WO2023201877A1 - 柔性传感器及智能垫 - Google Patents

柔性传感器及智能垫 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023201877A1
WO2023201877A1 PCT/CN2022/101135 CN2022101135W WO2023201877A1 WO 2023201877 A1 WO2023201877 A1 WO 2023201877A1 CN 2022101135 W CN2022101135 W CN 2022101135W WO 2023201877 A1 WO2023201877 A1 WO 2023201877A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode plate
flexible sensor
conductive
elastic medium
conductive strip
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PCT/CN2022/101135
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王炳坤
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慕思健康睡眠股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023201877A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023201877A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C17/00—Sofas; Couches; Beds
    • A47C17/86—Parts or details for beds, sofas or couches only not fully covered in a single one of the sub-groups A47C17/02, A47C17/04, A47C17/38, A47C17/52, A47C17/64, or A47C17/84; Drawers in or under beds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C23/00—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/003—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of flexible sensors, for example, to a flexible sensor and a smart pad.
  • the sensors used include thin film piezoresistive pressure sensors, vibration sensors, optical fiber pressure sensors, pressure switch sensors, air pressure sensors, etc.
  • these sensors have certain limitations, such as high cost, complex algorithms, poor comfort, and susceptibility to the environment. Defects such as interference, poor reliability, and strong sense of foreign objects have not been widely used.
  • This application provides a flexible sensor and smart pad to solve the limitations of pressure sensors in smart furniture.
  • This application provides a flexible sensor, which is configured to be electrically connected to an external processing circuit and includes: a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and an elastic medium;
  • the first electrode plate includes a plurality of first conductive strips arranged at intervals; adjacent first conductive strips are electrically connected to each other;
  • the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are arranged on opposite sides of the elastic medium; the second electrode plate and the first conductive strip form a variable capacitor with the elastic medium as an insulating layer. ;
  • the elastic medium when the elastic medium is under pressure, the elastic medium is configured to undergo elastic deformation to change the distance between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.
  • This application provides a smart pad, including at least one of the above-mentioned flexible sensors.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram from below of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram from below of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top structural view of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic top view of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic top view of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic top view of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic top view of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a smart pad provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Pressure sensors have their own limitations, such as: the vibration sensor installation location is limited, the structural design and processing technology are complex, the cost is high, and the detection speed is slow.
  • the sensor can only sense heart rate and breathing to determine whether someone is using a device equipped with a vibration sensor. Smart furniture often requires several cycles of heart rate or breathing data, and then the heart rate or breathing is measured through an algorithm to determine whether someone is using these smart furniture.
  • the vibration sensor has a slow response speed, a complex algorithm, and is susceptible to interference from the external environment.
  • the smart furniture is The furniture is a double bed, and the two people interfere with each other, resulting in worse accuracy of the vibration sensor; if pressure switch sensor detection is selected, it is a point detection, and multiple pressure sensors need to be installed in the smart furniture, which involves a large number of sensors and complicated wiring. , the cost is high, the sensor is easy to be crushed, and the production is difficult; if a thin-film piezoresistive pressure sensor is used, the cost is relatively high, and the film is easy to break if the force is too large; if an optical fiber sensor is used to be woven into smart furniture, special optical fibers must be used to detect the cost.
  • the detection and application range is limited, and the later maintenance cost is also high; if an air pressure sensor is selected, multiple air bags must be used, the detection cost is high, the circuit is complex, and the air pressure sensor detection Vulnerable to ambient air pressure and ambient temperature.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the flexible sensor 10 includes a first electrode plate 100 , a second electrode plate 200 and an elastic medium 300 ;
  • the first electrode plate 100 includes a plurality of first conductive strips 110 arranged at intervals, and adjacent first conductive strips 110 are electrically connected to each other;
  • the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 are arranged on opposite sides of the elastic medium 300;
  • the second electrode plate 200 and the first conductive strip 110 form a variable capacitor with the elastic medium 300 as the insulating layer.
  • the elastic medium 300 When the elastic medium 300 is subjected to pressure, it will undergo elastic deformation to change the distance between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 .
  • the first electrode plate 100, the second electrode plate 200 and the elastic medium 300 form a variable capacitance that changes with pressure.
  • the calculation formula of the variable capacitance is:
  • C is the capacitance of the variable capacitor, the unit is F (Farad); ⁇ 0 is the vacuum dielectric constant; ⁇ is the relative dielectric constant of the elastic medium 300 ; S is the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 The relative effective area; d is the distance between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200.
