WO2023159349A1 - 一种边坡固土装置及其应用和边坡固土方法 - Google Patents

一种边坡固土装置及其应用和边坡固土方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023159349A1
WO2023159349A1 PCT/CN2022/077272 CN2022077272W WO2023159349A1 WO 2023159349 A1 WO2023159349 A1 WO 2023159349A1 CN 2022077272 W CN2022077272 W CN 2022077272W WO 2023159349 A1 WO2023159349 A1 WO 2023159349A1
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Prior art keywords
slope
rod
slope soil
soil
face
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PCT/CN2022/077272
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张波
张麓尔
朱宇夫
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江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/077272 priority Critical patent/WO2023159349A1/zh
Publication of WO2023159349A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159349A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slope soil-fixing device and its application and a soil-fixing method for high and steep slopes.
  • the slope angle of the high and steep slope is greater than 45°. Under the influence of gravity, the water and soil on the surface of the slope are easy to slide, which will cause soil erosion on the slope. At present, the soil erosion of high and steep slopes is generally relieved by hanging nets on the slopes.
  • the base material sprayed in this way is easily washed away by the slope runoff formed by rainfall.
  • binders are added to the base material to enhance the bonding between the base material and the slope and the mesh body. The use of binders can hinder the growth of plants.
  • concrete enclosures are also used for slope soil consolidation, but concrete enclosures increase the load on the slope, which has the risk of local collapse and poor safety performance.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a slope soil consolidation device.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide an application of a slope soil stabilization device.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide a method for soil consolidation of slopes.
  • a slope soil stabilization device comprising a first surface, a second surface and an adjusting member, the first surface intersects with the second surface and is rotatably connected, the adjusting member is connected to the first surface and the The second surface is connected, and the length of the adjustment member connected between the first surface and the second surface can be shortened or extended to reduce the angle between the first surface and the second surface. Smaller or enlarged, the first surface, the second surface and the adjustment member enclose an accommodation area for accommodating the matrix.
  • the accommodation area is in the shape of a triangular prism.
  • the accommodation area is in the shape of an isosceles triangular prism.
  • the included angle between the first surface and the second surface is less than or equal to 90°.
  • the included angle between the first surface and the second surface is 45°-90°.
  • the first surface includes a first frame surrounded by a first rod, a second rod, a third rod and a fourth rod, and a first surface provided on the first frame
  • the second surface includes a second frame surrounded by the fifth rod, the sixth rod, the seventh rod and the first rod, and the second surface body arranged on the second frame.
  • the first rod, the second rod and the fifth rod are arranged in parallel.
  • the sixth rod and the seventh rod are respectively rotatably connected to the first rod so that the first surface and the second surface are rotatably connected.
  • the first surface body and the second surface body are non-woven fabrics.
  • the first frame and the second frame are made of carbon steel.
  • the second frame further includes a plurality of connecting rods arranged between the sixth rod and the seventh rod, and the plurality of connecting rods are fixedly connected to the fifth rod and connected to the fifth rod respectively.
  • the first rod is connected in rotation.
  • the second surface further includes a plurality of fixing sleeves arranged on the first rod and fixedly connected with the first rod, for restricting the sliding of the second surface relative to the first rod.
  • the length of the first surface is 0.8-1.2m, and the width of the first surface is 0.1-0.2m.
  • the length of the first surface is 0.9-1.1 m, and the width of the first surface is 0.13-0.18 m.
  • the length and width of the second surface are respectively equal to the length and width of the first surface.
  • the adjustment member has a length of 0.1-0.28m.
  • the adjustment member has a length of 0.15-0.25m.
  • the adjustment member has a length of 0.2-0.23m.
  • the adjusting member includes a chain formed by a plurality of ring links connected in series, and the adjusting member further includes an adjusting buckle connected with the chain and capable of adjusting the length of the chain.
  • the adjusting pieces are respectively connected to free edges of the first surface and the second surface.
  • the adjustment member is provided with a plurality of scale marks corresponding to the angle between the first surface and the second surface.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned slope soil consolidation device in soil consolidation of high and steep slopes.
  • the angle of the high and steep slope is greater than or equal to 45°.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a slope soil consolidation method, which includes sequentially fixing a plurality of slope soil consolidation devices along the downward direction of the slope top or along the upward direction of the slope bottom, and making the slope
  • the first surface of the slope soil-fixing device is attached to the slope surface, so that the opening formed by the intersection of the first surface and the second surface of the slope soil-fixing device faces upward;
  • the slope soil stabilization device is covered with the substrate.
  • the angle between the first surface and the second surface is adjusted so that the top of the first surface and the top of the second surface are on the same plane and parallel to the horizontal plane .
  • the interval between two adjacent slope soil stabilization devices in the vertical direction is 0.5-1.5m.
  • the interval between two adjacent slope soil stabilization devices in the vertical direction is 0.8-1.2m.
  • the interval between two adjacent slope soil stabilization devices in the vertical direction is 1-1.2m.
  • the plurality of slope soil stabilization devices are divided into multiple layers along the up and down direction of the slope; the plurality of slope soil stabilization devices on the same layer are aligned in the horizontal direction; , a plurality of slope soil-fixing devices in each layer are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the substrate includes water retaining agent, fertilizer and seeds.
  • the method of fixing the slope soil-fixing device to the slope surface includes drilling a hole on the slope surface, wrapping a fixing hook on the slope soil-fixing device, and using The free end of the fixing hook is inserted into the hole to fix the slope soil fixing device to the slope surface.
  • the slope is a high and steep slope with an angle greater than or equal to 45°.
