WO2023184789A1 - 整车结构及作业机械 - Google Patents

整车结构及作业机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023184789A1
WO2023184789A1 PCT/CN2022/105868 CN2022105868W WO2023184789A1 WO 2023184789 A1 WO2023184789 A1 WO 2023184789A1 CN 2022105868 W CN2022105868 W CN 2022105868W WO 2023184789 A1 WO2023184789 A1 WO 2023184789A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive motor
vehicle structure
frame
vehicle
chassis
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PCT/CN2022/105868
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
阮盼
彭永兴
董军
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三一电动车科技有限公司
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Application filed by 三一电动车科技有限公司 filed Critical 三一电动车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023184789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023184789A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/16—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects for carrying mixed concrete, e.g. having rotatable drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of concrete mixer trucks, and in particular to a vehicle structure and operating machinery.
  • chassis layout of the transformed pure electric concrete mixer truck has basically remained unchanged compared to the chassis layout of the traditional fuel-fired concrete mixer truck.
  • the layout of the upper body and chassis drive motor controller is scattered, and the integration level is not high. There are too many pipelines and the vehicle space layout is messy.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle structure and operating machinery to solve the existing problems of low integration of pure electric concrete mixer trucks, too many parts and pipelines, and messy vehicle space layout.
  • this application provides a vehicle structure, including:
  • a bodywork drive mechanism is provided on the vehicle frame, the bodywork drive mechanism includes a bodywork drive motor, and the bodywork drive motor is used to drive the bodywork system;
  • a chassis drive mechanism is provided on the vehicle frame, the chassis drive mechanism includes a chassis drive motor, and the chassis drive motor is used to drive the rear axle;
  • a controller assembly is provided on the vehicle frame.
  • the controller assembly includes a body drive motor controller and a chassis drive motor controller.
  • the body drive motor is electrically connected to the body drive motor controller.
  • the chassis drive motor is electrically connected to the chassis drive motor controller.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a cab arranged at the front end of the frame, the controller assembly is arranged below the cab, and the controller assembly is located on the frame above.
  • the vehicle structure provided according to this application also includes:
  • the front desk is arranged on the vehicle frame, the upper loading system includes a upper loading mixing drum, and one end of the upper loading mixing drum is installed on the front desk;
  • the backstage is spaced apart from the front stage along the length direction of the frame, and the other end of the upper mixing drum is installed on the backstage;
  • the front desk and/or the back desk are provided with a receiving cavity for holding water, and the said receiving cavity is provided with a water inlet and outlet for supplying operating water to the top-mounted mixing drum.
  • the vehicle structure provided according to this application also includes:
  • the upper loading escalator is provided at the rear end of the upper loading mixing drum.
  • the upper loading escalator is fixedly connected to the backstage, or the upper loading escalator is detachably connected to the backstage.
  • the vehicle structure provided according to this application also includes:
  • a pair of upper loading escalators are respectively provided on both sides of the rear end of the upper loading mixing drum, and at least one of the upper loading escalators is detachably connected to the backstage.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a power battery assembly.
  • the power battery assembly is arranged between the cab and the top-mounted mixing drum.
  • the power battery assembly is used to provide power for the controller.
  • the assembly, the bodywork drive mechanism and the chassis drive mechanism are powered.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a fuel cell assembly, which is arranged outside the vehicle frame and at the front end of the rear axle, and is used to provide the fuel cell assembly for the The controller assembly, the upper body drive mechanism and the chassis drive mechanism are powered.
  • the upper driving mechanism also includes:
  • the first reducer is installed at the front end of the top-mounted mixing drum
  • the second reducer is integrated with the upper drive motor and shares an end cover.
  • the second reducer is connected to the first reducer through splines and seams.
  • the chassis drive mechanism further includes a transmission connected to the vehicle frame, the chassis drive motor is connected to the transmission, and the transmission is connected to the rear through a first transmission shaft. bridge connected.
  • the chassis drive motor and the transmission are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle frame, and the chassis drive motor and the transmission are located in the middle of the vehicle frame.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a battery frame arranged along the height direction of the vehicle frame.
  • the battery frame is installed above the vehicle frame, and the power battery assembly is placed in the battery frame. .
  • This application also provides a working machine, including the vehicle structure as described in any one of the above.
  • the vehicle structure provided by this application includes a vehicle frame, an upper driving mechanism, a chassis driving mechanism and a controller assembly arranged on the vehicle frame.
  • the bodywork drive mechanism includes a bodywork drive motor, and the bodywork drive motor is used to drive the bodywork system.
