WO2023153396A1 - 下地基板及び単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板並びにそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
下地基板及び単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板並びにそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
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- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium peroxide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][O-] ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004050 hot filament vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000043 hydrogen iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
- C23C16/27—Diamond only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/04—Diamond
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
- H01L21/2003—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy characterised by the substrate
- H01L21/2015—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy characterised by the substrate the substrate being of crystalline semiconductor material, e.g. lattice adaptation, heteroepitaxy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a base substrate, a single crystal diamond laminated substrate, and manufacturing methods thereof.
- Diamond has a wide bandgap of 5.47 eV at room temperature and is known as a wide bandgap semiconductor.
- diamond has a very high dielectric breakdown electric field strength of 10 MV/cm and is capable of high voltage operation.
- diamond since it has the highest thermal conductivity among known substances, it is also excellent in heat dissipation.
- it is suitable as a high-speed device because of its extremely high carrier mobility and saturation drift velocity.
- diamond has the highest Johnson figure of merit, which indicates its performance as a high-frequency, high-power device, compared to semiconductors such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride, and is said to be the ultimate semiconductor.
- diamond is expected to be put to practical use as a semiconductor material and a material for electronic and magnetic devices, and the supply of large-area, high-quality diamond substrates is desired.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 1
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is applicable to electronic and magnetic devices, has a large area (large diameter), is highly crystalline, and has few hillocks, abnormally grown grains, dislocation defects, etc.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a base substrate and a method for manufacturing the same, which enable formation of a high-purity, low-stress, high-quality single-crystal diamond layer.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate having such a single-crystal diamond layer and a single-crystal diamond free-standing substrate.
- the present invention provides a single crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, and a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate for a single crystal diamond laminated substrate.
- a base substrate characterized by having an off-angle in the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> crystal axis direction.
- a base substrate With such a base substrate, an appropriate combination of the initial substrate, its off-angle, and the intermediate layer can be achieved.
- a base substrate can be formed on which a high-purity, low-stress, high-quality single-crystal diamond layer can be formed.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the initial substrate can be in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer has no off-angle, or has an off-angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ , or has a hexagonal crystal plane.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the intermediate layer can be in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°.
- the present invention provides a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate, characterized by having a single-crystal diamond layer on the intermediate layer of any one of the base substrates described above. .
- Such a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate is a high-quality single-crystal diamond with a large diameter, high crystallinity, few hillocks, abnormally grown particles, dislocation defects, etc., and high purity and low stress, suitable for electronic and magnetic devices. It can be a single crystal diamond laminated substrate having layers.
- the single-crystal diamond layer is preferably made of ⁇ 111 ⁇ crystals or ⁇ 001 ⁇ crystals.
- the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention can have a single-crystal diamond layer having these plane orientations on the underlying substrate.
- the present invention also provides a single crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ substrate, Single crystal Fe ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Fe ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Cu ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, and single crystal Cu ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate preparing an initial substrate, and at least one of a single-crystal Ir film, a single-crystal MgO film, a single-crystal yttria-stabilized zirconia film, a single-crystal SrTiO3 film, and a single-crystal Ru film on the initial substrate.
- an intermediate layer consisting of a single layer or a laminated film including None, or having an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ , or with the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ , the crystal axis ⁇ 10 -10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction, or has an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ , or hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ , a substrate having an off angle in either the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> direction of the crystal axis is used.
- a method for manufacturing a base substrate by appropriately combining the initial substrate, its off-angle, and the intermediate layer, it is possible to obtain a large diameter, high crystallinity, hillock, and abnormal growth suitable for electronic and magnetic devices. It is possible to produce a base substrate on which a high-purity, low-stress, high-quality single-crystal diamond layer can be formed with few particles, dislocation defects, and the like.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the initial substrate can be in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer has no off-angle, or has an off-angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ , or has a hexagonal crystal plane.
- the intermediate layer can be formed with the off-angle of the outermost surface of the intermediate layer in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate, comprising the steps of: preparing an underlying substrate manufactured by any of the above-described methods for manufacturing an underlying substrate; A single-crystal diamond comprising the steps of bias treatment for forming diamond nuclei, and growing the diamond nuclei formed on the intermediate layer to epitaxially grow to form a single-crystal diamond layer.
- a method for manufacturing a laminated substrate is provided.
- the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate manufactured in this manner is suitable for electronic and magnetic devices, and has a large diameter, high crystallinity, few hillocks, abnormally grown grains, and dislocation defects.
- a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate having a single-crystal diamond layer can be provided.
- the single-crystal diamond layer is preferably made of ⁇ 111 ⁇ crystals or ⁇ 001 ⁇ crystals.
- the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention can be manufactured having a single-crystal diamond layer having these plane orientations on the underlying substrate.
- the present invention is characterized in that only the single-crystal diamond layer is taken out from the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate manufactured by any of the single-crystal diamond-layered substrate manufacturing methods described above to manufacture a single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate.
- a method for manufacturing a single crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate is provided.
- an additional single-crystal diamond layer can be further formed on the single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure substrate obtained by the method for producing the single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure described above.
