WO2023173739A1 - 电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023173739A1
WO2023173739A1 PCT/CN2022/126338 CN2022126338W WO2023173739A1 WO 2023173739 A1 WO2023173739 A1 WO 2023173739A1 CN 2022126338 W CN2022126338 W CN 2022126338W WO 2023173739 A1 WO2023173739 A1 WO 2023173739A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
assembly
battery
pressure relief
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/126338
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱文聪
李凡
陈智伟
陈朝海
冯炎强
Original Assignee
湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202220922718.6U external-priority patent/CN217589212U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210420095.7A external-priority patent/CN114865193A/zh
Application filed by 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 filed Critical 湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Priority to EP22817513.9A priority Critical patent/EP4276990A1/en
Priority to US18/002,816 priority patent/US20240120592A1/en
Publication of WO2023173739A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023173739A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of power batteries, such as battery packs and vehicles.
  • a battery pack includes a box and multiple battery modules located in the box.
  • the battery module includes multiple cells and a shell frame configured to encapsulate the multiple cells.
  • the battery modules are connected to the box through a unified boundary. body and other structures within the box. Since the battery module includes a shell frame and other structures, it has many parts, which increases the cost, takes up a large space, and reduces the energy density of the battery pack.
  • This application provides a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the battery packs in the battery pack are modularized into groups, simplifying the structure of the battery packs, reducing costs, and improving the energy density of the battery packs.
  • a battery pack including:
  • a side beam assembly is arranged on the outer periphery of the base plate assembly, the side beam assembly and the base plate assembly are surrounded by an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity includes at least one installation area;
  • At least one battery core group is installed in each installation area.
  • Each battery core group includes a plurality of battery cores, and the battery cores are fixedly arranged on the base plate assembly.
  • a frame component is further included, which is disposed in the accommodating cavity and configured to divide the accommodating cavity into at least one or two installation areas.
  • the frame assembly includes one or more first beams.
  • the plurality of first beams are arranged in parallel and spaced apart so that the accommodation cavity is divided into a plurality of first beams. the installation area.
  • the frame assembly further includes a longitudinal beam, the longitudinal beam and the first cross beam form a cross beam, and the cross beam is configured to divide the accommodation cavity into a plurality of installation areas.
  • the frame assembly includes a second beam that divides the accommodation cavity into a first area and a second area, and the at least two mounting areas are located on In the first area, the electrical components are provided in the second area.
  • a wire harness module is provided on the side of the battery core group away from the base plate assembly, and the wire harness module is electrically connected to the battery core group.
  • a liquid cooling plate is further included, and the liquid cooling plate is bonded to a side of the wire harness module facing away from the battery core group.
  • a support plate is provided on the second area
  • the base plate assembly includes an outer plate and an inner plate.
  • the outer plate and the inner plate form a first pressure relief chamber.
  • the cells in the cell group are blocked in a portion of the wall of the first pressure relief chamber. superior;
  • the support plate and the inner plate form a second pressure relief chamber, and another part of the cavity wall of the first pressure relief chamber is connected to the second pressure relief chamber;
  • the inner cavity of the side beam assembly forms a third pressure relief cavity, the second pressure relief cavity is connected to the third pressure relief cavity, and the side beam assembly is mounted with a pressure relief chamber that is connected to the third pressure relief cavity. Pressure relief valve.
  • the inner panel includes a carrier plate and a partition plate
  • the battery core is blocked on one side of the first through hole of the carrier plate
  • the partition plate and the support plate form the third Two pressure relief chambers, the first pressure relief chamber and the second pressure relief chamber are connected through the second through hole on the partition plate.
  • a filter plate is provided on the second through hole of the partition plate.
  • a separation wall is provided in the third pressure relief chamber, and the separation wall is configured to divide the third pressure relief chamber into a plurality of interconnected cavities.
  • a mounting base assembly is further included, and each battery core is mounted on the base plate assembly through the mounting base assembly.
  • the mounting base assembly includes a lower cover, the lower cover has a limiting groove configured to accommodate the battery core, and a connection portion is provided on a side of the lower cover away from the battery core.
  • the lower cover can be fixed to the base plate assembly through the connecting portion.
  • the lower cover includes a first glue storage tank, the first glue storage tank is configured to accommodate structural glue, and the battery core is bonded to the lower cover through the structural glue; and/ or
  • the lower cover includes a second glue storage tank, the second glue storage tank is configured to accommodate structural glue, and the lower cover is bonded to the base plate assembly through the structural glue.
  • the base plate assembly includes a bearing plate, and the lower cover is mounted on the bearing plate.
  • the first electrode and the second electrode of the battery core are located on the same side of the battery core.
  • the mounting base assembly further includes an upper cover disposed opposite to the lower cover. The upper cover covers The first electrode and the second electrode are provided on one side of the battery core, and the first electrode and the second electrode are exposed on the upper cover, and the exposed first electrode and The exposed second electrode is connected to the wire harness module included in the battery pack.
  • two adjacent upper covers can be snapped together.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle, including the above-mentioned battery pack.
  • This application provides a battery pack and vehicle.
  • Each battery cell is fixedly installed on the bottom plate component of the installation area.
  • Several battery cells installed in the same installation area form a battery core group.
  • the battery cells are grouped into modularized units, which reduces The number of components reduces the cost; reducing the volume increases the energy density of the battery pack.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a battery pack provided by a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of part of the battery pack from a perspective provided by the specific embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of position I in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of part of the battery pack from another perspective provided by the specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second side beam provided by a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic assembly diagram of a battery core and mounting base assembly provided by a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic assembly diagram of a battery pack and a corresponding number of mounting base assemblies provided by a specific embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of point II in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower cover from a perspective provided by the specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower cover from another perspective provided by the specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Mounting seat assembly 41. Upper cover; 411. First annular cylinder; 412. Second annular cylinder; 413. Connecting plate; 414. Baffle; 415. Second buckle; 416. Second slot; 42 , lower cover; 421, limit groove; 422, first buckle; 423, first glue storage tank; 424, second glue storage tank; 425, limit protrusion; 426, bottom plate; 427, side plate;
  • Cell group 91. Cell; 911. First electrode; 912. Second electrode;
  • M first area
  • N second area
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components or an interaction between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two components or an interaction between two components.
  • a first feature “above” or “below” a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or it may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature. Not in direct contact but through additional characteristic contact between them.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “under” and “under” the first feature is the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • This embodiment provides a vehicle, including a battery pack.
  • this embodiment also provides a battery pack.
  • the battery pack includes a base plate assembly 1, a side beam assembly 2 and a plurality of battery cell groups 9.
  • the side beam assembly 2 is located on the outer periphery of the base plate assembly 1.
  • the side beam assembly 2 and The bottom plate assembly 1 is surrounded by an accommodation cavity, and the accommodation cavity includes at least one installation area; at least one battery core group 9 is provided, and the number of battery core groups 9 corresponds to the number of installation areas, and each installation area is equipped with batteries.