  • the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the slope soil stabilization device in the present invention can form a horizontal surface on the slope, which can greatly reduce the loss of matrix, and can also effectively slow down the flow rate of rainwater runoff, reducing the erosion of rainwater on the slope surface, even if a small part of water and soil will be washed down , will also be deposited on the horizontal surface formed by the slope soil stabilization device and the slope during the sliding process, which can further reduce the water and soil loss of the slope;
  • the slope soil fixing device in the present invention is suitable for slopes with different angles, especially for high and steep slopes;
  • the slope soil consolidation method in the present invention does not need to add a binder to the substrate, and does not need to cover the substrate on the full slope surface. It only needs to fill the substrate in the slope soil consolidation device to achieve the effect of regreening the full slope surface. Better slope protection effect.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of a kind of slope soil fixing device in embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of slope soil-fixing device in embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of a kind of regulating member in embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of its angle adjustment when a kind of slope soil fixing device in embodiment 1 is used for slopes with different inclination angles;
  • Fig. 5 is the connection schematic diagram of the first bar and the sixth bar of a kind of slope soil fixing device in embodiment 1;
  • Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that a kind of slope soil consolidation device in embodiment 2 is used for slope soil consolidation
  • Fig. 7 is the water flow schematic diagram using the slope soil fixing device in embodiment 2;
  • Fig. 8 is the water flow schematic diagram of using slope hanging net to fix soil
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the plant growth structure using the slope soil stabilization device in Example 2.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • connection In the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “fixation” should be interpreted in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. Disassembled connection, or integration; it can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the mutual connection of two components role relationship. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to specific situations.
  • the first feature being "on” or “under” the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features being in direct contact with each other. Two features are not in direct contact but through another feature between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than that of the second feature.
  • the side slope protection is carried out by hanging nets on the side slopes, and the net body has the problem of partial fracture or overall slide during use, which is easy to collapse the slope and has potential safety hazards; the way of hanging nets on the side slopes is also not resistant to rain erosion, and the The soil and water are still easily washed away by slope runoff formed by rainfall.
  • a slope soil consolidation device A includes a first surface 1, a second surface 2 and an adjustment member 3, the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 intersect and are connected in rotation, and the adjustment member 3 is connected with the first surface 1 and the second surface 2, and the length of the adjustment part 3 connected between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 can be shortened or extended, so that the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 The included angle between them is reduced or expanded, and the first surface 1 , the second surface 2 and the adjusting member 3 are surrounded by an accommodating area for accommodating the matrix B.
  • the opening and closing of the slope soil stabilization device A and the adjustment of the angle can be realized.
  • the slope soil stabilization device A in the present invention is suitable for slopes with any angle, especially for high and steep slopes with a slope angle greater than or equal to 45°.
  • the first surface 1 includes a first frame surrounded by the first rod 11, the second rod 12, the third rod 13 and the fourth rod 14 and the first surface body 15 arranged on the first frame .
  • the material of the first frame is carbon steel, such as Q195 carbon steel, Q195 is common carbon steel, the price is cheap, and after naturally rusting on the slope C, it can provide the iron element needed for plant growth.
  • the first rod 11 , the second rod 12 , the third rod 13 and the fourth rod 14 are preferably solid round steel with the same diameter.
  • the first rod 11 , the second rod 12 , the third rod 13 and the fourth rod 14 are respectively fixedly connected end to end, and the way of fixed connection includes but not limited to welding.
  • the first frame is rectangular, with a length of 0.8-1.2m and a width of 0.1-0.2m.
  • the material of the first surface body 15 includes but not limited to non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric can be pasted on the first frame by using PA hot-melt adhesive film, so that the non-woven fabric is connected with the first frame.
  • the second surface 2 includes a second frame surrounded by the fifth rod 21, the sixth rod 22, the seventh rod 23 and the first rod 11 and the second surface body 25 arranged on the second frame .
  • the material of the second frame is identical with the first frame, and the fifth bar 21, the sixth bar 22 and the seventh bar 23 are solid round steels with the same diameter as the first bar 11.
  • the fifth rod 21, the sixth rod 22, the first rod 11 and the seventh rod 23 are respectively connected end to end, wherein, one end of the sixth rod 22 and the seventh rod 23 are respectively fixedly connected with the fifth rod 21, and the other ends are respectively It is rotatably connected with the first rod 11.
  • the way of rotational connection includes but not limited to shaft rotational connection, for example, one end of the sixth rod 22 and the seventh rod 23 connected to the first rod 11 is in the shape of a ring, and the first rod 11 is inserted into the ring and has a gap with the ring cooperate, so that the first rod 11 and the seventh rod 23 can rotate around the circumference of the first rod 11 .
  • the second frame also includes a plurality of connecting rods 24 arranged between the sixth rod 22 and the seventh rod 23, the plurality of connecting rods 24 are respectively fixedly connected with the fifth rod 21 and rotatably connected with the first rod 11, connected
  • the rod 24 is made of the same material and diameter as the sixth rod 22 , and the connecting method between the connecting rod 24 and the fifth rod 21 and the first rod 11 is also the same as that of the sixth rod 22 , the fifth rod 21 and the first rod 11 .
  • the second surface 2 further includes a plurality of fixing sleeves 26 arranged on the first rod 11 and fixedly connected with the first rod 11, the side of the sixth rod 22 facing the seventh rod 23, the second One side of the seventh bar 23 towards the sixth bar 22 and the two sides of the connection between each connecting bar 24 and the first bar 11 are respectively provided with fixed sleeves 26 for limiting the sixth bar 22, the seventh bar 23 and the connecting bar. 24 slides relative to the first rod 11.
  • the fixing sleeve 26 can be made of plastic material.
  • the second frame is rectangular, the length and width of the second frame are respectively equal to the length and width of the first frame, and the first bar 11 , the second bar 12 and the fifth bar 21 are arranged in parallel.
  • the material of the second surface body 25 is the same as that of the first surface body 15 , and it can also be bonded to the second frame by PA hot-melt adhesive film.
  • the second surface body 25 is integrally formed with the first surface body 15 .
