WO2020134322A1 - 天线模组、移动终端及天线模组的调谐方法 - Google Patents

天线模组、移动终端及天线模组的调谐方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134322A1
WO2020134322A1 PCT/CN2019/110158 CN2019110158W WO2020134322A1 WO 2020134322 A1 WO2020134322 A1 WO 2020134322A1 CN 2019110158 W CN2019110158 W CN 2019110158W WO 2020134322 A1 WO2020134322 A1 WO 2020134322A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lte
tuning circuit
antenna module
operating mode
resonance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/110158
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
武景
陈海兵
华科
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
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Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2020134322A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134322A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0053—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
    • H04B1/006—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using switches for selecting the desired band
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to an antenna module, a mobile terminal, and an antenna module tuning method.
  • the appearance size and beautiful design of the mobile terminal are the current focus of attention.
  • the existing mobile terminal design is biased towards the structure of a full screen, a glass back cover and a metal frame.
  • the full-screen communication equipment brings a small headroom or even no headroom environment, severely reduces the performance and bandwidth of a single antenna, and brings high design difficulty to low frequency coverage and carrier aggregation (CA) design; meanwhile, the fifth Mobile communication is coming.
  • CA carrier aggregation
  • mobile communication terminals will support more MIMO antenna transceiver systems for mobile phones, which also means that the antenna layout of mobile phones has been further improved from the previous 2X2, 4X4 to 8X8. Antenna design is difficult.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical problems.
  • the antenna module provided by the present invention can cover LTE low, medium and high frequency bands as a single antenna, realize full frequency band coverage, and can realize carrier aggregation of different frequency bands.
  • an antenna module of the present invention is applied to a mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal includes a metal frame and a system ground spaced apart from the metal frame;
  • the antenna module includes a metal frame formed on the metal frame A radiation body and a parasitic unit coupled to the radiation body, the radiation body is used to generate a main resonance, and the parasitic unit is used to generate a parasitic resonance;
  • the antenna module further includes a series connection with the radiation body and the A first tuning circuit between the system ground and a second tuning circuit connected in series between the parasitic unit and the system ground;
  • the antenna module includes at least four operating modes: in the first operating mode, the The first tuning circuit is switched to a plurality of operating states so that the main resonance covers the LTE low frequency and switches in multiple bands of the LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit is fixed to a working state so that the parasitic resonance covers the LTE medium and high frequencies Frequency,
  • the second tuning circuit at least includes a small capacitance capacitor, the capacitance of the small capacitance capacitor is
  • the antenna module further includes a ground-feeding branch electrically connecting the radiation body and the system ground, and a parasitic branch electrically connecting the parasitic unit and the system ground, and the first tuning circuit is connected in series In the ground-feeding branch, the second tuning circuit is serially connected to the parasitic branch.
  • the first tuning circuit in each operating state is grounded through an inductance.
  • the first tuning circuit is grounded through an inductor, a capacitor, or a short circuit.
  • the second tuning circuit in each operating state is grounded through a capacitor or a combination of a capacitor and an inductor.
  • the present invention also provides a mobile terminal including the antenna module described above.
  • the invention also provides a method for tuning an antenna module.
  • the antenna module is applied to a mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal includes a metal frame and a system ground spaced apart from the metal frame.
  • the antenna module includes a A radiation body of the metal frame and a parasitic unit coupled with the radiation body, the radiation body is used to generate a primary resonance, the parasitic unit is used to generate a parasitic resonance;
  • the antenna module further includes a serial connection to the A first tuning circuit between the radiating body and the system ground and a second tuning circuit connected in series between the parasitic unit and the system ground;
  • the tuning method of the antenna module includes: providing the first work Mode, the main resonance covers the low frequency of LTE, the parasitic resonance covers the medium and high frequency of LTE, compared with the medium and high frequency of LTE, the LTE low frequency performance is preferentially enhanced;
  • the parasitic resonance covers the LTE intermediate frequency, compared to the low frequency of LTE, preferably enhances the performance of the LTE intermediate frequency; provides a third mode
  • the first tuning circuit is switched to a plurality of operating states so that the main resonance is switched within a plurality of bands of LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit is fixed to a working state ,
  • the second tuning circuit includes at least a small capacitance capacitor to reduce the impact of mid-range and high-frequency on low frequency, the capacitance of the small capacitance capacitor is less than 0.8pF; in the second operating mode, the The first tuning circuit is switched to multiple operating states to switch the main resonance in multiple bands of LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit is switched to multiple operating states to switch parasitic resonance in multiple bands of LTE intermediate frequency; In the third operating mode, the first tuning circuit is switched to multiple operating states to switch the main resonance in multiple bands of LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit is switched to multiple operating states to cause parasitic The resonance is switched in multiple bands of LTE high frequency; in the fourth operating mode, the first tuning circuit is fixed in one working state, and the second tuning circuit is fixed in one working state.