  • the chassis drive mechanism includes a chassis drive motor, which is used to drive the rear axle.
  • the controller assembly includes a top drive motor controller and a chassis drive motor controller.
  • the top drive motor is electrically connected to the top drive motor controller
  • the chassis drive motor is electrically connected to the chassis drive motor controller.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the vehicle structure provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the vehicle structure in an embodiment provided by the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a partial schematic diagram in direction A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the vehicle structure in another embodiment provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of the top-mounted drive motor provided by this application.
  • Controller assembly 14: Second transmission shaft; 15: Upper escalator;
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle structure, which includes a vehicle frame 12 and an upper driving mechanism, a chassis driving mechanism and a controller assembly 13 provided on the vehicle frame 12 .
  • the bodywork drive mechanism includes a bodywork drive motor 3, and the bodywork drive motor 3 is used to drive the bodywork system.
  • the top-mounted system includes a top-mounted mixing drum 5, and the top-mounted driving motor 3 drives the top-mounted mixing drum 5 to rotate, so that the mixing drum keeps rotating during transportation and prevents concrete from solidifying. And it uses a motor to drive the mixing drum to rotate.
  • the upper driving mechanism is more efficient and responds faster. It can achieve precise control of the mixing drum and has higher reliability.
  • the chassis drive mechanism includes a chassis drive motor 10 , which is used to drive the rear axle 7 . According to the steering command, the motor drives the rear axle 7 to rotate in the corresponding direction, and the steering angle is more accurate.
  • the controller assembly 13 includes a top drive motor controller and a chassis drive motor controller.
  • the top drive motor 3 is electrically connected to the top drive motor controller, and the top drive motor controller sends instructions to the top drive motor 3 to control the rotation speed of the top drive motor 3, etc., thereby controlling the rotation of the top mixing drum 5.
  • the chassis drive motor 10 is electrically connected to the chassis drive motor controller, and the chassis drive motor controller sends instructions to the chassis drive motor 10 to control the rotation speed of the chassis drive motor 10, etc., thereby controlling the steering of the rear axle 7.
  • other motor controllers of the engineering machinery such as the steering oil pump controller, can also be integrated into the controller assembly 13 to achieve a high degree of integration, which not only saves installation space and facilitates wiring, but also centralizes the cooling devices of each controller. , reduce pipeline layout.
  • the upper drive motor controller and the chassis drive motor controller are integrated together, which reduces the high-voltage wiring harness and cooling pipelines between the controllers, makes the entire vehicle pipeline beautiful and takes up less space, thus solving the problem of the existing technology.
  • the medium-purity electric concrete mixer truck has low integration level, too many parts and pipelines, and the vehicle space layout is messy.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a cab 1 , which is arranged at the front end of the vehicle frame 12 .
  • the controller assembly 13 is arranged below the cab 1 and is located above the vehicle frame 12 .
  • the controller assembly 13 is installed above the vehicle frame 12 through a bracket attachment. With this arrangement, the controller assembly 13 is relatively far from the ground and is blocked by the cab 1, which can avoid rain and dust accumulation and extend the service life of the controller assembly 13.
  • the controller assembly 13 can be exposed, and the maintenance space is large, making it easy to disassemble, assemble, and replace.
  • the up and down directions in the figure are the front and rear directions, the lower end in the figure is the front end, and the upper end in the figure is the rear end;
  • the left and right directions in the figure are the up and down directions of the pointer, the left end of the figure is the top of the pointer, and the right end of the figure is the bottom of the pointer.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a front desk 11 and a back desk 6.
  • the front desk 11 is arranged on the vehicle frame 12
  • the back desk 6 and the front desk 11 are spaced apart along the length direction of the vehicle frame 12 .
  • One end of the top-loading mixing drum 5 is installed on the front desk 11, and the other end of the top-loading mixing drum 5 is installed on the backstage 6 to connect the top-loading mixing drum 5 with the vehicle frame 12.
  • the front desk 11 and/or the back desk 6 are provided with a receiving cavity for holding water.
  • the receiving cavity is provided with a water inlet and outlet for supplying working water, which can supply water to the upwardly mounted mixing drum 5, thus eliminating the traditional water tank setting and making the structure more convenient. Simple, making full use of the internal space of the front desk 11 and backstage 6. It should be noted that, taking the placement position of the entire vehicle structure as shown in Figure 1, the up and down direction in the figure is the length direction of the vehicle frame 12.
  • the backstage 6 can be configured as a sealed structure, and its internal housing cavity can hold a certain volume of water, and can supply operating water to the upwardly mounted mixing drum 5.