  • the present invention there are multiple adjusting parts 3 and the two ends of the adjusting parts 3 are respectively connected to the first frame and the second frame, so as to realize the adjustment and fixation of the angle between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 .
  • the two adjusting members 3 are respectively arranged at both ends of the second rod 12 and the fifth rod 21 and connected with the second rod 12 and the fifth rod 21 .
  • the first surface 1 , the second surface 2 and the adjusting member 3 are surrounded to form an accommodating area for accommodating the matrix B, and the accommodating area is in the shape of a triangular prism. In some preferred embodiments, the accommodation area is in the shape of an isosceles triangular prism.
  • the length of the adjustment member 3 connected between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 can be shortened or extended, thereby reducing or expanding the angle between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2, the first surface
  • the angle between 1 and the second surface 2 is less than or equal to 90°. For high and steep slopes, the angle between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 is 45°-90°.
  • the adjustment member 3 includes a chain formed by a plurality of ring links 31 in series and an adjustment buckle (not shown) that can be used to adjust the length of the chain. It is fixedly connected with the fifth rod 21.
  • the adjustment buckle can be connected with the chain at one end and the other end is hook-shaped, and the length of the chain can be adjusted by making the hook-shaped end of the adjustment buckle catch the ring-shaped chain link 31 . For example, when the length of the chain needs to be shortened, the adjusting buckle is hooked to the chain link 31 away from it; Section 31 will do.
  • the chain is provided with a plurality of marks corresponding to the angle between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 .
  • a scale is marked on the chain link 31 .
  • the chain link 31 can be set in different colors, 45°, 60°, 70°, etc. correspond to different colors.
  • the operator only needs to hook the adjustment hook The chain link 31 of the color corresponding to the angle is sufficient.
  • slope soil stabilization device A The use method of slope soil stabilization device A is as follows:
  • the present invention forms a horizontal plane on the slope C by using the slope soil stabilization device A, compared with the slope C, the loss of matrix B is greatly reduced; in addition, the formation of the horizontal plane can effectively slow down the flow rate of rainwater runoff, thereby reducing the impact of rainwater on For the scouring of slope C, even if a small part of water and soil will be washed down, it will be deposited on the horizontal surface formed by slope soil stabilization device A and slope C during the process of sliding down, which can further reduce the water and soil loss of the slope.
  • a soil-fixing method for a high and steep slope comprising sequentially fixing a plurality of slope soil-fixing devices A along the downward direction of the slope top or along the upward direction of the slope bottom, and making the first surface of the slope soil-fixing device A 1 Fit the slope surface C, make the opening formed by the intersection of the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 of the slope soil-fixing device A face upward; then spray matrix B on the slope surface C and make the slope soil-fixing device A A spreads over the matrix B.
  • a plurality of side slope soil stabilization devices A are divided into multiple layers along the up and down direction of the slope surface C; a plurality of side slope soil stabilization devices A on the same layer are aligned in the horizontal direction; in two adjacent layers, each A plurality of slope soil stabilization devices A in a layer are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the interval between two adjacent slope soil-fixing devices A in the vertical direction is 0.5-1.5m
  • the interval between two adjacent slope soil-fixing devices A in the horizontal direction is 0.1-0.2m.
  • the method for fixing the slope soil fixing device A to the slope surface C includes drilling a hole on the slope surface C, wrapping the fixing hook on the first rod 11 and/or the second rod 12, so that the fixing hook The free end is inserted into the hole so that the side slope soil fixing device A and the slope C are fixed.
  • the holes are 5-15 cm deep and 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter.
  • the fixed hook can be a solid round steel of Q195 material, 10-20cm long, 0.6-0.8cm in diameter, and one end of the fixed hook is hook-shaped.
  • the method of using the fixed hook includes: drilling a hole on the slope C, inserting the bamboo chopsticks into the hole, and then nailing the end of the fixed hook away from the hook into the hole, the bamboo chopsticks will hold the fixed hook, and the bamboo chopsticks It will also expand after water, which has a better fastening effect.
  • the direction of the hook point of the fixed hook can be up or down. When distributed in the horizontal direction, they are arranged one by one upwards and one down. It is not easy to unhook, so that the soil fixing device A and the slope C can be fixed.
  • the angle between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 is adjusted so that the top of the first surface 1 and the top of the second surface 2 are located on the same plane and parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • substrate B includes water retaining agent, fertilizer and seeds.
  • the matrix B used in the present invention is lightweight, and the amount of spraying is small. It is not necessary to cover the matrix B with the full slope C, and only need to fill the matrix B in the spraying soil stabilization device to achieve the effect of regreening the full slope C.
  • a slope soil consolidation device A includes a first surface 1 , a second surface 2 and an adjusting member 3 .
  • the first surface 1 includes a first frame surrounded by a first rod 11 , a second rod 12 , a third rod 13 and a fourth rod 14 , and a first surface body 15 disposed on the first frame.
  • the first rod 11 , the second rod 12 , the third rod 13 and the fourth rod 14 are respectively welded end to end into a rectangular shape with a length of 1 m and a width of 0.15 m.
  • the second surface 2 includes a second frame surrounded by the fifth rod 21 , the sixth rod 22 , the seventh rod 23 and the first rod 11 , and a second surface body 25 disposed on the second frame.
  • the fifth rod 21 , the sixth rod 22 , the first rod 11 and the seventh rod 23 are respectively connected end to end to form a rectangle, and the length and width of the second frame are respectively equal to the length and width of the first frame.
  • One end of the sixth bar 22 and the seventh bar 23 is respectively fixed with the fifth bar 21 by welding, as shown in Figure 5 , the other end is circular and connected in rotation with the first bar 11, the sixth bar 22 and the The seven rods 23 can rotate around the circumference of the first rod 11 .
  • the second frame also includes three connecting rods 24 arranged between the sixth rod 22 and the seventh rod 23, one end of each connecting rod 24 is fixed with the fifth rod 21 by welding, and the other end is connected with the first rod 11. Rotation connection, the rotation connection mode is the same as the connection mode between the sixth rod 22 and the first rod 11 .
