Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
  • C07K16/24—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against cytokines, lymphokines or interferons
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
  • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
  • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/505—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/54—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the route of administration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K2039/545—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
  • C07K2317/21—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin from primates, e.g. man
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
  • C07K2317/24—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin containing regions, domains or residues from different species, e.g. chimeric, humanized or veneered
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
  • C07K2317/33—Crossreactivity, e.g. for species or epitope, or lack of said crossreactivity
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
  • C07K2317/52—Constant or Fc region; Isotype
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
  • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
  • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
  • C07K2317/565—Complementarity determining region [CDR]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
  • C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
  • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
  • C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value

Definitions

• the present invention relates to antibodies against human CXCL1 or antibody fragments thereof, and uses thereof.
• Cancer is a disease that affects a wide range of organs, and is a disease that affects many people around the world.
• Cancer treatment methods generally include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy (including anticancer agents comprising antibodies). Particularly in the case of solid tumors, surgical excision is most effective as a radical treatment, and treatment with anticancer agents is often used as an adjuvant before and after excision.
• Many anticancer agents effective against various cancers have been put on the market and used for treatment.
• anti-cancer drugs have been used, such as those that release immunosuppressive effects to activate immune cells and exert anti-tumor effects, and those that suppress intratumoral angiogenesis and exert anti-tumor effects. Much attention has been paid to the development of antitumor agents with different mechanisms of action from the conventional antitumor activity that directly inhibits .
• TME tumor microenvironment
• TME refers to an environment favorable to tumors, which is formed when cancer cells and stromal cells/stromal components mix and influence each other in tumor tissue. It is becoming clear that it plays a major role in tumor growth and drug resistance mechanisms (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Therefore, altering TME is thought to lead to inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and tumor exacerbation, and development of anti-tumor agents focusing on TME formation is underway.
• BM-MSCs bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
• BM-MSCs bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
• the extracellular matrix serves as a scaffolding for cancer cell proliferation as well as a barrier to existing chemotherapeutic agents that directly target cancer cells. Therefore, it is believed that excluding BM-MSCs involved in TME formation from TME can contribute to tumor growth suppression and the success of chemotherapeutic agents (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3).
• TME tumor microenvironment
• the present invention has been made in consideration of the above situation, and provides the following anti-human CXCL1 antibodies and antibody fragments thereof, their uses (pharmaceutical compositions, etc.), and the like.
• an antibody against human CXCL1 (a) the amino acid sequences of the complementarity determining region (CDR) 1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the heavy chain variable region (VH) are, respectively, consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3 and 4, or the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2, 34 and 4, and wherein the amino acid sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the light chain variable region (VL) are, respectively, in order , consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOS: 6, 7 and 8; (b) the amino acid sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VH are, respectively, in order consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOS: 10, 11 and 12, and wherein the amino acid sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of VL are, respectively, in order the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 14, 15 and 16; the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs:
• an antibody against human CXCL1 (a) the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region (VH) consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 33, and the amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region (VL) consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5; consisting of (b) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, 35, 37 or 39, or (c) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 17, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59 or 61, and the amino acid sequence of VL is consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 21, said antibody.
• an antibody against human CXCL1 (a) the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region (VH) consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 68 or 69, and the amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region (VL) is shown in SEQ ID NO: 70 or 71; consisting of an amino acid sequence, (b) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 72 or 73, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 74 or 75; (c) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 76 or 77, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 78 or 79, or (d) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 25, 63 or 65, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 29 or 67
• an antibody against human CXCL1 (a) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 68, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 70; (b) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 72, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 74; (c) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 76, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 78, or (d) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 63, and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 67; said antibody.
• [6] The antibody of any one of [1], [2], [4] and [5] above, wherein the antibody is a human antibody.
• the tumor consists of human gastric cancer, human pancreatic cancer, human breast cancer, human lung cancer, human skin cancer, human ovarian cancer, human colon cancer, human bladder cancer, human liver cancer, human esophageal cancer, prostate cancer and human biliary cancer
• the antibody according to any one of [7] to [9] above, which is at least one selected from the group.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody according to any one of [1] to [12] above and/or the antibody fragment according to [13] above.
• the tumor consists of human gastric cancer, human pancreatic cancer, human breast cancer, human lung cancer, human skin cancer, human ovarian cancer, human colon cancer, human bladder cancer, human liver cancer, human esophageal cancer, prostate cancer and human biliary cancer
• [19] further comprising at least one or more selected from the group consisting of a compound having antitumor activity, a compound having cell-killing activity, and an immune checkpoint inhibitor, or used in combination with at least one or more;
• the antibody according to any one of [1] to [12] above, and/or the antibody fragment according to [13] above, or any one of [14] to [19] above A method of treating or preventing a tumor, comprising administering to a subject a pharmaceutical composition of
• the tumor consists of human gastric cancer, human pancreatic cancer, human breast cancer, human lung cancer, human skin cancer, human ovarian cancer, human colon cancer, human bladder cancer, human liver cancer, human esophageal cancer, prostate cancer and human biliary cancer
• the human gastric cancer is scirrhous gastric cancer.
• [25] administering the antibody according to any one of [1] to [12] above, and/or the antibody fragment according to [13] above, or the pharmaceutical composition according to [20] above to a subject A method of inhibiting or suppressing migration of CXCR2-expressing cells, comprising: [26] A kit for treating, preventing or diagnosing a tumor, comprising the antibody of any one of [1] to [12] above and/or the antibody fragment of [13] above. [27] The kit of [26] above, wherein the tumor is accompanied by stromal proliferation.
• the tumor consists of human gastric cancer, human pancreatic cancer, human breast cancer, human lung cancer, human skin cancer, human ovarian cancer, human colon cancer, human bladder cancer, human liver cancer, human esophageal cancer, prostate cancer and human biliary cancer
• Human CXCL and/or mouse CXCL and glucosaminoglycan (GAG) comprising the antibody according to any one of [1] to [12] above and/or the antibody fragment according to [13] above ) binding inhibitor or binding inhibitor.
• the human CXCL includes, but is not limited to, human CXCL1, human CXCL2, human CXCL3, and human CXCL5, and the mouse CXCL includes, but is not limited to, mouse CXCL1.
• anti-human CXCL1 antibodies and fragments thereof capable of inducing changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as inhibition or suppression of formation of the TME, can be provided.
• TME tumor microenvironment
• the anti-human CXCL1 antibodies and fragments thereof of the present invention are useful, for example, in that they have antitumor activity and can be used for treatment, prevention, and the like of tumors.
• pharmaceutical compositions, kits, and the like containing the anti-human CXCL1 antibody or fragment thereof can be provided.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of an antibody antitumor activity test.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of a CXCR2-expressing cell migration inhibitory activity test of antibodies.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of an antibody antitumor activity test.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of a CXCR2-expressing cell migration inhibitory activity test of antibodies.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of an antibody antitumor activity test.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of a CXCR2-expressing cell migration inhibitory activity test of antibodies.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of antibody efficacy evaluation in an OCUM-2MLN orthotopic transplantation model.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of a CXCR2-expressing cell migration inhibitory activity test using a CXCR2 inhibitor (Navarixin).
• FIG. 2 shows the results of an antitumor activity test using a CXCR2 inhibitor (Navarixin).
• FIG. 2 shows the results of antigen-binding activity tests of human and humanized antibodies.
• FIG. 2 shows the results of antigen-neutralizing activity tests of human and humanized antibodies.
• FIG. 2 shows the results of antigen-neutralizing activity tests of human and humanized antibodies.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of a migration inhibitory activity test of human antibodies and humanized antibodies (Hu4A-2F7, Hu5A-5E11, ADLib#028-8-12) against CXCR2-expressing cells in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation prevention model.
• FIG. 1 shows the results of an antitumor activity test using a CXCR2 inhibitor (Navarixin).
• FIG. 2 shows the results of antigen-binding activity tests of human and humanized antibodies.
• FIG. 2 shows the results of antigen-neutralizing activity tests of human and humanized antibodies.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of a migration
• FIG. 3 shows the results of antitumor activity tests of human antibodies and humanized antibodies (Hu4A-2F7, Hu5A-5E11, ADLib#028-8-12) in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation prevention model.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of a migration inhibitory activity test of a humanized antibody (Hu1A-7H10) on CXCR2-expressing cells in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation prevention model.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of an antitumor activity test of a humanized antibody (Hu1A-7H10) in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation prevention model.