  • the first tuning circuit in each operating state is grounded through an inductor to reduce low frequency versus intermediate frequency Or high-frequency effects.
  • the first tuning circuit is grounded through an inductor, a capacitor, or a short circuit.
  • the second tuning circuit in each operating state is grounded through a capacitor or a combination of a capacitor and an inductor.
  • the antenna module provided by the present invention can generate LTE low, medium, and high frequency resonance through a single antenna to realize low, medium, and high frequency carrier aggregation, and through four operating modes, to achieve targeted low , Medium and high frequency performance enhancement.
  • the tuning method of the antenna module provided by the invention reduces the interference of the parasitic unit on the low frequency by connecting the capacitor in series on the parasitic branch, and reduces the low frequency alignment by connecting the inductance in series on the feeding branch to switch the low frequency band.
  • High-frequency interference makes the tuning of low frequencies and the tuning of medium and high frequencies relatively independent, flexible and convenient.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of a mobile terminal provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module provided by the present invention applied to a mobile terminal
  • FIG. 3 is a topological structure diagram of a second tuning circuit provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is another topological structure diagram of the second tuning circuit provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a mobile terminal 1, which may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a multimedia player, etc.
  • a mobile terminal 1 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a multimedia player, etc.
  • the following embodiments are described using a smartphone as an example .
  • the mobile terminal 1 includes a metal frame 10, a system ground 20 spaced apart from the metal frame 10, and an antenna module 30.
  • the metal frame 10 includes two long axis frames 11 and two short axis frames 13 that are oppositely arranged.
  • the long-axis frame 11 and the short-axis frame 13 are connected in sequence to form the metal frame 10.
  • the short-axis frame 13 is provided with a break 138 and a connecting piece 90 connected to the system ground 20.
  • the antenna module 30 includes a radiation body 31 formed on the metal frame 10 and a parasitic unit 32 coupled with the radiation body 31.
  • the radiation body 31 is a portion of the metal frame 10 between the connecting member 90 and the break 138.
  • the parasitic unit 32 is a strip-shaped metalized layer electrically connected to the system ground 20.
  • the antenna module 30 further includes a feeding branch 50 connected to the radiating body 31, a parasitic branch 40 connecting the parasitic unit 32 and the system ground 20, and connecting the radiating body 31 and the system ground 20 ⁇ 60.
  • the parasitic branch 40 and the ground-feeding branch 60 are arranged on both sides of the feeder branch 50.
  • the antenna module 30 takes up very little space in the mobile terminal, and the distance from the connecting member 90 to the end of the radiation body 31 away from the connecting member 90 is not greater than 2/3 of the length of the short-axis frame 13.
  • the distance mentioned here refers to the distance along the short axis direction.
  • the system ground 20 is spaced apart from the short-axis frame 13 to form a small clearance area.
  • the width of the clearance area is less than 2 mm, and the width is the direction in which the system ground 20 points to the short-axis frame 13.
  • the radiating body 31 is used to generate a main resonance
  • the parasitic unit 32 is used to generate a parasitic resonance.
  • the ground-feeding branch 60 is provided with a first tuning circuit 80
  • the parasitic branch 40 is provided with a second tuning circuit 70.
  • the antenna module 30 includes at least the following four working modes:
  • the first tuning circuit 80 switches to multiple operating states so that the main resonance covers the LTE low frequency and switches in multiple bands of the LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit 70 is fixed to one operation State to enable parasitic resonance to cover LTE mid and high frequencies;
  • the first tuning circuit 80 switches to multiple operating states so that the primary resonance covers the LTE low frequency and switches within multiple bands of the LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit 70 switches to multiple operating State so that the parasitic resonance covers the LTE intermediate frequency and switches in multiple bands of the LTE intermediate frequency;
  • the first tuning circuit 80 switches to a plurality of operating states so that the main resonance covers the LTE low frequency and switches in multiple bands of the LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit 70 switches to a plurality of operations State to enable parasitic resonance to cover LTE high frequency and switch in multiple bands of LTE high frequency;
  • the first tuning circuit 80 is fixed in an operating state to make the main resonance cover LTE medium and high frequencies
  • the second tuning circuit 70 is fixed in an operating state to make the parasitic resonance cover LTE Medium and high frequency.
