WO2023151402A1 - 天线装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

天线装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023151402A1
WO2023151402A1 PCT/CN2022/141409 CN2022141409W WO2023151402A1 WO 2023151402 A1 WO2023151402 A1 WO 2023151402A1 CN 2022141409 W CN2022141409 W CN 2022141409W WO 2023151402 A1 WO2023151402 A1 WO 2023151402A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
branch
stub
antenna branch
frequency band
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PCT/CN2022/141409
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林世杰
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Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2023151402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023151402A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands

Definitions

  • This application relates to electronic technology, involving but not limited to antenna devices and electronic equipment.
  • the index to measure the electromagnetic radiation of the antenna to the human body is the specific absorption rate (Specific Absorption Rate, SAR), which means: the electromagnetic wave energy absorbed by the biological tissue of the unit mass in the unit time, the unit is W/kg or mW/ g.
  • SAR Specific Absorption Rate
  • the antenna device and electronic equipment provided by the present application can reduce the SAR of the antenna device.
  • an antenna device including: a first antenna branch and a second antenna branch; wherein, the first end of the first antenna branch and the first end of the second antenna branch Both are grounded; the second end of the first antenna branch is coupled to the second end of the second antenna branch; the current phase of the second antenna branch is opposite to the current phase of the first antenna branch, Therefore, part of the current of the first antenna stub is offset to reduce the SAR.
  • an electronic device including any antenna device described in the embodiments of the present application and a power module; wherein the power module is used to supply power to the antenna device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the working length of the second antenna branch provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of adjusting the working length of the second antenna branch provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the current distribution change of the feed point of the original mode antenna caused by the newly added branch provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the hotspot distribution of SAR at the feeding point of the newly added stub equalization original mode antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the current opposite to the original antenna generated by the newly added branch provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a direct connection or an indirect connection.
  • Contact in the embodiments of the present application may be direct contact or indirect contact.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1 includes a first antenna branch 11 and a second antenna branch 12; wherein, the first The first end 111 of an antenna branch 11 is grounded, and the first end 121 of the second antenna branch 12 is grounded; the second end 112 of the first antenna branch 11 is coupled with the second end 122 of the second antenna branch 12; the second antenna The current phase of the branch 12 is relatively opposite to the current phase of the first antenna branch 11, so as to offset part of the current of the first antenna branch 11 to reduce SAR.
  • the value of SAR is strongly related to the magnitude of the current density of the antenna.
  • the current phase of the second antenna branch 12 is relatively opposite to the current phase of the first antenna branch 11, and the ends of the two (ie, the second end) are coupled, so this will cause the feeding of the first antenna branch 11
  • the current distribution of the point changes, which plays the role of current reverse offset.
  • For the hot spot position of SAR it will produce an equalization effect, thereby reducing the effect of SAR.
  • both the first antenna stub 11 and the second antenna stub 12 participate in radiation; in this way, the radiation performance can be improved while reducing SAR.
  • the radiation performance can be improved while reducing SAR.
  • the LH/RH-eff performance has increased by 0.5db to 3.78db compared to before, and the LH/RH-SAR has decreased by 17% to 36%.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1 not only includes the structure shown in FIG. An adjustment circuit 21; the first end 211 of the first adjustment circuit 21 is grounded, and the second end 212 is electrically connected to the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12; the first part 123 does not include the end of the second antenna branch 12 ;
  • the first adjustment circuit 21 is used to adjust the working length of the second antenna stub 12 to reduce the SAR generated by the current working frequency band of the first antenna stub 11 .
  • the first adjustment circuit 21 is added to adjust the working length of the second antenna stub 12 , so as to reduce the SAR generated by the current working frequency band of the first antenna stub 11 . In this way, the flexibility of the antenna device is increased, so that it can reduce SAR no matter whether it works in the first frequency band or the second frequency band.
  • the structure of the first regulation circuit 21 and devices for realizing regulation are not limited, and may be various.
  • the first regulating circuit 21 may include a switch circuit; as another example, the first regulating circuit 21 may include an LC filter network. The purpose is to adjust the working length of the second antenna branch.
  • the first adjustment circuit 21 includes a switch circuit, and the switch circuit is configured to connect or disconnect the first part 123 of the second antenna stub 12 from the ground in response to the first adjustment instruction. electrical connection, and then realize the adjustment of the working length of the second antenna branch 12; wherein, the first adjustment instruction is generated according to the corresponding relationship between the current working frequency band of the first antenna branch 11 and the working length supported by the second antenna branch 12 of.