  • the elastic medium 300 undergoes a certain deformation due to the pressure, which causes a certain change in the distance between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200, thereby causing the variable capacitance to change.
  • the flexible sensor 10 is electrically connected to an external processing circuit (the external processing circuit is not shown in the figure).
  • the flexible sensor 10 converts changes in pressure into changes in capacitance and outputs signals to the external processing circuit.
  • the output voltage can be detected through the external processing circuit.
  • the change in capacity determines whether it is under pressure and the amount of pressure.
  • the first electrode plate 100 is the first output terminal of the flexible sensor 10
  • the second electrode plate 200 is the second output terminal of the flexible sensor 10 .
  • the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 on both sides of the elastic medium 300 can be connected by tape connection and/or sewing connection.
  • An electrode plate 100 and a second electrode plate 200 are fixed on opposite sides of the elastic medium 300, and can be conveniently designed into various shapes and hidden in smart furniture.
  • the flexible sensor 10 can detect whether the smart furniture is affected by the user's pressure, and then determine whether a user is using the smart furniture.
  • the plurality of first conductive strips 110 of the first electrode plate 100 are spaced apart from each other, which can avoid misdetection.
  • the first conductive tape 110 can appropriately reduce the sensitivity of the flexible sensor 10 to perform screening detection, detecting only the user's pressure and filtering out the pet's pressure.
  • the cost can be reduced, and the bendability of the first electrode plate 100 can also be improved.
  • a larger angle of bending can be performed at intervals; when the flexible sensor 10 is subjected to a larger When the pressure is applied, the deformation of the elastic medium 300 is relatively large.
  • the plurality of first conductive strips 110 arranged at intervals can reduce some pulling force and improve the tensile resistance of the flexible sensor 10.
  • the flexible sensor 10 can be applied to mattresses, sofas, In smart furniture such as car seat cushions that are pulled, detect whether a user is using the smart furniture.
  • the first electrode plate, the second electrode plate and the elastic medium form a variable capacitor, which can realize pressure detection.
  • the structure is simple, the detection cost is low, the operation is reliable, and the dynamics is good; if applied to mattresses, sofas, Sensors in smart furniture such as car seat cushions are too sensitive and are too sensitive to vibration or pressure, which can easily lead to false detections.
  • This application uses multiple first conductive strips set at intervals to appropriately reduce the sensitivity of flexible sensors and avoid false detections. It also improves the bendability and tensile resistance of the flexible sensor, and the production cost is low. It is comfortable and has no foreign body sensation when used in smart furniture such as mattresses, sofas, and car seat cushions, which is conducive to widespread promotion and application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram from below of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second electrode plate 200 includes a monolithic conductive cloth.
  • Conductive cloth is made of fiber cloth (generally commonly used polyester fiber cloth) as the base material. After pre-processing, electroplating metal plating is applied to make it have metallic properties and become conductive fiber cloth. Conductive cloth is widely used in the production of electronics, electromagnetics and other high-tech products. Radiation work clothes, the embodiment of this application uses radiation-proof conductive cloth as the electrode plate of the flexible sensor, which is foldable, washable, and low-cost.
  • the first electrode plate 100 can use the first conductive tape 110 with adhesive backing, such as conductive cloth tape, and the second electrode plate 200 can use adhesive backing.
  • the radiation-proof conductive cloth, the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 are respectively pasted on the opposite sides of the elastic medium 300, which is simple to make and has low production cost.
  • the conductive cloth tape of the first conductive tape 110 can be made of the same material as the conductive cloth of the second electrode plate 200, and can be made by cutting the entire conductive cloth.
  • the entire piece of conductive cloth can protect the output signal of the first electrode plate 100 from being easily interfered, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the flexible sensor 10 .
  • the second electrode plate 200 includes a whole piece of conductive cloth, which can make the second electrode plate 200 always face the first conductive strip 110 of the first electrode plate 100 to prevent the elastic medium 300 from deforming.
  • the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 are misaligned, resulting in missed detection, which improves the accuracy of the detection results; in addition, the second electrode plate 200 can isolate interference signals to prevent the output signal of the first electrode plate 100 from being interfered and affecting the test. As a result, the accuracy of test results is improved.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram from below of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second electrode plate 200 includes a plurality of second conductive strips 210 arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first conductive strips 110 .