  • each battery cell group 9 includes a plurality of battery cells 91, and the battery cores 91 are fixedly arranged on the base plate assembly 1.
  • Each battery core 91 is fixedly arranged on the base plate assembly 1 in the installation area. Multiple battery cores 91 installed in the same installation area form a battery core group 9.
  • the battery cores 91 are de-modulated into groups, reducing the number of components and reducing the cost. Cost; reducing the size and improving the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack includes one or more battery packs 9 . This embodiment does not limit the number of battery packs 9 .
  • the battery pack also includes a top plate assembly 5.
  • the top plate assembly 5 is located on the side of the side beam assembly 2 away from the bottom plate assembly 1.
  • the battery pack 9 is located between the top plate assembly 5 and the bottom plate assembly 1.
  • the bottom plate assembly 1 and the side beam assembly 2 are connected to form a battery box. Sealing strips 110 are respectively provided between the top plate assembly 5 and the side rail assembly 2 and between the bottom plate assembly 1 and the side rail assembly 2 to seal the battery box.
  • the battery pack also includes a frame assembly 10.
  • the frame assembly 10 is disposed in the accommodation cavity and divides the accommodation cavity into at least two installation areas.
  • the frame assembly 10 is provided for separation to avoid interference between different areas.
  • the structures interact with each other, and the frame assembly 10 is arranged in the battery box, which improves the structural strength of the battery box.
  • the battery pack also includes electrical components.
  • the frame assembly 10 includes a second beam 103.
  • the second beam 103 divides the accommodation cavity into a first area M and a second area N, at least two installation areas. It is located in the first area M, and the electrical components are located in the second area N.
  • the second area N is located at the front end of the first area M.
  • the second beam 103 separates the battery core group 9 and the electrical components to prevent the battery core 91 from running out of control. Destroying electrical components affects control systems, etc.
  • the frame assembly 10 includes one or more first cross beams 101.
  • first cross beam 101 When one first cross beam 101 is provided, the accommodation cavity is divided into two installation areas; when there are multiple first cross beams 101
  • a plurality of first cross beams 101 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart so that the accommodation cavity is divided into multiple installation areas to prevent the battery core 91 in one battery core group 9 from damaging other battery core groups 9 when thermal runaway occurs.
  • a crossbeam 101 separates the first area M into a plurality of installation areas arranged along a row or a column; the first crossbeam 101 and the second crossbeam 103 can be arranged in parallel, perpendicularly, or at other angles. In this implementation This example does not limit this.
  • the frame assembly 10 also includes a longitudinal beam 102.
  • the longitudinal beam 102 and the first cross beam 101 form a cross beam, and the cross beam divides the accommodation cavity into multiple installation areas.
  • the cross beam divides the first area M into four installation areas, thereby improving the structural strength.
  • multiple cross beams may be provided, and the first area M may be divided into eight or more installation areas; the cross beam structure improves the structural strength of the battery box.
  • the first crossbeam 101 is connected to the base plate assembly 1 and the side beam assembly 2 through the fixing member 83, which improves the structural strength;
  • the fixing member 83 can be a combination of a long screw and a nut, and the long screw passes through the base plate assembly. 1 and the first cross beam 101, the nut abuts against the side of the base plate assembly 1 facing away from the first cross beam 101.
  • the longitudinal beam 102 and the second cross beam 103 can also be connected to the floor assembly 1 through the fixing member 83.
  • the battery pack also includes a wire harness module 7 located on the side of the battery pack 9 away from the base plate assembly 1.
  • the wire harness module 7 is electrically connected to the battery pack 9.
  • the wire harness module 7 includes a busbar, etc. Rows of adjacent cells 91 are connected to achieve series or parallel connection.
  • the battery pack also includes a liquid cooling plate 6, which is configured to cool the battery core 91.
  • the liquid cooling plate 6 is located on the side of the battery core group 9 away from the base plate assembly 1, that is, the liquid cooling plate 6 is located on the battery core 91. At the top of the battery core 91, due to the better heat conduction effect in the height direction, the cooling effect is improved.
  • the liquid cooling plate 6 is a whole plate and is disposed on top of multiple battery packs 9 and electrical components to simplify the structure and facilitate assembly; in one embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 6 is disposed in the battery box. , its shape is adapted to the shape of the base plate assembly 1. The liquid cooling plate 6 is bonded to the side of the wiring harness module 7 away from the battery pack 9, which increases the rigidity and strength of the battery pack.
  • the accommodation cavity is divided into a first area M and a second area N.
  • the first area M includes a plurality of installation areas.
  • the second area N is provided with a support plate 3.
  • the base plate assembly 1 includes The outer plate 11 and the inner plate 12 form a first pressure relief chamber 1A.
  • the cells 91 in the cell group 9 are blocked on a part of the wall of the first pressure relief chamber 1A; the support plate 3
  • a second pressure relief chamber 3A is formed with the inner panel 12, and another part of the cavity wall of the first pressure relief chamber 1A is connected with the second pressure relief chamber 3A;
  • the pressure chamber 3A communicates with the third pressure relief chamber 2A, and the side beam assembly 2 is equipped with a pressure relief valve 100 that communicates with the third pressure relief chamber 2A.
  • the high-temperature material ejected by the thermally runaway battery core 91 spreads in the first pressure relief chamber 1A, and the first pressure relief layer formed by the first pressure relief chamber 1A is in contact with the first pressure relief layer.
  • the battery core layer where the battery core 91 is located is separated to ensure that other battery cores 91 on the upper layer of the inner plate 12 will not be affected during pressure relief, and other battery cores 91 will not be affected; the first pressure relief chamber 1A, the second pressure relief chamber 3A,
  • the third pressure relief chamber 2A forms a pressure relief channel. After the high-temperature material passes through the channel, the pressure is released through the pressure relief valve 100 .
  • the high-temperature material passes through the first pressure relief chamber 1A, the second pressure relief chamber 3A, and the third pressure relief chamber 2A.
  • the three pressure relief chamber structures will take away a large amount of heat respectively, forming three times of cooling.
  • the high-temperature material reaches the box pressure relief valve. At the 100 position, it is already lower than the ignition point, achieving the effect of never catching fire, which is better safe and reliable.
  • the inner panel 12 includes a carrier plate 121 and a partition plate.
  • the battery core 91 is blocked on one side of the first through hole 1211 of the carrier plate 121 .
  • the high-temperature material ejected by the battery core 91 that undergoes thermal runaway passes through the first through hole 1211 .
  • a through hole 1211 enters the first pressure relief chamber 1A and spreads to separate the first pressure relief chamber 1A from other cells 91 in the cell group 9.
  • the cell 91 is a cylindrical cell.
  • the first through hole 1211 is a circular hole, and the bottom area of the cylindrical battery core is not less than the cross-sectional area of the first through hole 1211 to ensure that high-temperature substances enter the first pressure relief chamber 1A as much as possible to avoid leakage and affect other battery cells 91;
  • the carrier plate 121 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 1211, and the plurality of first through holes 1211 are arranged in multiple rows or a matrix, so that the carrier plate 121 is a honeycomb panel.
