WO2023168669A1 - 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023168669A1
WO2023168669A1 PCT/CN2022/080216 CN2022080216W WO2023168669A1 WO 2023168669 A1 WO2023168669 A1 WO 2023168669A1 CN 2022080216 W CN2022080216 W CN 2022080216W WO 2023168669 A1 WO2023168669 A1 WO 2023168669A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery cell
wall
battery
pressure relief
relief mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/080216
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐良帆
周文林
李星
李全坤
金海族
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/080216 priority Critical patent/WO2023168669A1/zh
Priority to CN202280034016.7A priority patent/CN117296190A/zh
Publication of WO2023168669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023168669A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically, to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a manufacturing method and equipment for a battery cell.
  • batteries are widely used in mobile phones, computers, electric vehicles and other electrical equipment to provide electrical energy for electrical equipment.
  • the service life of the battery has a great impact on the performance of electrical equipment. How to extend the service life of the battery is one of the important research and development directions.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a manufacturing method and equipment for battery cells, batteries, electrical equipment and battery cells, so as to extend the service life of batteries.
  • a battery cell which includes: a casing including a first wall; electrode terminals disposed on the first wall for outputting or inputting electrical energy; and a pressure relief mechanism disposed on the first wall.
  • the first wall is configured to be actuated to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold; wherein the first wall includes a first part and a second part, the first part It includes a first surface facing away from the interior of the battery cell, the second portion is recessed relative to the first surface in a direction toward the interior of the battery cell, and the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are disposed on the first surface. Part Two.
  • the height of the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals provided in the second part is reduced to hide the pressure relief mechanism and electrodes.
  • Terminals make it relatively difficult for the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals to touch the external structure to alleviate the problem of impact damage to the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals, thereby avoiding damage to the electrode terminals resulting in inability to charge and discharge, and avoiding damage to the pressure relief mechanism. Leakage may cause the valve to open early during its life cycle, thereby extending the service life of the battery cells.
  • the pressure relief mechanism does not extend beyond the first surface.
  • the pressure relief mechanism by keeping the pressure relief mechanism from exceeding the first surface, the pressure relief mechanism can be completely hidden in the groove formed by the depression of the second part.
  • the first wall mainly bears the impact, and the pressure relief mechanism Not easily damaged by impact.
  • the first part is arranged around the second part.
  • the second part is disposed in the middle area of the first wall to better hide the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism, and further prevent the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism from being hit.
  • the first part and the second part are integrally formed.
  • the connection between the first part and the second part is stable, the overall structural strength of the first wall is high, the first wall is not easily damaged, and the battery cell is effectively extended. body service life.
  • the electrode terminal includes a first end surface facing away from the interior of the battery cell, and the first end surface does not extend beyond the first surface.
  • the electrode terminals can be completely hidden in the groove formed by the depression of the second part.
  • the first part mainly bears the impact, and the electrode terminal is not easily affected. Impact damage.
  • the battery cell includes two electrode terminals with opposite polarities, and the pressure relief mechanism is located between the two electrode terminals.
  • the structural strength of the electrode terminal is relatively high.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is arranged between two electrode terminals, and the two electrode terminals are protected on both sides of the pressure relief mechanism to further prevent The pressure relief mechanism is damaged by impact, thereby extending the service life of the battery cells.
  • the first part includes a second surface facing the interior of the battery cell, and the second part is convex relative to the second surface in a direction toward the interior of the battery cell. rise.
  • the second part convex relative to the second surface
  • the thickness of the second part is not reduced, and the structural rigidity of the second part is greater.
  • the two parts are not easily deformed, and the overall rigidity of the first wall is increased, making the first wall as a whole less likely to deform, thereby making the pressure relief mechanism provided in the second part less likely to be damaged.
  • the second part includes a bottom wall and a side wall, and the side wall surrounds the bottom wall and connects the first part, the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism. is provided on the bottom wall, and the outer peripheral surface of the side wall and the second surface define a first groove provided around the second part;
  • the battery cell further includes an electrode assembly, and the electrode assembly is provided Inside the housing, the electrode assembly includes a main body and a tab, the tab is connected to an end of the main body facing the first wall, and at least part of the tab is located in the first groove.
  • the tabs and electrode terminals share a height space.
  • the electrode terminals are located above the tabs. The arrangement can save the internal space of the battery cell and improve the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell further includes an adapter, one end of which is connected to the tab, and the other end of which is connected to the electrode terminal.
  • the adapter includes a first section, a second section and a third section, the first section is located in the first groove and connected to the tab, and the The third section is located between the bottom wall and the main body portion and is connected to the electrode terminal, and the second section is connected to the first section and the third section.
  • the adapter by arranging the adapter into the first section, the second section and the third section, on the one hand, the electrical connection between the tabs and the electrode terminals sharing the same height space is achieved, and on the other hand, the adapter can be The first wall is deformed by the undulations on the side facing the electrode assembly, the adapter occupies a small space, and the energy density of the battery cell is high.
  • the battery cell further includes an insulating member located between the first wall and the electrode assembly to insulate and isolate the first wall and the electrode assembly.
  • a second groove is formed on a side of the insulating member facing the first wall, and at least part of the second part is embedded in the second groove.
  • the second groove cooperates with the second part to position the insulating member, ensuring the insulation and isolation effect of the insulating member, and at the same time saving space. , improve the energy density of battery cells.
  • the housing includes a housing and an end cover, the housing is provided with an opening, the end cover is used to close the opening, and the first wall is the end cover. build.
  • the end cap as the first wall, compared with the shell, the end cap is more convenient for stamping, thinning and other processing to form the first part and the second part, and is also convenient for installing electrode terminals and pressure relief mechanisms.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery, which includes the aforementioned battery cell.
  • the battery cells in the battery are not easily damaged by impact, have a long service life, and the battery as a whole has a long service life.
  • the battery further includes: a box for accommodating the battery cell; a first adhesive layer disposed on the first surface for bonding the battery cell to connected to the box.
  • the overall envelope strength of the battery can be improved, and the battery cells can be further prevented from shaking in the box, thereby preventing the battery cells from shaking. Damaged by impact, thereby increasing battery life.
  • the housing further includes a second wall opposite to the first wall;
  • the battery further includes: a thermal management component disposed in the box for containing fluid to provide The battery cell regulates temperature; a second adhesive layer is provided on the surface of the second wall and is used to bond the battery cell to the thermal management component.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, which includes the aforementioned battery.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a battery cell, which includes providing a casing, an electrode terminal, and a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the electrode terminal is used to output or input electrical energy
  • the pressure relief mechanism is used to
  • the battery cell is actuated to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold value
  • the housing includes a first wall, the first wall includes a first portion and a second portion, the first portion includes a back The first surface inside the battery cell, the second portion is recessed relative to the first surface in a direction toward the inside of the battery cell, and the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are provided on the first surface. Part Two.
  • a battery cell manufacturing equipment which includes a device for providing a casing, an electrode terminal and a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the electrode terminal is used to output or input electrical energy
  • the pressure relief mechanism is provided.
  • a pressure mechanism for actuating to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold
  • the housing including a first wall including a first portion and a second portion,
  • the first part includes a first surface facing away from the interior of the battery cell, the second part is recessed relative to the first surface in a direction toward the interior of the battery cell, the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism Set in the second part.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first wall provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of an insulating member provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic flow chart of a battery manufacturing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a battery manufacturing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Icon 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 101-box; 1011-first box part; 1012-second box part; 102-battery cell; 103-first adhesive layer; 104-thermal management components; 105-Second glue layer; 1-Shell; 1a-First wall; 1b-Second wall; 11-First part; 111-First surface; 112-Second surface; 12-Second part; 121-Bottom wall ; 122-side wall; 13-first groove; 2-electrode terminal; 21-first end face; 3-pressure relief mechanism; 4-electrode assembly; 41-main body; 42-pole lug; 5-adapter ; 51-first section; 52-second section; 53-third section; 6-insulation piece; 61-second groove; 62-through hole; 63-avoidance groove; 64-strip groove; 65-reinforcement Tendon; 200-motor; 300-controller; 400-manufacturing equipment; 410-providing device.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • connection can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be internal communication between two components.
  • “Plural” appearing in this application means two or more (including two).
  • the battery cell may include a primary battery or a secondary battery, for example, it may be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery.
