WO2023166567A1 - Dispositif de détection d'anomalie de palier à roulement, dispositif de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement, système de surveillance d'anomalie de train et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection d'anomalie de palier à roulement, dispositif de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement, système de surveillance d'anomalie de train et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023166567A1
WO2023166567A1 PCT/JP2022/008626 JP2022008626W WO2023166567A1 WO 2023166567 A1 WO2023166567 A1 WO 2023166567A1 JP 2022008626 W JP2022008626 W JP 2022008626W WO 2023166567 A1 WO2023166567 A1 WO 2023166567A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rolling bearing
abnormality
detection member
retainer
rolling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/008626
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
淳 木下
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2023526566A priority Critical patent/JP7471523B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2022/008626 priority patent/WO2023166567A1/fr
Publication of WO2023166567A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023166567A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device, a train abnormality diagnosis system, and a rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis method for diagnosing an abnormality in a rolling bearing.
  • a non-contact laser displacement gauge is used to detect the amount of change in the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the cage and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. It is disclosed to determine that there is (Patent Document 2).
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to obtain an abnormality diagnosis device that improves speed, simplicity, accuracy, shape restrictions, and strength in actual operation.
  • One invention of the present disclosure is an outer ring, an inner ring provided inside the outer ring, a plurality of rolling elements provided rollably between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a gap between adjacent rolling elements.
  • an abnormality detection device for a rolling bearing that detects an abnormality in a rolling bearing comprising a retainer that retains a plurality of rolling elements while maintaining The electrical characteristics between the first side detection member and the other second side detection member and the detection member electrically insulated and the first side detection member and the second side detection member were measured.
  • a measurement unit that outputs measurement information, and the detection members on the first side and the second side come into contact with the retainer when the retainer wears.
  • the present disclosure it is possible to detect the wear of the retainer based on the electrical characteristics obtained when the wear of the retainer progresses and the retainer contacts and conducts with the detection member or the contact information obtained therefrom. Therefore, it is possible to save time by eliminating analysis work, it is possible to simplify it because there is no precise processing of the bearing for installing sensors, it is possible to eliminate shape restrictions, and it is possible to prevent strength deterioration. Moreover, since it is not affected by grease or oil, the accuracy of abnormality diagnosis is improved.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rolling bearing according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, taken along a cross section perpendicular to the rotating shaft;
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing in a cross section parallel to the rotation axis of Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, and a block diagram of a rolling bearing abnormality detection device and abnormality diagnosis device using this diagram;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged top view of the retainer of the rolling bearing according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing in a cross section parallel to the rotation axis of Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, and a block diagram of a rolling bearing abnormality detection device and abnormality diagnosis device using this diagram;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged top view of the retainer of the rolling bearing according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rolling bearing in a cross section parallel to
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the detection member in a cross section parallel to the rotation axis of the rolling bearing according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
  • 1 is a configuration diagram of an abnormality detection device for a rolling bearing according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to a rotating shaft showing a rolling bearing and an abnormality detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to the rotating shaft showing the rolling bearing and another abnormality detection device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to the rotating shaft showing the rolling bearing and another abnormality detection device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to the rotating shaft, showing the rolling bearing and the abnormality detection device according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • It is a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis showing the rolling bearing and another abnormality detection device according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a train abnormality monitoring system according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of another train abnormality monitoring system according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of another train abnormality monitoring system according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of another train abnormality monitoring system according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure
  • Embodiment 1 A rolling bearing abnormality detection device and abnormality diagnosis device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • FIG. 1 A rolling bearing abnormality detection device and abnormality diagnosis device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • An abnormality detection device 100 for a rolling bearing 1 includes an outer ring 4, an inner ring 7 (which can also be regarded as a rotating ring) provided inside the outer ring 4 (which can also be regarded as a fixed ring), and an outer ring. 4 and an inner ring 7, and a retainer 9 for holding the plurality of rolling elements 8 while maintaining a gap between the adjacent rolling elements. It detects an abnormality in the bearing 1 .
  • the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 7 rotate relatively about the same rotation axis, and the plurality of rolling elements 8 are arranged on the outer ring raceway surface 3 on the inner peripheral surface 2 side of the outer ring 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 7. While rolling and rotating between the inner ring raceway surface 6 on the 5 side, it revolves around the same rotation axis.
  • the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 that contacts the rolling elements 8 is the outer ring raceway surface 3
  • the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 that contacts the rolling elements 8 is the inner ring raceway surface 6 .
  • the same rotating shaft will be referred to as the rotating shaft
  • the axial direction of the rotating shaft will be referred to as the axial direction
  • the radial direction from the central axis of the rotating shaft will be referred to as the radial direction
  • the rotating direction when rotated around the rotating shaft will be referred to as the circumferential direction.
  • the rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 is electrically insulated along the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 7 on one first side and the other second side in the rotation axis direction of the rolling bearing 1.
  • a detection member 15 provided, and a measurement unit 16 that outputs measurement information obtained by measuring electrical characteristics between the detection member 15 on the first side and the detection member 15 on the second side.
  • the detection members 15 on the first side and the second side may be configured to come into contact with the retainer 9 when the retainer 9 is worn. It is also possible to say that the detection member 15 is fitted to the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 .
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the abnormality detection device 100 for rolling bearings.
  • a rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 includes a detection member 15 and a measurement unit 16 .
  • the first-side and second-side detection members 15 of the rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 come into contact with the cage 9 when the cage 9 is worn.
  • the first side and the second side of the electrically insulated sensing member 15 come into contact with the retainer, they become electrically conductive, so that there is no contact between the sensing member 15 on the first side and the sensing member 15 on the second side.
  • a measuring unit 16 for measuring the electrical characteristics of the outputs the measured measurement information.
  • the measurement information output by the measurement unit 16 changes before and after the contact between the detection member 15 and the retainer. , to detect the wear of the retainer 9 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device 200.
  • a rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device 200 includes the above-described rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 and a diagnosis unit 19 .
  • the rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis apparatus 200 includes a diagnosis section 19 that receives measurement information output from the measurement section 16 of the rolling bearing abnormality detection apparatus 100 and judges the state of the rolling bearing 1 from the received measurement information.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a rolling bearing 1 in a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Note that the cross section is a plane passing through the center of the annular portion 10 on the outer side in the axial direction of the retainer 9 . Same below.
  • a cylindrical roller bearing 1 includes an outer ring 4, an inner ring 7, cylindrical rollers 8 that serve as rolling elements 8, and a retainer 9 that holds a plurality of cylindrical rollers 8 so that they can roll.
  • the outer ring raceway surface 3 is formed on the inner circumferential surface 2 of the outer ring 4 of the cylindrical roller bearing 1
  • the inner ring raceway surface 6 is formed on the outer circumferential surface 5 of the inner ring 7 .
  • a plurality of cylindrical rollers 8 are rotatably arranged between the outer ring raceway surface 3 and the inner ring raceway surface 6 .
  • a space between the outer ring raceway surface 3 and the inner ring raceway surface 6 is internally lubricated with lubricating oil such as grease.
  • the cylindrical roller bearing 1 has the outer ring 4 connected to one part and the inner ring 7 connected to the other part, so that the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 7 are relatively rotatable around the rotation axis.
  • the outer ring 4 side is fixed and the inner ring 7 side rotates.
  • the inner ring 7 side may be fixed and the outer ring 4 side may rotate. Not limited to this, it is also possible to rotate relatively.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example in which the inner ring 7 side is fixed to form a fixed ring.
  • the outer ring 4 is the rotating ring and the inner ring 7 is the fixed ring.
  • the retainer 9 includes a pair of circular ring portions 10 that are circular around the rotation axis, and a plurality of (16 in the example of FIG. ) of the column portion 11 .
