and a part 162 ensuring a slide connection with the chassis 140
  • FIG. 1 and 2 respectively, a side view and a front view of a hydrofoil 100.
  • the hydrofoil 100 is equipped with a hull 190 and comprises a first set of foil 110, a second set of foil 120 and a third set of foil 130.
  • the foil assemblies, 110, 120 and 130 are shown here in lowered positions.
  • the first set of foil 110 is positioned at the bow, it comprises a foil 111 secured to a mast 112.
  • a first well 115 is arranged in the hull 190, it makes it possible to shelter a more or less significant part of the mast 112 depending on that the first set of foil 110 is raised or lowered.
  • the second and third set of foils, 120 and 130 are positioned at the stern. They each have a mast, respectively 122 and 132, and a propulsion propeller, respectively 123 and 133, but are both attached to the same foil 121.
  • the foil assemblies 110, 120 and 130 are moved by vertical translation between a raised position and a lowered position. As many additional positions as necessary can be provided on the travel stroke of the foil assemblies, without deviating from the invention.
  • each set of foils may include a separate foil and their movements may be decorrelated.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 An embodiment of a chassis 140 and a junction part 160 according to a particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention.
  • a frame and a connecting piece of the type shown in Figures 3 and 4 are for example installed overhanging each of the three wells described above for the hydrofoil 100.
  • the junction part 160 has a part 161 ensuring the fixing with the mast of a foil assembly and a part 162 ensuring a slide connection with the chassis 140.
  • the part of the upper mast fixed is called “mast head”. by part 161 ensuring attachment with the mast.
  • the mast head 118 is configured to facilitate attachment between the mast and the junction part.
  • the mast head has a simple polygonal cross section, or a round section, complementary to the shape of part 161 of the junction piece 160.
  • the part 161 comprises two jaws gripping a mast head 118 of rectangular section in a vice. Any element allowing an integral connection between the junction part and the mast can be considered without deviating from the invention.
  • the masthead may have standardized dimensions, that is to say dimensions common to several heads of several different foil assemblies.
  • the junction part 160 is a removable part fixed to the mast. In other embodiments, the mast and the junction part are formed in one piece.
  • Part 162 of the junction part 160 providing a slide connection with the chassis 140 is for example formed of extensions which extend transversely in relation to the axis of the mast.
  • Each extension has at its end a carriage, 164, 165, and 166, configured to cooperate with a rail, 141 or 142.
  • the rails 141 and 142 are two vertical rails parallel to each other.
  • the axis of the chassis 140 that is to say a vertical axis centered between the two rails 141 and 142, is offset relative to the axis of the mast and the junction part 160 connects transversely, here horizontally, the mast and the chassis 140.
  • the rails 141 and 124 are supported by a frame 140 which in turn is fixed to the internal structure of the hydrofoil.
  • the forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation are intense. Thanks to the invention, these forces are reflected on the chassis then dissipated on the internal structure.
  • the homogenization of the forces on the stiff structure formed by the frame before the forces are passed on to the internal structure helps to dissipate the forces.
  • Particular care will be taken at the fixing points between the chassis 140 and the internal structure so that the mechanical stresses suffered are effectively dissipated. For example, the attachment between the chassis and the internal structure of the hydrofoil is ensured by 18 screw-nut fasteners distributed across the chassis.
  • the passage of the foil assembly from a raised position to a lowered position is motorized.
  • this motorization is provided by means of a linear electromechanical actuator 144.
  • the linear electromechanical actuator comprises a ball screw and a motor.
  • the blocking means comprises at least one electric or pneumatic cylinder.
  • the blocking means comprises a first electric cylinder comprising a first piston 145 which, when deployed, engages in a striker and immobilizes in place two carriages, including the carriage 166, of the junction part 160 , so that the foil assembly is immobilized in the raised position.
  • the chassis 140 comprises a second cylinder comprising a second piston 146 which when deployed immobilizes in place two carriages, including the carriage 166, of the junction part 160, so that the foil assembly is immobilized in position lowered.
  • the motorization of the movement of the foil assembly is ensured by means of a piston.
  • FIG. 5 a diagram illustrating the relative dimensions of the masthead, the mast and the well, of the first embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention.
  • this figure are shown in bold lines the contour 119 of the masthead 118, the contour 113 of the mast 112 and the wall 116 of the well 115.
  • the mast head 118 has a substantially rectangular outline 119 allowing easy attachment to the junction part.
  • each of the foil assemblies and the sheltering wells are configured to prevent the mast sheltered by each well from coming into contact with the walls of the well during navigation of the hydrofoil.
  • the dimensions of the contour 113 of the mast 112 and of the wall 116 of the well 115 are determined to leave a non-zero minimum space between the surface of the mast, illustrated by the contour 133, and the wall 116 of the well.
  • the minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is at least 1 centimeter, preferably 2 centimeters, preferably at least 5 centimeters, very preferably at least 10 centimeters.
  • the hydrofoil 100 comprises, in at least one of its wells intended to house a mast, a means ensuring the sealing of the well.
  • the means ensuring the sealing of the well comprises a flexible membrane pierced with a slot into which the mast of the foil assembly is slipped.
  • the means ensuring sealing comprises an extensible joint connecting the well to the junction part, so that the junction part crushes a joint the joint supports on the top of the well when the system is in the low position, ensuring an extension of the height of the well by a length at least equal to that of the junction piece.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrofoil with a hull and an internal structure, which comprises: - a foil assembly comprising a mast rigidly connected to a foil; - a hole drilled through the hull and housing the mast; and - a joining part rigidly connected to the mast, the joining part forming a sliding connection with a frame rigidly connected to the internal structure of the hydrofoil so that the foil assembly is movable between at least one raised position and one lowered position and so that the considerable mechanical forces to which the foil assembly is exposed during the sailing of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure via the frame. The invention also relates to a ship appendage, in particular a foil assembly suitable for being installed on a hydrofoil according to the invention.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : HYDROPTÈRE COMPORTANT UN ENSEMBLE DE FOIL RÉTRACTABLE TITLE: HYDROPTER COMPRISING A RETRACTABLE FOIL ASSEMBLY
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L’INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] La présente invention s’inscrit dans le domaine de la conception navale. Elle vise plus particulièrement un hydroptère comportant au moins un ensemble de foil rétractable. [0001] The present invention falls within the field of naval design. It is more particularly aimed at a hydrofoil comprising at least one set of retractable foils.
ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
[0002] L’art antérieur connaît des hydroptères à foil. On appelle hydroptère un bateau capable de déjauger, c’est-à-dire de s'élever hors de l’eau et de se maintenir en équilibre hors de l’eau sous l'effet de la vitesse, au moyen de plusieurs plans porteurs placés sous sa coque. [0002] The prior art knows foil hydrofoils. A hydrofoil is a boat capable of rising, that is to say, rising out of the water and maintaining its equilibrium out of the water under the effect of speed, by means of several supporting planes. placed under its hull.