  • the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • a battery pack generally includes a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator.
  • Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode tab.
  • the positive electrode current collector is coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the cathode current collector can be aluminum, and the cathode active material layer includes cathode active materials.
  • the cathode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode piece includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode tab.
  • the negative electrode current collector is coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material layer may include a negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the isolator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may have a rolled structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell also includes a casing and an electrode terminal.
  • the casing is used to accommodate the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode terminal is provided in the casing.
  • the electrode terminal is used to electrically connect to the tabs of the electrode assembly to realize charging and discharging of the electrode assembly.
  • the battery cell also includes a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is installed in the casing.
  • the pressure relief mechanism has an important impact on the safety of the battery. For example, when short circuit, overcharge, etc. occur, it may cause thermal runaway inside the battery cell. As a result, the pressure or temperature rises suddenly. In this case, the internal pressure and temperature can be released outward by actuating the pressure relief mechanism to prevent the battery cells from exploding and catching fire.
  • the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals are located at one end of the outside of the casing and are easily hit by other structural parts (such as the inner wall of the box), causing the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals to be easily damaged. Damage to the electrode terminals may cause battery cells to malfunction. Charging and discharging failures may occur, and damage to the pressure relief mechanism may cause the battery cells to leak or open the valve in advance before the preset pressure is reached, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode terminal and a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the casing includes a first wall, and the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are arranged on the first wall.
  • the electrode terminals are used to output or input electrical energy
  • the pressure relief mechanism is used to be actuated to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold
  • the first wall includes a first part and a second part, the first part It includes a first surface facing away from the inside of the battery cell, a second part recessed relative to the first surface in a direction toward the inside of the battery cell, and the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are arranged on the second part.
  • the pressure relief mechanism and the electrode terminal are arranged on the second part, and the second part is set to be recessed relative to its adjacent first part toward the inside of the battery cell, so that the pressure relief mechanism provided on the second part is
  • the height of the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals is reduced to hide the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals, making it relatively difficult for the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals to touch the external structure, thereby alleviating the problem of impact damage to the pressure relief mechanism and electrode terminals, thereby improving the performance of the battery cells. service life.
  • the battery cells disclosed in this embodiment can be used in, but are not limited to, vehicles, ships, aircraft, and other electrical equipment.
  • the power supply system of the electrical equipment can be composed of battery cells, batteries, etc. disclosed in this application. This will help reduce risks caused by battery leakage and damage to electrode terminals and increase battery life.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source.
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • an electrical device is a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vehicle 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • a battery 100 , a controller 300 and a motor 200 may be installed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the controller 300 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 200 .
  • the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 and for the circuit system of the vehicle 1000 , for example, for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may include multiple battery cells 102 , wherein the multiple battery cells 102 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections. Battery 100 may also be referred to as a battery 100 pack. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 102 may be first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery 100 module, and then multiple battery 100 modules may be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form the battery 100. That is to say, multiple battery cells 102 can directly form the battery 100, or they can first form the battery 100 module, and then the battery 100 module can form the battery 100.
  • battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 102 .
  • the battery cell 102 includes a housing 1, an electrode terminal 2 and a pressure relief mechanism 3.
  • the housing 1 includes a first wall 1a, the electrode terminal 2 and The pressure relief mechanism 3 is provided on the first wall 1a, the electrode terminal 2 is used to output or input electrical energy, and the pressure relief mechanism 3 is used to be activated to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 102 reaches a threshold value; wherein,
  • the first wall 1 a includes a first portion 11 including a first surface 111 facing away from the interior of the battery cell 102 , and a second portion 12 that is recessed relative to the first surface 111 in a direction toward the interior of the battery cell 102 , the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided in the second part 12.
  • the casing 1 is a component used to form an internal environment of the battery cell 102 , and the internal environment formed can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 4 , the electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 1 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 1 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 4 . For example, as shown in Figure 3, the housing 1 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the first wall 1a is a wall portion on one side of the housing.
  • the housing 1 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 refers to an element or component that is activated to relieve the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 102 reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • This threshold design varies based on design requirements. The threshold value may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode piece, the negative electrode piece, the electrolyte, and the separator in the battery cell 102 .
  • the “activation” mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism 3 acts or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 102 can be released.
  • the actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism 3 may include but are not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 3 is broken, broken, torn or opened, and so on.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cells 102 will be discharged outward from the actuated part as emissions.
  • the battery cell 102 can be depressurized under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potentially more serious accidents.
  • the emissions from the battery cells 102 mentioned in this application include but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the isolation film, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by reactions, flames, etc. .
  • the electrode terminal 2 refers to a conductor penetrated through the first wall 1a. One end of the electrode terminal 2 is located inside the battery cell 102, and the other end of the electrode terminal 2 is located outside the battery cell 102. The other end of the electrode terminal 2 is used for Connect to external bus components.
  • the first wall 1a includes a first part 11 and a second part 12.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the electrode terminal 2 are arranged in the second part 12.
  • the first surface 111 is the first part 11 facing away from the inside of the battery cell 102.
  • the second part 12 by arranging the second part 12 to be recessed relative to the first surface 111 toward the inside of the battery cell 102 , the height of the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the electrode terminal 2 provided in the second part 12 is reduced to hide the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 does not exceed the first surface 111 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 may take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and may specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive component or structure, or the pressure relief mechanism 3 may also be in the second part 12
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 3 is destroyed, thereby forming a supply for internal pressure.
  • a through-hole or passage for temperature relief is provided.
  • the second part 12 is provided with a through opening that communicates the inside and outside of the battery cell 102.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 is installed in the through opening. When the pressure relief mechanism 3 is actuated, it opens to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 102. .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 By preventing the pressure relief mechanism 3 from exceeding the first surface, the pressure relief mechanism 3 can be completely hidden in the groove formed by the depression of the second part 12.
  • the first wall 1a mainly bears the impact, and the pressure relief mechanism 3 Not easily damaged by impact.
  • the first part 11 is arranged around the second part 12 .
  • the first part 11 surrounds the second part 12 means that the second part 12 is located in the middle area of the first wall 1a, and the first part 11 constitutes the edge area of the first wall 1a.
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are better hidden, and the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are further prevented from being impacted.
  • first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be arranged side by side, that is, one side of the first part 11 is connected to one side of the second part 12, and the other side of the first part 11 is connected to the second part 12.
  • the other sides of the two parts 12 respectively form part of the edge of the first wall 1a.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 are integrally formed.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be integrally formed in various ways.
  • the first wall 1a is partially thinned to form the second part 12, and the unthinned part is used as the first part 11; for example, the first part 11 and the second part 12 are molded; for another example, by forming the first wall 1a A recessed second part 12 is formed by punching, and the unpunched part serves as the first part 11 .
  • the connection between the first part 11 and the second part 12 is stable, the overall structural strength of the first wall 1a is high, the first wall 1a is not easily damaged, and the battery cell is effectively extended.
  • the service life of the body 102 By arranging the first part 11 and the second part 12 to be integrally formed, the connection between the first part 11 and the second part 12 is stable, the overall structural strength of the first wall 1a is high, the first wall 1a is not easily damaged, and the battery cell is effectively extended. The service life of the body 102.
  • first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be formed separately and then connected into one body.
  • the electrode terminal 2 includes a first end face 21 facing away from the inside of the battery cell 102 , and the first end face 21 does not extend beyond the first surface 111 .
  • the “first end face 21 ” refers to the end face of one end of the electrode terminal 2 located outside the battery cell 102 .
  • the electrode terminal 2 can be completely hidden in the groove formed by the depression of the second part 12.
  • the first part 11 mainly bears the impact, and the electrode terminal 2 is not easily Damaged by impact.
  • the battery cell 102 includes two electrode terminals 2 with opposite polarities, and the pressure relief mechanism 3 is located between the two electrode terminals 2 .
  • the two electrode terminals 2 one is a positive electrode and the other is a negative electrode.
  • the two electrode terminals 2 cooperate to realize the electric energy output and input of the battery cell 102 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 is located between the two electrode terminals 2" means that the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the two electrode terminals 2 are both located in the second part 12, and the two electrode terminals 2 are located opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 3. both sides. As shown in FIG. 5 , the height of the electrode terminal 2 is greater than the height of the pressure relief mechanism 3 , that is, the first end surface 21 of the electrode terminal 2 exceeds the side of the pressure relief mechanism 3 away from the inside of the battery cell 102 and is lower than the first surface 111 .