  • the second surface 2 also includes a plurality of plastic fixing sleeves 26 arranged on the first rod 11 and fixedly connected with the first rod 11, the sixth rod 22 faces the side of the seventh rod 23, and the seventh rod 23 faces the sixth rod 23.
  • One side of the rod 22 and both sides of the connection between each connecting rod 24 and the first rod 11 are respectively provided with fixed sleeves 26 for limiting the sixth rod 22, the seventh rod 23 and the connecting rod 24 relative to the first rod 11. slide.
  • the first surface body 15 and the second surface body 25 are non-woven fabrics, and the non-woven fabrics are pasted on the first frame and the second frame by PA hot-melt adhesive film to form the first surface body 15 and the second surface body 25.
  • the materials of the first frame and the second frame are both Q195 carbon steel, among them, the first rod 11, the second rod 12, the third rod 13, the fourth rod 14, the fifth rod 21, the sixth rod 22, and the seventh rod 23 and connecting rod 24 are the solid round steel that diameter is 6mm.
  • the adjustment member 3 includes a chain formed by a plurality of ring links 31 connected in series and an adjustment buckle that can be used to adjust the length of the chain.
  • the rod 21 is fixedly connected.
  • One end of the adjusting buckle is connected with the chain and the other end is hooked.
  • the scale corresponding to the angle between the first surface 1 and the second surface 2 is marked on the chain link 31.
  • slope soil stabilization device A in embodiment 1 to carry out slope soil consolidation, taking the slope of 60° as an example, as shown in Figure 6, the method for slope soil consolidation includes:
  • the slope soil consolidation devices A are aligned in the horizontal direction; in two adjacent layers, multiple slope soil consolidation devices A in each layer are arranged in a staggered manner; the distance between two adjacent slope soil consolidation devices A in the vertical direction is 1m, and the distance between two adjacent slope soil stabilization devices A in the horizontal direction is 0.1-0.2m;
  • slope soil stabilization devices A After all slope soil stabilization devices A are installed, matrix B is sprayed on slope C. It is not necessary to cover slope C completely. It is only necessary to fill the slope soil stabilization device A with matrix B. Among them, Substrate B is water retaining agent, fertilizer and plant seeds.
  • this embodiment can form undulating shapes on the slope C, which can effectively slow down the flow velocity of rainwater runoff. Compared with the method in the prior art (shown in Figure 8), it effectively reduces the impact of rainwater on the slope Washing of face C.
  • the spraying substrate B of this embodiment does not need to increase the binder, which reduces the influence of the binder on the growth of the plant, is more conducive to the growth of the plant, and can cultivate large shrubs and trees, so that the root system of the plant can Inserted into the interior of the slope, it can further improve the protection effect of the slope.
