WO2023173379A1 - 数据传输方法、第一设备和第二设备 - Google Patents

数据传输方法、第一设备和第二设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023173379A1
WO2023173379A1 PCT/CN2022/081550 CN2022081550W WO2023173379A1 WO 2023173379 A1 WO2023173379 A1 WO 2023173379A1 CN 2022081550 W CN2022081550 W CN 2022081550W WO 2023173379 A1 WO2023173379 A1 WO 2023173379A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
downlink
uplink
data
terminal
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PCT/CN2022/081550
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
左志松
崔胜江
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Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/081550 priority Critical patent/WO2023173379A1/zh
Publication of WO2023173379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023173379A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a data transmission method, a first device and a second device.
  • Radio Frequency Identification technology
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • electronic tags can automatically identify target objects through radio frequency signals to achieve data transmission.
  • data transmission based on RFID technology is mostly data transmission between multiple devices, and there are multiple devices, it is necessary to distinguish between different devices to ensure the correct transmission of data and to meet zero power consumption among multiple devices. data transmission requirements.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, a first device and a second device, which can realize data transmission, not only distinguish different devices, but also meet the data transmission requirements of zero power consumption.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, applied to a first device.
  • the method includes:
  • the first device receives a downlink signal sent by the second device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal;
  • the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method applied to a second device.
  • the method includes:
  • the second device sends a downlink signal to the first device, where the downlink signal carries the terminal identifier
  • the second device receives the uplink signal
  • the uplink signal is a signal obtained from the downlink signal when the first device identifies based on the terminal identifier, and the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including:
  • a first receiving unit configured to receive a downlink signal sent by the second device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier
  • a first identification unit configured to identify the terminal identifier as the first device's own identifier, and send an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal;
  • the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • This embodiment of the present application provides a second device, including:
  • a first sending unit configured to send a downlink signal to the first device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier
  • a second receiving unit used to receive uplink signals
  • the uplink signal is a signal obtained from the downlink signal when the first device identifies based on the terminal identifier, and the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call and run the computer programs stored in the memory, so that the terminal device executes the method described in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • This embodiment of the present application provides a second device, including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call and run the computer programs stored in the memory, so that the terminal device executes the method described in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip for implementing the method described in the above embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip includes: a processor, configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes the method described in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is run by a device, the device performs the method described in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions.
  • the computer program instructions cause a computer to execute the method described in the above embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which when run on a computer causes the computer to execute the above method described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first device (such as a zero-power consumption device) can receive a downlink signal sent by the second device, and the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device that does not require battery power. It can realize data transmission between the first device and the second device through backscatter communication, and the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier. , different terminal devices can be distinguished. Therefore, using the embodiments of the present application, not only can different devices be distinguished, but also zero-power consumption data transmission requirements can be met.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cellular-based zero-power consumption system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a zero-power system using auxiliary power supply cellular direct connection according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of backscattering based on a passive electronic tag according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another implementation of backscattering based on passive electronic tags according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of energy harvesting based on passive electronic tags according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a resistive load modulation circuit of a passive electronic tag according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario for implementing zero-power communication between a base station and a zero-power device according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of data transmission between energy supply nodes, network equipment and zero-power consumption devices according to a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of data transmission between a network device and a zero-power device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of downlink data transmission between a network device and a zero-power device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the encapsulation format of downlink signals in downlink data transmission between a network device and a zero-power device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of uplink data transmission between a network device and a zero-power device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic block diagram of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA broadband code division multiple access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Advanced long term evolution
  • NR New Radio
  • NTN Non-Terrestrial Networks
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Networks
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • 5G fifth-generation communication
  • the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a carrier aggregation (Carrier Aggregation, CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (Dual Connectivity, DC) scenario, or a standalone (Standalone, SA) deployment scenario.
  • CA Carrier Aggregation
  • DC Dual Connectivity
  • SA standalone deployment scenario.
  • the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the unlicensed spectrum, where the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as a shared spectrum; or the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to the licensed spectrum, where, Licensed spectrum can also be considered as unshared spectrum.
  • the embodiments of this application describe various embodiments in combination with network equipment and terminal equipment.
  • the terminal equipment may also be called user equipment (User Equipment, UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device, etc.
  • User Equipment User Equipment
  • the terminal device can be a station (ST) in the WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation system (Session Initiation Protocol, SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (Wireless Local Loop, WLL) station, or a personal digital processing unit.
  • ST station
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as aircraft, balloons and satellites). superior).
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone (Mobile Phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) terminal device, or an augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) terminal.
  • Equipment wireless terminal equipment in industrial control, wireless terminal equipment in self-driving, wireless terminal equipment in remote medical, wireless terminal equipment in smart grid , wireless terminal equipment in transportation safety, wireless terminal equipment in smart city, or wireless terminal equipment in smart home, etc.
  • the terminal device may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices. It is a general term for applying wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes, etc.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not just hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized devices that can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to cooperate with other devices such as smartphones.
  • the network device may be a device used to communicate with mobile devices.
  • the network device may be an access point (Access Point, AP) in WLAN, or a base station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS) in GSM or CDMA.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • it can be a base station (NodeB, NB) in WCDMA, or an evolutionary base station (Evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, or a relay station or access point, or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and an NR network network equipment (gNB) or network equipment in the future evolved PLMN network or network equipment in the NTN network, etc.
  • AP Access Point
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB, NB base station
  • Evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB evolution base station
  • gNB NR network network equipment
  • the network device may have mobile characteristics, for example, the network device may be a mobile device.
  • the network device can be a satellite or balloon station.
  • the satellite can be a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geosynchronous orbit (geostationary earth orbit, GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (High Elliptical Orbit, HEO) satellite ) satellite, etc.
  • the network device may also be a base station installed on land, water, etc.
  • network equipment can provide services for a cell, and terminal equipment communicates with the network equipment through transmission resources (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell.
  • the cell can be a network equipment ( For example, the cell corresponding to the base station), the cell can belong to the macro base station, or it can belong to the base station corresponding to the small cell (Small cell).
  • the small cell here can include: urban cell (Metro cell), micro cell (Micro cell), pico cell ( Pico cell), femto cell (Femto cell), etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-rate data transmission services.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a communication system 100.
  • the communication system 100 includes a network device 110 and two terminal devices 120.
  • the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and the coverage of each network device 110 may include other numbers of terminal devices 120, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 100 may also include other network entities such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME), an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), etc.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • network equipment may include access network equipment and core network equipment. That is, the wireless communication system also includes multiple core networks used to communicate with access network equipment.
  • the access network equipment can be a long-term evolution (long-term evolution, LTE) system, a next-generation (mobile communication system) (next radio, NR) system or authorized auxiliary access long-term evolution (LAA- Evolutionary base station (evolutional node B, abbreviated as eNB or e-NodeB) macro base station, micro base station (also known as "small base station"), pico base station, access point (access point, AP), Transmission point (TP) or new generation base station (new generation Node B, gNodeB), etc.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • NR next-generation
  • LAA- Evolutionary base station evolutional node B, abbreviated as eNB or e-NodeB
  • eNB next-generation
  • NR next-generation
  • LAA- Evolutionary base station evolutional node B, abbre
  • the communication equipment may include network equipment and terminal equipment with communication functions.
  • the network equipment and terminal equipment may be specific equipment in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be described again here; the communication equipment also It may include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities and other network entities, which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the "instruction” mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a direct instruction, an indirect instruction, or an association relationship.
  • a indicates B which can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association between A and B. relation.
  • correlate can mean that there is a direct correspondence or indirect correspondence between the two, it can also mean that there is an associated relationship between the two, or it can mean indicating and being instructed, configuration and being. Configuration and other relationships.
  • IoT scenarios in harsh communication environments may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed movement, such as ultra-high-voltage power stations, high-speed train track monitoring, and alpine zones.
  • extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed movement, such as ultra-high-voltage power stations, high-speed train track monitoring, and alpine zones.
  • existing IoT terminals will not be able to work due to the working environment limitations of conventional power supplies.
  • IoT maintenance such as battery replacement.
  • IoT terminals used for commodity management in the circulation process usually use electronic tags, which need to be embedded in commodity packaging in a very small form; for example, lightweight wearable devices can meet user needs while improving the user experience. , Wearable devices need to be designed to be smaller and lighter.
  • IoT scenarios that meet the requirements for extremely low-cost IoT communication, such as logistics or warehousing scenarios.
  • the IoT terminal can be attached to each item to communicate with the logistics network through the terminal. The communication between them completes the entire logistics process and precise management of the entire cycle.
  • the cost of the IoT terminal needs to be low enough to enhance the competitiveness relative to other alternative technologies.
  • the IoT communication scenario represented by the above scenario requires the support of IoT communication terminals with battery-free, ultra-low power consumption, extremely small size and extremely low cost.
  • Existing IoT communication technology is difficult to meet these needs, and zero-power communication technology using energy harvesting and backscattering is expected to become a new generation of communication technology due to its excellent performance such as extremely low power consumption, extremely small size, and extremely low cost.
  • IoT communication technology to solve the communication needs of IoT-related application scenarios.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a cellular-based zero-power communication system 200.
  • the zero-power communication system 200 includes: a network device and cellular users located in different cells. For example, in cell 1, there are two cellular users (such as terminal device 220-terminal device 230) evenly distributed around the network device 210 (such as a base station). , and there are also 2 cellular users (such as terminal equipment 240-terminal equipment 250) evenly distributed around the network device 210 (such as a base station) in cell 2.
  • the zero-power communication system 200 may also include multiple network devices, and the coverage of each network device may include other numbers of multiple terminal devices, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal equipment 220, the terminal equipment 230, the terminal equipment 240, and the terminal equipment 250 can be zero-power consumption equipment.
  • the zero-power consumption equipment itself does not need to carry a battery.
  • the terminal equipment 220 and the terminal equipment 230 can directly adopt radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency)-based Identification (RFID) technology tags, RFID tags are also called “radio frequency tags” or “electronic tags”. Specifically, they use passive electronic tags (or called passive electronic tags). Because they support backscattering, they can also be called Backscatter label.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • RFID tags are also called “radio frequency tags” or "electronic tags”. Specifically, they use passive electronic tags (or called passive electronic tags). Because they support backscattering, they can also be called Backscatter label.
  • the terminal equipment 240 and the terminal equipment 250 may be zero-power consumption equipment including passive electronic tags.
  • the passive electronic tags may be set inside the terminal equipment 240 and the terminal equipment 250, or the passive electronic tags may be affixed to the terminal equipment. 240 and the exterior of the terminal device 250 and so on.
  • the terminal device 240 and the terminal device 250 can be a mobile phone, and at least one of the terminal device 240 and the terminal device 250 can also be a signal receiver. They are not limited to the types of these terminal devices, as long as they can realize backscattering. within the protection scope of this application.
  • the zero-power communication system 200 adopts a cellular direct connection communication method, that is, the network device and the zero-power device communicate directly.
  • the zero-power device needs to receive wireless power signals to collect energy to obtain the energy required for work.
  • the network device sends wireless power signals and trigger signals to the zero-power device.
  • the wireless power supply signal is used to provide energy to zero-power consumption devices and can be a carrier signal sent by network equipment; the trigger signal can use the same carrier signal as the wireless power supply signal, and can be carried in the carrier signal and sent to the zero-power device.
  • Control information or data information of power-consuming devices, etc. the zero-power device modulates the carrier signal to obtain a backscattered signal, and transmits the reflected scattering signal to the network device through backscattering.
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows another cellular-based zero-power communication system 300.
  • the zero-power communication system 300 includes: a network device, cellular users located in different cells, and third-party devices used for power supply. For example, in cell 1, there is a cellular user (such as a base station) distributed around the network device 310 (such as a base station). terminal device 320), and there are 2 cellular users (such as terminal device 330-terminal device 340) evenly distributed around the network device 210 (such as base station) in cell 2.
  • the zero-power communication system 300 may also include multiple network devices, and the coverage of each network device may include other numbers of multiple terminal devices, one or more third-party devices, such as terminals.
  • the energy supply node 350 that supplies energy to the device 320 and the terminal device 330, and the energy supply node 360 that supplies energy to the terminal device 340 are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Terminal equipment 320, terminal equipment 330, and terminal equipment 340 can be zero-power consumption equipment.
  • the zero-power consumption equipment itself does not need to carry a battery.
  • terminal equipment 320 can directly use RFID tags.
  • RFID tags are also called “radio frequency tags” or “radio frequency tags”.
  • "Electronic tag” specifically, uses a passive electronic tag (or called a passive electronic tag). Since it supports backscattering, it can also be called a backscattering tag.
  • the terminal device 330 and the terminal device 340 may be zero-power consumption devices including passive electronic tags.
  • the passive electronic tags may be set inside the terminal device 330 and the terminal device 340, or the passive electronic tag may be affixed to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 330 can be a mobile phone, and the terminal device 340 can be a signal receiver. They are not limited to the types of these terminal devices. As long as the terminal devices can achieve backscattering, they are within the protection scope of this application.
  • the third-party equipment When the third-party equipment is an energy supply node, it can be a base station, a mobile phone, a relay node (Relay Node), a customer premise equipment (CPE), etc. in the network. If necessary, dedicated energy supply nodes can also be deployed.