• FIG. 10 shows the results of a dose-response test of humanized antibody Hu5A-5E11 on the migration inhibitory activity of CXCR2-expressing cells in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation prevention model.
• FIG. 3 shows the results of dose-response tests of antitumor activity of humanized antibody Hu5A-5E11 in OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation prevention model.
• FIG. 4 shows the results of a dose-response test of the humanized antibody Hu5A-5E11 on the migration inhibitory activity of CXCR2-expressing cells in the OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation model.
• FIG. 4 shows the results of an anti-tumor activity dose-response study of humanized antibody Hu5A-5E11 in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation model.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of evaluating the binding inhibitory activity of Hu5A-5E11 between CXCLs and heparin by ELISA.
• FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of evaluating the binding inhibitory activity of Hu5A-5E11 between CXCLs and heparan sulfate by ELISA.
• CXCL1 (CXC motif chemokine ligand 1) is a member of the CXC family and is also known as keratinocyte-derived chemokines (KC) or growth-related oncogene (GRO). ing. CXCL1 is expressed by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells, is also known to be upregulated in several types of human cancer, and is specific for the CXC chemokine receptor CXCR2 (CXC Motif Chemokine Receptor 2). bind to CXC motif chemokine ligand 1.
• CXC motif chemokine ligand 1 is a member of the CXC family and is also known as keratinocyte-derived chemokines (KC) or growth-related oncogene (GRO). ing. CXCL1 is expressed by macrophages, neutrophils and epithelial cells, is also known to be upregulated in several types of human cancer, and is specific for the CXC chemokine receptor CX
• the present invention is an antibody (anti-HuCXCL1 antibody) against human CXCL1 (HuCXCL1) or an antibody fragment thereof, which can bind to HuCXCL1 as well as other human CXC family members.
• the present invention provides the amino acid sequences of the complementarity determining regions (CDR) 1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the heavy chain variable region (VH) and light chain variable region (VL), or the VH and the amino acid sequence of the entire VL is characterized by consisting of a specific sequence.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody and antibody fragment thereof according to the present invention can induce changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), inhibit or suppress the formation of TME, and have antitumor activity.
• TME tumor microenvironment
• BM-MSCs bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
• Signal transduction between CXCL1 released from cancer cells and tumor sites and CXCR2 expressed in BM-MSCs plays an important role in the migration of BM-MSCs to tumor sites.
• Anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies and antibody fragments thereof according to the present invention specifically recognize CXCL1 released from cancer cells and tumors, thereby inhibiting signal transduction between CXCL1 and CXCR2, leading to tumors of BM-MSCs. migration is inhibited or suppressed (ie, TME formation is inhibited or suppressed). As a result, the anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies and antibody fragments thereof according to the present invention have antitumor effects.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody according to the present invention has been screened from about 10,000 anti-HuCXCL1 antibody clones as having the above-described anti-tumor effect after repeated various experiments and studies. is.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody and antibody fragment thereof according to the present invention are useful and highly practical in the treatment, prevention, etc. of tumors (especially tumors accompanied by stromal proliferation).
• Antibody against HuCXCL1 (anti-HuCXCL1 antibody)
• Antigen preparation Information on the amino acid sequence of HuCXCL1 (SEQ ID NO: 81) is published on the Uniprot website (https://www.uniprot.org/) as “Primary (citable) accession number: P09341,” for example. Alternatively, it is published on the NCBI (GenBank) website (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) as “Accession number: AAP35526”.
• Information on the nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO: 80) encoding the amino acid sequence of HuCXCL1 is published on the website of NCBI (GenBank) as "Accession number: BT006880".
• a polypeptide or peptide (also simply referred to as a peptide) containing at least a portion (all or part) of the amino acid sequence of HuCXCL1 can be used.
• Peptides to be used as antigens may be produced by chemical synthesis or by genetic engineering techniques using Escherichia coli or the like, and methods well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
• the peptide is chemically synthesized, it can be synthesized by a well-known method for peptide synthesis.
• solid-phase synthesis method and liquid-phase synthesis method can be applied.
• a commercially available peptide synthesizer for example, Shimadzu: PSSM-8, etc. may be used.
• a recombinant vector for protein expression is obtained by ligating the DNA to an appropriate vector, and a transformant is obtained by introducing this recombinant vector into a host so that the target gene can be expressed (molecular cloning). 4th Ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (2012)).
• Phages or plasmids that can autonomously grow in host microorganisms are used as vectors. Furthermore, animal virus and insect virus vectors can also be used.
• Recombinant vectors can be prepared by cleaving the purified DNA with an appropriate restriction enzyme, inserting it into an appropriate restriction enzyme site of the vector DNA, and ligating it into the vector.
• the host used for transformation is not particularly limited as long as it can express the gene of interest. Examples include bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, etc.), yeast, animal cells (COS cells, CHO cells, etc.), insect cells or insects. Mammals such as goats can also be used as hosts. Methods for introducing recombinant vectors into hosts are known. Then, the transformant is cultured, and a peptide to be used as an antigen is collected from the culture. "Culture” means either (a) culture supernatant, (b) cultured cells or cultured cells, or disrupted products thereof.
• the peptide is extracted by disrupting the fungus or cells.
• the culture solution is used as it is, or the bacterial cells or cells are removed by centrifugation or the like.
• a general biochemical method used for peptide isolation and purification such as ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, etc., alone or in combination as appropriate, the peptide of interest is isolated. It can be isolated and purified.
• a peptide serving as an antigen can also be obtained by in vitro translation using a cell-free synthesis system.
• two methods can be used: a method using RNA as a template and a method using DNA as a template (transcription/translation).
• a cell-free synthesis system a commercially available system such as the Expressway TM system (Invitrogen), PURESYSTEM (registered trademark; Post Genome Research Institute), TNT system (registered trademark; Promega) and the like can be used.
• the peptides obtained as described above can be conjugated to suitable carrier proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), human thyroglobulin, chicken gamma globulin and the like.
• BSA bovine serum albumin
• KLH keyhole limpet hemocyanin
• human thyroglobulin chicken gamma globulin and the like.
• the antigen may also be a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acids are deleted, substituted or added in the amino acid sequence of HuCXCL1 (SEQ ID NO: 81) or the partial sequence thereof described above.
• one or more (preferably one or several (eg, 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5)) amino acids in the amino acid sequence of HuCXCL1 or a partial sequence thereof are deleted.
• one or more (preferably one or several (eg, 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5)) amino acids are substituted with other amino acids, or one or more ( Peptides consisting of an amino acid sequence to which preferably one or several (eg, 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5) other amino acids have been added can also be used.
• Genes to be introduced into cells and the like include genes encoding the HuCXCL1 protein, partial fragments thereof, or mutant proteins or fragments thereof.
• a gene for example, one having the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 80 or a partial sequence thereof can be used.
• a gene to be introduced into a cell or the like a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein that hybridizes under stringent conditions with a sequence complementary to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 80 and has the same activity as HuCXCL1 , or subsequences thereof.
• stringent conditions refers to conditions for washing after hybridization, in which the salt (sodium) concentration of the buffer is 10 to 500 mM and the temperature is 42°C to 72°C. Concentration is 50-300mM and temperature is 55-68°C.
• Mutations can be introduced into genes by known methods such as the Kunkel method and the gapped duplex method, using a mutagenesis kit using site-directed mutagenesis, such as the GeneTailor TM Site-Directed Mutagenesis System (manufactured by Invitrogen). , Takara Site-Directed Mutagenesis System (Mutan-K, Mutan-Super Express Km, etc.: manufactured by Takara Bio Inc.).
• the prepared antigen is administered to mammals for immunization.
• Mammals are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include rats, mice and rabbits, with mice being preferred.
• the dose of the antigen per animal can be appropriately set depending on the presence or absence of an adjuvant.
• Adjuvants include complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA), incomplete Freund's adjuvant (FIA), aluminum hydroxide adjuvant and the like. Immunization can be performed mainly by intravenous, footpad, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection.
• the interval between immunizations is not particularly limited, and immunization is performed 1 to 10 times, preferably 2 to 3 times, at intervals of several days to several weeks, preferably one week.