  • the matrix B used in this example is lightweight, and the amount of spraying is reduced. It is not necessary to cover the matrix B with the full slope C. It is only necessary to fill the matrix B in the slope soil consolidation device A to achieve the regreening of the full slope C. Effect.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种边坡固土装置及其应用和边坡固土的方法，边坡固土装置包括第一面、第二面以及调节件，第一面与第二面相交且相转动连接，调节件与第一面和第二面相连接，连接在第一面和第二面之间的调节件的长度能够缩短或伸长以对第一面和第二面之间的夹角进行减小或扩大，第一面、第二面以及调节件围设成用于容纳基质的容纳区。本发明中的边坡固土装置能够在边坡上形成水平面，可大大减少基质的流失，也可以有效减缓雨水径流的流速以及减少雨水对坡面的冲刷，即便少部分的水土会被冲刷下来，也会在下滑的过程中沉积在边坡固土装置与坡面形成的水平面上，可进一步减少边坡的水土流失；本发明中的边坡固土方法具有较佳的边坡的防护效果。

Description

一种边坡固土装置及其应用和边坡固土方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种边坡固土装置及其应用和高陡边坡的固土方法。
背景技术
高陡边坡的边坡角度大于45°，受重力影响，边坡表面的水土易滑落，从而会造成边坡的水土流失。目前，一般通过边坡挂网的方式缓解高陡边坡的水土流失，通过在边坡上锚固金属网、钢筋网或高强塑料三维网中的一种，再在其上喷射基质和植被种子，通过植被发达的根系和网体的紧密结合，从而达到边坡防护的目的。此种方式存在网体在使用中容易出现局部断裂或者整体下滑而造成塌坡的风险。另外，此种方式中喷播的基材极易被降雨形成的坡面径流冲刷掉，现有技术中会在基质中添加粘结剂以增强基质与边坡和网体的粘接，但是粘结剂的使用又会阻碍植物的生长。此外，现有技术中也有采用混凝土围槽的方式进行边坡固土，而混凝土围槽增加了坡面的载荷，具有局部坍塌的风险，安全性能差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种边坡固土装置。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种边坡固土装置的应用。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种边坡固土的方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种边坡固土装置，包括第一面、第二面以及调节件，所述第一面与所述第二面相交且相转动连接，所述调节件与所述第一面和所述第二面相连接，连接在所述第一面和所述第二面之间的调节件的长度能够缩短或伸长以对所述第一面和所述第二面之间的夹角进行减小或扩大，所述第一面、所述第二面以及所述调节件围设成用于容纳基质的容纳区。
优选地，所述容纳区为三棱柱形。
进一步优选地，所述容纳区为等腰三棱柱形。
优选地，所述第一面与所述第二面之间的夹角小于或者等于90°。
进一步优选地，所述第一面与所述第二面之间的夹角为45°～90°。
根据一些优选的实施方式，所述第一面包括由第一杆、第二杆、第三杆和第四杆围设而成的第一框架以及设于所述第一框架上的第一面本体；所述第二面包括由第五杆、第六杆、第七 杆和所述第一杆围设而成的第二框架以及设于所述第二框架上的第二面本体。
优选地，所述第一杆、所述第二杆以及所述第五杆相平行设置。
优选地，所述第六杆与所述第七杆分别与所述第一杆相转动连接以使所述第一面和所述第二面相转动连接。
优选地，所述第一面本体和所述第二面本体为无纺布。
优选地，所述第一框架和所述第二框架的材质为碳钢。
进一步优选地，所述第二框架还包括设置在所述第六杆和所述第七杆之间的多根连接杆，多根所述连接杆分别与所述第五杆相固定连接且与所述第一杆相转动连接。
优选地，所述第二面还包括设于所述第一杆且与所述第一杆相固定连接的多个固定套，用于限制所述第二面相对所述第一杆滑动。优选地，所述第一面的长为0.8～1.2m，所述第一面的宽为0.1～0.2m。
进一步优选地，所述第一面的长为0.9～1.1m，所述第一面的宽为0.13～0.18m。
优选地，所述第二面的长和宽分别与所述第一面的长和宽相等。
优选地，所述调节件的长度为0.1～0.28m。
进一步优选地，所述调节件的长度为0.15～0.25m。
更进一步优选地，所述调节件的长度为0.2～0.23m。
根据一些优选的实施方式，所述调节件包括多个环形链节串联而成的链条，所述调节件还包括与所述链条相连接且能够用于调节所述链条长度的调节扣。
优选地，所述调节件至少为两个，所述调节件分别与所述第一面和所述第二面的自由边相连接。
优选地，所述调节件上设有多个与所述第一面和所述第二面之间的夹角相对应的刻度标记。
本发明的第二个方面提供一种如上所述的边坡固土装置在高陡边坡固土中的应用。
优选地，所述高陡边坡的角度大于或者等于45°。
本发明的第三个方面提供一种边坡固土方法，其包括沿着坡顶向下方向或沿着坡底向上方向，依次固定多个所述边坡固土装置，并使所述边坡固土装置的第一面与坡面相贴合，使所述边坡固土装置的第一面和第二面相交形成的开口朝上；然后向所述坡面上喷播基质并使所述边坡固土装置铺满所述基质。
优选地，根据所述边坡的角度调节所述第一面和所述第二面的夹角以使所述第一面的顶端与所述第二面的顶端位于同一平面上且与水平面平行。
优选地，竖直方向上相邻的两个所述边坡固土装置的间隔为0.5～1.5m。
进一步优选地，竖直方向上相邻的两个所述边坡固土装置的间隔为0.8～1.2m。
更进一步优选地，竖直方向上相邻的两个所述边坡固土装置的间隔为1～1.2m。
优选地，多个所述边坡固土装置沿着所述坡面的上下方向分成多层；位于同一层上的多个所述边坡固土装置在水平方向上对齐；相邻两层中，每层中的多个所述边坡固土装置交错排列。
优选地，所述基质包括保水剂、肥料以及种子。
根据一些优选的实施方式，使所述边坡固土装置与所述坡面相固定的方式包括在所述坡面上钻孔，将固定钩缠绕在所述边坡固土装置上，并使所述固定钩的自由端插入所述孔中以使所述边坡固土装置与所述坡面相固定。
优选地，所述边坡为角度大于或者等于45°的高陡边坡。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：