  • the wireless communication signals (such as synchronization signals, broadcast signals, data channels, etc.) sent by these energy supply nodes can be used to provide wireless energy supply for zero-power devices, or, based on reasonable scheduling methods, these energy supply nodes can also send dedicated wireless power supply signal.
  • the zero-power communication system 300 adopts a cellular direct connection communication method with auxiliary power supply, that is, the zero-power device can obtain wireless power not only from the network device with which it communicates, but also from third-party devices. Energy Supply. Before communication, zero-power devices need to receive wireless power signals sent by third-party devices, obtain energy through wireless power supply, and perform energy harvesting to obtain the energy required for work. Considering that the intensity of the energy supply signal reaching the terminal equipment needs to meet a certain threshold, such as -20dBm or -30dBm, this results in the coverage range of the energy supply signal transmitted by the network equipment being limited when the energy supply signal transmission power is limited. Small, generally in the range of tens to 100 meters.
  • Wireless power supply needs to be achieved through more power supply nodes to significantly increase the coverage of wireless power supply, thereby improving the cell coverage of zero-power communication as much as possible.
  • other nodes in the network other than network equipment such as base stations
  • the energy supply nodes that can be used include mobile phones, Relay nodes, CPE, etc. in the network. If necessary, dedicated energy supply nodes can also be deployed. These energy supply nodes send wireless energy supply signals to zero-power devices, and network devices send trigger signals to zero-power devices.
  • the wireless power supply signal is used to provide energy to zero-power consumption devices and can be a carrier signal;
  • the trigger signal can use a different carrier signal from the wireless power supply signal, and can be carried in the carrier signal and sent to the zero-power consumption device.
  • Control information or data information, etc. the zero-power device modulates the carrier signal to obtain a backscattered signal, and transmits the reflected scattering signal to the network device through backscattering.
  • the zero-power consumption device is the above-mentioned passive electronic tag, or the zero-power consumption device may include the above-mentioned passive electronic tag.
  • the passive electronic tag includes an energy collection module (for energy collection), a backscatter communication module (for backscatter communication), a low-power computing module (for low-power computing) and a sensor module (for data Collection and reporting), in which the low-power computing module and the sensor module are optional modules.
  • the network device including but not limited to setting the reader/writer in the network device, or the network device supports the read and write processing performed by the reader/writer) sends an energy supply signal (such as radio wave) to the zero-power device, which can be zero-power. Consuming equipment provides the energy required for work.
  • the zero-power device can collect the energy carried by the radio waves in the space through the energy collection module, so as to drive the backscatter communication module, low-power computing module and sensor module to work through the energy collection module, and finally Implement backscatter communication.
  • the zero-power device obtains the energy required for work and can also receive trigger signals sent by the network device (such as control commands sent through the set reader/writer).
  • the zero-power device responds to the trigger signal and interacts with the device in a backscattering manner.
  • the network device establishes backscatter communication. For example, it can receive downlink data sent by the network device, and can also send uplink data requested by the network device.
  • the uplink data sent can come from the data stored in the zero-power device itself (such as Identity mark or pre-written information, such as product production date, brand, manufacturer, etc.).
  • the zero-power consumption device is the above-mentioned passive electronic tag, or the zero-power consumption device may include the above-mentioned passive electronic tag.
  • the passive electronic tag receives the carrier signal, collects energy through the energy collection module, supplies energy to the low-power computing module through the energy collection module, modulates the carrier signal and performs backscatter communication.
  • the zero-power consumption device is the above-mentioned passive electronic tag, or the zero-power consumption device may include the above-mentioned passive electronic tag.
  • the passive electronic tag uses an energy collection module (denoted as RF module) to collect space electromagnetic wave energy through electromagnetic induction, and then drives the load circuit (a load circuit composed of capacitors and resistors) to pass the energy.
  • the acquisition module drives the backscatter communication module, low-power computing module and sensor module to work, and finally realizes backscatter communication.
  • load modulation is an adjustment method for the passive electronic tag to transmit data to the reader.
  • the load modulation mainly adjusts the electrical parameters of the passive electronic tag oscillation circuit according to the rhythm of the data flow. The size and phase of the impedance of the passive electronic tag are changed accordingly, thereby completing the modulation process.
  • the load modulation mainly includes two adjustment methods: resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation.
  • resistive load modulation the load is connected in parallel with a resistor, called the load modulation resistor. This resistor is turned on and off according to the clock of the data flow.
  • the on and off of the switch S is controlled by binary data encoding.
  • capacitive load modulation compared to resistive load modulation, the load is connected in parallel with a capacitor, replacing the load modulation resistor controlled by binary data encoding in Figure 7.
  • the zero-power consumption equipment is the above-mentioned passive electronic tag, or the zero-power consumption equipment can include the above-mentioned passive electronic tag, therefore, the passive electronic tag can be used without relying on the traditional active power amplifier transmitter.
  • the energy collection module in the passive electronic tag performs energy collection, and at the same time uses the low-power computing module in the passive electronic tag, which greatly reduces the complexity of the hardware.
  • the zero-power device does not actively transmit signals.
  • a network device can perform data transmission based on backscattering with multiple zero-power devices. Considering that there are multiple terminal devices, different terminal devices need to be distinguished to ensure the correct transmission of data and to meet the zero-power data transmission requirements between multiple devices.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application, illustrating the data transmission method 800 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the base station 811 communicates with the mobile phone 821, the mobile phone 831 and the mobile phone 841.
  • At least one of the mobile phones 821, 831 and 841 is a mobile phone carrying a passive electronic tag.
  • the data transmission between the base station 811 and the mobile phone 841 ie: a mobile phone including a passive electronic tag
  • the data transmission includes some or all of the following steps:
  • the base station 811 sends a carrier signal, which includes a trigger signal for triggering backscatter communication (the trigger signal carries a terminal identifier), and an energy supply signal.
  • a carrier signal which includes a trigger signal for triggering backscatter communication (the trigger signal carries a terminal identifier), and an energy supply signal.
  • the mobile phone 841 receives the energy supply signal to obtain the energy required for work.
  • the mobile phone 841 receives the trigger signal and obtains the terminal identification carried in the trigger signal.
  • the mobile phone 841 recognizes the terminal identification as the terminal device's own identification and triggers the reverse direction. Scatter communication.
  • the mobile phone 841 sends a reflected signal to the base station 811 and establishes backscatter communication with the base station 811, where the reflected signal is obtained based on the carrier signal.
  • steps S810-S830 There is no necessary sequence relationship between steps S810-S830. Some of the steps can be selected and executed as needed, and the above steps do not need to be executed sequentially.
  • the above-mentioned data transmission based on backscattering between the base station and the mobile phone is only an example.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this example. It can be data transmission between multiple devices in other scenarios of the Internet of Things, such as in the warehousing scenario of the Internet of Things. Data transmission between an intelligent control center and multiple terminal devices, etc.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method 900 according to an embodiment of the present application. This method can optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto. The method includes at least some of the following:
  • the first device receives a downlink signal sent by the second device.
  • the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier, where the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the first device may be a terminal device
  • the second device may be a network device
  • the first device is a zero-power device including a passive electronic tag.
  • the zero-power device can not only Data transmission is realized based on backscatter communication with network equipment, and it can also meet the data transmission requirements of zero power consumption.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal.
  • the first device may be a terminal device
  • the second device may be a network device, where the first device is a zero-power device. Since there may be multiple zero-power devices communicating with the network device, it is necessary to distinguish Which zero-power consumption device is the downlink signal sent by the network device?
  • the zero-power device compares the terminal identification carried by the downlink signal with the zero-power consumption device's own identification, and recognizes that the terminal identification carried by the downlink signal is zero. In the case where the power consuming device identifies itself, it is clear that the downlink signal sent by the network device is for itself, and the uplink signal is sent to the second device based on the downlink signal.
  • the first device (such as a zero-power consumption device) can receive a downlink signal sent by the second device, and the downlink signal carries the terminal identifier.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device that does not require battery power. It can realize data transmission between the first device and the second device through backscatter communication, and the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier. Under this method, different terminal devices can be distinguished, thereby not only distinguishing different devices, but also meeting the data transmission requirements of zero power consumption.
  • the downlink signal is used to power the first device.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device, such as a base station.
  • the carrier signal sent by the base station is used as a downlink signal.
  • the downlink signal It can power the zero-power device by itself, and the downlink signal and power supply signal are the same.
  • the first device receives an energy supply signal, and the energy supply signal is used to supply energy to the first device.
  • the first device is a zero-power consumption device and requires other signals other than the downlink signal as the energy supply signal, which can be a network
  • the carrier signal sent by other energy supply nodes other than the base station (mobile phones, relay nodes, CPEs in the network, deployed dedicated energy supply nodes, etc.) is used as the energy supply signal.
  • the downlink signal and the energy supply signal are different.
  • the downlink signal may include two signals. If the downlink signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is used to carry the terminal identifier, and the second signal is used to carry the downlink signal. data or indication of upstream data.
  • the first signal may be a trigger signal carrying a terminal identification
  • the second signal may be a data signal carrying downlink data or an uplink data indication, where the downlink data is sent by the second device (network device) to the first device (zero).
  • the uplink data indication is used by the second device (network device) to request uplink data to be received from the first device (zero power consumption device).
  • the downlink signal may include one signal.
  • the first field is used to carry the terminal identification
  • the second field is used to carry Indication of downstream data or upstream data.
  • the downlink data is data sent by the second device (network device) to the first device (zero-power consumption device)
  • the uplink data indication is used by the second device (network device) to request from the first device (zero-power consumption device) Uplink data to be received.
  • identification of the terminal identity includes at least one of the following solutions 1 to 3:
  • the downlink signal includes two signals.
  • the first signal is used to carry the terminal identification
  • the second signal is used to carry the downlink data.
  • the first device identification The outgoing terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier
  • the uplink signal is sent to the second device according to the downlink signal, including at least part of the following content:
  • the first device obtains the terminal identification from the received first signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the zero-power device obtains a terminal identity from the first signal, where the terminal identity is an identity registered by the zero-power device when it initially accesses the network.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and receives the second signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device compares the terminal identity obtained from the first signal with its own identity, and after identifying the device from the first
  • the terminal identification obtained by the signal is the zero-power consumption device's own identification
  • the second signal sent by the network device is for itself, so as to receive the second signal and obtain downlink data from the second signal.
  • the first device determines the uplink signal based on whether the downlink data in the second signal is successfully received.
  • the uplink signal when the downlink data is successfully received, the uplink signal is determined to be an acknowledgment character (ACK). In other words, when the downlink data is successfully received, the uplink signal is ACK.
  • ACK acknowledgment character
  • the uplink signal when the downlink data is not successfully received, the uplink signal is determined to be a Negative Acknowledgment (NACK). In other words, when the downlink data is not successfully received, the uplink signal is NACK.
  • NACK Negative Acknowledgment
  • ACK and NACK are respectively sent through different sequences.
  • the first device sends an uplink signal to the second device.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device determines that the uplink signal is ACK or NACK based on whether the downlink data in the second signal is successfully received, and then sends ACK or NACK to the network. equipment.
  • the downlink signal includes one signal.
  • the downlink signal includes a first field and a second field.
  • the first field is used to carry the terminal identification
  • the second field is used to carry the downlink signal. data.
  • the first device recognizes the terminal identifier as the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal, including at least part of the following content:
  • the first device demodulates the downlink signal and obtains the terminal identification.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the zero-power device obtains the terminal identity from the first field through demodulation, where the terminal identity is the identity registered when the zero-power device initially accesses the network.
  • the first device recognizes the terminal identifier as the first device's own identifier and receives downlink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device and the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device will compare the terminal identifier obtained from the first field with the zero-power device's own identifier. After identifying the terminal identifier from the first field, When the terminal identification obtained in the field is the zero-power device's own identification, it is clear that the downlink signal sent by the network device is for itself, so as to receive the downlink signal and obtain downlink data from the second field of the downlink signal.
  • the first device determines the uplink signal based on whether the downlink data is successfully received.
  • the uplink signal when the downlink data is successfully received, the uplink signal is determined to be ACK. In other words, when the downlink data is successfully received, the uplink signal is ACK.
  • the uplink signal when the downlink data is not successfully received, the uplink signal is determined to be NACK. In other words, when the downlink data is not successfully received, the uplink signal is NACK.
  • ACK and NACK are respectively sent through different sequences.
  • the first device sends an uplink signal to the second device.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device determines that the uplink signal is ACK or NACK based on whether the downlink data in the downlink signal is successfully received, and then sends ACK or NACK to the network device. .
  • the downlink signal includes one signal.
  • the downlink signal includes a first field and a second field.
  • the first field is used for Carrying the terminal identification, this second field is used to carry downlink data.
  • the first device recognizes the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal, including at least part of the following content:
  • the first device obtains the terminal identification from the downlink signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device, and the zero-power device obtains the terminal identity from the first field through descrambling, where the terminal identity is the identity registered when the zero-power device initially accesses the network.
  • the first device performs CRC check descrambling based on the terminal identifier. If the descrambling is successful, the first device identifies the terminal identifier as the first device's own identifier and receives downlink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device's own identity is used to descramble the CRC check. If the descrambling is successful, the terminal obtained from the first field is identified. Identified as the zero-power device's own identification, it is clear that the downlink signal sent by the network device is for itself, so as to receive the downlink signal and obtain downlink data from the second field of the downlink signal.