  • the adjustment instruction may be generated by a microcontroller or a processor in the first adjustment circuit 21, or may be generated by a microcontroller or a processor independent of the first adjustment circuit.
  • the corresponding relationship between the wireless frequency band supported by the first antenna stub 11 and the working length supported by the second antenna stub 12 can be defined in advance. Based on this, according to the first antenna stub 11's current working frequency band, query the predefined corresponding relationship, so as to find out the current working length of the second antenna branch 12 corresponding to the current working frequency band, and then generate the corresponding first adjustment instruction.
  • the wireless frequency bands supported by the first antenna stub 11 include frequency band 1 and frequency band 2
  • the working length supported by the second antenna stub 12 includes length 1 (that is, the overall length of the second antenna stub 12) and length 2 (i.e. the length from the first part 123 to the second end 122 of the second antenna stub 12); wherein, the length 1 plays a greater shunt effect on the first antenna stub 11 working in the frequency band 1, namely reducing the SAR The effect is better; the length 2 plays a greater shunt effect on the first antenna stub 11 working in the frequency band 2.
  • the adjustment command that the switch circuit 213 responds to is to turn off the second antenna.
  • the first part 123 of the branch 12 is electrically connected to the ground, that is, the switch circuit 213 disconnects the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, so that the working length of the second antenna branch is length 1;
  • the adjustment instruction that the switch circuit 213 responds is to turn on the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 213 turns on the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12.
  • the first portion 123 of the second antenna branch 12 is electrically connected to the ground, so that the working length of the second antenna branch 12 is length2.
  • the first adjustment circuit 21 may also include an LC filter network, which is used to adjust the working length of the second antenna branch 12 to reduce the SAR generated by the current working frequency band of the first antenna branch 11 .
  • the structure and components of the LC filter network are not limited, and may be various networks capable of adjusting the working length of the second antenna stub 12 .
  • the LC filter network can be a multi-order filter structure or a single-order filter structure. It is also not limited to the implementation form of lumped inductors and/or capacitors. It can also be a custom device, or a printed circuit to achieve filtering characteristics, etc.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1 includes not only the structure shown in FIG. Two adjustment circuits 41; the first end 411 of the second adjustment circuit 41 is grounded, and the second end 412 is electrically connected to the second part 124 of the second branch 12; the second part 124 does not include the end of the second antenna branch 12;
  • the first adjustment circuit 21 and the second adjustment circuit 41 are configured to jointly adjust the working length of the second antenna stub 12 to reduce the SAR generated by the current working frequency band of the first antenna stub 11 .
  • the more second adjustment circuits included in the antenna device the more types of working lengths supported by the second antenna stub 12 , and accordingly, the more types of wireless frequency bands that can specifically reduce SAR.
  • the supported working lengths include length 1 (i.e. the overall length of the second antenna stub 12), length 2 (i.e. the length from the first part 123 to the second end 122 of the second antenna stub 12) and length 3 (i.e.
  • the length of the second antenna stub 12 The length from the second part 124 of 12 to the second end 122); wherein, the shunt effect played by the first antenna branch 11 when the length 1 is working in the frequency band 1 is relatively large, that is, the effect of reducing SAR is better;
  • An antenna stub 11 has a greater shunt effect when it works in frequency band 2; when the first antenna stub 11 of length 3 works in frequency band 3, it has a greater shunt effect.
  • the switch circuit 213 when the current operating frequency band of the first antenna branch 11 is frequency band 1, the switch circuit 213 The response adjustment instruction is to disconnect the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 213 disconnects the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, and the switching circuit 213
  • the adjustment command 513 responds is to disconnect the electrical connection between the second part 124 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 513 disconnects the electrical connection between the second part 124 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, thereby switching
  • the circuit 213 cooperates with the switch circuit 513 so that the working length of the second antenna stub is length 1;
  • the adjustment instruction that the switch circuit 213 responds is to turn on the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 213 turns on the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12.
  • the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, and the adjustment command that the switch circuit 513 responds to is to disconnect the electrical connection between the second part 124 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 513 is disconnected
  • the second portion 124 of the second antenna stub 12 is electrically connected to the ground, so that the switch circuit 213 and the switch circuit 513 cooperate together, so that the working length of the second antenna stub is length 2;
  • the adjustment instruction that the switch circuit 213 responds is to disconnect the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 213 disconnects the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12.
  • the electrical connection between the first part 123 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, and the adjustment command that the switch circuit 513 responds to is to conduct the electrical connection between the second part 124 of the second antenna branch 12 and the ground, that is, the switch circuit 513 is turned on
  • the second portion 124 of the second antenna stub 12 is electrically connected to the ground, so that the switch circuit 213 and the switch circuit 513 cooperate together, so that the working length of the second antenna stub is length3.