  • a plurality of pocket portions 12 (16 in FIG. 1) defined by a pair of annular portions 10 and a plurality of column portions 11 hold the cylindrical rollers 8, respectively.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the retainer 9 viewed from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side.
  • a pocket portion 12 is provided between the upper and lower annular portions 10 and the adjacent two column portions 11, and the rolling elements 8 (cylindrical rollers 8) are accommodated in this space.
  • the rolling elements 8 (cylindrical rollers 8) roll in the circumferential direction with movement in the radial direction defined with respect to the outer ring raceway surface 3 and the inner ring raceway surface 6 .
  • each rolling element 8 (cylindrical roller 8) is held by a retainer 9 so as not to come into contact with the rolling element 8 (cylindrical roller 8) adjacent in the circumferential direction.
  • the cage 9 rotates in the same circumferential direction as the rolling elements 8, and between the outer ring raceway surface 3 and the inner ring raceway surface 6 in the radial direction, and between the rolling elements 8 (cylindrical rollers 8) in the circumferential direction. , not to always contact, but to afford. It is known that the retainer 9 wears as the rolling bearing 1 rotates. When wear occurs, the retainer 9 moves greatly in the radial direction or the circumferential direction from the initial stage, and may collide with the rolling elements 8 and be damaged.
  • the detection member 15 is two axially insulated conductors, both of which are provided on the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 .
  • the detection member 15 may be integrated by connecting two conductors with an insulating material, or two conductors may be separated.
  • the detection member 15 can be divided into one side and the other side in the axial direction.
  • the shape along the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 from the outer side in the axial direction to the center side in the axial direction for assembly. can be done.
  • the detection member 15 may be configured in a foil or sheet shape and attached to the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 .
  • the outer ring 4 is the rotating ring and the inner ring 7 is the fixed ring.
  • the detection member 15 is two axially insulated conductors, both of which are provided on the inner ring raceway surface 6 corresponding to the outer circumference of the inner ring 7 .
  • the detection member 15 may be integrated by connecting two conductors with an insulating material, or the two conductors may be separate bodies each contacting the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 .
  • the detection member 15 can be divided into one side and the other side in the axial direction. In this case, it is possible to assemble by fitting the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 from the outer side to the center side in the axial direction so that the shape conforms to the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 on each of the one side and the other side in the axial direction. .
  • the detection member 15 may be configured in a foil or sheet form and attached to the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 .
  • the detection member 15 electrically insulates the detection member 15 from the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 when the provided outer ring 4 or inner ring 7 is a conductor.
  • an insulating sheet may be attached to the connection surface of the detection member 15 with the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 to insulate it, or the contact surface of the detection member 15 with the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 or Alternatively, an insulating material may be applied to the joint surface of the detection member 15 of the inner ring 7 .
  • the detection member fitting portion 14 is fitted along the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 , and the detection member side portion along the outer side surface of the outer ring 4 in the axial direction. 13 may be provided. Further, when the detection member 15 is provided on the inner ring 7 , in addition to the detection member fitting portion 14 fitted along the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 , the detection member side portion along the axially outer side surface of the inner ring 7 13 may be provided. By providing the detection member 15 with not only the detection member fitting portion 14 but also the detection member side surface portion 13, the detection member 15 can be easily attached and the strength of the detection member 15 can be increased.
  • the two conductors insulated in the axial direction of the detection member 15 may be provided over the entire circumference of the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 in the circumferential direction, or may be provided partially in the circumferential direction. However, at the position in the circumferential direction where the detection member 15 exists, it is preferable that the conductors of the detection member 15 are present on both sides of the axial direction, one side and the other side. This is to ensure that the two conductors of the sensing member 15 come into contact with the retainer 9 at the same time when the retainer 9 wears. If there are two conductors in the axial direction, they will contact the retainer 9 at the same time and conduct.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example in which the detection member 15 is provided along the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 .
  • the detection member 15 is an annular component that is insulated on one side and the other side in the axial direction.
  • the detection member 15 is divided into one side and the other side in the axial direction and configured as separate bodies. You may make it fit toward (direction of the bearing center of an axial direction).
  • FIG. 9 shows an example in which the detection member 15 is provided along the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 .
  • the detection member 15 is an annular component that is insulated on one side and the other side in the axial direction.
  • the detection member 15 is divided into one side and the other side in the axial direction and configured as separate bodies. You may make it fit toward the bearing center direction of an axial direction).
  • At least a part of the detection member 15 is arranged in a range from the position where the rolling element receives the most force around the rotation center of the rolling bearing 1 to the direction rotated by 180 degrees in the direction in which the rolling element 8 rotates.
  • the detection member 15 is arranged in the range of 180 degrees or more and less than 360 degrees, assuming that the direction of the position where the force is most applied to the rolling elements 8 about the center of rotation of the rolling bearing 1 is 0 degrees.
  • the rotation angle When the rotation angle is viewed in the rotation direction (of the rolling element 8 in the absolute coordinate system), if the rotation of the inner ring 7 is counterclockwise, it is preferable to be provided in the range of plus or minus 90° or more around 135°. .
  • the rotation of the inner ring 7 is clockwise, it is preferable that it is provided in a range of plus or minus 90 degrees or more around 225 degrees.
  • the detection member 15 is provided at 180° or more in the circumferential direction. In other words, when the rotation angle is viewed in the rotation direction from the reference circumferential position, if the inner ring 7 rotates counterclockwise, it is preferable to provide at least a range of plus or minus 90 degrees around 135 degrees.
  • the range in which the detection member 15 is provided is larger than the range of ⁇ 90° from the center and smaller than the range of ⁇ 135°, more preferably the range of ⁇ 90° from the center. It may be larger and smaller than the range of plus or minus 100 degrees.
  • the reference position and the reference circumferential position are reference circumferential positions at which the maximum load is applied to the rolling elements 8 around the rotation axis. Strictly speaking, the reference circumferential position changes due to acceleration or deceleration, but it may be considered as a vertically downward circumferential position from the center of the rotating shaft in a stationary state.
  • the inner ring 7 is a fixed ring.
  • the rotation angle of the outer ring 4 is viewed in the direction of rotation (of the rolling elements 8 in the absolute coordinate system), and the rotation of the outer ring 4 is counterclockwise, it is provided within a range of plus or minus 90 degrees or more around 315 degrees. and good.
  • the rotation of the outer ring 4 is clockwise, it is preferable to be provided in a range of plus or minus 90 degrees or more around 45 degrees.
  • the detection member 15 is provided at 180° or more in the circumferential direction.
  • the range in which the detection member 15 is provided is larger than the range of ⁇ 90° from the center and smaller than the range of ⁇ 135°, more preferably the range of ⁇ 90° from the center. It may be larger and smaller than the range of plus or minus 100 degrees.
  • the two conductors of the detection member 15 are provided with electric wires 17 that connect the conductors and the measuring section 16, respectively.
  • the measurement unit 16 measures changes in electrical characteristics from the two wires 17 , outputs information including the changes, and transmits the information to the outside of the abnormality detection device 100 .
  • a rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device 200 for diagnosing an abnormality in a rolling bearing includes an abnormality detection device 100, a transmission section 18 for transmitting information on electrical characteristics, and a diagnosis section 19 for diagnosing abnormality in the rolling bearing from the information on electrical characteristics. including.
  • the rolling elements (cylindrical rollers) 8 receive the load from the inner ring 7 or the outer ring 4, and mainly receive the load.
  • the rolling elements (cylindrical rollers) 8 that receive this load are mainly in the load bearing zone within a certain range of the direction of the load with respect to the central axis of rotation. Roller).