  • the structural strength of the electrode terminal 2 is relatively high.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 is damaged by the impact, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 102 .
  • the first part 11 includes a second surface 112 facing the interior of the battery cell 102 , and the second part 12 is convex relative to the second surface 112 in a direction toward the interior of the battery cell 102 . rise.
  • the side of the first wall 1 a facing the outside of the battery cell 102 is recessed at the second part 12
  • the side of the first wall 1 a facing the inside of the battery cell 102 is convex at the second part 12 .
  • the first wall 1a is punched to bend the second part 12 relative to the first part 11, so that the second part 12 is concave relative to the first surface 111 and convex relative to the second surface 112.
  • the second part 12 Compared with the structure in which the second part 12 is only recessed relative to the first surface 111, by making the second part 12 convex relative to the second surface 112, the thickness of the second part 12 is not reduced, and the structural rigidity of the second part 12 is greater.
  • the second part 12 is not easily deformed, and also increases the overall rigidity of the first wall 1a, making the first wall 1a as a whole less easy to deform, so that the pressure relief mechanism 3 provided in the second part 12 is not easily damaged.
  • the second part 12 includes a bottom wall 121 and a side wall 122 .
  • the side wall 122 surrounds the bottom wall 121 and connects the first part 11 , the electrode terminal 2 and the drain.
  • the pressing mechanism 3 is disposed on the bottom wall 121 , and the outer peripheral surface of the side wall 122 and the second surface 112 define a first groove 13 disposed around the second part 12 .
  • the battery cell 102 also includes an electrode assembly 4.
  • the electrode assembly 4 is disposed inside the housing 1.
  • the electrode assembly 4 includes a main body 41 and a tab 42.
  • the tab 42 is connected to an end of the main body 41 facing the first wall 1a, at least part of the pole.
  • the ear 42 is located in the first groove 13 .
  • the electrode assembly 4 includes a positive electrode piece, a negative electrode piece and a separator.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode tab 42, and the positive electrode current collector is coated with the positive electrode active material. layer, the positive electrode tab 42 is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode tab 42, and the negative electrode current collector is coated with the negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode tab 42 is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the electrode assembly 4 includes a main body 41, a positive electrode tab 42 and a negative electrode tab 42.
  • the main body 41 is composed of a positive electrode current collector coated with a positive electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode tab 42.
  • the negative electrode current collector and the separator are covered with a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode tabs 42 and the negative electrode tabs 42 protrude from the main body 41 .
  • the positive electrode tabs 42 and the negative electrode tabs 42 are used to collect the current in the main body 41 lead out.
  • the tab 42 mentioned in the embodiment of this application refers to the positive tab 42 and/or the negative tab 42 .
  • the positive electrode tab 42 and the negative electrode tab 42 may extend from the same side of the main body part 41 , or may extend from opposite sides respectively.
  • the positive electrode tab 42 and the negative electrode tab 42 extend from the same side of the main body 41 , and the electrode terminals 2 include two electrode terminals 2 with opposite polarities. The two electrode terminals 2 are respectively connected with their polarities. Same pole lug 42.
  • the second surface 112 is recessed relative to the bottom wall 121 toward the side away from the battery unit 102 to form the first groove 13 .
  • the second surface 112 and the bottom wall 121 are staggered, and are respectively located on the first wall 1 a Accommodation spaces are formed on both sides, the first groove 13 is used to accommodate the tab 42 , and the space enclosed by the side wall 122 and the bottom wall 121 is used to accommodate the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 .
  • the tab 42 may be partially located in the first groove 13 , or may be completely located in the first groove 13 .
  • the first groove 13 is formed on the side of the first wall 1a facing the electrode assembly 4 to accommodate the tab 42.
  • the tab 42 and The electrode terminals 2 share a height space. Compared with the prior art, the arrangement of the electrode terminals 2 above the tabs 42 can save the internal space of the battery cell 102 and improve the energy density of the battery cell 102 .
  • the battery cell 102 further includes an adapter 5 , one end of the adapter 5 is connected to the lug 42 , and the other end is connected to the electrode terminal 2 .
  • the adapter 5 is a conductor, such as a copper sheet, an aluminum sheet, etc., extending from the first groove 13 to the electrode terminal 2 to achieve electrical connection between the tab 42 and the electrode terminal 2 .
  • the adapter 5 when all the tabs 42 are located in the first groove 13 , the electrical connection between the tabs 42 and the electrode terminal 2 can be ensured, thereby realizing the input and output of electric energy.
  • the adapter 5 includes a first section 51 , a second section 52 and a third section 53 .
  • the first section 51 is located in the first groove 13 and connected to the tab 42
  • the third section 53 is located between the bottom wall 121 and the main body 41 and is connected to the electrode terminal 2
  • the second section 52 is connected to the first section 51 and the third section 53.
  • the first section 51 is relatively close to the first surface 111 (ie, the bottom surface of the first groove 13), the third section 53 is relatively close to the bottom wall 121, and the second section 53 is relatively close to the bottom wall 121.
  • 52 extends along the side wall 122 to connect the first section 51 and the third section 53 , that is to say, the first section 51 , the second section 52 and the third section 53 are connected in sequence to form the Z-shaped adapter 5 .
  • the adapter 5 By arranging the adapter 5 into the first section 51 , the second section 52 and the third section 53 , on the one hand, the electrical connection between the tab 42 and the electrode terminal 2 sharing the same height space is achieved; on the other hand, the adapter 5 As the side of the first wall 1a facing the electrode assembly 4 undulates and deforms, the adapter 5 occupies a small space and the energy density of the battery cell 102 is high.
  • the battery cell 102 further includes an insulator 6 located between the first wall 1 a and the electrode assembly 4 to insulate the first wall 1 a and the electrode assembly 4 , a second groove 61 is formed on the side of the insulating member 6 facing the first wall 1a, and at least part of the second part 12 is embedded in the second groove 61.
  • the insulating member 6 is a component made of insulating material and is used to insulate and isolate the first wall 1 a and the electrode assembly 4 to prevent the housing 1 where the first wall 1 a is located from becoming electrified. When the housing 1 is not charged, the risk of short circuit of the battery cells 102 can be reduced.
  • a through hole 62 is formed on the insulating member 6, and the through hole 62 is used to allow the electrode terminal 2 to pass through, or the first through hole 62 is The end surface of one end of the electrode terminal 2 facing the electrode assembly 4 is exposed.
  • the second groove 61 is formed on the side of the insulating member 6 facing the first wall 1 a and corresponds to the position of the second part 12 , so that when the insulating member 6 is assembled inside the battery cell 102 , the second part 12 is embedded in the second groove 61 . in groove 61.
  • the depth of the second groove 61 is less than the height of the side wall 122 of the second part 12 , so that a part of the second part 12 is embedded in the second groove 61 .
  • the depth of the second groove 61 is not less than the height of the side wall 122 of the second part 12 , so that the second part 12 is entirely embedded in the second groove 61 .
  • the second groove 61 cooperates with the second part 12 to position the insulating member 6, ensuring the insulation and isolation effect of the insulating member 6, and at the same time saving money. space to increase the energy density of the battery cell 102.
  • the emissions inside the battery cell 102 enter into the gap between the insulator 6 and the first wall 1 a through the gap between the insulator 6 and the first wall 1 a. time, and release from the pressure relief mechanism 3.
  • the insulating member 6 blocks the pressure relief mechanism 3, which can prevent the electrolyte, electrode assembly 4 or battery cell from being damaged when the battery cell 102 is impacted.
  • Other components in the body 102 impact the pressure relief mechanism 3 to prevent the pressure relief mechanism 3 from being damaged by impact, thereby further extending the service life of the battery cell 102 .
  • an escape groove 63 is formed on the bottom surface of the first groove 13, and the escape groove 63 corresponds to the position of the pressure relief mechanism 3, thereby increasing the gap between the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the insulator 6 to alleviate emissions stuck.
  • the problem that is blocked between the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the insulator 6 ensures smooth discharge of emissions.
  • a strip groove 64 is formed on the surface of the insulating member 6 facing the first wall 1 a. Both ends of the strip groove 64 respectively extend to the edges of the insulating member 6 , and the strip groove 64 passes through the avoidance groove 63 . By providing the strip groove 64, the discharge inside the battery cell 102 is facilitated to be guided to the pressure relief mechanism 3.