  • the accommodation cavity needs to be able to withstand a certain air pressure to ensure its safety.
  • the backstage 6 can not only play the role of carrying the top mixing drum 5, but also play the role of loading water for the top.
  • this design makes full use of the internal space of the back desk 6.
  • the structure is more compact and the layout is more reasonable. It greatly shortens the length of the upper water supply pipeline and makes the vehicle pipeline more concise.
  • the entire vehicle structure also includes a loading escalator 15 provided at the rear end of the loading mixing drum 5 .
  • the loading escalator 15 can be used by loading workers for climbing operations.
  • the upper escalator 15 is fixedly connected to the backstage 6 so that the two are firmly connected.
  • the loading escalator 15 and the backstage 6 can be detachably connected, for example, through fasteners such as bolts, which facilitates disassembly and assembly and makes use more flexible.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a pair of loading escalators 15 provided at the rear end of the loading mixing drum 5 .
  • the loading escalators 15 can be used by loading workers for climbing operations.
  • two upper loading escalators 15 are respectively located on both sides of the rear end of the upper loading mixing drum 5.
  • at least one upper escalator 15 is detachably connected to the backstage 6 .
  • one of the upper loading escalators 15 can be selected to be detachably connected to the backstage 6 according to actual usage requirements.
  • both top loading escalators 15 are detachably connected to the backstage 6 . This arrangement makes it easy to disassemble and assemble the escalator 15, making it more convenient to use.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a power battery assembly, which is disposed between the cab 1 and the upper-mounted mixing drum 5 .
  • the power battery assembly is arranged along the height direction of the vehicle frame 12, making full use of the installation space and making the arrangement compact.
  • the power battery assembly is used to power the controller assembly 13, the upper driving mechanism and the chassis driving mechanism.
  • the power battery assembly provides power to the controller assembly 13 to ensure reliable operation of the entire vehicle.
  • the power battery assembly supplies power to the upper body drive motor 3 through the controller assembly 13 and converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, causing the upper body mixing drum 5 to rotate.
  • the power battery assembly supplies power to the chassis drive motor 10 through the controller assembly 13, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and drives the rear wheels to rotate. With this arrangement, the power battery assembly converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the controller assembly 13, replacing the traditional internal combustion engine, making it more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and adapting to the current electrification development trend.
  • the vehicle structure also includes a battery frame 2 arranged along the height direction of the vehicle frame 12.
  • the battery frame 2 is installed above the vehicle frame 12, and the power battery assembly is placed in the battery frame 2.
  • the battery frame 2 can be multi-layered to facilitate storage of the power battery assembly.
  • the battery frame 2 can also be provided with a door panel to facilitate the inspection and installation of the power battery assembly. It should be noted that, taking the placement position of the entire vehicle structure as shown in Figure 1, the left and right directions in the figure are the height directions of the vehicle frame 12.
  • the entire vehicle structure also includes a fuel cell assembly 16 , which is disposed outside the vehicle frame 12 and located at the front end of the rear axle 7 .
  • the fuel cell assembly 16 is used to supply power to the controller assembly 13, the upper driving mechanism and the chassis driving mechanism.
  • the fuel cell assembly 16 is arranged to be suspended and installed on both sides of the outer side of the vehicle frame 12 .
  • the fuel cell assembly 16 is located between the front axle 17 and the rear axle 7, making full use of the installation space between the front and rear axles. With this arrangement, the traditional internal combustion engine is replaced by the fuel cell assembly 16, which is more environmentally friendly and adapts to the current electrification development trend.
  • the bodywork driving mechanism also includes a first reducer 4 and a second reducer 18 .
  • the first reducer 4 is provided at the front end of the top mixing drum 5, and the seal of the first reducer 4 can be protected by an O-ring.
  • the second reducer 18 is integrated with the upper drive motor 3 and shares an end cover, and the second reducer 18 is connected to the first reducer 4 through splines and seams. It should be noted that splines and seams are relatively common installation methods in this field, so they will not be described again here.
  • This arrangement forms a direct drive motor and double reducer structure, which enables the matching of rotational speed and torque transmission between the upper drive motor 3 and the upper mixing drum 5 .
  • the chassis drive mechanism also includes a transmission 9 connected to the frame 12 .
  • the chassis drive motor 10 is connected to the transmission 9
  • the transmission 9 is connected to the rear axle 7 through the first transmission shaft 8 .
  • the transmission ratio is changed, the rotation speed, gears, etc. are switched, and the transmission is transmitted to the rear axle 7 through the first transmission shaft 8 to drive the tires to rotate.
  • FIG. 2 there are at least two rear axles 7 , and two adjacent rear axles 7 are connected by a second transmission shaft 14 .