本发明中的边坡固土装置能够在边坡上形成水平面，可大大减少基质的流失，也可以有效减缓雨水径流的流速，减少雨水对坡面的冲刷，即便少部分的水土会被冲刷下来，也会在下滑的过程中沉积在边坡固土装置与坡面形成的水平面上，可进一步减少边坡的水土流失；
本发明中的边坡固土装置适用于不同角度的边坡，尤其适用于高陡边坡；
本发明中的边坡固土方法无需在基质中增加粘结剂，无需满坡面覆盖基质，只需在边坡固土装置中填满基质，即可达到满坡面复绿的效果，具有较佳的边坡防护效果。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中的一种边坡固土装置的结构简图；
图2为实施例1中的一种边坡固土装置的结构示意图；
图3为实施例1中的一种调节件的结构简图；
图4为实施例1中的一种边坡固土装置用于不同倾斜角度的边坡时，其角度调节的示意图；
图5为实施例1中的一种边坡固土装置的第一杆与第六杆的连接示意图；
图6为实施例2中的一种边坡固土装置用于边坡固土的示意图；
图7为使用实施例2中的边坡固土装置的水流示意图；
图8为使用边坡挂网进行固土的水流示意图；
图9为使用实施例2中的边坡固土装置的植物生长结构示意图；
其中，1、第一面；11、第一杆；12、第二杆；13、第三杆；14、第四杆；15、第一面本体；2、第二面；21、第五杆；22、第六杆；23、第七杆；24、连接杆；25、第二面本体；26、 固定套；3、调节件；31、链节；A、边坡固土装置；B、基质；C、坡面。
具体实施方式
在下文中，仅简单地描述了某些示例性实施例。正如本领域技术人员可认识到的那样，在不脱离本发明实施例的精神或范围的情况下，可通过各种不同方式修改所描述的实施例。因此，附图和描述被认为本质上是示例性的而非限制性的。
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图1所示的方位或位置关系，即“第三杆13”所在侧为“左”，“第四杆14”所在侧为“右”仅是为了便于描述本发明实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，还可以是通信；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明实施例中的具体含义。
在本发明实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本发明实施例的不同结构。为了简化本发明实施例的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本发明实施例。此外，本发明实施例可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。但本发明并不限于以下实施例。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体使用的不同要求做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件为本行业中的常规条件。本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
受重力影响，边坡尤其是高陡边坡表面的水土易滑落、流失。一般通过边坡挂网的方式进行边坡防护，而网体在使用中存在局部断裂或者整体下滑的问题，易塌坡，存在安全隐患；边坡挂网的方式也不耐雨水冲刷，其上的水土还是容易被降雨形成的坡面径流冲刷掉。
基于现有技术的不足，本申请人经过长期实验及大量研究，得到本申请的方案，下面针对本方案作进一步阐述。
如图1和2所示，一种边坡固土装置A，其包括第一面1、第二面2以及调节件3，第一面1与第二面2相交且相转动连接，调节件3与第一面1和第二面2相连接，连接在第一面1和第二面2之间的调节件3的长度能够缩短或伸长，从而对第一面1和第二面2之间的夹角进行减小或扩大，第一面1、第二面2以及调节件3围设成用于容纳基质B的容纳区。通过使第一面1与第二面2相转动连接，可实现边坡固土装置A的开合以及角度的调节，当进行运输和存储时，使其处于合并状态，节约空间，方便运输；当需要使用时，使其处于打开状态，再根据坡面C的角度调节第一面1和第二面2之间的夹角大小以使其与坡面C的角度相适配。本发明中的边坡固土装置A适用于任意角度的边坡，尤其适用于边坡角度大于或者等于45°的高陡边坡。
根据本发明，第一面1包括由第一杆11、第二杆12、第三杆13和第四杆14围设而成的第一框架以及设于第一框架上的第一面本体15。
第一框架的材质为碳钢，例如Q195碳钢，Q195为普通的碳钢，价格便宜，在坡面C上自然生锈后，可提供植物生长所需的铁元素。第一杆11、第二杆12、第三杆13以及第四杆14优选为直径相同的实心圆钢，圆钢的直径为4～8mm，例如4mm、5mm、6mm、7mm、8mm等。第一杆11、第二杆12、第三杆13以及第四杆14分别首尾相固定连接，相固定连接的方式包括但不限于焊接。作为优选，第一框架为长方形，其长为0.8～1.2m，宽为0.1～0.2m。
第一面本体15的材质包括但不限于无纺布，使用PA热熔胶网膜可以将无纺布粘贴在第一框架上，从而使无纺布与第一框架相连接。
根据本发明，第二面2包括由第五杆21、第六杆22、第七杆23和第一杆11围设而成的第二框架以及设于第二框架上的第二面本体25。
第二框架的材质与第一框架相同，第五杆21、第六杆22以及第七杆23为与第一杆11直 径相同的实心圆钢。第五杆21、第六杆22、第一杆11以及第七杆23分别首尾相连接，其中，第六杆22和第七杆23的一端分别与第五杆21相固定连接，另一端分别与第一杆11相转动连接。转动连接的方式包括但不限于轴转动连接，例如，第六杆22和第七杆23与第一杆11相连接的一端为圆环状，第一杆11插入圆环中且与圆环间隙配合，从而使第一杆11和第七杆23能够绕着第一杆11的圆周进行转动。第二框架还包括设置在第六杆22和第七杆23之间的多根连接杆24，多根连接杆24分别与第五杆21相固定连接且与第一杆11相转动连接，连接杆24的材质以及直径与第六杆22相同，连接杆24与第五杆21和第一杆11的连接方式也与第六杆22与第五杆21和第一杆11的连接方式相同。
在一些优选的实施方式中，第二面2还包括设于第一杆11且与第一杆11相固定连接的多个固定套26，第六杆22朝向第七杆23的一侧、第七杆23朝向第六杆22的一侧以及每个连接杆24与第一杆11的连接处的两侧分别设有固定套26，用于限制第六杆22、第七杆23以及连接杆24相对第一杆11滑动。固定套26可以为塑料材质。
作为优选，第二框架为长方形，第二框架的长和宽分别和第一框架的长和宽相等，第一杆11、第二杆12以及第五杆21相平行设置。
第二面本体25的材质与第一面本体15的材质相同，其也可通过PA热熔胶网膜粘接在第二框架上。作为优选，第二面本体25与第一面本体15一体成型。
根据本发明，调节件3为多个且调节件3的两端分别与第一框架和第二框架相连接，从而实现第一面1和第二面2夹角的调节与固定。
