WO2023160985A1 - Dispositif de chauffage, élément chauffant, poste d'impression, poste de chauffage et système de production générative de composants - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage, élément chauffant, poste d'impression, poste de chauffage et système de production générative de composants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160985A1
WO2023160985A1 PCT/EP2023/052638 EP2023052638W WO2023160985A1 WO 2023160985 A1 WO2023160985 A1 WO 2023160985A1 EP 2023052638 W EP2023052638 W EP 2023052638W WO 2023160985 A1 WO2023160985 A1 WO 2023160985A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
station
receiving space
component
heating device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/052638
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manuel PÉREZ CASÁS
Original Assignee
Grunewald Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grunewald Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Grunewald Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2023160985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160985A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/02—Small extruding apparatus, e.g. handheld, toy or laboratory extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2565—Barrel parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2568—Inserts
    • B29C48/25684—Inserts for barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/265—Support structures or bases for apparatus, e.g. frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/802—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/53—Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C2035/0211—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould resistance heating

Definitions

  • Heating device Heating element, printing station, heating station, and system for the generative production of components
  • the present invention relates to a heating device for heating and/or tempering an elongate component, in particular an extrusion device for a system for the generative production of components, preferably for a system for the three-dimensional printing of components. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a heating element for such a heating device. In addition, the invention relates to a printing station and a heating station, as well as a system for the generative production of components.
  • components are made of plastic using 3D printing.
  • Devices for the defined dispensing of material for example extruding devices, which have a nozzle for the defined dispensing of material at a front end, are often used for this purpose.
  • extrusion devices usually have a tubular extruder housing with an extruder screw mounted rotatably in this housing.
  • a feed device into which, for example, starting material in granular form can be introduced. This is conveyed by the extruder screw in the direction of the front end and at the same time compressed and/or heated from the outside, so that it can exit through the nozzle in a viscous aggregate state.
  • an exact temperature control of an extrusion device is necessary. To do this, it may be necessary to maintain a specific temperature profile over the length of the extrusion device. At the same time, it may be necessary to use different devices for dispensing material one after the other during a printing process, in particular if the material or the dimensions of the emerging material are to be varied.
  • a heating device for heating and/or tempering an elongate component in particular an extrusion device for a system for the generative production of components, preferably for a system for the three-dimensional printing of components, which is simple easy to handle and at the same time enables precise temperature control.
  • this object is achieved in a heating device of the type mentioned above in that it has two heating jaws which are held on a base body and in particular can be moved towards and away from each other in a translatory manner between an open position in which the Heating jaws are far enough apart that a particularly elongate component can be placed between the heating jaws, and a closed position in which the heating jaws enclose a receiving space for the component that defines a longitudinal direction.
  • This configuration is based on the consideration that two heating jaws, in their closed position, can enclose and heat up an elongate component arranged between them. At the same time, the elongate component can easily be positioned between the two heating jaws.
  • both heating jaws can be movable relative to the base body, in particular symmetrically with respect to one another. This means that in the open position of the heating jaws a component, in particular an extrusion device, can be placed between them and both heating jaws are moved towards the component until they reach their closed position. At the same time, the component can be fixed by the heating jaws, so that a movement radially to the longitudinal direction can be ruled out.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved with a heating device, which encloses or can enclose a receiving space for a component that defines a longitudinal direction, in that a plurality of heating elements are provided, which are arranged in such a way that they are flat on one in the receiving space arranged in particular elongate component abut. Provision can thus be made for the heat to be transferred from the heating jaws, specifically the heating elements, to a component, in particular to an extrusion device, which is arranged in the receiving space, by means of surface contact.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a heating element for such a heating device.
  • several heating elements can be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction.
  • the heating elements can be arranged in pairs opposite one another in relation to the longitudinal direction.
  • the heating device comprises two heating jaws--each heating jaw can have a plurality of heating elements in the longitudinal direction. In this way it is achieved that heat is transferred from the heating jaws to the component over almost the entire length of a component, in particular an extrusion device, preferably over the area in which an extruder screw is located. This enables a constant temperature or a desired temperature profile to be achieved over the length of an attached extruder.
  • the heating elements of the two heating jaws are preferably arranged in pairs opposite one another. This means that each heating element of one heating jaw is opposite an element in the other heating jaw in the same position in the longitudinal direction.
  • the heating elements are mounted in heating element recesses of the heating device, in particular of heating jaws of the heating device, so that they can move into and out of the receiving space.
  • a movable mounting means that the heating elements can lie flat on the component, in particular on an extrusion device, and thus a favorable heat transfer can be achieved.
  • dimensional tolerances such as can occur on various extrusion devices, can be compensated for by such a movable bearing.
  • the heating element recesses can be designed as depressions in the heating jaws.
  • spring elements can be provided, which press the heating elements inwards into the receiving space, so that a flat contact of the heating elements with an extrusion device arranged in the receiving space is ensured.
  • the spring elements can be supported against the heating jaws, in particular the base of the heating element recesses, and against the heating elements, in particular a support body of the heating elements.
  • each heating element can have several heating segments which are rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation running in the longitudinal direction and which each have a concave heating surface pointing towards the receiving space, which can be brought flatly into contact with a component.
  • each heating element comprises a plurality of movable heating segments which, due to the movable mounting, can cling to the outer contour of an elongate component.
