WO2020140643A1 - 一种电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

一种电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020140643A1
WO2020140643A1 PCT/CN2019/120119 CN2019120119W WO2020140643A1 WO 2020140643 A1 WO2020140643 A1 WO 2020140643A1 CN 2019120119 W CN2019120119 W CN 2019120119W WO 2020140643 A1 WO2020140643 A1 WO 2020140643A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery module
extension portion
fireproof member
explosion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/120119
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
游凯杰
金海族
史东洋
胡飞
唐彧
侯跃攀
李子源
马俊
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020140643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020140643A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of energy storage components, in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • battery packs are generally installed in the chassis of electric vehicles.
  • the battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in a row and a plurality of bus bars electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells.
  • the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell faces upward, that is, directly toward the passenger above the battery pack; when the battery cell thermally loses control, the energy and flame released by the battery cell erupt upward, directly threatening the life safety of the passenger.
  • a battery pack including:
  • a first battery module the first battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and the battery cells are provided with explosion-proof valves;
  • a second battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and the battery cells are provided with explosion-proof valves;
  • a box, the first battery module and the second battery module are both disposed in the box;
  • a fireproof member the fireproof member is arranged vertically, the explosion-proof valve of the first battery module and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery module both face the fireproof member, and the fireproof member is located in the first Between the explosion-proof valve of the battery module and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery module.
  • the plurality of battery cells of the first battery module are arranged in a vertical direction and/or horizontal direction, and the plurality of battery cells of the second battery module are arranged vertically Straight and/or horizontal.
  • the fireproof member extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells, and the fireproof member shields all the battery cells in the first battery module and the second battery module The explosion-proof valve.
  • the fire protection member includes a fire protection member body and a first extension portion connected to the upper end of the fire protection member body, the first extension portion extending toward the first battery module; and / or,
  • the fire protection member includes a fire protection member main body and a second extension portion connected to the lower end of the fire protection member, the second extension portion extending toward the first battery module.
  • the first battery module further includes two first end plates, and the two first end plates are respectively located along the horizontal of the plurality of battery cells of the first battery module At both ends of the direction, the first extension portion and/or the second extension portion of the fire protection member are fixed to the first end plate.
  • the top surface of the first end plate is provided with a fixing protrusion extending in the vertical direction, and the first extension of the fireproof member is provided with a receiving protrusion Fixing holes; or,
  • the lower surface of the first extending portion of the fireproof member is provided with a fixing protrusion extending in the vertical direction, and the top surface of the first end plate is provided with a fixing hole for accommodating the fixing protrusion.
  • the fire protection member includes a fire protection member body, a first extension portion and a second extension portion, the first extension portion and the second extension portion are respectively connected to the fire protection member body Upper and lower ends, the first extension portion and the second extension portion extend toward the first battery module, and the first extension portion and the second extension portion are located on the first battery, respectively The upper and lower sides of the plurality of battery cells of the module.
  • the fireproof member further includes a third extension portion, the third extension portion is connected to the upper end of the main body of the fireproof member, and the third extension portion faces a portion closer to the second battery module Direction extension; and/or,
  • the fire protection member further includes a fourth extension portion connected to the lower end of the fire protection member main body, and the fourth extension portion extends toward the second battery module.
  • the fireproof member main body, the first extension portion, the second extension portion, the third extension portion, and the fourth extension portion are an integral structure.
  • the fireproof member is fixed to the first battery module and/or the second battery module by glue.
  • the box body includes an upper box cover and a lower box body, the upper box cover and the lower box body are sealedly arranged, and the bottom wall and/or side of the lower box body An accommodating groove for accommodating the fireproof member is provided on the wall.
  • the melting point of the fireproof member is greater than or equal to 500°C.
  • the material of the fireproof member is mica.
  • the inventor also provides a vehicle including the battery pack according to the first aspect of the present invention, the battery pack being used as a power source for the vehicle.
  • the above technical solution is provided with a fireproof member and the fireproof member is arranged vertically, and the explosion-proof valve of the first battery module and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery module both face the fireproof member (that is, the explosion-proof valve is oriented horizontally).
  • the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell does not directly face the passenger above the battery pack, so when the battery cell thermally loses control, the energy and flame released from the position of the explosion-proof valve are directed horizontally and not directly toward the passenger.
  • a fireproof member is provided between the explosion-proof valve of the first battery module and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery module, the fireproof member separates the battery cells of the first battery module and the battery cells of the second battery module Separated to avoid the thermal runaway caused by the battery cells that have thermal runaway caused by the adjacent battery cells opposite to the explosion-proof valve.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the battery pack described in this embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first battery module and the second battery module of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the battery cell described in this embodiment.
  • FIG 4 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of the present embodiment having a wound structure.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of this embodiment having a laminated structure.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery pack according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the fireproof member according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fireproof member according to another embodiment.
  • FIG 9 is an exploded view of the fire protection member and the first battery module according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the fire protection member and the first end plate according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 10.
  • connection refers to more than two including two; the terms “connection”, “fixed”, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “connection” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a whole Ground connection, or electrical connection; either directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow x is the length direction
  • the direction indicated by the arrow y is the width direction
  • the direction indicated by the arrow z is the vertical direction.
  • the horizontal direction is a direction parallel to the horizontal plane, and may be the above-mentioned longitudinal direction or the above-mentioned width direction.
  • the horizontal direction includes not only the direction absolutely parallel to the horizontal plane, but also the direction generally parallel to the horizontal plane conventionally recognized in engineering.