- the initial substrate, its off-angle, and the intermediate layer are appropriately combined to form a diamond layer. It is possible to obtain a laminated substrate having a high-purity, low-stress, high-quality single-crystal diamond layer with few hillocks, abnormally grown grains, dislocation defects, and the like. Further, according to the present invention, a single-crystal diamond free-standing substrate is manufactured by separating only the single-crystal diamond layer from such a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate, and an additional single-crystal diamond layer is added to the single-crystal diamond free-standing substrate. It is also possible to produce film-formed single-crystal diamond free-standing substrates.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate of the present invention
- 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for manufacturing a base substrate of the present invention
- FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of the steps of a method for producing a single-crystal diamond laminated substrate and a method for producing a single-crystal self-standing substrate according to the present invention
- 4 shows the results of the pole method of X-ray diffraction measurement in Example 1.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of the Out-of-plane method of X-ray diffraction measurement in Example 1.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of the pole method of X-ray diffraction measurement in Example 5.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of the Out-of-plane method of X-ray diffraction measurement in Example 5.
- FIG. 1 the underlying substrate and single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 the underlying substrate and single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 the underlying substrate and single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 the underlying substrate and single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- a base substrate 20 for a single crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention has an initial substrate 11 and an intermediate layer 21 on the initial substrate 11 .
- the initial substrate 11 is a single crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ substrate.
- ⁇ substrate, single crystal Fe ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Fe ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Cu ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, and single crystal Cu ⁇ 001 ⁇ be any of the substrates.
- the intermediate layer 21 on the initial substrate 11 a single layer containing at least one of a single crystal Ir film, a single crystal MgO film, a single crystal yttria-stabilized zirconia film, a single crystal SrTiO3 film and a single crystal Ru film.
- it has a layer made of a laminated film.
- the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 has no off-angle, or has an off-angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ .
- the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 of the present invention has a single-crystal diamond layer 31 on the intermediate layer 21 of the underlying substrate 20 shown in FIG.
- the intermediate layer 21 has a role of buffering the lattice mismatch between the initial substrate 11 and the single crystal diamond layer 31 .
- the initial substrate 11 is a single crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11- 20 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Fe ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Fe ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Cu ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, and single crystal Cu ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate. Since the initial substrate 11 (bulk substrate) has a small lattice mismatch with the material of the intermediate layer 21, the intermediate layer 21 can be easily epitaxially grown when the intermediate layer 21 is formed. In addition, large diameters exceeding 6 inches (150 mm) can be obtained, and the price can be relatively low.
- the initial substrate 11 is selected accordingly.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 is defined as above. That is, the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 can have no off-angle. Further, the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 can have an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ of the single crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate or the like. , the crystal axis ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ of the single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate or the like. can.
- the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 can have an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ of a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate or the like. It is also possible to have an off angle in the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> direction of the crystal axis with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ of an ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ substrate or the like. .
- the off-angle when the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 is given an off-angle is preferably in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°. If the off-angle is +0.5° or -0.5° or more, the effect of providing the off-angle can be sufficiently obtained, and if the off-angle is +15.0 or -15.0 or less, the high-quality effect can be sufficiently obtained. be done.
- the surface of the initial substrate 11 on which the intermediate layer is to be formed is preferably polished to Ra ⁇ 0.5 nm. As a result, a smooth intermediate layer with few defects can be formed.
- the intermediate layer 21 is, as described above, a single layer or a laminate including at least one of a single crystal Ir film, a single crystal MgO film, a single crystal yttria-stabilized zirconia film, a single crystal SrTiO3 film and a single crystal Ru film. shall consist of a membrane.
- the intermediate layer 21 can achieve good quality not only as a single layer of the above material, but also as a laminated structure.
- a laminated film can be designed to more appropriately buffer the lattice mismatch between the initial substrate 11 and the single-crystal diamond layer 31 .
- the order can be ⁇ Ir film/MgO film ⁇ initial substrate 11 side. The role of buffering matching can be given more effectively.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer 21 is preferably 5 nm or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. If the intermediate layer 21 has a thickness of 5 nm or more, it will not be removed in the subsequent diamond forming process. Moreover, if the thickness of the intermediate layer 21 is 50 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the intermediate layer 21 is sufficient. Further, if the thickness is 50 ⁇ m or less, the film forming time does not become long and the surface roughness can be kept low. Therefore, the polishing process is not necessarily required, and the film can be formed at low cost.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 can have no off-angle, but can also have an off-angle.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 may have an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ , and with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ . , the off-angle in the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction of the crystal axis.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 has an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ , or has a crystal It can also have an off angle in the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> direction.
- a high-quality single-crystal diamond layer with high crystallinity and few hillocks, abnormal growth, dislocation defects, etc. can be formed on the surface. can be obtained.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 is preferably in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°. If the off-angle is +0.5° or -0.5° or more, the effect of providing the off-angle can be sufficiently obtained, and if the off-angle is +15.0 or -15.0 or less, the high-quality effect can be sufficiently obtained. be done. Moreover, within these ranges, the deviation from the outermost crystal plane is not too large, so that it is easy to use for the intended purpose.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 A method of manufacturing the base substrate and the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described below.