  • the second regulating circuit 41 may be the same as that of the first regulating circuit 21 or may be different.
  • the second regulating circuit 41 may include a switch circuit, and may also include an LC filter network. That is, in the second adjustment circuit 41 , the adjustment of the working length of the second antenna stub 12 can be realized through a switch circuit or an LC filter network.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1 includes the In addition to the structure, it also includes a first elastic piece 61, a second elastic piece 62 and a third elastic piece 63; wherein,
  • the first end 611 of the first elastic piece 61 is grounded, and the second end 612 is in electrical contact with the first end 121 of the second antenna branch 12, so that the first end 121 of the second antenna branch 12 is grounded;
  • the first end 621 of the second elastic piece 62 is grounded, and the second end 622 of the second elastic piece 62 is in electrical contact with the first end 211 of the first regulating circuit 21, so that the first end 211 of the first regulating circuit 21 is grounded;
  • the first end 631 of the second elastic piece 63 is grounded, and the second end 632 of the second elastic piece 63 is in electrical contact with the first end 411 of the second adjustment circuit 41 , so that the first end 411 of the first adjustment circuit 41 is grounded.
  • both the first elastic piece 61 and the second elastic piece 62 are conductive components.
  • the reason why the shrapnel is used is to facilitate the assembly of the antenna device into the electronic device.
  • the manufacturing process of the second antenna branch 12 is not limited, and may be various.
  • the manufacturing process of the second antenna branch 12 is laser direct structuring (Laser-Direct-structuring, LDS), flexible printed circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit, FPC) or metal frame, etc.
  • the first antenna branch 11 is not limited. In some embodiments, only one wireless frequency band may be supported. In some embodiments, the first antenna branch 11 may also support multiple different wireless frequency bands. For example, the first antenna branch 11 is a three-in-one antenna of L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi.
  • the SAR value is strongly related to the antenna current density.
  • the mouth-to-mouth antenna parasitic branch is added, as shown in Figure 7, the new branch causes the current distribution of the feed point to change, forming a current reverse offset effect, and at the same time, it is related to the hot spot position of the SAR value, as shown in Figure 7. As shown in 8, it will produce an equalization effect and reduce the SAR value compared with the previous one.
  • the second branch (i.e., the second antenna branch 12) is designed to generate An example)
  • the relatively reverse current is used to offset part of the current of the original mode antenna, so as to reduce the SAR.
  • the implementation form is shown in Figure 10, and a new pad is introduced from the feed near the L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi antenna (that is, an example of the first antenna stub 11, the original antenna stub shown in the figure).
  • the antenna resonant branch (that is, an example of the second antenna branch 12, the newly added antenna branch shown in the figure), this branch can be realized with FPC/LDS/metal frame material.
  • the implementation form of the branch is that the ground shrapnel 1+LDS/FPC/metal frame is coupled with the end part of the original mode antenna. Because the L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi antenna is a multi-band working antenna, that is, the antenna supports the L1 frequency band, 2.4G Wi-Fi frequency band and 5G Wi-Fi frequency band. Therefore, after the second branch is added, while the branch shunts traffic in a specific frequency band, it must ensure that other frequency bands are not greatly affected. Therefore, near the end of the second branch, the shrapnel 2 (that is, an example of the second shrapnel 62 ) and the LC filter frequency selection circuit should be added.
  • the function of this device is to carry out frequency selection design in the frequency band that needs to reduce SAR, so that the FPC/LDS/metal frame antenna can realize the current distribution shunt for a specific frequency band, and the device generally uses a small capacitor.
  • the design of the LC filter at the shrapnel 2 is not limited to the small capacitance state, and other types of designs are also possible.
  • the SAR reduction effect for 5G Wi-Fi-LH/RH is: in the 5G Wi-Fi frequency band (5.1-5.8GHz) the LH/RH-eff performance is improved by 0.5db-3.78db compared with the original, the new solution LH/RH -SAR can be reduced by about 17-36%.
  • the method of adding the second branch to reduce human body SAR also has certain limitations. Because the bandwidth of 5G Wi-Fi is wide enough, although it can achieve a substantial SAR reduction effect, the bandwidth affected by the branch used to reduce SAR is still somewhat limited.
  • the SAR reduction effect of 5G Wi-Fi-5mm-body-front side is: in the 5G Wi-Fi frequency band (5.2GHz-5.85GHz) body-eff performance is improved by 1.5db-2db
  • the body-frontside-SAR can be reduced by about 20-38%, but the range of action is 5.2G-5.6G, so it still cannot cover the full bandwidth of 5.2G-5.9G.