  • reinforcing ribs 65 are formed on the surface of the insulating member 6 away from the first wall 1a, and the reinforcing ribs 65 correspond to the positions of the strip grooves 64.
  • the housing 1 includes a housing and an end cover, the housing is provided with an opening, the end cover is used to close the opening, and the first wall 1a is an end cover.
  • the casing is a cylindrical structure component with one end open.
  • the end cap refers to a component that fits at the opening of the case to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 102 from the external environment.
  • the casing and the end cover may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the casing, and the end cover covers the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 102 .
  • the end cover and the shell can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover and the shell can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the shell. When it is necessary to encapsulate the inside of the shell, the end cap and the shell can be integrated.
  • the cover is closed on the housing.
  • the connection method between the shell and the end cover can be bonding, welding, roller sealing, etc.
  • the end cap As the first wall 1a, compared with the shell, the end cap is more convenient for stamping, thinning and other processing to form the first part 11 and the second part 12, and is also convenient for installing the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 .
  • the battery 100 includes at least one battery cell 102 described in the above solutions.
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 of the battery cell 102 are not easily damaged and have a long service life.
  • the battery 100 further includes a box 101 and a first glue layer 103 .
  • the box 101 is used to accommodate the battery cell 102
  • the first glue layer 103 is disposed on the first surface 111 , used to bond the battery cell 102 to the box 101 .
  • the box 101 may include two parts for accommodation (refer to FIG. 2 ), here respectively referred to as the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 , the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 Snap together.
  • the shapes of the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 may be determined according to the combined shapes of the plurality of battery cells 102 , and the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 may each have an opening.
  • both the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 may be hollow rectangular parallelepipeds with only one open surface, and the opening of the first box part 1011 and the opening of the second box part 1012 are arranged oppositely, and The first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 are engaged with each other to form a box 101 with a closed cavity.
  • One of the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 may be a rectangular parallelepiped with an opening, and the other may be a cover structure to close the opening of the rectangular parallelepiped.
  • a plurality of battery cells 102 are connected in parallel or in series or in mixed combination and then placed in the box 101 formed by the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 being fastened together.
  • the first glue layer 103 can be an adhesive coated on the first surface 111; the first glue layer 103 can also be a plate-like structure with two opposite glue-coated surfaces.
  • the floor-like structure can optionally be made of elastic material. , to better buffer collisions.
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 on the battery cell 102 can exceed the first surface 111 but not exceed the first glue layer 103, so that the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are not easily connected with the box 101. Inner wall impact.
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 of the battery cell 102 do not exceed the first surface 111 to further ensure that the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 do not collide with the inner wall of the box 101 .
  • the overall envelope strength of the battery 100 can be improved, and the battery cells 102 can be further prevented from shaking in the box 101, thereby preventing the battery cells from shaking.
  • the body 102 is damaged by impact, thereby increasing the service life of the battery 100.
  • the housing 1 further includes a second wall 1b opposite to the first wall 1a.
  • the battery 100 also includes a thermal management component 104 and a second glue layer 105.
  • the thermal management component 104 is disposed in the box 101.
  • the thermal management component 104 is used to contain fluid to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 102.
  • the second glue layer 105 is disposed in the box 101.
  • the second adhesive layer 105 is used to bond the battery cell 102 to the thermal management component 104 .
  • the first wall 1 a and the second wall 1 b are two opposite wall portions of the housing 1 .
  • the housing 1 includes a housing and an end cover
  • the end cover is the first wall 1a
  • the second wall 1b is the bottom wall of the housing.
  • the thermal management component 104 is used to contain fluid to adjust the temperature of multiple battery cells 102 so that the battery 100 is within a suitable temperature range to ensure better charging and discharging capabilities and higher safety.
  • the fluid here may be a liquid or a gas, and adjusting the temperature refers to heating or cooling the plurality of battery cells 102 .
  • the fluid may be called a heat exchange medium.
  • the thermal management component 104 is used to contain cooling fluid to lower the temperature of the multiple battery cells 102.
  • the thermal management component 104 may also be called a cooling component or a cooling system. Or cooling plate, etc., the fluid contained therein can also be called cooling medium or cooling fluid, more specifically, it can be called cooling liquid or cooling gas.
  • the thermal management component 104 can also be used for heating to raise the temperature of the plurality of battery cells 102, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the fluid may be circulated to achieve better temperature regulation effect.
  • the fluid may be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air.
  • the second glue layer 105 By arranging the second glue layer 105 to bond the thermal management component 104 to the second wall 1b, the contact between the second wall 1b and the thermal management component 104 can be ensured, and the second glue layer 105 can also fill the second wall 1b and the thermal management component.
  • the gap between the battery cells 104 ensures a sufficient contact area between the battery cells 102 and the thermal management components 104, which is conducive to heat conduction and improves the heat exchange effect.
  • inventions of the present application provide an electrical device.
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, the vehicle 1000 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery 100 .
  • the battery 100 of the electrical equipment has a long service life and the electrical equipment has good performance.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a battery cell 102. As shown in Figure 10, the preparation method includes:
  • the housing 1 includes a first wall 1a, the first wall 1a includes a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 includes a first surface 111 facing away from the interior of the battery cell 102, the second part 12 is opposite to the first surface 111
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are disposed in the second portion 12 which is recessed in a direction toward the inside of the battery cell 102 .
  • the above preparation method includes:
  • the electrode terminal 2 is used to output or input electric energy.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 is used to be activated to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 102 reaches a threshold.
  • the end cover includes a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 includes a first surface 111, the second part 12 is recessed relative to the first surface 111, the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided in the second part 12;
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a manufacturing equipment 400 for the battery cell 102.
  • the manufacturing equipment 400 includes a providing device 410.
  • the providing device 410 is used to provide the housing 1, the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism. 3.
  • the electrode terminal 2 is used to output or input electrical energy, and the pressure relief mechanism 3 is used to be actuated to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 102 reaches a threshold value.
  • the housing 1 includes a first wall 1a. 1a includes a first part 11 and a second part 12.
  • the first part 11 includes a first surface 111 facing away from the interior of the battery cell 102.
  • the second part 12 is recessed relative to the first surface 111 in a direction toward the interior of the battery cell 102, and the electrode terminals 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided in the second part 12.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a prismatic battery cell 102.
  • the battery cell 102 includes a casing 1, an electrode terminal 2 and a pressure relief mechanism 3.
  • the electrode terminal 2 is used to output or input electric energy
  • the pressure relief mechanism 3 is used to be actuated to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 102 reaches a threshold value.
  • the housing 1 is square, and one side of the housing 1 is the first wall 1a , the first wall 1a includes a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 includes a first surface 111 facing away from the inside of the battery cell 102, and the second part 12 is in a direction toward the inside of the battery cell 102 relative to the first surface 111.
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 are recessed in the second part 12 to reduce the height.
