WO2023182136A1 - ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、硬化膜、および半導体装置 - Google Patents
ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、硬化膜、および半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
- G03F7/0395—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition the macromolecular compound having a backbone with alicyclic moieties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W20/00—Interconnections in chips, wafers or substrates
- H10W20/01—Manufacture or treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W20/00—Interconnections in chips, wafers or substrates
- H10W20/40—Interconnections external to wafers or substrates, e.g. back-end-of-line [BEOL] metallisations or vias connecting to gate electrodes
- H10W20/45—Interconnections external to wafers or substrates, e.g. back-end-of-line [BEOL] metallisations or vias connecting to gate electrodes characterised by their insulating parts
- H10W20/48—Insulating materials thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive photosensitive resin composition, a cured film thereof, and a semiconductor device including the cured film as an insulating layer.
- thermosetting resins are sometimes used to form cured films such as insulating layers. Therefore, photosensitive resin compositions containing thermosetting resins have been studied so far. It is known to form an insulating film in a rewiring layer or an insulating film in a portion other than the rewiring layer using a photosensitive resin composition containing a thermosetting resin.
- Patent Document 1 describes a photosensitive resin composition containing an alkaline aqueous solution soluble resin, a crosslinking agent, a photopolymerization initiator, and an epoxy resin (thermosetting resin) represented by a specific general formula. .
- Patent Document 1 describes that this photosensitive resin composition has good photosensitivity. Further, Patent Document 1 states that a film formed from this photosensitive resin composition has excellent flexibility, adhesion, pencil hardness, solvent resistance, acid resistance, heat resistance, gold plating resistance, etc. There is.
- the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and by using a specific phenol resin, a crosslinking agent, and a photosensitizer in combination in a positive photosensitive resin composition, it can be cured at low temperature while being They discovered that a cured product has excellent mechanical properties and, as a result, a resin film with excellent adhesion to a substrate can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
- a positive photosensitive resin composition used for a rewiring layer of a semiconductor device comprising:
- the photosensitive resin composition is (A) Phenol resin having a biphenol structure, (B) a crosslinking agent, and (C) a photosensitizer,
- a positive photosensitive resin composition is provided in which the cured product obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition at 180° C. has a tensile strength at break of 100 MPa or more.
- a cured film obtained by curing the above-mentioned positive photosensitive resin composition is provided.
- a semiconductor element A rewiring layer provided on the surface of the semiconductor element, the semiconductor device comprising: A semiconductor device is provided in which the insulating layer in the rewiring layer is composed of the cured film.
- a positive photosensitive resin composition having low temperature curability and a cured film with excellent mechanical strength obtained by curing the same are provided.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a semiconductor device in an embodiment.
- the numerical range "x to y" represents “x to y” and includes both the lower limit x and the upper limit y.
- “1 to 5% by mass” means “1 to 5% by mass”.
- similar components are denoted by common reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
- the figure is a schematic diagram and does not correspond to the actual dimensional ratio.
- alkyl group includes not only an alkyl group without a substituent (unsubstituted alkyl group) but also an alkyl group having a substituent (substituted alkyl group).
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment is a resin material used to form a rewiring layer of a semiconductor device.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment includes (A) a phenol resin, (B) a crosslinking agent, and (C) a photosensitizer,
- the phenol resin (A) is a phenol resin having a biphenol structure, in other words, a biphenyl type phenol resin.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment has a tensile strength at break of 100 MPa or more of a cured product obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition at 180°C.
- the present inventor conducted studies to improve the low-temperature curability of a positive photosensitive resin composition and to improve the mechanical strength of the resulting cured film.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition to include a specific component, the tensile strength at break of the cured product obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition at 180°C becomes 100 MPa or more. Therefore, it has been found that the above problem can be solved.
- Each component used in the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment will be explained below.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment contains a biphenyl type phenol resin (a1) as a phenol resin.
- a biphenyl-type phenolic resin (a1) from the viewpoint of improving curability at low temperatures and reliability of the cured film, a biphenyl-type phenolic resin having a structural unit having a biphenol skeleton represented by the following formula (2) is preferable. .
- R 41 and R 42 are each independently a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a carboxyl group, a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkyl ether having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a monovalent substituent selected from the group consisting of a saturated or unsaturated alicyclic group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, or an organic group having an aromatic structure having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; may be bonded via an ether bond, an amide bond, or a carbonyl bond, r and s are each independently an integer of 0 to 3, and Y 4 and Z 4 are each independently , an aliphatic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a single bond or an unsaturated bond, an alicyclic group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and an organic group having an aromatic structure having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Z 4 is selected from the group consisting of, and Z 4 is bonded to either one of the two benzene rings.
- the weight average molecular weight of the biphenyl-type phenolic resin (a1) is 12,000 or more, preferably 15 ,000 or more, more preferably 18,000 or more, still more preferably 20,000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the biphenyl type phenol resin (a1) is 500,000 or less, preferably 400,000 or less, more preferably 300,000 or less, from the viewpoint of maintaining appropriate solvent solubility. or less, more preferably 200,000 or less.
- the biphenyl-type phenolic resin (a1) having a structural unit represented by formula (2) can be obtained using the method described in JP 2018-155938A.
- the content of the biphenyl phenolic resin (a1) in the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment is determined based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition from the viewpoint of improving curability during low temperature curing.
- the content is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more.
- the content of the biphenyl type phenol resin (a1) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably 70% by mass based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition from the viewpoint of deterioration of toughness. or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, still more preferably 50% by mass or less.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment may further contain a phenol resin (a2) other than the above-mentioned biphenyl-type phenol resin (a1) from the viewpoint of improving curability at low temperatures and reliability of the cured film. good.