  • the vertical direction is a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the vertical direction includes not only the direction absolutely perpendicular to the horizontal plane, but also the direction generally perpendicular to the horizontal plane conventionally recognized in engineering.
  • directional words such as "upper”, “lower”, “top”, and “bottom” described in this application are all understood relative to the vertical direction.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack including a box body and a first battery module 1 and a second battery module 2 disposed in the box body, one battery pack may include a plurality of first The battery module 1 and a plurality of second battery modules 2.
  • the first battery module 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 provided with explosion-proof valves 116;
  • the second battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 provided with explosion-proof valves 116.
  • four first battery modules 1 and four second battery modules 2 are taken as examples, but the number of first battery modules 1 and second battery modules 2 is not limited.
  • the battery cell 11 includes an electrode assembly 111, a battery case 112, an electrode terminal connector 113, and a cover plate 114.
  • the battery case 112 may have a hexahedral shape or other shapes.
  • the battery case 112 has an internal space that accommodates the electrode assembly 111 and the electrolyte, and the battery case 112 has an opening.
  • the electrode assembly 111 is accommodated in the battery case 112, the cover plate 114 covers the opening, and serves to close the electrode assembly 111 in the battery case 112, and the electrode assembly 111 and the electrode terminal 115 are electrically connected by an electrode terminal connector 113.
  • there are two electrode terminal connectors 113 namely a positive terminal connector and a negative terminal connector.
  • the battery case 112 may be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic.
  • the electrode assembly 111 is accommodated in the battery case 112.
  • the electrode assembly 111 includes a first pole piece 1111, a second pole piece 1112, and a separator 1113 provided between the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112.
  • the first pole piece 1111 may be a positive pole piece or a negative pole piece
  • the second pole piece 1112 is opposite in polarity to the first pole piece 1111, and accordingly, the second pole piece 1112 is a negative pole piece or a positive pole piece.
  • the diaphragm 1113 is an insulator interposed between the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112.
  • the electrode assembly 111 may be a wound structure (see FIG. 4) or a laminated structure (see FIG. 5).
  • the first pole piece 1111 is used as a positive electrode piece
  • the second pole piece 1112 is used as a negative electrode piece.
  • the first pole piece 1111 may also be a negative pole piece
  • the second pole piece 1112 is a positive pole piece.
  • the positive electrode active material is coated on the coating area of the positive electrode sheet
  • the negative electrode active material is coated on the coating area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the uncoated area extending from the coated area is used as the tab.
  • the electrode assembly 111 includes two tabs, namely a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the positive tab extends from the coated area of the positive tab; the negative tab from the negative tab
  • the coating zone extends.
  • the positive ear and the positive electrode terminal are electrically connected by a positive connector
  • the negative ear and the negative electrode terminal are electrically connected by a negative connector.
  • the battery case 112 is substantially a hexahedral structure.
  • the battery case 112 includes two first surfaces 1121 and two second surfaces 1122.
  • the area of the first surface 1121 is larger than the area of the second surface 1122.
  • the two second surfaces 1122 of each battery cell 11 face each other in the horizontal direction (for example, the length direction of the direction indicated by the arrow x), and each battery cell
  • the two first surfaces 1121 of 11 face each other in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z).
  • the electrode assembly 111 when the electrode assembly 111 has a wound structure, the electrode assembly 111 is flat, and the outer surface of the electrode assembly 111 includes two flat surfaces 1114, both of which are along the vertical direction (arrow The direction indicated by z) face each other, that is, the flat surface 1114 and the first surface 1121 face each other.
  • the electrode assembly 111 has a substantially hexahedral structure, and the flat surface 1114 is substantially parallel to the winding axis and is the outer surface with the largest area.
  • the flat surface 1114 may be a relatively flat surface, and is not required to be purely flat.
  • the first pole piece 1111, the separator 1113, and the second pole piece 1112 are stacked in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z), that is, the first pole piece 1111 And the first surface 1121 face each other.
  • the electrode assembly 111 inevitably expands in the thickness direction of the first pole piece 1111 during charging and discharging (in the wound electrode structure 111, the expansion force is greatest in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface 1114; In the electrode assembly 111 of the structure, the expansion force is the largest in the stacking direction of the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112).
  • the electrode assembly 111 may be a wound structure or a laminated structure.
  • the flat surface 1114 faces the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z).
  • the first pole piece 1111 and the second pole piece 1112 are stacked in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z). It can be seen that, whether the electrode assembly 111 adopts the wound structure or the laminated structure, the direction in which the electrode assembly 111 applies the maximum expansion force to the battery case 112 is oriented in the vertical direction.
  • the direction in which the electrode assembly 111 exerts the largest expansion force on the battery case 112 is all toward the horizontal direction, because the size of the battery module 2 in the horizontal direction is compared to the vertical
  • the size of the direction is much larger (the vertical direction here refers to the method perpendicular to the chassis of the vehicle; in addition, due to the height dimension of the chassis of the vehicle, more battery cells 11 need to be stacked in the horizontal direction, and the cumulative expansion force is large) Therefore, the expansion force of the existing battery module 2 in the horizontal direction is very large, so it is necessary to set very thick end plates on both sides of the horizontal direction of the battery module 2 to resist the expansion force, and thickening the end plate will reduce the battery module 2 Energy density.
  • the direction in which the electrode assembly 111 applies the maximum expansion force to the battery case 112 is toward the vertical direction, and the number of battery cells 11 stacked in the vertical direction is small, so compared with the prior art, The maximum expansion force of the battery module 2 can be greatly reduced.