  • the first tuning circuit 80 in each operating state is grounded through an inductance, that is, by switching the inductance value, Make the main resonance work in different low frequency bands.
  • the first tuning circuit 80 is grounded through inductance, capacitance, or short circuit, that is, in this mode, the composition of the first tuning circuit 80 is not limited, as long as the main resonance can be tuned to the middle , High frequency is enough.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 includes at least a small capacitance capacitor, and the capacitance of the small capacitance capacitor is less than 0.8 pF.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 in each operating state is grounded through a capacitor or a combination of a capacitor and an inductor.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 may be as shown in FIGS. 3-5.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 includes a variable capacitor C and an inductor L connected in series;
  • the second tuning circuit 70 has four branches, and in different operating states, conducts different branches , Each branch is connected in series with a capacitor C, and some branches are also connected in series with an inductance L;
  • the same as FIG. 4 is that the second tuning circuit 70 has 4 branches, in different working states, guide Through different branches, the difference is that capacitor C is connected in series on the main line, and capacitors can be connected in series or without capacitors.
  • FIGS. 3-5 are only three embodiments of the second tuning circuit 70.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 does not limit the topology of the second tuning circuit 70, as long as it is guaranteed that in each working state, the second Capacitors may be connected in series in the conducting circuit of the tuning circuit 70.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 needs to be connected with a capacitor with a smaller capacitance in order to reduce the influence of the parasitic unit 32 on the low frequency band. This is because, under normal circumstances, due to the capacitive coupling effect between the parasitic element 32 and the system ground 20, the low-frequency resonance frequency will be shifted to a lower frequency to a certain extent, and the aperture of the low-frequency radiator needs to be reduced, resulting in Low frequency performance is degraded.
  • a capacitor is connected in series with the second tuning circuit 70 to reduce the interference of the parasitic unit 32 on the low frequency and realize the enhancement effect of the antenna low frequency performance .
  • the technical effect can be understood as that the capacitance forms a series connection with the coupling capacitance between the parasitic unit 32 and the radiation body 31, thereby reducing the interference to low frequencies.
  • the present application does not limit the position of the antenna module 30 on the metal frame 10, and may be provided on the short-axis frame 13 or the long-axis frame.
  • the invention also provides a tuning method of the antenna module.
  • the structure of the antenna module is as described above and will not be repeated here.
  • the tuning method of the antenna module includes:
  • the primary resonance covers the low frequency of LTE
  • the parasitic resonance covers the middle and high frequency of LTE, and priority is given to enhancing the low frequency performance of LTE;
  • the primary resonance covers LTE low frequency
  • the parasitic resonance covers LTE intermediate frequency, and preferably enhances the performance of LTE intermediate frequency
  • the primary resonance covers the low frequency of LTE
  • the parasitic resonance covers the high frequency of LTE
  • priority is given to enhancing the high frequency performance of LTE
  • a fourth operating mode is provided. Both the primary resonance and the parasitic resonance cover LTE mid-range and high-frequency to simultaneously enhance LTE mid-range and high-frequency performance.
  • the antenna module can realize LTE low, medium and high frequency carrier aggregation, and can also realize the performance of a certain frequency band while performing carrier aggregation in each working mode.
  • the first tuning circuit 80 is switched to multiple operating states so that the main resonance is switched in multiple bands of LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit 70 is fixed to one Working state; in the second working mode, the first tuning circuit 80 switches to multiple working states to switch the main resonance in multiple bands of LTE low frequency, and the second tuning circuit 70 switches to multiple Working state to make parasitic resonance switch in multiple bands of LTE intermediate frequency; in the third working mode, the first tuning circuit 80 switches to multiple working states to make the main resonance in multiple bands of LTE low frequency Switching, the second tuning circuit 70 switches to a plurality of working states to switch the parasitic resonance in a plurality of bands of LTE high frequency.