  • Each heating segment can be provided with an in particular electrically heatable heating cartridge, which is preferably inserted into a longitudinal bore of the respective heating segment.
  • Each heating segment can thus have a cavity in which a heating cartridge is inserted.
  • Electrically heatable heating cartridges are particularly easy to adjust in terms of their temperature and output and are therefore the preferred choice.
  • each heating element can have a front and a rear mounting plate, between which the heating segments are rotatably mounted.
  • each heating element can be fitted with a front and a rear projection in a corresponding intervene in the bearing bore of the front or rear bearing plate. The bearing hole can completely penetrate the bearing plate.
  • the rear bearing plate or the front bearing plate can adjoin a feed plate in which feed slots for electrical lines to the heating cartridges are provided.
  • the feed slots preferably extend away from the receiving space, starting from the axis of rotation of the respective heating segment. In this way, electrical lines that are required to power the cartridge heaters can be routed to the cartridge heaters in a simple manner.
  • the heating elements can be limited at the front by a base plate and at the rear by a cover plate.
  • the base plate or the cover plate can rest against the edges of the heating element cutouts, so that the heating elements are positioned in the longitudinal direction in the heating element cutouts.
  • the rear bearing plate and the front bearing plate can be fixed to a support body, in particular screwed to the support body, which is inserted into the heating element recess of the respective heating jaw.
  • the support body can extend in the transverse direction over the entire heating element and thus position the heating element in the heating element recess transverse to the longitudinal direction.
  • the supporting body can be arranged in the longitudinal direction between the front mounting plate and the rear mounting plate, with the front and the rear mounting plate preferably lying flat against the supporting body.
  • the supporting body Toward the receiving space, the supporting body can have a U-shaped recess in which the heating segments are arranged.
  • Springs can be arranged on the side of the support body facing away from the receiving space, via which the support body is supported against the heating element recess. As a result, a spring force is transferred to the heating segments via the support body and the bearing plates, so that their concave heating surface is pressed against a component placed in the receiving space in order to transfer the heat to it.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved in a heating device, which has a receiving space for a component that defines a longitudinal direction, in that at least one, in particular two, opposite cooling elements are arranged in a rear end region of the receiving space in such a way that they lie flat against a component arranged in the receiving space or can be brought into contact.
  • This configuration is based on the idea of using a cooling element in the rear end area of the receiving space to provide thermal decoupling between the area of an extrusion device placed in the receiving space, in which the material is conveyed and heated, and the rear end area, in which there may be coupling means, storage means for the extruder screw and sealants, sealing elements or the like.
  • a front area of the heater is used as a heating area and a rear area is used as a cooling area. This can prevent damage to components.
  • a cooling surface of the cooling element can be brought into direct contact with the component used.
  • the cooling element can have a flow channel for cooling water. If the heating device has two heating jaws which, as described above, can be moved between an open position and a closed position, then each heating jaw preferably has a cooling element recess into which a cooling element is inserted.
  • the heating device can be provided with temperature sensors which protrude into the receiving space.
  • a temperature sensor can be provided in each case in the longitudinal direction between two heating elements.
  • these temperature sensors can engage in corresponding recesses in the component, so that a direct contact measurement of the temperature of the component, in particular an extrusion device, is possible, resulting in the temperature of the material can be closed inside the extruder housing.
  • the temperature sensors can contain a resistance thermometer and/or a thermocouple.
  • fixing means can be provided at a front end of the heating jaws.
  • a fixing element can be arranged at the front end of each heating jaw, which has a semi-circular recess directed inwards towards the receiving space, in which a corresponding annular collar of a component, in particular an extrusion device, preferably a nozzle, can be engaged in order to insert a component into support their front end.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a printing station for a system for the generative production of components, in particular for a system for the three-dimensional printing of components, which is designed in such a way that an extrusion device for the defined dispensing of material can be detachably attached to it, wherein the printing station has a heating device as described above for tempering an attached extruding device.
  • the printing station can be moved relative to a component to be produced.
  • a component to be produced is produced on a stationary workpiece table and all relative movements are carried out by the printing station.
  • individual degrees of freedom of movement are carried out by a workpiece table or a workpiece holder and other degrees of freedom by the printing station.
  • only one workpiece table or one workpiece holder is moved relative to a stationary printing station.
  • a movable printing station can specifically be designed as a portal system. This means that the printing station can be moved along a number of translational axes.
  • the printing station can also have drive means for driving the extruder screw of an extrusion device, which preferably comprise an electric motor. Furthermore, the printing station can have coupling means in order to couple the drive means to the extruder screw of an extruding device in a torque-proof manner.
  • the printing station can comprise feed means, for example in the form of a feed funnel, which are designed and suitable for continuously feeding material for producing a component to an extrusion device attached to the printing station.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a heating station for a system for the generative production of components, in particular for a system for the three-dimensional printing of components, to which an extrusion device for the defined dispensing of material can be detachably attached, the heating station having a heating device as before described for heating an attached extrusion device.
  • Both the printing station and the heating station can have a holding device in order to detachably fix the rear end region, in particular the head of an extrusion device, to a base body.
  • This configuration is based on the idea of fixing an extrusion device with its rear end area to a base body of the printing station or the heating station.
  • the holding device is preferably arranged at the rear of the heating device.