  • the number of rear axles 7 can be specifically determined according to actual design requirements.
  • the chassis drive motor 10 and the transmission 9 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the vehicle frame 12 , and the chassis drive motor 10 and the transmission 9 are located in the middle of the vehicle frame 12 .
  • the frame 12 includes a pair of longitudinal beams extending along its length direction and spaced apart along the width direction, and a number of cross beams connected between the two longitudinal beams to form a stable frame structure.
  • the chassis drive motor 10 and the transmission 9 are installed between the two longitudinal beams through bracket accessories, so that the center of gravity is located in the middle of the frame 12 and the setting is more stable.
  • the up and down direction in the figure is the length direction of the frame 12
  • the left and right direction in the figure is the width direction of the frame 12.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle structure, which is suitable for electric engineering machinery such as concrete mixer trucks.
  • a vehicle structure which is suitable for electric engineering machinery such as concrete mixer trucks.
  • it specifically includes a cab 1, a power battery assembly and a battery frame 2, and an upper driving motor 3.
  • the cab 1 is installed above the vehicle frame 12 and arranged at the front end of the vehicle.
  • the upper mixing drum 5 is connected to the vehicle frame 12 through the front stage 11 and the back stage 6 .
  • a certain volume of water can be held inside the backstage 6 for loading water for top loading.
  • the power battery assembly and battery frame 2 are installed above the vehicle frame 12 and arranged between the cab 1 and the upper mixing drum 5 .
  • the upper drive motor 3 is integrated with the second reducer 18 and shares an end cover.
  • the second reducer 18 is connected to the first reducer 4 through splines and splines.
  • the first reducer 4 is installed at the front end of the upper mixing drum 5 .
  • the chassis drive motor 10 is connected to the transmission 9 , and the transmission 9 is connected to the rear axle 7 through the first transmission shaft 8 .
  • the chassis drive motor 10 is generally arranged vertically in the middle of the frame 12 .
  • the controller assembly 13 includes a top drive motor controller, a chassis drive motor controller, etc.
  • the controller assembly 13 is installed above the vehicle frame 12 and located below the cab 1 .
  • the top loading escalator 15 is detachably connected to the backstage 6, allowing top loading workers to perform climbing operations.
  • the controllers are integrated with a high degree of integration, which reduces high-voltage wiring harnesses, cooling pipelines, etc. between controllers.
  • the controller assembly 13 is arranged below the cab 1 and installed above the frame 12. It is higher than the ground, which can also avoid rain and dust accumulation and increase the service life of the product.
  • the top-mounted water tank is integrated into the backstage 6, eliminating the traditional water tank setting, making full use of the top-mounted space, making the structure compact, and shortening the top-mounted water supply system pipeline.
  • the overall pipeline layout of the vehicle structure is beautiful and neat, takes up less space and has a compact structure.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a working machine.
  • the working machine is, for example, a concrete mixer truck.
  • the working machine includes the entire vehicle structure as in the above embodiments.
  • the upper drive motor controller and the chassis drive motor controller are integrated together, which reduces the high-voltage wiring harness and cooling pipelines between the controllers, makes the entire vehicle pipeline beautiful and takes up less space, thus solving the problem of the existing technology.
  • the medium-purity electric concrete mixer truck has low integration level, too many parts and pipelines, and the vehicle space layout is messy.