- the method of manufacturing the base substrate of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5, and the method of manufacturing the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate 35 composed of the single-crystal diamond layer 31 shown in FIG. 3 and the single-crystal diamond layer 31 and the additional single-crystal diamond layer 41 shown in FIG.
- a crystalline diamond free-standing substrate 40 can be manufactured, the method of manufacture of which will also be described with reference to FIG.
- an initial substrate 11 is prepared (step S11).
- the initial substrate 11 is a single crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate, a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ substrate, a single Any of crystalline Fe ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Fe ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Ni ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate, single crystal Cu ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, and single crystal Cu ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate This substrate (bulk substrate) is used.
- the outermost surface of the initial substrate has no off-angle, or has an off-angle in the crystal axis ⁇ -1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ . or having an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ , or with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ , Either one having an off-angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction or one having an off-angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> direction with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ is used. .
- the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 is set at an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ . or an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ .
- the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 is inclined in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ .
- an off angle can be added to the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> direction with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ .
- the surface of the initial substrate 11 on which the intermediate layer 21 is to be formed is preferably polished to Ra ⁇ 0.5 nm. As a result, a smooth intermediate layer 21 with few defects can be formed.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the initial substrate 11 is preferably in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°. If the off-angle is +0.5° or -0.5° or more, the effect of providing the off-angle can be sufficiently obtained, and if the off-angle is +15.0 or -15.0 or less, the high-quality effect can be sufficiently obtained. be done. Moreover, within these ranges, the deviation from the outermost crystal plane is not too large, so that it is easy to use for the intended purpose.
- the intermediate layer 21 is formed on the initial substrate 11 .
- the intermediate layer 21 is composed of a single layer or laminated film including at least one of a single crystal Ir film, a single crystal MgO film, a single crystal yttria-stabilized zirconia film, a single crystal SrTiO3 film and a single crystal Ru film. (Step S12).
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 can have no off-angle, but can also have an off-angle.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 may have an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ , and with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ . , the off-angle in the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction of the crystal axis.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 has an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ , or has a crystal It can also have an off angle in the ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 0001> direction.
- a high-quality single-crystal diamond layer with high crystallinity and few hillocks, abnormal growth, dislocation defects, etc. can be formed on the surface. can be obtained.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 When it is desired to obtain the ⁇ 111 ⁇ crystal orientation as the single-crystal diamond layer 31, at least the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 also has the ⁇ 111 ⁇ crystal orientation in the case of the cubic crystal, and the ⁇ 0001 ⁇ crystal orientation in the case of the hexagonal crystal. Crystal orientation is preferable. On the other hand, if it is desired to obtain the ⁇ 001 ⁇ crystal orientation as the single-crystal diamond layer 31, at least the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 should also have the ⁇ 001 ⁇ crystal orientation in the case of the cubic crystal, and should be the ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ crystal orientation.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 is preferably in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°. If the off-angle is +0.5° or -0.5° or more, the effect of providing the off-angle can be sufficiently obtained, and if the off-angle is +15.0 or -15.0 or less, the high-quality effect can be sufficiently obtained. be done. Moreover, within these ranges, the deviation from the outermost crystal plane is not too large, so that it is easy to use for the intended purpose.
- the intermediate layer 21 can be formed by a sputtering method, an electron beam deposition method, an atomic layer deposition method, a molecular beam epitaxy method, a pulse laser deposition method, or the like.
- the metal and metal oxide single crystal Ir film, single crystal MgO film, single crystal yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) film, single crystal SrTiO3 film, and single crystal Ru film used in the present invention have a large diameter. , can be performed by mist CVD, which can be formed at low cost.
- a film forming apparatus using the mist CVD method includes a mist generating unit that generates mist by ultrasonically vibrating a raw material solution containing atoms of a material to be formed into a film, and a carrier gas supply unit that supplies a carrier gas that conveys the mist. , a chamber in which the substrate is set and the film is formed, and an exhaust system for discharging unnecessary raw materials.
- the substrate is heated on a heater stage and rotated as necessary to form a highly crystalline and uniform film.
- a highly crystalline and uniform film can be formed.
- the material contained in the solution is not particularly limited, and may be an inorganic material or an organic material.
- the raw material solution is not particularly limited as long as the metal atoms can be misted, but as the raw material solution, a metal in the form of a complex or a salt dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent or water can be preferably used.
- forms of the complex include acetylacetonate complexes, carbonyl complexes, ammine complexes, hydride complexes, and the like.
- Salt forms include, for example, metal chloride salts, metal bromide salts, and metal iodide salts.
- a solution obtained by dissolving the above metal in hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen iodide, or the like can also be used as an aqueous salt solution.
- the raw material solution may be mixed with additives such as hydrohalic acid and oxidizing agents.
- the hydrohalic acid includes, for example, hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid, etc. Among them, hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid are preferable.