  • the electrode terminal 2 and the pressure relief mechanism 3 do not exceed the first surface 111, making it relatively difficult for the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the electrode terminal 2 to touch the outside. structure to alleviate the problem of impact damage to the pressure relief mechanism 3 and the electrode terminal 2.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备。电池单体包括：外壳，包括第一壁；电极端子，设置于第一壁，用于输出或输入电能；泄压机构，设置于第一壁，用于在电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力；其中，第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，第一部分包括背离电池单体内部的第一表面，第二部分相对于第一表面沿朝向电池单体内部的方向凹陷，电极端子和泄压机构设置于第二部分。本申请提供的电池单体的泄压机构和电极端子不容易受撞击损坏，电池单体的使用寿命较长。

Description

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备。
背景技术
目前，电池广泛应用于手机、电脑、电动汽车等用电设备，为用电设备提供电能。电池的使用寿命对用电设备的使用性能具有较大影响，如何延长电池的使用寿命是重要的研发方向之一。
发明内容
本申请旨在提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备，以延长电池的使用寿命。
本申请的实施例是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，其包括：外壳，包括第一壁；电极端子，设置于所述第一壁，用于输出或输入电能；泄压机构，设置于所述第一壁，用于在所述电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力；其中，所述第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一表面，所述第二部分相对于所述第一表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凹陷，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于第二部分。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二部分设置为相对第一表面朝向电池单体内部的方向凹陷，使设置在第二部分的泄压机构和电极端子的高度降低，以隐藏泄压机构和电极端子，使泄压机构和电极端子相对不容易触碰外部结构，以缓解泄压机构和电极端子受撞击损坏的问题，从而避免电极端子受损导致无法充放电，及避免泄压机构受损导致漏液或导致其在生命周期内提前开阀，从而延长电池单体的使用寿命。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述泄压机构不超出所述第一表面。
在上述技术方案中，通过使泄压机构不超出第一表面，泄压机构能够全部隐藏在第二部分凹陷后形成的凹槽内，受撞击时，主要由第一壁承受撞击，泄压机构不容易受撞击损坏。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一部分围绕所述第二部分设置。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第二部分设置在第一壁的中部区域，以更好地隐藏电极端子和泄压机构，进一步防止电极端子和泄压机构受撞击。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一部分与所述第二部分一体成型。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一部分和第二部分设置为一体成型，使得第一部分和第二部分连接稳定，第一壁整体结构强度较高，第一壁不容易受损，有效延长电池单体的使用寿命。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述电极端子包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一端面，所述第一端面不超出所述第一表面。
在上述技术方案中，通过使第一端面不超出第一表面，电极端子能够全部隐藏在第二部分凹陷后形成的凹槽内，受撞击时，主要由第一部分承受撞击，电极端子不容易受撞击损坏。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述电池单体包括极性相反的两个所述电极端子，所述泄压机构位于两个所述电极端子之间。
相对泄压机构而言，电极端子的结构强度相对较高，在上述技术方案中，通过将泄压机构设置两个电极端子之间，两个电极端子防护在泄压机构的两侧，进一步防止泄压机构受撞击损坏，从而延长电池单体的使用寿命。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第一部分包括面向所述电池单体内部的第二表面，所述第二 部分相对于所述第二表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凸起。
相对第二部分仅相对第一表面凹陷的结构，在上述技术方案中，通过使第二部分相对第二表面凸起，第二部分的厚度未减薄，第二部分的结构刚度更大，第二部分不容易变形，还增大了第一壁的整体刚度，使得第一壁整体更不容易变形，从而使得设置在第二部分中的泄压机构不容易损坏。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述第二部分包括底壁和侧壁，所述侧壁围设于所述底壁并连接所述第一部分，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于所述底壁，所述侧壁的外周面与所述第二表面限定出围绕所述第二部分设置的第一凹槽；所述电池单体还包括电极组件，所述电极组件设置在所述外壳内部，所述电极组件包括主体部和极耳，所述极耳连接于所述主体部面向所述第一壁的一端，至少部分所述极耳位于所述第一凹槽内。
在上述技术方案中，在电池单体的高度方向上(也即第一壁的厚度方向上)，极耳和电极端子共用一个高度空间，相比现有技术中，电极端子位于极耳上方的布置方式，能够节省电池单体的内部空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述电池单体还包括：转接件，一端连接所述极耳，另一端连接所述电极端子。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置转接件，当极耳全部处于第一凹槽中时，也能够保证极耳和电极端子电连接，实现电能输入和输出。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述转接件包括第一段、第二段和第三段，所述第一段位于所述第一凹槽内并连接所述极耳，所述第三段位于所述底壁和所述主体部之间并连接所述电极端子，所述第二段连接所述第一段和所述第三段。
在上述技术方案中，通过将转接件设置为第一段、第二段和第三段，一方面实现共用同一高度空间的极耳和电极端子的电连接，另一方面，转接件随第一壁面向电极组件的一面的起伏而变形，转接件占用的空间小，电池单体的能量密度较高。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述电池单体还包括：绝缘件，所述绝缘件位于所述第一壁和所述电极组件之间，以绝缘隔离所述第一壁和所述电极组件，所述绝缘件面向所述第一壁的一面形成有第二凹槽，至少部分所述第二部分嵌设于所述第二凹槽。
在上述技术方案中，通过在电池单体中设置具有第二凹槽的绝缘件，第二凹槽和第二部分配合，能够定位绝缘件，保证绝缘件的绝缘隔离效果，同时还能够节省空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。
在本申请的一种实施例中，其中，所述外壳包括壳体和端盖，所述壳体设有开口，所述端盖用于封闭所述开口，所述第一壁为所述端盖。
在上述技术方案中，通过将端盖作为第一壁，相比壳体，端盖更便于进行冲压、减薄等加工以形成第一部分和第二部分，也便于安装电极端子和泄压机构。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，其中，包括前述的电池单体。
在上述技术方案中，电池内的电池单体不容易受撞击损坏，使用寿命长，电池整体的使用寿命较长。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述电池还包括：箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体；第一胶层，设置于所述第一表面，用于将所述电池单体粘接于所述箱体。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置第一胶层将电池单体粘接在箱体的内壁，能够提高电池的整体包络强度，还能够进一步避免电池单体在箱体内晃动，从而防止电池单体受撞击损坏，从而提高电池的使用寿命。
在本申请的一种实施例中，所述外壳还包括与所述第一壁相对的第二壁；所述电池还包括：热管理部件，设置在所述箱体内，用于容纳流体以给所述电池单体调节温度；第二胶层，设置于所 述第二壁的表面，用于将所述电池单体粘接于所述热管理部件。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置第二胶层将热管理部件与第二壁粘接，能够保证第二壁和热管理部件接触，并且第二胶层还能够填充第二壁和热管理部件之间的间隙，保证电池单体和热管理部件之间具有足够的接触面积，有利于传导热量，提高换热效果。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，其中，包括前述的电池。
在上述技术方案中，用电设备的电池的使用寿命较长，用电设备使用性能较好。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造方法，其中，包括提供外壳、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子用于输出或输入电能，所述泄压机构用于在所述电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力，所述外壳包括第一壁，所述第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一表面，所述第二部分相对于所述第一表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凹陷，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于所述第二部分。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造设备，其中，包括提供装置，用于提供外壳、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子用于输出或输入电能，所述泄压机构用于在所述电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力，所述外壳包括第一壁，所述第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一表面，所述第二部分相对于所述第一表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凹陷，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于所述第二部分。
附图说明
为了为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池的分解示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的立体图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的俯视图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的第一壁的剖面图；
图6为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的分解图；
图7为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的局部剖面图；
图8为本申请一实施例提供的绝缘件的立体图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的电池的剖面图；
图10为本申请一实施例提供的电池的制造方法的示意性流程图；
图11为本申请一实施例提供的电池的制造设备的示意性框图。
图标：1000-车辆；100-电池；101-箱体；1011-第一箱体部；1012-第二箱体部；102-电池单体；103-第一胶层；104-热管理部件；105-第二胶层；1-外壳；1a-第一壁；1b-第二壁；11-第一部分；111-第一表面；112-第二表面；12-第二部分；121-底壁；122-侧壁；13-第一凹槽；2-电极端子；21-第一端面；3-泄压机构；4-电极组件；41-主体部；42-极耳；5-转接件；51-第一段；52-第二段；53-第三段；6-绝缘件；61-第二凹槽；62-通孔；63-避让槽；64-条形槽；65-加强筋；200-马达；300-控制器；400-制造设备；410-提供装置。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图， 对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括一次电池、二次电池，例如可以是锂离子电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池包一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池单体还包括外壳和电极端子，外壳用于容纳电极组件，电极端子设置于外壳，电极端子用于电连接到电极组件的极耳，以实现电极组件的充放电。