  • the derivation process of this beneficial effect is roughly similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effect of the above-mentioned vehicle structure, so it will not be described again here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种整车结构及作业机械，包括车架（12）以及设置在车架（12）上的上装驱动机构、底盘驱动机构和控制器总成（13），上装驱动机构包括上装驱动电机（3），上装驱动电机（3）用于驱动上装系统，底盘驱动机构包括底盘驱动电机（10），底盘驱动电机（10）用于驱动后桥（7），控制器总成（13）包括上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器，上装驱动电机（3）与上装驱动电机控制器电连接，底盘驱动电机（10）与底盘驱动电机控制器电连接。

Description

整车结构及作业机械
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年3月31日提交的申请号为2022103446930，发明名称为“整车结构及作业机械”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及混凝土搅拌车技术领域，尤其涉及一种整车结构及作业机械。
背景技术
随着碳排放、碳中和等一系列政策落地，电动化已成为汽车行业的重要变革方向。目前，传统燃油混凝土搅拌运输车转型到纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车，只是简单地使用电机和控制器替代发动机，并新增电池包，实现电动化的快速转变。
但是这样，转型后的纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车的底盘布置形式和传统燃油混凝土搅拌运输车的底盘布置形式相比基本没有变化，上装、底盘驱动电机控制器布置分散，集成度不高，零部件及管线数量过多，车辆空间布置杂乱。
因此，如何解决现有技术中纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车集成度不高，零部件及管线数量过多，车辆空间布置杂乱的问题，成为本领域技术人员所要解决的重要技术问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种整车结构及作业机械，用以解决现有技术中纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车集成度不高，零部件及管线数量过多，车辆空间布置杂乱的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供一种整车结构，包括：
车架；
上装驱动机构，设置在所述车架上，所述上装驱动机构包括上装驱动电机，所述上装驱动电机用于驱动上装系统；
底盘驱动机构，设置在所述车架上，所述底盘驱动机构包括底盘驱动电机，所述底盘驱动电机用于驱动后桥；
控制器总成，设置在所述车架上，所述控制器总成包括上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器，所述上装驱动电机与所述上装驱动电机控制器电连接，所述底盘驱动电机与所述底盘驱动电机控制器电连接。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括设置在所述车架的前端的驾驶室，所述控制器总成布置在所述驾驶室的下方，且所述控制器总成位于所述车架的上方。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括：
前台，设置在所述车架上，所述上装系统包括上装搅拌筒，所述上装搅拌筒的一端安装在所述前台上；
后台，与所述前台沿所述车架的长度方向间隔设置，所述上装搅拌筒的另一端安装在所述后台上；
其中，所述前台和/或所述后台设有用于盛水的容置腔体，所述容置腔体设有用于向所述上装搅拌筒供给作业用水的进出水口。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括：
上装扶梯，设置在所述上装搅拌筒的后端，所述上装扶梯与所述后台固定连接，或者，所述上装扶梯与所述后台可拆卸连接。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括：
一对上装扶梯，分别设置在所述上装搅拌筒的后端两侧，至少一个所述上装扶梯与所述后台可拆卸连接。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括动力电池总成，所述动力电池总成设置在所述驾驶室和所述上装搅拌筒之间，所述动力电池总成用于为所述控制器总成、所述上装驱动机构和所述底盘驱动机构供电。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括燃料电池总成，所述燃料电池总成设置在所述车架的外侧且位于所述后桥的前端，所述燃料电池总成用于为所述控制器总成、所述上装驱动机构和所述底盘驱动机构供电。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，所述上装驱动机构还包括：
第一减速机，设置在所述上装搅拌筒的前端；