作为优选，调节件3为两个，两个调节件3分别设于第二杆12和第五杆21的两端且与第二杆12和第五杆21相连接。第一面1、第二面2与调节件3围设成容纳基质B的容纳区，容纳区的形状为三棱柱形。在一些优选的实施方式中，容纳区为等腰三棱柱形。连接在第一面1和第二面2之间的调节件3的长度能够缩短或伸长，从而对第一面1和第二面2之间的夹角进行减小或扩大，第一面1和第二面2的夹角小于或者等于90°。对于高陡边坡，第一面1和第二面2的夹角为45°～90°。
如图3所示，调节件3包括多个环形链节31串联而成的链条以及能够用于调节链条长度的调节扣(图中未显示)，调节件3的两端分别于第二杆12和第五杆21相固定连接。调节扣可以为一端与链条相连接且另一端为钩状，通过使调节扣具有钩状的一端勾住环形的链节31可以调节链条的长短。例如，当需要缩短链条的长度时，使调节扣勾住远离它的链节31；当需要延长链条的长度时，不使用调节扣勾住链节31或者使调节扣勾住更靠近它的链节31即可。
在一些优选的实施方式中，链条上设有多个与第一面1和第二面2之间的夹角相对应的标记。例如，链节31上标注有刻度，当需要调节第一面1和第二面2的夹角，仅需将调节钩勾住对应刻度的链节31即可。再例如，链节31可以设置不同的颜色，45°、60°、70°等对应不同颜色，当需要调节第一面1和第二面2的夹角，操作人员只需将调节钩勾住与角度相对应的颜色的链节31即可。
边坡固土装置A的使用方法如下：
(1)打开边坡固土装置A，使第一面1与边坡的坡面C相贴合且使开口朝上；
(2)将边坡固土装置A与边坡相固定；
(3)对调节件3的长短进行调整，使第一面1的顶端与第二面2的顶端位于同一平面上且与水平面平行，从而在坡面C上形成水平面。
本发明通过使用边坡固土装置A在坡面C上形成水平面，相较于坡面C，基质B的流失大大减少；此外，水平面的形成可以有效减缓雨水径流的流速，从而能够减少雨水对坡面C的冲刷，即便少部分的水土会被冲刷下来，也会在下滑的过程中沉积在边坡固土装置A与坡面C形成的水平面上，可进一步减少边坡的水土流失。
一种高陡边坡的固土方法，包括沿着坡顶向下方向或沿着坡底向上方向，依次固定多个边坡固土装置A，并使边坡固土装置A的第一面1与坡面C相贴合，使边坡固土装置A的第一面1和第二面2相交形成的开口朝上；然后向坡面C上喷播基质B并使边坡固土装置A铺满所述基质B。
根据本发明，多个边坡固土装置A沿着坡面C的上下方向分成多层；位于同一层上的多个边坡固土装置A在水平方向上对齐；相邻两层中，每层中的多个边坡固土装置A交错排列。当水流从上一层两个边坡固土装置A之间向下流时，水流会掉落在下一层的边坡固土装置A上，从而能够有效减缓水流的流速，进而减少水流对坡面C的冲刷；另外，由水流带下的基质B等也会掉落在下层的边坡固土装置A上，从而进一步减少了基质B以及水土流失，能够实现边坡的防护。
进一步地，竖直方向上相邻的两个边坡固土装置A的间隔为0.5～1.5m，水平方向上相邻的两个边坡固土装置A的间隔为0.1～0.2m。
根据本发明，使边坡固土装置A与坡面C相固定的方式包括在坡面C上钻孔，将固定钩缠绕在第一杆11和/或第二杆12上，使固定钩的自由端插入孔中以使边坡固土装置A与坡面C相固定。
在一些实施方式中，孔深5～15cm，直径0.5～1.5cm。固定钩可以为Q195材质的实心圆钢，长10～20cm，直径为0.6～0.8cm，固定钩的一头为钩状。固定钩的使用方法包括：在坡面C上钻孔，将竹筷插入孔中，再把固定钩远离钩状的一头钉入孔中，竹筷会将固定钩抵住，另外，竹筷遇水后还会膨胀，起到更好的紧固作用。固定钩的钩尖方向可朝上也可朝下，在水平方向分布时，按序一个朝上一个朝下依次排列，第二杆12穿入固定钩的钩状部中间，这样第二杆12不容易脱钩，从而可使固土装置A与坡面C相固定。
根据本发明，调节第一面1和第二面2的夹角以使第一面1的顶端与第二面2的顶端位于同一平面上且与水平面平行。
根据本发明，基质B包括保水剂、肥料以及种子。本发明使用的基质B轻量化，且喷播量少，无需满坡面C覆盖基质B，只需在喷播固土装置中填满基质B，即可达到满坡面C复绿的效果。
实施例1
一种边坡固土装置A，包括第一面1、第二面2以及调节件3。
第一面1包括由第一杆11、第二杆12、第三杆13和第四杆14围设而成的第一框架以及设于第一框架上的第一面本体15。第一杆11、第二杆12、第三杆13以及第四杆14分别首尾焊接成长方形，长为1m，宽为0.15m。
第二面2包括由第五杆21、第六杆22、第七杆23和第一杆11围设而成的第二框架以及设于第二框架上的第二面本体25。第五杆21、第六杆22、第一杆11以及第七杆23分别首尾相连接成长方形，第二框架的长和宽分别与第一框架的长和宽相等。第六杆22和第七杆23的一端分别与第五杆21通过焊接相固定，如图5所示，另一端为圆环状且与第一杆11相转动连接，第六杆22和第七杆23能够绕着第一杆11的圆周进行转动。第二框架还包括设置在第六杆22和第七杆23之间的三根连接杆24，每个连接杆24的一端均与第五杆21通过焊接相固定，另一端与第一杆11相转动连接，转动连接的方式与第六杆22和第一杆11的连接方式相同。
第二面2还包括设于第一杆11且与第一杆11相固定连接的多个塑料的固定套26，第六杆22朝向第七杆23的一侧、第七杆23朝向第六杆22的一侧以及每个连接杆24与第一杆11的连接处的两侧分别设有固定套26，用于限制第六杆22、第七杆23以及连接杆24相对第一杆11滑动。
第一面本体15和第二面本体25均为无纺布，无纺布通过PA热熔胶网膜粘贴在第一框架 和第二框架上形成第一面本体15和第二面本体25。第一框架与第二框架的材质均为Q195碳钢，其中，第一杆11、第二杆12、第三杆13、第四杆14、第五杆21、第六杆22、第七杆23以及连接杆24均为直径为6mm的实心圆钢。
调节件3为两个且分别设有第一面1和第二面2的左右两端。调节件3包括多个环形链节31串联而成的链条以及能够用于调节链条长度的调节扣，链条的长度为0.212m，链条的一端与第二杆12相固定连接，另一端与第五杆21相固定连接。调节扣的一端与链条相连接且另一端为钩状。链节31上标注有与第一面1和第二面2的夹角相对应得刻度，当需要调节第一面1和第二面2的夹角，仅需将调节扣勾住对应刻度的链节31即可。
实施例2
使用实施例1中的边坡固土装置A进行边坡固土，以60°的边坡为例，如图6所示，边坡固土的方法包括：
(1)沿着坡顶向下方向，依次放置多个边坡固土装置A，多个边坡固土装置A沿着坡面C的上下方向分成多层；位于同一层上的多个边坡固土装置A在水平方向上对齐；相邻两层中，每层中的多个边坡固土装置A交错排列；竖直方向上相邻的两个边坡固土装置A的间距为1m，水平方向相邻的两个边坡固土装置A的间距为0.1—0.2m；
(2)使边坡固土装置A的第一面1与坡面C相贴合，并使边坡固土装置A的第一面1和第二面2相交形成的开口朝上，在第二杆12的两端以及中间位置，向坡面C钻孔，孔深10cm、孔的直径1cm，将竹筷插入孔中，再将固定钩(固定钩为Q195材质的实心小圆钢，长15cm，一头为圆弧形成钩状)远离钩状的一头钉入孔中，竹筷会将固定钩抵住，固定钩的另一头绕在第二杆12上，钩尖方向按序一个朝上一个朝下依次排列，从而使边坡固土装置A与坡面C相固定；