  • the battery cell 11 since the battery cell 11 also generates gas inside the battery case 112 during the charging and discharging process, the generated gas exerts a force on the battery case 112, thereby aggravating the outward expansion of the battery case 112. Since the area of the first surface 1121 of the present application is larger than the area of the second surface 1122, and the two first surfaces 1121 of the battery cells 11 face each other in the vertical direction, the generated gas exerts The direction of the maximum force is also toward the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the maximum expansion force of the battery module 2 is further reduced.
  • the battery pack further includes a fireproof member 3 that is vertically arranged (as indicated by the arrow z in the figure), that is, the fireproof member 3 extends in the vertical direction.
  • the explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery module 1 and the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery module 2 both face the fireproof member 3, and the fireproof member 3 is located between the explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery module 1 and the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery module 2 .
  • the explosion-proof valves 116 of the battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1 and the battery cells 11 of the second battery module 2 both face the horizontal direction (for example, the width direction indicated by the arrow y).
  • the melting point of the fireproof member 3 is greater than or equal to 500° C., so that the flame will not melt the fireproof member 3 to play a role in fire prevention.
  • the fireproof member 3 is made of a mica board. Because the melting point of the mica board is high (about 1723°C), the fireproof requirements of the fireproof member 3 can be achieved, and the mica board has excellent processing performance. However, it is not limited to the implementation of the mica board.
  • the plurality of battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1 are arranged in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z) and/or horizontal direction (for example, the length direction indicated by arrow x), and the second battery module
  • the plurality of battery cells 11 of 2 are arranged in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z) and/or the horizontal direction (for example, the length direction indicated by arrow x).
  • the first battery module 1 and the second battery module 2 may be arranged with 1-5 battery cells 11 in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow z), respectively.
  • the first battery module 1 and the second battery module 2 may be respectively arranged with 5-20 battery cells 11 in a horizontal direction (for example, a length direction indicated by an arrow x).
  • the size of the first battery module 1 in the vertical direction is smaller than the size of the first battery module 1 in the length direction x.
  • the dimension of the first battery module 1 in the vertical direction is smaller than the dimension of the first battery module 1 in the width direction y.
  • the first battery module 1 further includes two first end plates 12.
  • the two first end plates 12 are located at two ends of the plurality of battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1 along the horizontal direction.
  • the end plate 12 is used to fix the plurality of battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1.
  • the second battery module 2 further includes two second end plates 21, and the two second end plates 21 are respectively located in the horizontal direction of the plurality of battery cells 11 of the second battery module 2 (for example, as indicated by the arrow x At both ends of the longitudinal direction), the second end plate 21 is used to fix the plurality of battery cells 11 of the second battery module 2.
  • the first battery module 1 and the second battery module 2 each include seven battery cells 11 arranged along the length direction (the length direction indicated by the arrow x) and along the vertical direction ( The battery cells 11 in two rows arranged in the direction indicated by the arrow z).
  • the battery cells 11 in two rows arranged in the direction indicated by the arrow z).
  • the number, length, height, volume, etc. of the battery cells 11 can be adjusted as needed.
  • the fireproof member 3 extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 11, and the fireproof member 3 shields the explosion-proof valves 116 of all battery cells 11, that is, the fireproof member 3 shields the explosion-proof of all battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1
  • the fireproof member 3 may be fixed to the first battery module 1 or the second battery module 2 by glue.
  • the explosion-proof valve 116 ruptures and a flame and High-temperature particles 6, because the fire protection member 3 is provided, the flame and the high-temperature particles 6 are blocked by the fire protection member 3, the battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1 and the battery cells 11 of the second battery module 2 will not Mutual influence avoids the collective thermal runaway of the battery cells 11.
  • the flame and high-temperature particles 6 are not directly ejected upward, the safety performance of the battery pack can be improved.
  • the fire protection member 3 includes a fire protection member body 31 and a first extension 32 connected to the upper end of the fire protection member body 31, the first extension 32 extends toward the first battery module 1; and/or, the fire protection member 3 It includes a fireproof member body 31 and a second extension 33 connected to the lower end of the fireproof member 3, and the second extension 33 extends toward the first battery module 1. Since the first extension portion 32 is provided, the flame and the high-temperature particles 6 can be prevented from diffusing upward, further improving the safety performance of the battery pack. Since the second extension portion 33 is provided, the flame and high-temperature particles 6 can be prevented from diffusing downward, further improving the safety performance of the battery pack.
  • the fire protection member 3 further includes a third extension portion 34 connected to the upper end of the fire protection member body 31, and the third extension portion 34 extends toward the second battery module 2; and/or, the fire protection member 3 further includes a fourth extension portion 35 connected to the lower end of the fireproof member body 31, and the fourth extension portion 35 extends toward the second battery module 2 in the direction. Since the third extension portion 34 is provided, the flame and the high-temperature particles 6 can be prevented from diffusing upward, further improving the safety performance of the battery pack. Since the fourth extension portion 35 is provided, the flame and high-temperature particles 6 can be prevented from diffusing downward, further improving the safety performance of the battery pack.
  • the fireproof member 3 includes a fireproof member body 31, a first extension 32 connected to the upper end of the fireproof member body 31, a third extension 34, and a fireproof member body 31 The second extension portion 33 and the fourth extension portion 35 at the lower end.
  • first extension portion 32 and the second extension portion 33 are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the plurality of battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1, that is, the projection of the first extension portion 32 in the vertical direction and the battery unit
  • the projection of the body 11 in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps
  • the projection of the second extension 33 in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the battery cell 11 in the vertical direction.