  • a fixation at a front end area as is possible, for example, using appropriate fixation means of a heating device, a stable fixation is achieved which also withstands high mechanical stresses.
  • the holding device can have a base element, which has a central receiving recess, in which the head of an extrusion device can be positioned, and holding elements, which are arranged in the base element and between a release position, in which the holding elements are moved so far out of the receiving recess that a Extrusion device can be inserted into the receiving recess or removed from it, and a holding position in which the retaining elements protrude so far into the receiving recess that an extruding device inserted into the receiving recess is held in a non-positive and/or positive manner.
  • the base element is preferably on the Body of the printing station or the heating station or a storage station attached.
  • the holding elements are preferably designed as balls.
  • a total of four holding elements can be provided, two of which are arranged on opposite sides of the receiving recess.
  • two holding elements can be positively engaged on two opposite sides of the extruder head. In this way, a high level of stability against twisting of the extrusion device about its longitudinal axis is achieved, since a total of four holding elements can be brought into engagement.
  • the receiving recess formed on the base member may be open on two sides of the base member.
  • a head of an extrusion device can be introduced into the holding device in a simple manner.
  • the base element can be essentially cuboid and the receiving recess can be open to a front side and to an adjacent side, in particular to a side facing away from the respective base body.
  • the receiving recess can have a cuboid basic shape.
  • the base element can have a positioning recess for positioning an extrusion device inserted into the receiving recess.
  • This can be formed on a rear side of the receiving recess. Accordingly, the base surface of the receiving recess pointing to a front side can form a stop surface against which a corresponding end surface of an extrusion device, in particular an extruder head, can be brought into contact in order to rotate the extrusion device to be clearly positioned together with the holding elements in the longitudinal direction.
  • the positioning recess preferably penetrates the base element completely towards the rear.
  • the holding device can comprise a confirmation element which can be moved, in particular displaced, relative to the base element.
  • the actuating element can preferably be displaced transversely to the longitudinal direction relative to the base element.
  • a pneumatic cylinder can be provided in order to move the actuating element relative to the base element, with a housing of the pneumatic cylinder preferably being firmly connected to the base element.
  • the actuating element can be designed in several parts and can comprise a rear actuating yoke and a front support element on which the pneumatic cylinder acts.
  • the support element is preferably screwed to the actuating yoke.
  • the actuating element can be C-shaped, with the two C-legs encompassing the base element and on both C-legs an inwardly projecting link guide is formed, which cooperates with the holding elements in such a way that a movement of the actuating element relative to the Base element is converted into a movement of the holding elements in the direction of the release position or in the direction of the holding position.
  • a translational movement of the actuating element transverse to the longitudinal direction is converted into a translational movement of the holding elements in a different direction via such a link guide, which can be in direct contact with the holding elements, which are preferably spherical.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved by a system for the generative production of components, in particular for the three-dimensional printing of components, with a printing station as described above and at least one heating station as described above.
  • This embodiment is based on the idea of providing at least one heating station, in addition to a printing station, to which an extrusion device can be attached. This allows the extrusion device to be preheated outside of the printing station before it is attached to the printing station and used to create a component. In this way, lengthy heating-up at the printing station and thus a temporary system downtime when changing the extrusion device in the printing station can be avoided. Different extrusion devices can thus be used in a simple manner one after the other when producing a component, without long downtimes occurring when changing.
  • the system according to the invention can also have at least one, in particular several, extrusion devices which have an opening at a front end for the defined discharge of material and a feed device for feeding material into the extrusion device at a rear end area.
  • extrusion devices which have an opening at a front end for the defined discharge of material and a feed device for feeding material into the extrusion device at a rear end area.
  • This refinement is based on the consideration that the system contains a plurality of extrusion devices which are provided for different materials or for dispensing material in different dimensions.
  • one of these extruders can be attached to the printing station when it is used directly to create a component.
  • Each extrusion device preferably has a tubular, elongate extruder housing which defines a longitudinal axis, and an extruder screw which extends inside the extruder housing and is rotatably mounted in the extruder housing.
  • Such an extruder screw is used to convey material from a rear end of the extruder to the opening for the defined discharge of material.
  • the extruder screw can have a central shaft body and a spiral profile projecting outwards from this body.
  • the spiral profile can have a continuous gradient over its entire length. Alternatively, the gradient can vary over the length; in particular, sections with different gradients can be provided.
  • the diameter of the shaft body can also vary over the length, so that the distance between the shaft body and the inner wall of the extruder housing changes over the length. In particular, the distance can decrease towards the front, so that the conveyed material is compressed.
  • each extrusion device can have a nozzle at a front end of the extruder housing, the nozzle being in particular detachably fastened to the extruder housing, preferably screwed into it.
  • a nozzle which is arranged at a front end of the extruder housing, can thus form the opening for the defined discharge of material.
  • the nozzle can have an annular collar whose outside diameter is in particular larger than the outside diameter of the extruder housing. This configuration is based on the consideration that such an annular collar can engage in corresponding fixing means in order to stably support the extrusion device in its front end area.
  • the extruder housing can have an extruder head, in particular a cuboid, on the back. Such an extruder head can have or carry appropriate means for attachment to a heating station or to the pressure station. Furthermore, an extruder head can be used for gripping a transport unit, for example a robot.
  • Retaining recesses can be formed on the extruder head of the extrusion devices, in which the retaining elements of a retaining device can be brought into engagement in a non-positive and/or positive manner.