- a phenol resin (a2) specifically, a novolac type phenolic resin such as a phenol novolac resin, a cresol novolac resin, a bisphenol novolac resin, a phenol-biphenyl novolak resin, an allylated novolac type phenolic resin, a xylylene novolac type phenolic resin;
- Examples include reaction products of a phenol compound and an aldehyde compound, such as novolac type phenol resin, resol type phenol resin, and cresol novolak resin; and reaction products of a phenol compound, such as phenol aralkyl resin, and a dimethanol compound.
- the phenol resin (a2) is preferably a resin having a structure represented by the following formula (1) from the viewpoint of obtaining a low-temperature curable resin composition.
- n is preferably 6 or more, more preferably 10 or more, still more preferably 14 or more, from the viewpoint of improving curability at low temperatures. Further, from the viewpoint of solvent solubility, n is preferably 72 or less, more preferably 54 or less, and still more preferably 36 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the biphenyl type phenol resin (a2) is, for example, 500 or more, preferably 2000 or more, more preferably 3000 or more, and even more preferably is 4000 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the biphenyl type phenol resin (a2) is, from the viewpoint of solvent solubility, for example, 50,000 or less, preferably 20,000 or less, more preferably 15,000 or less, and even more preferably, 10,000 or less.
- the content is preferably determined based on the total solid content of the positive type photosensitive resin composition from the viewpoint of improving toughness during low temperature curing. is 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, still more preferably 15 parts by mass or more.
- the content of the biphenyl phenolic resin (a2) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is determined based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition, from the viewpoint of mechanical properties of the cured film obtained. Preferably it is 70 parts by mass or less, more preferably 60 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 50 parts by mass or less.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment may contain thermosetting resins other than the above-mentioned phenolic resins (a1) and (a2).
- thermosetting resins include phenol resins other than the above-mentioned biphenyl type phenol resins, hydroxystyrene resins, polyamide resins, polybenzoxazole resins, polyimide resins, and cyclic olefin resins.
- the content of the phenolic resin (A) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is determined based on the total solid content of the photosensitive resin composition, from the viewpoint of improving curability at low temperatures and reliability of the cured film. , preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 45% by mass or more, even more preferably 50% by mass or more, still more preferably 55% by mass or more. Further, from the viewpoint of improving chemical resistance and photosensitivity, the content of component (A) in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 95 parts by mass or less based on the total solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. It is more preferably 90% by mass or less, still more preferably 85% by mass or less.
- the phenol resin (A) is the total amount of phenol resins used in the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment, and the phenol resin (A) is the above-mentioned biphenyl type phenol resin (a1), and It consists of a phenolic resin (a2) used as necessary.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment includes a crosslinking agent (B) having a reactive group capable of crosslinking with the phenol resin (A).
- a crosslinking agent (B) a bifunctional or more functional urea resin crosslinking agent (b1) is preferably used.
- Examples of the difunctional or more functional urea resin crosslinking agent (b1) include di- to tetrafunctional alkoxymethylated glycoluril compounds.
- An alkoxymethylated glycoluril compound refers to a compound in which the hydrogen atom of the amino group of a glycoluril compound is substituted with an alkoxymethylol group.
- alkoxymethylated glycoluril examples include 1,3,4,6-tetrakis(methoxymethyl)glycoluril, 1,3,4,6-tetrakis(butoxymethyl)glycoluril, 1,3,4 , 6-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)glycoluril, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)urea, 1,1,3,3-tetrakis(butoxymethyl)urea, 1,1,3,3-tetrakis(methoxymethyl) Examples include urea, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolinone, and 1,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-imidazolinone.
- the crosslinking agent (B) contains other crosslinking agents (b2) in addition to the above-mentioned urea resin crosslinking agent (b1) having 22 or more functional groups, as long as the low-temperature curability of the positive photosensitive resin composition is not impaired. But that's fine.
- crosslinking agents (b2) include, for example, 1,2-benzenedimethanol, 1,3-benzenedimethanol, 1,4-benzenedimethanol (paraxylene glycol), 1,3,5-benzenedimethanol , 4,4-biphenyldimethanol, 2,6-pyridinedimethanol, 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)-p-cresol, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-dialkoxymethylphenol) and other methylols Compounds having groups; phenols such as phloroglucide; 1,4-bis(methoxymethyl)benzene, 1,3-bis(methoxymethyl)benzene, 4,4'-bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, 3,4'- Having an alkoxymethyl group such as bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, 3,3'-bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, methyl 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate, 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-dimethoxymethylphenol)
- the content of the bifunctional or higher urea resin crosslinking agent (b1) is determined based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition, from the viewpoint of improving the toughness during low temperature curing of the positive photosensitive resin composition. Preferably it is 50% by mass or more, more preferably 55% by mass or more, and still more preferably 60% by mass or more.
- the content of the bifunctional or more functional urea resin crosslinking agent (b1) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is determined from the viewpoint of maintaining thermomechanical properties during low temperature curing of the positive photosensitive resin composition. It is preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 85% by mass or less, still more preferably 80% by mass or less, based on the total solid content of the resin composition.
- the content of the crosslinking agent (B) in the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably determined based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition from the viewpoint of improving toughness during low temperature curing. is 50% by mass or more, more preferably 55% by mass or more, still more preferably 60% by mass or more.
- the content of the crosslinking agent (B) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably determined based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition from the viewpoint of maintaining thermomechanical properties during low temperature curing. is 90% by mass or less, more preferably 85% by mass or less, still more preferably 80% by mass or less.
- the crosslinking agent (B) consists of the above-mentioned bifunctional or more functional urea resin crosslinking agent (b1) and other crosslinking agents (b2) used as necessary.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment contains a photosensitizer (C) from the viewpoint of stably forming a cured film.
- the photosensitizer (C) is an acid generator that generates acid by absorbing thermal energy or light energy.
- the photosensitizer (C) is a thermal acid generator (c1) that generates acid by thermal energy or a photoacid generator (c2) that generates acid by light energy. Contains either or both.
- a sulfonium compound or a salt thereof is preferably used.
- the sulfonium compound or its salt is a sulfonium salt having a sulfonium ion as a cation moiety.