  • the battery core 91 may also be a square battery core, etc., and the structures of the carrier plate 121 and the first through hole 1211 may be configured accordingly, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the partition plate 122 and the support plate 3 form a second pressure relief chamber 3A.
  • the first pressure relief chamber 1A and the second pressure relief chamber 3A are connected through the second through hole on the partition plate 122 .
  • the second through hole of the partition plate 122 is provided with a filter plate.
  • the filter plate is provided with many small holes to prevent large particulate matter from entering the second pressure relief chamber 3A, and to prevent high-temperature substances ejected from the battery core 91 from blocking the pressure relief channel, resulting in failure in pressure relief, and high-temperature substances passing through the filter plate. Carry out filtration, and the filter plate can be replaced regularly later.
  • a phase change material layer is attached to the filter plate, and the phase change material layer can reduce the temperature of high-temperature substances.
  • the outer plate 11 is a steel plate, which has a high melting point, is not easy to melt, and can cool down high-temperature substances.
  • a separation wall 21 is provided in the third pressure relief chamber 2A, so that the third pressure relief chamber 2A includes a plurality of interconnected cavities, and multiple separation walls 21 can be arranged in parallel and spaced apart to form an S-shaped cavity; Or multiple isolation walls 21 are provided at intervals, and the isolation walls 21 can have angles between them to form multiple cavities, with holes opening on the isolation walls 21, and the cavities are connected to each other; or multiple isolation walls 21 of different shapes are provided,
  • the third pressure relief chamber 2A forms a "maze" cavity structure and a separation wall in a shape such as T-shape, L-shape, multiple continuous L-shapes, cross-shapes, concave shapes, or a combination of shapes.
  • the structural shape and splicing shape of 21 can refer to related technologies to form a labyrinth of simple shape or complex shape, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the side beam assembly 2 includes a first side beam 22 and a second side beam 23 symmetrically connected to both ends of the first side beam 22.
  • the beam 23 is provided with a pressure relief hole 2311.
  • the second pressure relief chamber 3A and the third pressure relief chamber 2A are connected through the pressure relief hole 2311.
  • Pressure relief holes 2311 are provided on the two symmetrical second side beams 23, and high-temperature substances can pass through the two symmetrical second side beams 23.
  • a second side beam 23 is output to both sides to disperse high-temperature substances and help reduce the temperature.
  • the second side beam 23 has an L-shaped cross-section and includes interconnected horizontal side beams 231 and vertical side beams 232.
  • the horizontal side beams 231 are located in the second area N, and the second pressure relief chamber 3A is connected to the horizontal side beam 231.
  • the side beams 231 are connected, and by setting the L-shaped side beam assembly 2, the length of the third pressure relief chamber 2A is extended.
  • the horizontal side beam 231 is provided with a plurality of cavities arranged in the horizontal direction
  • the vertical side beam 232 is provided with a plurality of cavities arranged in the vertical direction
  • the partition wall 21 is provided with openings to allow The cavities are connected.
  • the two second side beams 23 are symmetrical along the symmetry plane.
  • Two pressure relief valves 100 are provided.
  • the two pressure relief valves 100 are installed on the side of the side beam assembly 2 on the side of the first area M away from the second area N to extend the high temperature. Material transportation path, and the two pressure relief valves 100 are symmetrical along the symmetry plane, that is, the two side beams 23 and the two pressure relief valves 100 are symmetrical along the same symmetry plane, reducing the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief valves 100 and improving reliability. sex.
  • the side beam assembly 2 also includes a fourth side beam 25 parallel to the first side beam 22, and a third side beam 24 connecting the second side beam 23 and the fourth side beam 25.
  • the pressure relief valve 100 is installed On the fourth side beam 25, the output path of the high-temperature material in the third pressure relief chamber 2A is the second side beam 23, the third side beam 24, the fourth side beam 25 and the pressure relief valve 100 on the corresponding side.
  • the battery box also includes a mounting bar 81 and a fastener 82.
  • the fastener 82 passes through the mounting bar 81, the bottom plate assembly 1 and the side beam assembly 2 in sequence, so that the mounting bar 81, the bottom plate assembly 1 and the side beam assembly Beam component 2 connection.
  • the battery pack also includes a mounting base assembly 4.
  • Each cell 91 in the cell group 9 is mounted on the base plate assembly 1 through the mounting base assembly 4.
  • the cells 91 can be grouped into groups. Splicing, strong compatibility and easy installation. Multiple battery cells 91 can be spliced on the base plate assembly 1 through the mounting base assembly 4.
  • the number of battery cells 91 and the mounting base assembly 4 can be adaptively set according to the capacity of the battery pack and the size and shape of the base plate assembly 1. The strings can be matched at will. Parallel connection and grouping are more flexible and more compatible.
  • the mounting base assembly 4 includes a lower cover 42.
  • the lower cover 42 has a limiting groove 421 configured to accommodate the battery core 91.
  • the battery core 91 is fixed in the limiting groove 421 and is configured as the battery core 91. Positioning to improve positioning accuracy.
  • the lower cover 42 is provided with a connection portion on the side away from the battery core 91.
  • the lower cover 42 can be fixed to the base plate assembly 1 through the connection portion, thereby improving the connection reliability between the battery core 91 and the base plate assembly 1.
  • the lower cover 42 has a small structural volume. It is easy to make and install and saves costs.
  • the battery pack also includes a wire harness module 7.
  • the first electrode 911 and the second electrode 912 of the battery core 91 are located on the same side of the battery core 91.
  • the mounting base assembly 4 also includes a lower
  • the upper cover 41 is arranged opposite to the cover 42.
  • the upper cover 41 covers the side of the battery core 91 provided with the first electrode 911 and the second electrode 912, and the first electrode 911 and the second electrode 912 are exposed to the upper cover 41.
  • the first electrode 911 and the exposed second electrode 912 are connected to the wire harness module 7 .
  • the two ends of the battery core 91 are connected to the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42 respectively.
  • the battery core 91 is installed behind the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42 to form a battery core assembly, which has a simple structure and is easy to assemble.
  • the battery core group 9 includes multiple battery cores 91
  • multiple mounting base assemblies 4 with the same number as the battery cores 91 are provided at the same time to form multiple battery core assemblies, which are then fixed on the base plate assembly 1 through the lower cover 42 , improving connection reliability.
  • the battery cell assembly can be spliced, and the mounting base assembly 4 is set according to the number of cells 91 in the battery cell group 9. It can be connected in series and parallel at will, which has stronger compatibility and is easy to install.
  • the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42 can be made according to the model of the battery core 91.
  • the same type of battery core 91 uses the same type of upper cover 41 and lower cover 42, which enables mass production, reducing costs and shortening the construction period.
  • the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42 are configured to protect the battery core 91
  • the upper cover 41 and the lower cover 42 are configured to limit the position of the battery core 91 to improve the reliability of installation in the battery box.