• the antibody titer is measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA) or radioimmunoassay (RIA), etc., and blood is collected on the day when the desired antibody titer is shown. , antisera can be obtained.
• ELISA or EIA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
• RIA radioimmunoassay
• blood is collected on the day when the desired antibody titer is shown.
• antisera can be obtained.
• known methods such as ammonium sulfate salting-out method, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography, etc. are appropriately selected, or these are used. It can be refined by combining. After that, the reactivity of the polyclonal antibody in the antiserum is measured by ELISA or the like.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is preferably, but not limited to, a monoclonal antibody.
• the prepared antigen is administered to mammals such as rats, mice and rabbits for immunization.
• the dose of the antigen per animal can be appropriately set depending on the presence or absence of an adjuvant.
• Adjuvants are the same as above.
• the immunization technique is also the same as described above.
• Antibody-producing cells include spleen cells, lymph node cells, peripheral blood cells, and the like, with lymph node cells and spleen cells being particularly preferred.
• (3-2) Cell fusion Antibody-producing cells and myeloma cells are fused to obtain hybridomas (antibody-producing cell lines).
• hybridomas antibody-producing cell lines.
• myeloma cells to be fused with antibody-producing cells commonly available cell lines of animals such as mice can be used.
• the cell line used has drug selectivity and cannot survive in a HAT selection medium (including hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine) in an unfused state, and can survive only in a state fused with antibody-producing cells.
• HAT selection medium including hypoxanthine, aminopterin and thymidine
• Myeloma cells include, for example, P3-X63-Ag8.653, P3-X63-Ag8(X63), P3-X63-Ag8.U1(P3U1), P3/NS I/1-Ag4-1(NS1) and Sp2 mouse myeloma cell lines such as /0-Ag14 (Sp2/0).
• Myeloma cells can be selected by appropriately considering compatibility with antibody-producing cells.
• the myeloma cells and the antibody-producing cells are fused.
• Cell fusion is performed by combining 1 ⁇ 10 6 to 1 ⁇ 10 7 cells/mL antibody-producing cells and 2 ⁇ 10 5 to 2 ⁇ 10 6 cells in animal cell media such as serum-free DMEM and RPMI-1640 medium. /mL of myeloma cells.
• the cell ratio of antibody-producing cells to myeloma cells is not limited, but is generally preferably 1:1 to 10:1, more preferably 3:1.
• a fusion reaction is performed in the presence of a cell fusion promoter.
• polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 1,000 to 6,000 daltons (D) can be used.
• antibody-producing cells and myeloma cells can be fused using a commercially available cell fusion device that utilizes electrical stimulation (eg, electroporation).
• hybridomas are selected from the cells after the cell fusion treatment.
• the cell suspension is appropriately diluted in, for example, fetal bovine serum-containing RPMI-1640 medium, etc., seeded on a microtiter plate, a selective medium is added to each well, and then the selective medium is replaced appropriately. Cultivate.
• hybridoma cells can be obtained from around 14 days after the start of culturing in the selective medium.
• the culture supernatant of the grown hybridomas is screened for the presence of an antibody that reacts with HuCXCL1. Screening of hybridomas may be performed according to conventional methods, and is not particularly limited.
• a portion of the culture supernatant contained in wells grown as hybridomas can be collected and screened by ELISA, EIA, RIA and the like. Cloning of fused cells can be performed by a limiting dilution method or the like. Antibodies that exhibit strong reactivity with HuCXCL1 are determined by flow cytometry or the like, hybridomas that produce them are selected, and clones are established.
• a conventional cell culture method, ascites formation method, or the like can be employed as a method for culturing the established hybridoma and collecting the monoclonal antibody from the resulting culture.
• culturing is meant growing hybridomas in culture dishes or culture bottles, or growing hybridomas intraperitoneally in animals as described below.
• hybridomas are cultured in an animal cell culture medium such as RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, MEM medium, or serum-free medium under normal culture conditions (e.g., 37°C, 5% CO 2 concentration). After culturing for 7 to 14 days, antibodies can be obtained from the culture supernatant.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is preferably an antibody having, for example, antitumor activity.
• anti-tumor activity means an activity to kill tumor cells (cancer cells) or an activity to inhibit tumor growth.
• Antitumor activity preferably includes, for example, cancer cell proliferation inhibitory activity and tumor angiogenesis inhibitory activity.
• the types of human tumors (tumor cells) on which the antibody of the present invention can exert antitumor activity include various known human tumors in which HuCXCL1 expression has been confirmed, and are not particularly limited, but are preferably , is a tumor with stromal hyperplasia.
• the human tumors include human gastric cancer, human pancreatic cancer, human breast cancer, human lung cancer, human skin cancer, human ovarian cancer, human colon cancer, human bladder cancer, human liver cancer, human esophageal cancer, and prostate cancer. and human biliary tract cancer, preferably one or more of various human tumors, more preferably human gastric cancer, and particularly preferably scirrhous gastric cancer.
• the types of tumors described above may be recurrent cancers or metastatic cancers, and the antibodies of the present invention can exhibit excellent antitumor activity against these tumors as well.
• In vivo antitumor activity can be confirmed by, for example, using a tumor-bearing mouse subcutaneously implanted with desired tumor cells (tumor-bearing animal treatment model), and administering the antibody obtained as described above to this mouse. It can be done by In this case, the administration of the antibody may be performed immediately after transplantation of the tumor cells (prevention model) or after confirming that the tumor has reached a predetermined volume before transplantation (treatment model). The administration method is not limited, but for example, once every 3 days, 1 week, 10 days or 2 weeks, or once (once only), 5 to 20 mg/kg body weight may be administered intraperitoneally. can.
• the presence and level of antitumor activity can be evaluated based on tumor formation frequency and tumor volume.
• the presence and level of antitumor activity can be evaluated by tumor volume.
• Anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies in the present invention include, for example, (a) the amino acid sequences of the complementarity determining region (CDR) 1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the heavy chain variable region (VH) are, respectively, The amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3 and 4, or the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2, 34 and 4 (preferably the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2, 34 and 4) and the amino acid sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the light chain variable region (VL) are, respectively, in order: Antibodies consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 6, 7 and 8, (b) the amino acid sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of the VH are, respectively, in order consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOS: 10, 11 and 12, and wherein the amino acid sequences of CDR1, CDR2 and CDR3 of VL are, respectively, in order the amino acid sequences shown
• Anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies in the present invention also preferably include antibodies (anti-HuCXCL1 monoclonal antibodies) produced by the aforementioned deposited hybridomas.
• the epitope (antigenic determinant) of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody in the present invention may be at least a partial region of the antigen HuCXCL1.
• An anti-HuCXCL1 antibody that recognizes the region (binds to the region or a portion containing the region) is useful, for example, because it can more effectively exhibit the properties of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody as described below.
• the present invention also includes antibodies that can bind to the epitope region that is bound (recognized) by the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is an antibody having anti-tumor activity, and is preferably an antibody that exhibits tumor growth inhibitory activity in tumor-bearing animal models, for example. .
• the tumor growth inhibitory activity is preferably demonstrated at a lower dose, for example, 20 mg/kg body weight or less (preferably 10 mg/kg body weight or less, more preferably 5 mg/kg body weight or less for tumor-bearing animal models). , more preferably 1 mg/kg body weight or less).
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is preferably an antibody that has migration inhibitory or suppressive activity for cells expressing CXCR2 (specifically, BM-MSC, etc.).
• the migration inhibitory or suppressive activity (%) of CXCR2-expressing cells can be calculated, for example, by the following formula.
• Migration inhibitory or inhibitory activity (%) 100 - [(number of migrated cells in antibody-administered group per unit area) / (number of migrated cells in control group per unit area)] x 100
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention preferably has a dissociation constant (Kd value) of, but not limited to, 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10 M or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 11 M or less, and even more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 11 M or less. is 1.0 ⁇ 10 -12 M or less.
• the binding ability (affinity) of an antibody can be determined by, for example, Scatchard analysis or a surface plasmon resonance sensor called Biacore, which is a dissociation constant (Kd value), a dissociation rate constant (Kdiss [1/Sec]), a binding rate It can be measured as a constant (Kass [1/M.Sec]).
• Biacore devices include, for example, Biacore 3000, Biacore 2000, Biacore X, Biacore J, and Biacore Q (all from Biacore).