  • the first device determines the uplink signal based on whether the downlink data is successfully received.
  • the uplink signal when the downlink data is successfully received, the uplink signal is determined to be ACK. In other words, when the downlink data is successfully received, the uplink signal is ACK.
  • the uplink signal when the downlink data is not successfully received, the uplink signal is determined to be NACK. In other words, when the downlink data is not successfully received, the uplink signal is NACK.
  • ACK and NACK are respectively sent through different sequences.
  • the first device sends an uplink signal to the second device.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device determines that the uplink signal is ACK or NACK based on whether the downlink data in the downlink signal is successfully received, and then sends ACK or NACK to the network device. .
  • identification of the terminal identity includes at least one of the following solutions (1) to (3):
  • the downlink signal includes two signals.
  • the first signal is used to carry the terminal identification
  • the second signal is used to carry the indication of the uplink data, as shown in Figure 13.
  • the first device recognizes the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal, including at least part of the following content:
  • the first device obtains the terminal identification from the received first signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the zero-power device obtains a terminal identity from the first signal, where the terminal identity is an identity registered when the zero-power device initially accesses the network.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and receives the second signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device compares the terminal identity obtained from the first signal with its own identity, and after identifying the device from the first When the terminal identification obtained by the signal is the zero-power consumption device's own identification, it is clear that the second signal sent by the network device is for itself, thereby receiving the second signal to obtain the uplink data indication from the second signal.
  • the first device sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the instruction of the uplink data in the second signal; wherein the uplink signal includes uplink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device
  • the zero-power device obtains an indication of uplink data from the second signal.
  • the uplink data indication is used by the network device to request the pending data from the zero-power device.
  • the zero-power device responds to the uplink data indication and sends an uplink signal including the uplink data to the network device.
  • the downlink signal includes one signal.
  • the downlink signal includes a first field and a second field.
  • the first field is used to carry the terminal identification
  • the second field is used to carry the terminal identifier.
  • the first device recognizes the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal, including at least part of the following content:
  • the first device demodulates the downlink signal and obtains the terminal identification.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the zero-power device obtains the terminal identity from the first field through demodulation, where the terminal identity is the identity registered when the zero-power device initially accesses the network.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and receives an instruction for uplink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device and the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device will compare the terminal identifier obtained from the first field with the zero-power device's own identifier. After identifying the terminal identifier from the first field, If the terminal identification obtained in the field is the zero-power device's own identification, it is clear that the downlink signal sent by the network device is for itself, so that the downlink signal is received and the uplink data indication is obtained from the second signal of the downlink signal.
  • the first device sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the instruction of the uplink data; wherein the uplink signal includes uplink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device
  • the zero-power device obtains an indication of uplink data from the second signal.
  • the uplink data indication is used by the network device to request the pending data from the zero-power device.
  • the zero-power device responds to the uplink data indication and sends an uplink signal including the uplink data to the network device.
  • the downlink signal includes one signal.
  • the downlink signal includes a first field and a second field.
  • the first field is used to carry the terminal identification.
  • the second field is used to carry an indication of uplink data.
  • the first device recognizes the terminal identifier as the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal, including at least part of the following content:
  • the first device obtains the terminal identification from the downlink signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device, and the zero-power device obtains the terminal identity from the first field through descrambling, where the terminal identity is the identity registered when the zero-power device initially accesses the network.
  • the first device performs CRC check descrambling based on the terminal identifier. If the descrambling is successful, it identifies the terminal identifier as the first device's own identifier and receives an instruction for the uplink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device.
  • the zero-power device's own identity is used to descramble the CRC check. If the descrambling is successful, the terminal obtained from the first field is identified. Identified as the zero-power device's own identification, it is clear that the downlink signal sent by the network device is for itself, so as to receive the downlink signal and obtain the uplink data indication from the second field of the downlink signal.
  • the first device sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the instruction of the uplink data; wherein the uplink signal includes uplink data.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device
  • the zero-power device obtains an indication of uplink data from the second signal.
  • the uplink data indication is used by the network device to request the pending data from the zero-power device.
  • the zero-power device responds to the uplink data indication and sends an uplink signal including the uplink data to the network device.
  • the uplink signal is scrambled using a CRC check method.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method 1600 according to an embodiment of the present application. This method can optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto. The method includes at least some of the following:
  • the second device sends a downlink signal to the first device, and the downlink signal carries the terminal identifier.
  • the second device is a network device and the first device is a zero-power device.
  • the network device sends a downlink signal to the zero-power device.
  • the zero-power device can obtain the terminal identification from the downlink signal, where the terminal identification is The identifier registered when a zero-power device initially accesses the network.
  • the second device receives an uplink signal, where the uplink signal is a signal obtained from the downlink signal when the first device identifies based on the terminal identifier, and the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the second device is a network device
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the network device sends a downlink signal to the zero-power device. Since there can be multiple zero-power devices communicating with the network device, they need to be distinguished. Which zero-power consumption device is the downlink signal sent by the network device? The zero-power device compares the terminal identification carried by the downlink signal with the zero-power consumption device's own identification, and recognizes that the terminal identification carried by the downlink signal is zero. In the case where the power consuming device identifies itself, it is clear that the downlink signal sent by the network device is for itself, and the uplink signal is sent to the second device based on the downlink signal.
  • the second device (such as a network device) can send a downlink signal to the second device (such as a zero-power consumption device), and the downlink signal carries the terminal identifier.
  • the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power device that does not require battery power. It can realize data transmission between the first device and the second device through backscatter communication, and the first device recognizes that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier. Under this method, different terminal devices can be distinguished, thereby not only distinguishing different devices, but also meeting the data transmission requirements of zero power consumption.
  • the second device uses downlink signals to power the first device.
  • the first device is a zero-power device
  • the second device is a network device, such as a base station.
  • the carrier signal sent by the base station is used as a downlink signal.
  • the signal itself can power the zero-power device, and the downlink signal and power supply signal are the same.
  • the second device sends an energy supply signal and uses the energy supply signal to supply energy to the first device.
  • the first device is a zero-power consumption device and the second device is a network device, such as a base station, which requires other signals besides downlink signals.
  • the energy supply signal it can be the carrier signal sent by other energy supply nodes other than the base station in the network (mobile phones, Relay nodes, CPEs in the network, deployed dedicated energy supply nodes, etc.) as the energy supply signal. Downlink signals and energy supply The signals are different.
  • the downlink signal may include two signals. If the downlink signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is used to carry the terminal identifier, and the second signal is used to carry the downlink signal. data or indication of upstream data.
  • the first signal may be a trigger signal carrying a terminal identification
  • the second signal may be a data signal carrying downlink data or an uplink data indication, where the downlink data is sent by the second device (network device) to the first device (zero).
  • the uplink data indication is used by the second device (network device) to request uplink data to be received from the first device (zero power consumption device).
  • the downlink signal may include one signal.
  • the first field is used to carry the terminal identification
  • the second field is used to carry Indication of downstream data or upstream data.
  • the downlink data is data sent by the second device (network device) to the first device (zero-power consumption device)
  • the uplink data indication is used by the second device (network device) to request from the first device (zero-power consumption device) Uplink data to be received.
  • the uplink signal includes: ACK or NACK, where ACK is used to describe that the first device successfully receives downlink data, and NACK is used to describe that the first device fails to receive the downlink data.
  • the uplink signal includes: uplink data, where the uplink data is used to describe data obtained by the first device according to instructions from the uplink data.
  • FIG 17 is a schematic data interaction diagram of a data transmission method 1700 according to an embodiment of the present application. This method can optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1, but is not limited thereto.
  • the above-mentioned first device is a zero-power consumption device
  • the above-mentioned second device is a network device
  • the above-mentioned downlink signal includes a first signal and a second signal, wherein the first signal is a trigger signal carrying a terminal identification, and the second signal is a trigger signal carrying downlink data.
  • the data signal indicated by the uplink data also includes the energy supply signal sent through the deployed dedicated energy supply node, that is, the energy supply signal and the trigger signal are different signals.
  • the method includes at least part of the following content:
  • the energy supply node sends an energy supply signal.
  • the network device sends a trigger signal, and the trigger signal carries the terminal identifier.
  • the network device sends a data signal, which carries downlink data or uplink data indication.
  • the data signal is used by the network device to send downlink data to the terminal device, or the network device requests uplink data by sending an uplink data indication to the terminal device.
  • the zero-power device receives the energy supply signal and extracts the energy required for work from the energy supply signal.
  • the zero-power consumption device When the zero-power consumption device recognizes that the terminal identification carried in the trigger signal is the zero-power consumption device's own identification, it receives the data signal.
  • the zero-power device when the zero-power device recognizes that the terminal identity carried in the trigger signal is the zero-power device's own identity, it obtains the downlink data sent by the network device from the data signal;
  • the zero-power device when the zero-power device recognizes that the terminal identity carried in the trigger signal is the zero-power device's own identity, it obtains the uplink data indication from the data signal, responds to the uplink data indication, and prepares the requested data for the network device. upstream data.
  • S1760 The network device establishes backscatter communication with the zero-power device, and the network device receives the uplink signal sent by the zero-power device.
  • the uplink signal is a reflected signal obtained according to the downlink signal. Specifically, it is obtained according to the data signal. For example, when the downlink data sent by the network device is obtained from the data signal, it is based on whether the downlink data is successful.
  • receive to determine the uplink signal the uplink signal includes: ACK or NACK; for example, when the uplink data indication is obtained from the data signal, the uplink signal is obtained in response to the uplink data indication, and the uplink signal includes uplink data (the uplink data is represented by used to describe the data obtained by the zero-power device according to the instructions of the uplink data).
  • the zero-power consumption device in the embodiment of the present application may include a passive electronic tag.
  • the passive electronic tag may utilize radio coupling at the transceiver end (including short-range inductive coupling and long-distance electromagnetic coupling, etc.) to realize identification information in the tag.
  • Contactless automatic identification and transmission Specifically, the passive electronic tag utilizes the energy obtained from the electromagnetic field generated in space to achieve zero-power backscatter communication.
  • the electronic tag antenna within the range generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, and the induced current drives the electronic tag chip circuit.
  • the chip circuit sends the identification information stored in the tag to the reader through the electronic tag antenna.
  • the reader/writer reads the identification information and decodes it, thereby identifying the information carried by the passive electronic tag.
  • the reader/writer can be set up in any device that communicates with the zero-power device.
  • the reader/writer is set up in a network device, or the network device supports the read and write processing performed by the reader/writer. These are protected by this application. within the range.
  • the downlink signal of a network device may trigger multiple zero-power devices to respond and send uplink signals (the uplink signal is a reflected signal in backscatter communication).
  • the uplink signal is a reflected signal in backscatter communication.
  • the network equipment distinguish between different devices? Which of the uplink signals sent by the zero-power device is requested by the uplink data indicator carried in the downlink signal, so as to correctly receive the uplink signal sent by the zero-power device, is a technical problem to be solved.
  • the following examples of the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish terminal identifiers carried in downlink signals.
  • zero-power data transmission is achieved based on zero-power devices.
  • the uplink signal is a reflected signal and will not be described in detail.
  • the embodiments of this application are also suitable for initial access, paging and other scenarios.
  • FIG 18 is a schematic diagram of zero-power communication between a network device and a terminal device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device is a zero-power device. Since the zero-power device is not installed The battery, therefore, needs to obtain an energy supply signal through a network device (such as a base station) or other sources (such as a specially deployed energy supply node). In this example, the energy supply signal is sent by a specially deployed energy supply node to provide zero power. Consuming equipment provides the energy required for work. Zero-power devices receive downlink signals and energy supply signals.
  • the downlink signal when the downlink signal is two signals, it includes a first signal (such as a trigger signal carrying a terminal identification) and a second signal (such as a data signal carrying downlink data or uplink data indication).
  • the downlink signal is one signal. In this case, it includes a first field (such as trigger information carrying a terminal identification) and a second field (such as data information carrying downlink data or uplink data indication).
  • the zero-power device obtains the reflected signal based on the downlink signal, it sends the reflected signal to the network device through backscattering.
  • the energy supply signal and the downlink signal are different signals, and the two signals do not need to be sent in the same frequency band; if the above-mentioned energy supply signal passes through the network equipment ( If the base station transmits it, the energy supply signal and the downlink signal are the same signal, and the two signals can be sent in the same frequency band.
  • network equipment can continuously or intermittently send energy supply signals in a certain frequency band, which is a continuous wave (CW), such as a sine wave. If the energy supply signal is continuously sent, the continuously sent energy supply signal includes: a constant amplitude continuous wave signal.
  • the zero-power device receives the energy supply signal and collects energy. After obtaining the energy required for the zero-power device to work, it can perform functions such as signal reception, signal reflection, and measurement.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of downlink data transmission between a network device and a terminal device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device is a zero-power device
  • the network device is a zero-power device.
  • the downlink signal includes a first field (such as trigger information carrying a terminal identification) and a second field (such as data information carrying downlink data).
  • the terminal identification is recorded as "0”
  • the downlink data is recorded as "1”.