- the anion moiety of the sulfonium compound or its salt is specifically a sulfonate ion such as a boride ion, antimony ion, phosphorus ion, or trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, and from the viewpoint of improving the reaction rate at low temperature. , preferably a boride ion or an antimony ion, more preferably a boride ion. These anions may have a substituent.
- the sulfonium compound or its salt preferably includes a sulfonium salt represented by the following formula (4).
- R 2 is a monovalent organic group, and from the viewpoint of improving reactivity at low temperatures, it is preferably a chain or branched hydrocarbon group or a benzyl group that may have a substituent, and more preferably is a benzyl group which may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or a benzyl group whose aromatic ring portion may be substituted with a methyl group. It is the basis.
- R3 is a monovalent organic group, and from the viewpoint of improving reactivity at low temperatures, it is preferably a chain or branched hydrocarbon group, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is a methyl group.
- thermal acid generator (c1) include triphenylsulfonium salts such as triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
- naphthoquinonediazide compounds As the photoacid generator (c2), naphthoquinonediazide compounds, diarylsulfonium salts, triarylsulfonium salts, dialkylphenacylsulfonium salts, diaryliodonium salts, aryldiazonium salts, aromatic tetracarboxylic acid esters, aromatic sulfonic acid esters, Examples include nitrobenzyl ester, aromatic N-oximide sulfonate, aromatic sulfamide, benzoquinone diazosulfonic acid ester, and the like. Among these, naphthoquinone diazide compounds are preferred.
- the naphthoquinone diazide compound for example, a naphthoquinone diazide adduct of tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-ethyl-4-isopropylbenzene, a naphthoquinone diazide adduct of tetrahydroxybenzophenone, etc. can be used.
- the addition of naphthoquinonediazide can be produced, for example, by reacting o-quinonediazide sulfonyl chloride with a hydroxy compound or an amino compound.
- the content of the photosensitizer (C) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably 3 mass based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition. % or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, still more preferably 8% by mass or more. Further, the content of the photosensitizer (C) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably 20% by mass or less based on the total solid content of the photosensitive resin composition, from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in reliability. It is more preferably 18 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 16 parts by mass or less.
- the photosensitizer (C) consists of a thermal acid generator (c1) and/or a photoacid generator (c2).
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment preferably contains a combination of the above-mentioned thermal acid generator (c1) and photoacid generator (c2) as the photosensitizer (C). This improves the mechanical strength of the resulting cured product of the positive photosensitive resin composition.
- the photosensitive resin composition contains a combination of a thermal acid generator (c1) and a photoacid generator (c2), the thermal acid generator (c1): photoacid expressed as a compounding ratio converted to their mass ratio
- the amount of generator (c2) is, for example, 2:8 to 8:2, preferably 3:7 to 7:3, more preferably 4:6 to 6:4.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment preferably contains a flexible epoxy resin (D). Thereby, the cured product of this photosensitive resin composition can have tensile strength at break within a desired range.
- a flexible epoxy resin (D) an epoxy resin (d1) having an alkylene structure having an ether bond having 4 or more carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the flexible epoxy resin (d1) is a compound in which part or all of the epoxy resin has a flexible structure selected from an alkylene structure having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and an alkylene structure having an ether bond having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. It is preferable that Examples of such flexible epoxy resins (d1) include EXA-4850-150, EXA-4816, and EXA-4822 (epoxy resins containing an alkylene structure having an ether bond); manufactured by ADEKA; EP-4000S, EP-4000SS, EP-4003S, EP-4010S, and EP-4011S (epoxy resins containing an alkylene structure with an ether bond); BEO-60E and BPO-20E (with an ether bond); (Epoxy resin containing an alkylene structure having an ether bond); Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation YX7105, YX7110, and YX7400 (epoxy resin containing an alkylene structure having an ether bond), and YX7180 (phenoxy resin containing an al
- the content in the positive photosensitive resin composition is determined based on the total solid content of the positive photosensitive resin composition, from the viewpoint of improving toughness during low temperature curing.
- the content is preferably 3% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 10% by mass or more.
- the content of the flexible epoxy resin (d1) in the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably set relative to the total solid content of the photosensitive resin composition. is 60% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, still more preferably 40% by mass or less.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment may contain an epoxy resin (d2) other than the above-mentioned epoxy resin (d1).
- epoxy resins (d2) include bisphenol A phenoxy resin, bisphenol F phenoxy resin, bisphenol S phenoxy resin, bisphenolacetophenone phenoxy resin, novolak phenoxy resin, biphenyl phenoxy resin, fluorene phenoxy resin, Examples include cyclopentadiene type phenoxy resin, norbornene type phenoxy resin, naphthalene type phenoxy resin, anthracene type phenoxy resin, adamantane type phenoxy resin, terpene type phenoxy resin, and trimethylcyclohexane type phenoxy resin.
- adhesion aid (E) The positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment preferably contains an adhesion aid (E). Thereby, for example, adhesion to the substrate can be further improved.
- the adhesion aid (E) is not particularly limited.
- an amino group-containing silane coupling agent an epoxy group-containing silane coupling agent, a (meth)acryloyl group-containing silane coupling agent, a mercapto group-containing silane coupling agent, a vinyl group-containing silane coupling agent, a ureido group-containing silane cup
- a silane coupling agent such as a ring agent or a sulfide group-containing silane coupling agent can be used.
- a silane coupling agent one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- amino group-containing silane coupling agents include bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldiethoxy.
- Silane ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -amino Examples include propylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ (aminoethyl) ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and N-phenyl- ⁇ -amino-propyltrimethoxysilane.
- epoxy group-containing silane coupling agent examples include ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, ⁇ -(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidyl Examples include propyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of (meth)acryloyl group-containing silane coupling agents include ⁇ -((meth)acryloyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, ⁇ -((meth)acryloyloxypropyl)methyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -((meth) Examples include acryloyloxypropyl)methyldiethoxysilane.