  • the third extension portion 34 and the fourth extension portion 35 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the plurality of battery cells 11 of the second battery module 2, that is, the projection of the third extension portion 34 in the vertical direction and the battery cell
  • the projection of the body 11 in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps
  • the projection of the fourth extension 35 in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the battery cell 11 in the vertical direction.
  • the explosion-proof valves 116 of the first battery module 1 and the second battery module 2 can be covered by the first extension portion 32, the third extension portion 34, the second extension portion 33, and the fourth extension portion 35 simultaneously in three directions To prevent the battery cells 11 from running out of heat, the flame and high-temperature particles 6 erupt upward or downward.
  • the fireproof member main body 31, the first extension portion 32, the second extension portion 33, the third extension portion 34, and the fourth extension portion 35 have an integrated structure.
  • the explosion-proof valve 116 of the first battery module 1 and the explosion-proof valve 116 of the second battery module 2 can be blocked by one fireproof member 3 at the same time, which reduces the number of fireproof members 3 and reduces the difficulty of installation.
  • the main body 31 of the fire prevention member may include a first fire prevention board 311 and a second fire prevention board 312.
  • the first fire prevention board 311 and the second fire prevention board 312 are split structures.
  • the first fireproof board 311 is located on the side of the second fireproof board 312 facing the first battery module 1.
  • the first extension portion 32 and the second extension portion 33 are respectively provided at the upper end and the lower end of the first fireproof plate 311.
  • the first extension 32, the second extension 33, and the first fireproof plate 311 are of an integrated structure.
  • the third extension portion 34 and the fourth extension portion 35 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the second fireproof plate 312.
  • the third extension portion 34, the fourth extension portion 35, and the second fireproof plate 312 have an integrated structure.
  • first extension portion 32, the second extension portion 33, the third extension portion 34, and the fourth extension portion 35 in the fire protection member 3 is not excluded.
  • shape and style of the fire protection member 3 can be adjusted according to the actual situation to obtain the best effect.
  • the fire protection member 3 is not limited to the shape and style in this embodiment.
  • the first battery module 1 includes two first end plates 12, and the two first end plates 12 are located along the plurality of battery cells 11 of the first battery module 1, respectively. At both ends in the horizontal direction, the first extension 32 and/or the second extension 33 of the fire protection member 3 are fixed to the first end plate 12.
  • the upper end of the first end plate 12 is provided with a fixing protrusion 121 in the vertical direction
  • the first extension portion 32 of the fireproof member 3 is provided with a fixing hole 321 that accommodates the fixing protrusion 121.