  • the feedback uplink data (such as ACK/NACK) can be recorded as "0" in the reflected signal.
  • this zero-power device can use different forms of codes to represent binary "1" and "0" (or, use different pulse signals to represent 0 and 1).
  • Wireless radio frequency The identification system can use one of the following encoding methods: Reverse Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, Differential Biphase (DBP) encoding, Miller (Miller) encoding spread dynamic encoding.
  • NRZ Reverse Non-Return to Zero
  • Manchester encoding Manchester encoding
  • Unipolar RZ encoding Unipolar RZ encoding
  • DBP Differential Biphase
  • Miller (Miller) encoding Miller (Miller) encoding spread dynamic encoding.
  • the downlink signal is used to supply energy to the zero-power device, and the energy required for the operation of the zero-power device is extracted from the energy supply signal.
  • the zero-power device receives the downlink signal and recognizes that the terminal identification carried in the first field of the downlink signal is the zero-power device's own identification, then the zero-power device receives the downlink data carried in the second field of the downlink signal. , the reflected signal is determined based on whether the downlink data is successfully received. If the downlink data is successfully received, the reflected signal includes ACK.
  • the zero-power consumption device establishes backscatter communication with the network device and sends the reflected signal including ACK; if not If the downlink data is successfully received, the reflected signal includes NACK.
  • the zero-power consumption device establishes backscatter communication with the network device and sends the reflected signal including NACK.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of uplink data transmission between a network device and a terminal device according to an example of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device is a zero-power device
  • the network device is a zero-power device.
  • the downlink signal is one signal
  • the downlink signal includes a first field (such as trigger information carrying a terminal identification) and a second field (such as data information carrying an uplink data indication).
  • the downlink signal can include
  • the terminal identification and the uplink data indication are respectively distinguished by different identification information. For example, the terminal identification is recorded as "0" and the uplink data indication is recorded as "1".
  • the downlink signal is used to supply energy to the zero-power device, and the energy required for the operation of the zero-power device is extracted from the energy supply signal.
  • the zero-power device receives the downlink signal and recognizes that the terminal identification carried in the first field of the downlink signal is the zero-power device's own identification, then the zero-power device receives the uplink data carried in the second field of the downlink signal.
  • Instruction in response to the uplink data instruction, obtain a reflected signal based on the downlink signal.
  • the reflected signal includes the uplink data requested by the network device from the zero-power device (the uplink data is used to describe the data obtained by the zero-power device according to the instruction of the uplink data. data).
  • the downlink signal may also include: cell identifier.
  • the first signal (such as a trigger signal) carries the cell identifier, thereby distinguishing different cells and achieving zero power consumption. Which cell the device belongs to. If data duplication occurs during data transmission, it can be clearly determined to which cell the data is sent.
  • it may also include: carrying the terminal identification in the reflected signal, and the terminal identification may also be used as a preamble of the downlink signal.
  • the reflected signal does not carry the terminal identification. That is, carrying the terminal identification in the reflected signal is optional and can be configured according to data transmission requirements.
  • both the downlink signal and the reflected signal can use a time division structure to define different components of the corresponding signal, or the structure can be defined in combination with frequency division, code division, and other methods.
  • the reflected signal can be obtained after modulating the downlink signal.
  • the modulation method can include at least one of amplitude modulation, phase modulation, and frequency modulation.
  • the amplitude of the carrier can change with the change of the modulation signal, thereby obtaining various amplitude modulation signals.
  • the zero-power device can obtain the reflected signal through subcarrier modulation and then send the reflected signal.
  • the subcarrier modulation can modulate the signal on carrier 1, or perform another modulation on the modulation result of carrier 1, so that the modulation result can be used to modulate the signal on another carrier 2 with a higher frequency. .
  • Figure 22 is a schematic block diagram of a first device 2200 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first device 2200 may include: a first receiving unit 2210, configured to receive a downlink signal sent by the second device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier; a first identification unit 2220, configured to identify that the terminal identifier is the first The device identifies itself and sends an uplink signal to the second device according to the downlink signal.
  • the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the downlink signal is used to power the first device; or, it further includes: a second receiving unit, configured to receive a power signal, and the power signal is used to power the first device.
  • the first device supplies energy.
  • the downlink signal when the downlink signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is used to carry the terminal identity, and the second signal is used to carry downlink data or uplink data. Data instructions.
  • the downlink signal when the downlink signal includes a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry the terminal identity, and the second field is used to carry downlink data or uplink data. Data instructions.
  • the first identification unit is configured to obtain the terminal identification from the received first signal; identify the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, receive the the second signal; determine the uplink signal according to whether the downlink data in the second signal is successfully received; and send the uplink signal to the second device.
  • the first identification unit is configured to determine that the uplink signal is ACK when the downlink data is successfully received; and to determine that the downlink signal is ACK when the downlink data is not received successfully.
  • the uplink signal is NACK.
  • the first identification unit is used to demodulate the downlink signal to obtain the terminal identification; identify the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, and receive the downlink signal. data; determining the uplink signal according to whether the downlink data is successfully received; and sending the uplink signal to the second device.
  • the first identification unit is configured to determine that the uplink signal is ACK when the downlink data is successfully received; and to determine that the downlink signal is ACK when the downlink data is not received successfully.
  • the uplink signal is NACK.
  • the first identification unit is used to obtain the terminal identification from the downlink signal; perform descrambling of CRC check based on the terminal identification. If the descrambling is successful, Recognize that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, receive the downlink data, determine the uplink signal according to whether the downlink data is successfully received, and send the uplink signal to the second device.
  • the first identification unit is configured to determine that the uplink signal is ACK when the downlink data is successfully received; and to determine that the downlink signal is ACK when the downlink data is not received successfully.
  • the uplink signal is NACK.
  • an identification unit is further included, configured to respectively identify the ACK and the NACK through different sequences.
  • the first identification unit is configured to obtain the terminal identification from the received first signal; identify the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, receive the the second signal; sending the uplink signal to the second device according to the indication of the uplink data in the second signal; wherein the uplink signal includes the uplink data.
  • the first identification unit is used to demodulate the downlink signal to obtain the terminal identification; identify the terminal identification as the first device's own identification, and receive the uplink signal. an indication of data; sending the uplink signal to the second device according to the indication of the uplink data; wherein the uplink signal includes the uplink data.
  • the first identification unit is used to obtain the terminal identification from the downlink signal; perform descrambling of CRC check based on the terminal identification. If the descrambling is successful, Recognizing that the terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, receiving an indication of the uplink data; sending the uplink signal to the second device according to the indication of the uplink data; wherein the uplink signal includes the Upstream data.
  • a scrambling unit is further included for scrambling the uplink signal through a CRC check method.
  • the terminal identity is an identity registered when the first device initially accesses the network.
  • the first device 2200 in this embodiment of the present application may be a zero-power consumption device and can implement the corresponding functions of the first device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the first device 2200 please refer to the corresponding description in the above method embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the first device 2200 in the embodiment of the application can be implemented by different modules (sub-module, unit or component, etc.), or can be implemented by the same module.
  • a module (submodule, unit or component, etc.) is implemented.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram of a second device 2300 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second device 2300 may include: a first sending unit 2310, configured to send a downlink signal to the first device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier; a second receiving unit 2320, configured to receive an uplink signal; wherein, the uplink signal It is a signal obtained from the downlink signal when the first device identifies based on the terminal identifier, and the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the first sending unit is configured to use the downlink signal to power the first device; or to send an energy supply signal, and use the energy supply signal to power the first device.
  • a device supplies energy.
  • the downlink signal when the downlink signal includes a first signal and a second signal, the first signal is used to carry the terminal identity, and the second signal is used to carry downlink data or uplink data. Data instructions.
  • the downlink signal when the downlink signal includes a first field and a second field, the first field is used to carry the terminal identity, and the second field is used to carry downlink data or uplink data. Data instructions.
  • the uplink signal includes: ACK or NACK, where the ACK is used to describe that the first device successfully receives the downlink data, and the NACK is used to describe that the first device successfully receives the downlink data.
  • the downlink data was not successfully received.
  • the uplink signal includes: uplink data, where the uplink data is used to describe data obtained by the first device according to instructions from the uplink data.
  • the terminal identity is an identity registered when the first device initially accesses the network.
  • the second device 2300 in this embodiment of the present application may be a network device and can implement the corresponding functions of the second device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the second device 2300 please refer to the corresponding description in the above method embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • the functions described for each module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.) in the second device 2300 of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-module, unit or component, etc.), or can be implemented by the same module.
  • a module (submodule, unit or component, etc.) is implemented.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2400 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 2400 includes a processor 2410, and the processor 2410 can call and run a computer program from the memory, so that the communication device 2400 implements the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • communication device 2400 may also include memory 2420.
  • the processor 2410 can call and run the computer program from the memory 2420, so that the communication device 2400 implements the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 2420 may be a separate device independent of the processor 2410, or may be integrated into the processor 2410.
  • the communication device 2400 may also include a transceiver 2430, and the processor 2410 may control the transceiver 2430 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the communication device 2400 may send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data sent by other devices. .
  • the transceiver 2430 may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 2430 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.
  • the communication device 2400 can be the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 2400 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described here. Repeat.
  • the communication device 2400 can be the second device in the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 2400 can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described here. Repeat.
  • FIG 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 2500 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 2500 includes a processor 2510, and the processor 2510 can call and run a computer program from the memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 2500 may also include a memory 2520.
  • the processor 2510 can call and run the computer program from the memory 2520 to implement the method executed by the first device or the second device in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 2520 may be a separate device independent of the processor 2510, or may be integrated into the processor 2510.
  • the chip 2500 may also include an input interface 2530.
  • the processor 2510 can control the input interface 2530 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, it can obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.
  • the chip 2500 may also include an output interface 2540.
  • the processor 2510 can control the output interface 2540 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips.
  • the chip can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the details will not be described again.
  • the chip can be applied to the second device in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in the various methods of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the details will not be described again.
  • the chips applied to the first device and the second device may be the same chip or different chips.
  • chips mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be called system-on-chip, system-on-a-chip, system-on-chip or system-on-chip, etc.
  • the processor mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or Other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • the above-mentioned general processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • non-volatile memory may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM).
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application can also be a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), Synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection Dynamic random access memory (synch link DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DR RAM) and so on. That is, memories in embodiments of the present application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 2600 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 2600 includes a first device 2610 and a second device 2620.