  • the upper cover 41 is a plastic cover
  • the lower cover 42 is a plastic seat, which has an insulating effect to prevent short circuits between different cells 91 and improve safety and reliability.
  • the first electrode 911 is a negative electrode and the second electrode 912 is a positive electrode.
  • the first electrode 911 can be a positive electrode and the second electrode 912 can be a negative electrode.
  • the upper cover 41 includes a first annular cylinder 411 and a second annular cylinder 412 connected to one end of the first annular cylinder 411.
  • the first annular cylinder 411 is sleeved Disposed on the outer periphery of the battery core 91 , the first annular cylinder 411 is configured to circumferentially limit the battery core 91 , and the second annular cylinder 412 is sleeved on the second electrode 912 to prevent the first electrode 911 of the same battery core 91 from being blocked.
  • a short circuit occurs between the first electrode 911 and the second electrode 912 , the first electrode 911 is exposed at the mouth of the first annular cylinder 411 , and the second electrode 912 is exposed at the mouth of the second annular cylinder 412 .
  • a short circuit occurs when the wire harness module 7 is connected to the electrodes of the battery core 91.
  • the battery core 91 is a cylindrical battery core.
  • the inner wall of the first annular cylinder 411 is circular.
  • the shape of the inner wall of the first annular cylinder 411 matches the shape of the cylindrical battery core to improve connection reliability and prevent shaking; when the battery core 91 In other shapes, the shape of the inner wall of the first annular cylinder 411 is adaptively set according to the outer shape of the battery core 91 .
  • the second electrode 912 is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the second annular barrel 412 is annular.
  • the end of the first annular barrel 411 is provided with a baffle 414, which is configured to limit the direction of the battery core 91 relative to the lower cover 42.
  • the battery core 91 is a cylindrical battery core
  • the baffle 414 is configured to limit the position of the battery core 91 relative to the lower cover 42.
  • the plate 414 is configured to axially limit the battery core 91.
  • the second annular cylinder 412 is connected to the baffle 414 through the connecting plate 413.
  • the connecting plate 413 and the baffle 414 can abut part of the first electrode 911, allowing the other part of the first electrode 911 to axially limit.
  • One electrode 911 is exposed.
  • Two adjacent upper covers 41 can be snap-connected to improve the connection reliability between different battery core assemblies, thereby improving the connection reliability of different battery cores 91 in the same battery core group 9 .
  • the first annular cylinder 411 is provided with a second buckle 415 and a second groove 416 in the circumferential direction.
  • the second buckle 415 of the first upper cover 41 can engage with the second buckle 415 of the adjacent upper cover 41 .
  • 416 is engaged with each other, and the second slot 416 of the first upper cover 41 can be engaged with the second buckle 415 of the adjacent upper cover 41 .
  • Adjacent battery cores 91 are detachably connected through their respective upper covers 41, which improves the reliability of connection between different battery cores 91 and prevents short circuits.
  • the second buckle 415 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the first annular barrel 411 in the radial direction, and the second locking groove 416 is recessed in the circumferential surface of the first annular barrel 411 in the radial direction.
  • the second buckle 415 and the second buckle 416 are arranged oppositely.
  • the second buckle 415 and the second slot 416 are arranged opposite to the two adjacent battery cores 91 on the left and right in the same row.
  • the upper covers 41 are connected respectively, which improves the connection reliability of the same row of battery cores 91 .
  • a pair of second buckles 415 and a second slot 416 can be provided; two pairs of second buckles 415 and second slots 416 can also be provided, with the second buckles 415 and the second slots 416 being oppositely arranged so that they are in the same row.
  • Two adjacent battery cores 91 are connected through the upper cover 41, and at the same time, two adjacent battery cores 91 in the same row can be connected through the upper cover 41, thereby improving the connection reliability between multiple rows and columns of battery cores 91. .
  • More than three pairs of second buckles 415 and second slots 416 may also be provided.
  • the outer peripheral cross-sectional shape of the upper cover 41 is hexagonal, and three pairs of second buckles 415 and second slots 416 are provided on the outer periphery to engage with the adjacent upper cover 41.
  • the six sides of the upper cover 41 are connected to adjacent upper covers 41, thereby increasing the installation density.
  • one of the lower cover 42 and the bottom plate assembly 1 is provided with a first buckle 422, and the other is provided with a first buckle, and the first buckle 422 is engaged with the first buckle.
  • the connection reliability between the lower cover 42 and the base plate assembly 1 is improved, thereby improving the connection reliability of the battery core 91 in the battery box.
  • the detachable connection facilitates disassembly and assembly.
  • the first buckle 422 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower cover 42
  • the bottom plate assembly 1 is provided with a first buckle
  • the first buckle 422 on the lower cover 42 is in contact with the first buckle 422.
  • the card slot is snap-fitted for easy insertion into the base plate assembly 1 for installation.
  • the base plate assembly 1 includes a bearing plate 121, and the lower cover 42 is installed on the bearing plate 121.
  • the bottom of the limiting groove 421 has an open space, and the battery core 91 can communicate with the first pressure relief chamber 1A;
  • the carrier plate 121 is a honeycomb plate, and the first groove ring is provided on the outer periphery of the first through hole 1211.
  • the inner wall of the limiting groove 421 is provided with a first glue storage groove 423; after the first glue storage groove 423 is filled with structural glue, the battery core 91 is bonded in the limiting groove 421, so that the gap between the battery core 91 and the lower cover 42 is The installation is more reliable.
  • the first glue storage tank 423 is opened on the bottom wall of the limiting slot 421 .
  • a second glue storage tank 424 is provided on the side of the lower cover 42 away from the battery core 91. When the second glue storage tank 424 is filled with structural glue, it can bond the lower cover 42 and the base plate assembly 1, so that the lower cover 42 and the base plate assembly 1 can be bonded together.
  • the base plate components 1 are installed more firmly.
  • the second glue storage tank 424 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower cover 42 .
  • a second glue storage tank 424 is provided on the lower cover 42, and structural glue is driven in, so that the lower cover 42 is bonded to the load-bearing plate 121, and the lower cover 42 and the load-bearing plate 121 are fixed more firmly.
  • the load-bearing plate 121 may be provided with an accommodating slot, and the lower cover 42 is disposed in the accommodating slot.
  • the accommodating slot can limit the position of the lower cover 42 and the battery core 91 on the lower cover 42.
  • the first clamping slot and the first buckle and other structures are configured adaptively, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the lower cover 42 includes a bottom plate 426 and a plurality of side plates 427 connected to the outer periphery of the bottom plate 426.
  • the plurality of side plates 427 are spaced apart, and the bottom plate 426 and the plurality of side plates 427 form a limiting groove 421.
  • the weight of the lower cover 42 is reduced.