  • the lower surface of the first extension portion 32 of the fireproof member 3 is provided with a fixing protrusion 121 in the vertical direction
  • the upper end of the first end plate 12 is provided with a fixing hole 321 that accommodates the fixing protrusion 121.
  • the box body includes an upper box cover 4 and a lower box body 5, the upper box cover 4 and the lower box body 5 are sealedly provided, and the side wall or the bottom wall of the lower box body 5 is provided with a fire-proof member 3 containing slots. In this way, the fire protection member 3 can be fixed well by the accommodating groove.
  • the multiple battery cells 11 are arranged in the horizontal direction (for example, the length direction indicated by the arrow x) and the vertical direction (the direction indicated by the arrow z), and the two end plates are respectively located at the multiple battery cells 11
  • the two ends arranged in a horizontal direction are arranged to form a battery module; a plurality of battery modules are respectively arranged in the box, wherein the explosion-proof valves 116 of the battery modules all face a fireproof member 3.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a vehicle, including the above battery pack.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种电池包及车辆。所述电池包包括第一电池模块、第二电池模块、箱体以及防火构件，第一电池模块包括多个电池单体，电池单体设有防爆阀；第二电池模块包括多个电池单体，电池单体设有防爆阀；第一电池模块和第二电池模块均设置在箱体内；防火构件竖直设置，第一电池模块的防爆阀和第二电池模块的防爆阀均面向防火构件，防火构件位于第一电池模块的防爆阀和第二电池模块的防爆阀之间。区别于现有技术，上述技术方案通过防火构件将第一电池模块的电池单体与第二电池模块的电池单体隔开，避免电池单体集体热失控；同时，使防火构件的体积、面积减少一半，降低成本，提高能量密度。

Description

一种电池包及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2018年12月30日递交的名称为“一种电池包”的中国专利申请No.201811648932.1的优先权权益，其内容在此通过援引全部并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及储能元器件技术领域，特别涉及一种电池包和车辆。
背景技术
近年，随着电池单体能量密度的不断提高，提高其安全性对电动汽车的发展日益迫切，而热失控是电池单体安全研究中的一个关键问题。电池包作为电动汽车的动力来源，一般被设置于电动汽车的底盘。电池包包括多个电池模块，电池模块包括多个排列设置的多个电池单体以及电连接至多个电池单体的多个汇流排。现有技术中，电池单体的防爆阀朝上，即直接朝向电池包上方乘客；当电池单体发生热失控时，电池单体释放的能量、火焰向上喷发，直接威胁到乘客的生命安全。
发明内容
为此，需要提供一种电池包，用于解决现有技术的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，一方面，发明人提供了一种电池包，包括：
第一电池模块，所述第一电池模块包括多个电池单体，所述电池单体设有防爆阀；
第二电池模块，所述第二电池模块包括多个电池单体，所述电池单体设有防爆阀；
箱体，所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块均设置在所述箱体内；以及
防火构件，所述防火构件竖直设置，所述第一电池模块的所述防爆阀和所述第二电池模块的所述防爆阀均面向所述防火构件，所述防火构件位于所述第一电池模块的所述防爆阀和所述第二电池模块的所述防爆阀之间。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述第一电池模块的所述多个电池单体沿竖直方向和/或水平方向排列，所述第二电池模块的所述多个电池单体沿竖直方向和/或水平方向排列。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件沿所述电池单体的排列方向延伸，所述防火构件遮挡所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块中的所有所述电池单体的所述防爆阀。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件包括防火构件主体以及连接于所述防火构件主体上端的第一延伸部，所述第一延伸部朝靠近所述第一电池模块的方向延伸；和/或，
所述防火构件包括防火构件主体以及连接于所述防火构件下端的第二延伸部，所述第二延伸部朝靠近所述第一电池模块的方向延伸。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述第一电池模块还包括两个第一端板，两个所述第一端板分别位于所述第一电池模块的所述多个电池单体沿水平方向的两端，所述防火构件的第一延伸部和/或第二延伸部与所述第一端板相固定。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述第一端板的顶面设置有沿所述竖直方向延伸的固定凸起，所述防火构件的所述第一延伸部设置有容纳所述固定凸起的固定孔；或者，
所述防火构件的所述第一延伸部的下表面设置有沿所述竖直方向延伸的固定凸起，所述第一端板的顶面设置有容纳所述固定凸起的固定孔。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件包括防火构件主体、第一延伸部和第二延伸部，所述第一延伸部和所述第二延伸部分别连接于所述防 火构件主体的上端和下端，所述第一延伸部和所述第二延伸部朝靠近所述第一电池模块的方向延伸，并且所述第一延伸部和所述第二延伸部分别位于所述第一电池模块的所述多个电池单体的上侧和下侧。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件还包括第三延伸部，所述第三延伸部连接于所述防火构件主体上端，所述第三延伸部朝靠近所述第二电池模块的方向延伸；和/或，