  • the width W2 of the second conductive strip 210 is greater than the width W1 of the first conductive strip 110.
  • the elastic medium 300 deforms, and the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 are easily misaligned in the area subject to pressure, and the width W2 of the second conductive strip 210 is greater than the width W2 of the second conductive strip 210 .
  • the width W1 of a conductive strip 110 can enable the plurality of first conductive strips 110 and the plurality of second conductive strips 210 to still correspond one to one after misalignment, and will not cause missed detection due to misalignment; at the same time, the second electrode plate 200 Including a plurality of second conductive strips 210 arranged at intervals and corresponding to a plurality of first conductive strips 110 can reduce the sensitivity of the flexible sensor 10 and reduce the false detection rate; in addition, the cost can also be reduced by reducing the use of materials.
  • the difference between the width W2 of the second conductive strip 210 and the width W1 of the first conductive strip 110 is positively related to the thickness d of the elastic medium 300 .
  • the greater the thickness d of the elastic medium 300 the greater the degree of misalignment between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 in the area subject to pressure.
  • the difference between the width W2 of the conductive strip 210 and the width W1 of the first conductive strip 110 increases with the thickness d of the elastic medium 300, which can cause a large misalignment of the plurality of first conductive strips 110 and the plurality of second conductive strips. 210 can still correspond one to one to avoid missed detection and improve the accuracy of test results.
  • the first electrode plate 100 is located on the side of the elastic medium 300 close to the user
  • the second electrode plate 200 is located on the side of the elastic medium 300 away from the user.
  • the second electrode plate 200 includes a whole piece of conductive cloth or a second conductive belt 210 with a width larger than that of the first conductive belt 110.
  • the area of the plate 200 is larger than that of the first electrode plate 100.
  • the second electrode plate 200 receives a larger pulling force. If the first electrode plate 100 is located on the side of the elastic medium 300 close to the user, when the flexible sensor 10 is subjected to pressure, the pulling force on the first electrode plate 100 is smaller, which can extend the service life of the flexible sensor 10 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the flexible sensor 10 also includes a first electrode buckle 121 and a second electrode buckle 122.
  • the first electrode plate 100 is electrically connected to an external processing circuit through the first electrode buckle 121 (the external processing circuit is not shown in the figure)
  • the second electrode plate 200 is electrically connected to the external processing circuit through the second electrode buckle 122 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the first electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122, which can be a male buckle or a female buckle.
  • the first electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122 are used. All are public deductions for illustration.
  • the flexible sensor 10 is electrically connected to the external processing circuit of the flexible sensor 10 through the first electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122.
  • the first electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122 are both male buckles
  • the first electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122 are male buckles.
  • the electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122 can be electrically connected to the external processing circuit through the female buckle.
  • the first electrode buckle 121 and the second electrode buckle 122 facilitate the replacement of the flexible sensor 10 and the replacement of the external processing circuit, so that the flexible sensor 10 can Applicable to more usage scenarios.
  • the first electrode buckle 121 can be at any position of the flexible sensor 10
  • the second electrode buckle 122 can be at any position of the flexible sensor 10.
  • the flexible sensor 10 can include a plurality of first electrode buckles 121 and a plurality of second electrode buckles 122.
  • the first electrode buckle and the second electrode buckle are the two output terminals of the variable capacitor, which facilitate the connection between the flexible sensor 10 and the external processing circuit.
  • the first electrode buckle 121 can be fixed on the first electrode plate 100 and close to the edge of the flexible sensor 10
  • the second electrode buckle 122 can be fixed on the second electrode plate 100 .
  • the electrode plate 200 is located close to the edge of the flexible sensor 10 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top structural view of a flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first conductive strip 110 includes a first sub-conductive strip 111 and a second sub-conductive strip 112.
  • the first sub-conductive strip 111 extends along the first direction X and is arranged along the second direction Y, adjacent to the first sub-conductive strip 111.
  • the sub-conductive strips 111 are connected by a second sub-conductive strip 112 .
  • the second sub-conductive strips 112 extend along the second direction Y, and the adjacent first sub-conductive strips 111 are connected end-to-end through the second sub-conductive strips 112 , so that the plurality of first conductive strips 110 are in the shape of a snake.