电池单体还包括泄压机构，泄压机构设置于外壳，泄压机构对电池的安全性有着重要影响，例如，当发生短路、过充等现象时，可能会导致电池单体内部发生热失控从而压力或温度骤升，这种情况下通过泄压机构致动可以将内部压力及温度向外释放，以防止电池单体爆炸、起火。
相关技术中，泄压机构和电极端子位于外壳的外侧的一端，容易被其他结构件(如箱体的内 壁)撞击，导致泄压机构和电极端子容易损伤，电极端子损伤可能会导致电池单体可能出现充放电故障，泄压机构损伤会导致电池单体漏液或出现未达到预设压力而提前开阀的情况，致使电池单体的使用寿命降低。
鉴于此，为提高电池单体的使用寿命，本申请提供一种技术方案，电池单体包括外壳、电极端子和泄压机构，外壳包括第一壁，电极端子和泄压机构设置于第一壁，电极端子用于输出或输入电能，泄压机构用于在电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力；其中，第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，第一部分包括背离电池单体内部的第一表面，第二部分相对于第一表面沿朝向电池单体内部的方向凹陷，电极端子和泄压机构设置于第二部分。
本申请通过将泄压机构和电极端子设置在第二部分，并将第二部分设置为相对其相邻的第一部分朝向电池单体内部的方向凹陷，使设置在第二部分上的泄压机构和电极端子的高度降低，以隐藏泄压机构和电极端子，使泄压机构和电极端子相对不容易触碰外部结构，缓解泄压机构和电极端子受撞击损坏的问题，从而提升电池单体的使用寿命。
本实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限于用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电设备中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电设备的电源系统，这样，有利于降低因电池漏液和电极端子受损导致的风险，提升电池寿命。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电设备，用电设备可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，图1示出了本申请一实施例的一种车辆1000，车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部可以设置电池100、控制器300以及马达200，控制器300用来控制电池100为马达200的供电。例如，在车辆1000的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池100。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，用于车辆1000的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池100可以包括多个电池单体102，其中，多个电池单体102之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池100也可以称为电池100包。可选地，多个电池单体102可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池100模块，多个电池100模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池100。也就是说，多个电池单体102可以直接组成电池100，也可以先组成电池100模块，电池100模块再组成电池100。
如图2所示，电池100可以包括多个电池单体102。
下面针对任意一个电池单体102进行详细描述，如图3和图4所示，电池单体102包括外壳1、电极端子2和泄压机构3，外壳1包括第一壁1a，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于第一壁1a，电极端子2用于输出或输入电能，泄压机构3用于在电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力；其中，第一壁1a包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11包括背离电池单体102内部的第一表面111，第二部分12相对于第一表面111沿朝向电池单体102内部的方向凹陷，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于第二部分12。
外壳1是用于形成电池单体102的内部环境的组件，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件4、电解液以及其他部件。外壳1可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，外壳1的形状可以根据电极组件4的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。示例性地，如图3所示，外壳1为长方体形，第一壁1a为壳体的一侧的壁部。外壳1的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
泄压机构3是指电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度的元件或部件。该阈值设计根据设计需求不同而不同。所述阈值可能取决于电池单体102中的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜中一种或几种的材料。本申请中所提到的“致动”是指泄压机构3产生动作或被激活至一定的状态，从而使得电池单体102的内部压力及温度得以被泄放。泄压机构3产生的动作可以包括但不限于：泄压机构3中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开，等等。泄压机构3在致动时，电池单体102的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体102发生泄压，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。本申请中所提到的来自电池单体102的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体、火焰，等等。
电极端子2是指穿设于第一壁1a的导体，电极端子2的一端位于电池单体102的内部，电极端子2的另一端位于电池单体102的外部，电极端子2的另一端用于与外部汇流部件连接。
本申请技术方案中，第一壁1a包括第一部分11和第二部分12，泄压机构3和电极端子2设置在第二部分12，第一表面111为第一部分11背离电池单体102内部的一面，通过将第二部分12设置为相对第一表面111朝向电池单体102内部的方向凹陷，使设置在第二部分12的泄压机构3和电极端子2的高度降低，以隐藏泄压机构3和电极端子2，使泄压机构3和电极端子2相对不容易触碰外部结构，缓解泄压机构3和电极端子2受撞击损坏的问题，从而避免电极端子2受损导致无法充放电，及避免泄压机构3受损导致漏液或导致其在生命周期内提前开阀，从而延长电池单体102的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5所示，泄压机构3不超出第一表面111。
泄压机构3可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构造，或者泄压机构3也可以是在第二部分12上一体成型的薄弱结构，即，当电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时，泄压机构3执行动作或者泄压机构3中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力或温度泄放的贯通口或通道。示例性地，第二部分12设有连通电池单体102内部和外部的贯通口，泄压机构3安装于该贯通口，泄压机构3致动时打开，以释放电池单体102的内部压力。
通过使泄压机构3不超出第一表面，泄压机构3能够全部隐藏在第二部分12凹陷后形成的凹槽内，在受撞击时，主要由第一壁1a承受撞击，泄压机构3不容易受撞击损坏。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图4所示，第一部分11围绕第二部分12设置。
“第一部分11围绕第二部分12是指”，第二部分12位于第一壁1a的中部区域，第一部分11构成第一壁1a的边缘区域。
通过将第二部分12设置在第一壁1a的中部区域，以更好地隐藏电极端子2和泄压机构3，进一步防止电极端子2和泄压机构3受撞击。
可选地，在其他实施例中，第一部分11和第二部分12还可以是并排布置，即第一部分11的一侧和第二部分12的一侧连接，第一部分11的另一侧和第二部分12的另一侧分别构成第一壁1a的部分边缘。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一部分11与第二部分12一体成型。
第一部分11和第二部分12一体成型的方式有多种。例如，将第一壁1a的局部减薄以形成第二部分12，未减薄的作为第一部分11；例如，第一部分11和第二部分12模铸成型；再如，通过在第一壁1a上冲压形成凹陷的第二部分12，未受冲压的部分作为第一部分11。
通过将第一部分11和第二部分12设置为一体成型，使得第一部分11和第二部分12连接稳定，第一壁1a整体结构强度较高，第一壁1a不容易受损，有效延长电池单体102的使用寿命。
在其他实施例中，第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是分别成型后再连接为一体。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5所示，电极端子2包括背离电池单体102内部的第一端面21，第一端面21不超出第一表面111。
“第一端面21”是指电极端子2位于电池单体102外部的一端的端面。
通过使第一端面21不超出第一表面111，电极端子2能够全部隐藏在第二部分12凹陷后形成的凹槽内，在受撞击时，主要由第一部分11承受撞击，电极端子2不容易受撞击损坏。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5所示，电池单体102包括极性相反的两个电极端子2，泄压机构3位于两个电极端子2之间。
两个电极端子2中，一个为正极，另一个为负极，两个电极端子2配合以实现电池单体102的电能输出和输入。
“泄压机构3位于两个电极端子2之间”是指，泄压机构3和两个电极端子2均设置在第二部分12，且两个电极端子2设置在泄压机构3的相对的两侧。如图5所示，电极端子2的高度大于泄压机构3的高度，即电极端子2的第一端面21超出泄压机构3背离电池单体102内部的一面，且低于第一表面111。
相对泄压机构3而言，电极端子2的结构强度相对较高，通过将泄压机构3设置两个电极端子2之间，两个电极端子2防护在泄压机构3的两侧，进一步防止泄压机构3受撞击损坏，从而延长电池单体102的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图5所示，第一部分11包括面向电池单体102内部的第二表面112，第二部分12相对于第二表面112沿朝向电池单体102内部的方向凸起。
也就是说，第一壁1a面向电池单体102外侧的一面在第二部分12处凹陷，第一壁1a面向电池单体102内部的一面在第二部分12处凸起。示例性地，冲压第一壁1a，以使第二部分12相对第一部分11弯折，从而使第二部分12相对第一表面111凹陷并相对第二表面112凸起。
相对第二部分12仅相对第一表面111凹陷的结构，通过使第二部分12相对第二表面112凸起，第二部分12的厚度未减薄，第二部分12的结构刚度更大，第二部分12不容易变形，还增大了第一壁1a的整体刚度，使得第一壁1a整体更不容易变形，从而使得设置在第二部分12中的泄压机构3不容易损坏。
根据本申请的一些实施例，结合图5和图6所示，第二部分12包括底壁121和侧壁122，侧壁122围设于底壁121并连接第一部分11，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于底壁121，侧壁122的外周面与第二表面112限定出围绕第二部分12设置的第一凹槽13。电池单体102还包括电极组件4，电极组件4设置在外壳1内部，电极组件4包括主体部41和极耳42，极耳42连接于主体部41面向第一壁1a的一端，至少部分极耳42位于第一凹槽13内。
电极组件4包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和正极极耳42，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳42未涂覆正极活性物质层。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和负极极耳42，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳42未涂覆负极活性物质层。电极组件4成型后，从电极组件4的外形看，电极组件4包括主体部41、正极极耳42和负极极耳42，主体部41由涂覆有正极活性物质层的正极集流部、涂覆有负极活性物质层的负极集流部和隔离件构成，正极极耳42和负极极耳42凸出于主体部41，正极极耳42和负极极耳42用于将主体部41中的电流引出。
本申请实施例中所述的极耳42是指正极极耳42和/或负极极耳42。正极极耳42和负极极耳42可以从主体部41的同一侧伸出，也可以分别从相反的两侧延伸出。示例性地，如图6所示，正极极耳42和负极极耳42从主体部41的同一侧伸出，电极端子2包括极性相反的两个，两个电极端子2分别连接与其极性相同的极耳42。