所述防火构件还包括第四延伸部，所述第四延伸部连接于所述防火构件主体下端，所述第四延伸部朝靠近所述第二电池模块的方向延伸。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件主体、所述第一延伸部、所述第二延伸部、所述第三延伸部以及所述第四延伸部为一体式结构。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件通过胶固定于所述第一电池模块和/或所述第二电池模块。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述箱体包括上箱盖以及下箱体，所述上箱盖与所述下箱体之间密封设置，所述下箱体的底壁和或/侧壁上设置有容纳所述防火构件的容纳槽。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件的熔点大于或等于500℃。
作为本发明的一种优选结构，所述防火构件的材质为云母。
另一方面，发明人还提供一种车辆，包括本发明第一方面所述的电池包，所述电池包用作所述车辆的电源。
区别于现有技术，上述技术方案通过设置防火构件并且防火构件竖直设置，第一电池模块的防爆阀和第二电池模块的防爆阀均面向防火构件(即防爆阀是朝水平方向的)。此时，电池单体的防爆阀不直接朝向电池包上方的乘客，因此当电池单体发生热失控时，从防爆阀位置释放的能量、火焰是朝水平方向而不会直接朝向乘客，提高了乘客的安全性；另外的，防火构件设置在第一电池模块的防爆阀与第二电池模块的防爆阀之间，防火构件将第一电池模块的电池单体与第二电池模块的电池单体隔开，避免已发生热失控的电池单体引发与其防爆阀相对的邻近电池单体也发生热失控。
附图说明
图1为本实施例所述电池包的爆炸图。
图2为本实施例所述第一电池模块与所述第二电池模块的结构示意图。
图3为本实施例所述电池单体的爆炸图。
图4为本实施例所述电极组件为卷绕式结构的截面图。
图5为本实施例所述电极组件为叠片式结构的截面图。
图6为本实施例所述电池包的局部剖视图。
图7为本实施例所述防火构件的结构示意图。
图8为另一实施例所述防火构件的结构示意图。
图9为本实施例所述防火构件与第一电池模块的爆炸图。
图10为本实施例所述防火构件与第一端板固定时的示意图。
图11为图10中A处的放大图。
附图标记说明：
1.第一电池模块
11.电池单体
111.电极组件
1111.第一极片
1112.第二极片
1113.隔膜
1114.扁平面
112.电池壳体
1121.第一表面
1122.第二表面
113.电极端子连接件
114.盖板
115.电极端子
116.防爆阀
12.第一端板
121.固定凸起
2.第二电池模块
21.第二端板
3.防火构件
31.防火构件主体
311.第一防火板
312.第二防火板
32.第一延伸部
321.固定孔
33.第二延伸部
34.第三延伸部
35.第四延伸部
4.上箱盖
5.下箱体
6.高温颗粒
具体实施方式
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合具体实施例并配合附图详予说明。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；除非另有规定或说明，术语“多个”是指两个以上包括两个；术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领 域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，所有附图中箭头x所指方向为长度方向，箭头y所指方向为宽度方向，箭头z所指方向为竖直方向。水平方向为平行于水平面的方向，既可以是上述长度方向也可以是上述宽度方向。另外，水平方向不仅包括绝对平行于水平面的方向，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致平行于水平面的方向。竖直方向为垂直于水平面的方向，竖直方向不仅包括绝对垂直于水平面的方向，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致垂直于水平面的方向。此外，本申请描述的“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”等方位词均是相对于竖直方向来进行理解的。
请参阅图1至图2，本申请部分实施例提供一种电池包，包括箱体以及设置在箱体内的第一电池模块1以及第二电池模块2，一个电池包可以包括多个的第一电池模块1以及多个的第二电池模块2。分别的，第一电池模块1包括多个电池单体11，电池单体11设有防爆阀116；第二电池模块2包括多个电池单体11，电池单体11设有防爆阀116。本实施例中，以四个第一电池模块1与四个第二电池模块2为例，但并不限制第一电池模块1与第二电池模块2的数量。
如图3所示，电池单体11包括电极组件111、电池壳体112、电极端子连接件113、以及盖板114。电池壳体112可具有六面体形状或其他形状。电池壳体112具有容纳电极组件111和电解液的内部空间，并且电池壳体112具有开口。电极组件111容纳在电池壳体112内，盖板114覆盖开口，并用于将电极组件111封闭在电池壳体112内，电极组件111与电极端子115之间通过电极端子连接件113电连接。本实施例中，电极端子连接件113有两个，即分别为正极端子连接件和负极端子连接件。电池壳体112可以由例如铝、铝合金或塑料等材料制造。
电极组件111容纳于电池壳体112内，电极组件111包括第一极片1111、第二极片1112以及设置于所述第一极片1111和所述第二极片1112之间的隔 膜1113。第一极片1111可以是正极片或负极片，第二极片1112与第一极片1111的极性相反，相应地，第二极片1112为负极片或正极片。其中，隔膜1113是介于第一极片1111和第二极片1112之间的绝缘体。电极组件111可以是卷绕式结构(如图4)，也可以是叠片式结构(如图5)。
示例性地以第一极片1111为正极片，第二极片1112为负极片进行说明。同样地，在其他的实施例中，第一极片1111还可以为负极片，而第二极片1112为正极片。另外，正极活性物质被涂覆在正极片的涂覆区上，而负极活性物质被涂覆到负极片的涂覆区上。从涂覆区延伸出的未涂覆区则作为极耳，电极组件111包括两个极耳，即正极耳和负极耳，正极耳从正极片的涂覆区延伸出；负极耳从负极片的涂覆区延伸出。正极耳与正电极端子之间通过正极连接件电连接，负极耳与负电极端子之间通过负极连接件电连接。
电池壳体112大致为六面体结构，电池壳体112包括两个第一表面1121和两个第二表面1122，第一表面1121的面积大于第二表面1122的面积。在第一电池模块1与第二电池模块2中，每个电池单体11的两个第二表面1122沿水平方向(例如箭头x所指方向的长度方向)相互面对，每个电池单体11的两个第一表面1121沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)相互面对。
如图4所示，当电极组件111为卷绕式结构时，电极组件111为扁平状，并且电极组件111的外表面包括两个扁平面1114，两个扁平面1114均沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)相互面对，即扁平面1114与第一表面1121相互面对。电极组件111大致为六面体结构，扁平面1114大致平行于卷绕轴线且为面积最大的外表面。扁平面1114可以是相对平整的表面，并不要求是纯平面。
如图5所示，当电极组件111为叠片式结构时，第一极片1111、隔膜1113和第二极片1112沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)层叠，即第一极片1111的表面与第一表面1121相互面对。
电极组件111在充放电过程中不可避免的会沿第一极片1111的厚度方向发生膨胀(在卷绕式结构的电极组件111中，沿垂直于扁平面1114的方 向膨胀力最大；在叠片式结构的电极组件111中，沿第一极片1111和第二极片1112的堆叠方向膨胀力最大)。