  • the first tuning circuit 80 is fixed in a working state
  • the second tuning circuit 70 is fixed in a working state so that they both work In the middle and high frequency.
  • the The first tuning circuits 80 are all grounded through inductance.
  • the first tuning circuit 80 is not limited to inductive grounding. It can be grounded through inductance, capacitance, or short circuit, as long as the main resonance can be tuned to medium and high frequencies.
  • a capacitor is connected in series with the conducting circuit of the second tuning circuit 70.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 needs to be connected with a capacitor with a smaller capacitance in order to reduce the influence of the parasitic unit 32 on the low frequency band.
  • the preferred capacitance is less than 0.8 pF. This is because, under normal circumstances, due to the capacitive coupling effect between the parasitic element 32 and the system ground 20, the low-frequency resonance frequency will be shifted to a lower frequency to a certain extent, and the aperture of the low-frequency radiator needs to be reduced, resulting in Low frequency performance is degraded.
  • a capacitor is connected in series with the second tuning circuit 70 to reduce the interference of the parasitic unit 32 on the low frequency and realize the enhancement effect of the antenna low frequency performance .
  • the technical effect can be understood as that the capacitance forms a series connection with the coupling capacitance between the parasitic unit 32 and the radiation body 31, thereby reducing the interference to low frequencies.
  • the second tuning circuit 70 is not limited to connect a small-capacitance capacitor in series, and can be grounded through a slightly larger-value capacitor or a combination of a capacitor and an inductor .
  • the first tuning circuit 80 when the antenna module is in the first operating mode, the first tuning circuit 80 is in four operating states (respectively state 1, state 2, state 3, and state 4), and the corresponding main resonance occurs.
  • state 1, state 2, state 3, and state 4 the operating states
  • parasitic resonances produce medium and high frequency resonances, and from the graph we can see that while the low frequency resonances are switched, the medium and high frequency performance is basically unchanged.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates that while the low frequency resonances are switched, the medium and high frequency performance is basically unchanged.
  • the main resonance produces low frequency resonance
  • the parasitic resonance produces intermediate frequency and/or high frequency resonance
  • the middle and high frequency resonance performance is stronger than the first operating mode . It can be seen from the graph of FIG. 7 that while the middle and high frequencies resonantly switch, the low frequency performance is basically unchanged.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph of the radiation efficiency of a comparative antenna module.
  • the comparative antenna module is the same as the antenna module described in FIG. 7. The difference is that the second tuning circuit 70 is not connected with a capacitor. As can be seen from the curve, 1. When the high-frequency resonance is switched, the low-frequency resonance of the antenna module is significantly shifted and the performance deteriorates.
  • the antenna module provided by the present invention can generate LTE low, medium, and high frequency resonance through a single antenna to realize low, medium, and high frequency carrier aggregation, and through four operating modes, to achieve targeted low , Medium and high frequency performance enhancement.
  • the tuning method of the antenna module provided by the invention reduces the interference of the parasitic unit on the low frequency by connecting the capacitor in series on the parasitic branch, and reduces the low frequency alignment by connecting the inductance in series on the feeding branch to switch the low frequency band.