- oxidizing agents include peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, barium peroxide and benzoyl peroxide, hypochlorous acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, ozone water, organic peroxides such as peracetic acid and nitrobenzene. things, etc.
- a magnesium chloride aqueous solution can also be used as the raw material solution for forming MgO.
- the film by heating the substrate temperature in the range of 200 to 900°C.
- the intermediate layer 21 can achieve good quality not only with a single layer of the above material, but also with a laminated structure.
- the order can be ⁇ Ir film/MgO film ⁇ initial substrate 11 side.
- the role of buffering matching can be given more effectively.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer 21 is preferably 5 nm or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. If the intermediate layer 21 has a thickness of 5 nm or more, it will not be removed in the subsequent diamond forming process. Moreover, if the thickness of the intermediate layer 21 is 50 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the intermediate layer 21 is sufficient. Further, if the thickness is 50 ⁇ m or less, the film forming time does not become long and the surface roughness can be kept low. Therefore, the polishing process is not necessarily required, and the film can be formed at low cost.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 has an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 1-12> direction with respect to the cubic crystal plane orientation ⁇ 111 ⁇ , or the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 0001 ⁇ with an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 10-10> or ⁇ 11-20> direction, with respect to the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ , ⁇ 10-10> or An off angle can be added to the ⁇ 0001> direction.
- an off angle can be added to the ⁇ 0001> direction.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 is preferably in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°. If the off-angle is +0.5° or -0.5° or more, the effect of providing the off-angle can be sufficiently obtained, and if the off-angle is +15.0 or -15.0 or less, the high-quality effect can be sufficiently obtained. be done. Moreover, within these ranges, the deviation from the ⁇ 111 ⁇ crystal plane of the outermost surface is not too large, so that it is easy to use for the intended purpose.
- the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 has an off angle in the crystal axis ⁇ 110> direction in the cubic system with respect to the crystal plane orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ , and the hexagonal crystal plane orientation ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ .
- the diamond formed on the surface is a high-quality single crystal diamond with high crystallinity and few hillocks, abnormal growth, dislocation defects, etc. ⁇ 001 ⁇ layer.
- the off angle of the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 is preferably in the range of +0.5 to +15.0° or -0.5 to -15.0°. If the off-angle is +0.5° or -0.5° or more, the effect of providing the off-angle can be sufficiently obtained, and if the off-angle is +15.0 or -15.0 or less, the high-quality effect can be sufficiently obtained. be done. Moreover, within these ranges, the displacement from the ⁇ 001 ⁇ crystal plane of the outermost surface is not too large, so that it is easy to use for the intended purpose.
- the base substrate 20 (see FIG. 1) of the present invention can be manufactured by the steps S11 and S12 in FIG. 5 above.
- the present invention further comprises a step of preparing the base substrate 20 manufactured by the method for manufacturing the base substrate 20 as described above, and a bias treatment for forming diamond nuclei on the surface of the intermediate layer 21 of the base substrate 20. and a step of growing the diamond nuclei formed on the intermediate layer 21 for epitaxial growth to form a single crystal diamond layer 31.
- S11 and S12 in FIG. 6 are the same steps as S11 and S12 in FIG.
- steps S11 and S12 the underlying substrate 20 is manufactured.
- the single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 is manufactured by performing subsequent steps S13 and S14 shown in FIG.
- step S13 The surface of the intermediate layer 21 of the underlying substrate 20 is biased to form diamond nuclei (step S13).
- the base substrate 20 on which the intermediate layer 21 has been formed is set in a decompression chamber, and the pressure is reduced by a vacuum pump. Then, diamond nuclei whose crystal orientation is aligned with the outermost surface of the intermediate layer 21 are formed by DC discharge.
- the discharge gas is preferably hydrogen-diluted methane.
- step S14 Single crystal diamond layer step: S14 in FIG. 6
- the diamond nuclei formed on the intermediate layer 21 are grown for epitaxial growth to form the single-crystal diamond layer 31 (step S14). That is, a single crystal layer is formed on the underlying substrate 20 that has undergone bias processing.
- This step can be performed by microwave plasma CVD, DC plasma CVD, hot filament CVD, arc discharge CVD, etc., which are vapor phase synthesis (CVD) methods.
- the single-crystal diamond layer 31 can be composed of a single layer of undoped or doped diamond, or a laminated structure of undoped and doped diamond.
- the single crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 (see FIG. 2) of the present invention can be manufactured by the steps S13 and S14 after the steps S11 and S12.
- either or both of the initial substrate 11 and the intermediate layer 21 have a ⁇ 111 ⁇ crystal orientation in the case of a cubic crystal and a ⁇ 0001 ⁇ crystal orientation in the case of a hexagonal crystal.
- ⁇ 111 ⁇ single crystal diamond can be obtained by setting the crystal orientation to ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ .
- single-crystal diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ can be used as the initial substrate 11 such as a single-crystal Si ⁇ 111 ⁇ substrate, a single-crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 0001 ⁇ substrate, or a single-crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ substrate. can be formed in any case.
- either or both of the initial substrate 11 and the intermediate layer 21 are ⁇ 001 ⁇ in the case of a cubic crystal, and ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ in the case of a hexagonal crystal.