- Examples of the mercapto group-containing silane coupling agent include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of the vinyl group-containing silane coupling agent include vinyltris( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of the ureido group-containing silane coupling agent include 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane.
- Examples of the sulfide group-containing silane coupling agent include bis(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)disulfide, bis(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)tetrasulfide, and the like.
- Examples of the acid anhydride-containing silane coupling agent include 3-trimethoxysilylpropylsuccinic anhydride, 3-triethoxysilylpropylsuccinic anhydride, 3-dimethylmethoxysilylpropylsuccinic anhydride, and the like.
- adhesion aids include not only silane coupling agents, but also titanium coupling agents, zirconium coupling agents, and the like.
- an adhesion aid When an adhesion aid is used, it may be used alone or two or more adhesion aids may be used in combination. When an adhesion aid is used, its content is preferably 0.3 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.4 to 12 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0.5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the phenolic resin (A). ⁇ 10 parts by mass.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment can contain a surfactant.
- a surfactant By including a surfactant, wettability during coating can be improved and a uniform resin film and cured film can be obtained.
- the surfactant include fluorine surfactants, silicone surfactants, alkyl surfactants, and acrylic surfactants.
- the surfactant preferably contains a surfactant containing at least one of a fluorine atom and a silicon atom. This contributes to obtaining a uniform resin film (improving coating properties), improving developability, and improving adhesive strength.
- a surfactant for example, a nonionic surfactant containing at least one of a fluorine atom and a silicon atom is preferable.
- F-251, F-253, F-281, F-430, F-477, F-551 of the "Megafac" series manufactured by DIC Corporation F-552, F-553, F-554, F-555, F-556, F-557, F-558, F-559, F-560, F-561, F-562, F-563, F- 565, F-568, F-569, F-570, F-572, F-574, F-575, F-576, R-40, R-40-LM, R-41, R-94, etc.
- Fluorine-containing oligomer structure surfactants fluorine-containing nonionic surfactants such as Ftergent 250 and Ftergent 251 manufactured by Neos Co., Ltd., SILFOAM (registered trademark) series manufactured by Wacker Chemie (for example, SD 100 TS) , SD 670, SD 850, SD 860, SD 882) and the like.
- the photosensitive resin composition can contain one or more surfactants.
- the amount thereof is, for example, 0.001 to 1 part by mass, preferably 0.005 to 0.5 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the phenolic resin (A). .
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment preferably contains a solvent. Thereby, a photosensitive resin film can be easily formed on the stepped substrate by a coating method.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment contains a solvent
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment is, for example, varnish-like.
- the solvent usually includes an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve or disperse each of the above-mentioned components and does not substantially chemically react with each component.
- organic solvents examples include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, propylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol 1-monomethyl ether 2-acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, and benzyl.
- examples include alcohol, propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl-n-propyl ether, butyl acetate, and ⁇ -butyrolactone. These may be used alone or in combination.
- the concentration of nonvolatile components in the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably 30 to 75% by mass, more preferably 35 to 70% by mass. By setting it as this range, each component can be fully dissolved or dispersed. In addition, good coating properties can be ensured, which in turn leads to improved flatness during spin coating. Furthermore, by adjusting the content of nonvolatile components, the viscosity of the positive photosensitive resin composition can be appropriately controlled.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment may contain components other than the above-mentioned components, if necessary.
- examples of such components include antioxidants, fillers such as silica, sensitizers, film-forming agents, and the like.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment has a tensile strength at break of 100 MPa or more of a cured product obtained by curing the positive photosensitive resin composition at 180°C. I can do it.
- the lower limit of the tensile breaking strength of the cured film of the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment is 100 MPa or more, preferably 105 MPa or more, more preferably 110 MPa, from the viewpoint of suppressing tensile brittle fracture. % or more.
- the upper limit of the tensile strength at break of the cured film is, for example, 200 MPa or less, preferably 180 MPa or less, and more preferably 150 MPa or less.
- the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present embodiment has a tensile elongation rate of a cured film of the positive photosensitive resin composition of 20% or more, as measured under Condition 1 below. can do.
- (Condition 1) (i) The positive photosensitive resin composition is cured at 200° C. for 180 minutes to form the cured film, and a 6.5 mm x 20 mm x 10 ⁇ m thick sample is prepared from the cured film. (ii) Based on JIS K7161, perform a tensile test on the sample at 23° C. and a test speed of 5 mm/min to determine the tensile elongation rate.
- the lower limit of the tensile elongation rate of the cured film of the positive photosensitive resin composition of this embodiment is 20% or more, preferably 25% or more, more preferably, from the viewpoint of suppressing brittle fracture. It is 30% or more, and even more preferably 40% or more.
- the upper limit of the tensile elongation rate of the cured film is 100% or less, preferably 190% or less, more preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably is 70% or less.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the cured product of the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably 200°C or higher, more preferably 220°C or higher, from the viewpoint of improving heat resistance. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of brittleness, the glass transition temperature of the cured product of the positive photosensitive resin composition is preferably 300°C or lower, more preferably 280°C or lower, and even more preferably 260°C or lower. .
- the Tg of the cured product of the positive photosensitive resin composition is measured using a thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) on a predetermined test piece (width 3 mm x length 10 mm x thickness 0.005 to 0.015 mm). It is calculated from the results of measurements conducted using the following conditions: a starting temperature of 30°C, a measurement temperature range of 30 to 440°C, and a heating rate of 10°C/min.
- TMA thermomechanical analyzer
- a resin film is obtained by curing the photosensitive resin composition in this embodiment.
- the resin film in this embodiment is a dried film or a cured film of a photosensitive resin composition. That is, the resin film is formed by drying or curing a photosensitive resin composition, preferably by making the photosensitive resin composition effective.
- This resin film is used to form a resin film for electronic devices, such as a permanent film or a resist. Among these, it is preferable to use it in applications using permanent films from the viewpoints of obtaining a resin film at low temperatures, excellent workability, and obtaining a resin film with excellent reliability.