  • High-frequency interference makes the tuning of low frequencies and the tuning of medium and high frequencies relatively independent, flexible and convenient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种天线模组及移动终端。天线模组应用于移动终端，移动终端包括金属边框及与金属边框间隔设置的系统地，天线模组包括形成于金属边框的辐射主体和与辐射主体耦合的寄生单元，辐射主体用于产生主谐振，寄生单元用于产生寄生谐振，天线模组还包括串接于辐射主体与系统地之间的第一调谐电路和串接于寄生单元和系统地之间的第二调谐电路；天线模组至少包括四种工作模式。本发明提供的天线模组作为单天线能够覆盖LTE低中高频段，并实现不同频段的载波聚合。本发明还提供一种天线模组的调谐方法，灵活方便。

Description

天线模组、移动终端及天线模组的调谐方法 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线模组、移动终端及天线模组的调谐方法。
 背景技术
随着移动通讯技术的发展，手机、PAD、笔记本电脑等逐渐成为生活中不可或缺的电子产品，并且该类电子产品都增设了天线模组使其变成具有通讯功能的电子通讯产品。
而移动终端的外观尺寸与美观设计是现有关注的焦点，为满足消费者的要求，现有的移动终端设计偏向于全面屏、玻璃后盖和金属边框的结构。全面屏的通讯设备带来的为小净空甚至无净空环境，严重降低单天线的性能和带宽，给低频覆盖和载波聚合（Carrier Aggregation，CA ）设计带来很高的设计难度；同时，第五代行动通讯即将来临，为了提高传输速率与更高的传输数据容量，移动通信终端将支持手机更多MIMO天线收发系统，也意味着手机的天线布局从以前的2X2、4X4到 8X8，进一步提高了天线设计困难。
因此，实有必要提供一种改进的天线模组以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
本发明的目的是克服上述技术问题，本发明提供的天线模组作为单天线能够覆盖LTE低中高频段，实现全频段覆盖，且能够实现不同频段的载波聚合。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本发明一种天线模组，应用于移动终端，所述移动终端包括金属边框及与所述金属边框间隔设置的系统地；所述天线模组包括形成于所述金属边框的辐射主体和与所述辐射主体耦合的寄生单元，所述辐射主体用于产生主谐振，所述寄生单元用于产生寄生谐振；所述天线模组还包括串接于所述辐射主体与所述系统地之间的第一调谐电路和串接于所述寄生单元和所述系统地之间的第二调谐电路；所述天线模组至少包括四种工作模式：在第一种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，所述第二调谐电路至少包括一小容值电容，所述小容值电容的容值小于0.8pF；在第二种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中频且在LTE中频的多个波段内切换；在第三种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE高频且在LTE高频的多个波段内切换；在第四种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路固定于一种工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频。
优选的，所述天线模组还包括电连接所述辐射主体与所述系统地的馈地支路和电连接所述寄生单元与所述系统地的寄生支路，所述第一调谐电路串接于所述馈地支路，所述第二调谐电路串接于所述寄生支路。
优选的，在所述第一种工作模式、所述第二种工作模式和所述第三种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第一调谐电路均通过电感接地。
优选的，在所述第四种工作模式中，所述第一调谐电路通过电感、电容或短路接地。
优选的，在所述第二种工作模式、第三种工作模式和第四种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第二调谐电路均通过电容或电容与电感的组合接地。
本发明同时提供一种移动终端，所述移动终端包括上文所述的天线模组。
本发明还提供一种天线模组的调谐方法，所述天线模组应用于移动终端，所述移动终端包括金属边框及与所述金属边框间隔设置的系统地；所述天线模组包括形成于所述金属边框的辐射主体和与所述辐射主体耦合的寄生单元，所述辐射主体用于产生主谐振，所述寄生单元用于产生寄生谐振；所述天线模组还包括串接于所述辐射主体与所述系统地之间的第一调谐电路和串接于所述寄生单元和所述系统地之间的第二调谐电路；所述天线模组的调谐方法包括：提供第一种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，相比于LTE中、高频，优先增强LTE低频性能；提供第二种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE中频，相比于LTE低频，优选增强LTE中频性能；提供第三种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE高频，相比于LTE低频，优先增强LTE高频性能；提供第四种工作模式，所述主谐振和所述寄生谐振均覆盖LTE中、高频，以同时增强LTE中、高频性能。
优选的，在所述第一种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态，所述第二调谐电路至少包括一小容值电容以减小中、高频对低频的影响，所述小容值电容的容值小于0.8pF；在所述第二种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振在LTE中频的多个波段内切换；在所述第三种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振在LTE高频的多个波段内切换；在所述第四种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路固定于一种工作状态，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态。