- a ⁇ 001 ⁇ single crystal diamond can be obtained by setting the crystal orientation.
- single crystal diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ can be formed by using either a single crystal Si ⁇ 001 ⁇ substrate or a single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ substrate as the initial substrate 11 .
- the single crystal diamond layer 31 is taken out from the single crystal diamond layered substrate 30 manufactured through steps S11 to S14 by the above method, and a single crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate 35 (see FIG. 3) is manufactured.
- a method of making a diamond free-standing substrate is also provided. A more detailed description will be given below.
- step S15 Single-crystal diamond extracting step: S15 in FIG. 6
- step S14 After the single-crystal diamond layer 31 formation step (step S14), only the single-crystal diamond layer 31 is taken out to form a single-crystal diamond freestanding structure substrate 35 (step S15).
- a chemical etching method, a laser irradiation method, a polishing method, or the like can be used to form such a self-supporting substrate.
- a single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure substrate composed only of a single-crystal diamond layer may be more convenient because there is no influence from the intermediate layer and below.
- step S16 Single crystal diamond additional film forming step: S16 in FIG. 6
- the single crystal diamond free-standing substrate 40 by further forming an additional single crystal diamond layer 41 on the single crystal diamond free-standing substrate 35 obtained up to step S15 (step S16), the single crystal diamond free-standing substrate 40 (see FIG. 4) is formed. ) can be manufactured. That is, it is possible to additionally form a film on the single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate 35 consisting of only the single-crystal diamond layer 31 shown in FIG. Since the film is formed from a single material, there is no damage and it is effective in reducing stress. This step is also advantageous for thickening the diamond film.
- the additional single-crystal diamond layer 41 formed in this step may be undoped, doped, or a combination thereof.
- the surface of the underlying single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure substrate 35 is polished to obtain a smooth crystal with few defects.
- the base substrate, single-crystal diamond laminated substrate, and single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure substrate of the present invention described above, large-diameter, highly crystalline hillocks, abnormally grown particles, It is possible to provide a low-cost method for manufacturing a laminated substrate having a high-quality single-crystal diamond layer with few dislocation defects, etc., high purity and low stress.
- Example 1 A single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer (with no off-angle) having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m and having a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 0001 ⁇ and having both sides polished was used as the initial substrate 11 (see the initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1). It was prepared (step S11 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 111 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 850° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 14 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the crystallinity was measured from the top surface of the film by the pole point method and the out-of-plane method.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- the pole point method the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane diffraction peak was detected when the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane was oriented in the direction normal to the main surface of the substrate, while the ⁇ 001 ⁇ plane was oriented in the direction normal to the main surface of the substrate. No ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane diffraction peak was detected.
- the results of the pole method are shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows the results of the Out-of-plane method.
- the rocking curve half width of the Ir(111) peak was 0.16°.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 111 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 150 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer as the initial substrate 11 was etched with hot phosphoric acid. Further, the Ir film as the intermediate layer 21 was removed by dry etching. Thus, a single-crystal diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ self-supporting substrate 35 was obtained (step S15 in FIG. 6).
- a single-crystal diamond layer (additional single-crystal diamond layer 41) was heteroepitaxially grown again by microwave CVD (step S16 in FIG. 6).
- the formation of this additional single-crystal diamond layer 41 was carried out under the same conditions as in the formation of the undoped diamond film described above.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer was also a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate 40 composed of the single-crystal diamond layer 31 and the additional single-crystal diamond layer 41 is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure substrate 40 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 400 ⁇ m.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ laminated substrate and the self-supporting substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 2 A double-sided polished single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 0001 ⁇ and an off angle of 4° in the ⁇ 11-20> direction was used as the initial substrate 11 (in FIG. 1). (refer to the initial substrate 11 of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 111 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 850° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 14 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 111 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- direct current was applied to form the film for 80 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was also a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the film thickness when the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 100 ⁇ m. As compared with Example 1, the film was finished with a continuous film and a smooth surface even though it was thin. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 3 A double-sided polished single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m, with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 0001 ⁇ and an off angle of 4° in the ⁇ 10-10> direction was prepared as an initial substrate 11 (Fig. 1 (refer to the initial substrate 11 in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 111 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 850° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 14 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 111 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- direct current was applied to form the film for 80 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was also a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the film thickness when the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 100 ⁇ m. As compared with Example 1, the film was finished with a continuous film and a smooth surface even though it was thin. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 4 A double-side-polished single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer (with no off-angle) having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ was prepared as an initial substrate 11 (see initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1). ) (Step S11 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 111 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 850° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 10 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- the base substrate 20 was subjected to pretreatment (bias treatment) for diamond nucleation.
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 111 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD.
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- direct current was applied to form the film for 80 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 100 ⁇ m.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 5 A double-side-polished single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer (with no off-angle) having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ was prepared as an initial substrate 11 (see initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1). ) (Step S11 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 001 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 14 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the crystallinity was measured from the top surface of the film by the pole point method and the out-of-plane method.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- the pole point method the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane diffraction peak was detected when the ⁇ 001 ⁇ plane was oriented in the direction normal to the substrate main surface, while the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane was oriented in the direction normal to the substrate main surface.