(3)使调节扣勾住刻有60°的链节31，从而将第一面1和第二面2的夹角调节为60°，链条与水平面平行且第一面1的顶端与第二面2的顶端位于同一平面上并与水平面平行；
(4)所有边坡固土装置A安装完成后，向坡面C上喷播基质B，无需满覆盖坡面C，只需使边坡固土装置A中铺满基质B即可，其中，基质B为保水剂、肥料和植物种子。
如图7所示，该实施例能够在坡面C上形成起伏的形状，可有效减缓雨水径流的流速，相较于现有技术中的方法(图8所示)，有效减少了雨水对坡面C的冲刷。
如图9所示，该实施例喷播基质B无需增加粘结剂，减少了粘结剂对植物生长的影响，更利于植物的生长，且能够培育大型灌木以及乔木，从而能够使植物的根系插入到边坡内部， 进而能进一步提升边坡的防护效果。
该实施例使用的基质B轻量化，且喷播量减少，无需满坡面C覆盖基质B，只需在边坡固土装置A中填满基质B，即可达到满坡面C复绿的效果。
以上对本发明做了详尽的描述，其目的在于让熟悉此领域技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明的精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种边坡固土装置，其特征在于，包括第一面(1)、第二面(2)以及调节件(3)，所述第一面(1)与所述第二面(2)相交且相转动连接，
    所述调节件(3)与所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)相连接，连接在所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)之间的调节件(3)的长度能够缩短或伸长以对所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)之间的夹角进行减小或扩大，
    所述第一面(1)、所述第二面(2)以及所述调节件(3)围设成用于容纳基质的容纳区。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的边坡固土装置，其特征在于，所述容纳区为三棱柱形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的边坡固土装置，其特征在于，所述容纳区为等腰三棱柱形。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的边坡固土装置，其特征在于，所述第一面(1)包括由第一杆(11)、第二杆(12)、第三杆(13)和第四杆(14)围设而成的第一框架以及设于所述第一框架上的第一面本体(15)；
    所述第二面(2)包括由第五杆(21)、第六杆(22)、第七杆(23)和所述第一杆(11)围设而成的第二框架以及设于所述第二框架上的第二面本体(25)；
    所述第一杆(11)、所述第二杆(12)以及所述第五杆(21)相平行设置，所述第六杆(22)与所述第七杆(23)分别与所述第一杆(11)相转动连接以使所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)相转动连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的边坡固土装置，其特征在于，所述第一面本体(15)和所述第二面本体(25)为无纺布；
    和/或，所述第二框架还包括设置在所述第六杆(22)和所述第七杆(23)之间的多根连接杆(24)，多根所述连接杆(24)分别与所述第五杆(21)相固定连接且与所述第一杆(11)相转动连接；
    和/或，所述第一框架和所述第二框架的材质为碳钢；
    和/或，所述第二面(2)还包括设于所述第一杆(11)且与所述第一杆(11)相固定连接的多个固定套(26)，用于限制所述第二面(2)相对所述第一杆(11)滑动。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的边坡固土装置，其特征在于，所述第一面(1)的长为0.8～1.2m，所述第一面(1)的宽为0.1～0.2m，所述第二面(2)的长和宽分别与所述第一面(1)的长和宽相等，所述调节件(3)的长度为0.1～0.28m。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的边坡固土装置，其特征在于，所述调节件(3)包括多个环形链节(31)串联而成的链条，所述调节件(3)还包括与所述链条相连接且能够用于调节所述链条长度的调节扣；
    和/或，所述调节件(3)至少为两个，所述调节件(3)分别与所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)的自由边相连接；
    和/或，所述调节件(3)上设有多个与所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)之间的夹角相对应的刻度标记。
  8. 一种如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的边坡固土装置在高陡边坡固土中的应用，其特征在于，所述高陡边坡的角度大于或者等于45°。
  9. 一种边坡固土方法，其特征在于，使用如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的边坡固土装置，所述固土方法包括：沿着坡顶向下方向或沿着坡底向上方向，依次固定多个所述边坡固土装置，并使所述边坡固土装置的第一面(1)与坡面相贴合，使所述边坡固土装置的第一面(1)和第二面(2)相交形成的开口朝上；然后向所述坡面上喷播基质并使所述边坡固土装置铺满所述基质。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的边坡固土方法，其特征在于，根据所述边坡的角度调节所述第一面(1)和所述第二面(2)的夹角以使所述第一面(1)的顶端与所述第二面(2)的顶端位于同一平面上且与水平面平行。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的边坡固土方法，其特征在于，竖直方向上相邻的两个所述边坡固土装置的间隔为0.5～1.5m；
    和/或，多个所述边坡固土装置沿着所述坡面的上下方向分成多层；位于同一层上的多个所述边坡固土装置在水平方向上对齐；相邻两层中，每层中的多个所述边坡固土装置交错排列；
    和/或，所述基质包括保水剂、肥料以及种子；
    和/或，使所述边坡固土装置与所述坡面相固定的方式包括在所述坡面上钻孔，将固定钩缠绕在所述边坡固土装置上，使所述固定钩的自由端插入所述孔中以使所述边坡固土装置与所述坡面相固定；
    和/或，所述边坡为角度大于或者等于45°的高陡边坡。
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