  • the rolling elements (cylindrical rollers) 8 rotate and move around the rotation axis. Focusing on one rolling element (cylindrical roller) 8, the rolling element 8 enters the load bearing area from outside the load bearing area, passes through the load bearing area, and exits the load bearing area.
  • the rolling element 8 When the rolling element 8 passes through the load bearing area and escapes, it is accelerated by the force directed toward the opening direction caused by the change from compression to unloading, and by the fact that the slip is suppressed by the fact that it was under the load. .
  • the retainer 9 receives force in the tangential direction of the circumference passing through the center of the radial width of the retainer 9 at the position where the rolling elements 8 leave the load zone.
  • the retainer 9, which rotates together with the rolling elements 8, is intermittently subjected to a tangential force to the circumference at the exit position of the load zone.
  • the retainer 9 does not revolve around the rotation axis, but eccentrically revolves (swings) at a position radially away from the rotation axis.
  • the rotation angle in the rotating direction is 135 from the reference circumferential position where the maximum load is applied to the rolling elements 8 around the rotation axis. It revolves eccentrically (whirling) at a position radially away from the rotation axis at the position of °.
  • the rotation angle is 225° in the rotation direction from the reference circumferential position where the maximum load is applied to the rolling elements 8 around the rotation axis. At the position of , it eccentrically revolves (whirling) at a position radially away from the rotation axis.
  • the retainer 9 is eccentric due to the tangential force of the circumference at the exit position of the load zone, so the eccentric direction is the tangential direction of the circumference at the exit position of the load zone.
  • the position at which the distance between the outer ring 4 and the cage 9 and between the inner ring 7 and the cage 9 is the shortest in one revolution cycle is the rotation of the cage 9.
  • the position is 135° in the rotational direction of the rolling element 8 with respect to the reference position.
  • the rotating direction of the retainer 9 is clockwise, the position is 225° in the rotating direction of the rolling elements 8 with respect to the reference position.
  • the rolling bearing 1 Since the rolling bearing 1 is provided with the detection member 15 on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 where the rolling elements 8 are located, naturally when the distance between the cage 9 and the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 changes as described above, In addition, the cage-detection member distance L, which is the distance between the cage 9 and the detection member 15, also changes.
  • the eccentric revolution (whirling) phenomenon of the retainer 9 becomes more pronounced.
  • the distance to the inner ring 7 changes more greatly.
  • the cage-sensing member distance L likewise changes more greatly, and the shortest cage-sensing member distance L also becomes shorter. That is, as the retainer 9 wears, the amount of change in the retainer-detecting member distance L gradually increases, and eventually the retainer-detecting member distance L becomes zero. That is, when the detection member 15 is provided on the outer ring 4, the cage outer peripheral surface 9a and the abnormality detection contact portion 15a of the detection member 15 come into contact with each other.
  • the detection members 15 on the first side and the second side are arranged so as to come into contact with the cage 9 when the cage 9 wears. ) are arranged in consideration of the phenomenon.
  • the detection member 15 may be provided over the entire circumference of the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7, or may be provided partially. If it is provided in part, it is preferable to provide it as follows from the characteristics of the eccentric revolution (whirling) phenomenon when the retainer 9 is worn.
  • the outer ring 4 is a fixed ring
  • the rotation angle of the inner ring 7 rolling element 8 in the absolute coordinate system
  • the rotation of the inner ring 7 is counterclockwise. , 135° in the range of ⁇ 90° or more.
  • the rotation of the inner ring 7 is clockwise, it is preferable to provide the range of ⁇ 90° or more around 225°.
  • the rotation of the outer ring 4 is counterclockwise when viewed from the reference circumferential position in the direction of rotation of the outer ring 4 (rolling elements 8 in the absolute coordinate system). In this case, it is preferable to provide the range of ⁇ 90° or more around 315°. Alternatively, when the rotation of the outer ring 4 is clockwise, it is preferable to provide the range of ⁇ 90° or more around 45°.
  • the angle at which the detection member 15 is provided is set to 90°.
  • 15 When 15 is provided, it may be in the range of 270° to 360° in the rotational direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position.
  • the detection member 15 protrudes from the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 toward the retainer 9, so that the rolling bearing 1 is detected from other portions.
  • the retainer-sensing member distance L becomes small. Then, when the retainer 9 wears, due to the tangential force, the portion where the detection member 15 exists comes into contact with the other portions first.
  • the detection member 15 When the direction of relative rotation of the bearing changes and when the detection member 15 is provided on the outer ring 4 , the detection member is mounted on the inner ring 7 within a range of 90° to 270° from the reference circumferential position in one rotational direction of the rolling element 8 .
  • the range of 270° to 360° in one rotational direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position can facilitate manufacturing and assembly.
  • the detection member 15 when the detection member 15 is attached to the outer ring 4 , the detection member 15 may be provided on the vertically upward half, and when the inner ring 7 is attached to the detection member 15 , the detection member may be provided on the vertically downward half.
  • the circumferential range of the detection member 15 is provided so as to be symmetrical with respect to a straight line passing through the reference circumferential position and the center of the rotation axis. , the sensitivity of wear detection of the retainer 9 can be enhanced regardless of the direction of rotation.
  • the amount of protrusion of the detection member 15 from the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 is the distance from the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 to the cage or the distance from the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 to the cage. should be larger than 10% and smaller than 50%.
  • the thickness D of the abnormality detection contact portion 15a in the cage direction is the distance from the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 to the cage or the distance from the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 to the cage. It may vary between 10% and 50%.
  • a threshold value for abnormality detection such as enabling detection in a state in which damage to the retainer is small and there is a margin.
  • one or more thin plates or sheets can be detachably attached to the outer ring 4 side or the inner ring 7 side of the detecting member 15 so that the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 of the detecting member 15 can be removed.
  • the detection member 15 when the detection member 15 is formed of a sheet as described above, it may have a laminated sheet structure in which each layer can be detached in order to adjust the amount of protrusion, and the amount of protrusion can be adjusted by the number of stacked sheets.
  • the adjusting portion for adjusting the thickness in the radial direction as described above, it becomes possible to set the threshold value for abnormality detection and adjust the sensitivity according to the actual usage of the rolling bearing 1 and the like.
  • both sides of the detection member 15 which were electrically insulated, are brought into conduction by the cage 9.
  • the connected electric wires 17 and the measuring unit 16 connected to the electric wires 17 become conductive.
  • the detection member 15 and the retainer 9 are conductive members.
  • the measuring unit 16 measures the electrical characteristics between one side and the other side of the insulated detection member 15 connected to the tip of the two electric wires 17, and determines the measured electrical characteristics, or from the electrical characteristics The obtained information is output as measurement information. Since the one side and the other side of the detection member 15 are insulated until the retainer 9 and the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 come into contact with each other, the electrical resistance value of the electrical characteristics is infinite. , and if a voltage is applied, the current value of the electrical characteristics is zero. When the retainer 9 and the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 come into contact with each other, the one side and the other side of the detection member 15 are electrically connected, the electrical resistance value becomes close to zero, and the current value increases.
  • the measurement unit 16 outputs electrical resistance values and current values as the measured electrical characteristics.
  • the measurement unit 16 sets a predetermined threshold value in advance for the measured electrical resistance value, and outputs a signal indicating non-contact if the electrical resistance value is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold value, and a signal indicating contact if the electrical resistance value is less than the threshold value. You may make it output.
  • the measurement unit 16 sets a predetermined threshold in advance for the measured current value, and outputs a signal indicating non-contact when the current value is less than the predetermined threshold, and a signal indicating contact when the current value is equal to or greater than the threshold. You may do so.