  • Two corresponding holding recesses are preferably formed on opposite sides of the extruder head.
  • retaining recesses are provided on the extruder head corresponding to the retaining elements of the retaining device, which are preferably designed as balls, so that a detachable connection can be established between the retaining device and the extrusion device by engaging the retaining elements in the retaining recesses.
  • the holding recesses can be designed to be open towards the front.
  • the retaining recesses may be formed by grooves extending rearwardly into the extruder head from a front end thereof and having a circular cross-section.
  • the grooves preferably do not run continuously, but instead end in an end section within the respective side surface of the extruder head. This can preferably have a hollow contour corresponding to a segment of a sphere.
  • the spherical end portion and the retaining elements formed as balls longitudinally position the head of the extruder and exert a rearward force on the extruder when the retaining elements are engaged.
  • the holding recesses are preferably designed in such a way that the extruder head is pressed with its rear end face against the rear face of the receiving recess of the base element of the holding device when the holding elements are engaged in the corresponding holding recesses. In this way, a flat contact and a stable positioning in the longitudinal direction of the extruder head in the base element are realized.
  • the extruder head can have a rear drive opening from which coupling means protrude in order to couple the extruder screw to a drive of the printing station in a rotationally fixed manner, the drive opening preferably being arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the extruder screw.
  • the extruder screw can also be connected directly to the coupling means in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the coupling means can be common coupling elements which can establish a connection to a drive of the printing station in a positive and/or non-positive manner. Specifically, it can be one half of a gear coupling or a claw coupling, which is preferably connected to the extruder screw in a torque-proof manner.
  • a positioning projection in particular a positioning projection with a substantially hexagonal base, can be formed on the rear of the extruder head.
  • a positioning projection can protrude from the rear end face of the extruder head and can be engaged in a corresponding recess of a holding device. In this way, the extrusion device can be clearly positioned on such a holding device on the extruder head side.
  • a positioning projection with an essentially hexagonal base area, in which case the corners can be rounded in particular NEN, and a complementarily formed recess on a holding device also prevents incorrect, ie twisted about the longitudinal axis attachment of the extrusion device.
  • the feed device of the extrusion device can have a feed housing which projects radially from the extruder housing in relation to the longitudinal axis and has a feed opening for material which is open in particular towards the rear.
  • a further housing on the extruder housing through which material can be fed from the rear.
  • the corresponding feed opening can be arranged coaxially to a corresponding opening of the printing station when the extrusion device is located at the printing station. In this way, material can be continuously fed to the extrusion device in an automated manner.
  • the feed housing can have a storage space which is connected to the interior of the extruder housing via a through-opening in order to continuously feed material into the interior of the extruder housing.
  • recesses can be formed in the extruder housing, into which temperature sensors of the heating device(s) can be engaged. These recesses are preferably designed as radial blind holes. In a specific embodiment, a plurality of recesses can be spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction. In a further embodiment of the system according to the invention, a transport device can be provided in order to transport an extrusion device between the printing station and a heating station. In other words, provision is made for automatically transporting an extrusion device with a corresponding transport device, for example if it is to be removed from a heating station preheated and attached to a printing station.
  • the transport device can be designed to move an extrusion device attached to it along a number of axes, in particular to move translationally in three directions and/or to rotate about an axis.
  • a transport device can, for example, comprise a multi-armed robot. This can be equipped with a corresponding position and/or displacement control.
  • the system can also include at least one storage station, at which extruders that are not needed at the moment and also do not have to be heated up, ie that have to be prepared for a printing process, can be stored.
  • a storage station may include a holding device as previously described to securely hold an extrusion device.
  • the storage station and/or the transport device can also have a holding device as described above.
  • control means can be provided in order to control the individual components of the system. These can include separate controls for the heating device, the transport device and the printing station, as well as possible storage stations. Furthermore, the respective components can be coupled via a common central system controller. In this way, the entire system can be monitored from a central control station. For example, the data provided by the temperature sensors of the heating devices can be monitored centrally and the corresponding heating power of the heating elements can be monitored if required be adjusted. This enables easy control of the entire system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system for three-dimensional printing of components according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an extrusion device of the system from FIG. 1 in a perspective view
  • FIG. 3 shows the extrusion device from FIG. 2 in a longitudinal sectional view
  • FIG. 4 shows the extrusion device from FIG. 2 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 5 shows the printing station of the system from FIG. 1 with an inserted extrusion device in a perspective view
  • FIG. 6 shows the printing station from FIG. 5 without the inserted extrusion device and with the heating jaws open, in a perspective view;
  • FIG. 7 shows the printing station from FIG. 5 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a heating station of the system from FIG. 1 with an inserted extrusion device
  • FIG. 9 shows the heating station from FIG. 8 with the heating jaws open;
  • FIG. 10 shows a perspective representation of a heating jaw of the heating device of the printing station or heating stations;
  • FIG. 11 shows the heating jaw from FIG. 10 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 12 shows the transport device of the system from FIG. 1 with an extrusion device held thereon, in a perspective representation
  • FIG. 13 shows the transport device from FIG. 12 in a different perspective illustration
  • FIG. 14 shows the transport device from FIG. 12 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 15 shows a storage station of the system from FIG. 1 in a perspective representation
  • FIG. 16 shows the storage station from FIG. 15 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 17 shows the printing station of the system in a detailed embodiment in a perspective view
  • FIG. 18 shows the heating jaw of the heating device of the printing station or the heating station in a detailed configuration in a perspective view
  • FIG. 19 shows the heating jaw from FIG. 18 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 20 shows the heating element of the heating device of the printing station or the heating station in a detailed configuration in a perspective view
  • FIG. 21 shows the heating element from FIG. 20 in an exploded view
  • FIG. 22 shows a holding device and an extrusion unit in a detailed configuration in a perspective representation
  • FIG. 23 shows the holding device from FIG. 22 in an exploded view.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a system for three-dimensional printing of components according to the present invention.