  • the side plate 427 is provided with a limiting protrusion 425 on its outer circumferential surface, and the side surfaces of the limiting protrusions 425 of two adjacent lower covers 42 are raised to each other, and can be configured as circumferential limiting.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池包及车辆。所述电池包包括底板组件、边梁组件和至少一个电芯组，边梁组件设于底板组件外周，边梁组件和底板组件围设成容置腔，容置腔包括至少一个安装区；每个安装区安装有电芯组，每个电芯组包括多个电芯，电芯固定设置于底板组件上。本申请的电池包及车辆，每个电芯固定设置在安装区的底板组件上，安装在同一安装区的若干电芯形成一个电芯组，电芯成组去模组化，减少部件数量，降低了成本；减小体积，提高了电池包的能量密度。

Description

电池包及车辆
本申请要求在2022年04月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210420095.7的中国专利申请的优先权，要求在2022年04月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为202220922718.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及动力电池技术领域，例如涉及电池包及车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，电池包包括箱体和设于箱体内的多个电池模组，电池模组包括多个电芯和设置为封装多个电芯的外壳框架，电池模组通过统一的边界与箱体及箱体内的其他结构进行连接。由于电池模组包括外壳框架等结构，导致零部件众多，提高了成本，且占用较大空间，降低了电池包的能量密度。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池包及车辆，电池包内的电芯组去模组化成组，简化电芯组的结构，降低成本，提高电池包的能量密度。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池包，包括：
底板组件；
边梁组件，所述边梁组件设于所述底板组件外周，所述边梁组件和所述底板组件围设成容置腔，所述容置腔包括至少一个安装区；
至少一个电芯组，每个安装区安装有所述电芯组，每个电芯组包括多个电芯，所述电芯固定设置于所述底板组件上。
在一实施例中，还包括框架组件，设于所述容置腔内，设置为将所述容置腔分隔为至少一两个安装区。
在一实施例中，所述框架组件包括一个或多个第一横梁，当所述第一横梁的数量为多个时，多个第一横梁平行间隔设置使得所述容置腔被分隔为多个所述安装区。
在一实施例中，所述框架组件还包括纵梁，所述纵梁和所述第一横梁形成十字梁，所述十字梁设置为将所述容置腔分隔为多个安装区。
在一实施例中，还包括电气元件，所述框架组件包括第二横梁，所述第二横梁将所述容置腔分隔为第一区域和第二区域，所述至少两个安装区设于所述第一区域，所述电气元件设于所述第二区域。
在一实施例中，还包括设于所述电芯组背离所述底板组件一侧的线束模组，所述线束模组电连接于所述电芯组。
在一实施例中，还包括液冷板，所述液冷板粘接于所述线束模组背离所述电芯组的一侧。
在一实施例中，当所述容置腔被分为第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域包括多个安装区时，所述第二区域上设有支撑板；
所述底板组件包括外板和内板，所述外板和所述内板形成第一泄压腔，所述电芯组内的电芯封堵在所述第一泄压腔的一部分腔壁上；
所述支撑板与所述内板形成第二泄压腔，所述第一泄压腔的另一部分腔壁上和所述第二泄压腔连通；
所述边梁组件的内腔形成第三泄压腔，所述第二泄压腔与所述第三泄压腔连通，所述边梁组件上安装有与所述第三泄压腔连通的泄压阀。
在一实施例中，所述内板包括承载板和间隔板，所述电芯封堵于所述承载板的第一通孔的一侧，所述间隔板与所述支撑板形成所述第二泄压腔，所述第一泄压腔和所述第二泄压腔通过所述间隔板上的第二通孔连通。
在一实施例中，所述间隔板的第二通孔上设有滤网板。
在一实施例中，所述第三泄压腔内设有隔离墙，所述隔离墙设置为将所述第三泄压腔间隔设置为多个相互连通的腔体。
在一实施例中，还包括安装座组件，每个电芯通过所述安装座组件安装于所述底板组件上。
在一实施例中，所述安装座组件包括下盖，所述下盖具有设置为容置所述电芯的限位槽，所述下盖背离所述电芯的一侧设有连接部，所述下盖能够通过所述连接部固定于底板组件。
在一实施例中，所述下盖包括第一储胶槽，所述第一储胶槽设置为容置结构胶，所述电芯通过所述结构胶粘接于所述下盖；和/或
所述下盖包括第二储胶槽，所述第二储胶槽设置为容置结构胶，所述下盖通过所述结构胶粘接于所述底板组件。
在一实施例中，所述底板组件包括承载板，所述下盖安装于所述承载板上。
在一实施例中，所述电芯的第一电极和第二电极位于所述电芯的同一侧，所述安装座组件还包括与所述下盖相对设置的上盖，所述上盖罩设在所述电芯设有所述第一电极和所述第二电极的一侧，且所述第一电极和所述第二电极裸露于所述上盖，裸露的所述第一电极和裸露的所述第二电极与所述电池包包括的线束模组连接。
在一实施例中，相邻两个所述上盖能够卡接。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种车辆，包括上述的电池包。
本申请的有益效果：
本申请提供的一种电池包及车辆，每个电芯固定设置在安装区的底板组件上，安装在同一安装区的若干电芯形成一个电芯组，电芯成组去模组化，减少部件数量，降低了成本；减小体积，提高了电池包的能量密度。
附图说明
图1是本申请的具体实施方式提供的一种电池包的爆炸图；
图2是本申请的具体实施方式提供的一种视角下部分电池包的结构示意图；
图3是图2的A-A剖视图；
图4是图3的Ⅰ处放大图；
图5是本申请的具体实施方式提供的另一种视角下部分电池包的结构示意图；
图6是本申请的具体实施方式提供的一种第二边梁的结构示意图；
图7是本申请的具体实施方式提供的一种电芯与安装座组件的组装示意图；
图8是本申请的具体实施方式提供的一种电芯组与相应数量的安装座组件的组装示意图；
图9是图8的Ⅱ处放大图；
图10是本申请的具体实施方式提供的一种视角下下盖的结构示意图；
图11是本申请的具体实施方式提供的另一种视角下下盖的结构示意图。
图中：
1、底板组件；11、外板；12、内板；121、承载板；1211、第一通孔；122、间隔板；1A、第一泄压腔；
2、边梁组件；21、隔离墙；22、第一边梁；23、第二边梁；231、水平边 梁；2311、泄压孔；232、竖直边梁；24、第三边梁；25、第四边梁；2A、第三泄压腔；
3、支撑板；3A、第二泄压腔；
4、安装座组件；41、上盖；411、第一环形筒；412、第二环形筒；413、连接板；414、挡板；415、第二卡扣；416、第二卡槽；42、下盖；421、限位槽；422、第一卡扣；423、第一储胶槽；424、第二储胶槽；425、限位凸起；426、底板；427、侧板；
5、顶板组件；6、液冷板；7、线束模组；
81、安装条；82、紧固件；83、固定件；
9、电芯组；91、电芯；911、第一电极；912、第二电极；