  • the electrical resistance value, the current value, and the signal become measurement information, and the measurement unit 16 outputs the measurement information to the outside.
  • the measurement unit 16 may not output when the measured electrical characteristic does not indicate contact, and may output the value together with the time when the value indicating contact is measured. Also, when measuring a value that means contact continuously after measuring a value that means contact, output will not be made until the next value that indicates no contact is measured, and then it will be determined that there is no contact. A signal may be output together with the time that the contact ends when a value is measured. By doing so, the output signal or data can be greatly reduced.
  • the anomaly detection device 100 may be provided with a storage unit 31 that associates and stores the measurement information measured by the measurement unit 16 and the time information of the measured time. Further, the abnormality detection device 100 may be provided with an external interface section 32 that outputs measurement information and time information stored in the storage section 31 according to a command from the outside of the abnormality detection device 100 .
  • the external interface unit 32 performs wired or wireless transmission/reception with the outside.
  • the external interface unit 32 may be connected to a network for transmission and reception, and the network may be a local network or the Internet.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 of the abnormality diagnosis device 200 receives the measurement information output from the measurement unit 16, and judges the state of the rolling bearing 1 from the measurement information.
  • the transmission path of the measurement information transmitted from the measurement unit 16 may be wired or wireless.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 detects that the cage 9 is in contact with the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 if the measurement information is less than a predetermined threshold value. Determine that wear has progressed. Further, when the received measurement information is a current value, the diagnosis unit 19 detects that the cage 9 and the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 are in contact with each other if the measurement information is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. wear is advanced. Until then, it is normal.
  • the diagnostic unit 19 judges that the signal is normal if the signal indicates no contact, and the signal indicates the presence of contact. If so, it is determined that the wear of the retainer 9 has progressed.
  • the retainer 9 and the detection member 15 initially move one relative rotation of the bearing. contact at one point per Furthermore, when the retainer 9 wears, the area of contact between the retainer 9 and the detecting member 15 increases due to elastic deformation of the retainer 9, the rolling elements 8, the detecting member 15 itself, and among them, thereby increasing the bearing. The contact time between the retainer 9 and the detection member 15 increases during one relative rotation of .
  • the degree of wear of the retainer 9 can be known by measuring the rate of contact between the retainer 9 and the detection member 15 during one rotation of the bearing.
  • the measuring unit 16 obtains the contact ratio, which is the ratio of the contact time between the detection member 15 and the retainer 9 to the time for one relative rotation between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 7, and outputs the contact ratio as measurement information. You can do it.
  • the measurement unit 16 obtains the time for one rotation and the contact time from the measured measurement information and the time information of the measured time, divides the contact time by the time required for one rotation, and obtains the contact time. Ask for a percentage.
  • the contact ratio may be obtained using information stored in the storage unit 31 that stores measurement information and time information in association with each other. Further, the external interface unit 32 may transmit to the outside as measurement information including the obtained contact ratio, or may transmit a signal of the contact ratio in response to a request from the outside.
  • the contact ratio information can be included in the measurement information as contact information.
  • the contact duration time which is the time of continuous contact
  • the contact information in the measurement information can be included in the measurement information as contact information in addition to the contact ratio.
  • the contact time becomes longer. From the relationship between the rotational speed of the rolling bearing 1 or the moving speed of the moving body provided with the rolling bearing 1 and the contact time, an index similar to the above contact ratio can be obtained, so the degree of wear can be easily determined. can.
  • a threshold value of the contact time is set in advance for each rotation speed, each moving speed of the moving body, and each degree of wear of the retainer 9, and the threshold value of the degree of wear of the contact time is determined according to the rotation speed and moving speed. It is also possible to diagnose an abnormality of the rolling bearing 1 depending on whether or not it has exceeded.
  • the measurement unit 16 may output the rotational speed of the rolling bearing 1 or the moving speed of the moving body together with the contact time as measurement information.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 receives the measurement information from the measurement unit 16, and determines the contact time, which is the ratio of the contact time between the detection member 15 and the retainer 9 to the time for one relative rotation between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 7. Based on the ratio, the condition of the rolling bearing 1, in particular the degree of wear of the cage 9, may be determined. It may be determined that the wear of the retainer 9 progresses more as the contact ratio increases, and an alarm may be output when the contact ratio is greater than or equal to the threshold. Note that the diagnosis unit 19 may receive measurement information that does not include the contact ratio, and obtain the measurement information in the diagnosis unit 19 in the same manner as described above.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 acquires the rotational speed of the rolling bearing 1 or the moving speed of the moving body from the outside, and associates the received measurement information with the measured contact time. information on rotation speed and movement speed may be included.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 stores a contact time threshold value for each rotation speed, each moving speed of the moving body, and each degree of wear of the retainer 9. information on the rolling bearing 1 may be acquired, and the abnormality of the rolling bearing 1 may be diagnosed based on whether or not the contact time exceeds the threshold value of the degree of wear according to the acquired rotational speed and moving speed.
  • the upper limit is (the angle of the range in which the detection member 15 is provided)/360°.
  • cylindrical roller bearing 1 is used as the rolling bearing 1, but the present invention can be applied to any rolling bearing such as tapered roller bearings and deep groove ball bearings.
  • the rolling bearing is electrically insulated along the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 7 on one first side and the other second side in the rotation axis direction of the rolling bearing. and a measuring unit that outputs measurement information obtained by measuring the electrical characteristics between the first-side detecting member 15 and the second-side detecting member 15, so that the retainer can be detected with a simple configuration. There is an effect that the wear condition can be grasped.
  • the detection member 15 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4
  • the detection member 15 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7. and good.
  • the rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 of the present embodiment in consideration of the eccentric revolution (whirling) phenomenon when the cage 9 is worn, the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 can be detected in a specific range in the circumferential direction.
  • the wear of the retainer 9 can be detected at an early stage with a simple structure and a small number of parts.
  • the detection member 15 since the detection member 15 includes a cylindrical shape or a partial cylindrical shape, it can be fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 7 . Therefore, there is no need for machining such as drilling of the rolling bearing, and there is no risk of lowering the strength of the rolling bearing 1 itself.
  • the detection member 15 when the detection member 15 is provided not on the entire circumference of the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 but on a part of the angle, the detection member 15 becomes a thin plate.
  • the detection member 15 can be easily fixed to the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 by forming the detection member 15 with a smaller curvature than the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 and elastically deforming and fitting the detection member 15 .
  • Embodiment 2 the change in the radial width of the detection member 15 was not described, but in the present embodiment, an example in which the radial width of the detection member 15 is changed will be described.
  • the same words and symbols as those in the above-described embodiment mean the same thing unless otherwise specified.
  • Rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 provides a first side and a second side of rolling bearing 1 along the inner peripheral surface 2 of outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface 5 of inner ring 7 in the rotational axis direction.
  • a detection member 15 provided electrically insulated on two sides, and a measurement unit 16 for outputting measurement information obtained by measuring electrical characteristics between the detection member 15 on the first side and the detection member 15 on the second side.
  • the detection members 15 on the first side and the second side may be configured to come into contact with the retainer 9 when the retainer 9 is worn. It is also possible to say that the detection member 15 is fitted to the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 .
  • the detection members 15 on the first side and the second side of the abnormality detection device 100 come into contact with the retainer 9 when the retainer 9 wears.
  • the first side and the second side of the electrically insulated sensing member 15 come into contact with the retainer, they become electrically conductive, so that there is no contact between the sensing member 15 on the first side and the sensing member 15 on the second side.
  • a measuring unit 16 for measuring the electrical characteristics of the output s the measured measurement information.
  • the measurement information output by the measurement unit 16 changes before and after the contact between the detection member 15 and the retainer. , to detect the wear of the retainer 9 .