- the ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane diffraction peak at the time was hardly detected.
- the results of the pole method are shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows the results of the Out-of-plane method.
- the rocking curve half width of the Ir(200) peak was 0.21°.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD.
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 100 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a single-crystal diamond layer (additional single-crystal diamond layer 41) was heteroepitaxially grown again by microwave CVD (step S16 in FIG. 6).
- the formation of this additional single-crystal diamond layer 41 was carried out under the same conditions as in the formation of the undoped diamond film described above.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was also a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the single-crystal diamond free-standing structure substrate 40 composed of the single-crystal diamond layer 31 and the additional single-crystal diamond layer 41 is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut out from this single-crystal diamond self-supporting structure substrate 40 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 400 ⁇ m.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the single-crystal diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ laminated substrate and the self-supporting substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 6 A single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 wafer having a diameter of 150 mm, a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m, a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ , and an off angle of ⁇ 10-10> direction of 4° was polished on both sides, and an initial substrate 11 (in FIG. 1 (refer to the initial substrate 11 of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 001 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 14 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- the base substrate 20 was subjected to pretreatment (bias treatment) for diamond nucleation.
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 50 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the film thickness when the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 200 ⁇ m. As compared with Example 4, the film was thin but finished with a continuous film and a smooth surface. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- SEM scanning secondary electron microscope
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 7 A double-sided polished single crystal ⁇ -Al 2 O3 wafer having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 11-20 ⁇ and an off angle of 4° in the ⁇ 0001> direction was used as the initial substrate. (refer to the initial substrate 11 in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 001 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 14 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 50 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the film thickness when the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 200 ⁇ m. As compared with Example 4, the film was thin but finished with a continuous film and a smooth surface. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- SEM scanning secondary electron microscope
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 8 A single-crystal Si wafer (with no off-angle) having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m and having a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 111 ⁇ and having both sides polished (no off-angle) was prepared as an initial substrate 11 (see initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1) (FIG. 5). , step S11 in FIG. 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 111 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 16 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 111 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- direct current was applied to form the film for 80 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was also a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 100 ⁇ m.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 9 An initial substrate 11 (initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1 ) was prepared (step S11 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 111 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 16 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 111 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- direct current was applied to form the film for 80 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was also a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the film thickness when the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 100 ⁇ m. Compared with Example 8, the film was thin but continuous and finished with a smooth surface. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- SEM scanning secondary electron microscope
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 111 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 10 A single-crystal Si wafer (with no off-angle) having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m and having a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 001 ⁇ and having both sides polished (no off-angle) was prepared as an initial substrate 11 (see initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1) (FIG. 5). , step S11 in FIG. 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 001 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 16 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the base substrate 20 was subjected to pretreatment (bias treatment) for diamond nucleation.
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to the plasma for 90 seconds. , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 50 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 200 ⁇ m.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 11 A double-sided polished single crystal Si wafer having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 001 ⁇ and a ⁇ 110> direction with an off angle of 5° was used as the initial substrate 11 (see the initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1). It was prepared (step S11 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- an Ir film was heteroepitaxially grown on the surface of the initial substrate 11 to form an intermediate layer 21 of the Ir film ⁇ 001 ⁇ (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 16 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- pretreatment for forming diamond nuclei was performed on the base substrate 20 (step S13 in FIG. 6).
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 50 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), and the total thickness of the diamond layer was found to be about 200 ⁇ m.
- SEM scanning secondary electron microscope
- the film was thin but continuous and finished with a smooth surface. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- Example 12 A double-sided polished single crystal Si wafer having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m with a crystal plane orientation of ⁇ 001 ⁇ and a ⁇ 110> direction with an off angle of 5° was used as the initial substrate 11 (see the initial substrate 11 in FIG. 1). It was prepared (step S11 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- the intermediate layer MgO film of the first layer is applied according to R.I. F. It was formed to a thickness of 1 ⁇ m at a substrate temperature of 860° C. in the same manner as the magnetron sputtering method, except that MgO was used as a target.
- an Ir film was then heteroepitaxially grown as the second layer of the intermediate layer 21 to form an Ir film ⁇ 001 ⁇ .
- a R.I. F. 13.56 MHz magnetron sputtering method was used.
- the substrate on which the single-crystal MgO film had been formed was heated to 860° C., evacuated with a vacuum pump, and after confirming that the base pressure was about 8.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less, Ar gas was introduced. After adjusting the degree of opening of the valve leading to the exhaust system to 16 Pa, R.I. F. Film formation was performed for 30 minutes by inputting 1500 W. The obtained film thickness was about 1 ⁇ m.
- an intermediate layer 21 composed of a single-crystal MgO ⁇ 001 ⁇ film and a single-crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film was formed (step S12 in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- the underlying substrate 20 of the present invention was manufactured (see FIG. 1).
- the base substrate 20 was subjected to pretreatment (bias treatment) for diamond nucleation.