[0003] Un tel plan porteur est le plus couramment désigné par le terme « foil », emprunté de l’anglais. Pour en faciliter la lecture, dans la présente demande, le terme « foil » est utilisé. Le foil peut aussi être dénommé « aile », « aile portante », « plan sustentateur » ou encore être désigné par le terme anglais « hydrofoil ». Le foil est supporté par un élément structurel généralement droit qui s’étend sous la coque appelé « mât ». On désigne par « ensemble de foil » l’ensemble formé par un mât et un foil. [0003] Such a supporting plane is most commonly designated by the term “foil”, borrowed from English. For ease of reading, in this application, the term “foil” is used. The foil can also be called “wing”, “supporting wing”, “lift plane” or even be designated by the English term “hydrofoil”. The foil is supported by a generally straight structural element which extends under the hull called a “mast”. The term “foil assembly” refers to the assembly formed by a mast and a foil.
[0004] Les hydroptères à foil ont un tirant d’eau très important. Ce tirant d’eau ne permet pas la navigation en eaux peu profondes et peut gêner l’appontement de l’hydroptère, son transport hors de l’eau et les opérations d’entretien. Pour remédier à ce problème, l’art antérieur connaît des hydroptères munis d’ensembles de foil rétractables. [0004] Foil hydrofoils have a very significant draft. This draft does not allow navigation in shallow waters and can hinder the landing of the hydrofoil, its transport out of the water and maintenance operations. To remedy this problem, the prior art knows hydrofoils equipped with retractable foil assemblies.
[0005] Les ensembles de foils rétractables, par exemple ceux décrits dans la demande publiée sous le numéro FR 3 093 073 A1 ou dans la demande publiée sous le numéro CN 105 905 232 A, sont rétractables par translation verticale du mât ou par rotation de l’ensemble de foil. D’autres systèmes sont configurés pour replier le foil sur lui-même ou le long du mât. [0005] The sets of retractable foils, for example those described in the application published under the number FR 3 093 073 A1 or in the application published under the number CN 105 905 232 A, are retractable by vertical translation of the mast or by rotation of the foil assembly. Other systems are configured to fold the foil on itself or along the mast.
[0006] Les ensembles de foils rétractables par translation verticale nécessitent de prévoir un puits, c’est-à-dire un dégagement dans la coque. Le puits a pour fonctions d’abriter le mât et d’assurer le transfert des efforts subits par l’ensemble de foil vers la coque. Pour ce faire, le puits comporte des relais d’effort, dénommées couramment cales hautes et cales basses, sur ses parois et présente généralement une forme épousant celle du mât. Ces formes complémentaires présentent en outre l’avantage d’assurer l’étanchéité du puits. [0006] The sets of foils retractable by vertical translation require the provision of a well, that is to say a clearance in the hull. The function of the well is to shelter the mast and ensure the transfer of the forces experienced by the foil assembly to the hull. To do this, the well has load relays, commonly called high wedges and low wedges, on its walls and generally has a shape matching that of the mast. These complementary shapes also have the advantage of ensuring the watertightness of the well.
[0007] La transmission des efforts mécaniques entre l’ensemble de foil et la coque par l’intermédiaire des parois du puits et/ou les formes complémentaires du mât et du puits impliquent que tout changement apporté au mât lors de la conception de l’hydroptère nécessite de concevoir à nouveau le puits de foil pour l’adapter au changement apporté. Ces formes complémentaires empêchent également de remplacer l’ensemble de foil initialement prévu sur un hydroptère par un ensemble de foil de dimensions différentes. [0007] The transmission of mechanical forces between the foil assembly and the hull via the walls of the well and/or the complementary shapes of the mast and the well imply that any change made to the mast during the design of the hydrofoil requires redesigning the foil well to adapt it to the change made. These complementary shapes also prevent the replacement of the foil assembly initially planned on a hydrofoil with a foil assembly of different dimensions.
[0008] Dans le cas des foils rétractables, le puits et les cales ont un double rôle de guidage et de transmission des efforts du foil à la coque. La robustesse de cette double fonction est limitée car les effets désirés sont contraires. [0008] In the case of retractable foils, the well and the wedges have a dual role of guiding and transmitting forces from the foil to the hull. The robustness of this dual function is limited because the desired effects are contrary.
OBJETS DE L’INVENTION OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0009] La présente invention vise à remédier à tout ou partie de ces inconvénients. The present invention aims to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.
[0010] À cet effet, selon un premier objet, la présente invention vise un hydroptère doté d’une coque et d’une structure interne, qui comporte : [0010] To this end, according to a first object, the present invention aims at a hydrofoil equipped with a hull and an internal structure, which comprises:
- un ensemble de foil comportant un mât solidaire d’un foil, - a set of foils comprising a mast attached to a foil,
- un puits percé en travers de la coque et abritant le mât, et - a well drilled across the hull and housing the mast, and
- une pièce de jonction solidaire du mât, ladite pièce de jonction formant une liaison glissière avec un châssis solidaire de la structure interne de l’hydroptère de sorte que l’ensemble de foil est mobile entre au moins une position relevée et une position abaissée et de sorte que les efforts mécaniques significatifs subis par l’ensemble de foil lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère sont transmis à la structure interne, par l’intermédiaire du châssis. - a junction part secured to the mast, said junction part forming a slide connection with a chassis secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil so that the foil assembly is movable between at least one raised position and one lowered position and so that the significant mechanical forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure, via the chassis.
[0011] Dans le cadre de la présente demande, on appelle « coque », ou « fond de coque », l'enveloppe extérieure du navire, constituée de la partie du bordé destinée à être immergée. Les ensembles de foil ou tout autre appendice (gouvernail, hélice, plans anti-dérives, quille) sont considérés comme étant distincts de la coque selon cette définition. [0011] In the context of the present application, the term "hull", or "hull bottom", is the outer envelope of the ship, consisting of the part of the planking intended to be submerged. The foil assemblies or any other appendage (rudder, propeller, anti-drift planes, keel) are considered to be separate from the hull according to this definition.
[0012] Dans le cadre de la présente demande, on appelle « structure interne » l’armature structurelle du navire, incluant le couple porque, cloison longitudinale et transversale mais n’incluant pas la coque telle que définie plus haut. [0012] In the context of the present application, the term "internal structure" refers to the structural frame of the ship, including the pair of frame, longitudinal and transverse partition but not including the hull as defined above.