  • the first device 2610 may be a zero-power consumption device, including: a first receiving unit, configured to receive a downlink signal sent by the second device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier; and a first identification unit, configured to identify the The terminal identifier is the first device's own identifier, and the uplink signal is sent to the second device according to the downlink signal; wherein the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the second device 2620 may be a network device, including: a first sending unit, configured to send a downlink signal to the first device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier; a second receiving unit, configured to receive an uplink signal; wherein, The uplink signal is a signal obtained from the downlink signal when the first device identifies based on the terminal identifier, and the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • a first sending unit configured to send a downlink signal to the first device, where the downlink signal carries a terminal identifier
  • a second receiving unit configured to receive an uplink signal
  • the uplink signal is a signal obtained from the downlink signal when the first device identifies based on the terminal identifier, and the first device is a zero-power consumption device.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted over a wired connection from a website, computer, server, or data center (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means to transmit to another website, computer, server or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种数据传输方法、第一设备及第二设备，其中，所述方法包括：第一设备接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号；其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备，采用本申请，不仅能区分不同的设备，而且能满足零功耗的数据传输需求。

Description

数据传输方法、第一设备和第二设备 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，更具体地，涉及一种数据传输方法、第一设备和第二设备。
背景技术
射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)俗称电子标签，可以通过射频信号自动识别目标对象，以实现数据传输。考虑到基于RFID技术的数据传输，大多数是在多个设备间的数据传输，而设备为多个，因此，需要区分不同的设备以确保数据的正确传输，以及满足多个设备间零功耗的数据传输需求。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、第一设备和第二设备，可以实现数据传输，不仅能区分不同的设备，而且能满足零功耗的数据传输需求。
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，应用于第一设备，所述方法包括：
第一设备接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号；
其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，应用于第二设备，所述方法包括：
第二设备向第一设备发送下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
第二设备接收上行信号；
其中，所述上行信号为所述第一设备基于所述终端标识进行识别的情况下根据所述下行信号得到的信号，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
本申请实施例提供一种第一设备，包括：
第一接收单元，用于接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
第一识别单元，用于识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号；
其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
本申请实施例提供一种第二设备，包括：
第一发送单元，用于向第一设备发送下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
第二接收单元，用于接收上行信号；
其中，所述上行信号为所述第一设备基于所述终端标识进行识别的情况下根据所述下行信号得到的信号，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
本申请实施例提供一种第一设备，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使该终端设备执行上述本申请实施例所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供一种第二设备，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使该终端设备执行上述本申请实施例所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供一种芯片，用于实现上述本申请实施例所述的方法。
具体地，该芯片包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有该芯片的设备执行上述本申请实施例所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，当该计算机程序被设备运行时使得该设备执行上述本申请实施例所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行上述的本申请实施例所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述的本申请实施例所述的方法。
本申请实施例中，第一设备(如零功耗设备)可以接收第二设备发送的下行信号，该下行信号携带终端标识。第一设备识别出该终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据该下行信号向该第二设备发送上行信号。该第一设备为零功耗设备，无需电池供电，可以通过反向散射通信在第一设备与第二设备之间实现数据传输，而且第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识的情况下，可以区分出不同的终端设备，从而，采用本申请实施例，不仅能区分出不同的设备，而且能满足零功耗的数据传输需求。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的一应用场景的示意图。
图2是根据本申请实施例的基于蜂窝的零功耗系统的示意图。
图3是根据本申请实施例的采用辅助供能蜂窝直连的零功耗系统的示意图。
图4是根据本申请一实施例的一基于无源电子标签实现反向散射的示意图。
图5是根据本申请一实施例的另一基于无源电子标签实现反向散射的示意图。
图6是根据本申请一实施例的一基于无源电子标签实现能量采集的示意图。
图7是根据本申请一实施例的无源电子标签的电阻负载调制电路的示意图。
图8是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的基站与零功耗设备间实现零功耗通信一应用场景的示意图。
图9是根据本申请实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图10是根据本申请实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图11是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图12是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图13是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图14是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图15是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图16是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图17是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法的供能节点、网络设备与零功耗设备间数据传输的示意图。
图18是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与零功耗设备间数据传输的示意图。
图19是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与零功耗设备间下行的数据传输示意图。
图20是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与零功耗设备间下行的数据传输中下行信号的封装格式示意图。
图21是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与零功耗设备间上行的数据传输示意图。
图22是根据本申请一实施例的第一设备的示意性框图。
图23是根据本申请一实施例的第二设备的示意性框图。
图24是根据本申请实施例的通信设备示意性框图。
图25是根据本申请实施例的芯片的示意性框图。
图26是根据本申请实施例的通信系统的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、先进的长期演进(Advanced long term evolution，LTE-A)系统、新无线(New Radio，NR)系统、NR系统的演进系统、非授权频谱上的LTE(LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum，LTE-U)系统、非授权频谱上的NR(NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum，NR-U)系统、非地面通信网络(Non-Terrestrial Networks，NTN)系统、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System，UMTS)、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)、第五代通信(5th-Generation，5G)系统或其他通信系统等。
通常来说，传统的通信系统支持的连接数有限，也易于实现，然而，随着通信技术的发展，移动通信系统将不仅支持传统的通信，还将支持例如，设备到设备(Device to Device，D2D)通信，机器到机器(Machine to Machine，M2M)通信，机器类型通信(Machine Type Communication，MTC)，车辆间(Vehicle to Vehicle，V2V)通信，或车联网(Vehicle to everything，V2X)通信等，本申请实施例也可以应用于这些通信系统。
可选地，本申请实施例中的通信系统可以应用于载波聚合(Carrier Aggregation，CA)场景，也可以应用于双连接(Dual Connectivity，DC)场景，还可以应用于独立(Standalone，SA)布网场景。
可选地，本申请实施例中的通信系统可以应用于非授权频谱，其中，非授权频谱也可以认为是共享频谱；或者，本申请实施例中的通信系统也可以应用于授权频谱，其中，授权频谱也可以认为是非共享频谱。
本申请实施例结合网络设备和终端设备描述了各个实施例，其中，终端设备也可以称为用户设备(User Equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置等。
终端设备可以是WLAN中的站点(STAION，ST)，可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动系统(Session Initiation Protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(Wireless Local Loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)设备、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调 制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、下一代通信系统例如NR网络中的终端设备，或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)网络中的终端设备等。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备可以是手机(Mobile Phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端设备、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端设备、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端设备、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端设备、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端设备、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端设备或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端设备等。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
在本申请实施例中，网络设备可以是用于与移动设备通信的设备，网络设备可以是WLAN中的接入点(Access Point，AP)，GSM或CDMA中的基站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)，也可以是WCDMA中的基站(NodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE中的演进型基站(Evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)，或者中继站或接入点，或者车载设备、可穿戴设备以及NR网络中的网络设备(gNB)或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备或者NTN网络中的网络设备等。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，网络设备可以具有移动特性，例如网络设备可以为移动的设备。可选地，网络设备可以为卫星、气球站。例如，卫星可以为低地球轨道(low earth orbit，LEO)卫星、中地球轨道(medium earth orbit，MEO)卫星、地球同步轨道(geostationary earth orbit，GEO)卫星、高椭圆轨道(High Elliptical Orbit，HEO)卫星等。可选地，网络设备还可以为设置在陆地、水域等位置的基站。
在本申请实施例中，网络设备可以为小区提供服务，终端设备通过该小区使用的传输资源(例如，频域资源，或者说，频谱资源)与网络设备进行通信，该小区可以是网络设备(例如基站)对应的小区，小区可以属于宏基站，也可以属于小小区(Small cell)对应的基站，这里的小小区可以包括：城市小区(Metro cell)、微小区(Micro cell)、微微小区(Pico cell)、毫微微小区(Femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围小、发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
图1示例性地示出了一种通信系统100。该通信系统100包括一个网络设备110和两个终端设备120。可选地，该通信系统100可以包括多个网络设备110，并且每个网络设备110的覆盖范围内可以包括其它数量的终端设备120，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
可选地，该通信系统100还可以包括移动性管理实体(Mobility Management Entity，MME)、接入与移动性管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)等其他网络实体，本申请实施例 对此不作限定。
其中，网络设备又可以包括接入网设备和核心网设备。即无线通信系统还包括用于与接入网设备进行通信的多个核心网。接入网设备可以是长期演进(long-term evolution，LTE)系统、下一代(移动通信系统)(next radio，NR)系统或者授权辅助接入长期演进(authorized auxiliary access long-term evolution，LAA-LTE)系统中的演进型基站(evolutional node B，简称可以为eNB或e-NodeB)宏基站、微基站(也称为“小基站”)、微微基站、接入站点(access point，AP)、传输站点(transmission point，TP)或新一代基站(new generation Node B，gNodeB)等。
应理解，本申请实施例中网络/系统中具有通信功能的设备可称为通信设备。以图1示出的通信系统为例，通信设备可包括具有通信功能的网络设备和终端设备，网络设备和终端设备可以为本申请实施例中的具体设备，此处不再赘述；通信设备还可包括通信系统中的其他设备，例如网络控制器、移动管理实体等其他网络实体，本申请实施例中对此不做限定。
应理解，本文中术语“系统”和“网络”在本文中常被可互换使用。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
应理解，在本申请的实施例中提到的“指示”可以是直接指示，也可以是间接指示，还可以是表示具有关联关系。举例说明，A指示B，可以表示A直接指示B，例如B可以通过A获取；也可以表示A间接指示B，例如A指示C，B可以通过C获取；还可以表示A和B之间具有关联关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“对应”可表示两者之间具有直接对应或间接对应的关系，也可以表示两者之间具有关联关系，也可以是指示与被指示、配置与被配置等关系。
为便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，以下对本申请实施例的相关技术进行说明，以下相关技术作为可选方案与本申请实施例的技术方案可以进行任意结合，其均属于本申请实施例的保护范围。
随着通信技术的快速发展，涌现了与多种物联网通信技术适配的相关行业应用，但仍有大量应用场景的相关需求没有得到很好的满足，包括但不限于如下场景：
(1)一些严苛通信环境下的物联网场景，可能面临高温、极低温、高湿、高压、高辐射或高速运动等极端环境，如超高压电站、高速运动的列车车轨监测、高寒地带环境监测、工业产线等。在这些场景中，受限于常规电源的工作环境限制，现有物联网终端将无法工作。另外，极端的工作环境也不利于物联网的维护，如更换电池。
(2)极小尺寸的终端形态要求的物联网场景，如食品溯源、商品流通以及智能可穿戴等要求终端具备极小的尺寸，以方便在这些场景下使用。比如，用于流通环节上商品管理的物联网终端通常使用电子标签的形式，需要以非常小巧的形态嵌入到商品包装中；比如，轻巧的可穿戴设备可以在满足用户需求的同时提升用户使用体验，需要将可穿戴设备的尺寸设计的体积更小、重量更轻。
(3)符合极低成本物联网通信需求的物联网场景，如物流或仓储场景，为了便于管理大量流通的物品，可以将物联网终端附着在每一件物品上，从而通过该终端与物流网络之间的通信完成物流全过程、及全周期的精确管理，需要物联网终端的成本足够低廉，从而提升相对于其他可替代的技术的竞争力。
以上述场景为代表的物联网通信场景要求支持具备免电池、超低功耗、极小尺寸和极低成本特性的物联网通信终端。现有的物联网通信技术难以满足这些需求，而使用能量采集和反向散射的零功耗通信技术由于其出色的极低功耗、极小尺寸、极低成本等优良性能，有望成为新一代物联网通信技术，从而 解决物联网相关应用场景的通信需求。
图2示例性地示出了一种基于蜂窝的零功耗通信系统200。零功耗通信系统200包括：一个网络设备和位于不同小区的蜂窝用户，比如，小区1中存在围绕网络设备210(如基站)均匀分布的2个蜂窝用户(如终端设备220-终端设备230)，以及小区2中也存在围绕网络设备210(如基站)均匀分布的2个蜂窝用户(如终端设备240-终端设备250)。可选地，该零功耗通信系统200还可以包括多个网络设备，并且每个网络设备的覆盖范围内可以包括其它数量的多个终端设备，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
终端设备220、终端设备230、终端设备240、终端设备250可以为零功耗设备，零功耗设备自身不需携带电池，其中，终端设备220和终端设备230可以直接采用基于射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)技术的标签，RFID标签又称为“射频标签”或“电子标签”，具体的，采用无源电子标签(或称为被动式电子标签)，由于支持反向散射，还可以称为反向散射标签。终端设备240和终端设备250可以为包括无源电子标签的零功耗设备，比如，在终端设备240和终端设备250内部设置该无源电子标签，也可以将该无源电子标签贴在终端设备240和终端设备250的外部等等。其中，终端设备240和终端设备250可以为手机，终端设备240和终端设备250中的至少之一也可以为信号接收机，不限于这些终端设备的类型，只要可以实现反向散射的终端设备都在本申请的保护范围之内。