- a resin film obtained using a photosensitive resin composition has excellent processability or reliability, which is required for a resin film useful for manufacturing electronic devices, etc. It is also possible to obtain.
- the permanent film is composed of a resin film obtained by pre-baking, exposing and developing a photosensitive resin composition, patterning it into a desired shape, and then curing it by post-baking.
- the permanent film can be used as a protective film for electronic devices such as a buffer coat film, an interlayer film such as an insulating film for rewiring, a dam material, and the like.
- a resist is made by applying a negative photosensitive resin composition to an object to be masked by the resist using a method such as spin coating, roll coating, flow coating, dip coating, spray coating, or doctor coating. It is composed of a resin film obtained by removing the solvent from a resin composition.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an electronic device having a resin film according to the present embodiment.
- the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 1 can be an electronic device including the resin film described above.
- one or more of the group consisting of the passivation film 32, the insulating layer 42, and the insulating layer 44 can be made of a resin film.
- the resin film is preferably the above-mentioned permanent film.
- the electronic device 100 is, for example, a semiconductor chip. In this case, for example, a semiconductor package can be obtained by mounting the electronic device 100 on a wiring board via the bumps 52.
- the electronic device 100 includes a semiconductor substrate provided with semiconductor elements such as transistors, and a multilayer wiring layer (not shown) provided on the semiconductor substrate.
- An interlayer insulating film 30 and an uppermost layer wiring 34 provided on the interlayer insulating film 30 are provided in the uppermost layer of the multilayer wiring layer.
- the uppermost layer wiring 34 is made of aluminum Al, for example.
- a passivation film 32 is provided on the interlayer insulating film 30 and the uppermost layer wiring 34. A part of the passivation film 32 is provided with an opening through which the uppermost layer wiring 34 is exposed.
- a rewiring layer 40 is provided on the passivation film 32.
- the rewiring layer 40 includes an insulating layer 42 provided on the passivation film 32, a rewiring 46 provided on the insulating layer 42, an insulating layer 44 provided on the insulating layer 42 and the rewiring 46, has.
- An opening connected to the uppermost layer wiring 34 is formed in the insulating layer 42 .
- the rewiring 46 is formed on the insulating layer 42 and in an opening provided in the insulating layer 42, and is connected to the uppermost layer wiring 34.
- the insulating layer 44 is provided with an opening connected to the rewiring 46 .
- a bump 52 is formed in the opening provided in the insulating layer 44 via, for example, a UBM (under bump metallurgy) layer 50.
- the electronic device 100 is connected to a wiring board or the like via bumps 52, for example.
- Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Example 1 A photosensitive resin composition was prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1. Specifically, first, each component formulated according to Table 1 was stirred and mixed in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then filtered through a polyethylene filter with a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m to obtain a varnish-like photosensitive resin composition. . Details of each component listed in Table 1 are shown below.
- Phenol resin (A)) (Biphenyl type phenolic resin (a1))
- phenolic resin a1-1) 186.2 g (1.00 mol) of 4,4'-biphenol and 86.2 g (1.00 mol) of p-cresol were placed in a four-neck glass round-bottomed flask equipped with a thermometer, stirrer, raw material inlet, and dry nitrogen gas inlet.
- Crosslinking agent (B) (Urea resin crosslinking agent (b1))
- ⁇ Crosslinking agent b1-1 1,3,4,6-tetrakis(methoxymethyl)glycoluril, manufactured by Daito Chemix Co., Ltd., CROLIN-318
- Crosslinking agent b1-2 1,3,4,6-tetrakis(butoxymethyl)glycoluril, manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Nikalac MX-279 Crosslinking agent b1-3: 1,3-bis(methoxymethyl)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-imidazolinone, manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd., Nikalac MX-280 (Epoxy resin crosslinking agent (b2))
- Crosslinking agent b2-1 Phenoxy type epoxy resin, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- Crosslinking agent b2-2 Epoxy resin (bisphenol A type phenoxy), manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, JER-1256 Crosslinking agent b2
- Thermal acid generator (c1) (Thermal acid generator (c1)) ⁇ Thermal acid generator c1-1: Compound represented by formula (c1-1) (SAN-AID SI-150, manufactured by Sankegaku Co., Ltd.) (Photoacid generator (c2)) ⁇ Photoacid generator c2-1: 3-diazo-3,4- of 4,4'-(1- ⁇ 4-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]phenyl ⁇ ethylidene)diphenol Dihydro-4-oxo-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid ester, manufactured by Daito Chemix Co., Ltd., DS-427,
- Adhesion aid 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., KBM-403E
- surfactant Fluorine surfactant, manufactured by 3M Japan, FC4432 (10% GBL) (solvent)
- Solvent 1 ⁇ -butyrolactone, manufactured by Sanwa Yuka Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Tg Glass transition temperature
- CTE coefficient of linear expansion
- a cured film of the photosensitive resin composition obtained in each example was produced at 180° C. for 120 minutes, and a test piece with a width of 3 mm x length of 10 mm x thickness of 10 mm was obtained from the obtained cured film.
- the test pieces of each example were analyzed using a thermomechanical analyzer (TMA, manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., SS6000) under conditions of a starting temperature of 30°C, a measurement temperature range of 30 to 440°C, and a heating rate of 10°C/min. Measurements were carried out, and from the measurement results, Tg (°C) and linear expansion coefficient (ppm/°C) in the temperature range of 50 to 100°C were determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the development time was adjusted so that the difference between the film thickness after pre-baking and the film thickness after development was 1.0 ⁇ m, and the puddle was applied twice.
- the exposed area was dissolved and removed by development, it was rinsed with pure water for 10 seconds.
- the resolution of the line pattern was evaluated using a pattern exposed with an energy of the minimum exposure amount + 100 mJ/cm 2 to form a pattern of 100 ⁇ m square via holes. Regarding the resolution, it was confirmed whether the openings were formed in a line pattern with an interval of 10 ⁇ m. Table 1 indicates that the opening is marked as "A", and the case of not opening is marked as "B".