  • the rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device 200 includes a diagnosis section 19 that receives the measurement information output by the measurement section 16 and judges the status of the rolling bearing 1 from the received measurement information.
  • the detection member 15 is provided over the entire 360° circumference along the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 .
  • the portion of the entire circumference where the cage-detection member distance L, which is the distance between the cage 9 and the detection member 15 becomes smaller when the cage 9 wears.
  • the detection members 15 on the first side and the second side are arranged 180 degrees in the direction in which the rolling element 8 rotates from the reference direction.
  • the maximum radial thickness in the range up to the direction rotated by degrees is thicker than the maximum radial thickness in the range up to the direction rotated 180 degrees from the reference direction in the direction opposite to the direction in which the rolling element rotates.
  • the retainer 9 receives force in the direction of rotation in the tangential direction of the circumference passing through the center of the radial width of the retainer 9 at the position where the rolling elements 8 escape from the load zone, as described in the above embodiment.
  • the radial thickness of the detection member 15 is determined so that the distance between the retainer 9 and the detection member 15 in the direction of the force from the center of the rotation axis is short. Therefore, the position where the detection member 15 is thickened in the radial direction differs by 180° between the case where the detection member 15 is provided on the outer ring 4 and the case where the detection member 15 is provided on the inner ring 7 . Moreover, the radial thickness of the detection member 15 is increased at least in the range including the position in the direction of the force. The thickness of the detection member 15 in the radial direction can also be said to be the thickness of the detection member 15 in the direction of the retainer 9 .
  • the circumferential portion of the detection member 15 in which the thickness in the radial direction is increased is within a range of 90° to 180° in the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference position.
  • the range is from 270° to 360° in the direction of rotation of the rolling element 8 from the reference position.
  • the reference position is a reference circumferential position at which the maximum load is applied to the rolling elements 8 around the rotation axis. Strictly speaking, the reference circumferential position changes due to acceleration or deceleration, but it may be considered as a vertically downward circumferential position from the center of the rotating shaft in a stationary state.
  • the range in the circumferential direction in which the radial thickness of the detection member 15 is increased is set to 90°. ° to 180°, and when the detection member 15 is provided on the inner ring 7, the range may be 270° to 360° in the rotational direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example in which the outer ring 4 is a fixed ring and the detection member 15 is provided along the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 along the entire circumference.
  • the radial thickness of the detection member 15 in the range of 90° to 180° in the rotational direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position is an example of increasing the thickness.
  • the detection member 15 protrudes from the reference circumferential position toward the rotation shaft within a range of 90° to 180° in the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 .
  • the amount of protrusion can be 50% of the distance from the bottom surface 15b of the abnormality detection contact portion of the detection member 15 to the retainer outer peripheral surface 9a.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which the outer ring 4 is a fixed ring and the detection member 15 is provided along the outer peripheral surface 5 of the inner ring 7 along the entire circumference.
  • the radial thickness of the detection member 15 in the range of 270° to 360° in the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position is an example of increasing the thickness.
  • the detection member 15 protrudes away from the rotation axis within a range of 270° to 360° in the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position.
  • the detection member 15 when the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 changes, when the detection member 15 is provided on the outer ring 4, the detection member 15 is mounted on the inner ring 7 within a range of 90° to 270° in the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position. , it may be in a combined range of 0° to 90° and 270° to 360° from the reference circumferential position in the rotational direction of the rolling element 8 .
  • the cage 9 and the detection member 15 come into contact with each other due to the eccentric revolution (whirling) phenomenon caused by the wear of the cage 9.
  • the eccentric revolution (whirling) phenomenon caused by the wear of the cage 9.
  • damage to the cage can be detected with a small degree of leeway, and the accuracy of detection can be increased.
  • the sensitivity of wear detection of the retainer 9 can be enhanced.
  • the range in which the thickness of the detection member 15 is increased includes the position in the tangential direction of the circumference passing through the center of the radial width of the retainer 9 at the position where the rolling elements 8 escape from the load zone when viewed from the center of the rotation shaft. As a result, the sensitivity of wear detection of the retainer 9 can be enhanced.
  • the range in the circumferential direction in which the radial thickness of the detection member 15 is increased is set to 90° for convenience.
  • the range of 270° to 360° in the rotation direction of the rolling element 8 from the reference circumferential position can facilitate manufacturing and assembly.
  • the radial thickness of the detection member 15 is increased so as to be symmetrical with respect to a straight line passing through the reference circumferential position and the center of the rotation axis.
  • Embodiment 3 The rolling bearing abnormality detection device 100 and the abnormality diagnosis device 200 of the above embodiments can be applied to abnormality detection and abnormality diagnosis of bearings attached to axles, reduction gears, and electric motor shafts of railway vehicles.
  • a train abnormality monitoring system for railway vehicles using the abnormality detection device 100 and the abnormality diagnosis device 200 described in the above embodiments will be described.
  • the same words and symbols as those in the above-described embodiment mean the same thing unless otherwise specified.
  • the train anomaly monitoring system 300 is an anomaly monitoring system that monitors anomalies in the rolling bearings 1 that hold the axles of the railcars 20, the reduction gears, or the rotating shafts of the electric motors.
  • a train abnormality monitoring system 300 includes an abnormality diagnosis device 200 having an abnormality detection device 100, and an integrated train management device 21 installed in a railway vehicle 20 having a plurality of rolling bearings 1 and including a function of monitoring the operating state of rotating equipment. .
  • the diagnosis unit 19 of the abnormality diagnosis device 200 determines that there is an abnormality
  • the integrated train management device 21 causes the cab 22 of the railway vehicle 20 to display, for example, that there is an abnormality in the rolling bearing 1 . Since the train abnormality monitoring system 300 monitors the rolling bearing 1 of the railway vehicle, it can be said to be a train abnormality monitoring system for the railway vehicle.
  • the abnormality detection device 100 is electrically insulated along the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 7 of the rolling bearing 1 on one first side and the other second side in the rotation axis direction of the rolling bearing 1 . and a measuring unit 16 for outputting measurement information obtained by measuring electrical characteristics between the detecting member 15 on the first side and the detecting member 15 on the second side.
  • the detection members 15 on the first side and the second side may be configured to come into contact with the retainer 9 when the retainer 9 is worn.
  • the rolling bearing abnormality diagnosis device 200 includes a diagnosis section 19 that receives the measurement information output by the measurement section 16 and judges the status of the rolling bearing 1 from the received measurement information.
  • the railway vehicle 20 to be monitored for anomalies may be one car, one train set 23 consisting of a plurality of cars, or a plurality of train sets 23.
  • One or a plurality of rolling bearings 1 to be monitored for anomalies exist in each railcar 20 .
  • FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of the train abnormality monitoring system 300 of this embodiment.
  • the train abnormality monitoring system 300 is a train abnormality monitoring system that monitors an abnormality in the rolling bearing 1 that holds the axle of the railway vehicle 20, the speed reducer, or the rotating shaft of the electric motor.
  • the abnormality detection device 100 includes a detection member 15 and a measurement section 16 .
  • the detection member 15 provided on the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 of the rolling bearing 1 (other than the retainer 9 is not shown) that holds the axle of the railway vehicle 20, the rotation shaft of the speed reducer, or the electric motor is the shaft of the rolling bearing 1. They are provided insulated from each other on one side and the other side of the direction.
  • a measurement unit 16 that measures electrical characteristics between one side and the other side of the detection member outputs measured measurement information.
  • the detection members 15 of the abnormality detection device 100 are provided on both sides in the axial direction of each rolling bearing 1 (both sides are called one set), as in the above-described embodiment.