• An antibody with a smaller dissociation constant (Kd value) is preferable because it has a higher binding ability (affinity).
• a preferred embodiment of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is a genetically engineered antibody.
• genetically modified antibodies include, but are not limited to, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies (humanized antibodies), and human antibodies (fully human antibodies).
• a chimeric antibody that is, a human chimeric antibody
• a chimeric antibody is an antibody in which a mouse-derived antibody variable region is linked (joined) to a human-derived constant region (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 6851-6855, (1984). ), etc.), and chimeras can be readily constructed by genetic recombination techniques to obtain such linked antibodies.
• CDRs complementarity determining regions
• FR framework regions
• CDR transplantation CDR transplantation
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody according to the present invention as a chimeric antibody is, for example, (a) the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region (VH) consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 33, and the amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region (VL) consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5; an antibody consisting of (b) an antibody in which the VH amino acid sequence consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9 and the VL amino acid sequence consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, 35, 37 or 39; (c) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 17, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59 or 61, and the amino acid sequence of VL is An antibody consisting of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:21 is preferably included.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody according to the present invention as a humanized antibody is, for example, (a) the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region (VH) consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 68 or 69 (preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 68), and the light chain variable region (VL ) has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 70 or 71 (preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 70), (b) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 72 or 73 (preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 72), and the amino acid sequence of VL consists of SEQ ID NO: 74 or 75; an antibody consisting of the amino acid sequence shown (preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 74); (c) the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 76 or 77 (preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 76
• Human antibodies (fully human antibodies) generally have the same structures as human antibodies in terms of the antigen-binding site of the V region, the Hyper Variable region, other parts of the V region, and the constant region. be. However, hypervariable regions may be derived from other animals. Techniques for producing human antibodies are also known, and methods for producing gene sequences common to humans by genetic engineering techniques have been established. Human antibodies are obtained, for example, by a method using human antibody-producing mice having human chromosome fragments containing human antibody H chain and L chain genes (Tomizuka, K. et al., Nature Genetics, (1977) 16, 133- 143; Kuroiwa, Y.et.al., Nuc.
• human antibodies were produced (and purified ) antibodies can also be used.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody according to the present invention as a human antibody is, for example,
• the amino acid sequence of VH consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 25, 63 or 65 (preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 63), and the amino acid sequence of VL is shown in SEQ ID NO: 29 or 67.
• an antibody consisting of the amino acid sequence preferably the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 67).
• the N-glycoside-linked complex-type sugar chain in the antibody Fc region is a sugar chain in which fucose is not bound to N-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end of the sugar chain.
• a recombinant antibody having, in the Fc region of the antibody molecule, a sugar chain in which position 1 of fucose is not ⁇ -bonded to position 6 of N-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end of N-glycoside-linked complex-type sugar chain
• Antibodies consisting of molecules are mentioned.
• Such an antibody can improve ADCC activity.
• This point characteristics of N-glycoside-linked complex-type sugar chains in the antibody Fc region
• Antibody fragment A fragment (partial fragment) of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is also included in the antibody of the present invention.
• the antibody fragment of the present invention like the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention, has a binding activity to HuCXCL1 (that is, one that can bind to HuCXCL1), and is preferably a CXCR2-expressing cell as described above. It has migration inhibitory or suppressive activity and, in turn, antitumor activity.
• the fragment of the antibody means a partial region of the anti-HuCXCL1 polyclonal antibody or anti-HuCXCL1 monoclonal antibody (that is, an antibody fragment derived from the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention), for example, Fab, Fab', F(ab' ) 2 , Fv (variable fragment of antibody), single-chain antibody (H chain, L chain, H chain V region, L chain V region, etc.), scFv, diabody (scFv dimer), dsFv (disulfide-stabilized V regions), and peptides containing at least a portion of complementarity determining regions (CDRs).
• Fab fragment derived from the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention
• Fv variable fragment of antibody
• single-chain antibody H chain, L chain, H chain V region, L chain V region, etc.
• scFv diabody
• dsFv disulfide-stabilized V regions
• Fab is a fragment obtained by treating an antibody molecule with the proteolytic enzyme papain. About half of the N-terminal side of the H chain and the entire L chain are bound by disulfide bonds. It has an antigen-binding activity with a molecular weight of about 50,000. It is an antibody fragment.
• a DNA encoding the Fab of the antibody may be inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector or a eukaryotic expression vector, and the vector may be introduced into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism for expression to produce Fab.
• F(ab') 2 is a fragment obtained by treating an antibody molecule with a proteolytic enzyme pepsin, and has a molecular weight of about 100,000. It is an active antibody fragment. In addition, it can also be prepared by forming a thioether bond or a disulfide bond with Fab, which will be described later.
• Fab' is an antibody fragment having a molecular weight of about 50,000 and having antigen-binding activity, which is obtained by cleaving the disulfide bond in the hinge region of F(ab') 2 .
• a DNA encoding an antibody Fab' fragment is inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector or a eukaryotic expression vector, and the vector is introduced into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic organism for expression to produce Fab'.
• the scFv is VH-P-VL or VL-P-VH, in which one heavy chain variable region (VH) and one light chain variable region (VL) are linked using an appropriate peptide linker (P).
• scFv is obtained by obtaining cDNAs encoding the VH and VL of an antibody, constructing a DNA encoding the scFv, inserting the DNA into a prokaryotic expression vector or a eukaryotic expression vector, and inserting the expression vector into a prokaryotic expression vector. It can be expressed and produced by introduction into an organism or eukaryote.
• a diabody is an antibody fragment in which scFv is dimerized and has bivalent antigen-binding activity.
• the bivalent antigen binding activities can be the same or one can be a different antigen binding activity.
• cDNAs encoding antibody VH and VL are obtained, scFv-encoding DNA is constructed so that the length of the P amino acid sequence is 8 residues or less, and the DNA is used as a prokaryotic expression vector. Alternatively, it can be produced by inserting it into an expression vector for eukaryotes and expressing it by introducing the expression vector into prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
• a dsFv is a polypeptide obtained by substituting one amino acid residue in each of VH and VL with a cysteine residue and binding them via a disulfide bond between the cysteine residues.
• Amino acid residues to be substituted with cysteine residues can be selected based on antibody tertiary structure prediction according to the method described by Reiter et al. (Protein Engineering, 7, 697-704, 1994).
• dsFv cDNA encoding VH and VL of an antibody is obtained, DNA encoding dsFv is constructed, the DNA is inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector or a eukaryotic expression vector, and the expression vector is prokaryotic. It can be expressed and produced by introduction into an organism or eukaryote.
• Peptides containing CDRs are composed of at least one region of VH CDRs (CDR1-3) and VL CDRs (CDR1-3), and include all VH CDRs and all VL CDRs. Those containing all of the VH and VL CDRs (6 regions in total) are particularly preferred.
• the amino acid sequences of CDRs preferably include various amino acid sequences of CDRs 1 to 3 of VH and VL described above. Peptides containing multiple CDRs can be linked directly or via suitable peptide linkers.
• Peptides containing CDRs are obtained by constructing DNA encoding the CDRs of the VH and VL of the antibody, inserting the DNA into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression vector, and converting the expression vector into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression vector. It can be produced by being expressed by introduction into an organism. Peptides containing CDRs can also be produced by chemical synthesis methods such as the Fmoc method (fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl method) and the tBoc method (t-butyloxycarbonyl method).
• an antibody Fc region or a It may be an antibody fragment containing the entire antibody fragment and the N-glycoside-linked complex-type sugar chain described above is a sugar chain in which fucose is not linked to N-acetylglucosamine at the reducing end of the sugar chain, the antibody Fc region It may be a fusion protein with part or all.
• Such an antibody fragment is preferable because it can dramatically improve ADCC activity.
• the antibody fragments described above are also included in the anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies of the present invention.
• polynucleotides (genes, DNA) encoding the above-described anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies or antibody fragments thereof of the present invention can also be provided.
• the polynucleotide is preferably a polynucleotide containing a base sequence encoding each of the amino acid sequences exemplified for the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody or antibody fragment of the present invention described above.