优选的，在所述第一种工作模式、所述第二种工作模式和所述第三种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第一调谐电路均通过电感接地，以减小低频对中频或高频的影响。
优选的，在所述第四种工作模式中，所述第一调谐电路通过电感、电容或短路接地。
优选的，在所述第二种工作模式、第三种工作模式和第四种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第二调谐电路均通过电容或电容与电感的组合接地。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的天线模组能够通过单天线产生LTE低、中、高频谐振，实现低、中、高频的载波聚合，并通过4种工作模式，有针对地实现低、中、高频的性能增强。本发明提供的天线模组的调谐方法，通过在寄生支路串接电容，减小了寄生单元对低频的干扰，通过在馈电支路串接电感切换低频波段，减小了低频对中、高频的干扰，使得对低频的调谐和对中、高频的调谐相对独立，灵活方便。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本发明提供的移动终端的部分立体分解结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的天线模组应用于移动终端的结构示意图；
图3为本发明提供的第二调谐电路的拓扑结构图；
图4为本发明提供的第二调谐电路的另一拓扑结构图；
图5为本发明提供的第二调谐电路的另一拓扑结构图；
图6为本发明提供的天线模组处于第一种工作模式时的辐射效率仿真效果曲线图；
图7为本发明提供的天线模组处于第二种工作模式和第三种工作模式、第一调谐电路处于某一工作状态时的辐射效率仿真效果曲线图；
图8为对比天线模组的辐射效率仿真效果曲线图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图2所示，本发明提供了一种移动终端1，所述移动终端1可以为手机、平板电脑、多媒体播放器等，为便于理解，以下实施例以智手机为例进行描述。
所述移动终端1包括金属边框10、与所述金属边框10间隔设置的系统地20以及天线模组30。
所述金属边框10包括相对设置的两个长轴边框11和两个相对设置的短轴边框13。所述长轴边框11和所述短轴边框13依次连接围成所述金属边框10。其中，所述短轴边框13上设置有断缝138以及与所述系统地20连接的连接件90。
所述天线模组30包括形成于所述金属边框10的辐射主体31以及与所述辐射主体31耦合的寄生单元32。具体的，所述辐射主体31为所述金属边框10上位于所述连接件90和所述断缝138之间的部分。所述寄生单元32为与所述系统地20电连接的、呈条状的金属化图层。
所述天线模组30还包括与所述辐射主体31连接的馈电支路50、连接所述寄生单元32与系统地20的寄生支路40以及连接所述辐射主体31与所述系统地20的馈地支路60。所述寄生支路40和所述馈地支路60分设于所述馈电支路50的两侧。
所述天线模组30占用移动终端的空间很小，所述连接件90至所述辐射主体31远离所述连接件90的一端的距离不大于所述短轴边框13长度的2/3。这里所说的距离，是指沿所述短轴方向的距离。
另外，所述系统地20与所述短轴边框13间隔设置形成小净空区。具体地，所述净空区的宽度小于2毫米，所述宽度为所述系统地20指向所述短轴边框13的方向。
在所述天线模组30中，所述辐射主体31用于产生主谐振，所述寄生单元32用于产生寄生谐振。为了调谐主谐振，所述馈地支路60设有第一调谐电路80，为了调谐寄生谐振，所述寄生支路40设有第二调谐电路70。
所述天线模组30至少包括以下四种工作模式：
在第一种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路70固定于一种工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频；
在第二种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路70切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中频且在LTE中频的多个波段内切换；
在第三种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路70切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE高频且在LTE高频的多个波段内切换；
在第四种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80固定于一种工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，所述第二调谐电路70固定于一种工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频。
其中，在所述第一种工作模式、所述第二种工作模式和所述第三种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第一调谐电路80均通过电感接地，即通过切换电感值，使主谐振工作于不同的低频波段。
在所述第四种工作模式中，所述第一调谐电路80通过电感、电容或短路接地，即在此种模式下并不限制第一调谐电路80的构成，只要能将主谐振调谐至中、高频即可。
在所述第一种工作模式中，所述第二调谐电路70至少包括一小容值电容，所述小容值电容的容值小于0.8pF。在所述第二种工作模式、第三种工作模式和第四种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第二调谐电路70均通过电容或电容与电感的组合接地。