如图5所示，第二表面112相对底壁121朝向背离电池单体102的一侧凹陷，以形成第一凹槽13，第二表面112和底壁121错开，分别在第一壁1a的两面形成容纳空间，第一凹槽13用于容纳极耳42，侧壁122和底壁121围成的空间用于容纳电极端子2和泄压机构3。可选地，极耳42可以是部分位于第一凹槽13内，也可以是全部位于第一凹槽13内。
通过在第一壁1a面向电极组件4的一面形成第一凹槽13来容纳极耳42，在电池单体102的高度方向上(也即第一壁1a的厚度方向上)，极耳42和电极端子2共用一个高度空间，相比现有技术中，电极端子2位于极耳42上方的布置方式，能够节省电池单体102的内部空间，提高电池单体102的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图7所示，电池单体102还包括转接件5，转接件5的一端连接极耳42，另一端连接电极端子2。
转接件5为导体，例如铜片、铝片等，由第一凹槽13延伸至电极端子2，以实现极耳42和电极端子2电连接。
通过设置转接件5，当极耳42全部处于第一凹槽13中时，也能够保证极耳42和电极端子2电连接，实现电能输入和输出。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图7所示，转接件5包括第一段51、第二段52和第三段53，第一段51位于第一凹槽13内并连接极耳42，第三段53位于底壁121和主体部41之间并连接电极端子2，第二段52连接第一段51和第三段53。
如图7所示，在第一壁1a的厚度方向上，第一段51相对靠近第一表面111(即第一凹槽13的底面)，第三段53相对靠近底壁121，第二段52沿侧壁122延伸以连接第一段51和第三段53，也就是说，第一段51、第二段52和第三段53依次连接构成Z形的转接件5。
通过将转接件5设置为第一段51、第二段52和第三段53，一方面实现共用同一高度空间的极耳42和电极端子2的电连接，另一方面，转接件5随第一壁1a面向电极组件4的一面的起伏而变形，转接件5占用的空间小，电池单体102的能量密度较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图7所示，电池单体102还包括绝缘件6，绝缘件6位于第一壁1a和电极组件4之间，以绝缘隔离第一壁1a和电极组件4，绝缘件6面向第一壁1a的一面形成有第二凹槽61，至少部分第二部分12嵌设于第二凹槽61。
如图8所示，绝缘件6是采用绝缘材料制成的部件，用于绝缘隔离第一壁1a和电极组件4，以免第一壁1a所在的外壳1带电。外壳1不带电时，能够降低电池单体102短路的风险。可选地，为便于电极端子2和极耳42连接，如图8所示，绝缘件6上形成通孔62，通孔62用于容许电极端子2穿过，或者，第一通孔62用于暴露电极端子2面向电极组件4的一端的端面。
第二凹槽61形成在绝缘件6面向第一壁1a的一面，且与第二部分12位置对应，以使绝缘件6装配在电池单体102内部时，第二部分12嵌设在第二凹槽61中。可选地，第二凹槽61的深度小于第二部分12的侧壁122的高度，以使第二部分12的一部分嵌设在第二凹槽61中。可选地，第二凹槽61的深度不小于第二部分12的侧壁122的高度，以使第二部分12全部嵌设在第二凹槽61中。
通过在电池单体102中设置具有第二凹槽61的绝缘件6，第二凹槽61和第二部分12配合，能够定位绝缘件6，保证绝缘件6的绝缘隔离效果，同时还能够节省空间，提高电池单体102的能量密度。
另一方面，结合图7和图8所示，设置绝缘件6后，电池单体102内部的排放物经绝缘件6与第一壁1a之间的缝隙进入绝缘件6和第一壁1a之间，并从泄压机构3泄放。在电池单体102的高度方向上(也即第一壁1a的厚度方向上)，绝缘件6遮挡泄压机构3，能够在电池单体102受撞击时防止电解液、电极组件4或电池单体102内的其他部件冲击泄压机构3，以免泄压机构3受冲击损坏，从而进一步延长电池单体102的使用寿命。
可选地，第一凹槽13的底面形成有避让槽63，避让槽63与泄压机构3的位置对应，从而增大泄压机构3和绝缘件6之间的间隙，以缓解排放物卡阻在泄压机构3和绝缘件6之间的问题，保证排放物顺利泄放。
进一步地，绝缘件6面向第一壁1a的表面形成有条形槽64，条形槽64的两端分别延伸至绝缘件6的边缘，且条形槽64经过避让槽63。通过设置条形槽64，便于将电池单体102内部的排 放物引导至泄压机构3。
进一步地，绝缘件6背离第一壁1a的表面形成有加强筋65，加强筋65与条形槽64的位置对应。
根据本申请的一些实施例，外壳1包括壳体和端盖，壳体设有开口，端盖用于封闭开口，第一壁1a为端盖。
壳体为一端开口的筒状结构的部件。端盖是指配合于壳体的开口处以将电池单体102的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。壳体和端盖可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体上设置开口，通过使端盖盖合开口以形成电池单体102的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖和壳体一体化，具体地，端盖和壳体可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体的内部时，再使端盖盖合于壳体。壳体和端盖的连接方式可以是粘接、焊接、辊压墩封等。
通过将端盖作为第一壁1a，相比壳体，端盖更便于进行冲压、减薄等加工以形成第一部分11和第二部分12，也便于安装电极端子2和泄压机构3。
第二方面，结合图2所示，本申请实施例提供一种电池100，电池100包括至少一个以上各方案中所述的电池单体102。本申请实施例提供的电池100，其中的电池单体102的电极端子2和泄压机构3不容易损坏，使用寿命较长。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图9所示，电池100还包括箱体101和第一胶层103，箱体101用于容纳电池单体102，第一胶层103设置于第一表面111，用于将电池单体102粘接于箱体101。
箱体101可以包括两个用于容纳的部分(可参照图2)，这里分别称为第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012，第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012扣合在一起。第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012的形状可以根据多个电池单体102组合的形状而定，第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012可以均具有一个开口。例如，第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一箱体部1011的开口和第二箱体部1012的开口相对设置，并且第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体101。第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012中，也可以一者为具有开口的长方体，另一者为盖板结构以封闭长方体的开口。多个电池单体102相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012扣合后形成的箱体101内。
第一胶层103可以是涂覆在第一表面111的粘接剂；第一胶层103也可以是具有两个相对的涂胶面的板状结构，可选地板状结构采用弹性材料制成，以便更好地缓冲碰撞。可选地，电池单体102上的电极端子2和泄压机构3可以超出第一表面111但不超过第一胶层103，以使得电极端子2和泄压机构3不容易与箱体101的内壁撞击。可选地，电池单体102的电极端子2和泄压机构3不超出第一表面111，以进一步保证电极端子2和泄压机构3不与箱体101的内壁撞击。
通过设置第一胶层103将电池单体102粘接在箱体101的内壁，能够提高电池100的整体包络强度，还能够进一步避免电池单体102在箱体101内晃动，从而防止电池单体102受撞击损坏，从而提高电池100的使用寿命。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图9所示，外壳1还包括与第一壁1a相对的第二壁1b。电池100还包括热管理部件104和第二胶层105，热管理部件104设置在箱体101内，热管理部件104用于容纳流体以给电池单体102调节温度，第二胶层105设置于第二壁1b的表面，第二胶层105用于将电池单体102粘接于热管理部件104。
第一壁1a与第二壁1b是外壳1的相对的两个壁部。例如，外壳1包括壳体和端盖时，若端盖为第一壁1a，则第二壁1b为壳体的底壁。
热管理部件104用于容纳流体以给多个电池单体102调节温度，以使电池100处于适宜的温度范围内，保证较好的充放电能力和较高的安全性。这里的流体可以是液体或气体，调节温度是指给多个电池单体102加热或者冷却，流体可被称为换热介质。在给电池单体102冷却或降温的情况下，该热管理部件104用于容纳冷却流体以给多个电池单体102降低温度，此时，热管理部件 104也可以称为冷却部件、冷却系统或冷却板等，其容纳的流体也可以称为冷却介质或冷却流体，更具体的，可以称为冷却液或冷却气体。另外，热管理部件104也可以用于加热以给多个电池单体102升温，本申请实施例对此并不限定。可选的，所述流体可以是循环流动的，以达到更好的温度调节的效果。可选的，流体可以为水、水和乙二醇的混合液或者空气等。
通过设置第二胶层105将热管理部件104与第二壁1b粘接，能够保证第二壁1b和热管理部件104接触，并且第二胶层105还能够填充第二壁1b和热管理部件104之间的间隙，保证电池单体102和热管理部件104之间具有足够的接触面积，有利于传导热量，提高换热效果。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，用电设备可以是但不限于是图1所示的车辆1000，用电设备包括上述的电池100。用电设备的电池100的使用寿命长，用电设备使用性能好。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体102的制备方法，如图10所示，制备方法包括：
S1、提供外壳1、电极端子2和泄压机构3，电极端子2用于输出或输入电能，泄压机构3用于在电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力，外壳1包括第一壁1a，第一壁1a包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11包括背离电池单体102内部的第一表面111，第二部分12相对于第一表面111沿朝向电池单体102内部的方向凹陷，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于第二部分12。
当外壳1包括壳体和端盖时，上述制备方法包括：
S11、提供壳体，壳体设有开口；
S12、提供端盖、电极端子2和泄压机构3，电极端子2用于输出或输入电能，泄压机构3用于在电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力，端盖包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11包括第一表面111，第二部分12相对于第一表面111凹陷，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于第二部分12；
S13、将端盖盖设于壳体以封闭开口，使第一表面111背离电池单体102内部。
需要说明的是，通过上述电池单体102的制造方法制造出的电池单体102的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池单体102。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体102的制造设备400，如图11所示，制造设备400包括提供装置410，提供装置410用于提供外壳1、电极端子2和泄压机构3，电极端子2用于输出或输入电能，泄压机构3用于在电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力，外壳1包括第一壁1a，第一壁1a包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11包括背离电池单体102内部的第一表面111，第二部分12相对于第一表面111沿朝向电池单体102内部的方向凹陷，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于第二部分12。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图3-图9所示，本申请实施例提供一种方形电池单体102，电池单体102包括外壳1、电极端子2和泄压机构3，电极端子2用于输出或输入电能，泄压机构3用于在电池单体102的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力，外壳1呈方形，外壳1的一侧为第一壁1a，第一壁1a包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11包括背离电池单体102内部的第一表面111，第二部分12相对于第一表面111沿朝向电池单体102内部的方向凹陷，电极端子2和泄压机构3设置于第二部分12以降低高度，电极端子2和泄压机构3不超出第一表面111，使泄压机构3和电极端子2相对不容易触碰外部结构，缓解泄压机构3和电极端子2受撞击损坏的问题。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    外壳，包括第一壁；
    电极端子，设置于所述第一壁，用于输出或输入电能；
    泄压机构，设置于所述第一壁，用于在所述电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力；