本实施例中，电极组件111可以选用卷绕式结构或者叠片式结构。当电极组件111为卷绕式结构时，扁平面1114朝向竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)。当电极组件111为叠片式结构时，第一极片1111和第二极片1112沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)层叠。可见，电极组件111无论是采用卷绕式结构还是采用叠片式结构，电极组件111对电池壳体112施加最大膨胀力的方向都朝向竖直方向。
而现有技术中，电池模块2的电池单体11中，电极组件111对电池壳体112施加最大膨胀力的方向都是朝向水平方向，由于电池模块2沿水平方向的尺寸相比于竖直方向的尺寸大的多(这里的竖直方向是指与车辆底盘垂直的方法；此外，受到车辆的底盘高度尺寸限制，需要有更多的电池单体11沿水平方向堆叠，膨胀力累积大)，因此，现有电池模块2在水平方向上受到的膨胀力非常大，因此需要在电池模块2的水平方向两侧设置非常厚的端板以抵抗膨胀力，而端板加厚会降低电池模块2的能量密度。而本实施例中，电极组件111对电池壳体112施加最大膨胀力的方向是朝向竖直方向，而竖直方向上堆叠的电池单体11个数较少，因此相比于现有技术，可以大大减少电池模块2的最大膨胀力。
另外，由于电池单体11在充放电过程中还会在电池壳体112内部产生气体，产生的气体会对电池壳体112施加作用力，从而加剧电池壳体112向外膨胀。由于本申请的第一表面1121的面积大于第二表面1122的面积，并且电池单体11中的两个第一表面1121沿竖直方向相互面对，因此产生的气体对电池壳体112施加的最大作用力方向也是朝向竖直方向。相比于现有技术，进一步减少了电池模块2的最大膨胀力。
如图2所示，在本实施例中，电池包还包括防火构件3，防火构件3竖直设置(如图中所示的箭头z所指方向)，即防火构件3沿竖直方向延伸。第一电池模块1的防爆阀116和第二电池模块2的防爆阀116均面向防火构 件3，防火构件3位于第一电池模块1的防爆阀116和第二电池模块2的防爆阀116之间。此时，第一电池模块1的电池单体11与第二电池模块2的电池单体11的防爆阀116均朝向水平方向(例如箭头y所指的宽度方向)。
进一步的，防火构件3的熔点大于或等于500℃，使得火焰不会熔化防火构件3，以起到防火的作用。具体的，本实施例中防火构件3采用云母板的材质，由于云母板的熔点很高(大约1723℃)，因此可以达到防火构件3的耐火需求，并且云母板具有优良的加工性能。但是，并不局限于云母板的实施方式。
本实施例中，第一电池模块1的多个电池单体11沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)和/或水平方向(例如，箭头x所指的长度方向)排列，第二电池模块2的多个电池单体11沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)和/或水平方向(例如箭头x所指的长度方向)排列。具体地，第一电池模块1和第二电池模块2可以分别沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)排列1-5个电池单体11。第一电池模块1和第二电池模块2可以分别沿水平方向(例如，箭头x所指的长度方向)排列5-20个电池单体11。优选地，第一电池模组1的沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)的尺寸小于第一电池模组1的沿长度方向x的尺寸。第一电池模组1的沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)的尺寸小于第一电池模组1的沿宽度方向y的尺寸。
本实施例中，第一电池模块1还包括两个第一端板12，两个第一端板12分别位于第一电池模块1的多个电池单体11沿水平方向的两端，第一端板12用于对第一电池模块1的多个电池单体11进行固定。同样的，第二电池模块2还包括两个第二端板21，两个第二端板21分别位于第二电池模块2的多个电池单体11沿水平方向(例如，箭头x所指的长度方向)的两端，第二端板21用于对第二电池模块2的多个电池单体11进行固定。
如图2所示，本实施例中，第一电池模块1与第二电池模块2均包括沿长度方向(箭头x所指的长度方向)排列的七个电池单体11以及沿竖直方向(箭头z所指方向)排列的两排的电池单体11。当然，可根据需要调整电 池单体11的数量、长度、高度、体积等。
可选的，防火构件3沿上述电池单体11的排列方向延伸，防火构件3遮挡所有电池单体11的防爆阀116，即防火构件3遮挡第一电池模块1的所有电池单体11的防爆阀116以及第二电池模块2的所有电池单体11的防爆阀116。通过这种设计，可以避免任意一个已发生热失控的电池单体11引发与其防爆阀116相对的邻近电池单体也发生热失控。
本实施例中，防火构件3可以通过胶固定于第一电池模块1或第二电池模块2。
如图6所示，当电池单体11(可以是第一电池模块1的电池单体11或第二电池模块2的电池单体11)发生热失控时，防爆阀116破裂并且喷出火焰与高温颗粒6，此时由于设置了防火构件3，火焰与高温颗粒6均被防火构件3挡下，第一电池模块1的电池单体11与第二电池模块2的电池单体11并不会相互影响，避免了电池单体11集体热失控。另外，由于火焰与高温颗粒6不是直接向上喷出，因此可以提高电池包的安全性能。
可选的，防火构件3包括防火构件主体31以及连接于防火构件主体31上端的第一延伸部32，第一延伸部32朝靠近第一电池模块1的方向延伸；和/或，防火构件3包括防火构件主体31以及连接于防火构件3下端的第二延伸部33，第二延伸部33朝靠近第一电池模块1的方向延伸。由于设置了第一延伸部32，因此可以阻挡火焰和高温颗粒6向上扩散，进一步提高电池包的安全性能。由于设置了第二延伸部33，因此可以阻挡火焰和高温颗粒6向下扩散，进一步提高电池包的安全性能。
可选的，防火构件3还包括第三延伸部34，第三延伸部34连接于防火构件主体31上端，第三延伸部34朝靠近第二电池模块2的方向延伸；和/或，防火构件3还包括第四延伸部35，第四延伸部35连接于防火构件主体31下端，第四延伸部35朝靠近第二电池模块2的方向延伸。由于设置了第三延伸部34，因此可以阻挡火焰和高温颗粒6向上扩散，进一步提高电池包的安全性能。由于设置了第四延伸部35，因此可以阻挡火焰和高温颗粒6向下 扩散，进一步提高电池包的安全性能。
如图7所示，优选的，在本实施例中，防火构件3包括防火构件主体31、连接于防火构件主体31上端的第一延伸部32、第三延伸部34以及连接于防火构件主体31下端的第二延伸部33、第四延伸部35。
进一步地，第一延伸部32和第二延伸部33分别位于第一电池模块1的多个电池单体11的上侧和下侧，即第一延伸部32沿竖直方向的投影与电池单体11沿竖直方向的投影至少部分重叠，并且第二延伸部33沿竖直方向的投影与电池单体11沿竖直方向的投影至少部分重叠。
进一步地，第三延伸部34和第四延伸部35分别位于第二电池模块2的多个电池单体11的上侧和下侧，即第三延伸部34沿竖直方向的投影与电池单体11沿竖直方向的投影至少部分重叠，并且第四延伸部35沿竖直方向的投影与电池单体11沿竖直方向的投影至少部分重叠。
如此，通过第一延伸部32、第三延伸部34、第二延伸部33、第四延伸部35可以同时在三个方向上罩住第一电池模块1与第二电池模块2的防爆阀116，防止电池单体11热失控时，火焰与高温颗粒6向上或向下喷发。
优选的，防火构件主体31、第一延伸部32、第二延伸部33、第三延伸部34以及第四延伸部35为一体式结构。通过这种设计，用一个防火构件3就可以同时遮挡第一电池模块1的防爆阀116以及第二电池模块2的防爆阀116，减少了防火构件3的个数，并且降低了安装难度。