• polynucleotide of the present invention may consist of only a polynucleotide encoding the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody or antibody fragment of the present invention, or may contain the polynucleotide as a part thereof, and additionally contain the polynucleotide necessary for gene expression. It may also contain known nucleotide sequences (transcription promoter, SD sequence, Kozak sequence, terminator, etc.), and is not limited.
• codons corresponding to individual amino acids after translation are not particularly limited, and are commonly used in mammals such as humans after transcription. It may contain nucleotide DNA showing codons (preferably frequently used codons), or codons commonly used in microorganisms such as E. coli and yeast, plants etc. (preferably frequently used codons) (high codons).
• a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide of the present invention and a transformant containing the recombinant vector can be provided.
• the polynucleotide (gene, DNA) to be incorporated into the expression vector used as the recombinant vector may, if necessary, have an upstream transcription promoter, SD sequence (when the host is a prokaryotic cell) and Kozak sequence (when the host is a eukaryotic cell). case) may be ligated, or a terminator may be ligated downstream, and an enhancer, a splicing signal, a poly-A addition signal, a selection marker, or the like may also be ligated.
• Each element necessary for gene expression, such as the above-mentioned transcription promoter may be contained in the polynucleotide from the beginning, or when originally contained in the expression vector, it may be used. is not particularly limited.
• Expression vectors include, for example, plasmid DNA, bacteriophage DNA, retrotransposon DNA, retroviral vectors, artificial chromosome DNA, and polynucleotides (genes, DNA) encoding the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention or antibody fragments thereof. There is no limitation as long as it can be retained, and a vector suitable for the host cell to be used can be appropriately selected and used.
• the constructed recombinant vector is introduced into a host to obtain a transformant, which is then cultured to express the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody or antibody fragment thereof of the present invention.
• transformant as used in the present invention means a host into which a foreign gene has been introduced. It also includes those into which a foreign gene has been introduced by infecting the host with various viruses and phages (transduction).
• the host is not limited as long as it can express the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody or antibody fragment thereof of the present invention after introduction of the above-described recombinant vector, and can be appropriately selected.
• Known hosts such as various animal cells such as mice, various plant cells, bacteria, yeast, and plant cells can be mentioned.
• animal cells for example, human fibroblasts, human embryonic kidney cells, HEK293 cells, 293F cells, CHO cells, monkey cell COS-7, Vero, mouse L cells, rat GH3, human FL cells, etc. Used. Insect cells such as Sf9 cells and Sf21 cells can also be used.
• bacteria for example, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and the like are used.
• yeast is used as a host, for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, etc. are used.
• plant cells are used as hosts, tobacco BY-2 cells and the like are used, for example.
• the method for obtaining a transformant is not limited, and can be appropriately selected in consideration of the combination of the types of host and expression vector. Examples include electroporation, lipofection, heat shock, PEG, Preferable examples include the calcium phosphate method, the DEAE dextran method, and methods of infection with various viruses such as DNA viruses and RNA viruses.
• the codon type of the polynucleotide contained in the recombinant vector may be the same as or different from the codon type of the host used, and is not limited.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibodies of the present invention are useful as active ingredients contained in pharmaceutical compositions. Since the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention has anti-tumor activity, it is preferably used for the treatment and/or prevention of tumors. Furthermore, it is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for diagnosis. That is, the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is useful as an active ingredient contained in tumor therapeutic agents and tumor diagnostic agents.
• tumor therapy includes the meaning of tumor growth inhibition and growth suppression. shall also include
• the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be a composition for inhibiting or suppressing migration of CXCR2-expressing cells (specifically, BM-MSC, etc.).
• the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention preferably contains the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention as an active ingredient and is provided in the form of a pharmaceutical composition containing a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention includes known drugs, for example, compounds with antitumor activity (e.g., cisplatin), compounds with cell-killing activity, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., PD-1 inhibitors, PD-L1 inhibitors, PD-L2 inhibitors, etc.) can also be used in combination with any one or two or more.
• the aspect of combined use may be, for example, an aspect in which the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention further contains the compound, or an aspect in which it is used in combination with the compound, and is not limited.
• the above immune checkpoint inhibitors are also referred to as so-called PD-1 pathway antagonists, and PD-1 expressed on T cells and immunosuppressive signals by PD-L1 or PD-L2, which is its ligand Including those that can inhibit or suppress PD-1 pathway antagonists specifically include anti-PD-1 antibody, anti-PD-L1 antibody, anti-PD-L2 antibody, PD-1 extracellular domain, PD-L1 extracellular domain, PD-L2 extracellular domain domain, PD-1-Ig (a fusion protein between the PD-1 extracellular domain and the FC region of Ig), PD-L1-Ig, PD-L2-Ig, etc.
• anti-PD-1 antibody Anti-PD-L1 antibodies and anti-PD-L2 antibodies are preferred, and anti-PD-1 antibodies and anti-PD-L1 antibodies are more preferred.
• Each of the above antibodies may be in the form of, for example, F(ab')2, Fab', Fab and Fv fragments.
• Each of the above antibodies includes any known or commercially available antibody.
• anti-PD-1 antibodies include Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Cemiplimab, Dostarlimab, and Zimberelimab
• anti-PD-L1 antibodies include Atezolizumab, Durvalumab, Avelumab, and the like.
• Each of the above antibodies also includes biosimilars.
• human tumors to which the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is applied include various known human tumors in which HuCXCL1 expression is observed. More specifically, the human tumors include human gastric cancer, human pancreatic cancer, human breast cancer, human lung cancer, human skin cancer, human ovarian cancer, human colon cancer, human bladder cancer, human liver cancer, human esophageal cancer, and prostate cancer. and human biliary tract cancer, preferably one or more of various human tumors, more preferably human gastric cancer, and particularly preferably scirrhous gastric cancer. These tumors may occur singly or in combination of two or more.
• the target tumor may be recurrent cancer or metastatic cancer
• the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention (and thus the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention) is a therapeutic agent, preventive agent, or diagnostic agent for recurrent cancer or metastatic cancer. It can also be effectively used as an agent.
• “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” means excipients, diluents, bulking agents, disintegrants, stabilizers, preservatives, buffers, emulsifiers, flavoring agents, coloring agents, sweetening agents, thickening agents, flavoring agents. agents, solubilizers, other additives, and the like.
• pharmaceutical compositions in the form of injections, solutions, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, etc. can be prepared. These pharmaceutical compositions can be administered orally or parenterally. Other forms for parenteral administration include injections containing one or more active agents and formulated in a conventional manner. Injections can be prepared by dissolving or suspending in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as physiological saline or commercially available distilled water for injection.
• a colloidal dispersion system when the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody-derived antibody fragments of the present invention (particularly those with low molecular weights) are administered in vivo, a colloidal dispersion system can be used in addition to the above.
• a colloidal dispersion system is expected to have the effect of enhancing the in vivo stability of a compound (antibody fragment) and the effect of efficiently transporting the compound to a specific organ, tissue or cell.
• the colloidal dispersion system is not limited as long as it is commonly used, but polyethylene glycol, polymer complexes, polymer aggregates, nanocapsules, microspheres, beads, oil-in-water emulsifiers, micelles, and mixed micelles and lipid-based dispersion systems, including liposomes, preferably multiple liposomes, artificial membrane vesicles, which are effective in efficiently transporting compounds to specific organs, tissues or cells.
• liposomes preferably multiple liposomes, artificial membrane vesicles
• the dose of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may vary depending on the patient's age, sex, body weight and symptoms, therapeutic effect, administration method, treatment time, or the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody and antibody-drug complex of the present invention contained in the pharmaceutical composition. It depends on the type of Usually, it can be administered in the range of 600 ⁇ g to 6000 mg per adult per dose, but the range is not limited to this range.
• a dose of 100 ⁇ g to 100 mg per 1 kg body weight per administration to a human patient may be administered once to several times per day on average, preferably for 3 days, It can also be administered once a week, 10 days or every two weeks, or can be administered once (the total number of administrations is once).
• Modes of administration include intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, intradermal injection, intramuscular injection and intraperitoneal injection, with intravenous injection being preferred.
• Injections can optionally be prepared as non-aqueous diluents (eg, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, alcohols such as ethanol, etc.), suspensions or emulsions.
• Sterilization of such injections can be carried out by filter sterilization using a filter, compounding with a sterilizing agent, or the like.