第二减速机，与所述上装驱动电机集成且共用一个端盖，所述第二减速机通过花键和止口与所述第一减速机相连接。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，所述底盘驱动机构还包括与所述车架相连接的变速器，所述底盘驱动电机与所述变速器相连接，所述变速器通过第一传动轴与所述后桥相连接。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，所述后桥至少为两个，相邻两个所述后桥之间通过第二传动轴相连接。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，所述底盘驱动电机和所述变速器沿所述车架的长度方向布置，且所述底盘驱动电机和所述变速器位于所述车架的中部。
根据本申请提供的整车结构，还包括沿所述车架的高度方向设置的电池框架，所述电池框架安装在所述车架的上方，所述动力电池总成放置在所述电池框架中。
本申请还提供一种作业机械，包括如上述任一项所述的整车结构。
本申请提供的整车结构，包括车架以及设置在车架上的上装驱动机构、底盘驱动机构和控制器总成。上装驱动机构包括上装驱动电机，上装驱动电机用于驱动上装系统。底盘驱动机构包括底盘驱动电机，底盘驱动电机用于驱动后桥。控制器总成包括上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器，上装驱动电机与上装驱动电机控制器电连接，底盘驱动电机与底盘驱动电机控制器电连接。如此设置，将上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器整合集成在一起，使得控制器之间的高压线束、冷却管路减少，整车管线走向美观，占用空间少，从而解决了现有技术中纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车集成度不高，零部件及管线数量过多，车辆空间布置杂乱的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请提供的整车结构的主视图；
图2是本申请提供的一种实施例中整车结构的俯视图；
图3是图1中A向局部示意图；
图4是本申请提供的另一实施例中整车结构的俯视图；
图5是本申请提供的上装驱动电机处的局部示意图；
附图标记：
1：驾驶室；         2：电池框架；        3：上装驱动电机；
4：第一减速机；     5：上装搅拌筒；      6：后台；
7：后桥；           8：第一传动轴；      9：变速器；
10：底盘驱动电机；  11：前台；           12：车架；
13：控制器总成；    14：第二传动轴；     15：上装扶梯；
16：燃料电池总成；  17：前桥；           18：第二减速机。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请中的附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面结合图1至图5描述本申请的整车结构。
如图1所示，本申请实施例提供了一种整车结构，包括车架12以及设置在车架12上的上装驱动机构、底盘驱动机构和控制器总成13。具体来说，上装驱动机构包括上装驱动电机3，上装驱动电机3用于驱动上装系统。一般地，上装系统包括上装搅拌筒5，上装驱动电机3驱动上装搅拌筒5转动，以使搅拌筒在运输过程中保持转动，防止混凝土凝固。并且利用电机驱动搅拌筒转动，与传统液压驱动相比，该上装驱动机构更加高效，响应速度更快，可以实现对搅拌筒的精准控制，可靠性更高。底盘驱动机构包括底盘驱动电机10，底盘驱动电机10用于驱动后桥7。根据转向指令，电机驱动后桥7向相应方向随动转动，转向角度更加准确。
控制器总成13包括上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器。上 装驱动电机3与上装驱动电机控制器电连接，上装驱动电机控制器发送指令至上装驱动电机3，以控制上装驱动电机3的转速等，从而控制上装搅拌筒5转动。底盘驱动电机10与底盘驱动电机控制器电连接，底盘驱动电机控制器发送指令至底盘驱动电机10，以控制底盘驱动电机10的转速等，从而控制后桥7转向。此外，工程机械的其他电机控制器如转向油泵控制器等也可整合到控制器总成13中，实现高度集成化，不仅可节省安装空间，便于布线，还能集中设置各控制器的冷却装置，减少管路布置。
如此设置，将上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器整合集成在一起，使得控制器之间的高压线束、冷却管路减少，整车管线走向美观，占用空间少，从而解决了现有技术中纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车集成度不高，零部件及管线数量过多，车辆空间布置杂乱的问题。
本申请实施例中，整车结构还包括驾驶室1，驾驶室1设置在车架12的前端。控制器总成13布置在驾驶室1的下方，且控制器总成13位于车架12的上方。具体地，控制器总成13通过支架附件安装在车架12的上方。这样设置，控制器总成13距离地面相对较远，并被驾驶室1遮挡，可避免淋雨积灰等，延长控制器总成13的使用寿命。而且当将驾驶室1举升时，即可露出控制器总成13，维修空间大，便于拆装和更换。需要说明的是，以如图1所述的整车结构的摆放位置来说，图中上下方向即为所指前后方向，图中下端为所指前端，图中上端为所指后端；图中左右方向即为所指上下方向，图中左端为所指上方，图中右端为所指下方。
于本申请实施例中，如图1所示，整车结构还包括前台11和后台6。具体地，前台11设置在车架12上，且后台6与前台11沿车架12的长度方向间隔设置。上装搅拌筒5的一端安装在前台11上，上装搅拌筒5的另一端安装在后台6上，以将上装搅拌筒5与车架12相连。其中，前台11和/或后台6设有用于盛水的容置腔体，容置腔体设有用于供给作业用水的进出水口，可向上装搅拌筒5供水，从而取消传统水箱设置，结构更加简洁，充分利用前台11、后台6的内部空间。需要说明的是，以如图1所述的整车结构的摆放位置来说，图中上下方向即为车架12的长度方向。