  • the system comprises a number of stations, at each of which an extruding device 1 can optionally be detachably removed.
  • the system includes a printing station 2, which is shown on the right in FIG.
  • the printing station 2 is used for the generative production of a component and is designed in such a way that, for the defined dispensing of material, an extrusion device 1 can be detachably attached to it in order to generatively produce a component.
  • the system comprises two heating stations 3 which are arranged separately from the printing station 2 and which are designed and suitable for receiving and preheating an extrusion device 1 when this is not attached to the printing station 2 .
  • an extrusion device 1 can be attached to the heating station 3 and preheated before it is attached to the printing station 2 in order to generate a component there.
  • the system also includes two storage stations 4, which are arranged to the left of the two heating stations 3 in FIG.
  • An extruder 1 can be detachably attached to each of the storage stations 4, in particular if the respective extruder 1 has a is not required for a long period of time.
  • the system includes a transport device 5, by means of which an extrusion device 1 can be transported between the various stations 2, 3, 4.
  • the system shown in FIG. 1 also includes a total of three extrusion devices 1 for the defined dispensing of material.
  • One of the three extrusion devices 1 is detachably attached to one of the two storage stations 1 and another extruder device 1 is detachably attached to a heating station 3 .
  • a third extrusion device 1 is detachably held on the transport device 5 .
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 The basic structure of the extrusion device 1 is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a detailed representation of an extrusion device can be found in FIG.
  • a nozzle 7 for dispensing material is screwed into the front end of the extruder housing 6 .
  • the extruder housing 6 has a cuboid extruder head 8 on the back.
  • the extruder device 1 also has a rotatably mounted extruder screw 9 extending inside the extruder housing 6 .
  • the extruder screw 9 has an inner shaft body 10 and a spiral profile 11 arranged on the outside of the shaft body 10.
  • the diameter of the shaft body 10 increases slightly from the rear end to the front end, whereas the depth of the spiral profile 11 decreases correspondingly.
  • the feed device comprises a feed housing 12 which protrudes radially from the extruder housing 6 with respect to the longitudinal axis X and has a feed opening 13 for material which is open to the rear.
  • the feed housing 12 forms a storage space 14 which is connected to the interior of the extruder housing 6 via a through-opening 15 so that material can be fed continuously into the interior of the extruder housing 6 .
  • the extruder screw 9 is rotatably mounted in the extruder head 8 .
  • the extruder head has a drive opening 16, from which one half 17a of a toothed coupling 17 protrudes. With this half of the gear coupling 17, the extruder screw 9 is rotatably connected.
  • a positioning projection 18 with a substantially hexagonal base area is provided on the rear of the extruder head 8 .
  • the corners of the hexagonal base are rounded.
  • the printing station 2 has a base body 19 which can be screwed laterally to a fixed bracket or to a portal system for moving the printing station 2 .
  • the printing station 2 comprises a receptacle for an extrusion device, as well as a heating device 20 for tempering an attached extrusion device 1 .
  • an extrusion device 1 is attached to the printing station 2.
  • the printing station 2 comprises feed means, presently in the form of a feed funnel 20, which is arranged coaxially to the feed opening 13, so that material can be fed continuously to the extrusion device 1.
  • drive means are provided in order to set the extruder screw 9 of an extruder device 1 used in a rotary motion.
  • a drive motor 21 is provided, which in the present case is designed as a speed-controlled electric motor.
  • the axis of rotation of the drive motor 21 runs parallel to the longitudinal axis X of an extrusion device 1 used.
  • the drive motor 21 is flanged to a drive housing 22 , which in turn is fastened to the base body 19 .
  • the second half of the toothed coupling 17 is rotatably mounted in the drive housing 22 coaxially to the extruder screw 9 of an extruder device 1 used.
  • the drive motor 21 and the second half 17b of the gear coupling 17 are coupled to one another in a torque-proof manner. This can be done, for example, via a belt drive or a gear train. In this way, the rotational movement of the drive motor 21 can be transmitted to the extruder screw 9 of an extruding device 1 used.
  • the basic structure of a heating station 3 is shown in FIGS.
  • the heating station 3 also has a base body 23 which can be screwed to a support or to a wall, for example.
  • the heating station 3 serves to receive and preheat an extruding device 1 as long as it is not attached to the printing station 2. In this way, a preheated extruder 1 can be removed from the heating station 3 and attached to the printing station 2 when needed there.
  • Both the printing station 2 and both heating stations 3 each have a heating device 24.
  • the heating devices 24 of the printing station 2 and the heating station 3 are of identical design in the present case.