• Injections can be manufactured in the form of preparations just before use. That is, it can be made into a sterile solid composition by a freeze-drying method or the like, and dissolved in sterile distilled water for injection or other solvent before use.
• the present invention provides the use of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention for treating, preventing and/or diagnosing tumors, or for producing a drug (drug) that inhibits or suppresses the migration of CXCR2-expressing cells. But also.
• the present invention also provides the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention for treating, preventing and/or diagnosing tumors, or for inhibiting or suppressing migration of CXCR2-expressing cells.
• the present invention provides a method for treating, preventing and/or diagnosing a tumor, or inhibiting or suppressing migration of CXCR2-expressing cells, which comprises using the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention (that is, administering it to a subject (patient)).
• a method is provided, and the use of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention for treating, preventing and/or diagnosing tumors, or for inhibiting or suppressing the migration of CXCR2-expressing cells.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention can inhibit or suppress the migration of CXCR2-expressing cells, and its mechanism of action is inhibition of binding between various CXCLs (CXCLs) and glucosaminoglycans (GAGs). Or it is thought to contain a function that can be suppressed (see Example 11 below).
• the present invention is characterized by using a binding inhibitor or binding inhibitor between CXCLs and GAG, including the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention, or the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention (including administration to a subject).
• the present invention also provides use of the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention for inhibiting or suppressing binding to.
• the CXCLs are not limited, but for example, human CXCL includes human CXCL1, human CXCL2, human CXCL3, and human CXCL5, and mouse CXCL includes mouse CXCL1.
• the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention is in the form of a tumor treatment and/or prevention kit, a migration inhibition or suppression kit for CXCR2-expressing cells, or a tumor diagnosis or detection kit. It can also be provided in the form of a kit. For specific examples of tumors to be diagnosed or detected, the above explanations are similarly applicable.
• the diagnosis and detection can be performed, for example, by reacting the anti-HuCXCL1 antibody of the present invention with a sample collected from a living body (hereinafter referred to as a biological sample) and detecting the signal of the reacted antibody. Since HuCXCL1 has been confirmed to be expressed in various tumor cells, HuCXCL1 can also be used as various tumor markers.
• the detected antibody signal serves as an index of the amount of antigen in the biological sample (that is, the amount of HuCXCL1 or the amount of free HuCXCL1).
• a biological sample collected from a subject as a specimen such as a tissue fragment or blood to be examined, is combined with the antibody of the present invention through an antigen-antibody reaction. . Then, based on the results of measuring the amount of bound antibody, the amount of the target antigen in the biological sample is measured.
• the measurement may be performed according to known immunoassay methods, for example, immunoprecipitation, immunoagglutination, labeling immunoassay, immunosuspension, western blotting, flow cytometry, and the like can be used. can.
• the antibody signal may be expressed as the amount of label directly detected using the labeled antibody, or may be expressed relative to a standard solution of antibody of known concentration or known antibody titer. That is, the standard solution and the sample are measured by a measuring instrument, and the antibody signal in the biological sample can be expressed relative to the value of the standard solution.
• Labeled immunoassays include, for example, ELISA, EI, RIA, fluorescence immunoassay (FIA), luminescence immunoassay and the like. Among them, the ELISA method is particularly preferred because of its simplicity and high sensitivity.
• the tumor status can be evaluated or diagnosed using the detection results obtained as described above. For example, if the detection result exceeds a predetermined standard value, it is tumor-positive, and if the detection result is below the predetermined standard value, it is tumor-negative. , tumor status can be assessed.
• the state of a tumor means the presence or absence of tumor disease or the degree of progression thereof, and includes the presence or absence of tumor onset, the degree of progression, the degree of malignancy, the presence or absence of metastasis, the presence or absence of recurrence, and the like.
• one tumor condition may be selected, or a combination of multiple tumor conditions may be selected.
• the presence or absence of a tumor can be evaluated by judging whether or not the subject has a tumor with a predetermined reference value as a boundary, based on the obtained detection results.
• the degree of malignancy of a tumor is an index that indicates how far the cancer has progressed. It is also possible to classify and evaluate.
• the detection result can be used as an index to evaluate early cancer or advanced cancer. Metastasis of the tumor can be evaluated by using the detection result as an index and determining whether or not the neoplasm appears in a site distant from the location of the primary tumor. Relapse can be assessed by whether the detection result again exceeds a predetermined reference value after an intermittent period or remission.
• the kit of the present invention may contain a labeling substance, or an immobilization reagent to which the antibody or label thereof is immobilized.
• a labeling substance for an antibody means one labeled with an enzyme, a radioactive isotope, a fluorescent compound, a chemiluminescent compound, or the like.
• the kit of the present invention contains other reagents for carrying out the detection of the present invention. , an enzymatic reaction stopping solution, or a sample diluent may be included.
• transient expression was performed using the "Expi293 expression system” (Thermo Fisher Scientific) as an introduction plasmid with the HuCXCL1 expression vector.
• the culture supernatant was recovered and subjected to affinity purification using a "HiTrap Protein G HP column” (Cytiva). Elution fractions of gel filtration purification were confirmed as bands by SDS-PAGE, and fractions in which bands were confirmed were collected and used as HuCXCL1 purified protein.
• [1-2] Mouse Immunization Antibodies were produced by immunizing mice with HuCXCL1 protein based on the following method. Immunization was performed to three strains of mice: MRL/MpJJmsSlc-lpr/lpr, BALB/cAJcl, and ICR (Sankyo Labo Service, CLEA Japan). The antigen was mixed with an adjuvant "Titer MaxGold” (TiterMax) and administered through the foot vein so that the dose of the antigen per mouse was 100 ⁇ g. 7 days and 10 days after administration, booster immunization was carried out in the same manner as above so that the dose of antigen per mouse was 10 ⁇ g.
• TierMax adjuvant
• the fused cells were suspended in "ClonaCell TM-HY MediumD” (STEM CELL) and seeded in a plastic petri dish. Colonies formed 8 to 10 days after inoculation were isolated in 96-well plastic plates into which hybridoma medium had been dispensed in advance, and in vitro antibody screening was performed using the culture supernatant. As a medium for hybridomas, 1/50 of Nutridoma-CS (Merck) and 1/50 of HAT Supplement (Thermo Fisher Scientific) are added to RPMI 1640 (Thermo Fisher Scientific). I used what I had.
• Antibody screening by in vitro test system Antibody screening was performed using the hybridoma obtained in Example 1 and the purified antibody obtained using the above ADLib technology. Screening was performed by the following three methods.
• PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
• HuCXCL1 HuCXCL1
• blocking solution PBS containing 2% skimmed milk and 0.05% Tween-20
• AequoScree/CXCR2 PerkinElmer was purchased and used as cells expressing human CXCR2 (HuCXCR2), which is a receptor for HuCXCL1.
• AequoScree/CXCR2 cells are a recombinant cell line that stably co-expresses CXCR2 and calcium ion-sensitive photoprotein aequorin, and changes in intracellular calcium ions following receptor stimulation can be measured as aequorin luminescence levels.
• AequoScrenn/CXCR2 cells were prepared in the same manner as described above. After adding 100 ng of HuCXCL1 per 1 ml to a 96-well plate, 100 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, 15 ⁇ g, 5 ⁇ g, 1.5 ⁇ g, 0.5 ⁇ g, 0.15 ⁇ g, or 0.05 ⁇ g of purified antibody was added per 1 ml and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. 50 ⁇ L of AequoScree/CXCR2 cell suspension was added to each well, and the luminescence intensity was measured immediately thereafter. EC50 was calculated from the dose-response curves obtained.
• AF275 goat anti-HuCXCL1 polyclonal antibody
• HuCXCR2-expressing cells were cultured overnight at 37°C in a serum-free medium, suspended in assay buffer, and adjusted to 2 x 10 6 cells per ml. Add the HuCXCR2-expressing cell suspension to the upper chamber of the Boyden chamber, and add assay buffer alone or a solution containing 200 ng/ml of HuCXCL1 with or without purified antibody to the lower chamber, and incubate overnight at 37°C. bottom.
• the upper chamber was washed with PBS, added to a new lower chamber to which Cell Detachment Solution (Sigma-Aldrich) was added, and allowed to stand at 37°C for 30 minutes to detach migratory cells adhered to the membrane bottom of the upper chamber. .