  • the measuring unit 16 may be provided for each rolling bearing, or may be configured to measure a plurality of sets of detection members 15 with one measuring unit 16 and output measurement information for a plurality of sets. .
  • the measurement unit 16 may be provided for each vehicle of the formation 23 composed of a plurality of vehicles.
  • the measuring unit 16 measures the electrical characteristics obtained by contact conduction between the detection member 15 and the retainer 9 or the contact information and the rolling bearing obtained from the electrical characteristics of the rolling bearings used in the rotating equipment installed in the railway vehicle 20. Output identification information for identification.
  • the measurement information measured by the measurement unit 16 is the electrical characteristics obtained by the continuity of contact between the detection member 15 and the retainer 9, or the contact information obtained therefrom. Further, the measuring unit 16 may associate the time when the electrical characteristic is measured with the measured value, and output or store it as measurement information.
  • the measurement unit 16 calculates the relative rotation of the rolling bearing 1, in this case, per rotation of the shaft, based on the current value or the resistance value obtained by the contact between the cage 9 and the detection member 15 and the time of measurement.
  • the contact ratio which is the ratio of the contact time during which the retainer 9 and the detection member 15 are in contact, may be included in the measurement information and output as the contact information.
  • Each rolling bearing 1 is given identification information for identifying each.
  • the measurement unit 16 may associate the identification information of the rolling bearing 1 with the measurement information of the rolling bearing 1 and output (transmit to the outside) or store the information in the storage unit 31 . In this way, by setting the identification information of the rolling bearing 1 and the measurement information of the rolling bearing 1 as a set, outputting and storing in association with each other, when an abnormality is detected from the measurement information, any knitting 23 , which vehicle, which bogie, and which rolling bearing 1 has an abnormality such as wear.
  • the abnormality diagnostic device 200 includes a diagnostic section 19 .
  • the diagnosis unit 19 receives the measurement information output from the measurement unit 16 of the abnormality detection device 100 by wire or wirelessly, and determines the rolling bearing from the electrical characteristics that are the measurement information or the contact information (contact ratio) obtained therefrom. Abnormality such as wear of the retainer 9 of 1 is determined.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 can also determine the degree of wear of the retainer 9 from the contact information (contact rate) included in the measurement information, and determine that there is an abnormality when the wear is equal to or greater than the threshold.
  • diagnosis unit 19 may obtain the contact ratio from the measurement information received by the diagnosis unit 19 when the measurement unit 16 does not obtain the contact ratio.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 can identify the target rolling bearing 1 from the identification information of the rolling bearing 1 included in the measurement information, and can detect wear and the like in any formation 23, any vehicle, any bogie, and any rolling bearing 1. It is possible to output whether an abnormality has occurred. For this, the diagnosis unit 19 stores the identification information and the relationship between the formation 23, the car, the truck, and the arrangement location of the rolling bearing, and stores the formation 23, the car, the truck, and the arrangement location of the bearing in which the abnormality has occurred. It is possible to output a signal to be specified and displayed on a display.
  • the integrated train management device 21 receives the results determined by the diagnostic unit 19 by wire or wireless transmission, and if there is an abnormality, causes the display to display the abnormality.
  • the display the one in the driver's cab 22 connected to the integrated train management device 21 may be used.
  • the diagnostic unit 19 specifies the formation 23, car, bogie, and location of the bearing in which the abnormality has occurred, and the integrated train management device 21 receives this information and converts it into information for display that graphically changes the location of the abnormality. and output to the display.
  • the integrated train management device 21 receives the identification information of the rolling bearings 1 from the diagnostic unit 19, and stores the identification information stored in the integrated train management device 21. From the information indicating the relationship, it is also possible to specify the arrangement location of the train set 23, the vehicle, the bogie, and the rolling bearing that are determined to be abnormal.
  • one trainset 23 composed of a plurality of railcars 20 has been described, but it can also be said that this system is an abnormality monitoring system that monitors for anomalies in a plurality of rolling bearings 1 in one trainset 23 .
  • FIG. 13 shows a configuration diagram of another train abnormality monitoring system 300 of this embodiment.
  • the status of the rolling bearing 1 in one train set 23 of the railway vehicle is diagnosed and the diagnosis result is displayed. You may make it memorize
  • the abnormality diagnosis device 200 having the abnormality detection device 100 and the plurality of rolling bearings 1 are installed in the railway vehicle 20 in one train set 23 of the railway vehicle.
  • each of a plurality of formations 23 is provided with an abnormality diagnosis device 200 and an integrated train management device 21 .
  • the train abnormality monitoring system 300 is connected to the integrated train management device 21 via a wired or wireless network, and is a maintenance system that holds information on the rolling bearings 1 of the rolling bearings 1 of the plurality of train sets 23 having the integrated train management device 21 .
  • a server 25 is provided.
  • the detection member 15, the measurement unit 16, and the diagnosis unit 19 have the same configuration as the example in FIG. 12 described above.
  • the output information output from the measurement unit 16 is transmitted to the maintenance server 25 via the network.
  • the maintenance server 25 also stores output information output from the measurement unit 16 in the storage device of the maintenance server 25 .
  • the maintenance server 25 may be provided at a maintenance center, a maintenance base, or the like instead of on the railcar 20 . In this case, it is not necessary to provide the diagnostic unit 19 in each train set 23 of the railway vehicle 20 . Therefore, it is no longer necessary to provide each train set 23 of the railway vehicle 20 with the ability to execute the diagnostic unit 19, electric power, etc., and the number of components of the railway vehicle 20 or each train set 23 can be reduced and simplified.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 or the train integrated management device 21 temporarily stores the output information output from the measurement unit 16 of each rolling bearing 1, and transmits the stored information to the maintenance server 25 at any timing.
  • the temporarily stored information may be transferred to a storage medium and stored in the storage section of the maintenance server 25 using the storage medium.
  • the timing of transmission to the maintenance server 25 may be when the train is stopped at a station, traffic light, garage, or the like. This is because a wireless connection provides a good communication environment, and a wired connection allows a connection line for communication to be connected.
  • diagnostic information which is the result of diagnosis output from the abnormality diagnosis device 200, is transmitted to the maintenance server 25 via the network.
  • the diagnostic information is information about the result of determination such as whether each rolling bearing 1 is healthy, abnormal, or requires inspection.
  • the maintenance server 25 may store the transmitted diagnostic information in a storage device of the maintenance server 25 . Since the output information output from the measuring unit 16 is generated in units of seconds in each rolling bearing 1, it becomes a large amount of data for a plurality of formations 23. However, by transmitting diagnostic information and abnormality information, The transmission load can be greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 14 shows a configuration diagram of another train abnormality monitoring system 300 of this embodiment.
  • the information of the rolling bearings 1 of a plurality of formations 23 is aggregated in the maintenance server 25, and the collected information is stored. 19 is not provided, and the diagnosis unit 19 is provided so as to be connected to the maintenance server 25 so that the diagnosis unit 19 can diagnose the status of each rolling bearing 1 based on the information output from the measurement unit 16 stored in the maintenance server 25. You can do it.
  • the maintenance server 25 may be provided with an input unit for inputting maintenance information including output information (measurement information) corresponding to the identification information of the rolling bearing from the outside. Based on the input maintenance information, the judgment criteria described below may be obtained.
  • the maintenance information includes measurement information measured in the past, and can also include information on the results of inspections that determine that maintenance or update is necessary. Using past measurement information and maintenance or update required result information, criteria and thresholds can be determined.
  • the detection member 15 and the measurement unit 16 have the same configuration as in the example of FIG. 12 described above.