  • technologies such as L/C network or Switch switching can be used to implement Wi-Fi split-channel fallback or frequency selection to solve the problem of bandwidth effects under the head and the body.
  • a new antenna stub is designed to generate a current opposite to that of the original mode antenna, which is used to offset part of the current of the original antenna, thereby reducing the SAR.
  • the bottleneck problem of SAR reduction of the broadband antenna can be effectively solved.
  • the bandwidth is 800-900M, and the SAR reduction effect can reach 17%-36%.
  • the size of LDS/FPC/metal frame can be adjusted and the design of LC filter network/switch can be designed to ensure the physical size of SAR reduction resonance in the required frequency band;
  • the solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are not only applicable to mobile phone antennas, but also applicable to other terminal products such as watches, PCs and other terminal products.
  • the LC filter at the shrapnel 2 may also be a multi-stage filter structure design. It is not limited to the implementation forms of lumped inductors and capacitors. It can also be a custom device, or a printed circuit to implement the filtering characteristics.
  • the L/C network at the shrapnel 2 can also be a switch switchable device to realize the switching function of the power saving length of the resonant branch, so as to cooperate with the design of the sub-channel to reduce the SAR effect;
  • the second sub-level LDS is not limited to any form, and all belong to the protection content of this case.
  • the second branch can also be a metal frame, FPC and other design forms.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 11 includes an antenna device 1 and a power module 111 of any structure described in the present application ; Wherein, the power supply module 111 is used to supply power to the antenna device 1 .
  • the electronic device can be various types of devices with communication capabilities.
  • the electronic device can include mobile phones, watches, notebook computers, tablet computers, personal computers, drones, robots, televisions or projectors. instrument and so on.

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Abstract

本申请提供了天线装置及电子设备;其中,所述天线装置包括:第一天线枝节和第二天线枝节;其中,所述第一天线枝节的第一端和所述第二天线枝节的第一端均接地;所述第一天线枝节的第二端与所述第二天线枝节的第二端相耦合;所述第二天线枝节的电流相位与所述第一天线枝节的电流相位相对反向,从而抵消所述第一天线枝节的部分电流以降低SAR。

Description

天线装置及电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202210122104.4、申请日为2022年02月09日的中国专利申请提出,并要求该中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的全部内容在此以全文引入的方式引入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子技术,涉及但不限于天线装置及电子设备。
背景技术
目前,衡量天线对人体的电磁辐射的指标为比吸收率(Specific Absorption Rate,SAR),其含意是:在单位时间内单位质量的生物组织所吸收的电磁波能量,单位为W/kg或mW/g。SAR值越低,表明对人体辐射影响越小;反之,则影响越大。因此,如何降低天线的SAR是天线设计待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供的天线装置及电子设备,能够降低天线装置的SAR。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面,提供一种天线装置,包括:第一天线枝节和第二天线枝节;其中,所述第一天线枝节的第一端和所述第二天线枝节的第一端均接地;所述第一天线枝节的第二端与所述第二天线枝节的第二端相耦合;所述第二天线枝节的电流相位与所述第一天线枝节的电流相位相对反向,从而抵消所述第一天线枝节的部分电流以降低SAR。