[0013] Le mât est un élément structurel sensiblement droit qui s’étend en dehors de la coque et dont les fonctions sont de supporter le foil et de contribuer aux caractéristiques hydrodynamiques de l’ensemble de foil. Dans le cadre de la présente demande, on entend par « transversal » une orientation sensiblement orthogonale avec l’axe principal du mât et on entend par « longitudinal » une orientation sensiblement parallèle avec l’axe principale du mât. [0013] The mast is a substantially straight structural element which extends outside the hull and whose functions are to support the foil and contribute to the hydrodynamic characteristics of the foil assembly. In the context of the present application, “transverse” means an orientation substantially orthogonal to the main axis of the mast and “longitudinal” means an orientation substantially parallel to the main axis of the mast.
[0014] Les termes « position relevée » et « position abaissée » font référence à la position de l’ensemble de foil. En position relevée l’ensemble de foil est rentré ou « en position haute » de sorte qu’une longueur moindre du mât émerge de la coque. En position relevée le tirant d’eau est plus faible. En position abaissée l’ensemble de foil est déployé ou « en position basse » de sorte qu’une longueur plus importante du mât émerge de la coque. En position abaissée le tirant d’eau est plus important. Autant de positions que nécessaires peuvent être prévues sur la course de la liaison glissière avec le châssis. [0014] The terms “raised position” and “lowered position” refer to the position of the foil assembly. In the raised position the foil assembly is retracted or “in the high position” so that a lesser length of the mast emerges from the hull. In the raised position the draft is weaker. In the lowered position the foil assembly is deployed or “in the low position” so that a greater length of the mast emerges from the hull. In the lowered position the draft is greater. As many positions as necessary can be provided along the travel of the slide connection with the chassis.
[0015] Selon les dispositions de l’invention, les efforts subis par l’ensemble de foil lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère sont transmis à la structure interne, par l’intermédiaire du châssis. En d’autres termes, l’ensemble des efforts mécaniques non négligeables sont répercutés sur la structure interne de l’hydroptère et non sur sa coque par l’intermédiaire du puits. [0016] Dans le cadre de la présente demande, on entend par effort « significatif » un effort non négligeable. À titre d’exemple, les efforts supportés par les parois du puits sont négligeables s’ils sont 10 fois inférieurs à ceux supportés par le châssis. [0015] According to the provisions of the invention, the forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure, via the chassis. In other words, all of the significant mechanical forces are passed on to the internal structure of the hydrofoil and not to its hull via the well. [0016] In the context of the present application, “significant” effort means a non-negligible effort. For example, the forces supported by the walls of the well are negligible if they are 10 times lower than those supported by the frame.
[0017] À titre d’exemple, les efforts supportés par les parois du puits sont négligeables s’ils n’excèdent pas 1000 Newtons, préférentiellement s’ils n’excèdent pas 800 Newtons, préférentiellement s’ils n’excèdent pas 600 Newtons. [0017] For example, the forces supported by the walls of the well are negligible if they do not exceed 1000 Newtons, preferably if they do not exceed 800 Newtons, preferably if they do not exceed 600 Newtons .
[0018] Ces dispositions sont avantageuses car elles permettent de décorréler structurellement le puits et la coque de l’ensemble de foil. Cette différence fondamentale comparée aux hydroptères de l’art antérieur permet la conception d’une coque et d’un puits de coque sans tenir compte des caractéristiques de l’ensemble de foil, et inversement. Cela permet une conception plus rapide et plus libre de l’hydroptère car une modification apportée à l’ensemble de foil n’implique pas nécessairement de modifications structurelles de la coque. [0018] These arrangements are advantageous because they make it possible to structurally decorrelate the well and the hull of the foil assembly. This fundamental difference compared to hydrofoils of the prior art allows the design of a hull and a hull well without taking into account the characteristics of the foil assembly, and vice versa. This allows for faster and freer design of the hydrofoil because a modification to the foil assembly does not necessarily involve structural changes to the hull.
[0019] De plus, l’invention est avantageuse car elle permet un remplacement plus facile de l’ensemble de foil lors de la vie de l’hydroptère. Un remplacement peut être souhaitable pour améliorer les performances de l’hydroptère ou pour remplacer un ensemble de foil défectueux. On comprend aisément que, dès lors que les dimensions du puits de foil et de la coque ne sont plus intrinsèquement liées à celles de l’ensemble de foil, la fourniture d’un ensemble de foil de remplacement est facilitée et la conception ou le choix d’un nouvel ensemble de foil est plus libre. [0019] Furthermore, the invention is advantageous because it allows easier replacement of the foil assembly during the life of the hydrofoil. A replacement may be desirable to improve the performance of the hydrofoil or to replace a faulty foil assembly. It is easy to understand that, since the dimensions of the foil well and the hull are no longer intrinsically linked to those of the foil assembly, the supply of a replacement foil assembly is facilitated and the design or choice of a new set of foil is freer.
[0020] Un autre avantage de l’hydroptère objet de l’invention est que les contraintes mécaniques subies par la coque, au niveau du ou des puits, sont moindres que pour les hydroptères de l’art antérieur. En outre, les exigences de solidité du puits sont réduites au strict nécessaire pour supporter les efforts parasites non absorbés par le châssis. Ceci génère un gain de masse conséquent sur la zone du puits. Another advantage of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention is that the mechanical stresses suffered by the hull, at the level of the well(s), are less than for the hydrofoils of the prior art. In addition, the strength requirements of the well are reduced to what is strictly necessary to support the parasitic forces not absorbed by the chassis. This generates a significant gain in mass in the well area.
[0021] Dans des modes de réalisation, la pièce de jonction est une pièce amovible fixée au mât. [0021] In embodiments, the junction part is a removable part fixed to the mast.
[0022] Grâce à ces dispositions, en cas de remplacement de l’ensemble de foil, la pièce de jonction peut être démontée du mât et utilisée à nouveau sur un ensemble de foil distinct. [0023] Dans des modes de réalisation, le mât comporte une tête configurée pour coopérer avec la pièce de jonction. [0022] Thanks to these provisions, in the event of replacement of the foil assembly, the junction part can be removed from the mast and used again on a separate foil assembly. [0023] In embodiments, the mast includes a head configured to cooperate with the junction part.
[0024] On entend par « tête de mât » une partie du mât à l’extrémité du mât opposé à l’extrémité destinée à être immergée dans l’eau. La tête de mât présente préférentiellement des moyens facilitant une liaison avec la pièce de jonction. Ces moyens comportent par exemple une ou plusieurs sections rectangulaires permettant un enserrement de la tête ou des moyens d’attache de type vis-écrou prépositionnés, ou encore tout autre moyen convenable d’attache. The term “mast head” means a part of the mast at the end of the mast opposite the end intended to be immersed in water. The mast head preferably has means facilitating a connection with the junction part. These means comprise, for example, one or more rectangular sections allowing enclosing of the head or prepositioned screw-nut type attachment means, or any other suitable attachment means.