  • Each heating device 24 comprises two heating jaws 25a, 25b, which are held on the respective base body 19 of the printing station 2 or the base body 23 of the respective heating stations 3.
  • the two heating jaws 25a, 25b can be moved towards and away from one another between an open position and a closed position. In the open position, as shown for example in FIG. 6 and in FIG. 9, the two heating jaws 25a, 25b are so far apart that an extrusion device 1 can be placed between the two heating jaws 25a, 25b. In their closed position, which is shown for example in FIG. 8 and FIG.
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b enclose a receiving space for an extrusion device 1. Specifically, the heating jaws 25a, 25b surround the extrusion device 1 in a middle section between the extruder head 8 or the feed housing 12 and the nozzle 7.
  • Each heating jaw 25a, 25b carries a plurality of heating elements 26 which are arranged in such a way that, when the heating jaws 25a, 25b are in the closed position, they lie flat against an extrusion device 1 arranged in the receiving space.
  • a plurality of heating elements 26 are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction in each heating jaw 25a, 25b.
  • the heating elements 26 of the two heating jaws 25a, 25b are arranged in pairs opposite one another.
  • the heating elements 26 are mounted in heating element recesses 27 of the heating jaws 25a, 25b so that they can move into and out of the receiving space.
  • a cooling element 28 is arranged in each case in a rear end region of the heating jaws 25a, 25b. This is designed in such a way that it lies flat against the extrusion device 1 when the heating jaws 25a, 25b are in the closed position. In this way, when an extrusion device 1 is used, thermal decoupling takes place between a front area of the extrusion device 1 and a rear end area, in which drive elements, seals, etc. can be located.
  • Fixing means are provided at a front end of the heating jaws 25a, 25b in order to fix a front end of an extrusion device 1 in the closed position of the heating jaws 25a, 25b.
  • a fixing element 29 is attached to the front end of each heating jaw 25a, 25b.
  • this has a semicircular recess 30 directed towards the receiving space.
  • the nozzle 7 of the extrusion device 1 has a corresponding annular collar 31 which can be engaged in the recess 30 in order to support an extrusion device 1 in its front end area.
  • the specific design of the heating jaws 25a, 25b and the heating elements 26 and the cooling element 28 can be seen in FIGS. 18 to 21.
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b have a heating jaw housing 32 which is designed as a sheet metal construction. A cover plate 33 is provided inward towards the receiving space.
  • the heating jaw housing 32 has a plurality of heating element recesses 27 in the longitudinal direction, in each of which a heating element 26 is inserted.
  • the design of the heating elements 26 is shown in detail.
  • Each heating element 26 has five heating segments 34 mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation running in the longitudinal direction. These each have a concave heating surface 35 pointing towards the receiving space, which can be brought into surface contact with an extruding device 1 .
  • Each heating segment 34 has a longitudinal bore 36 into which an electrically heatable cartridge heater 37 is inserted.
  • each heating element 26 has a front bearing plate 38 and a rear bearing plate 39, between which the heating segments 34 are rotatably mounted. Specifically, each heating element 34 engages with a front projection 40 and a rear projection 41 in the corresponding bearing bore 42 of the front and rear bearing plates 38, 39, respectively.
  • the rear storage plate 39 adjoins a feed plate 43 in which feed slots 44 for electrical lines 45 to the heating cartridges 37 run. Starting from the axis of rotation of the respective heating segment 34, the feed slots 44 extend away from the receiving space and parallel to one another.
  • Each heating element 26 is delimited at the front by a base plate 46 and at the rear by a cover plate 47 .
  • the storage plates 38, 39, the feed plate 43 and the base plate 46 and the cover plate 47 are screwed to a support body 48 with a substantially semi-circular through-hole 49. In this way, each heating element 26 forms a structural unit.
  • a cooling element 28 is provided on a rear end area of each of the heating jaws 25a, 25b and has a flow channel for cooling water.
  • a sensor element 51 for measuring a temperature is arranged between the cooling element 28 and the adjacent heating element 26 and between the heating elements 26 in each case.
  • This includes a temperature sensor 52 which protrudes into the receiving space in order to measure the temperature of an extrusion device 1 used.
  • recesses designed as radial blind bores 53 are provided in the extruder housing 6 of the extruding devices 1 to accommodate the respective temperature sensor 52 .
  • Both the printing station 2 and each heating station 3 and each storage station 4 also have a holding device 54 in order to fix the rear end region, in particular the head 8, of an extruding device 1 in a detachable manner.
  • the exact structure of the holding device 54 is shown in FIGS.
  • the holding device 54 has a stationary cuboid base element 55 which has a central receiving recess 56 for the extruder head 8 of an extruder device 1 .
  • the receiving recess 56 is open on two sides of the base member 55, in this case on a front side and on an adjacent side.
  • the holding device 54 has a total of four holding elements 57 designed as balls.
  • the holding elements 57 are each arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the receiving recess 56 in the base element 55 .
  • a total of four through-holes 58 are formed in the base element 55, which extend outwards from two sides of the receiving recess 56. Inwards, ie towards the receiving recess 56 , the through bores 58 are tapered in order to prevent the holding elements 57 embodied as balls from being able to exit completely into the receiving recess 56 .