  • the first electrode buckle 121 can be fixed on the first conductive belt 110 close to or located in the middle of the plurality of first conductive belts 110, so that the current distribution in the first electrode plate 100 is uniform, and the first electrode buckle 121 is located
  • the edge position of the flexible sensor 10 improves the user's comfort.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic top view of another flexible sensor provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second sub-conductive strip 112 extends along the second direction Y, and the first sub-conductive strip 111 and the second sub-conductive strip 112 are sequentially They are connected alternately, so that the first conductive strips 110 are in a loop shape and cover one side of the elastic medium 300 from the outside to the inside.
  • the connection method of the first sub-conductive strip 111 and the second sub-conductive strip 112 can also be arranged as shown in Figures 7 and 8.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the second sub-conductive strip 112, and the first conductive strip
  • the connection arrangement between 111 and the second sub-conductive strip 112 is not limited.
  • the flexible sensor 10 includes a plurality of first electrode plates 100. Taking the flexible sensor 10 in Figure 7 as an example including two first electrode plates 100, the flexible sensor 10 also includes two first electrode buckles 121, which are respectively fixed. on the two first electrode plates 100 .
  • the flexible sensor 10 also includes two second electrode plates (not shown in the figure).
  • the flexible sensor 10 can form two variable capacitors. According to the capacitance information of the two capacitors, the flexible sensor 10 can be pressed when the flexible sensor 10 is subjected to pressure. When acting, the pressure position information is determined to realize the positioning function.
  • the width of the first conductive strip is 1 cm ⁇ 0.5 cm, and the spacing distance between adjacent first conductive strips is 5 cm ⁇ 2.5 cm.
  • the width of the first sub-conductive strip 111 and the second sub-conductive strip 112 is 1 cm ⁇ 0.5 cm, wherein the interval between adjacent first sub-conductive strips 121 is 5 cm ⁇ 2.5 cm.
  • the sensitivity of the flexible sensor can be adjusted, for example, by reducing the width of the first conductive strip 110 and/or increasing the width of the adjacent first conductive strip 110 .
  • the spacing distance between the conductive strips 110 can reduce the facing area of the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200, appropriately reduce the sensitivity of the flexible sensor 10, and prevent misdetection; it can also be achieved by increasing the width of the first conductive strip 110 and /Or reducing the spacing distance between adjacent first conductive strips 110 can increase the facing area of the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 and appropriately improve the sensitivity of the flexible sensor 10 .
  • the elastic medium 300 includes a sponge insulator.
  • the sponge insulator has very good elasticity and support, and is very suitable for use in smart furniture. It can increase the comfort of the smart furniture. It can also disperse the pressure when the flexible sensor 10 is subjected to pressure, thereby increasing the service life of the flexible sensor 10.
  • the sponge insulator has good resilience. When the pressure on the flexible sensor 10 disappears, the distance between the first electrode plate 100 and the second electrode plate 200 can be restored to the original state of the flexible sensor 10 with the help of the resilience of the sponge insulator. In the distance state when force is applied, the capacitance of the variable capacitor will also return to the state when the sensor 10 is not under force. Moreover, the cost of sponge insulator is low, which reduces the cost of the sensor.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of another flexible sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the elastic medium 300 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 310 .
  • the ventilation holes 310 and the first conductive strip 110 do not overlap each other.
  • the ventilation holes 310 facilitate ventilation and improve the user's comfort.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a smart pad provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the smart pad 20 includes the flexible sensor 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Smart cushions can be, for example, mattresses, seat cushions, etc., and can be used in scenarios such as smart beds and car seats. For example, when applied to smart beds, it can monitor the user's time in and out of bed; when applied to car seat cushions, it can automatically identify the number of people seated.
  • the smart pad 20 may include a plurality of flexible sensors 10 , each flexible sensor 10 being electrically connected to an external processing circuit.
  • the external processing circuit is configured to determine the pressure position information of the smart pad based on the capacitance information of each flexible sensor 10 .
  • the smart mattress 20 can be applied to a smart sofa.
  • the smart sofa has a large difference in length and width.
  • Multiple flexible sensors 10 can be installed in a smart mattress 20, and the capacitance information of each flexible sensor 10 can be used to determine The smart sofa will automatically heat up certain areas of the sofa when the room temperature is low.
  • the smart pad provided by the embodiments of the present application may include the flexible sensor provided by any embodiment of the present application, with corresponding structures and effects.