[0025] La tête de mât est se situe au-dessus du fond de quille, quelle que soit la position de l’ensemble de foil. Ainsi, il n’est pas utile que la tête présente des caractéristiques hydrodynamiques utiles à la navigation. [0025] The masthead is located above the keel bottom, whatever the position of the foil assembly. Thus, it is not useful for the head to have hydrodynamic characteristics useful for navigation.
[0026] Grâce à ces dispositions, la fixation entre la pièce de jonction amovible et le mât de l’ensemble de foil est facilitée. [0026] Thanks to these arrangements, the attachment between the removable junction piece and the mast of the foil assembly is facilitated.
[0027] Dans des modes de réalisation, l’hydroptère est configuré pour que le mât ne rentre pas en contact avec les parois du puits de foil lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère. En d’autres termes un espace minimal non nul est ménagé entre la surface du mât et la paroi du puits. [0027] In embodiments, the hydrofoil is configured so that the mast does not come into contact with the walls of the foil well during navigation of the hydrofoil. In other words, a non-zero minimum space is left between the surface of the mast and the wall of the well.
[0028] Selon l’invention, le puits de foil n’a pas de rôle de relais d’effort mécanique. Ainsi, un espace peut être ménagé entre la surface du mât et la paroi du puits. Ces dispositions permettent de remplacer l’ensemble de foil en place sur l’hydroptère par un autre ensemble de foil de section transversale plus grande. Un tel dégagement assure que les déformés relatives du mât et du puits ne génèrent pas ou peu d’effort sur les parois du puits. Par exemple, l’effort maximal sur les parois du puits n’excède pas 1000 Newtons. [0028] According to the invention, the foil well has no role as a mechanical force relay. Thus, a space can be left between the surface of the mast and the wall of the well. These arrangements make it possible to replace the foil assembly in place on the hydrofoil with another foil assembly of larger cross section. Such clearance ensures that the relative deformations of the mast and the well generate little or no force on the walls of the well. For example, the maximum force on the walls of the well does not exceed 1000 Newtons.
[0029] Dans des modes de réalisation, la distance minimale séparant la surface du mât de la paroi du puits est au moins de 1 centimètre, préférentiellement au moins de 2 centimètres, très préférentiellement au moins de 5 centimètres. [0029] In embodiments, the minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is at least 1 centimeter, preferably at least 2 centimeters, very preferably at least 5 centimeters.
[0030] On définit la distance minimale séparant la surface du mât de la paroi du puits comme étant la distance la plus courte entre un point de la surface du mât de l’ensemble de foil et un point de la paroi du puits. [0031 ] Dans des modes de réalisation, la liaison glissière entre le châssis et l’ensemble de foil est assurée par la coopération entre au moins un chariot et au moins un rail. The minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is defined as being the shortest distance between a point on the surface of the mast of the foil assembly and a point on the wall of the well. [0031] In embodiments, the slide connection between the chassis and the foil assembly is ensured by cooperation between at least one carriage and at least one rail.
[0032] Dans des modes de réalisation, l’axe du châssis est décalé par rapport à l’axe du mât et la pièce de jonction relie transversalement le mât et le châssis. [0032] In embodiments, the axis of the chassis is offset relative to the axis of the mast and the junction piece connects the mast and the chassis transversely.
[0033] En d’autres termes, le mât et le châssis sont disposés côte à côte et non en enfilade. Grâce à ces dispositions, l’encombrement vertical du groupe formé par le châssis et l’ensemble de foil est moindre. [0033] In other words, the mast and the frame are arranged side by side and not in a row. Thanks to these arrangements, the vertical bulk of the group formed by the chassis and the foil assembly is less.
[0034] Dans des modes de réalisation, le déplacement de l’ensemble de foil le long du rail est motorisé au moyen d’un actionneur électromécanique linéaire. Par exemple, l’actionneur électromécanique linéaire comporte une vis à bille et un moteur. [0034] In embodiments, the movement of the foil assembly along the rail is motorized by means of a linear electromechanical actuator. For example, the linear electromechanical actuator has a ball screw and a motor.
[0035] La décorrélation des formes du mât et du puits et a fortiori le ménagement d’un espace entre la paroi du puits et la surface du mât sont susceptibles d’occasionner des problèmes d’étanchéité entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur de la coque, par l’intermédiaire du puits. [0035] The decorrelation of the shapes of the mast and the well and a fortiori the provision of a space between the wall of the well and the surface of the mast are likely to cause sealing problems between the interior and exterior of the hull, via the well.
[0036] Ainsi, dans des modes de réalisation, l’hydroptère comporte un moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits. Par exemple, le moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits comporte une membrane souple percée d’une fente dans laquelle est glissé le mât de l’ensemble de foil. [0036] Thus, in embodiments, the hydrofoil comprises a means ensuring the sealing of the well. For example, the means ensuring the sealing of the well comprises a flexible membrane pierced with a slot into which the mast of the foil assembly is slipped.
[0037] Dans d’autres modes de réalisation, ou en complément, la pièce de jonction vient écraser un joint en appuis sur le haut du puits lorsque le système est en position basse assurant un prolongement de la hauteur du puits d’une longueur au moins égale à celle de la pièce de jonction. [0037] In other embodiments, or in addition, the junction piece crushes a joint resting on the top of the well when the system is in the low position ensuring an extension of the height of the well by a length at less equal to that of the junction piece.
[0038] Grâce à ces dispositions, l’étanchéité du puits est améliorée. [0038] Thanks to these arrangements, the tightness of the well is improved.
[0039] Comme détaillé ci-avant, les dispositions de l’invention, renforcées dans certains modes de réalisation particuliers, facilitent le remplacement d’un ensemble de foil par un autre. As detailed above, the provisions of the invention, reinforced in certain particular embodiments, facilitate the replacement of one set of foils by another.
[0040] Ainsi, dans des modes de réalisation, l’hydroptère comporte un premier ensemble de foil et un deuxième ensemble de foil interchangeables entre eux. À titre d’exemple, un hydroptère pourra être fourni avec deux ensembles de foil distincts dont un ensemble de foil permet une navigation plus « sportive » c’est-à-dire plus rapide en comparaison de l’autre ensemble de foil qui permet une navigation offrant une meilleure stabilité. Selon un autre exemple, un hydroptère est fourni avec deux ensembles de foil dotés de mâts de longueurs différentes, de sorte qu’en interchangeant les ensembles de foil, le tirant d’eau de l’hydroptère peut être modifié. [0040] Thus, in embodiments, the hydrofoil comprises a first set of foils and a second set of foils which are interchangeable with each other. For example, a hydrofoil could be supplied with two separate sets of foils including a set of foils allows for more “sporty” navigation, that is to say, faster navigation compared to the other set of foils which allows navigation offering better stability. In another example, a hydrofoil is provided with two foil assemblies having masts of different lengths, so that by interchanging the foil assemblies the draft of the hydrofoil can be changed.