10、框架组件；101、第一横梁；102、纵梁；103、第二横梁；
100、泄压阀；110、密封条；
M、第一区域；N、第二区域。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据情况理解上述术语在本申请中的含义。
在本申请中，除非另有规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一特征和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一特征和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
本实施例提供了一种车辆，包括电池包，为降低成本，降低电池包的体积方便其在车辆内的布局，提高电池包的能量密度，本实施例还提供了一种电池包。
如图1、图2、图7和图9所示，电池包包括底板组件1、边梁组件2和多个电芯组9，边梁组件2设于底板组件1外周，边梁组件2和底板组件1围设成 容置腔，容置腔包括至少一个安装区；电芯组9设有至少一个，电芯组9的数量与安装区的数量相对应，每个安装区安装有电芯组9，每个电芯组9包括多个电芯91，电芯91固定设置于底板组件1上。
每个电芯91固定设置在安装区的底板组件1上，安装在同一安装区的多个电芯91形成一个电芯组9，电芯91成组去模组化，减少部件数量，降低了成本；减小体积，提高了电池包的能量密度。一实施例中，电池包内包括一个或多个电芯组9，本实施例对电芯组9的数量不作限定。
如图1所示，电池包还包括顶板组件5，顶板组件5设于边梁组件2背离底板组件1的一侧，电芯组9位于顶板组件5和底板组件1之间，顶板组件5、底板组件1和边梁组件2连接形成电池箱体。顶板组件5和边梁组件2之间、底板组件1和边梁组件2之间分别设有密封条110，以使电池箱体密封。
如图1所示，电池包还包括框架组件10，框架组件10设于容置腔内，将容置腔分隔为至少两个安装区，通过设置框架组件10进行分隔，避免不同区域之间的结构相互影响，框架组件10设于电池箱体内，提高了电池箱体的结构强度。
如图3-图5所示，电池包还包括电气元件，框架组件10包括第二横梁103，第二横梁103将容置腔分隔为第一区域M和第二区域N，至少两个安装区设于第一区域M，电气元件设于第二区域N，第二区域N位于第一区域M的前端，第二横梁103将电芯组9和电气元件分隔开，防止电芯91失控时破坏电气元件影响控制系统等。
如图3-图5所示，框架组件10包括一个或多个第一横梁101，当设有一个第一横梁101时，容置腔被分隔为两个安装区；当设有多个第一横梁101时，多个第一横梁101平行间隔设置使容置腔分隔为多个安装区，以防一个电芯组9中的电芯91发生热失控时破坏其他电芯组9，多个第一横梁101将第一区域M分隔出多个沿一排或者一列排布的安装区；第一横梁101和第二横梁103可以平行设置，也可以垂直设置，或者呈其他夹角设置，本实施例对此不作限定。
如图5所示，框架组件10还包括纵梁102，纵梁102和第一横梁101形成十字梁，十字梁使容置腔被分隔为多个安装区。本实施例中，十字梁将第一区域M分隔为四个安装区，提高了结构强度。其他实施例中，十字梁也可以设有多个，可以将第一区域M分为八个安装区或者更多安装区；十字梁结构，提高了电池箱体的结构强度。
如图5所示，第一横梁101通过固定件83连接在底板组件1和边梁组件2上，提高了结构强度；固定件83可以是长螺杆和螺母的组合，长螺杆穿设于底板组件1和第一横梁101，螺母抵靠在底板组件1背离第一横梁101的一侧。一 实施例中，纵梁102及第二横梁103也可以通过固定件83连接于底板组件1上。
如图1所示，电池包还包括设于电芯组9背离底板组件1一侧的线束模组7，线束模组7电连接于电芯组9，线束模组7包括汇流排等，汇流排连接相邻电芯91实现串、并联。如图1所示，电池包还包括液冷板6，设置为冷却电芯91，液冷板6设于电芯组9背离底板组件1的一侧，即液冷板6设于电芯91的顶部，由于电芯91高度方向上的导热效果较好，提高了冷却效果。一实施例中，液冷板6为一整块板，同时设于多个电芯组9及电气元件的顶部，简化结构，方便组装；一实施例中，液冷板6设于电池箱体内，其形状与底板组件1的形状相适应。液冷板6粘接于线束模组7背离电芯组9的一侧，增加了电池包的刚度和强度。
如图2-图5所示，容置腔被分为第一区域M和第二区域N，第一区域M包括多个安装区，第二区域N上设有支撑板3，底板组件1包括外板11和内板12，外板11和内板12形成第一泄压腔1A，电芯组9内的电芯91封堵在第一泄压腔1A的一部分腔壁上；支撑板3与内板12形成第二泄压腔3A，第一泄压腔1A的另一部分腔壁和第二泄压腔3A连通；边梁组件2的内腔形成第三泄压腔2A，第二泄压腔3A与第三泄压腔2A连通，边梁组件2上安装有与第三泄压腔2A连通的泄压阀100。
当一个或多个电芯91热失控时，发生热失控的电芯91喷出的高温物质在第一泄压腔1A内扩散，由第一泄压腔1A形成的第一层泄压层与电芯91所在的电芯层分开，保证泄压时不会影响到内板12上层的其他电芯91，杜绝其他电芯91受到影响；第一泄压腔1A、第二泄压腔3A、第三泄压腔2A形成泄压通道，高温物质经过通道后，通过泄压阀100泄压。高温物质经过第一泄压腔1A、第二泄压腔3A、第三泄压腔2A，三个泄压腔结构分别会带走大量的热量，形成三次降温，高温物质到达箱体泄压阀100位置时，已经低于着火点，达到永不起火效果，更佳安全可靠。
如图5所示，内板12包括承载板121和间隔板，电芯91封堵于承载板121的第一通孔1211的一侧，发生热失控的电芯91喷出的高温物质通过第一通孔1211进入第一泄压腔1A内并扩散，实现第一泄压腔1A与电芯组9内的其他电芯91分隔开，本实施例中，电芯91为圆柱电芯，第一通孔1211为圆形孔，圆柱电芯的底面积不小于第一通孔1211的横截面积，保证高温物质尽量进入第一泄压腔1A内，避免泄漏而影响其他电芯91；承载板121开设有多个第一通孔1211，多个第一通孔1211呈多排或呈矩阵等形式排布，使承载板121为蜂窝板。
其他实施例中，电芯91也可以是方形电芯等，承载板121及第一通孔1211等等结构进行相应设置即可，本实施例对此不作限定。
间隔板122与支撑板3形成第二泄压腔3A，第一泄压腔1A和第二泄压腔3A通过间隔板122上的第二通孔连通。间隔板122的第二通孔上设有滤网板。滤网板上设有很多小孔，防止大颗粒物质进入第二泄压腔3A，避免电芯91喷出的高温物质造成泄压通道堵塞，造成泄压不顺利，通过滤网板对高温物质进行过滤，后期可定期更换滤网板。本实施例中，滤网板上贴有相变材料层，相变材料层可以降低高温物质的温度。
外板11为钢板，熔点高，不易熔化，并且可以对高温物质降温。
如图6所示，第三泄压腔2A内设有隔离墙21，使第三泄压腔2A包括多个相互连通的腔体，可平行间隔设置多个隔离墙21形成S型腔体；或者间隔设置多个隔离墙21，隔离墙21之间可以具有夹角，形成多个腔体，隔离墙21上开孔，腔体之间相互连通；或者设置多个不同形状的隔离墙21，如呈T型、L型、多个连续的L型、十字型、凹字型中的一种形状或者组合形状等等形状，使第三泄压腔2A形成“迷宫”腔体结构，隔离墙21的结构形状及拼接形状可参照相关技术，以形成简易形状或复杂形状的迷宫，本实施例对此不作限定。高温物质在第三泄压腔2A中流动时，增加第三泄压腔2A的长度，延长泄压时间，使高温物质温度得到降低。
如图5和图6所示，第二区域N的截面呈等腰梯形，边梁组件2包括第一边梁22和对称连通于第一边梁22两端的第二边梁23，第二边梁23设有泄压孔2311，第二泄压腔3A与第三泄压腔2A通过泄压孔2311连通，在两个对称的第二边梁23上开设泄压孔2311，高温物质从两个第二边梁23向两侧输出，使高温物质分散，利于降低温度。