根据本申请实施例的另一方面,提供一种电子设备,包括本申请实施例所述的任一天线装置和电源模块;其中,所述电源模块用于为所述天线装置供电。
应当理解的是,以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的,并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,这些附图示出了符合本申请的实施例,并与说明书一起用于说明本申请的技术方案。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的天线装置的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的另一天线装置的结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的调节第二天线枝节的工作长度的示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的又一天线装置的结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的调节第二天线枝节的工作长度的另一示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的再一天线装置的结构示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的新增枝节引起原模式天线的馈电点的电流分布变化示意图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的新增枝节均衡原模式天线的馈电点的SAR的热点分布示意图;
图9为本申请实施例提供的新增枝节产生与原始天线相对反向的电流示意图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的另一天线装置的结构示意图;
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请的具体技术方案做进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本申请,但不用来限制本申请的范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述本申请实施例的目的,不是旨在限制本申请。
在以下的描述中,涉及到“一些实施例”,其描述了所有可能实施例的子集,但是可以理解,“一些实施例”可以是所有可能实施例的相同子集或不同子集,并且可以在不冲突的情况下相互结合。
本申请实施例中出现的“第一、第二、第三”等描述,仅作示意与区分描述对象之用,没有次序之分,也不表示本申请实施例中对设备个数的特别限定,不能构成对本申请实施例的任何限制。
本申请实施例中出现的“连接”可以是直接连接或间接连接。本申请实施例中出现的“接触”可以是直接接触或间接接触。
本申请实施例提供一种天线装置,图1为本申请实施例提供的天线装置的结构示意图,如图1所示,该装置1包括第一天线枝节11和第二天线枝节12;其中,第一天线枝节11的第一端111接地,第二天线枝节12的第一端121接地;第一天线枝节11的第二端112与第二天线枝节12的第二端122相耦合;第二天线枝节12的电流相位与第一天线枝节11的电流相位相对反向,从而抵消第一天线枝节11的部分电流以降低SAR。
可以理解地,SAR的值与天线的电流密度的大小强相关。而由于第二天线枝节12的电流相位与第一天线枝节11的电流相位相对反向,且二者的末端(即第二端)相耦合,所以这样就会引起第一天线枝节11的馈电点的电流分布发生变化,起到电流反向抵消的作用,对于SAR的热点位置,会产生均衡化效应,从而起到降低SAR的效果。
在本申请实施例中,第一天线枝节11和第二天线枝节12均参与辐射;如此,在降低SAR的同时还能够提高辐射性能。例如,在5G Wi-Fi频段(即5.1GHz至5.8GHz),其LH/RH-eff性能较之前提升了0.5db至3.78db,LH/RH-SAR降低17%至36%。
本申请实施例再提供一种天线装置,图2为本申请实施例提供的另一天线装置的结构示意图,如图2所示,该装置1除了包括图1所示的结构外,还包括第一调节电路21;第一调节电路21的第一端211接地,第二端212与第二 天线枝节12的第一部位123电性连接;第一部位123不包括第二天线枝节12的端部;第一调节电路21,用于调节第二天线枝节12的工作长度,以降低第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段产生的SAR。
可以理解地,第二天线枝节12的不同的工作长度(即电长度),对应抵消、分流的频段也是不同的。换句话说,有限的工作长度,仅对特定的无线频段起到较好的降低SAR效果的作用,对其他频段的影响不大。因此,在本申请实施例中,增加第一调节电路21,用于调节第二天线枝节12的工作长度,从而能够降低第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段产生的SAR。这样,就增加了天线装置的灵活性,使其无论是工作在第一频段还是第二频段等,均能够降低SAR。
需要说明的是,在本申请实施例中,对于第一调节电路21的结构以及实现调节的器件不做限定,可以是各种各样的。例如,第一调节电路21可以包括开关电路;又如,第一调节电路21可以包括LC滤波网络。其目的均是调节第二天线枝节的工作长度。
具体地,在一些实施例中,第一调节电路21包括开关电路,其开关电路,用于响应于第一调节指令,从而导通或断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,进而实现对第二天线枝节12的工作长度的调节;其中,第一调节指令是根据第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段与第二天线枝节12支持的工作长度的对应关系而生成的。该调节指令可以是第一调节电路21中的微控制器或处理器生成的,也可以是独立于第一调节电路的微控制器或处理器生成的。
可以理解地,不同的天线枝节尺寸,影响的频段不同,因此可以预先定义第一天线枝节11支持的无线频段与第二天线枝节12支持的工作长度的对应关系,基于此,根据第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段,查询预先定义的对应关系,从而找出与该当前工作频段对应的第二天线枝节12当前应工作的长度,进而生成对应的第一调节指令。