[0041] Selon un deuxième aspect, l’invention concerne un appendice de navire qui comporte un mât destiné à être positionné dans un puits percé en travers de la coque d’un hydroptère et une pièce de jonction solidaire du mât, la pièce de jonction étant configurée pour former une liaison glissière avec un châssis solidaire de la structure interne de l’hydroptère, de sorte que l’appendice de navire peut être rendu mobile entre au moins une position relevée et une position abaissée et de sorte que les efforts mécaniques significatifs subis par l’appendice de navire lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère sont transmis à la structure interne de l’hydroptère, par l’intermédiaire du châssis. [0041] According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a ship appendage which comprises a mast intended to be positioned in a well drilled across the hull of a hydrofoil and a junction part secured to the mast, the junction part being configured to form a slide connection with a chassis secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, so that the ship's appendage can be made mobile between at least one raised position and a lowered position and so that significant mechanical forces undergone by the ship's appendage during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, via the chassis.
[0042] On entend par « appendice de navire » tout appendice qui émerge de la coque du navire pour être plongé dans l’eau. Par exemple l’appendice de navire est choisi parmi un ensemble de foil, un gouvernail, un support d’hélice ou encore un plan antidérive. L’appendice de navire est supporté par un élément structurel généralement droit qui s’étend sous la coque appelé mât. The term “ship appendage” means any appendage which emerges from the hull of the ship to be immersed in the water. For example, the ship's appendage is chosen from a set of foils, a rudder, a propeller support or even an anti-drift plan. The ship's appendage is supported by a generally straight structural member that extends beneath the hull called a mast.
[0043] Tout particulièrement, l’invention selon son deuxième aspect concerne un ensemble de foil destiné à être positionné dans un puits percé en travers de la coque d’un hydroptère et comportant un mât solidaire d’un foil et d’une pièce de jonction, la pièce de jonction étant configurée pour former une liaison glissière avec un châssis solidaire de la structure interne de l’hydroptère, de sorte que l’ensemble de foil peut être rendu mobile entre au moins une position relevée et une position abaissée, et de sorte que les efforts mécaniques significatifs subis par l’ensemble de foil lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère sont transmis à la structure interne de l’hydroptère, par l’intermédiaire du châssis. [0044] Les caractéristiques et avantages de l’appendice de navire et de l’ensemble de foil objet de l’invention étant similaires à ceux de l’hydroptère objet de l’invention, ils ne sont pas répétés à nouveau ici. [0043] Very particularly, the invention according to its second aspect relates to a foil assembly intended to be positioned in a well drilled across the hull of a hydrofoil and comprising a mast secured to a foil and a piece of junction, the junction part being configured to form a slide connection with a frame secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, so that the foil assembly can be made mobile between at least one raised position and one lowered position, and so that the significant mechanical forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, via the chassis. [0044] The characteristics and advantages of the ship's appendage and the foil assembly object of the invention being similar to those of the hydrofoil object of the invention, they are not repeated again here.
BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0045] D’autres avantages, buts et caractéristiques particulières de l’invention ressortiront de la description non limitative qui suit d’au moins un mode de réalisation particulier de l’hydroptère objet de la présente invention, en regard des dessins annexés, dans lesquels : [0045] Other advantages, aims and particular characteristics of the invention will emerge from the following non-limiting description of at least one particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the present invention, with reference to the appended drawings, in which :
[Fig 1 ] représente, schématiquement, une vue de côté d’un premier mode de réalisation particulier d’un hydroptère objet de l’invention, [Fig 1] represents, schematically, a side view of a first particular embodiment of a hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention,
[Fig 2] représente, schématiquement, une vue de face du premier mode de réalisation d’un hydroptère objet de l’invention, [Fig 2] represents, schematically, a front view of the first embodiment of a hydrofoil object of the invention,
[Fig 3] représente, schématiquement et en vue en perspective, le détail d’un châssis et d’une pièce de jonction selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l’hydroptère objet de l’invention, [Fig 3] represents, schematically and in perspective view, the detail of a chassis and a connecting part according to a particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention,
[Fig 4] représente, schématiquement et en vue en coupe longitudinale, le détail du châssis et de la pièce de jonction de la figure 3 et [Fig 4] represents, schematically and in longitudinal section view, the detail of the chassis and the connecting part of Figure 3 and
[Fig 5] représente différentes coupes transversales, de la tête de mât, du mât et du puits, selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l’hydroptère objet de l’invention, lesdites coupes étant superposées entre elles pour apprécier leurs dimensions relatives. [Fig 5] represents different cross sections, of the masthead, the mast and the well, according to a particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention, said sections being superimposed on each other to assess their relative dimensions.
[0046] Les numéros de référence mentionnés sur les figures se référent : [0046] The reference numbers mentioned in the figures refer to:
À un hydroptère 100, To a 100 hydrofoil,
À des ensembles de foil 110, 120 et 130, To foil sets 110, 120 and 130,
À des foils 111 et 121 , With foils 111 and 121,
Au puits 115 et à sa paroi 116, At well 115 and its wall 116,
À des mâts 112, 122 et 132, At masts 112, 122 and 132,
Au contour 113 du mât 112 At contour 113 of mast 112
À des hélices 123 et 133, At propellers 123 and 133,
À des puits de foil 115, 135, A une tête de mât 118 et à son contour 119, At foil wells 115, 135, Has a masthead 118 and its outline 119,
Au châssis 140, On chassis 140,
À des rails 141 et 142, On rails 141 and 142,
À un actionneur linéaire 144, To a linear actuator 144,
À des moyens de blocage 145 et 146, To blocking means 145 and 146,
À une pièce de jonction 160, qui comporte une partie 161 assurant la fixation avec le mât d’un ensemble de foil et une partie 162 assurant une liaison glissière avec le châssis 140 To a junction part 160, which comprises a part 161 ensuring the attachment with the mast of a foil assembly and a part 162 ensuring a slide connection with the chassis 140
À des chariots 164, 165 et 166 et To trolleys 164, 165 and 166 and
À une coque 190. With a 190 hull.
DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE DE L’INVENTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0047] La présente description est donnée à titre non limitatif, chaque caractéristique d’un mode de réalisation pouvant être combinée à toute autre caractéristique de tout autre mode de réalisation de manière avantageuse. On note, dès à présent, que les figures sont, chacune, à l’échelle mais, qu’entre elles, les échelles peuvent varier. [0047] The present description is given on a non-limiting basis, each characteristic of an embodiment being able to be combined with any other characteristic of any other embodiment in an advantageous manner. We note, from now on, that the figures are each to scale but that between them, the scales can vary.
[0048] On observe sur les figures 1 et 2, respectivement, une vue de côté et une vue de face d’un hydroptère 100. L’hydroptère 100 est doté d’une coque 190 et comporte un premier ensemble de foil 110, un deuxième ensemble de foil 120 et un troisième ensemble de foil 130. [0048] We observe in Figures 1 and 2, respectively, a side view and a front view of a hydrofoil 100. The hydrofoil 100 is equipped with a hull 190 and comprises a first set of foil 110, a second set of foil 120 and a third set of foil 130.