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Abstract

一种柔性传感器（10）及智能垫（20）。柔性传感器（10）与外部处理电路电连接，柔性传感器（10）包括：第一电极板（100）、第二电极板（200）以及弹性介质（300）；第一电极板（100）包括间隔设置的多个第一导电带（110）；相邻第一导电带（110）之间相互电连接；第一电极板（100）和第二电极板（200）设置于弹性介质（300）的相对两侧；第二电极板（200）与第一导电带（110）形成以弹性介质（300）为绝缘层的可变电容；其中，弹性介质（300）受到压力时会发生弹性形变，以改变第一电极板（100）与第二电极板（200）之间的距离。

Description

柔性传感器及智能垫
本申请要求在2022年04月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210418377.3的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及柔性传感器技术领域，例如涉及一种柔性传感器及智能垫。
背景技术
随着技术的发展，市面上出现了很多应用了科技的智能家具，例如智能按摩椅、智能床垫、智能沙发、汽车座垫等，这些智能家具还具有检测是否有用户正在使用的功能，该检测功能一般是利用传感器来完成的。
使用的传感器有薄膜式压阻压力传感器、振动传感器、光纤压力传感器、压力开关传感器、气压传感器等，但是这些传感器有一定的局限性，例如成本高、算法复杂、舒适度不好、易受环境干扰、可靠性差、异物感强等缺陷，一直没有得到广泛应用。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种柔性传感器及智能垫，以解决智能家具中压力传感器的局限性。
本申请提供了一种柔性传感器，设置为与外部处理电路电连接，包括：第一电极板、第二电极板以及弹性介质；
所述第一电极板包括间隔设置的多个第一导电带；相邻第一导电带之间相互电连接；
所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板设置于所述弹性介质的相对两侧；所述第二电极板与所述第一导电带形成以所述弹性介质为绝缘层的可变电容；
其中，在所述弹性介质受到压力的情况下，所述弹性介质设置为发生弹性形变，以改变所述第一电极板与所述第二电极板之间的距离。
本申请提供了一种智能垫，包括至少一个上述的柔性传感器。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的仰视结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的仰视结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的截面结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种智能垫的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
压力传感器有各自的局限性，例如：振动传感器安装位置受限、结构设计和加工工艺复杂、成本高、检测速度慢，只能通过传感器感知心率和呼吸来判断是否有人正在使用设置有振动传感器的智能家具，往往需要几个周期的心率或呼吸数据，然后通过算法测出心率或呼吸才能判断是否有人正在使用这些智能家具，振动传感器反应速度慢、算法复杂，而且易受外界环境干扰，如果智能家具是双人床，双人相互干扰，导致振动传感器的准确性更差；如果选用压力开关传感器检测，它属于点检测，需要在智能家具中安装多个压力传感器，这样涉及的传感器数量多，接线复杂、成本高、传感器易压坏、制作难度大；如果选用薄膜式压阻压力传感器，成本比较高、受力过大薄膜易断裂；如果选用光纤传感器织入智能家具，须用特殊光纤，检测成本高，且受力后光纤弯折角度不能太大，检测及应用范围受限，后期维护成本也较高；如果选用气压传感器，必须使用多个气囊，检测成本高、电路复杂，而 且气压传感器检测易受环境气压和环境温度影响。
本申请实施例提出一种柔性传感器，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的结构示意图。如图1所示，柔性传感器10包括第一电极板100、第二电极板200以及弹性介质300；第一电极板100包括间隔设置的多个第一导电带110，相邻第一导电带110之间相互电连接；第一电极板100和第二电极板200设置于弹性介质300的相对两侧；第二电极板200与第一导电带110形成以弹性介质300为绝缘层的可变电容。其中，弹性介质300受到压力时会发生弹性形变，以改变第一电极板100与第二电极板200之间的距离。
第一电极板100、第二电极板200和弹性介质300组成一个随压力变化的可变电容，可变电容的计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2022101135-appb-000001
其中，C为可变电容的电容量，单位为F(法拉)；ε 0为真空介电常数；ε为弹性介质300的相对介电常数；S为第一电极板100与第二电极板200的相对有效面积；d为第一电极板100与第二电极板200之间的距离。
当柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，弹性介质300随之受到压力作用发生一定的形变，会带动第一电极板100与第二电极板200之间的距离发生一定的变化，从而使得可变电容的电容量发生变化，柔性传感器10形成可变电容。柔性传感器10与外部处理电路(图中未示出外部处理电路)电连接，柔性传感器10将压力的变化量转换为电容量的变化，输出信号至外部处理电路，通过外部处理电路可以检测输出电容量的变化，进而确定是否受到压力以及压力的大小。其中，第一电极板100为柔性传感器10的第一输出端，第二电极板200为柔性传感器10的第二输出端。
示例性的，为防止在柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，弹性介质300两侧的第一电极板100和第二电极板200发生位移，可通过胶带式连接和/或缝纫式连接的方式将第一电极板100和第二电极板200固定于弹性介质300的相对两侧，且方便设计成多种形状隐藏在智能家具中。当使用者在使用设置有柔性传感器10的智能家具时，通过柔性传感器10可以检测该智能家具是否受到使用者的压力作用，进而判断是否有使用者在使用该智能家具。
第一电极板100的多个第一导电带110之间相互间隔，可以避免误检，例如家里有宠物时，宠物有踩踏智能家具的可能，而宠物的四肢一般较纤细，通过间隔设置的多个第一导电带110可以适当降低柔性传感器10的灵敏度，进行筛查性检测，只检测使用者的压力，过滤掉宠物的压力。此外，通过间 隔设置的多个第一导电带110，可以降低成本，还可以提高第一电极板100的可弯折性，在间隔处可进行更大角度的弯曲；在柔性传感器10受到较大的压力作用时，弹性介质300的形变较大，间隔设置的多个第一导电带110可以降低一些拉扯力，提高柔性传感器10的抗拉性，例如柔性传感器10可应用于床垫、沙发、汽车座垫等存在拉扯的智能家具中，检测是否有使用者正在使用该智能家具。
本申请实施例，通过第一电极板、第二电极板和弹性介质组成可变电容，可实现压力检测，结构简单，检测成本低，工作可靠，动态性好；若应用于床垫、沙发、汽车座垫等智能家具中的传感器灵敏度过高，对振动或压力过于敏感，容易导致误检，本申请通过间隔设置的多个第一导电带，可以适当降低柔性传感器的灵敏度，避免误检，还提高了柔性传感器的可弯折性和抗拉性，且制作成本低廉，应用于床垫、沙发、汽车座垫等智能家具中时舒适无异物感，有利于广泛的推广和应用。
可选的，图2为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的仰视结构示意图。如图2所示，第二电极板200包括整片式的导电布。
导电布是以纤维布(一般常用聚酯纤维布)为基材，经过前置处理后施以电镀金属镀层使其具有金属特性而成为导电纤维布，导电布广泛用于制作电子、电磁等高辐射工作服，本申请实施例将防辐射导电布作为柔性传感器的电极板，可折叠可水洗，且成本低廉。
示例性的，参考图1和图2，以胶带式连接为例，第一电极板100可选用带背胶的第一导电带110，例如导电布胶带，第二电极板200可选用带背胶的防辐射导电布，第一电极板100和第二电极板200分别粘贴在弹性介质300的相对两侧，制作简单，生产成本低。其中，第一导电带110的导电布胶带可与第二电极板200的导电布为相同材质，通过将整块导电布裁剪而成。此外，当外界存在干扰信号时，整片式的导电布可以保护第一电极板100输出信号不易被干扰，提高了柔性传感器10的可靠性和准确度。
在本申请实施例中，第二电极板200包括整片式的导电布，可以使得第二电极板200始终能正对第一电极板100的第一导电带110，防止因弹性介质300变形时第一电极板100和第二电极板200错位，而出现漏检，提高检测结果的准确性；此外，第二电极板200可以隔离干扰信号，避免第一电极板100输出信号被干扰而影响测试结果，提高了测试结果的准确性。
可选的，图3为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的仰视结构示意图。参考图1和图3，第二电极板200包括与多个第一导电带110一一对应设置的多个第二导电带210。其中，第二导电带210的宽度W2大于第一导 电带110的宽度W1。
示例性的，当柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，弹性介质300发生形变，第一电极板100和第二电极板200容易在受压力作用的区域发生错位，第二导电带210的宽度W2大于第一导电带110的宽度W1，可使得错位后的多个第一导电带110和多个第二导电带210仍能够一一对应，不会因错位而造成漏检；同时，第二电极板200包括间隔设置、与多个第一导电带110一一对应设置的多个第二导电带210，可以降低柔性传感器10的灵敏度，降低误检率；此外，还可通过减少使用材料降低成本。
可选的，继续参考图1和图3，第二导电带210的宽度W2与第一导电带110的宽度W1的差值与弹性介质300的厚度d正相关。
示例性的，当柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，弹性介质300的厚度d越大，第一电极板100和第二电极板200在受压力作用的区域的错位程度越大，若此时第二导电带210的宽度W2与第一导电带110的宽度W1的差值随着弹性介质300的厚度d增大，可使得发生较大错位的多个第一导电带110和多个第二导电带210仍能够一一对应，避免漏检，提高了测试结果的准确性。