举例而言,如表1所示,假设第一天线枝节11支持的无线频段包括频段1和频段2,第二天线枝节12支持的工作长度包括长度1(即第二天线枝节12的整体长度)和长度2(即第二天线枝节12的第一部位123到第二端122的长 度);其中,长度1对第一天线枝节11工作在频段1时起到的分流作用较大,即降低SAR的效果较好;长度2对第一天线枝节11工作在频段2时起到的分流作用较大。
表1
频段1 长度1
频段2 长度2
那么,如图3所示,以第一调节电路21包括开关电路213为例,当第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段为频段1时,则开关电路213响应的调节指令为断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,即开关电路213断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,从而使得第二天线枝节的工作长度为长度1;当第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段为频段2时,则开关电路213响应的调节指令为导通第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,即开关电路213导通第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,从而使得第二天线枝节12的工作长度为长度2。
具体地,在另一些实施例中,第一调节电路21也可以包括LC滤波网络,该网络用于调节第二天线枝节12的工作长度,以降低第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段产生的SAR。
需要说明的是,在本申请实施例中,对于LC滤波网络的结构和组成器件不做限定,可以是各种各样的能够调节第二天线枝节12的工作长度的网络。LC滤波网络可以是多阶滤波结构,也可以是单阶滤波结构。也不限于是集总的电感和/或电容的实现形式。也可以是定制器件,或者印制电路实现滤波特性等。
本申请实施例再提供一种天线装置,图4为本申请实施例提供的又一天线装置的结构示意图,如图4所示,该装置1除了包括图2所示的结构外,还包括第二调节电路41;第二调节电路41的第一端411接地,第二端412与第二枝节12的第二部位124电性连接;第二部位124不包括第二天线枝节12的端 部;第一调节电路21和第二调节电路41,用于共同调节第二天线枝节12的工作长度,以降低第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段产生的SAR。
可以理解地,天线装置中包括的第二调节电路越多,第二天线枝节12支持的工作长度的类型也就越多,相应地,能够针对性地降低SAR的无线频段的类型也越多。举例而言,结合图4标识的第二天线枝节12支持的工作长度,如表2所示,假设第一天线枝节11支持的无线频段包括频段1、频段2和频段3,第二天线枝节12支持的工作长度包括长度1(即第二天线枝节12的整体长度)、长度2(即第二天线枝节12的第一部位123到第二端122的长度)和长度3(即第二天线枝节12的第二部位124到第二端122的长度);其中,长度1对第一天线枝节11工作在频段1时起到的分流作用较大,即降低SAR的效果较好;长度2对第一天线枝节11工作在频段2时起到的分流作用较大;长度3对第一天线枝节11工作在频段3时起到的分流作用较大。
表2
频段1 长度1
频段2 长度2
频段3 长度3
那么,如图5所示,以第一调节电路21包括开关电路213,第二调节电路41包括开关电路513为例,当第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段为频段1时,则开关电路213响应的调节指令为断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,即开关电路213断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,以及开关电路513响应的调节指令为断开第二天线枝节12的第二部位124与地的电性连接,即开关电路513断开第二天线枝节12的第二部位124与地的电性连接,从而开关电路213和开关电路513共同配合,使得第二天线枝节的工作长度为长度1;
当第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段为频段2时,则开关电路213响应的调节指令为导通第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,即开关电路 213导通第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,以及开关电路513响应的调节指令为断开第二天线枝节12的第二部位124与地的电性连接,即开关电路513断开第二天线枝节12的第二部位124与地的电性连接,从而开关电路213和开关电路513共同配合,使得第二天线枝节的工作长度为长度2;
当第一天线枝节11的当前工作频段为频段3时,则开关电路213响应的调节指令为断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,即开关电路213断开第二天线枝节12的第一部位123与地的电性连接,以及开关电路513响应的调节指令为导通第二天线枝节12的第二部位124与地的电性连接,即开关电路513导通第二天线枝节12的第二部位124与地的电性连接,从而开关电路213和开关电路513共同配合,使得第二天线枝节的工作长度为长度3。
需要说明的是,第二调节电路41的结构可以与第一调节电路21的结构相同,也可以不同。第二调节电路41可以包括开关电路,也可以包括LC滤波网络。即第二调节电路41中可以通过开关电路或LC滤波网络等实现第二天线枝节12的工作长度的调节。
本申请实施例再提供一种天线装置,图6为本申请实施例提供的再一天线装置的结构示意图,如图6所示,该装置1除了包括图1、图2或图4所示的结构外,还包括第一弹片61、第二弹片62和第三弹片63;其中,
第一弹片61的第一端611接地,第二端612与第二天线枝节12的第一端121电性接触,从而使得第二天线枝节12的第一端121接地;
第二弹片62的第一端621接地,第二弹片62的第二端622与第一调节电路21的第一端211电性接触,从而使得第一调节电路21的第一端211接地;
第二弹片63的第一端631接地,第二弹片63的第二端632与第二调节电路41的第一端411电性接触,从而使得第一调节电路41的第一端411接地。
可以理解地,第一弹片61和第二弹片62均是具有导电性的部件。之所以采用弹片的实现方式实现,是为了方便将天线装置组装至电子设备中。