[0049] Les ensembles de foil, 110, 120 et 130, sont ici représentés en positions abaissée. Le premier ensemble de foil 110 est positionné à la proue, il comporte un foil 111 solidaire d’un mât 112. Un premier puits 115 est aménagé dans la coque 190, il permet d’abriter une partie plus ou moins importante du mât 112 selon que le premier ensemble de foil 110 est relevé ou abaissé. [0049] The foil assemblies, 110, 120 and 130, are shown here in lowered positions. The first set of foil 110 is positioned at the bow, it comprises a foil 111 secured to a mast 112. A first well 115 is arranged in the hull 190, it makes it possible to shelter a more or less significant part of the mast 112 depending on that the first set of foil 110 is raised or lowered.
[0050] Le deuxième et le troisième ensemble de foils, 120 et 130, sont positionnés à la poupe. Ils sont chacun dotés d’un mât, respectivement 122 et 132, et d’une hélice de propulsion, respectivement 123 et 133, mais sont tous deux solidaire d’un même foil 121. Un deuxième puits (non visible) et un troisième puits 135, abritent respectivement les mâts 122 et 132. [0051] Les ensembles de foil, 110, 120 et 130 sont déplacés par translation verticale entre une position relevée et une position abaissée. Autant de positions additionnelles que nécessaires peuvent être prévues sur la course de déplacement des ensembles de foil, sans dévier de l’invention. [0050] The second and third set of foils, 120 and 130, are positioned at the stern. They each have a mast, respectively 122 and 132, and a propulsion propeller, respectively 123 and 133, but are both attached to the same foil 121. A second well (not visible) and a third well 135, house masts 122 and 132 respectively. [0051] The foil assemblies 110, 120 and 130 are moved by vertical translation between a raised position and a lowered position. As many additional positions as necessary can be provided on the travel stroke of the foil assemblies, without deviating from the invention.
[0052] Selon le mode de réalisation de l’hydroptère illustré en figures 1 et 2, le deuxième et le troisième ensemble de foils, 120 et 130 se déplacent de concert pour maintenir le foil 121 à la verticale. Dans d’autres modes de réalisation, chaque ensemble de foil pourra comporter un foil séparé et leurs mouvements pourront être décorrélés. [0052] According to the embodiment of the hydrofoil illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the second and the third set of foils, 120 and 130 move together to keep the foil 121 vertical. In other embodiments, each set of foils may include a separate foil and their movements may be decorrelated.
[0053] On décrit désormais, en regard des figures 3 et 4, un mode de réalisation d’un châssis 140 et d’une pièce de jonction 160 selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l’hydroptère objet de l’invention. Un châssis et une pièce de jonction du type de ceux présentés en figures 3 et 4 sont par exemple installés en surplomb de chacun des trois puits décrits ci-avant pour l’hydroptère 100. [0053] We now describe, with reference to Figures 3 and 4, an embodiment of a chassis 140 and a junction part 160 according to a particular embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention. A frame and a connecting piece of the type shown in Figures 3 and 4 are for example installed overhanging each of the three wells described above for the hydrofoil 100.
[0054] La pièce de jonction 160 présente une partie 161 assurant la fixation avec le mât d’un ensemble de foil et une partie 162 assurant une liaison glissière avec le châssis 140. On appelle « tête de mât » la partie du mât supérieure fixée par la partie 161 assurant la fixation avec le mât. The junction part 160 has a part 161 ensuring the fixing with the mast of a foil assembly and a part 162 ensuring a slide connection with the chassis 140. The part of the upper mast fixed is called “mast head”. by part 161 ensuring attachment with the mast.
[0055] Préférentiellement, la tête de mât 118 est configurée pour faciliter la fixation entre le mât et la pièce de jonction. Par exemple la tête de mât présente une section transversale polygonale simple, ou une section ronde, complémentaire de la forme de la partie 161 de la pièce de jonction 160. [0055] Preferably, the mast head 118 is configured to facilitate attachment between the mast and the junction part. For example, the mast head has a simple polygonal cross section, or a round section, complementary to the shape of part 161 of the junction piece 160.
[0056] Selon le mode de réalisation illustré en figures 3 et 4, la partie 161 comporte deux mâchoires enserrant en étau une tête de mât 118 de section rectangulaire. Tout élément permettant une liaison solidaire entre la pièce de jonction et le mât peut être envisagé sans dévier de l’invention. Avantageusement, la tête de mât pourra présenter des dimensions standardisées, c’est-à-dire des dimensions communes à plusieurs têtes de plusieurs ensembles de foil différents. [0057] Préférentiellement, la pièce de jonction 160 est une pièce amovible fixée au mât. Dans d’autres modes de réalisation, le mât et la pièce de jonction sont formés d’un seul tenant. [0056] According to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the part 161 comprises two jaws gripping a mast head 118 of rectangular section in a vice. Any element allowing an integral connection between the junction part and the mast can be considered without deviating from the invention. Advantageously, the masthead may have standardized dimensions, that is to say dimensions common to several heads of several different foil assemblies. [0057] Preferably, the junction part 160 is a removable part fixed to the mast. In other embodiments, the mast and the junction part are formed in one piece.
[0058] La partie 162 de la pièce de jonction 160 assurant une liaison glissière avec le châssis 140 est par exemple formée de prolongements qui s’étendent transversalement par rapport à l’axe du mât. Chaque prolongement comporte à son extrémité un chariot, 164, 165, et 166, configuré pour coopérer avec un rail, 141 ou 142. Les rails 141 et 142 sont deux rails verticaux parallèles entre eux. [0058] Part 162 of the junction part 160 providing a slide connection with the chassis 140 is for example formed of extensions which extend transversely in relation to the axis of the mast. Each extension has at its end a carriage, 164, 165, and 166, configured to cooperate with a rail, 141 or 142. The rails 141 and 142 are two vertical rails parallel to each other.
[0059] Selon cette configuration, l’axe du châssis 140, c’est-à-dire un axe vertical centré entre les deux rails 141 et 142, est décalé par rapport à l’axe du mât et la pièce de jonction 160 relie transversalement, ici horizontalement, le mât et le châssis 140. [0059] According to this configuration, the axis of the chassis 140, that is to say a vertical axis centered between the two rails 141 and 142, is offset relative to the axis of the mast and the junction part 160 connects transversely, here horizontally, the mast and the chassis 140.
