JP7475389B2 - 積層基板、積層基板の製造方法及び自立基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
積層基板、積層基板の製造方法及び自立基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7475389B2 JP7475389B2 JP2022067491A JP2022067491A JP7475389B2 JP 7475389 B2 JP7475389 B2 JP 7475389B2 JP 2022067491 A JP2022067491 A JP 2022067491A JP 2022067491 A JP2022067491 A JP 2022067491A JP 7475389 B2 JP7475389 B2 JP 7475389B2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 192
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 166
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 129
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 128
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 124
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000313 electron-beam-induced deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004050 hot filament vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000387 optically detected magnetic resonance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層が、結晶面方位(111)に対して、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向又はその三回対象方向に、-10.5°より大きく-2.0°未満又は+2.0°より大きく+10.5°未満の範囲でオフ角を有するものであることを特徴とする積層基板を提供する。
本明細書では、主表面が(111)面である結晶層、結晶膜を、単に「(111)層」、「(111)膜」という。例えば、主表面が(111)面である単結晶ダイヤモンド層は「単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層」という。
本発明に係る積層基板100は、図2に示すように、下地基板1と、該下地基板1上の中間層2と、該中間層2上の前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層3を含むものである。図2では、下地基板1、中間層2のそれぞれが1層からなるものとして記載しているが、それぞれが複数層からなるものであってもよい。
上述のように、下地基板1や中間層2を除去することにより自立基板4を得ることができる(図3)。下地基板1や中間層2などがない自立基板4であれば、ノイズの原因となるヘテロ界面が存在しないため、電子デバイス用途のみならず、磁場、電場、温度、圧力等の高感度センサーなど、適用範囲が広いものとなる。
次に、本発明に係る積層基板100の製造方法について述べる。
まず、上述の下地基板1を準備する。次に、前記下地基板1上に、中間層2をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる。ヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる方法は特に限定されない。例えば、上述の中間層2を金属膜とする場合には、電子線ビーム蒸着法、スパッター法などが挙げられる。比較的成長速度が高くて良好な結晶性のものが得られる点で、R.F.マグネトロンスパッター法を用いることが好ましい。成長条件は膜の種類に応じて適宜設定することができるが、代表的な条件としては、基板温度600~1200℃、圧力1.1×10-1Torr(14.7Pa)~9.0×10-1Torr(120.0Pa)で、高品質な金属膜をヘテロエピタキシャル成長することができる。
磁気センサー用途などで、中間層2以下の材料の存在がノイズの原因となる場合には、単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層3のみを取り出して、単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)自立基板4とすれば良い。上述のようにして得た積層基板100から、下地基板1と中間層2を除去することで、単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)自立基板4を得ることができる。下地基板1と中間層2の除去は、特に限定されない。研磨等の機械的処理、ウェット又はドライエッチング処理など、下地基板1や中間層2の材料に合わせて適宜選択すればよい。また、上記の各処理を組み合わせることもできる。
下地基板として、直径20.0mm、厚さ1.0mm、主表面が(111)面で、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向に2°のオフ角を有する、片面研磨された単結晶MgO基板(以下、「単結晶MgO(111)基板」という)を用意した。
3…単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層、 4…自立基板。
Claims (12)
- 単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層を含む積層基板であって、
下地基板と、該下地基板上の中間層と、該中間層上の前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層を含み、
前記下地基板は、主表面が、結晶面方位(111)に対して、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向又はその三回対象方向に、-8.0°以上-0.5°以下又は+0.5°以上+8.0°以下の範囲でオフ角を有するものであり、
前記下地基板は、単一のSi3N4又はSiCからなる基板、又は、Si3N4 及びSiCからなる積層体であり、
前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層が、結晶面方位(111)に対して、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向又はその三回対象方向に、-10.5°より大きく-2.0°未満又は+2.0°より大きく+10.5°未満の範囲でオフ角を有するものであり、
前記中間層の最表面が、Ir(111)膜、Rh(111)膜、Pd(111)膜及びPt(111)膜から選択される金属膜であり、
前記中間層の厚さが1.0μm以上、5.0μm以下のものであることを特徴とする積層基板。 - 前記下地基板と中間層との間にMgO(111)層をさらに含むものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の積層基板。
- 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層の成膜面である前記中間層の最表面の前記金属膜表面が、結晶面方位(111)に対して、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向又はその三回対象方向に、-8.0°以上-0.5°以下又は+0.5°以上+8.0°以下の範囲でオフ角を有するものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の積層基板。
- 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層の結晶性が、波長λ=1.54ÅのX線回折法で分析した、ダイヤモンド(111)帰属の2θ=43.9°における回折強度ピークの半値幅(FWHM)が1°以下、かつ、ロッキングカーブピークのFWHMが4°以下のものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の積層基板。
- 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層が、SIMS法で分析した不純物濃度のうち、酸素濃度が1×1017atoms/cm3以下、窒素濃度が5×1016atoms/cm3以下のものであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の積層基板。
- 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層の厚さが100μm以上のものであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の積層基板。
- 前記積層基板の直径が10mm以上のものであることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の積層基板。
- 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層の表面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)が2nm以下のものであることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の積層基板。
- 単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層を含む積層基板の製造方法であって、
主表面が、結晶面方位(111)に対して、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向又はその三回対象方向に、-8.0°以上-0.5°以下又は+0.5°以上+8.0°以下の範囲でオフ角を有する下地基板上に、中間層をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる工程と、
該中間層の表面にダイヤモンドの核を形成する核形成工程と、
前記核を形成した前記中間層表面に、結晶面方位(111)に対して、結晶軸[_1_1 2]方向又はその三回対象方向に、-10.5°より大きく-2.0°未満又は+2.0°より大きく+10.5°未満の範囲でオフ角を有する単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる工程とを含み、
前記下地基板として、単一のSi3N4又はSiCからなる基板、又は、Si3N4 及びSiCからなる積層体を用い、
前記中間層をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる工程において、中間層を、厚さが1.0μm以上、5.0μm以下の、Ir(111)膜、Rh(111)膜、Pd(111)膜及びPt(111)膜から選択される金属膜とすることを特徴とする積層基板の製造方法。 - 前記単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)層をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる工程において、ヘテロエピタキシャル成長するダイヤモンド層の厚さを100μm以上とすることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の積層基板の製造方法。
- 前記中間層をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる工程において、前記下地基板として少なくとも最表面がMgO(111)結晶である基板を用い、
前記中間層をヘテロエピタキシャル成長させる工程において、R.F.マグネトロンスパッター法を用い、基板温度が600~1200℃、圧力が1.1×10-1Torr(14.7Pa)~9.0×10-1Torr(120.0Pa)の条件で、前記中間層のヘテロエピタキシャル成長を行うことを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の積層基板の製造方法。 - 請求項9から11のいずれか一項に記載の積層基板の製造方法により得られた積層基板から、少なくとも前記中間層と前記下地基板を除去して、単結晶ダイヤモンド(111)自立基板を得ることを特徴とする単結晶ダイヤモンド自立基板の製造方法。
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