  • the abnormality detection device 100 configured by the detection member 15 and the measurement unit 16 is provided on the rolling bearing 1 of the railroad vehicle 20 or on the railroad vehicle.
  • the measuring unit 16 identifies the electrical characteristics of the rolling bearing 1 used in the rotating equipment installed in the railway vehicle 20, obtained by conducting the contact between the detection member 15 and the retainer 9, or the contact information obtained therefrom, and the rolling bearing.
  • the identification information is output and transmitted to the maintenance server 25 via a wired or wireless network.
  • the measurement information includes identification information for identifying the rolling bearing 1 to be measured (identification of the formation 23, vehicle, and bearing), as well as information on the time of measurement.
  • the integrated train management device 21 of each train set 23 of the railway vehicle may temporarily hold the measurement information and transmit it to the maintenance server 25. . This is suitable when the railroad vehicle 20 transmits in a location where the environment of the transmission line is favorable.
  • the maintenance server 25 receives the measurement information of the rolling bearings 1 of the multiple formations 23 and stores it in the storage unit.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 reads the measurement information of the rolling bearings 1 of the multiple formations 23 stored in the maintenance server 25, and determines whether each rolling bearing 1 has an abnormality. Specifically, the diagnosis unit 19 identifies the target rolling bearing 1 from the identification information of the rolling bearing 1 included in the measurement information stored in the maintenance server 25, and identifies which formation 23, which vehicle, which one , which rolling bearing 1 has an abnormality such as wear.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 stores in advance the identification information and the relationship between the formation 23, the vehicle, the bogie, and the arrangement location of the rolling bearing, and specifies the formation 23, the vehicle, the bogie, and the arrangement location of the bearing in which the abnormality has occurred. , can output a signal to be graphically displayed on a display.
  • each train set 23 of the railcars 20 there is no need to provide a storage device for holding measurement information over a long period of time or a computing device for diagnosis. Since it is performed by the diagnostic unit 19 connected to , the efficiency of the entire system is good.
  • FIG. 15 shows a configuration diagram of another train abnormality monitoring system 300 of this embodiment.
  • Each diagnosis unit 19 judges an abnormality based on the judgment criteria.
  • the abnormality detection device 100, the abnormality diagnosis device 200, and the maintenance server 25 are the same as in the example of FIG.
  • the analysis unit 26 is wired or wirelessly connected to the maintenance server 25 and reads the measurement information of the rolling bearing 1 of the railcar 20 stored in the maintenance server 25 .
  • the analysis unit 26 analyzes the measurement information of the plurality of rolling bearings 1 of the plurality of railcars 20 of the plurality of trainsets 23, and obtains the criteria for determining the value of the measurement information that causes the wear of the cage 9 of the rolling bearing 1 to be abnormal. .
  • the judgment criterion can be obtained as a function of an inequality with the values of the threshold data or the measurement information as variables.
  • the analysis unit 26 transmits the obtained determination criteria as determination criterion information to the diagnosis unit 19 via the maintenance server 25 and the integrated train management device 21, via the integrated train management device 21, or directly.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 receives the judgment criterion information, stores the judgment criterion information, or updates the existing judgment criterion to the judgment criterion of the received judgment criterion information, and uses it to judge the abnormality of the measurement information.
  • each rolling bearing 1 stored after operation for a certain period of time it means the contact between the cage 9 and the detection member 15 of the measurement information with respect to the total time that the rolling bearing 1 is rotating.
  • the ratio of the time with the signal is obtained, the standard deviation of the ratio of the contact time to the total time is obtained, and, for example, the rolling bearing 1 with the ratio exceeding the range of 3 ⁇ is judged to be abnormal or to be inspected. Also good.
  • the analysis unit 26 obtains the ratio of the contact time to the total time of the upper limit of the range of 3 ⁇ , determines that the ratio of the upper limit is exceeded as the judgment criterion, and transmits it to the diagnosis unit 19 as judgment criterion information as described above.
  • the diagnosis unit 19 receives the judgment criterion information, and judges whether the rolling bearing 1 is abnormal or needs to be inspected, based on the judgment criterion that the ratio of the contact time to the total time exceeds the upper limit.
  • Information on the rolling bearing 1 determined to be abnormal or to be inspected is displayed via the integrated train management device 21 or sent to the maintenance server 25 as diagnostic information.
  • the maintenance staff monitors the display and diagnostic information sent to the maintenance server 25, and actually inspects the rolling bearing 1 determined to be abnormal or to require inspection.
  • the ratio of the contact time to the total time was used as the evaluation criterion, but the above-mentioned contact ratio may also be used.
  • the results of actually inspecting the rolling bearing 1 After operating for a certain period of time, the results of actually inspecting the rolling bearing 1 based on the above diagnostic information, or the actual inspection of the rolling bearing 1 through regular inspections (including inspections for each travel distance).
  • the results may be aggregated to collect information on the rolling bearing 1 that actually needs to be replaced or treated, and the measurement information of the bearing 1 may be analyzed to obtain the judgment criteria.
  • the analysis unit 26 specifies the measurement information of the rolling bearing 1 that actually needs to be replaced or treated as a result of the actual inspection by inputting the identification information. is recorded in the maintenance server 25. After a certain period of time, the number of identified rolling bearings 1 increases. From the measurement information of the plurality of specified rolling bearings 1, the analysis unit 26 determines the rolling bearing 1 with the smallest contact time ratio or contact ratio to the total time, and the contact time ratio or contact ratio to the total time. obtain.
  • the analysis unit 26 stores the ratio of the contact time to the minimum total time obtained in this way or the rolling bearing 1 that exceeds the contact ratio as a judgment criterion to determine that the rolling bearing 1 is abnormal or requires inspection as judgment criterion information, The information is transmitted to the diagnostic unit 19 as described above.
  • the operation information of each train set 23 is collected and stored in the maintenance server 25 together with the measurement information, and the analysis unit 26 learns the operation information, the contact time ratio or contact ratio with respect to the total time, and the actual inspection results. It may be stored as data in the maintenance server 25 and machine-learned to create a learned model.
  • the train integrated management device 21 of each train set 23 transmits the measurement information of the rolling bearing 1
  • the current and brake information representing the acceleration and deceleration of the train set 23 at each time are sent as operation information to the maintenance server.
  • the maintenance server 25 may store the identification information, time, current, acceleration/deceleration of these train sets 23.
  • FIG. Data collected from a plurality of formations 23 in this manner can be used as the learning data.
  • the analysis unit 26 performs machine learning using the operation information, the contact time ratio or contact ratio to the total time, and the actual inspection results as learning data, and creates learned data.
  • the analysis unit 26 transmits the created trained model to the diagnosis unit 19 as described above.
  • the artbook model can be regarded as the criterion information.
  • Diagnosis unit 19 applies measurement information (including contact time or contact ratio) of each rolling bearing 1 measured by measurement unit 16 and information representing acceleration/deceleration from train integrated management device 21 to the received trained model. , to obtain a judgment result as to whether there is an abnormality or whether inspection is required. Further, the diagnosis unit 19 sends the judgment result to the train integrated management device 21, and displays the judgment result or transmits it to the maintenance server 25 as in other forms, so that the operator and maintenance personnel can monitor it. can be configured to
  • the train abnormality monitoring system 300 measures the approach time when the distance between the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 of the rolling bearing 1 of the railway vehicle 20 and the retainer 9 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value. and a diagnosis unit that receives the information of the proximity time ratio and judges an abnormality when the contact ratio exceeds the threshold.
  • the proximity time ratio is the ratio of the proximity time to the total measured time, or the ratio of the proximity time to the relative rotation time of the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 7 of the rolling bearing 1 .