- a negative voltage is applied to the substrate-side electrode and exposed to plasma for 90 seconds to remove the surface of the intermediate layer 21 (that is, , the surface of the single crystal Ir ⁇ 001 ⁇ film) were biased.
- a single-crystal diamond layer 31 (undoped diamond film) was heteroepitaxially grown by microwave CVD (step S14 in FIG. 6).
- the bias-treated base substrate 20 is set in a chamber of a microwave CVD apparatus, and is evacuated with a vacuum pump to a base pressure of about 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- a direct current was applied to form the film for 50 hours.
- the substrate temperature during film formation was measured with a pyrometer, it was 980°C.
- the obtained single-crystal diamond layer 31 was a completely continuous film with no peeling over the entire surface with a diameter of 150 mm.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the monocrystalline diamond laminated substrate 30 manufactured in this manner is shown in FIG.
- a 2 mm square piece was cut from this single-crystal diamond laminated substrate 30 and used as an evaluation sample, and the film thickness and crystallinity were evaluated.
- the film thickness when the cross section of the sample was observed with a scanning secondary electron microscope (SEM), the total thickness of the diamond layer was about 200 ⁇ m. Compared with Example 11, the film was finished as a continuous film and a smooth surface even though it was thin. Dislocation defect density could also be reduced.
- SEM scanning secondary electron microscope
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- a high-performance device can be obtained by applying the monocrystalline diamond ⁇ 001 ⁇ laminated substrate to an electronic/magnetic device.
- high-performance power devices can be obtained.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
- the above-described embodiment is an example, and any device having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and exhibiting the same effect is the present invention. included in the technical scope of
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Abstract
Description
まず、初期基板11を準備する(工程S11)。初期基板11は、単結晶Si{111}基板、単結晶Si{001}基板、単結晶α-Al2O3{0001}基板、単結晶α-Al2O3{11-20}基板、単結晶Fe{111}基板、単結晶Fe{001}基板、単結晶Ni{111}基板、単結晶Ni{001}基板、単結晶Cu{111}基板、及び、単結晶Cu{001}基板のいずれかの基板(バルク基板)とする。これら列挙した初期基板11の材料は、中間層21の材料との間の格子不整合が小さく、容易に中間層21のエピタキシャル成長が可能となる。また、6インチ(150mm)直径を超える大口径も得られかつその価格も比較的安価である。
工程S11において初期基板11を準備した後、次に、初期基板11上に中間層21を形成する。中間層21としては、単結晶Ir膜、単結晶MgO膜、単結晶イットリア安定化ジルコニア膜、単結晶SrTiO3膜及び単結晶Ru膜の少なくともいずれか1つを含む単層又は積層膜からなるものとする(工程S12)。
下地基板20の中間層21の表面にバイアス処理を行って、ダイヤモンドの核形成を行う(工程S13)。減圧チャンバー内に該中間層21を形成済みの下地基板20をセットし、真空ポンプで減圧にした後、直流放電によって、中間層21の最表面と結晶方位の揃ったダイヤモンドの核形成を行う。放電ガスは、水素希釈メタンとすることが好ましい。
次に、中間層21上に形成されたダイヤモンド核を成長させてエピタキシャル成長を行い、単結晶ダイヤモンド層31を形成する(工程S14)。すなわち、バイアス処理を行った下地基板20上に単結晶層を形成する。この工程は、気相合成(CVD)法であるマイクロ波プラズマCVD、DCプラズマCVD、熱フィラメントCVD、アーク放電CVD法などによって行うことができる。
この工程では、単結晶ダイヤモンド層31形成工程(工程S14)の後に、単結晶ダイヤモンド層31のみ取り出し、単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板35とする(工程S15)。このような自立基板化を行うには、化学エッチング法、レーザー照射法、研磨加工法などを用いて行うことができる。
さらに、本発明では、工程S15までで得た単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板35の上にさらに追加単結晶ダイヤモンド層41を形成する(工程S16)ことで、単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板40(図4参照)を製造することができる。すなわち、図3に示した単結晶ダイヤモンド層31のみからなる単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板35に追加で製膜を行うことができる。単一材料への製膜となるので、破損も無く、低応力化に有効である。この工程により、ダイヤモンド膜を厚膜化するのにも有利である。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{0001}の両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハ(オフ角無し)を、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{0001}、<11-20>方向にオフ角4°の付いた両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハを初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{0001}、<10-10>方向にオフ角4°の付いた両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハを、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
Ir(111)ピークのロッキングカーブ半値幅は、0.11°であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{11-20}の両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハ(オフ角無し)を、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{11-20}の両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハ(オフ角無し)を、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{11-20}、<10-10>方向オフ角4°の両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハを、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{11-20}、<0001>方向オフ角4°の両面研磨された単結晶α-Al2O3ウェーハを初期基板を、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{111}の両面研磨された単結晶Siウェーハ(オフ角無し)を、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{111}、<-1-12>方向5°のオフ角付きの両面研磨された単結晶Siウェーハを、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{001}の両面研磨された単結晶Siウェーハ(オフ角無し)を、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{001}、<110>方向5°オフ角付きの両面研磨された単結晶Siウェーハを、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