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Abstract
Description
半導体装置の再配線層に用いられるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
当該感光性樹脂組成物は、
(A)ビフェノール構造を有するフェノール樹脂、
(B)架橋剤、および
(C)感光剤、を含み、
当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を180℃で硬化して得られる硬化物の引張破断強度は、100MPa以上である、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が提供される。
半導体素子と、
前記半導体素子の表面上に設けられた再配線層と、を備える半導体装置であって、
前記再配線層中の絶縁層が、上記硬化膜から構成される、半導体装置が提供される。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、半導体装置の再配線層を形成するために用いられる樹脂材料である。本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、(A)フェノール樹脂、(B)架橋剤、および(C)感光剤、を含み、
フェノール樹脂(A)は、ビフェノール構造を有するフェノール樹脂、換言すると、ビフェニル型フェノール樹脂である。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を180℃で硬化して得られる硬化物の引張破断強度が、100MPa以上である。
以下に、本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に用いられる各成分について説明する。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、フェノール樹脂として、ビフェニル型フェノール樹脂(a1)を含む。ビフェニル型フェノール樹脂(a1)としては、低温での硬化性および硬化膜の信頼性を向上する観点から、下記式(2)で表されるビフェノール骨格を有する構造単位を有するビフェニル型フェノール樹脂が好ましい。
フェノール樹脂(a2)として、具体的には、フェノールノボラック樹脂、クレゾールノボラック樹脂、ビスフェノールノボラック樹脂、フェノール-ビフェニルノボラック樹脂、アリル化ノボラック型フェノール樹脂、キシリレンノボラック型フェノール樹脂等のノボラック型フェノール樹脂;ノボラック型フェノール樹脂、レゾール型フェノール樹脂、クレゾールノボラック樹脂などのフェノール化合物とアルデヒド化合物との反応物;フェノールアラルキル樹脂などのフェノール化合物とジメタノール化合物との反応物が挙げられる。
また、溶剤溶解性の観点から、nは、好ましくは72以下であり、より好ましくは54以下、さらに好ましくは36以下である。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、上記フェノール樹脂(A)と架橋反応し得る反応性基を有する架橋剤(B)を含む。このような架橋剤(B)としては、2官能以上の尿素樹脂系架橋剤(b1)が好ましく用いられる。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、硬化膜を安定的に形成する観点から、感光剤(C)を含む。感光剤(C)は、具体的には、熱エネルギーまたは光エネルギーを吸収することにより酸を発生する酸発生剤である。低温での硬化性および耐薬性を向上する観点から、感光剤(C)は、熱エネルギーにより酸を発生する熱酸発生剤(c1)または光エネルギーにより酸を発生する光酸発生剤(c2)のいずれか、または両方を含む。
スルホニウム化合物またはその塩は、具体的には、カチオン部としてスルホニウムイオンを有するスルホニウム塩である。このとき、スルホニウム化合物またはその塩のアニオン部は、具体的には、ホウ化物イオン、アンチモンイオン、リンイオンまたはトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸イオン等のスルホン酸イオンであり、低温での反応速度を向上する観点から、好ましくはホウ化物イオンまたはアンチモンイオンであり、より好ましくはホウ化物イオンである。これらのアニオンは置換基を有してもよい。
R2は一価の有機基であり、低温での反応性を向上する観点から、好ましくは鎖状もしくは分岐鎖を有する炭化水素基または置換基を有してもよいベンジル基であり、より好ましくは炭素数1以上4以下のアルキル基で置換されてもよいベンジル基または炭素数1以上4以下のアルキル基であり、さらに好ましくはメチル基または芳香環部がメチル基で置換されてもよいベンジル基である。
R3は一価の有機基であり、低温での反応性を向上する観点から、好ましくは鎖状もしくは分岐鎖を有する炭化水素基であり、より好ましくは炭素数1以上4以下のアルキル基であり、より好ましくはメチル基である。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、柔軟性エポキシ樹脂(D)を含むことが好ましい。これにより、この感光性樹脂組成物の硬化物は、所望の範囲の引張破断強度を有し得る。柔軟性エポキシ樹脂(D)としては、炭素数4以上のエーテル結合を有するアルキレン構造を有するエポキシ樹脂(d1)が好ましく用いられる。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、密着助剤(E)を含むことが好ましい。これにより、例えば基板との密着性をより高めることができる。
シランカップリング剤を用いる場合、1種類を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
エポキシ基含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えばγ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、β-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、γ-グリシジルプロピルトリメトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリロイル基含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えばγ-((メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピル)トリメトキシシラン、γ-((メタ)アククリロイルオキシプロピル)メチルジメトキシシラン、γ-((メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピル)メチルジエトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
メルカプト基含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えば3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
ビニル基含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えばビニルトリス(β-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
ウレイド基含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えば3-ウレイドプロピルトリエトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
スルフィド基含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えばビス(3-(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(3-(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)テトラスルフィド等が挙げられる。
酸無水物含有シランカップリング剤としては、例えば3-トリメトキシシリルプロピルコハク酸無水物、3-トリエトキシシシリルプロピルコハク酸無水物、3-ジメチルメトキシシリルプロピルコハク酸無水物等が挙げられる。