  • the above concept was devised from the phenomenon that whirling occurs in the retainer 9 due to the force in the tangential direction of the circumference at the position where the rolling elements 8 escape from the load zone described in the above embodiment. If the state of the rolling bearing 1 is determined using the approach time ratio, which is a broader concept, the degree of wear of the retainer 9 can be determined.
  • the detection member 15 In the contact between the detection member 15 provided on the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 and the retainer 9, which is measured by the detection member 15 and the measurement unit 16, the detection member 15 is detected by the inner peripheral surface 2 of the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7. Since it protrudes from the outer peripheral surface 5 to the retainer 9 side, this protrusion amount corresponds to the predetermined threshold value. Therefore, the ratio of the contact time to the total measured time or the contact ratio measured by the detection member 15 and the measurement unit 16 is a concept included in the proximity time ratio. Therefore, it can be said that the higher-level concept includes all of the train abnormality monitoring system 300 described above.
  • a non-contact displacement gauge for example, a laser displacement gauge, an eddy current displacement gauge, etc.
  • the distance measured by multiple non-contact displacement gauges the number of displacement gauges that are below the threshold value is obtained and divided by the number of non-contact displacement gauges provided in the circumferential direction. It is also possible to obtain the contact ratio systematically.
  • the train anomaly monitoring system expressed as the above general concept can be realized by using the non-contact displacement gauge as described above or by using the detection member 15 described above.
  • a non-contact displacement gauge for example, a laser displacement gauge, an eddy current displacement gauge, etc.
  • the non-contact type displacement gauge is non-contact, it is necessary to replace contact with proximity and contact time with the number of locations of the non-contact displacement gauge where proximity detection is performed.
  • train abnormality monitoring system 300 of the present embodiment uses the abnormality detection device 100 and the abnormality diagnosis device 200 of the above embodiments, it has the following effects in addition to these effects.
  • a train abnormality monitoring system 300 is provided in a railway vehicle 20 having a plurality of rolling bearings 1, and detects an abnormality in a rolling bearing 1 judged to be abnormal by a diagnosis unit 19 of an abnormality diagnosis device 200. Since it is displayed on the integrated train management device 21 that monitors the operating state, it is possible to monitor the abnormality of the retainers 9 of the plurality of bearings provided in the railcar 20 (Fig. 12). Since the abnormality detection device 100 of the abnormality diagnosis device 200 has a simple structure and high strength, it has a large number of rolling bearings 1 and is suitable for a train abnormality monitoring system for railway vehicles that have been used for many years.
  • the train abnormality monitoring system 300 makes determination based on the contact ratio, which is the ratio of the contact time between the detection member 15 and the retainer 9 to the time for one relative rotation between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 7 from the measurement information. , the degree of wear of the retainer 9 can be grasped for each of a large number of rolling bearings 1 of the railway vehicle, so that the timing of maintenance, inspection, and replacement can be known, and the maintenance plan can be made efficiently.
  • the measurement information collected by the abnormality detection device 100 of the rolling bearings 1 of a plurality of formations 30, or the results of the judgment of abnormality or inspection required by the diagnosis unit 19 are aggregated in the maintenance server 25. Therefore, maintenance personnel can grasp the difference in detection sensitivity depending on the type of rolling bearing 1 and correct the inspection timing (FIG. 13).
  • the measurement information collected by the abnormality detection device 100 of the rolling bearing 1 of the plurality of formations 30, or the maintenance server 25 as a result of the judgment of abnormality or inspection required by the diagnosis unit 19 Since the diagnostic unit 19 is configured to be directly connected, it is easier to update an abnormality detection algorithm or the like by consolidating the diagnostic units on the ground side rather than directly mounting them on the vehicle.
  • the judgment criteria of the diagnosis unit 19 according to the shape of the detection member 15, etc. they can be changed collectively (FIG. 13).
  • the train abnormality monitoring system 300 of the present embodiment measures the close time when the distance between the outer ring 4 or the inner ring 7 of the rolling bearing 1 of the railway vehicle 20 and the retainer 9 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, and expresses the ratio of the close time. Since it is equipped with a proximity time measuring unit that outputs a proximity time ratio and a diagnosis unit that receives information on the proximity time ratio and determines an abnormality when the contact ratio exceeds a threshold value, the degree of wear of the retainer 9 can be measured in a large number of railway vehicles. Since each rolling bearing 1 can be grasped, the timing of maintenance, inspection, and replacement can be known, and maintenance planning can be performed, which is efficient.
  • Rolling bearing (cylindrical roller bearing) 2 inner peripheral surface of outer ring 4 outer ring 5 outer peripheral surface of inner ring 7 inner ring 8 rolling element 9 retainer 9a outer peripheral surface of retainer 10 annular portion 11 column portion 12 pocket portion 15 detection member 15a anomaly detection contact portion 15b anomaly detection contact portion bottom surface 16 measurement portion 17 electric wire 18 transmission portion?

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de détection d'anomalie de palier à roulement pour détecter une anomalie dans un palier à roulement (1), ledit dispositif de détection étant équipé d'un élément de détection (15) disposé le long de la surface circonférentielle interne d'une bague extérieure (4) ou le long de la surface circonférentielle externe d'une bague intérieure (7) de façon à être électriquement isolé par rapport à un élément de détection de premier côté sur un côté dans la direction d'axe de rotation de palier à roulement et à un élément de détection de second côté sur l'autre côté dans ladite direction, et une unité de mesure (16) pour fournir des informations de mesure obtenues en mesurant des propriétés électriques entre l'élément de détection de premier côté et l'élément de détection de second côté, les éléments de détection de premier côté et de second côté étant en contact avec la cage lorsque la cage rencontre un frottement.
PCT/JP2022/008626 2022-03-01 2022-03-01 Dispositif de détection d'anomalie de palier à roulement, dispositif de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement, système de surveillance d'anomalie de train et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement WO2023166567A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2023526566A JP7471523B2 (ja) 2022-03-01 2022-03-01 転がり軸受の異常検知装置、転がり軸受の異常診断装置、及び列車異常監視システム
PCT/JP2022/008626 WO2023166567A1 (fr) 2022-03-01 2022-03-01 Dispositif de détection d'anomalie de palier à roulement, dispositif de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement, système de surveillance d'anomalie de train et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement

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PCT/JP2022/008626 WO2023166567A1 (fr) 2022-03-01 2022-03-01 Dispositif de détection d'anomalie de palier à roulement, dispositif de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement, système de surveillance d'anomalie de train et procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie de palier à roulement

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005291287A (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd センサ付転がり軸受
JP2013155627A (ja) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-15 Ebara Corp 軸受の摩耗検出機構および該摩耗検出機構を備えた立軸ポンプ
WO2015141822A1 (fr) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Ntn株式会社 Palier à roulement
US20150345563A1 (en) * 2012-12-05 2015-12-03 Aktiebolaget Skf Bearing power generating configuration
JP2021139431A (ja) * 2020-03-05 2021-09-16 学校法人 関西大学 荷重検出機能付軸受装置

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6413642B2 (ja) 2013-11-05 2018-10-31 日本精工株式会社 軸受状態検知装置及び軸受状態検知方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005291287A (ja) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd センサ付転がり軸受
JP2013155627A (ja) * 2012-01-27 2013-08-15 Ebara Corp 軸受の摩耗検出機構および該摩耗検出機構を備えた立軸ポンプ
US20150345563A1 (en) * 2012-12-05 2015-12-03 Aktiebolaget Skf Bearing power generating configuration
WO2015141822A1 (fr) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 Ntn株式会社 Palier à roulement
JP2021139431A (ja) * 2020-03-05 2021-09-16 学校法人 関西大学 荷重検出機能付軸受装置

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