製膜中の基板温度をパイロメーターで測定したところ、980℃であった。
直径150mm、厚さ1000μmで、結晶面方位{001}、<110>方向5°オフ角付きの両面研磨された単結晶Siウェーハを、初期基板11(図1中の初期基板11を参照)として準備した(図5、図6の工程S11)。
Claims (14)
- 単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板用の下地基板において、
単結晶Si{111}基板、単結晶Si{001}基板、単結晶α-Al2O3{0001}基板、単結晶α-Al2O3{11-20}基板、単結晶Fe{111}基板、単結晶Fe{001}基板、単結晶Ni{111}基板、単結晶Ni{001}基板、単結晶Cu{111}基板、及び、単結晶Cu{001}基板のいずれかである初期基板と、
前記初期基板上に、単結晶Ir膜、単結晶MgO膜、単結晶イットリア安定化ジルコニア膜、単結晶SrTiO3膜及び単結晶Ru膜の少なくともいずれか1つを含む単層又は積層膜からなる中間層と、
を有し、前記初期基板の最表面が、オフ角無しのもの、又は、立方晶面方位{111}に対して、結晶軸<-1-12>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、六方晶面方位{0001}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<11-20>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、立方晶面方位{001}に対して、結晶軸<110>方向にオフ角を有するもの、又は、六方晶面方位{11-20}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<0001>方向にオフ角を有するものであることを特徴とする下地基板。 - 前記初期基板の最表面のオフ角が、+0.5~+15.0°又は-0.5~-15.0°の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の下地基板。
- 前記中間層の最表面が、オフ角無しのもの、又は、立方晶面方位{111}に対して、結晶軸<-1-12>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、六方晶面方位{0001}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<11-20>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、立方晶面方位{001}に対して、結晶軸<110>方向にオフ角を有するもの、又は、六方晶面方位{11-20}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<0001>方向にオフ角を有するものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の下地基板。
- 前記中間層の最表面のオフ角が、+0.5~+15.0°又は-0.5~-15.0°の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の下地基板。
- 単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板であって、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の下地基板の前記中間層上に単結晶ダイヤモンド層を有するものであることを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板。
- 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド層が{111}結晶又は{001}結晶であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板。
- 単結晶Si{111}基板、単結晶Si{001}基板、単結晶α-Al2O3{0001}基板、単結晶α-Al2O3{11-20}基板、単結晶Fe{111}基板、単結晶Fe{001}基板、単結晶Ni{111}基板、単結晶Ni{001}基板、単結晶Cu{111}基板、及び、単結晶Cu{001}基板のいずれかである初期基板を準備する工程と、
前記初期基板上に単結晶Ir膜、単結晶MgO膜、単結晶イットリア安定化ジルコニア膜、単結晶SrTiO3膜及び単結晶Ru膜の少なくともいずれか1つを含む単層又は積層膜からなる中間層を形成する工程と
を有する単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板用の下地基板の製造方法であって、
前記初期基板として、該初期基板の最表面が、オフ角無しのもの、又は、立方晶面方位{111}に対して、結晶軸<-1-12>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、六方晶面方位{0001}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<11-20>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、立方晶面方位{001}に対して、結晶軸<110>方向にオフ角を有するもの、又は、六方晶面方位{11-20}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<0001>方向にオフ角を有するもののいずれかを用いることを特徴とする下地基板の製造方法。 - 前記初期基板の最表面のオフ角を、+0.5~+15.0°又は-0.5~-15.0°の範囲のものとすることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の下地基板の製造方法。
- 前記中間層の最表面を、オフ角無しのもの、又は、立方晶面方位{111}に対して、結晶軸<-1-12>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、六方晶面方位{0001}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<11-20>方向にオフ角を有するもの、若しくは、立方晶面方位{001}に対して、結晶軸<110>方向にオフ角を有するもの、又は、六方晶面方位{11-20}に対して、結晶軸<10-10>若しくは<0001>方向にオフ角を有するものとすることを特徴とする請求項7又は請求項8に記載の下地基板の製造方法。
- 前記中間層の最表面のオフ角を、+0.5~+15.0°又は-0.5~-15.0°の範囲として前記中間層を形成することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の下地基板の製造方法。
- 単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板の製造方法であって、
請求項7から請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の下地基板の製造方法により製造された下地基板を準備する工程と、
前記下地基板の前記中間層の表面にダイヤモンド核形成のためのバイアス処理を行う工程と、
前記中間層上に形成されたダイヤモンド核を成長させてエピタキシャル成長を行い、単結晶ダイヤモンド層を形成する工程と
を含むことを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板の製造方法。 - 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド層を{111}結晶又は{001}結晶とすることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板の製造方法。
- 請求項11又は請求項12に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板の製造方法によって製造した単結晶ダイヤモンド積層基板から、前記単結晶ダイヤモンド層のみを取り出し、単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板を製造することを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板の製造方法。
- 請求項13に記載の単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板の製造方法により得られた単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板の上にさらに追加単結晶ダイヤモンド層を形成することを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド自立構造基板の製造方法。
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