具体地，如图3所示，后台6可设置为密封结构，其内部容置腔体可盛放一定体积的水，可向上装搅拌筒5供给作业用水。该容置腔体需能承 受一定的气压，保证其使用安全性。如此设计，后台6不仅可以起到承载上装搅拌筒5的作用，还可以起到装载上装用水的作用。相较于传统在前台11位置处安装水箱的方案，该设计充分利用后台6的内部空间，结构更加紧凑，布局更加合理，大大缩短了上装的供水管路长度，使车辆的管路更加简洁。
进一步地，在本申请的一些实施例中，整车结构还包括设置在上装搅拌筒5后端的一个上装扶梯15，该上装扶梯15可供上装作业人员登高作业。具体地，上装扶梯15与后台6固定连接，以使二者连接牢固。或者，上装扶梯15与后台6可拆卸连接，例如通过紧固件如螺栓连接，便于拆装，使用更加灵活。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1所示，整车结构还包括设置在上装搅拌筒5后端的一对上装扶梯15，上装扶梯15可供上装作业人员登高作业。如图3所示，两个上装扶梯15分别位于上装搅拌筒5的后端两侧。其中，至少一个上装扶梯15与后台6可拆卸连接。具体地，可根据实际使用需求选择其中一个上装扶梯15与后台6可拆卸连接。或者，两个上装扶梯15均与后台6可拆卸连接。这样设置，便于拆装上装扶梯15，使用更加便捷。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2所示，整车结构还包括动力电池总成，动力电池总成设置在驾驶室1和上装搅拌筒5之间。优选地，动力电池总成沿车架12的高度方向设置，充分利用安装空间，布置紧凑。动力电池总成用于为控制器总成13、上装驱动机构和底盘驱动机构供电。具体地，动力电池总成为控制器总成13提供电力，保证整车可靠运行。动力电池总成通过控制器总成13为上装驱动电机3供电，将电能转化为机械能，使得上装搅拌筒5转动。动力电池总成通过控制器总成13为底盘驱动电机10供电，将电能转化为机械能，带动后轮转动。如此设置，动力电池总成通过控制器总成13将电能转化为机械能，代替传统内燃机，使用更加节能环保，适应当前电动化发展趋势。
如图1所示，整车结构还包括沿车架12的高度方向设置的电池框架2，电池框架2安装在车架12的上方，动力电池总成放置在电池框架2中。具体地，电池框架2可为多层，便于存放动力电池总成。且电池框架2还 可设置门板，以便对动力电池总成进行检修和安装。需要说明的是，以如图1所述的整车结构的摆放位置来说，图中左右方向即为车架12的高度方向。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图4所示，整车结构还包括燃料电池总成16，燃料电池总成16设置在车架12的外侧且位于后桥7的前端。燃料电池总成16用于为控制器总成13、上装驱动机构和底盘驱动机构供电。一般地，为了保持重心平稳，燃料电池总成16设置为在车架12外侧两侧悬挂安装。并且燃料电池总成16位于前桥17和后桥7之间，充分利用前后桥之间的安装空间。如此设置，通过燃料电池总成16代替传统内燃机，使用更加环保，适应当前电动化发展趋势。
进一步地，如图5所示，上装驱动机构还包括第一减速机4和第二减速机18。具体地，第一减速机4设置在上装搅拌筒5的前端，第一减速机4的密封可以通过O型密封圈进行防护。第二减速机18与上装驱动电机3集成且共用一个端盖，并且第二减速机18通过花键和止口与第一减速机4相连接。需要说明的是，花键和止口属于本领域较为常见的安装方式，故在此不再赘述。这样设置，形成直驱电机及双减速机结构，实现在上装驱动电机3与上装搅拌筒5之间起到匹配转速和传递扭矩的作用。
于本申请的可选实施例中，底盘驱动机构还包括与车架12相连接的变速器9。如图2所示，底盘驱动电机10与变速器9相连接，变速器9通过第一传动轴8与后桥7相连接。从而通过变速器9的调节，改变传动比，切换转速、档位等，并通过第一传动轴8传输到后桥7，带动轮胎转动。
在本申请实施例中，如图2所示，后桥7至少为两个，相邻两个后桥7之间通过第二传动轴14相连接。这样，可将动力传递到每一个车桥上，以带动各桥车轮做相应转向动作。其中，后桥7的数量可根据实际设计要求具体确定。
需要说明的是，如图2所示，底盘驱动电机10和变速器9沿车架12的长度方向依次布置，且底盘驱动电机10和变速器9位于车架12的中部。具体地，车架12包括沿其长度方向延伸且沿宽度方向间隔布置的一对纵梁，以及连接在两纵梁之间的若干横梁，以形成稳定的框架结构。底盘驱动电机10和变速器9通过支架附件安装在两纵梁之间，使得重心位 于车架12中间，设置更加平稳。需要说明的是，以如图2所述的整车结构的摆放位置来说，图中上下方向即为车架12的长度方向，图中左右方向即为车架12的宽度方向。
结合上述各实施例，对本申请的整车结构进行具体的说明。本申请实施例提供了一种整车结构，适用于混凝土搅拌运输车等电动工程机械，如图1所示，具体包括驾驶室1，动力电池总成及电池框架2，上装驱动电机3，第一减速机4，上装搅拌筒5，后台6，后桥7，第一传动轴8，变速器9，底盘驱动电机10，前台11，车架12，控制器总成13，上装扶梯15，以及第二减速机18等。具体来说，驾驶室1安装在车架12上方，并布置在车辆的前端。上装搅拌筒5通过前台11、后台6与车架12连接。后台6内部可盛放一定体积的水，用于装载上装用水。动力电池总成及电池框架2安装在车架12上方，并布置在驾驶室1和上装搅拌筒5之间。上装驱动电机3与第二减速机18集成且共用一个端盖，第二减速机18通过花键和止口与第一减速机4相连接，第一减速机4安装在上装搅拌筒5的前端。底盘驱动电机10与变速器9相连，变速器9通过第一传动轴8与后桥7相连。底盘驱动电机10一般布置在车架12中部纵置。控制器总成13包括上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器等。控制器总成13安装在车架12上方，并位于驾驶室1下方。上装扶梯15与后台6可拆卸连接，可供上装作业人员登高作业。