在本申请中,对于第二天线枝节12的制作工艺不做限定,可以是各种各样 的。在一些实施例中,第二天线枝节12的制作工艺为激光直接成型(Laser-Direct-structuring,LDS)、柔性印刷电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit,FPC)或金属框等。
在本申请中,对于第一天线枝节11也不做限定,在一些实施例中,可以仅支持一个无线频段,在一些实施例中,第一天线枝节11也可以支持多个不同的无线频段。例如,第一天线枝节11为L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi的三合一天线。
下面将说明本申请实施例在一个实际的应用场景中的示例性应用。
因为天线SAR热点基本集中在天线电流分布的最大位置附近,也就是说,SAR值与天线电流密度大小强相关。在2.4G单频天线的设计中,增加口对口天线寄生枝节,如图7所示,新枝节引起馈电点电流分布变化,形成电流反向抵消作用,同时与SAR值的热点位置,如图8所示,较之前会产生均衡化效应,起到降低SAR值的效果。
因此,如图9所示,针对当前L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi天线方案,设计第二个分支(即第二天线枝节12),产生与原模式天线(即第一天线枝节11的一种示例)相对反向的电流,用来抵消部分原模式天线的电流,从而起到降SAR的作用。实现形式如图10所示,从靠L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi天线(即第一天线枝节11的一种示例,图中所示的原始天线枝节)馈电附近增加地pad引入新天线谐振分支(即第二天线枝节12的一种示例,图中所示的新增天线枝节),该分支可以以FPC/LDS/metal frame材质实现。分支实现形式为接地弹片1+LDS/FPC/metal frame与原模式天线末端部分耦合。因为L1+2.4GWi-Fi+5GWi-Fi天线是多频段工作天线,即该天线支持L1频段、2.4G Wi-Fi频段以及5G Wi-Fi频段。所以,在增加第二分支后,该分支在特定频段分流的同时,要保证对其他频段不受太大影响。因此,第二分支靠近末端附近要增加弹片2(即第二弹片62的一种示例)和LC滤波选频电路。该器件的作用是,在需要降SAR的频段进行选频设计,使得FPC/LDS/metal frame天线针对特定频段实现电流分布的分流,器件一般会采用小电容。
当然,弹片2处的LC滤波设计不限于小电容态,也可以是其他类型的设 计。本例中,对于5G Wi-Fi-LH/RH降SAR效果为:在5G Wi-Fi频段(5.1-5.8GHz)LH/RH-eff性能较原始提升0.5db-3.78db,新方案LH/RH-SAR可降低约17-36%。
但是增加第二枝节降低人体SAR的方法也存在一定局限,因5G Wi-Fi带宽足够宽,虽然可实现大幅度的降SAR效果,但是用于降SAR的枝节所影响的带宽还是有些局限。本例5G Wi-Fi-5mm-body-front side降SAR效果为:在5G Wi-Fi频段(5.2GHz-5.85GHz)body-eff性能较原始提升1.5db-2db的情况下,新方案5mm-body-frontside-SAR可降低约20-38%,但是作用范围5.2G-5.6G,因此还是无法覆盖全带宽5.2G-5.9G。这种情况,可以通过L/C网络或Switch切换等技术,实现Wi-Fi分信道回退或选频作用来解决头及人体下的带宽作用问题。
在本申请实施例中,设计新的天线枝节,产生与原模式天线相对反向的电流,用来抵消部分原始天线的电流,从而起到降SAR的作用。
从设计角度上来说,通过优化第二枝节的尺寸及LC滤波网络/switch设计,可以有效解决宽带天线降SAR的瓶颈问题,本示例带宽800-900M,降SAR效果可达到17%-36%。可以根据实际情况,调整LDS/FPC/metal frame尺寸和设计LC滤波网络/switch设计,保证在所需频段的降SAR谐振物理尺寸;
本申请实施例提供的方案不仅适用于手机天线,也适用于其他终端类产品例如手表,PC等终端产品。
在本申请实施例中,根据工作频段的不同,弹片2处的LC滤波也可以是多阶的滤波结构设计。也不限于是集总的电感、电容的实现形式。也可以是定制器件,或者印制电路实现滤波特性。
在本申请实施例中,弹片2处的L/C网络也可以是switch开关可切换器件,实现谐振枝节电长度的切换作用,以配合分信道针对性降低SAR效果设计等;
在本申请实施例中,第二枝节LDS不限于任何形式,均属于本案保护内容。例如,第二枝节也可以是金属边框、FPC等设计形式。
在本申请实施例中,不局限于本示例5GWi-Fi天线的降SAR效果,可推广 至单频或者多频降SAR使用,例如5G NR等频段。
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备,图11为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图,如图11所示,电子设备11包括本申请描述的任一结构的天线装置1和电源模块111;其中,电源模块111用于为天线装置1供电。该电子设备在实施的过程中可以为各种类型的具有通信能力的设备,例如所述电子设备可以包括手机、手表、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、个人计算机、无人机、机器人、电视机或投影仪等。
应理解,说明书通篇中提到的“一个实施例”或“一实施例”或“一些实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此,在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”或“在一些实施例中”未必一定指相同的实施例。此外,这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。应理解,在本申请的各种实施例中,上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后,各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定,而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。上文对各个实施例的描述倾向于强调各个实施例之间的不同之处,其相同或相似之处可以互相参考,为了简洁,本文不再赘述。
本文中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如对象A和/或对象B,可以表示:单独存在对象A,同时存在对象A和对象B,单独存在对象B这三种情况。