密着助剤が用いられる場合、その含有量は、フェノール樹脂(A)100質量部に対し、好ましくは0.3~15質量部、より好ましく0.4~12質量部、さらに好ましくは0.5~10質量部である。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、界面活性剤を含むことができる。界面活性剤を含むことにより、塗工時における濡れ性を向上させ、均一な樹脂膜そして硬化膜を得ることができる。界面活性剤としては、フッ素系界面活性剤、シリコーン系界面活性剤、アルキル系界面活性剤、およびアクリル系界面活性剤等が挙げられる。
感光性樹脂組成物が界面活性剤を含む場合、その量は、フェノール樹脂(A)100質量部に対し、例えば0.001~1質量部、好ましくは0.005~0.5質量部である。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、好ましくは溶剤を含む。これにより、段差基板に対して塗布法により感光性樹脂膜を容易に形成することができる。本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が溶剤を含む場合、本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、例えばワニス状である。
溶剤は、通常、有機溶剤を含む。上述の各成分を溶解または分散可能で、かつ、各構成成分と実質的に化学反応しないものである限り、有機溶剤は特に限定されない。
ノブチルエーテルアセテート、ベンジルアルコール、プロピレンカーボネート、エチレングリコールジアセテート、プロピレングリコールジアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、ジプロプレングリコールメチルーn-プロピルエーテル、酢酸ブチル、γ-ブチロラクトン等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いられても複数組み合わせて用いられてもよい。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、上記の成分に加えて、必要に応じて、上掲の成分以外の成分を含んでもよい。そのような成分としては、例えば、酸化防止剤、シリカ等の充填材、増感剤、フィルム化剤等が挙げられる。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、上記成分を含むことにより、当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を180℃で硬化して得られる硬化物の引張破断強度を、100MPa以上とすることができる。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜の引張破断強度の下限値は、引脆性破壊を抑制する観点から、100MPa以上であり、好ましくは、105MPa以上であり、より好ましくは、110MPa%以上である。また硬化膜をより安定的に得る観点から、硬化膜の引張破断強度の上限値は、例えば、200MPa以下であり、好ましくは、180MPa以下であり、より好ましくは、150MPa以下である。
(条件1)
(i)当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を200℃、180分の条件で硬化して前記硬化膜を形成し、前記硬化膜から、6.5mm×20mm×10μm厚の試料を作製する。
(ii)JIS K7161に基づき、23℃、試験速度5mm/minの条件で前記試料の引張試験を実施して前記引張伸び率を求める。
本実施形態のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜の引張伸び率の下限値は、脆性破壊を抑制する観点から、20%以上であり、好ましくは、25%以上であり、より好ましくは、30%以上であり、さらにより好ましくは、40%以上である。また硬化膜をより安定的に得る観点から、硬化膜の引張伸び率の上限値は、100%以下であり、好ましくは、190%以下であり、より好ましくは、80%以下であり、さらに好ましくは、70%以下である。
本実施形態における感光性樹脂組成物を硬化することにより樹脂膜が得られる。また、本実施形態における樹脂膜は、感光性樹脂組成物の乾燥膜または硬化膜である。すなわち、樹脂膜は、感光性樹脂組成物を乾燥または硬化させてなり、好ましくは感光性樹脂組成物を効果させてなる。
この樹脂膜は、たとえば永久膜、レジストなどの電子装置用の樹脂膜を形成するために用いられる。これらの中でも、低温で樹脂膜が得られる観点、優れた加工性を有する観点、および、信頼性に優れる樹脂膜が得られる観点から、永久膜を用いる用途に用いられることが好ましい。
本実施形態によれば、たとえば、感光性樹脂組成物を用いて得られる樹脂膜について、電子装置等を作製するために有用な樹脂膜とする上で求められる、加工性または信頼性に優れる膜を得ることも可能となる。
図1に示した電子装置100は、上記樹脂膜を備える電子装置とすることができる。具体的には、電子装置100のうち、パッシベーション膜32、絶縁層42および絶縁層44からなる群の1つ以上を、樹脂膜とすることができる。ここで、樹脂膜は、上述した永久膜であることが好ましい。
表1に記載の配合にて感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。具体的には、まず、表1に従い配合された各成分を、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌混合後、孔径0.2μmのポリエチレン製フィルターで濾過することにより、ワニス状の感光性樹脂組成物を得た。表1に記載の各成分の詳細を以下に示す。
(ビフェニル型フェノール樹脂(a1))
・フェノール樹脂a1-1:以下の方法で製造した、式(a1-1)を有するビフェニル型フェノール樹脂、住友ベークライト社製、PR-X21024、Mw=45,000
(フェノール樹脂a1-1の製造)
温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口および乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のガラス製丸底フラスコ内に、4,4'-ビフェノール186.2g(1.00mol)と、p-クレゾール86.5g(0.8mol)とホルムアルデヒド28.5g(0.94mol)とp-トルエンスルホン酸15.5g(0.09mol)と、308gのγ-ブチロラクトンとを仕込んだ後、窒素を流しながらかかる丸底フラスコを、油浴中で反応液を還流させながら100℃で5.5時間の重縮合反応を行った。次に、得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、411gのアセトンを添加し均一になるまで撹拌混合した。その後、丸底フラスコ内にある反応液を水10Lに滴下混合することにより、樹脂成分を析出させた。次に、析出した樹脂成分を濾別して回収した後、60℃での真空乾燥を行うことにより、下記式(a1-1)で表されるフェノール樹脂を得た。得られたフェノール樹脂(a1-1)の重量平均分子量は、45,000であった。
(フェノール樹脂a1-1の製造)
温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口および乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のガラス製丸底フラスコ内に、4,4'-ビフェノール186.2g(1.00mol)と、p-クレゾール86.5g(0.8mol)とホルムアルデヒド24.0g(0.8mol)とシュウ酸・2水和物11.3g(0.09mol)と、308gのγ-ブチロラクトンとを仕込んだ後、窒素を流しながらかかる丸底フラスコを、油浴中で反応液を還流させながら100℃で6時間の重縮合反応を行った。次に、得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、411gのアセトンを添加し均一になるまで撹拌混合した。その後、丸底フラスコ内にある反応液を水10Lに滴下混合することにより、樹脂成分を析出させた。次に、析出した樹脂成分を濾別して回収した後、60℃での真空乾燥を行うことにより、下記式(a1-2)で表されるフェノール樹脂を得た。得られたフェノール樹脂(a1-2)の重量平均分子量は、11,000であった。