如图2所示，零功耗通信系统200采用蜂窝直连的通信方式，即网络设备和零功耗设备直接进行通信。在通信之前，零功耗设备需要接收无线供能信号进行能量采集以获取工作所需要的能量，相应的，网络设备向零功耗设备发送无线供能信号和触发信号。其中，该无线供能信号用于向零功耗设备提供能量，可以为网络设备发送的载波信号；该触发信号可以与该无线供能信号采用同一载波信号，在载波信号中可以携带发给零功耗设备的控制信息或数据信息等，零功耗设备对载波信号调制后得到反向散射信号，通过反向散射的方式将该反射散射信号传输给网络设备。
图3示例性地示出了另一种基于蜂窝的零功耗通信系统300。零功耗通信系统300包括：一个网络设备、位于不同小区的蜂窝用户及用于供能的第三方设备，比如，小区1中存在围绕网络设备310(如基站)分布的1个蜂窝用户(如终端设备320)，以及小区2中存在围绕网络设备210(如基站)均匀分布的2个蜂窝用户(如终端设备330-终端设备340)，。可选地，该零功耗通信系统300还可以包括多个网络设备，并且每个网络设备的覆盖范围内可以包括其它数量的多个终端设备，第三方设备为一个或多个，比如为终端设备320和终端设备330供能的供能节点350，及为终端设备340供能的供能节点360，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
终端设备320、终端设备330、终端设备340可以为零功耗设备，零功耗设备自身不需携带电池，其中，终端设备320可以直接采用RFID标签，RFID标签又称为“射频标签”或“电子标签”，具体的，采用无源电子标签(或称为被动式电子标签)，由于支持反向散射，还可以称为反向散射标签。终端设备330和终端设备340可以为包括无源电子标签的零功耗设备，比如，在终端设备330和终端设备340内部设置该无源电子标签，也可以将该无源电子标签贴在终端设备330和终端设备340的外部等等。其中，终端设备330可以为手机，终端设备340可以为信号接收机，不限于这些终端设备的类型，只要可以实现反向散射的终端设备都在本申请的保护范围之内。
第三方设备为供能节点的情况下，可以为网络中的基站、手机、中继节点(Relay Node)、用户前置设备(Customer Premise Equipment，CPE)等。在必要的情况下，也可以部署专用的供能节点。这些供能节点发送的无线通信信号(如同步信号、广播信号、数据信道等)可以用于为零功耗设备提供无线 供能，或者，基于合理的调度方式，这些供能节点也可以发送专用的无线供能信号。
如图3所示，零功耗通信系统300采用辅助供能的蜂窝直连的通信方式，即：零功耗设备不仅可以从与其通信的网络设备获得无线供能，也可以从第三方设备获得供能。在通信之前，零功耗设备需要接收第三方设备发送的无线供能信号，通过无线供能的方式获得能量，以进行能量采集，从而获取工作所需要的能量。考虑到供能信号到达终端设备的强度需要满足一定的门限，如-20dBm或-30dBm，这就造成了在供能信号发射功率受限的情况下，网络设备发射的供能信号覆盖的范围较小，一般在几十米到100米的范围。从蜂窝小区的覆盖来看，无线供能的覆盖范围远小于数据传输信号的覆盖范围。需要通过更多的供能节点来实现无线供能，以显著提高无线供能的覆盖范围，从而尽可能提升零功耗通信的小区覆盖。为此，可以使用网络中除网络设备(如基站)之外的其他节点用于无线供能，比如，可以使用的供能节点包括网络中的手机、Relay节点、CPE等。在必要的情况下，也可以部署专用供能节点。这些供能节点向零功耗设备发送无线供能信号，网络设备向零功耗设备发送触发信号。其中，该无线供能信号用于向零功耗设备提供能量，可以为载波信号；该触发信号可以与该无线供能信号采用不同的载波信号，在载波信号中可以携带发给零功耗设备的控制信息或数据信息等，零功耗设备对载波信号调制后得到反向散射信号，通过反向散射的方式将该反射散射信号传输给网络设备。
如图4所示，零功耗设备为上述无源电子标签，或者零功耗设备可以包括上述无源电子标签。该无源电子标签包括能量采集模块(用于能量采集)、反向散射通信模块(用于反向散射通信)、低功耗计算模块(用于低功耗计算)及传感器模块(用于数据采集及上报)，其中，该低功耗计算模块及该传感器模块是可选的模块。网络设备(包括但不限于将读写器设置于网络设备中，或者网络设备支持读写器所执行的读写处理)向零功耗设备发送供能信号(如无线电波)，可以为零功耗设备提供工作所需的能量。具体的，该零功耗设备可以通过该能量采集模块采集空间中该无线电波所携带的能量，以便通过该能量采集模块驱动反向散射通信模块、低功耗计算模块及传感器模块进行工作，最终实现反向散射通信。零功耗设备获得工作所需的能量，还可以接收网络设备发送的触发信号(如通过设置的读写器发送的控制命令)，零功耗设备响应该触发信号，以反向散射的方式与网络设备建立反向散射通信，比如，可以接收网络设备发送的下行数据，也可以发送网络设备所请求的上行数据，其中，所发送的上行数据可以来自于零功耗设备自身存储的数据(如身份标识或预先写入的信息，如商品的生产日期、品牌、生产厂家等)。
如图5所示，零功耗设备为上述无源电子标签，或者零功耗设备可以包括上述无源电子标签。该无源电子标签接收载波信号，通过能量采集模块来采集能量，以通过该能量采集模块对低功耗计算模块进行供能，对载波信号进行调制后执行反向散射通信。
如图6所示，零功耗设备为上述无源电子标签，或者零功耗设备可以包括上述无源电子标签。该无源电子标签利用能量采集模块(记为RF模块)通过电磁感应，来实现对空间电磁波能量的采集，进而实现对负载电路(由电容和电阻构成的负载电路)的驱动，以便通过该能量采集模块驱动反向散射通信模块、低功耗计算模块及传感器模块进行工作，最终实现反向散射通信。
如图7所示，负载调制是该无源电子标签向读写器传输数据的调整方法，具体的，该负载调制主要通过对无源电子标签振荡回路的电参数按照数据流的节拍进行调节，使该无源电子标签阻抗的大小和相位随之改变，从而完成调制的过程。该负载调制主要有电阻负载调制和电容负载调制两种调整方式。其中，在电阻负载调制中，负载并联一个电阻，称为负载调制电阻，该电阻按数据流的时钟接通和断开， 开关S的通断由二进制数据编码控制。在电容负载调制中，相比于该电阻负载调制，是负载并联一个电容，取代了图7中由二进制数据编码控制的负载调制电阻。
综上所述，考虑到物联网中连接物的种类及应用场景越来越多，为了实现万物互联，规避在蜂窝网络中传统的终端设备需要电池供电导致功耗高的问题，在蜂窝网络中引入零功耗设备，由于零功耗设备为上述无源电子标签，或者零功耗设备可以包括上述无源电子标签，因此，不依赖传统的有源功放发射机，可以通过该无源电子标签中的能量采集模块进行能量采集，同时使用该无源电子标签中的低功耗计算模块，极大降低了硬件的复杂度，而且该零功耗设备不主动发射信号，通过对接收的载波信号进行调整来实现反向散射通信，从而，采用免电池的该零功耗设备，可以实现免电池、零功耗的反向散射通信，既满足了物联网相关应用场景的通信需求，又降低了物联网相关通信系统的投入成本。
以上行数据/下行数据的数据传输为例，一个网络设备可以与多个零功耗设备进行基于反向散射的数据传输。考虑到终端设备为多个，需要区分不同的终端设备以确保数据的正确传输，以及满足多个设备间零功耗的数据传输需求。
图8是根据本申请实施例的另一应用场景的示意图，示例性地示出了本申请实施例的数据传输方法800。以网络设备为基站，终端设备为手机为例，基站811与手机821、手机831及手机841之间进行通信。手机821、手机831及手机841中的至少一部手机为携带无源电子标签的手机，以基站811与及手机841(即：包括无源电子标签的手机)的数据传输为例，该数据传输的过程包括下面的部分步骤或全部步骤：
S810、基站811发送载波信号，该载波信号包括用于触发反向散射通信的触发信号(该触发信号携带终端标识)，以及供能信号。
S820、手机841接收该供能信号以得到工作所需的能量，手机841接收该触发信号，得到该触发信号中携带的终端标识，手机841识别出该终端标识为终端设备自身标识，触发反向散射通信。
S830、手机841向基站811发送反射信号，与基站811建立反向散射通信，其中，反射信号根据该载波信号得到。
步骤S810-S830不存在必然的顺序关系，可以根据需要选择其中部分步骤予以执行，不需要顺序执行上述步骤。
上述基站与及手机之间基于反向散射实现的数据传输仅为示例，本申请实施例不限于该示例，可以是物联网其他场景中多个设备之间的数据传输，如物联网仓储场景中的一个智能控制中心与多个终端设备之间的数据传输等等。
图9是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法900的示意性流程图。该方法可选地可以应用于图1所示的系统，但并不仅限于此。该方法包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S910、第一设备接收第二设备发送的下行信号，该下行信号携带终端标识，其中，该第一设备为零功耗设备。
一些示例中，第一设备可以是终端设备，第二设备可以是网络设备，其中，第一设备为包括无源电子标签的零功耗设备，通过该无源电子标签，零功耗设备不仅可以与网络设备基于反向散射通信实现数据传输，而且，还能满足零功耗的数据传输需求。
S920、第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号。
一些示例中，第一设备可以是终端设备，第二设备可以是网络设备，其中，第一设备为零功耗设备，由于与网络设备通信的该零功耗设备可以为多个，需要区分出网络设备发送的下行信号是给哪个零功耗设备的，零功耗设备将该下行信号携带的终端标识与零功耗设备自身标识进行比对，在识别出该下行信号携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，明确出网络设备发送的下行信号是给自己的，从而根据该下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号。
采用本申请实施例，第一设备(如零功耗设备)可以接收第二设备发送的下行信号，该下行信号携带终端标识。第一设备识别出该终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据该下行信号向该第二设备发送上行信号。该第一设备为零功耗设备，无需电池供电，可以通过反向散射通信在第一设备与第二设备之间实现数据传输，而且第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识的情况下，可以区分出不同的终端设备，从而，不仅能区分出不同的设备，而且能满足零功耗的数据传输需求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，包括如下方案(1)-方案(2)中的至少之一：
(1)该下行信号用于为第一设备进行供能，比如，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，如基站，将基站发送的载波信号作为下行信号，该下行信号自身就可以为该零功耗设备供能，下行信号和供能信号是相同的。
(2)第一设备接收供能信号，该供能信号用于为第一设备进行供能，比如第一设备为零功耗设备，需要下行信号以外的其他信号作为供能信号，可以是网络中基站之外的其他供能节点(网络中的手机、Relay节点、CPE，部署的专用供能节点等)发送的载波信号作为供能信号，下行信号和供能信号是不同的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该下行信号可以包括2个信号，下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，该第一信号用于携带终端标识，该第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。比如，第一信号可以为携带终端标识的触发信号，第二信号可以为携带下行数据或上行数据指示的数据信号，其中，该下行数据为第二设备(网络设备)发送给第一设备(零功耗设备)的数据，上行数据指示用于第二设备(网络设备)向第一设备(零功耗设备)请求待接收的上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该下行信号可以包括1个信号，该下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，该第一字段用于携带终端标识，该第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。其中，该下行数据为第二设备(网络设备)发送给第一设备(零功耗设备)的数据，上行数据指示用于第二设备(网络设备)向第一设备(零功耗设备)请求待接收的上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，针对终端标识的识别，包括如下方案一-方案三中的至少之一：
一、时分：针对下行数据的传输场景，下行信号包括2个信号的情况，该第一信号用于携带终端标识，该第二信号用于携带下行数据，如图10所示，第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号，包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1010、第一设备从接收的第一信号中得到终端标识。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备从该第一信号中得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1020、第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收第二信号。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备将从第一信号得到的终端标识与零功耗设备自身标识进行比对，在识别出从第一信号得到的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情 况下，明确出网络设备发送的第二信号是给自己的，从而接收第二信号，以从第二信号中得到下行数据。
一些示例中，第一信号与第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
S1030、第一设备根据第二信号中的下行数据是否成功接收确定上行信号。
一些示例中，该下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定上行信号为确认字符(Acknowledgement，ACK)，换言之，成功接收该下行数据，上行信号为ACK。
一些示例中，该下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定上行信号为未确认字符(Negative Acknowledgement，NACK)，换言之，未成功接收该下行数据，上行信号为NACK。
一些示例中，通过不同序列的方式来分别ACK和NACK。
S1040、第一设备向第二设备发送上行信号。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备根据第二信号中的下行数据是否成功接收确定上行信号为ACK或NACK后，发送ACK或NACK给网络设备。
二、调制：针对下行数据的传输场景，下行信号包括1个信号的情况，该下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段，该第一字段用于携带终端标识，该第二字段用于携带下行数据。如图11所示，第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号，包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1110、第一设备对下行信号进行解调，得到终端标识。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备通过解调，从第一字段中得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1120、第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收下行数据。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备将从第一字段中得到终端标识与零功耗设备自身标识进行比对，在识别出从第一字段中得到的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，明确出网络设备发送的下行信号是给自己的，从而接收下行信号，以从下行信号的第二字段中得到下行数据。
S1130、第一设备根据下行数据是否成功接收确定上行信号。
一些示例中，该下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定上行信号为ACK，换言之，成功接收该下行数据，上行信号为ACK。
一些示例中，该下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定上行信号为NACK，换言之，未成功接收该下行数据，上行信号为NACK。
一些示例中，通过不同序列的方式来分别ACK和NACK。
S1140、第一设备向第二设备发送上行信号。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备根据下行信号中的下行数据是否成功接收确定上行信号为ACK或NACK后，发送ACK或NACK给网络设备。
三、循环冗余校验(CRC)校验的解扰：针对下行数据的传输场景，下行信号包括1个信号的情况，该下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段，该第一字段用于携带终端标识，该第二字段用于携带下行数据。如图12所示，第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号，包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1210、第一设备从下行信号中得到终端标识。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备通过解扰，从第一字段中得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1220、第一设备根据终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收下行数据。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，使用零功耗设备自身标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功，则识别出从第一字段中得到的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识，明确出网络设备发送的下行信号是给自己的，从而接收下行信号，以从下行信号的第二字段中得到下行数据。
S1230、第一设备根据下行数据是否成功接收确定上行信号。
一些示例中，该下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定上行信号为ACK，换言之，成功接收该下行数据，上行信号为ACK。
一些示例中，该下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定上行信号为NACK，换言之，未成功接收该下行数据，上行信号为NACK。
一些示例中，通过不同序列的方式来分别ACK和NACK。
S1240、第一设备向第二设备发送上行信号。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备根据下行信号中的下行数据是否成功接收确定上行信号为ACK或NACK后，发送ACK或NACK给网络设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，针对终端标识的识别，包括如下方案(1)-方案(3)中的至少之一：
一、时分：针对上行数据的传输场景而言，下行信号包括2个信号的情况，该第一信号用于携带终端标识，该第二信号用于携带上行数据的指示，如图13所示，第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号，包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1310、第一设备从接收的第一信号中得到终端标识。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备从该第一信号得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1320、第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收第二信号。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备将从第一信号得到的终端标识与零功耗设备自身标识进行比对，在识别出从第一信号得到的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，明确出网络设备发送的第二信号是给自己的，从而接收第二信号，以从第二信号中得到上行数据的指示。
一些示例中，第一信号与第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
S1330、第一设备根据第二信号中的上行数据的指示，向第二设备发送上行信号；其中，上行信号包括上行数据。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备从第二信号中得到上行数据的指示，该上行数据指示用于网络设备向零功耗设备请求待接收的上行数据，零功耗设备响应该上行数据指示，向网络设备发送包括上行数据的上行信号。
二、调制：针对上行数据的传输场景而言，下行信号包括1个信号的情况，该下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段，该第一字段用于携带终端标识，该第二字段用于携带上行数据的指示。如图14所示，第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号，包括以下内容 的至少部分内容：
S1410、第一设备对下行信号进行解调，得到终端标识。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备通过解调，从第一字段中得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1420、第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收上行数据的指示。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备将从第一字段中得到终端标识与零功耗设备自身标识进行比对，在识别出从第一字段中得到的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，明确出网络设备发送的下行信号是给自己的，从而接收下行信号，以从下行信号的第二信号中得到上行数据的指示。
S1430、第一设备根据上行数据的指示，向第二设备发送上行信号；其中，上行信号包括上行数据。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备从第二信号中得到上行数据的指示，该上行数据指示用于网络设备向零功耗设备请求待接收的上行数据，零功耗设备响应该上行数据指示，向网络设备发送包括上行数据的上行信号。