• 75 ⁇ L of 4 ⁇ Lysis Buffer (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to each well of the migratory cell suspension, allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 minutes, and fluorescence was measured at an excitation wavelength of 480 nm/fluorescence wavelength of 520 nm.
• About 80 clones described above were screened and evaluated for their migration inhibitory activity on CXCR2 cells.
• CyCXCL1 The binding activity to CXCL1 (CyCXCL1) of Cynomolgus monkey was evaluated. CyCXCL1 protein (antigen) was produced in the same manner as described in [1-1] above, except that the amino acid sequence of HuCXCL1 protein was changed to the amino acid sequence of CyCXCL1 protein (UniProt accession number: Q0EAC3; SEQ ID NO: 82). made.
• the ELISA method was used to evaluate the binding activity to CyCXCL1.
• Antigen-binding activity was evaluated by calculating absorbance in the same manner as in [2-1] above, except that the protein immobilized on the plate was changed from HuCXCL1 protein to CyCXCL1 protein. Those whose absorbance to CyCXCL1 is 80% or more of the absorbance to HuCXCL1 are indicated as having cross-reactivity as " ⁇ ", and those whose absorbance is less than 80% are indicated as "x" in Table A above.
• CyCXCL1-neutralizing activity was evaluated by measuring the change in intracellular calcium ions in AequoScrenn/CXCR2 cells of CyCXCL1 as the amount of aequorin luminescence.
• AequoScrenn/CXCR2 cells were prepared in the same manner as in [2-2] above. After adding 100 ng of CyCXCL1 per 1 ml to a 96-well plate, 10 ⁇ g of purified antibody per 1 ml was added and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. 50 ⁇ L of AequoScree/CXCR2 cell suspension was added to each well, and the luminescence intensity was measured immediately thereafter. Antibodies that completely inhibit CyCXCL1-induced aequorin luminescence are shown in Table A above as having cross-reactivity and are shown as "O", and antibodies that do not completely inhibit aequorin luminescence are shown as "X".
• [3-1] Preparation of OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation model In order to evaluate the in vivo CXCR2 migration inhibitory activity and antitumor activity of the above-mentioned four candidate antibodies in an OCUM-12 orthotopic transplantation xenograft model, An OCUM-12 orthotopic implantation model was created.
• the mice used were nude mice (BALB/cAJcl-nu/nu) females aged 5 to 6 weeks purchased from CLEA Japan, Inc.
• gastric cancer cell line OCUM-12 was provided by Public University Corporation Osaka and used.
• OCUM-12 cells were prepared by adding 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Sigma-Aldrich) to D-MED (Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 1/100 volume of penicillin-streptomycin mixture (Nacalai Techs Co., Ltd.). It was cultured in a medium containing The transplanted cells were detached with 0.25% trypsin/0.02% EDTA (Thermo Fisher Scientific), washed with PBS, and 4 ⁇ 10 5 cells per animal were transplanted into the stomach wall of mice.
• FBS fetal bovine serum
• D-MED Flujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
• penicillin-streptomycin mixture Nacalai Techs Co., Ltd.
• mice were sacrificed, and the minor axis and major axis of the tumor formed on the stomach wall were measured with vernier calipers. Tumor size was calculated as 1/2 minor axis (mm) x 1/2 major axis (mm) x 3.14. The results are shown in FIGS. 1A, 2A and 3A.
• the 1A-7H10, 4A-2F7, 5A-5E11, and 028-8-12 administration groups significantly suppressed tumor growth compared to the PBS administration group.
• [3-3] Migration inhibitory activity test of CXCR2-expressing cells After measuring the tumor size in [3-1] above, the stomach was excised and allowed to stand at room temperature using 10% neutral buffered formalin (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). After overnight fixation, the cells were replaced with PBS. After that, it was entrusted to Applied Medical Research, Inc. to perform paraffin embedding and preparation of sections. The tissue immunostaining of prepared gastric tumor sections with anti-CXCR2 antibody was performed to evaluate the in vivo CXCR2 cell migration inhibitory activity. Sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated, followed by endogenous peroxidase inactivation.
• OCUM-2MLN cells were added to D-MEM (Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; NICHIREI BIOSCIENCE) and 1/100 amount of penicillin-streptomycin mixture (Fujifilm Wako Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). and 1/100 volume of Sodium pyruvate solution (SIGMA-ALDRICH) was added to the medium.
• Transplanted cells were exfoliated with 0.05w/v% trypsin/0.53mmol/L EDTA/4Na Solution (Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), washed with PBS, and then transplanted into the stomach wall of mice at 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells per animal. bottom.
• mice On the day after transplantation, each individual was randomized and grouped (5 to 8 animals per group), and PBS (Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was administered as a control and a test drug (candidate antibody) at a dose of 20 mg/kg. , were administered intraperitoneally to mice. Thereafter, administration of the test drug was performed twice a week until the end of the study. After 3 weeks from the transplantation, the mice were sacrificed, and the minor axis and major axis of the tumor formed on the stomach wall were measured with vernier calipers. Tumor size was calculated as short axis (mm) x long axis (mm). The results are shown in FIG. From FIG. 4, 4A-2F7 and 5A-5E11 in particular significantly suppressed tumor growth compared to the control.
• Navarixin (MedChemExpress) dissolved in ultrapure water containing 20% 2-hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin was administered orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day once daily for 5 consecutive days followed by 2 days off. dosed. Navarixin administration was able to significantly inhibit the migration of CXCR2-expressing cells in the OCUM-12 orthotopic xenocraft model (Fig. 5A), but had no anti-tumor activity (Fig. 5B).
• the resulting DNA fragment was cloned into the vector attached to the Zeroblunt TOPO TA Cloning and Sequencing kit (ThermoFisher Scientific) and subjected to DNA sequence analysis.
• the CDR regions of the obtained antibody sequences were determined according to the method of Kabat et al. (Sequences of Proteins of Immunolosical Interest, Fifthedition, NIH Publication No.91-3242, US, Department of Health and Human Services, 1991).
• Tables 3 to 6 below show the combinations of heavy and light chains of each antibody based on the sequences in Table 2 above.
• each amino acid-modified antibody obtained by combining heavy and light chains was evaluated by antigen solid-phase ELISA and Ca2 + Flux Assay. It was confirmed to have antigen-binding activity and neutralizing activity equivalent to VL). From these amino acid-modified antibodies, the modified antibodies shown in Table 7 below were selected according to the properties of the modified amino acids.
• a three-dimensional molecular model of a mouse antibody was created using a standard method.
• residues thought to be important for CDR structure formation and residues thought to be essential for reaction with antigen were deduced.
• cDNA sequence databases of human antibody heavy and light chain variable regions were searched for sequences highly homologous to the heavy and light chain variable regions of each anti-HuCXCL1 antibody.
• a sequence was designed by linking the framework portion sequence of the searched human antibody sequence and the CDR sequence of each anti-HuCXCL1 antibody, and then the residues considered essential for CDR structure formation or reaction with the antigen were designed.
• a humanized antibody sequence was designed by grafting the base sequence.
• the designed sequences are shown in Table 8 below.
• the CDR sequences possessed by the humanized antibody sequences are the same as those of the original mouse/human chimeric antibody, and have the same sequences as the SEQ ID NOs in the table above.
• underlined parts indicate CDRs.
• VH1/VL1, VH2/VL1, VH2/VL1, and VH2/VL2 are obtained from each clone, from the combination of humanized sequences.
• the antigen-binding activity and neutralizing activity of these humanized antibodies were evaluated by antigen solid-phase ELISA and Ca2 + Flux Assay, and the original chimeric antibodies (mh1A-7H10_VH1/VL, mh4A-2F7_VH/VL1, mh5A -5E11_VH7/VL.
• these humanized antibodies have the same HuCXCL1-binding activity and HuCXCL1-stimulated signaling inhibitory activity (migration inhibitory activity of CXCR2-expressing cells) in vitro as the original chimeric antibody.
• HuCXCL1-binding activity HuCXCL1-stimulated signaling inhibitory activity (migration inhibitory activity of CXCR2-expressing cells) in vitro as the original chimeric antibody.
• antibodies were selected in which the modified amino acids had higher homology with the framework portion of the human antibody sequence. The selected antibody combinations and sequence numbers are shown in Table 9 below.