可选的，参考图1-3，第一电极板100位于弹性介质300靠近使用者一侧，第二电极板200位弹性介质300远离使用者一侧。
示例性的，若第二电极板200位于弹性介质300靠近使用者一侧，第二电极板200包括整片式的导电布或宽度大于第一导电带110的第二导电带210，第二电极板200的面积大于第一电极板100，在柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，第二电极板200受到的拉扯力较大。若第一电极板100位于弹性介质300靠近使用者一侧，在柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，第一电极板100受到的拉扯力较小，可延长柔性传感器10的使用寿命。
可选的，图4为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的截面结构示意图。如图4所示，柔性传感器10还包括第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122，第一电极板100通过第一电极扣121与外部处理电路电连接(图中未示出外部处理电路)，第二电极板200通过第二电极扣122与外部处理电路电连接。其中，本申请实施例对第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122的类型不做限制，可以是公扣也可以是母扣，为便于说明，以第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122均为公扣为例进行说明。
示例性的，柔性传感器10通过第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122与柔性传感器10的外部处理电路电连接，在第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122均为 公扣时，第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122可通过母扣与外部处理电路电连接，通过第一电极扣121和第二电极扣122方便更换柔性传感器10，也方便更换外部处理电路，使得柔性传感器10可以应用于更多的使用场景。第一电极扣121可以在柔性传感器10的任意位置，第二电极扣122可以在柔性传感器10的任意位置，柔性传感器10可以包括多个第一电极扣121和多个第二电极扣122，第一电极扣、和第二电极扣为可变电容的两个输出端，方便柔性传感器10与外部处理电路相连接。一般情况下，为提高使用者的舒适度和电路的简洁度，第一电极扣121可固定于第一电极板100且靠近柔性传感器10的边缘的位置，第二电极扣122可固定于第二电极板200且靠近柔性传感器10的边缘的位置。
可选的，图5为本申请实施例提供的一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图。如图5所示，第一导电带110包括第一子导电带111和第二子导电带112，第一子导电带111沿第一方向X延伸且沿第二方向Y排列，相邻第一子导电带111通过第二子导电带112连接。
示例性的，参考图5，第二子导电带112沿第二方向Y延伸，相邻的第一子导电带111通过第二子导电带112首尾连接，使得多个第一导电带110呈蛇形分布，第一电极扣121可固定在多个第一导电带110中靠近或位于中间的第一导电带110上，使得第一电极板100中的电流分布均匀，且第一电极扣121位于柔性传感器10的边缘位置，提高了使用者的舒适度。图6为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图，参考图6，第二子导电带112沿第二方向Y延伸，第一子导电带111和第二子导电带112依次交替相连，使得第一导电带110呈回形由外至内依次布满弹性介质300的一侧。第一子导电带111和第二子导电带112的连接方式还可以如图7和图8所示排布，本申请实施例对第二子导电带112不做限定，对第一字导电带111和第二子导电带112的连接排布也不做限定。
可选的，柔性传感器10包括多个第一电极板100，以图7中的柔性传感器10包括两个第一电极板100为例，柔性传感器10还包括两个第一电极扣121，分别固定在两个第一电极板100上。
示例性的，柔性传感器10还包括两个第二电极板(图中未示出)，柔性传感器10可形成两个可变电容，根据两个电容的电容量信息，可在柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，确定受压位置信息，实现定位功能。
可选的，第一导电带的宽度为1cm±0.5cm，相邻第一导电带的间隔距离为5cm±2.5cm。
示例性的，参考图5，第一子导电带111和第二子导电带112的宽度为 1cm±0.5cm，其中，相邻的第一子导电带121的间隔隔离为5cm±2.5cm。通过合理设计第一导电带110的宽度和相邻第一导电带110的间隔距离，可以调整柔性传感器的灵敏度，例如可通过减小第一导电带110的宽度和/或增大相邻第一导电带110的间隔距离可减小第一电极板100和第二电极板200的正对面积，适当降低柔性传感器10的灵敏度，防止误检；还可以通过增大第一导电带110的宽度和/或减小相邻第一导电带110的间隔距离可增大第一电极板100和第二电极板200的正对面积，适当提高柔性传感器10的灵敏度。