优选的，如图8所示，防火构件主体31可以包括第一防火板311、第二防火板312，第一防火板311和第二防火板312为分体式结构。第一防火板311位于第二防火板312的朝向第一电池模块1的一侧。第一延伸部32和第二延伸部33分别设置于第一防火板311的上端和下端。第一延伸部32、第二延伸部33和第一防火板311三者为一体式结构。第三延伸部34和第四延伸部35设置在第二防火板312的上端和下端。第三延伸部34、第四延伸部35和第二防火板312三者为一体式结构。
然而，需要说明的是，并不排除上述防火构件3出现各种第一延伸部 32、第二延伸部33、第三延伸部34、第四延伸部35任意组合的可能性，实际应用中，可以根据实际的情况，调整防火构件3的形状样式，以取得最佳效果，防火构件3并不局限于本实施例中的形状样式。
如图9至图11所示，本实施例中，第一电池模块1包括两个第一端板12，两个第一端板12分别位于第一电池模块1的多个电池单体11沿水平方向的两端，防火构件3的第一延伸部32和/或第二延伸部33与第一端板12相固定。
具体的，在本实施例中，第一端板12的上端设置有沿竖直方向的固定凸起121，防火构件3的第一延伸部32设置有容纳固定凸起121的固定孔321。
可替代的是，防火构件3的第一延伸部32的下表面设置有沿竖直方向的固定凸起121，第一端板12的上端设置有容纳固定凸起121的固定孔321。此时，通过固定凸起121与固定孔321的配合，将防火构件3固定在第一端板12上，如此装配简单，拆卸便捷。
在本实施例中，箱体包括上箱盖4以及下箱体5，上箱盖4与下箱体5之间密封设置，下箱体5的侧壁或底壁上设置有用于容纳防火构件3的容纳槽。如此，通过容纳槽可以很好的对防火构件3进行固定。
装配过程中，将多个电池单体11沿水平方向(例如箭头x所指的长度方向)和竖直方向排列(箭头z所指方向)，将两个端板分别位于多个电池单体11水平方向(例如箭头x所指的长度方向)排列的两端，以形成电池模块；将多个电池模块分别设置于箱体中，其中电池模块的防爆阀116均面向一个防火构件3。
此外，本申请部分实施例还提供一种车辆，包括上述的电池包。
需要说明的是，尽管在本文中已经对上述各实施例进行了描述，但并非因此限制本发明的专利保护范围。因此，基于本发明的创新理念，对本文所述实施例进行的变更和修改，或利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，直接或间接地将以上技术方案运用在其他相关的技术 领域，均包括在本发明专利的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    第一电池模块，所述第一电池模块包括多个电池单体，所述电池单体设有防爆阀；
    第二电池模块，所述第二电池模块包括多个电池单体，所述电池单体设有防爆阀；
    箱体，所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块均设置在所述箱体内；
    以及
    防火构件，所述防火构件竖直设置，所述第一电池模块的所述防爆阀和所述第二电池模块的所述防爆阀均面向所述防火构件，所述防火构件位于所述第一电池模块的所述防爆阀和所述第二电池模块的所述防爆阀之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述第一电池模块的所述多个电池单体沿竖直方向和/或水平方向排列，所述第二电池模块的所述多个电池单体沿竖直方向和/或水平方向排列。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件沿所述电池单体的排列方向延伸，所述防火构件遮挡所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块中的所有所述电池单体的所述防爆阀。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件包括防火构件主体以及连接于所述防火构件主体上端的第一延伸部，所述第一延伸部朝靠近所述第一电池模块的方向延伸；和/或，
    所述防火构件包括防火构件主体以及连接于所述防火构件下端的第二延伸部，所述第二延伸部朝靠近所述第一电池模块的方向延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述第一电池模块还包括两个第一端板，两个所述第一端板分别位于所述第一电池模块的所述多个电池单体沿水平方向的两端，所述防火构件的第一延伸部和/或第二延伸部与所述第一端板相固定。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述第一端板的顶面设置有沿所述竖直方向延伸的固定凸起，所述防火构件的所述第一延伸部设置有容纳所述固定凸起的固定孔；或者，
    所述防火构件的所述第一延伸部的下表面设置有沿所述竖直方向延伸的固定凸起，所述第一端板的顶面设置有容纳所述固定凸起的固定孔。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件包括防火构件主体、第一延伸部和第二延伸部，所述第一延伸部和所述第二延伸部分别连接于所述防火构件主体的上端和下端，所述第一延伸部和所述第二延伸部朝靠近所述第一电池模块的方向延伸，并且所述第一延伸部和所述第二延伸部分别位于所述第一电池模块的所述多个电池单体的上侧和下侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件还包括第三延伸部，所述第三延伸部连接于所述防火构件主体上端，所述第三延伸部朝靠近所述第二电池模块的方向延伸；和/或，
    所述防火构件还包括第四延伸部，所述第四延伸部连接于所述防火构件主体下端，所述第四延伸部朝靠近所述第二电池模块的方向延伸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件主体、所述第一延伸部、所述第二延伸部、所述第三延伸部以及所述第四延伸部为一体式结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件通过胶固定于所述第一电池模块和/或所述第二电池模块。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述箱体包括上箱盖以及下箱体，所述上箱盖与所述下箱体之间密封设置，所述下箱体的底壁和或/侧壁上设置有容纳所述防火构件的容纳槽。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件的熔点大于或等于500℃。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于：所述防火构件的材质为云母。
  14. 一种车辆，包括根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池包。
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CN209249548U (zh) * 2018-12-30 2019-08-13 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 一种电池模块及电池包
CN209447949U (zh) * 2019-03-07 2019-09-27 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 一种电池模块及电池包
CN209447890U (zh) * 2019-03-07 2019-09-27 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 一种电池模块及电池包
CN209496936U (zh) * 2019-04-08 2019-10-15 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池模组

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