[0060] Les rails 141 et 124 sont supportés par un châssis 140 qui à son tour est fixé à la structure interne de l’hydroptère. Les forces subies par l’ensemble de foil lors de la navigation sont intenses. Grâce à l’invention, ces forces sont répercutées sur le châssis puis dissipées sur la structure interne. L’homogénéisation des efforts sur la structure raide formée par châssis avant que les efforts soient répercutés sur la structure interne aide à la dissipation des efforts. Un soin tout particulier sera apporté aux points de fixation entre le châssis 140 et la structure interne de sorte que les contraintes mécaniques subies soient dissipées efficacement. Par exemple, la fixation entre le châssis et la structure interne de l’hydroptère est assurées par 18 attaches vis-écrou réparties sur le châssis. [0060] The rails 141 and 124 are supported by a frame 140 which in turn is fixed to the internal structure of the hydrofoil. The forces experienced by the foil assembly during navigation are intense. Thanks to the invention, these forces are reflected on the chassis then dissipated on the internal structure. The homogenization of the forces on the stiff structure formed by the frame before the forces are passed on to the internal structure helps to dissipate the forces. Particular care will be taken at the fixing points between the chassis 140 and the internal structure so that the mechanical stresses suffered are effectively dissipated. For example, the attachment between the chassis and the internal structure of the hydrofoil is ensured by 18 screw-nut fasteners distributed across the chassis.
[0061 ] Le passage de l’ensemble de foil d’une position relevée à une position abaissée est motorisé. Préférentiellement cette motorisation est assurée moyen d’un actionneur électromécanique linéaire 144. Par exemple, l’actionneur électromécanique linéaire comporte une vis à bille et un moteur. [0061] The passage of the foil assembly from a raised position to a lowered position is motorized. Preferably this motorization is provided by means of a linear electromechanical actuator 144. For example, the linear electromechanical actuator comprises a ball screw and a motor.
[0062] Le blocage de l’ensemble de foil en position relevée ou en position abaissée est assuré par un moyen de blocage. Tout moyen de blocage permettant un blocage de la liaison glissière entre l’ensemble de foil et le châssis pourra être employé sans dévier de l’invention. Notamment, le moyen de blocage pourra comporter au moins un vérin électrique ou pneumatique. [0063] Par exemple, le moyen de blocage comporte un premier vérin électrique comportant un premier piston 145 qui lorsqu’il est déployé s’enclenche dans une gâche et immobilise en place deux chariots, dont le chariot 166, de la pièce de jonction 160, de sorte que l’ensemble de foil est immobilisé en position relevée. Et, le châssis 140 comporte un deuxième vérin comportant un deuxième piston 146 qui lorsqu’il est déployé immobilise en place deux chariots, dont le chariot 166, de la pièce de jonction 160, de sorte que l’ensemble de foil est immobilisé en position abaissée. [0062] The blocking of the foil assembly in the raised position or in the lowered position is ensured by a blocking means. Any blocking means allowing blocking of the slide connection between the foil assembly and the chassis can be used without deviating from the invention. In particular, the blocking means may include at least one electric or pneumatic cylinder. [0063] For example, the blocking means comprises a first electric cylinder comprising a first piston 145 which, when deployed, engages in a striker and immobilizes in place two carriages, including the carriage 166, of the junction part 160 , so that the foil assembly is immobilized in the raised position. And, the chassis 140 comprises a second cylinder comprising a second piston 146 which when deployed immobilizes in place two carriages, including the carriage 166, of the junction part 160, so that the foil assembly is immobilized in position lowered.
[0064] Dans des modes de réalisation (non représentés), la motorisation du déplacement de l’ensemble de foil est assurée au moyen d’un piston. [0064] In embodiments (not shown), the motorization of the movement of the foil assembly is ensured by means of a piston.
[0065] On observe sur la figure 5 un schéma illustrant les dimensions relatives de la tête de mât, du mât et du puits, du premier mode de réalisation de l’hydroptère objet de l’invention. Sur cette figure sont représenté en traits gras le contour 119 de la tête de mât 118, le contour 113 du mât 112 et la paroi 116 du puits 115. [0065] We see in Figure 5 a diagram illustrating the relative dimensions of the masthead, the mast and the well, of the first embodiment of the hydrofoil which is the subject of the invention. In this figure are shown in bold lines the contour 119 of the masthead 118, the contour 113 of the mast 112 and the wall 116 of the well 115.
[0066] On observe que la tête de mât 118 présente un contour 119 sensiblement rectangulaire permettant une fixation aisée à la pièce de jonction. [0066] We observe that the mast head 118 has a substantially rectangular outline 119 allowing easy attachment to the junction part.
[0067] Préférentiellement, chacun des ensembles de foil et des puits abritant sont configurés pour éviter que le mât abrité par chaque puits rentre en contact avec les parois du puits lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère. [0067] Preferably, each of the foil assemblies and the sheltering wells are configured to prevent the mast sheltered by each well from coming into contact with the walls of the well during navigation of the hydrofoil.
[0068] Les dimensions du contour 113 du mât 112 et de la paroi 116 du puits 115 sont déterminées pour laisser un espace minimal non nul entre la surface du mât, illustrée par le contour 133, et la paroi 116 du puits. [0068] The dimensions of the contour 113 of the mast 112 and of the wall 116 of the well 115 are determined to leave a non-zero minimum space between the surface of the mast, illustrated by the contour 133, and the wall 116 of the well.
[0069] Par exemple, la distance minimale séparant la surface du mât de la paroi du puits est au moins de 1 centimètre, préférentiellement de 2 centimètres, préférentiellement au moins de 5 centimètres, très préférentiellement au moins de 10 centimètres. [0069] For example, the minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is at least 1 centimeter, preferably 2 centimeters, preferably at least 5 centimeters, very preferably at least 10 centimeters.