如此设置，将控制器整合集成，集成度高，减少了控制器之间的高压线束、冷却管路等。且控制器总成13布置在驾驶室1下方，安装在车架12上方，距离地面较高，也可避免淋雨积灰，增加产品使用寿命。驾驶室举升时，其拆装维修空间大。此外，将上装水箱集成到后台6，取消传统水箱的设置，充分利用上装空间，结构紧凑，缩短了上装供水系统管路。该整车结构整体管线布局美观整洁，占用空间少，结构紧凑。
下面对本申请提供的作业机械进行描述，下文描述的作业机械与上文描述的整车结构可相互对应参照。
本申请实施例还提供了一种作业机械，具体地，作业机械例如为混凝土搅拌运输车等。作业机械包括如上述各实施例中的整车结构。如此设置，将上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器整合集成在一起，使得控制 器之间的高压线束、冷却管路减少，整车管线走向美观，占用空间少，从而解决了现有技术中纯电动混凝土搅拌运输车集成度不高，零部件及管线数量过多，车辆空间布置杂乱的问题。该有益效果的推导过程和上述整车结构的有益效果的推导过程大致类似，故在此不再赘述。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种整车结构，包括：
    车架；
    上装驱动机构，设置在所述车架上，所述上装驱动机构包括上装驱动电机，所述上装驱动电机用于驱动上装系统；
    底盘驱动机构，设置在所述车架上，所述底盘驱动机构包括底盘驱动电机，所述底盘驱动电机用于驱动后桥；
    控制器总成，设置在所述车架上，所述控制器总成包括上装驱动电机控制器和底盘驱动电机控制器，所述上装驱动电机与所述上装驱动电机控制器电连接，所述底盘驱动电机与所述底盘驱动电机控制器电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的整车结构，还包括设置在所述车架的前端的驾驶室，所述控制器总成布置在所述驾驶室的下方，且所述控制器总成位于所述车架的上方。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的整车结构，还包括：
    前台，设置在所述车架上，所述上装系统包括上装搅拌筒，所述上装搅拌筒的一端安装在所述前台上；
    后台，与所述前台沿所述车架的长度方向间隔设置，所述上装搅拌筒的另一端安装在所述后台上；
    其中，所述前台和/或所述后台设有用于盛水的容置腔体，所述容置腔体设有用于供给作业用水的进出水口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的整车结构，还包括：
    上装扶梯，设置在所述上装搅拌筒的后端，所述上装扶梯与所述后台固定连接，或者，所述上装扶梯与所述后台可拆卸连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的整车结构，还包括：
    一对上装扶梯，分别设置在所述上装搅拌筒的后端两侧，至少一个所述上装扶梯与所述后台可拆卸连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的整车结构，还包括动力电池总成，所述动力电池总成设置在所述驾驶室和所述上装搅拌筒之间，所述动力电池总 成用于为所述控制器总成、所述上装驱动机构和所述底盘驱动机构供电。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的整车结构，还包括燃料电池总成，所述燃料电池总成设置在所述车架的外侧且位于所述后桥的前端，所述燃料电池总成用于为所述控制器总成、所述上装驱动机构和所述底盘驱动机构供电。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的整车结构，其中，所述上装驱动机构还包括：
    第一减速机，设置在所述上装搅拌筒的前端；
    第二减速机，与所述上装驱动电机集成且共用一个端盖，所述第二减速机通过花键和止口与所述第一减速机相连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的整车结构，其中，所述底盘驱动机构还包括与所述车架相连接的变速器，所述底盘驱动电机与所述变速器相连接，所述变速器通过第一传动轴与所述后桥相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的整车结构，其中，所述后桥至少为两个，相邻两个所述后桥之间通过第二传动轴相连接。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的整车结构，其中，所述底盘驱动电机和所述变速器沿所述车架的长度方向布置，且所述底盘驱动电机和所述变速器位于所述车架的中部。
  12. 根据权利要求6所述的整车结构，还包括沿所述车架的高度方向设置的电池框架，所述电池框架安装在所述车架的上方，所述动力电池总成放置在所述电池框架中。
  13. 一种作业机械，包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的整车结构。
PCT/CN2022/105868 2022-03-31 2022-07-15 整车结构及作业机械 WO2023184789A1 (zh)

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