  • the holding elements 57 are movable between a release position and a holding position. In their release position, the holding elements 57 are moved so far out of the receiving recess 56 that an extrusion device 1 can be inserted into the receiving recess 56 or removed from it. In the holding position, the holding elements 57 protrude so far into the receiving recess 56 that an extrusion device 1 inserted into this is held in a form-fitting manner.
  • holding recesses 59 are formed on the extruder head 8 of the extruding device 1 .
  • the holding elements 57 can be positively engaged in these.
  • the holding recesses 59 are open to the front and are formed by grooves 60, which have a cross section corresponding to a segment of a circle.
  • the grooves 60 extend rearward from a front end of the extruder head 8 . They end within the respective side surface of the extruder head 8 in an end section 61 which has a hollow contour corresponding to a segment of a sphere.
  • the base element 55 of the holding device 54 has a positioning recess 62 for positioning an extrusion device 1 inserted into the receiving recess 56 .
  • this is formed on the back of the receiving recess 56 and has an essentially hexagonal shape Cross-section and passes through the base member 55 to the rear completely.
  • the positioning projection 18 of the extruding device 1 can be inserted into this positioning recess 62 .
  • the holding device 54 also includes an actuating element 63 which, in the present case, is of multi-part design and includes a rear-side actuating yoke 64 and a front-side piece element 65 .
  • the actuating yoke 64 is screwed to the support element 65 .
  • the actuating member 63 is slidable relative to the base member 55 to move the holding members 57 between their release position and their holding position.
  • the holding device also includes a pneumatic cylinder 66 which is provided to move the actuating element 63 relative to the base element 55 .
  • the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 66 is firmly connected to the base element 63 , specifically to the support element 65 .
  • the actuating element 63 is C-shaped.
  • the two C-legs 67a, 67b embrace the base element 55.
  • a link guide 68 projecting inwards is formed on each of the two C-legs 67a, 67b. This engages in corresponding guide slots 69 which pass through the through bores 58 and into which the retaining elements 57 protrude.
  • the actuating element 63 cooperates with the holding elements 57 such that a movement of the actuating element 63 relative to the base element 55 is converted into a movement of the holding elements 57 in the direction of the release position or in the direction of the holding position.
  • the corresponding bevels 70 of the link guide 68 are - as can be seen in Figure 23 - shaped so that a movement of the actuating element 63 relative to the base element 55 to the bottom right in Figures 22 and 23, the Holding elements 57 are moved to their holding position, whereas movement to the top left in Figures 22 and 23 moves the holding elements 57 to their release positions.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 show the basic structure of the transport device 5.
  • the transport device 5 is used to transport an extrusion device 1 between the various stations 3, 4 and the printing station 2.
  • the transport device 5 is designed to move an extruding device 1 attached to it along a number of axes.
  • the different axes are represented by arrows in FIG.
  • an attached extrusion device 1 can be translated in all three directions; it is also provided to carry out a rotational movement about a longitudinal axis.
  • the transport device 5 has an upper gripping device 71 and a lower gripping device 72 which is attached to a base body 73 of the transport device 5.
  • the upper gripping device 71 grips the extruder device 1 on the feed housing 12
  • the lower gripping device 72 grips a middle region of the extruder housing 6 . In this way, safe transport can be realized.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 the basic structure of a storage station 4 is shown. This is used to safely store extrusion devices 1 that are not needed for a longer period of time.
  • the storage station 4 also has a base body 74 which can be screwed to the side of a support or a wall.
  • a Holding device 54 is arranged in the embodiment already described above, so that an extrusion device 1 that is not currently in use can be detachably attached to the storage station 4 .
  • the system also includes control means not shown in the figures. These can include, for example, a central system control and/or decentralized control units at the heating stations 3, the printing station 2 and the transport device 5.
  • the extruding device 1 to be newly attached to the printing station 2 can first be removed from the storage station 4 .
  • the transport device 5 is positioned in front of the storage station 4 so that the upper gripping device 71 and the lower gripping device 72 can grip the extrusion device 1 .
  • the holding device 54 of the storage station 4 can be controlled.
  • the actuating element 63 is moved relative to the base element 55 by means of the pneumatic cylinder 66, so that the holding elements 57 are moved from their holding position to their release position via the link guide 68. In this way the extrusion device 1 can be separated from the storage station 4 .
  • the transport device 5 is then positioned in front of a heating station 3 in such a way that the holding device 54 of the heating station 3 can grip the extrusion device 1 .
  • the extruder device 1 is positioned between the heating jaws 25a, 25b, which are in their open position, so that the positioning projection 18 of the extruder head 8 fits into the positioning recess 62 of the Base member 55 is engaged.
  • the actuating element 63 of the holding device 54 of the heating station 3 is then moved relative to the base element 55 so that the holding elements 57 designed as balls are moved into their holding position and thereby engage in the holding recesses 59 of the extrusion device 1.
  • the design of the end sections 61 of the grooves 60 applies a force in the rearward direction to the extruder device 1, so that the extruder head 8 is clamped between the holding elements 57 and the base of the receiving recess 56, which forms a stop surface for the extruder head 8.
  • the upper gripping device 71 and the lower gripping device 72 of the transport device 5 are disengaged from the extruding device 1 before the transport device 5 is moved away from the heating station 3 .
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b are then moved toward one another so that they assume their closed position.
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b completely enclose the extrusion device 1 in a central longitudinal area.
  • the heating segments 34 move about their respective axis of rotation in such a way that their heating surface 35 comes into flat contact with the extruder housing 6.