(尿素樹脂系架橋剤(b1))
・架橋剤b1-1:1,3,4,6-テトラキス(メトキシメチル)グリコールウリル、ダイトーケミックス社製、CROLIN-318
架橋剤b1-2:1,3,4,6-テトラキス(ブトキシメチル)グリコールウリル、株式会社三和ケミカル社製、ニカラック MX-279
架橋剤b1-3:1,3-ビス(メトキシメチル)-4,5-ジメトキシ-2-イミダゾリノン、株式会社三和ケミカル社製、ニカラック MX-280
(エポキシ樹脂系架橋剤(b2))
架橋剤b2-1:フェノキシ型エポキシ樹脂、三菱ケミカル社製、YX-7105
架橋剤b2-2:エポキシ樹脂(ビスフェノールA型フェノキシ)、三菱ケミカル株式会社社製、JER-1256
架橋剤b2-3:ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、株式会社大阪ソーダ社製、LX-01
(熱酸発生剤(c1))
・熱酸発生剤c1-1:式(c1-1)で表される化合物(三進化学株式会社製、サンエイド SI-150)
(光酸発生剤(c2))
・光酸発生剤c2-1:4,4'-(1-{4-[1-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-1-メチルエチル]フェニル}エチリデン)ジフェノールの3-ジアゾ-3,4-ジヒドロ-4-オキソ-1-ナフタレンスルホン酸エステル、ダイトーケミックス社製、DS-427、
・密着助剤1:3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、信越化学工業株式会社製、KBM-403E
・界面活性剤1:フッ素系界面活性剤、スリーエムジャパン社製、FC4432(10%GBL)
(溶媒)
・溶媒1:γ-ブチロラクトン、三和油化工業社製
上記で得た感光性樹脂組成物を、8インチシリコンウェハ上に、乾燥後の膜厚が10μmとなるようにスピンコートし、イナートオーブン(光洋サーモシステム社製、品番CLH-21CD-(V)-S)中、窒素雰囲気下、下記の温度設定および測定内部温度に従って熱処理することにより硬化した。硬化温度を表1に示す。
・180℃硬化:常温(30℃)→30分かけて180℃まで昇温→180℃で2時間維持→30分かけて常温に降温
各例で得られた感光性樹脂組成物を180℃、120分の条件で硬化して硬化膜を形成した。得られた硬化膜から、6.5mm×20mm×10μm厚の試験片を作製した。
試料の引張試験を、JIS K7161に基づき、オリエンテック社製引張試験機(テンシロンRTA-100)、23℃、試験速度5mm/minの条件で実施した。1つの試料について8回測定をおこない、その平均値(表1中「ave.」)を引張伸び率(%)とした。結果を表1に示す。
上述の試験片について、オリエンテック社製の引張試験機(テンシロンRTC-1210A)を用いて引張試験(延伸速度:5mm/分)を23℃雰囲気中で実施した。膜が破断した強度から膜強度(MPa)を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
各例で得られた感光性樹脂組成物の硬化膜を180℃、120分の条件で作製し、得られた硬化膜から幅3mm×長さ10mm×厚み10mmの試験片を得た。
各例の試験片に対し、熱機械分析装置(TMA、Seiko Instruments Inc社製、SS6000)を用いて、開始温度30℃、測定温度範囲30~440℃、昇温速度10℃/minの条件下で測定をおこない、測定結果より、Tg(℃)および50~100℃の温度領域の線膨張係数(ppm/℃)を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
上記で得られた感光性樹脂組成物を、それぞれ、8インチシリコンウエハ上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、ホットプレートにて100℃で4分間プリベークし、膜厚約6.0μmの塗膜を得た。この塗膜に凸版印刷社製マスク(テストチャートNo.1:幅0.88~50μmの残しパターン及び抜きパターンが描かれている)を通して、i線ステッパー(ニコン社製・NSR-4425i)を用いて、露光量を変化させて照射した。
次に、現像液として2.38%のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液を用い、プリベーク後の膜厚と現像後の膜厚の差が1.0μmになるように現像時間を調節して2回パドル現像を行うことによって露光部を溶解除去した後、純水で10秒間リンスした。100μmの正方形のビアホールのパターンが形成される最低露光量+100mJ/cm2のエネルギーで露光されたパターンにてラインパターンの解像度を評価した。解像度は、10μm間隔のラインパターンにて開口しているかを確認した。開口している場合は、「A」、開口していない場合は「B」として、表1に示す。
32 パッシベーション膜
34 最上層配線
40 再配線層
42、44 絶縁層
46 再配線
50 UBM層
52 バンプ
100 電子装置
Claims (11)
- 半導体装置の再配線層に用いられるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
当該感光性樹脂組成物は、
(A)ビフェノール構造を有するフェノール樹脂、
(B)架橋剤、および
(C)感光剤、を含み、
当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を180℃で硬化して得られる硬化物の引張破断強度は、100MPa以上である、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1に記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を180℃で硬化して得られる硬化物の引張伸び率は、20%以上である、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1または2に記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
当該ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を180℃で硬化して得られる硬化物のガラス転移温度は、200℃以上300℃以下である、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記(A)ビフェノール構造を有するフェノール樹脂の重量平均分子量は、12,000以上500,000以下である、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記(B)架橋剤は、1,3,4,6-テトラキス(メトキシメチル)グリコールウリルを含む、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
(D)柔軟性エポキシ樹脂をさらに含む、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項6に記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記(D)柔軟性エポキシ樹脂は、炭素数4以上のエーテル結合を有するアルキレン構造を有するエポキシ樹脂である、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
(E)密着助剤をさらに含む、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物であって、
前記(C)感光剤は、熱酸発生剤もしくは光酸発生剤、またはこれらの組み合わせを含む、ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。 - 請求項1乃至9のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化膜。
- 半導体素子と、
前記半導体素子の表面上に設けられた再配線層と、を備える半導体装置であって、
前記再配線層中の絶縁層が、請求項10に記載の硬化膜から構成される、半導体装置。
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