具体的，第二调谐电路70的具体可以为如图3-5所示。图3中，所述第二调谐电路70包括串接的可变电容C和电感L；图4中，第二调谐电路70具有4条支路，在不同的工作状态，导通不同的支路，每一支路上串接有电容C，有的支路上同时串接有电感L；图5中，与图4相同的是第二调谐电路70具有4条支路，在不同的工作状态，导通不同的支路，不同的是，在总路上串接有电容C，而支路上可以串接电容也可以没有电容。需要说明的是，图3-图5也仅是第二调谐电路70的3种实施例，本申请并不限制第二调谐电路70的拓扑结构，只要保证，在每种工作状态下，第二调谐电路70的导通电路里串接有电容即可。尤其，在上述第一种工作模式下，第二调谐电路70需要串接容值较小的电容，以减小寄生单元32对低频段的影响。这是因为，通常情况下，由于寄生单元32和系统地20之间的容性耦合效应会在一定程度上使低频谐振频率向更低频率偏移，低频辐射体的口径需要减小，从而导致低频性能下降。因此，在本申请中，为了克服寄生单元32对低频的影响，增强低频性能，在第二调谐电路70串接了电容，以减小寄生单元32对低频的干扰，实现天线低频性能的增强效果。该技术效果可以理解为，电容与寄生单元32和辐射主体31之间的耦合电容形成串联，从而减小对低频的干扰。
需要说明的是，本申请并不限制天线模组30在金属边框10上的位置，可以设置在短轴边框13上，也可以设置的长轴边框上。
本发明还提供一种天线模组的调谐方法。所述天线模组的结构如上文，在此不再赘述。
所述天线模组的调谐方法包括：
提供第一种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，且优先增强LTE低频性能；
提供第二种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE中频，且优选增强LTE中频性能；
提供第三种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE高频，且优先增强LTE高频性能；
提供第四种工作模式，所述主谐振和所述寄生谐振均覆盖LTE中、高频，以同时增强LTE中、高频性能。
通过提供上述四种工作模式，所述天线模组既可以实现LTE低、中、高频载波聚合，还可以在每一种工作模式下，实现在载波聚合的同时，增强某一频段的性能。
通常，由于LTE低、中、高频的频带较宽，单谐振难以在整个带宽内实现好的性能，因此，在上述工作模式中，通过控制第一调谐电路80和第二调谐电路70，以实现各个频段内的调谐。具体的，在所述第一种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路70固定于一种工作状态；在所述第二种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路70切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振在LTE中频的多个波段内切换；在所述第三种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路70切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振在LTE高频的多个波段内切换。
而为了同时增强中、高频，在所述第四种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路80固定于一种工作状态，所述第二调谐电路70固定于一种工作状态，使其均工作于中、高频。
进一步的，在所述第一种工作模式、所述第二种工作模式和所述第三种工作模式中，为了减小低频谐振的切换对中频或高频的影响，每一工作状态下的第一调谐电路80均通过电感接地。而在第四种工作模式下，并不限制第一调谐电路80为电感接地，其可通过电感、电容或短路接地，只要能将主谐振调谐至中、高频即可。
进一步的，在上述四种工作模式中，每种工作状态下，第二调谐电路70的导通电路里均串接有电容。尤其，在上述第一种工作模式下，第二调谐电路70需要串接容值较小的电容，以减小寄生单元32对低频段的影响，优选的容值小于0.8pF。这是因为，通常情况下，由于寄生单元32和系统地20之间的容性耦合效应会在一定程度上使低频谐振频率向更低频率偏移，低频辐射体的口径需要减小，从而导致低频性能下降。因此，在本申请中，为了克服寄生单元32对低频的影响，增强低频性能，在第二调谐电路70串接了电容，以减小寄生单元32对低频的干扰，实现天线低频性能的增强效果。该技术效果可以理解为，电容与寄生单元32和辐射主体31之间的耦合电容形成串联，从而减小对低频的干扰。在上述第二种工作模式、第三种工作模式和第四种工作模式中，并不限定第二调谐电路70串接小容值电容，可以通过稍大值的电容或电容与电感的组合接地。
根据上述调谐方法调谐的天线模组的性能请参阅图6-7。根据图6所示，当天线模组处于第一种工作模式时，第一调谐电路80处于4种工作状态（分别为状态1、状态2、状态3和状态4），主谐振相对应的产生4个低频谐振，寄生谐振产生中、高频谐振，且从曲线图可知在低频谐振切换的同时，中高频性能基本不变。根据图7所示，当天线模组处于第二种工作模式和第三种工作模式时，以第一调谐电路80处于某一种工作状态为例，第二调谐电路70处于4中工作状态（分别为状态1、状态2、状态3和状态4），主谐振产生低频谐振，寄生谐振产生中频和/或高频谐振，且相比于第一种工作模式，中、高频谐振性能更强。从图7的曲线图可知在中、高频谐振切换的同时，低频性能基本不变。
图8为一对比天线模组的辐射效率曲线图，所述对比天线模组与图7所述的天线模组一致，区别在于第二调谐电路70未串接电容，从曲线可以看出，当中、高频谐振切换时，对比天线模组的低频谐振出现明显偏移和性能恶化。
与相关技术相比，本发明提供的天线模组能够通过单天线产生LTE低、中、高频谐振，实现低、中、高频的载波聚合，并通过4种工作模式，有针对地实现低、中、高频的性能增强。本发明提供的天线模组的调谐方法，通过在寄生支路串接电容，减小了寄生单元对低频的干扰，通过在馈电支路串接电感切换低频波段，减小了低频对中、高频的干扰，使得对低频的调谐和对中、高频的调谐相对独立，灵活方便。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种天线模组，应用于移动终端，所述移动终端包括金属边框及与所述金属边框间隔设置的系统地；