如图6所示，第二边梁23的截面呈L型，包括相互连通的水平边梁231和竖直边梁232，水平边梁231位于第二区域N，第二泄压腔3A与水平边梁231连通，通过设置L型边梁组件2，延长第三泄压腔2A的长度。本实施例中，水平边梁231设有多个沿水平方向排布的多个腔体，竖直边梁232设有多个沿竖直方向排布的腔体，隔离墙21设有开口使腔体之间连通。
两个第二边梁23沿对称面对称，泄压阀100设有两个，两个泄压阀100安装于边梁组件2上第一区域M背离第二区域N的一侧，延长高温物质输送路径，且两个泄压阀100沿对称面对称，即两个边梁23和两个泄压阀100沿同一个对称面对称，减小泄压阀100泄压压力，提高可靠性。
如图5所示，边梁组件2还包括与第一边梁22平行的第四边梁25、连接第二边梁23和第四边梁25的第三边梁24，泄压阀100安装于第四边梁25上，高温物质在第三泄压腔2A的输出路径为相应一侧的第二边梁23、第三边梁24、第四边梁25及泄压阀100。
如图4所示，电池箱体还包括安装条81和紧固件82，紧固件82依次穿过安装条81、底板组件1和边梁组件2，使安装条81、底板组件1和边梁组件2连接。
如图1、图7和图8所示，电池包还包括安装座组件4，电芯组9内的每个电芯91通过安装座组件4安装于底板组件1上，电芯91成组可拼接，兼容性强，安装方便。多个电芯91可通过安装座组件4拼接在底板组件1上，根据电池包容量、底板组件1的大小和形状进行适应性地设置电芯91及安装座组件4的数量，可以随意搭配串并联，成组方式更灵活，兼容性更强。
如图7-图11所示安装座组件4包括下盖42，下盖42具有设置为容置电芯91的限位槽421，电芯91固定于限位槽421内，设置为电芯91定位，提高定位精度。下盖42背离电芯91的一侧设有连接部，下盖42能够通过连接部固定于底板组件1，提高电芯91与底板组件1之间的连接可靠性，下盖42结构体积小，制作和安装方便，节约成本。
如图1、图7-图9所示，电池包还包括线束模组7，电芯91的第一电极911和第二电极912位于电芯91的同一侧，安装座组件4还包括与下盖42相对设置的上盖41，上盖41罩设在电芯91设有第一电极911和第二电极912的一侧，且第一电极911和第二电极912裸露于上盖41，裸露的第一电极911和裸露的第二电极912与线束模组7连接。
组装时，电芯91的两端分别连接在上盖41和下盖42上，为方便描述，电芯91安装在上盖41和下盖42后形成一个电芯装配体，结构简单，组装方便；当电芯组9包括多个电芯91时，则同时设置与电芯91数量相同的多个安装座组件4，形成多个电芯装配体，再通过下盖42固定在底板组件1上，提高了连接可靠性。电芯装配体可拼接，根据电芯组9内电芯91的数量设置安装座组件4，可以随意搭配串并联，兼容性更强，安装方便，无需根据电池模组型号对安装座组件4进行定制化，节约成本。一实施例中，可以根据电芯91型号制作上盖41和下盖42，同种电芯91使用同种上盖41和下盖42，可以进行批量化生产，降低成本，缩短工期。上盖41和下盖42设置为对电芯91进行防护，且上盖41和下盖42设置为对电芯91进行限位，提高安装于电池箱体内的可靠性。
上盖41为塑胶盖，下盖42为塑胶座，具有绝缘作用，以防止不同电芯91之间发生短路，提高了安全可靠性。
本实施例中，如图9所示，第一电极911为负极，第二电极912为正极，其他实施例中，也可以是第一电极911为正极，第二电极912为负极。
如图9所示，第二电极912凸出于第一电极911，上盖41包括第一环形筒 411和连接于第一环形筒411一端筒口的第二环形筒412，第一环形筒411套设于电芯91的外周，第一环形筒411设置为对电芯91进行周向限位，第二环形筒412套设于第二电极912，以防止同一个电芯91的第一电极911和第二电极912之间发生短路，第一电极911裸露于第一环形筒411的筒口，第二电极912裸露于第二环形筒412的筒口。通过设置第一环形筒411和第二环形筒412，套住电芯91的两个电极，防止线束模组7与电芯91电极连接时发生短路。
电芯91为圆柱电芯，第一环形筒411的内壁呈圆环状，第一环形筒411的内壁形状与圆柱电芯的形状相适配，提高连接可靠性，防止晃动；当电芯91为其他形状时，第一环形筒411的内壁形状根据电芯91的外形进行适应性设置。一实施例中，第二电极912呈圆柱状，第二环形筒412的内壁呈圆环状。
如图9所示，第一环形筒411的端部设有挡板414，设置为对电芯91相对于下盖42方向进行限位，本实施例中，电芯91为圆柱电芯，挡板414设置为对电芯91进行轴向限位，第二环形筒412通过连接板413连接于挡板414，连接板413和挡板414能够抵靠于部分第一电极911，使另一部分第一电极911裸露。
相邻两个上盖41能够卡接，提高不同电芯装配体之间的连接可靠性，进而提高同一个电芯组9内的不同电芯91的连接可靠性。
如图9所示，第一环形筒411的周向设有第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416，第一个上盖41的第二卡扣415能够与相邻上盖41的第二卡槽416相卡接，第一个上盖41的第二卡槽416能够与相邻上盖41的第二卡扣415相卡接。相邻电芯91之间通过各自的上盖41进行可拆卸连接，提高了不同电芯91之间的连接可靠性，防止发生短路。第二卡扣415沿径向凸出于第一环形筒411的周面，第二卡槽416沿径向凹陷于第一环形筒411的周面。
第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416相对设置，多个电芯91呈排设置时，相对设置的第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416与同一排的左右相邻两个电芯91上的上盖41分别连接，提高了同一排电芯91的连接可靠性。
可以设置一对第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416；也可以设置两对第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416，第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416相对设置，使同一行的相邻两个电芯91通过上盖41连接，同时能够使同一列的相邻两个电芯91通过上盖41连接，从而提高了多排和多列电芯91之间的连接可靠性。也可以设置三对以上第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416。本实施例中，如图9所示，上盖41的外周截面形状呈六边形，外周设有三对第二卡扣415和第二卡槽416，以与相邻上盖41进行卡接，上盖41的六个侧面均与相邻上盖41连接，提高了安装密度。
如图10所示，下盖42和底板组件1二者中的一个上设有第一卡扣422，另一个上设有第一卡槽，第一卡扣422与第一卡槽卡接，提高了下盖42与底板组件1连接可靠性，进而提高了电芯91在电池箱体内的连接可靠性，同时通过可拆卸连接，便于拆装。本实施例中，如图10和图11所示，第一卡扣422设于下盖42的底面，底板组件1设有第一卡槽，下盖42上的第一卡扣422与第一卡槽卡接，方便插入底板组件1上进行安装。
底板组件1包括承载板121，下盖42安装于承载板121上。限位槽421的槽底具有开放空间，电芯91能够与第一泄压腔1A连通；承载板121为蜂窝板，第一卡槽环设于第一通孔1211的外周。