    其中，所述第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一表面，所述第二部分相对于所述第一表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凹陷，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于第二部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述泄压机构不超出所述第一表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一部分围绕所述第二部分设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一部分与所述第二部分一体成型。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极端子包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一端面，所述第一端面不超出所述第一表面。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体包括极性相反的两个所述电极端子，所述泄压机构位于两个所述电极端子之间。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一部分包括面向所述电池单体内部的第二表面，所述第二部分相对于所述第二表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凸起。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，所述第二部分包括底壁和侧壁，所述侧壁围设于所述底壁并连接所述第一部分，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于所述底壁，所述侧壁的外周面与所述第二表面限定出围绕所述第二部分设置的第一凹槽；
    所述电池单体还包括：
    电极组件，所述电极组件设置在所述外壳内部，所述电极组件包括主体部和极耳，所述极耳连接于所述主体部面向所述第一壁的一端，至少部分所述极耳位于所述第一凹槽内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括：
    转接件，一端连接所述极耳，另一端连接所述电极端子。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，所述转接件包括第一段、第二段和第三段，所述第一段位于所述第一凹槽内并连接所述极耳，所述第三段位于所述底壁和所述主体部之间并连接所述电极端子，所述第二段连接所述第一段和所述第三段。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括：
    绝缘件，所述绝缘件位于所述第一壁和所述电极组件之间，以绝缘隔离所述第一壁和所述电极组件，所述绝缘件面向所述第一壁的一面形成有第二凹槽，至少部分所述第二部分嵌设于所述第二凹槽。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述外壳包括壳体和端盖，所述壳体设有开口，所述端盖用于封闭所述开口，所述第一壁为所述端盖。
  13. 一种电池，其中，包括权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池单体。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括：
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体；
    第一胶层，设置于所述第一表面，用于将所述电池单体粘结于所述箱体。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池，其中，所述外壳还包括与所述第一壁相对的第二壁；
    所述电池还包括：
    热管理部件，设置在所述箱体内，用于容纳流体以给所述电池单体调节温度；
    第二胶层，设置于所述第二壁的表面，用于将所述电池单体粘结于所述热管理部件。
  16. 一种用电设备，其中，包括权利要求13-15任一项所述的电池。
  17. 一种电池单体的制造方法，其中，包括：
    提供外壳、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子用于输出或输入电能，所述泄压机构用于在所述电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力，所述外壳包括第一壁，所述第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一表面，所述第二部 分相对于所述第一表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凹陷，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于所述第二部分。
  18. 一种电池单体的制造设备，其中，包括：
    提供装置，用于提供外壳、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子用于输出或输入电能，所述泄压机构用于在所述电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力，所述外壳包括第一壁，所述第一壁包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第一部分包括背离所述电池单体内部的第一表面，所述第二部分相对于所述第一表面沿朝向所述电池单体内部的方向凹陷，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构设置于所述第二部分。
PCT/CN2022/080216 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 WO2023168669A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/080216 WO2023168669A1 (zh) 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
CN202280034016.7A CN117296190A (zh) 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/080216 WO2023168669A1 (zh) 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023168669A1 true WO2023168669A1 (zh) 2023-09-14

Family

ID=87936927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/080216 WO2023168669A1 (zh) 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117296190A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023168669A1 (zh)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003197176A (ja) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-11 Yuasa Corp 電 池
US20150086816A1 (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-26 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Rechargeable battery and module thereof
US20190245172A1 (en) * 2016-06-23 2019-08-08 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Power storage device
CN215644673U (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-01-25 富基电子（深圳）有限公司 锂电池壳体

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003197176A (ja) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-11 Yuasa Corp 電 池
US20150086816A1 (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-26 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Rechargeable battery and module thereof
US20190245172A1 (en) * 2016-06-23 2019-08-08 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Power storage device
CN215644673U (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-01-25 富基电子（深圳）有限公司 锂电池壳体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117296190A (zh) 2023-12-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022006894A1 (zh) 电池及其相关装置、制备方法和制备设备
US11967725B2 (en) Case of battery, battery, power consumption device, and method and device for preparing battery
WO2023050835A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2022006903A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置
US11791518B2 (en) Battery, power consumption device, method and device for preparing a battery
WO2022105010A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电装置
EP3965214B1 (en) Battery and related apparatus thereof and preparation method and preparation device therefor
WO2023050631A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2023005408A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN213636145U (zh) 电池、包括电池的装置和制备电池的设备
WO2023279260A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
WO2022006896A1 (zh) 电池及其相关装置、制备方法和制备设备
US20230223641A1 (en) Box of battery, battery, power consumption apparatus, and method and apparatus for producing battery
WO2023236220A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023028864A1 (zh) 泄压装置、电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2023168669A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备
WO2023050078A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和装置
WO2023133855A1 (zh) 电池、用电设备及电池的制备方法和制备装置
WO2023173414A1 (zh) 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置
WO2023245431A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池及用电设备
WO2024007130A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
WO2024000369A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池和用电装置
WO2022082391A1 (zh) 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备
WO2024082096A1 (zh) 电池单体、电池、储能装置及用电装置
WO2024103201A1 (zh) 端盖组件、电池单体、电池和用电装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22930308

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202280034016.7

Country of ref document: CN