[0070] Il est bien compris que, si l’ensemble de foil est interchangeable, la distance minimale entre la paroi du puits et la surface du mât pourra varier. Cette distance ne pourra toutefois pas être inférieure à la distance minimale. [0071 ] Dans des modes de réalisation (non représentés), l’hydroptère 100 comporte, dans l’au moins un de ses puits destinés à abriter un mât un moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits. Par exemple, le moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits comporte une membrane souple percée d’une fente dans laquelle est glissé le mât de l’ensemble de foil. Selon un autre exemple compatible avec le premier, le moyen assurant l’étanchéité comporte un joint extensible reliant le puits à la pièce de jonction, de sorte que la pièce de jonction vient écraser un joint le joint appuis sur le haut du puits lorsque le système est en position basse, assurant un prolongement de la hauteur du puits d’une longueur au moins égale à celle de la pièce de jonction. [0070] It is well understood that, if the foil assembly is interchangeable, the minimum distance between the wall of the well and the surface of the mast may vary. This distance cannot, however, be less than the minimum distance. [0071] In embodiments (not shown), the hydrofoil 100 comprises, in at least one of its wells intended to house a mast, a means ensuring the sealing of the well. For example, the means ensuring the sealing of the well comprises a flexible membrane pierced with a slot into which the mast of the foil assembly is slipped. According to another example compatible with the first, the means ensuring sealing comprises an extensible joint connecting the well to the junction part, so that the junction part crushes a joint the joint supports on the top of the well when the system is in the low position, ensuring an extension of the height of the well by a length at least equal to that of the junction piece.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS Un hydroptère (100) doté d’une coque (190) et d’une structure interne, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte : CLAIMS A hydrofoil (100) equipped with a hull (190) and an internal structure, characterized in that it comprises:
- un ensemble de foil (110, 120, 130) comportant un mât (112, 122, 132) solidaire d’un foil (111 , 121 ), - a set of foils (110, 120, 130) comprising a mast (112, 122, 132) secured to a foil (111, 121),
- un puits (115, 135) percé en travers de la coque et abritant le mât, et - a well (115, 135) drilled across the hull and housing the mast, and
- une pièce de jonction (160) solidaire du mât, ladite pièce de jonction formant une liaison glissière avec un châssis (140) solidaire de la structure interne de l’ hydroptère, de sorte que l’ensemble de foil est mobile entre au moins une position relevée et une position abaissée et de sorte que les efforts mécaniques significatifs subis par l’ensemble de foil lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère sont transmis à la structure interne, par l’intermédiaire du châssis. Hydroptère (100) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel la pièce de jonction est une pièce amovible fixée au mât. Hydroptère (100) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le mât comporte une tête (118) configurée pour coopérer avec la pièce de jonction. Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, configuré pour que le mât ne rentre pas en contact avec les parois du puits lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère. Hydroptère (100) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la distance minimale séparant la surface du mât de la paroi du puits est au moins de 1 centimètres, préférentiellement au moins de 2 centimètres, très préférentiellement au moins de 5 centimètres. Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la liaison glissière entre le châssis et l’ensemble de foil est assurée par la coopération entre au moins un chariot (164, 165, 166) et au moins un rail (141 , 142). Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel l’axe du châssis est décalé par rapport à l’axe du mât et dans lequel la pièce de jonction relie transversalement le mât et le châssis. Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le déplacement de l’ensemble de foil le long du rail est motorisé au moyen d’un actionneur électromécanique linéaire (144). Hydroptère (100) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l’actionneur électromécanique linéaire comporte une vis à bille et un moteur. . Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, qui comporte un moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits. . Hydroptère (100) selon la revendication 10, dans lequel le moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits de foil comporte une membrane souple percée d’une fente dans laquelle est glissé le mât de l’ensemble de foil. . Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 10 à 11 , dans lequel le moyen assurant l’étanchéité du puits de foil comporte un joint en appuis sur le haut du puits écrasé par la pièce de jonction lorsque le système est en position basse assurant un prolongement de la hauteur du puits d’une longueur au moins égale à celle de la pièce de jonction. . Hydroptère (100) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, qui comporte un premier ensemble de foil et un deuxième ensemble de foil, interchangeables entres eux. . Un appendice de navire caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte un mât destiné à être positionné dans un puits percé en travers de la coque d’un hydroptère et une pièce de jonction solidaire du mât, la pièce de jonction étant configurée pour former une liaison glissière avec un châssis solidaire de la structure interne de l’hydroptère, de sorte que l’appendice de navire peut être rendu mobile entre au moins une position relevée et une position abaissée et de sorte que les efforts mécaniques significatifs subis par l’appendice de navire lors de la navigation de l’hydroptère sont transmis à la structure interne de l’hydroptère, par l’intermédiaire du châssis. - a junction piece (160) secured to the mast, said junction piece forming a slide connection with a chassis (140) secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, so that the foil assembly is movable between at least one raised position and a lowered position and so that the significant mechanical forces undergone by the foil assembly during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure, via the chassis. Hydrofoil (100) according to claim 1, in which the junction part is a removable part fixed to the mast. Hydrofoil (100) according to claim 2, in which the mast comprises a head (118) configured to cooperate with the junction part. Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, configured so that the mast does not come into contact with the walls of the well during navigation of the hydrofoil. Hydrofoil (100) according to the preceding claim, in which the minimum distance separating the surface of the mast from the wall of the well is at least 1 centimeter, preferably at least 2 centimeters, very preferably at least 5 centimeters. Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the slide connection between the chassis and the foil assembly is ensured by the cooperation between at least one carriage (164, 165, 166) and at least one rail (141, 142). Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the axis of the frame is offset relative to the axis of the mast and in which the junction part transversely connects the mast and the frame. Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the movement of the foil assembly along the rail is motorized by means of a linear electromechanical actuator (144). Hydrofoil (100) according to claim 8, wherein the linear electromechanical actuator comprises a ball screw and a motor. . Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which comprises means ensuring the sealing of the well. . Hydrofoil (100) according to claim 10, in which the means ensuring the sealing of the foil well comprises a flexible membrane pierced with a slot into which the mast of the foil assembly is slid. . Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 10 to 11, in which the means ensuring the sealing of the foil well comprises a seal supported on the top of the well crushed by the junction piece when the system is in the low position ensuring an extension of the height of the well by a length at least equal to that of the junction piece. . Hydrofoil (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which comprises a first set of foils and a second set of foils, interchangeable with each other. . A ship's appendage characterized in that it comprises a mast intended to be positioned in a well drilled across the hull of a hydrofoil and a junction part secured to the mast, the junction part being configured to form a sliding connection with a frame secured to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, so that the ship's appendage can be made mobile between at least one raised position and a lowered position and so that the significant mechanical forces undergone by the ship's appendage during navigation of the hydrofoil are transmitted to the internal structure of the hydrofoil, via the chassis.
PCT/IB2023/053842 2022-04-21 2023-04-14 Hydrofoil comprising a retractable foil assembly WO2023203453A1 (en)

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FR2203691A FR3134792A1 (en) 2022-04-21 2022-04-21 HYDROPTER COMPRISING A RETRACTABLE FOIL ASSEMBLY
FRFR2203691 2022-04-21

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0324988U (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-03-14
CN105905232A (en) 2016-06-06 2016-08-31 杭州华鹰游艇有限公司 Twin-hull hovercraft capable of being launched and retrieved
CN205737963U (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-11-30 杭州华鹰游艇有限公司 A kind of lifting hydrofoil
FR3093073A1 (en) 2019-02-25 2020-08-28 Thomas Jullien Multihull type boat and wing assemblies comprising such a wing wing assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0324988U (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-03-14
CN205737963U (en) * 2016-05-20 2016-11-30 杭州华鹰游艇有限公司 A kind of lifting hydrofoil
CN105905232A (en) 2016-06-06 2016-08-31 杭州华鹰游艇有限公司 Twin-hull hovercraft capable of being launched and retrieved
FR3093073A1 (en) 2019-02-25 2020-08-28 Thomas Jullien Multihull type boat and wing assemblies comprising such a wing wing assembly

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