限位槽421的内壁开设有第一储胶槽423；第一储胶槽423内填充结构胶后，使电芯91粘接在限位槽421内，使电芯91与下盖42之间安装更加牢靠。如图11所示，第一储胶槽423开设于限位槽421的底壁上。一实施例中，下盖42背离电芯91的一侧设有第二储胶槽424，第二储胶槽424填充结构胶时能够粘接下盖42和底板组件1，使下盖42与底板组件1之间安装更加牢靠。本实施例中，如图10所示，第二储胶槽424设于下盖42的底面。本实施例中，下盖42上开设有第二储胶槽424，打入结构胶，使下盖42粘接在承载板121，下盖42与承载板121固定更加牢固。其他实施例中，承载板121可以设有容置槽，下盖42设于容置槽内，容置槽能够对下盖42及下盖42上的电芯91进行限位，第一卡槽及第一卡扣等结构进行适应性设置，本实施例对此不作限定。
如图10所示，下盖42包括底板426和环设连接于底板426外周的多个侧板427，多个侧板427间隔设置，底板426和多个侧板427围成限位槽421，降低了下盖42的重量。侧板427的外周面设有限位凸起425，相邻两个下盖42的限位凸起425侧面相互提高，可设置为周向限位。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    底板组件(1)；
    边梁组件(2)，所述边梁组件(2)设于所述底板组件(1)外周，所述边梁组件(2)和所述底板组件(1)围设成容置腔，所述容置腔包括至少一个安装区；
    至少一个电芯组(9)，每个安装区安装有所述电芯组(9)，每个电芯组(9)包括多个电芯(91)，所述电芯(91)固定设置于所述底板组件(1)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，还包括框架组件(10)，设于所述容置腔内，设置为将所述容置腔分隔为至少两个安装区。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，所述框架组件(10)包括至少一个第一横梁(101)，在所述第一横梁(101)的数量为多个的情况下，多个第一横梁(101)平行间隔设置使得所述容置腔被分隔为多个安装区。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包，其中，所述框架组件(10)还包括纵梁(102)，所述纵梁(102)和所述第一横梁(101)形成十字梁，所述十字梁设置为将所述容置腔分隔为多个安装区。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，还包括电气元件，所述框架组件(10)包括第二横梁(103)，所述第二横梁(103)将所述容置腔分隔为第一区域(M)和第二区域(N)，所述至少两个安装区设于所述第一区域(M)，所述电气元件设于所述第二区域(N)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，还包括设于所述电芯组(9)背离所述底板组件(1)一侧的线束模组(7)，所述线束模组(7)电连接于所述电芯组(9)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池包，还包括液冷板(6)，所述液冷板(6)粘接于所述线束模组(7)背离所述电芯组(9)的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池包，其中，在所述容置腔分被为第一区域(M)和第二区域(N)，所述第一区域(M)包括多个安装区的情况下，所述第二区域(N)上设有支撑板(3)；
    所述底板组件(1)包括外板(11)和内板(12)，所述外板(11)和所述内板(12)形成第一泄压腔(1A)，所述电芯组(9)内的电芯(91)封堵在所述第一泄压腔(1A)的一部分腔壁上；
    所述支撑板(3)与所述内板(12)形成第二泄压腔(3A)，所述第一泄压 腔(1A)的另一部分腔壁和所述第二泄压腔(3A)连通；
    所述边梁组件(2)的内腔形成第三泄压腔(2A)，所述第二泄压腔(3A)与所述第三泄压腔(2A)连通，所述边梁组件(2)上安装有与所述第三泄压腔(2A)连通的泄压阀(100)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其中，所述内板(12)包括承载板(121)和间隔板，所述电芯(91)封堵于所述承载板(121)的第一通孔(1211)的一侧，所述间隔板与所述支撑板(3)形成所述第二泄压腔(3A)，所述第一泄压腔(1A)和所述第二泄压腔(3A)通过所述间隔板上的第二通孔连通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池包，其中，所述间隔板的第二通孔上设有滤网板。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其中，所述第三泄压腔(2A)内设有隔离墙(21)，所述隔离墙(21)设置为将所述第三泄压腔(2A)间隔设置为多个相互连通的腔体。
  12. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池包，还包括安装座组件(4)，每个电芯(91)通过所述安装座组件(4)安装于所述底板组件(1)上。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池包，其中，所述安装座组件(4)包括下盖(42)，所述下盖(42)具有设置为容置所述电芯(91)的限位槽(421)，所述下盖(42)背离所述电芯(91)的一侧设有连接部，所述下盖(42)能够通过所述连接部固定于底板组件(1)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池包，其中，所述下盖(42)满足以下至少之一：
    所述下盖(42)包括第一储胶槽(423)，所述第一储胶槽(423)设置为容置结构胶，所述电芯(91)通过所述结构胶粘接于所述下盖(42)；或者
    所述下盖(42)包括第二储胶槽(424)，所述第二储胶槽(424)设置为容置结构胶，所述下盖(42)通过所述结构胶粘接于所述底板组件(1)。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的电池包，其中，所述底板组件(1)包括承载板(121)，所述下盖(42)安装于所述承载板(121)上。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的电池包，其中，所述电芯(91)的第一电极(911)和第二电极(912)位于所述电芯(91)的同一侧；
    所述安装座组件(4)还包括与所述下盖(42)相对设置的上盖(41)，所述上盖(41)罩设在所述电芯(91)设有所述第一电极(911)和所述第二电极(912)的一侧，且所述第一电极(911)和所述第二电极(912)裸露于所述上 盖(41)，裸露的所述第一电极(911)和裸露的所述第二电极(912)与所述电池包包括的线束模组(7)连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池包，其中，相邻两个上盖(41)能够卡接。
  18. 一种车辆，包括权利要求1-17任一项所述的电池包。
PCT/CN2022/126338 2022-04-20 2022-10-20 电池包及车辆 WO2023173739A1 (zh)

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