• humanized antibodies of 3 mouse antibody clones having CXCR2 migration inhibitory activity and anti-tumor activity in vivo were prepared (hereinafter referred to as Hu1A- 7H10, Hu4A-2F7, Hu5A-5E11, also collectively referred to as humanized antibodies).
• Hu1A- 7H10, Hu4A-2F7, Hu5A-5E11 also collectively referred to as humanized antibodies.
• one clone of a modified human antibody was prepared by amino acid modification of the CDR region and VL region of human antibody 028-8-12 obtained by ADLib technology (hereinafter referred to as 028-8-12 or modified humanized antibody). .
• the in vivo antitumor activity and CXCR2 migration inhibitory activity of the humanized antibody were evaluated in an OCUM-12 orthotopic xenograft model.
• the evaluation method is shown below.
• Female nude mice (BALB/cAJcl-nu/nu) of 5 to 6 weeks old were purchased from Clea Japan, Inc. and used.
• As human cancer cells gastric cancer cell line OCUM-12 was provided by Osaka Public University and used.
• OCUM-12 cells were added to D-MED (Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) with 10% fetal bovine serum (hereinafter referred to as FBS; Sigma-Aldrich) and 1/100 amount of penicillin-streptomycin mixture (Nacalai Techs Co., Ltd.). company) was added.
• FBS fetal bovine serum
• penicillin-streptomycin mixture Nacalai Techs Co., Ltd.
• company penicillin-streptomycin mixture
• the tissue immunostaining of prepared gastric tumor sections with anti-CXCR2 antibody was performed to evaluate the in vivo CXCR2 cell migration inhibitory activity. Sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated, followed by endogenous peroxidase inactivation. After antigen retrieval treatment, blocking was performed with PBS containing 2% skim milk and 0.1% Tween-20 (hereinafter referred to as blocking solution). ) was allowed to react overnight at 4°C. After washing with PBS containing 0.1% Tween-20, HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (Abcam) was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour as a secondary antibody.
• the three humanized antibodies (Hu1A-7H10, Hu4A-2F7, Hu5A-5B11) and the modified humanized antibody (028-8-12) exhibited sufficient migration inhibitory activity compared to the hIgG1 antibody in in vivo tests. and had anti-tumor effects.
• Hu5A-5E11 was used as the antibody to be tested, and doses of 20, 60, 100, 200 or 400 ⁇ g/head were intraperitoneally administered twice a week for 3 weeks from the day after transplantation. 200 ⁇ L of PBS was intraperitoneally administered twice a week for 3 weeks from the day after transplantation.
• Hu5A-5E11 significantly inhibits the migration of CXCR2-expressing cells at doses of 20 ⁇ g/head or more compared to PBS administration, and the minimum effective dose is 20 ⁇ g/head or less. rice field. The migration inhibitory effect tended to plateau at doses of 60 ⁇ g/head and above.
• the responsiveness of antibody dose to in vivo antitumor activity and CXCR2 migration inhibitory activity was evaluated in the OCUM-12 orthotopic xenograft treatment model.
• the mouse, transplantation method, antitumor activity, and CXCR2 migration inhibitory activity evaluation method were the same as those described in [8] above.
• Hu5A-5E11 was used as the test drug.
• the administration of the test drug was started 7 days after the transplantation, and the dosage of 20, 60, 100, 200 or 400 ⁇ g/head was intraperitoneally administered twice a week for 3 weeks.
• 200 ⁇ L of PBS was intraperitoneally administered twice a week for 3 weeks starting 7 days after transplantation. Mice were sacrificed and evaluated 4 weeks after transplantation.
• Hu5A-5E11 significantly suppressed the tumor area at doses of 60 ⁇ g/head or more compared to PBS administration.
• In vivo dose responsiveness was evaluated in two models in which humanized Hu5A-5E11 was administered either one day after transplantation or 7 days later.
• Humanized Hu5A-5E11 significantly inhibited the migration of CXCR2-expressing cells at doses of 20 ⁇ g/head or higher in all models compared to PBS administration.
• the tumor area was significantly suppressed at doses of 60 ⁇ g/head or higher.
• Heparin, heparan sulfate and other glucosaminoglycans exists in the form of proteoglycan in vivo and is expressed on the cell surface of various cells.
• GAGs have a strong negative charge and directly bind to other proteins (hereafter referred to as ligands) such as chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors, thereby concentrating the ligands in the vicinity of the target receptor and reducing the formation of receptor-ligand complexes.
• Hu5A-5E11 on the binding of CXCLs and GAGs was evaluated by an ELISA method in which the antigen used for immunization (HuCXCL1 protein) or HuCXCL2,3,5 and MsCXCL1,2 proteins were directly immobilized on a plate.
• CXCLs other than HuCXCL1 were purchased from PROTEINTECH and used.
• Biotin-labeled heparan sulfate and heparin were purchased from PG Research and used.
• PBS phosphate-buffered saline
• HuCXCL1,2,3,5, and MsCXCL1 and 10 ⁇ g/mL of MsCXCL2 were added 50 ⁇ L of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 3 ⁇ g/mL of HuCXCL1,2,3,5, and MsCXCL1 and 10 ⁇ g/mL of MsCXCL2 to a 96-well plate and incubate at 4°C. Let stand overnight. After removing the solid phase solution, PBS containing 0.05% Tween-20 (hereinafter referred to as blocking solution) was added to each well as a blocking reaction and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes.
• blocking solution 0.05% Tween-20
• TMB (Dako) was added as a chromogenic substrate solution to develop color, 1N sulfuric acid was added to react, and absorbance at 450 nm was measured. The binding rate between CXCLs and GAG was calculated as a ratio when the absorbance obtained without the addition of antibody was taken as 100%.
• Hu5A-5E11 HuCXCL1-3 and 5 or MsCXCL1 binding inhibitory activity evaluation by FACS Chemokines are stabilized by direct binding to GAG on the cell surface and efficiently transmit signals to receptors. can be done. [11] above indicated that Hu5A-5E11 inhibited the binding of CXCLs to GAG. Next, whether or not Hu5A-5E11 inhibits the binding of CXCLs to cells was evaluated by measuring the binding of fluorescence-labeled CXCLs to cells as fluorescence intensity by flow cytometry using FACS. HEK293 cells in which HuCXCR2 was forcibly expressed were used. For HuCXCL1, 2, 3, 5 and MsCXCL1, the proteins described in [11] above were labeled with APC and used.
• the cultured cells were washed with PBS and suspended in PBS containing 1% BSA (hereinafter referred to as FACS buffer) to 5.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells/mL.
• FACS buffer PBS containing 1% BSA
• Each APC-labeled ligand and Hu5A-5E11 were mixed to a final concentration of 10 ⁇ g/mL and 16.7 ⁇ g/mL, respectively, and reacted at room temperature for 30 minutes, then added to the cell suspension and reacted on ice for 30 minutes.
• FACS buffer the cells were resuspended in PBS containing 1% 7-AAD, 0.5% BSA and 2 mM EDTA, and fluorescence intensity was measured by the flow cytometry.
• Hu5A-5E11 decreased the fluorescence intensity of cells in an antibody concentration-dependent manner. This indicated that Hu5A-5E11 inhibited the binding of HuCXCL1,2,3,5 and MsCXCL1 to CXCR2 and GAG, and inhibited the binding itself to cells.
• Example 2 confirmed that Hu5A-5E11 neutralizes HuCXCL1 and inhibits signal transduction to CXCR2.
• Hu5A-5E11 inhibits the binding of GAG to HuCXCL1,2,3,5 and MsCXCL1, and that HuCXCL1,2,3,5 and MsCXCL1 to the cell surface was confirmed to inhibit the binding of
• Hu5A-5E11 inhibits CXCR2 cell migration by not only neutralizing HuCXCL1 but also inhibiting the binding of HuCXCL1,2,3,5 and MsCXCL1 to the cell surface.
• anti-human CXCL1 antibodies and fragments thereof that are capable of inducing changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as inhibition or suppression of the formation of the TME.
• TME tumor microenvironment
• the anti-human CXCL1 antibodies and fragments thereof of the present invention are useful, for example, in that they have antitumor activity and can be used for treatment, prevention, and the like of tumors.
• pharmaceutical compositions, kits, and the like containing the anti-human CXCL1 antibody or fragment thereof can be provided.
• SEQ ID NOS: 33-79 recombinant peptides

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