三、CRC校验的解扰：针对上行数据的传输场景而言，下行信号包括1个信号的情况，该下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段，该第一字段用于携带终端标识，该第二字段用于携带上行数据的指示。如图15所示，第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号，包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1510、第一设备从下行信号中得到终端标识。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备通过解扰，从第一字段中得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1520、第一设备根据终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收上行数据的指示。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，使用零功耗设备自身标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功，则识别出从第一字段中得到的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识，明确出网络设备发送的下行信号是给自己的，从而接收下行信号，以从下行信号的第二字段中得到上行数据的指示。
S1530、第一设备根据上行数据的指示，向第二设备发送上行信号；其中，上行信号包括上行数据。
一些示例中，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，零功耗设备从第二信号中得到上行数据的指示，该上行数据指示用于网络设备向零功耗设备请求待接收的上行数据，零功耗设备响应该上行数据指示，向网络设备发送包括上行数据的上行信号。
一些示例中，该上行信号通过CRC校验方式进行加扰。
图16是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法1600的示意性流程图。该方法可选地可以应用于图1所示的系统，但并不仅限于此。该方法包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1610、第二设备向第一设备发送下行信号，下行信号携带终端标识。
一些示例中，第二设备为网络设备，第一设备为零功耗设备，网络设备向零功耗设备发送下行信号，零功耗设备可以从该下行信号中得到终端标识，其中，终端标识为零功耗设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
S1620、第二设备接收上行信号，其中，上行信号为第一设备基于终端标识进行识别的情况下根据 下行信号得到的信号，第一设备为零功耗设备。
一些示例中，第二设备为网络设备，第一设备为零功耗设备，网络设备向零功耗设备发送下行信号，由于与网络设备通信的该零功耗设备可以为多个，需要区分出网络设备发送的下行信号是给哪个零功耗设备的，零功耗设备将该下行信号携带的终端标识与零功耗设备自身标识进行比对，在识别出该下行信号携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，明确出网络设备发送的下行信号是给自己的，从而根据该下行信号向第二设备发送上行信号。
采用本申请实施例，第二设备(如网络设备)可以向第二设备(如零功耗设备)发送下行信号，该下行信号携带终端标识。第一设备识别出该终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据该下行信号向该第二设备发送上行信号。该第一设备为零功耗设备，无需电池供电，可以通过反向散射通信在第一设备与第二设备之间实现数据传输，而且第一设备识别出终端标识为第一设备自身标识的情况下，可以区分出不同的终端设备，从而，不仅能区分出不同的设备，而且能满足零功耗的数据传输需求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，包括如下方案(1)-方案(2)中的至少之一：
(1)第二设备采用下行信号为第一设备进行供能，比如，第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，如基站，将基站发送的载波信号作为下行信号，该下行信号自身就可以为该零功耗设备供能，下行信号和供能信号是相同的。
(2)第二设备发送供能信号，采用供能信号为第一设备进行供能，比如第一设备为零功耗设备，第二设备为网络设备，如基站，需要下行信号以外的其他信号作为供能信号，可以是网络中基站之外的其他供能节点(网络中的手机、Relay节点、CPE，部署的专用供能节点等)发送的载波信号作为供能信号，下行信号和供能信号是不同的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该下行信号可以包括2个信号，下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，该第一信号用于携带终端标识，该第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。比如，第一信号可以为携带终端标识的触发信号，第二信号可以为携带下行数据或上行数据指示的数据信号，其中，该下行数据为第二设备(网络设备)发送给第一设备(零功耗设备)的数据，上行数据指示用于第二设备(网络设备)向第一设备(零功耗设备)请求待接收的上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该下行信号可以包括1个信号，该下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，该第一字段用于携带终端标识，该第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。其中，该下行数据为第二设备(网络设备)发送给第一设备(零功耗设备)的数据，上行数据指示用于第二设备(网络设备)向第一设备(零功耗设备)请求待接收的上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，上行信号包括：ACK或NACK，其中，ACK用于描述第一设备成功接收下行数据，NACK用于描述第一设备未成功接收所述下行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，上行信号包括：上行数据，其中，上行数据，用于描述第一设备根据上行数据的指示得到的数据。
图17是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法1700的示意性数据交互图。该方法可选地可以应用于图1所示的系统，但并不仅限于此。上述第一设备为零功耗设备，上述第二设备为网络设备，上述下行信号包括第一信号和第二信号，其中，第一信号为携带终端标识的触发信号，第二信号为携带下行数据或上行数据指示的数据信号，还包括通过部署的专门供能节点发送的供能信号，即供能信号与触发信号为不同的信号，该方法包括以下内容的至少部分内容：
S1710、供能节点发送供能信号。
S1720、网络设备发送触发信号，该触发信号携带终端标识。
S1730、网络设备发送数据信号，该数据信号携带下行数据或上行数据指示。
一些示例中，数据信号用于网络设备向终端设备发送下行数据，或网络设备通过向终端设备发送上行数据指示来请求上行数据。
S1740、零功耗设备接收供能信号，从该供能信号中提取工作所需的能量。
S1750、零功耗设备识别出该触发信号中携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，接收该数据信号。
一些示例中，零功耗设备识别出该触发信号中携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，从该数据信号中得到网络设备发送的下行数据；
一些示例中，零功耗设备识别出该触发信号中携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识的情况下，从该数据信号中得到上行数据指示，响应上行数据指示，为网络设备准备所请求的上行数据。
S1760、网络设备与零功耗设备建立反向散射通信，网络设备接收零功耗设备发送的上行信号。
一些示例中，该上行信号为根据该下行信号得到的反射信号，具体的，根据该数据信号得到，比如，从该数据信号中得到网络设备发送的下行数据的情况下，根据该下行数据是否成功接收来确定上行信号，上行信号包括：ACK或NACK；比如，从该数据信号中得到上行数据指示的情况下，响应该上行数据指示，得到上行信号，该上行信号包括上行数据(该上行数据用于描述零功耗设备根据上行数据的指示得到的数据)。
下面对上述本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法进行详细说明。
本申请实施例的零功耗设备可以包括无源电子标签，该无源电子标签可以利用收发端无线电耦合的方式(包括近距离的电感耦合和远距离的电磁耦合等)，实现标签中标识信息无接触的自动识别与传输。具体的，该无源电子标签利用空间中产生的电磁场得到的能量，实现零功耗的反向散射通信，当该无源电子标签接近读写器时，处于读写器天线辐射形成的近场范围内的电子标签天线通过电磁感应产生感应电流，感应电流驱动电子标签芯片电路。在通信过程中，芯片电路通过电子标签天线将存储在标签中的标识信息发送给读写器。读写器读取该标识信息并且进行解码，从而识别出该无源电子标签所携带的信息。读写器可以设置在任意与该零功耗设备进行耗通信的设备中，比如将读写器设置于网络设备中，或者网络设备支持读写器所执行的读写处理都在本申请的保护范围之内。
考虑到如果网络设备的下行信号到达多个零功耗设备，可能会触发多个零功耗设备都予以响应并发送上行信号(反向散射通信中该上行信号即为反射信号)。在下行的数据传输场景中，如何能够区分出不同的零功耗设备，以正确接收网络设备发送的下行信号中携带的下行数据，以及在上行的数据传输场景中，如何让网络设备区分出不同的零功耗设备发送的上行信号中哪个是自己通过下行信号中携带的上行数据指示所请求的，以正确接收零功耗设备发送的上行信号，是要解决的技术问题。
采用本申请实施例的如下各个示例，通过下行信号中携带的终端标识进行区分，同时，在反向散射场景中，基于零功耗设备实现零功耗的数据传输。在如下的反向散射场景中，上行信号为反射信号，不做赘述。除了适用于零功耗设备相应的数据传输，本申请实施例还适用于初始接入，寻呼等场景。
示例一：
图18是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与终端设备间零功耗通信的示意图， 如图18所示，终端设备为零功耗设备，零功耗设备由于不安装电池，因此，需要通过网络设备(如基站)或其他来源(如专门部署的供能节点)得到供能信号，本示例中，供能信号由专门部署的供能节点发送，用于为零功耗设备提供工作所需的能量。零功耗设备接收下行信号和供能信号。其中，下行信号为2个信号的情况下，包括第一信号(如携带终端标识的触发信号)及第二信号(如携带下行数据或上行数据指示的数据信号)，下行信号为1个信号的情况下，包括第一字段(如携带终端标识的触发信息)及第二字段(如携带下行数据或上行数据指示的数据信息)。零功耗设备根据下行信号得到反射信号后，通过反向散射向网络设备发送该反射信号。
需要指出的是，若上述供能信号由专门部署的供能节点发送，则供能信号与下行信号为不同的信号，这两个信号可以不在一个频段发送；若上述供能信号通过网络设备(如基站)发送，则供能信号与下行信号为同一个信号，这两个信号可以在同一个频段发送。
针对供能信号而言，网络设备可以在某个频段持续或者间歇性的发送供能信号，是一种连续波(Continuous wave，CW)，例如正弦波。若连续发送该供能信号，连续发送的该供能信号包括：恒幅连续波信号。零功耗设备接收供能信号，进行能量采集，获得零功耗设备工作所需的能量之后，可以进行信号接收，信号反射以及测量等功能。
示例二：
图19是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与终端设备间下行的数据传输示意图，如图19所示，终端设备为零功耗设备，网络设备侧向零功耗设备发送下行信号，下行信号为1个信号的情况下，如图20所示，下行信号包括第一字段(如携带终端标识的触发信息)及第二字段(如携带下行数据的数据信息)，该下行信号中，将该终端标识记为“0”，将该下行数据记为“1”。反射信号中可以将反馈的上行数据(如ACK/NACK)记为“0”。
需要指出的是，该零功耗设备在进行数据传输时，可以用不同形式的代码来表示二进制的“1”和“0”(或者说，用不同的脉冲信号表示0和1)，无线射频识别系统可以使用下列编码方法中的一种：反向不归零(NRZ)编码、曼彻斯特(Manchester)编码、单极性归零(Unipolar RZ)编码、差动双相(DBP)编码、米勒(Miller)编码利差动编码。
通过该下行信号为零功耗设备进行供能，从该供能信号中提取零功耗设备工作所需的能量。该零功耗设备接收该下行信号，识别出该下行信号中第一字段携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识，则该零功耗设备接收该下行信号中第二字段携带的该下行数据，根据该下行数据是否成功接收来确定反射信号，若成功接收该该下行数据，则反射信号包括ACK，该零功耗设备与网络设备建立反向散射通信，发送包括ACK的反射信号；若未成功接收该该下行数据，则反射信号包括NACK，该零功耗设备与网络设备建立反向散射通信，发送包括NACK的反射信号。
图21是根据本申请一实施例的数据传输方法一示例的网络设备与终端设备间上行的数据传输示意图，如图21所示，终端设备为零功耗设备，网络设备侧向零功耗设备发送下行信号，下行信号为1个信号的情况下，下行信号包括第一字段(如携带终端标识的触发信息)及第二字段(如携带上行数据指示的数据信息)，该下行信号中可以将该终端标识及该上行数据指示分别采用不同标识信息进行区分，比如，将该终端标识记为“0”，将该上行数据指示记为“1”。
通过该下行信号为零功耗设备进行供能，从该供能信号中提取零功耗设备工作所需的能量。该零功耗设备接收该下行信号，识别出该下行信号中第一字段携带的终端标识为零功耗设备自身标识，则该零 功耗设备接收该下行信号中第二字段携带的该上行数据指示，响应该上行数据指示，根据该下行信号得到反射信号，该反射信号包括网络设备向零功耗设备所请求的上行数据(该上行数据用于描述零功耗设备根据上行数据的指示得到的数据)。
上述示例中，下行信号还可以包括：小区标识，比如，下行信号为两个信号的情况下，第一信号(如触发信号)中携带该小区标识，从而区分出不同的小区，知道零功耗设备隶属于哪个小区，如果数据传输发生数据重复时，可以明确出该数据到底发送给哪个小区的数据。
上述示例中，还可以包括：将终端标识携带在反射信号中，该终端标识还可以作为下行信号的前导码。可选的，还可以包括：该反射信号中不携带该终端标识。即在反射信号中携带终端标识，为可选项，可以根据数据传输需求进行配置。
上述示例中，下行信号和反射信号，都可以采用时分的结构定义相应信号中的不同组成部分，也可以结合频分、码分以及其他多种方式进行结构定义。
上述示例中，对下行信号调制后可以得到反射信号，可选的，调制方式可以包括：幅度调制、相位调制、频率调制中的至少一种方式。其中，就幅度调制而言，载波的振幅可以随调制信号的变化而变化，从而得到各种幅度调制信号，具体的，零功耗设备可以通过副载波调制的方式得到反射信号后发送该反射信号给网络设备，比如，该副载波调制可以把信号调制在载波1上，也可以针对载波1的调制结果再进行一次调制，以便用该调制结果再把信号调制在另外一个频率更高的载波2。
需要指出的是，上面这些示例可以结合上述本申请实施例中的各种可能性，此处不做赘述。
图22是根据本申请一实施例的第一设备2200的示意性框图。该第一设备2200可以包括：第一接收单元2210，用于接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；第一识别单元2220，用于识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号。其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述下行信号用于为所述第一设备进行供能；或者，还包括：第二接收单元，用于接收供能信号，所述供能信号用于为所述第一设备进行供能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，所述第一信号用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，所述第一字段用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于从接收的所述第一信号中得到所述所述终端标识；识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述第二信号；根据所述第二信号中的所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为ACK；所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为NACK。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信号与所述第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于对所述下行信号进行解调，得到所述终端标识；识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述下行数据；根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上 行信号为ACK；所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为NACK。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于从所述下行信号中得到所述终端标识；根据所述终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述下行数据；根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为ACK；所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为NACK。
在一种可能的实现方式中，还包括标识单元，用于通过不同序列的方式来分别标识所述ACK和所述NACK。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于从接收的所述第一信号中得到所述所述终端标识；识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述第二信号；根据所述第二信号中的所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信号与所述第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于对所述下行信号进行解调，得到所述终端标识；识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述上行数据的指示；根据所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一识别单元，用于从所述下行信号中得到所述终端标识；根据所述终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述上行数据的指示；根据所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，还包括加扰单元，用于所述上行信号通过CRC校验方式进行加扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端标识为所述第一设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
本申请实施例的第一设备2200可以为零功耗设备，能够实现前述的方法实施例中的第一设备的对应功能。该第一设备2200中的各个模块(子模块、单元或组件等)对应的流程、功能、实现方式以及有益效果，可参见上述方法实施例中的对应描述，在此不再赘述。需要说明，关于申请实施例的第一设备2200中的各个模块(子模块、单元或组件等)所描述的功能，可以由不同的模块(子模块、单元或组件等)实现，也可以由同一个模块(子模块、单元或组件等)实现。
图23是根据本申请一实施例的第二设备2300的示意性框图。该第二设备2300可以包括：第一发送单元2310，用于向第一设备发送下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；第二接收单元2320，用于接收上行信号；其中，所述上行信号为所述第一设备基于所述终端标识进行识别的情况下根据所述下行信号得到的信号，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一发送单元，用于采用所述下行信号为所述第一设备进行供能；或者，发送供能信号，采用所述供能信号为所述第一设备进行供能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，所述第一信号用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，所述第一字段用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上行信号包括：ACK或NACK，其中，所述ACK用于描述所述第一设备成功接收所述下行数据，所述NACK用于描述所述第一设备未成功接收所述下行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上行信号包括：上行数据，其中，所述上行数据，用于描述所述第一设备根据所述上行数据的指示得到的数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述终端标识为所述第一设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
本申请实施例的第二设备2300可以为网络设备，能够实现前述的方法实施例中的第二设备的对应功能。该第二设备2300中的各个模块(子模块、单元或组件等)对应的流程、功能、实现方式以及有益效果，可参见上述方法实施例中的对应描述，在此不再赘述。需要说明，关于申请实施例的第二设备2300中的各个模块(子模块、单元或组件等)所描述的功能，可以由不同的模块(子模块、单元或组件等)实现，也可以由同一个模块(子模块、单元或组件等)实现。
图24是根据本申请实施例的通信设备2400示意性结构图。该通信设备2400包括处理器2410，处理器2410可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以使通信设备2400实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，通信设备2400还可以包括存储器2420。其中，处理器2410可以从存储器2420中调用并运行计算机程序，以使通信设备2400实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器2420可以是独立于处理器2410的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器2410中。
可选地，通信设备2400还可以包括收发器2430，处理器2410可以控制该收发器2430与其他设备进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备发送信息或数据，或接收其他设备发送的信息或数据。
其中，收发器2430可以包括发射机和接收机。收发器2430还可以进一步包括天线，天线的数量可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该通信设备2400可为本申请实施例的第一设备，并且该通信设备2400可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由第一设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该通信设备2400可为本申请实施例的第二设备，并且该通信设备2400可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由第二设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图25是根据本申请实施例的芯片2500的示意性结构图。该芯片2500包括处理器2510，处理器2510可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，芯片2500还可以包括存储器2520。其中，处理器2510可以从存储器2520中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中由第一设备或者第二设备执行的方法。