需要说明的是,在本文中,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本申请所提供的几个装置实施例中所揭露的装置,在不冲突的情况下可以 任意组合,得到新的装置实施例。
本申请所提供的几个产品实施例中所揭露的特征,在不冲突的情况下可以任意组合,得到新的产品实施例。
本申请所提供的几个装置或设备实施例中所揭露的特征,在不冲突的情况下可以任意组合,得到新的装置实施例或设备实施例。
以上所述,仅为本申请的实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种天线装置,所述装置包括:第一天线枝节和第二天线枝节;其中,
    所述第一天线枝节的第一端和所述第二天线枝节的第一端均接地;
    所述第一天线枝节的第二端与所述第二天线枝节的第二端相耦合;
    所述第二天线枝节的电流相位与所述第一天线枝节的电流相位相对反向,从而抵消所述第一天线枝节的部分电流以降低SAR。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述装置还包括第一调节电路;所述第一调节电路的第一端接地,所述第一调节电路的第二端与所述第二天线枝节的第一部位电性连接;所述第一部位不包括所述第二天线枝节的端部;
    所述第一调节电路,用于调节所述第二天线枝节的工作长度,以降低所述第一天线枝节的当前工作频段产生的SAR。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述装置还包括第二调节电路;所述第二调节电路的第一端接地,所述第二调节电路的第二端与所述第二枝节的第二部位电性连接;所述第二部位不包括所述第二天线枝节的端部;
    所述第一调节电路和所述第二调节电路,用于共同调节所述第二天线枝节的工作长度,以降低所述第一天线枝节的当前工作频段产生的SAR。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述第一调节电路,包括开关电路,所述开关电路,用于:
    导通或断开所述第二天线枝节的第一部位与地的电性连接,从而实现对所述第二天线枝节的工作长度的调节。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置,其中,所述开关电路,用于:
    响应于第一调节指令,导通或断开所述第二天线枝节的第一部位与地的电性连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述第一调节指令是根据所述第一天线枝节的当前工作频段与所述第二天线枝节支持的工作长度的对应关系而生成的。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述第一调节电路包括LC滤波网络;
    所述LC滤波网络,用于调节所述第二天线枝节的工作长度,以降低所述第一天线枝节的当前工作频段产生的SAR。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述LC滤波网络为多阶滤波结构或单阶滤波结构。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述LC滤波网络包括集总的电感和/或电容。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的装置,其中,所述第二天线枝节的制作工艺为LDS、FPC或金属框。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述装置还包括第一弹片;
    所述第一弹片的第一端接地,所述第一弹片的第二端与所述第二天线枝节的第一端电性接触,从而使得所述第二天线枝节的第一端接地;其中,所述第一弹片具有导电性。
  12. 根据权利要求2或7所述的装置,其中,所述装置还包括第二弹片;
    所述第二弹片的第一端接地,所述第二弹片的第二端与所述第一调节电路的第一端电性接触,从而使得所述第一调节电路的第一端接地;其中,所述第二弹片具有导电性。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第一天线枝节支持多个不同的无线频段。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置,其中,所述第一天线枝节支持以下无线频段:L1频段、2.4G Wi-Fi频段以及5G Wi-Fi频段。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14任一项所述的装置,其中,所述第一天线枝节和所述第二天线枝节12均参与辐射。
  16. 一种电子设备,包括权利要求1至15任一项所述的天线装置和电源模块;其中,所述电源模块用于为所述天线装置供电。
PCT/CN2022/141409 2022-02-09 2022-12-23 天线装置及电子设备 WO2023151402A1 (zh)

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CN104167590A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 中兴通讯股份有限公司 降低电磁波吸收比值的终端和天线布局方法
CN112448725A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 华为技术有限公司 天线、电子设备及天线控制方法
CN213753059U (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-07-20 荣耀终端有限公司 多频低sar天线及电子设备
WO2021244115A1 (zh) * 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 华为技术有限公司 一种天线装置、电子设备

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CN104167590A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-26 中兴通讯股份有限公司 降低电磁波吸收比值的终端和天线布局方法
CN112448725A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 华为技术有限公司 天线、电子设备及天线控制方法
WO2021244115A1 (zh) * 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 华为技术有限公司 一种天线装置、电子设备
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