  • the springs 50 press the heating segments 34 against the extruder housing 6, so that a flat contact is ensured.
  • the extrusion device 1 can now be heated to a specific operating temperature between the two heating jaws 25a, 25b.
  • the heating cartridges 37 which are located in corresponding longitudinal bores 36 of the heating segments 34, are supplied with electrical power, so that their temperature increased.
  • the cooling element 28 arranged at the rear in the heating jaws is supplied with cooling water, so that damage to the rear end area of the extruder device 1 as a result of high temperatures can be ruled out, since thermal decoupling takes place.
  • the temperature sensors 52 automatically engage in the corresponding blind bores 53 in the extruder housing 6. This allows the temperature of the extruder housing 6 and thus indirectly the temperature inside the extruder housing 6 to be recorded.
  • the extruding device 1 can be removed from the heating station 3 and inserted into the printing station 2 .
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b are first moved from their closed position to their open position, so that the upper gripping device 71 and the lower gripping device 72 of the transport device 5 can grip the extrusion device 1.
  • the holding elements 57 of the holding device 54 of the heating station 3 are then brought into their release position, as has already been described in connection with the storage station 4 .
  • the transport device 5 with the extruder device 1 attached to it can now be moved in front of the printing station 2 .
  • Extruding device 1 can now be attached to printing station 2 in the same way as described above when attaching extruding device 1 to heating station 3 . Specifically, this means that first the holding elements 57 of the holding device 54 of the printing station 2 are brought into their holding position, so that the extruding device 1 is already held at the printing station 2 at its rear end. Then the upper gripping device 71 and the lower gripping device 72 of the transport device 5 are released before the transport device 5 is moved away from the printing station 2 .
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b of the heating device of the printing station 2 can be brought into their closed position, so that the heating surfaces 35 come into contact with the extruder housing 6 in the same manner as already described.
  • the heating jaws 25a, 25b reach their closed position, the annular collar 31 of the nozzle 7 simultaneously comes into engagement with recesses 30 of the two fixing elements 29. In this way, the extruding device 1 is also supported at the front end.
  • the heating elements 26, which are arranged in the heating jaws 25a, 25b of the printing station 2, regulate the temperature of the extrusion device 1, so that the corresponding operating temperature is maintained.
  • the cooling element 28 leads to a thermal decoupling of the rear end area of the extruder device 1.
  • the system according to the invention shown can significantly reduce downtimes when changing the extrusion device 1 in the printing station 2, since the extrusion device 1 is already heated to its operating temperature in the heating station 3 before it is attached to the printing station 2, so that time-consuming heating in the Printing station 2 is omitted.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage destiné à chauffer et/ou à réguler la température d'un composant allongé, en particulier d'un dispositif d'extrusion pour un système de production générative de composants, de préférence pour un système d'impression tridimensionnelle de composants, comprenant deux mâchoires de chauffage, qui sont maintenues sur un corps principal et qui peuvent en particulier être déplacées en translation l'une vers l'autre et à l'opposé l'une de l'autre entre une position ouverte, dans laquelle les mâchoires de chauffage sont suffisamment éloignées l'une de l'autre pour que le composant puisse être placé entre les mâchoires de chauffage, et une position fermée, dans laquelle les mâchoires de chauffage entourent une chambre de réception pour un composant, laquelle chambre de réception définit une direction longitudinale.
PCT/EP2023/052638 2022-02-25 2023-02-03 Dispositif de chauffage, élément chauffant, poste d'impression, poste de chauffage et système de production générative de composants WO2023160985A1 (fr)

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DE202022101081.1 2022-02-25
DE202022101081.1U DE202022101081U1 (de) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Heizvorrichtung, Heizelement, Druckstation, Heizstation, sowie System zum generativen Erzeugen von Bauteilen

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US20150158228A1 (en) * 2011-08-29 2015-06-11 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Laboratory extruder
CN207594328U (zh) * 2017-11-10 2018-07-10 广东白云学院 3d打印线材接合装置
CN208789096U (zh) * 2018-08-22 2019-04-26 南京滕达机械设备有限公司 3d打印挤出机
CN211416176U (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-09-04 上海蓝伯纺织新材料有限公司 拉丝机的加热装置
CN112477109A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-03-12 哈尔滨工业大学 一种熔融沉积3d打印机及其数字式线阵可调喷头装置
US20210213673A1 (en) * 2018-02-09 2021-07-15 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Bioprinter and methods of manufacturing an organomimetic device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN214629612U (zh) 2021-03-29 2021-11-09 南京威布三维科技有限公司 出料装置及基于其的3d打印设备

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150158228A1 (en) * 2011-08-29 2015-06-11 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Laboratory extruder
CN207594328U (zh) * 2017-11-10 2018-07-10 广东白云学院 3d打印线材接合装置
US20210213673A1 (en) * 2018-02-09 2021-07-15 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate Bioprinter and methods of manufacturing an organomimetic device
CN208789096U (zh) * 2018-08-22 2019-04-26 南京滕达机械设备有限公司 3d打印挤出机
CN211416176U (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-09-04 上海蓝伯纺织新材料有限公司 拉丝机的加热装置
CN112477109A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-03-12 哈尔滨工业大学 一种熔融沉积3d打印机及其数字式线阵可调喷头装置

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