其中，存储器2520可以是独立于处理器2510的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器2510中。
可选地，该芯片2500还可以包括输入接口2530。其中，处理器2510可以控制该输入接口2530与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以获取其他设备或芯片发送的信息或数据。
可选地，该芯片2500还可以包括输出接口2540。其中，处理器2510可以控制该输出接口2540与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备或芯片输出信息或数据。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的第一设备，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由第一设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的第二设备，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由第二设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应用于第一设备和第二设备的芯片可以是相同的芯片或不同的芯片。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片，系统芯片，芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
上述提及的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。其中，上述提到的通用处理器可以是微处理器或者也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
上述提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。
应理解，上述存储器为示例性但不是限制性说明，例如，本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synch link DRAM，SLDRAM)以及直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)等等。也就是说，本申请实施例中的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
图26是根据本申请实施例的通信系统2600的示意性框图。该通信系统2600包括第一设备2610和第二设备2620。其中，该第一设备2610可以为零功耗设备，包括：第一接收单元，用于接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；第一识别单元，用于识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号；其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。该第二设备2620可以为网络设备，包括：第一发送单元，用于向第一设备发送下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；第二接收单元，用于接收上行信号；其中，所述上行信号为所述第一设备基于所述终端标识进行识别的情况下根据所述下行信号得到的信号，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行该计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例中的流程或功能。该计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。该计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，该计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。该计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。该可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程 的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以该权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (61)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，应用于第一设备，所述方法包括：
    第一设备接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
    第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号；
    其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述下行信号用于为所述第一设备进行供能；或者，
    第一设备接收供能信号，所述供能信号用于为所述第一设备进行供能。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，所述第一信号用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，所述第一字段用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号，包括：
    所述第一设备从接收的所述第一信号中得到所述所述终端标识；
    所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述第二信号；
    所述第一设备根据所述第二信号中的所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；
    所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备根据所述第二信号中的所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号，包括：
    所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为确认字符ACK；
    所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为未确认字符NACK。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述第一信号与所述第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号，包括：
    所述第一设备对所述下行信号进行解调，得到所述终端标识；
    所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述下行数据；
    所述第一设备根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；
    所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号，包括：
    所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为确认字符ACK；
    所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为未确认字符NACK。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号，包括：
    所述第一设备从所述下行信号中得到所述终端标识；
    所述第一设备根据所述终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述下行数据；
    所述第一设备根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；
    所述第一设备向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号，包括：
    所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为确认字符ACK；
    所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为未确认字符NACK。
  12. 根据权利要求6、9、11中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
    通过不同序列的方式来分别标识所述ACK和所述NACK。
  13. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号，包括：
    所述第一设备从接收的所述第一信号中得到所述所述终端标识；
    所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述第二信号；
    所述第一设备根据所述第二信号中的所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
  14. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述第一信号与所述第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
  15. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号，包括：
    所述第一设备对所述下行信号进行解调，得到所述终端标识；
    所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述上行数据的指示；
    所述第一设备根据所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
  16. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述第一设备识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号，包括：
    所述第一设备从所述下行信号中得到所述终端标识；
    所述第一设备根据所述终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述上行数据的指示；
    所述第一设备根据所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的方法，还包括：
    所述上行信号通过CRC校验方式进行加扰。
  18. 根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述终端标识为所述第一设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
  19. 一种数据传输方法，应用于第二设备，所述方法包括：
    第二设备向第一设备发送下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
    第二设备接收上行信号；
    其中，所述上行信号为所述第一设备基于所述终端标识进行识别的情况下根据所述下行信号得到的信号，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，还包括：
    第二设备采用所述下行信号为所述第一设备进行供能；或者，
    第二设备发送供能信号，采用所述供能信号为所述第一设备进行供能。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中，所述下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，所述第一信号用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中，所述下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，所述第一字段用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的方法，其中，所述上行信号包括：确认字符ACK、或未确认字符NACK，其中，所述ACK用于描述所述第一设备成功接收所述下行数据，所述NACK用于描述所述第一设备未成功接收所述下行数据。
  24. 根据权利要求21或22所述的方法，其中，所述上行信号包括：上行数据，其中，所述上行数据，用于描述所述第一设备根据所述上行数据的指示得到的数据。
  25. 根据权利要求19-24中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述终端标识为所述第一设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
  26. 一种第一设备，包括：
    第一接收单元，用于接收第二设备发送的下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
    第一识别单元，用于识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，根据所述下行信号向所述第二设备发送上行信号；
    其中，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的设备，其中，所述下行信号用于为所述第一设备进行供能；或者，还包括：第二接收单元，用于接收供能信号，所述供能信号用于为所述第一设备进行供能。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的设备，其中，所述下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，所述第一信号用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的设备，其中，所述下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，所述第一字段用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    从接收的所述第一信号中得到所述所述终端标识；
    识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述第二信号；
    根据所述第二信号中的所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；
    向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为确认字符ACK；
    所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为未确认字符NACK。
  32. 根据权利要求28所述的设备，其中，所述第一信号与所述第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
  33. 根据权利要求29所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    对所述下行信号进行解调，得到所述终端标识；
    识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述下行数据；
    根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；
    向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为确认字符ACK；
    所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为未确认字符NACK。
  35. 根据权利要求29所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    从所述下行信号中得到所述终端标识；
    根据所述终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述下行数据；
    根据所述下行数据是否成功接收确定所述上行信号；
    向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    所述下行数据成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为确认字符ACK；
    所述下行数据未成功接收的情况下，确定所述上行信号为未确认字符NACK。
  37. 根据权利要求31、34、36中任一项所述的设备，还包括标识单元，用于：
    通过不同序列的方式来分别标识所述ACK和所述NACK。
  38. 根据权利要求28所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    从接收的所述第一信号中得到所述所述终端标识；
    识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述第二信号；
    根据所述第二信号中的所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
  39. 根据权利要求28所述的设备，其中，所述第一信号与所述第二信号之间存在时间间隔。
  40. 根据权利要求29所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    对所述下行信号进行解调，得到所述终端标识；
    识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述上行数据的指示；
    根据所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
  41. 根据权利要求29所述的设备，其中，所述第一识别单元，用于：
    从所述下行信号中得到所述终端标识；
    根据所述终端标识进行CRC校验的解扰，解扰成功的情况下，识别出所述终端标识为第一设备自身标识，接收所述上行数据的指示；
    根据所述上行数据的指示，向所述第二设备发送所述上行信号；其中，所述上行信号包括所述上行数据。
  42. 根据权利要求26-41中任一项所述的设备，还包括加扰单元，用于：
    所述上行信号通过CRC校验方式进行加扰。
  43. 根据权利要求26-41中任一项所述的设备，其中，所述终端标识为所述第一设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
  44. 一种第二设备，包括：
    第一发送单元，用于向第一设备发送下行信号，所述下行信号携带终端标识；
    第二接收单元，用于接收上行信号；
    其中，所述上行信号为所述第一设备基于所述终端标识进行识别的情况下根据所述下行信号得到的信号，所述第一设备为零功耗设备。
  45. 根据权利要求44所述的设备，所述第一发送单元，用于：
    采用所述下行信号为所述第一设备进行供能；或者，
    发送供能信号，采用所述供能信号为所述第一设备进行供能。
  46. 根据权利要求44所述的设备，其中，所述下行信号包括第一信号及第二信号的情况下，所述第一信号用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二信号用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  47. 根据权利要求44所述的设备，其中，所述下行信号包括第一字段及第二字段的情况下，所述第一字段用于携带所述终端标识，所述第二字段用于携带下行数据或上行数据的指示。
  48. 根据权利要求46或47所述的设备，其中，所述上行信号包括：确认字符ACK、或未确认字符NACK，其中，所述ACK用于描述所述第一设备成功接收所述下行数据，所述NACK用于描述所述第一设备未成功接收所述下行数据。
  49. 根据权利要求46或47所述的设备，其中，所述上行信号包括：上行数据，其中，所述上行数据，用于描述所述第一设备根据所述上行数据的指示得到的数据。
  50. 根据权利要求44-49中任一项所述的设备，其中，所述终端标识为所述第一设备初始接入网络时所注册的标识。
  51. 一种第一设备，包括：处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使所述第一设备执行如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法。
  52. 一种第二设备，包括：处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使所述第二设备执行如权利要求19至25中任一项所述的方法。
  53. 一种芯片，包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述芯片的设备执行如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法。
  54. 一种芯片，包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述芯片的设备执行如权利要求19至25中任一项所述的方法。
  55. 一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被设备运行时使得所述设备执行如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法。
  56. 一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被设备运行时使得所述设备执行如权利要求19至25中任一项所述的方法。
  57. 一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法。
  58. 一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行如权利要求19至25中任一项所述的方法。
  59. 一种计算机程序，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法。
  60. 一种计算机程序，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行如权利要求19至25中任一项所述的方法。
  61. 一种通信系统，包括：
    第一设备，用于执行如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法；
    第二设备，用于执行如权利要求19至25中任一项所述的方法。
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