    所述天线模组包括形成于所述金属边框的辐射主体和与所述辐射主体耦合的寄生单元，所述辐射主体用于产生主谐振，所述寄生单元用于产生寄生谐振；
    所述天线模组还包括串接于所述辐射主体与所述系统地之间的第一调谐电路和串接于所述寄生单元和所述系统地之间的第二调谐电路；
    其特征在于，
    所述天线模组至少包括四种工作模式：
    在第一种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，所述第二调谐电路至少包括一小容值电容，所述小容值电容的容值小于0.8pF；
    在第二种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中频且在LTE中频的多个波段内切换；
    在第三种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE低频且在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE高频且在LTE高频的多个波段内切换；
    在第四种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路固定于一种工作状态以使主谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态以使寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线模组，其特征在于，所述天线模组还包括电连接所述辐射主体与所述系统地的馈地支路和电连接所述寄生单元与所述系统地的寄生支路，所述第一调谐电路串接于所述馈地支路，所述第二调谐电路串接于所述寄生支路。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线模组，其特征在于，在所述第一种工作模式、所述第二种工作模式和所述第三种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第一调谐电路均通过电感接地。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的天线模组，其特征在于，在所述第四种工作模式中，所述第一调谐电路通过电感、电容或短路接地。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的天线模组，其特征在于，在所述第二种工作模式、第三种工作模式和第四种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第二调谐电路均通过电容或电容与电感的组合接地。
  6. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，所述移动终端包括权利要求1至5任一项所述的天线模组。
  7. 一种天线模组的调谐方法，所述天线模组应用于移动终端，所述移动终端包括金属边框及与所述金属边框间隔设置的系统地；
    所述天线模组包括形成于所述金属边框的辐射主体和与所述辐射主体耦合的寄生单元，所述辐射主体用于产生主谐振，所述寄生单元用于产生寄生谐振；
    所述天线模组还包括串接于所述辐射主体与所述系统地之间的第一调谐电路和串接于所述寄生单元和所述系统地之间的第二调谐电路；
    其特征在于，
    所述天线模组的调谐方法包括：
    提供第一种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE中、高频，相比于LTE中、高频，优先增强LTE低频性能；
    提供第二种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE中频，相比于LTE低频，优选增强LTE中频性能；
    提供第三种工作模式，所述主谐振覆盖LTE低频，所述寄生谐振覆盖LTE高频，相比于LTE低频，优先增强LTE高频性能；
    提供第四种工作模式，所述主谐振和所述寄生谐振均覆盖LTE中、高频，以同时增强LTE中、高频性能。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线模组的调谐方法，其特征在于，
    在所述第一种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态，所述第二调谐电路至少包括一小容值电容以减小中、高频对低频的影响，所述小容值电容的容值小于0.8pF；
    在所述第二种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振在LTE中频的多个波段内切换；
    在所述第三种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使主谐振在LTE低频的多个波段内切换，所述第二调谐电路切换于多个工作状态以使寄生谐振在LTE高频的多个波段内切换；
    在所述第四种工作模式，所述第一调谐电路固定于一种工作状态，所述第二调谐电路固定于一种工作状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线模组的调谐方法，其特征在于，在所述第一种工作模式、所述第二种工作模式和所述第三种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第一调谐电路均通过电感接地，以减小低频对中频或高频的影响。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的天线模组的调谐方法，其特征在于，在所述第四种工作模式中，所述第一调谐电路通过电感、电容或短路接地。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的天线模组的调谐方法，其特征在于，在所述第二种工作模式、第三种工作模式和第四种工作模式中，每一工作状态下的第二调谐电路均通过电容或电容与电感的组合接地。
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