可选的，弹性介质300包括海绵绝缘体。海绵绝缘体具有非常好的弹性和支撑性，非常适用于智能家具中，可增加智能家具的舒适度，还可以在柔性传感器10受到压力作用时，分散压力，提高柔性传感器10的使用寿命。此外，海绵绝缘体具有很好的回弹性，当柔性传感器10所受压力消失时，第一电极板100和第二电极板200之间的距离可借助于海绵绝缘体的回弹性恢复到柔性传感器10未受力时的距离状态，可变电容的电容量也会恢复至性传感器10未受力时的状态。而且海绵绝缘体成本低，降低了传感器的成本。
可选的，图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种柔性传感器的俯视结构示意图。如图9所示，弹性介质300设置有多个透气孔310，在柔性传感器10的厚度方向上，透气孔310与第一导电带110互不交叠。透气孔310方便透气，提高使用者的舒适度。
本申请实施例还提供的一种智能垫，图10为本申请实施例提供的一种智能垫的结构示意图，如图10所示，智能垫20包括本申请实施例提供的柔性传感器10。智能垫例如可以为床垫、座垫等，可应用于智能床、汽车座椅等场景。比如，应用于智能床可对用户的在床和离床时间进行监测；应用于汽车座垫可实现自动识别座位人数。
可选的，继续参考图10，智能垫20可包括多个柔性传感器10，每个柔性传感器10与外部处理电路电连接。其中，外部处理电路设置为根据每个柔性传感器10的电容量信息，确定智能垫的受压位置信息。
示例性的，智能床垫20可以应用于智能沙发，智能沙发的长宽差距较大，可在一个智能床垫20中设置多个柔性传感器10，通过每个柔性传感器10的电容量信息，确定智能沙发的哪些位置有人，然后在室温较低时自动进行加热。
本申请实施例所提供的智能垫可包括本申请任一实施例所提供的柔性传感器，具备相应的结构和效果。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种柔性传感器，设置为与外部处理电路电连接，包括：第一电极板、第二电极板以及弹性介质；
    所述第一电极板包括间隔设置的多个第一导电带；相邻第一导电带之间相互电连接；
    所述第一电极板和所述第二电极板设置于所述弹性介质的相对两侧；所述第二电极板与所述第一导电带形成以所述弹性介质为绝缘层的可变电容；
    其中，在所述弹性介质受到压力的情况下，所述弹性介质设置为发生弹性形变，以改变所述第一电极板与所述第二电极板之间的距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述第二电极板包括整片式的导电布。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述第二电极板包括与所述多个第一导电带一一对应设置的多个第二导电带；其中，所述第二导电带的宽度大于所述第一导电带的宽度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述第二导电带的宽度和所述第一导电带的宽度的差值与所述弹性介质的厚度正相关。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述第一电极板位于所述弹性介质靠近使用者一侧；所述第二电极板位于所述弹性介质远离所述使用者一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，还包括：第一电极扣和第二电极扣；
    所述第一电极板通过所述第一电极扣设置为与所述外部处理电路电连接；所述第二电极板通过所述第二电极扣设置为与所述外部处理电路电连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述第一导电带包括第一子导电带和第二子导电带；
    所述第一子导电带沿第一方向延伸且沿第二方向排列；相邻第一子导电带通过所述第二子导电带电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述第一导电带的宽度为1cm±0.5cm；相邻第一导电带的间隔距离为5cm±2.5cm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述弹性介质包括海绵绝缘体。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器，其中，所述弹性介质设置有多个透气孔；在所述柔性传感器的厚度方向上，所述透气孔与所述第一导电带互不 交叠。
  11. 一种智能垫，包括：至少一个权利要求1-10任一项所述的柔性传感器。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的智能垫，其中，包括多个柔性传感器；
    每个柔性传感器设置为与所述外部处理电路电连接；所述外部处理电路设置为根据每个柔性传感器的电容量信息，确定所述智能垫的受压位置信息。
PCT/CN2022/101135 2022-04-20 2022-06-24 柔性传感器及智能垫 WO2023201877A1 (zh)

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