WO2023143993A1

WO2023143993A1 - Shading device and cloth for a shading device

Info

Publication number: WO2023143993A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/051184
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kurt INFANGER; Jost Imfeld; Daniel Baumann
Original assignee: Stobag Ag
Priority date: 2022-01-25
Filing date: 2023-01-19
Publication date: 2023-08-03
Also published as: DE102022101686A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a shading device comprising a cloth, a cloth shaft and a lead bar, wherein the cloth is connected to the cloth shaft in the region of a first edge of the cloth and is connected to the lead bar in the region of a second edge of the cloth, and wherein, when the lead bar is moved relative to the cloth shaft, the cloth can be wound at least partially onto the cloth shaft or can be unwound from the cloth shaft (19) and stretched open in a planar manner. According to the invention, the cloth has at least one wire which is made at least in regions of a shape memory alloy.

Description

Shading device and cloth for a shading device

The invention relates to a shading device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a cloth for a shading device.

Shading devices of the type mentioned at the outset are intended to be attached to a supporting structure, for example a building wall, and to offer protection against incident solar radiation as required. Such a shading device is known, for example, from EP 1614825 A1 and includes a cloth, a cloth shaft and a projection rod. The fabric is connected to the fabric shaft in the area of a first top edge of the fabric and to the projection bar in the area of a second bottom edge of the fabric. If the extension bar is displaced relative to the fabric shaft, the fabric can either be wound onto the fabric shaft or unwound from it and stretched flat. In addition, guide means can be provided which serve to guide the dropout bar during displacement relative to the roller tube. Using a previously known shading device, it is possible to stretch the cloth to different degrees. A low degree of stretching is present, for example, if the fabric is only partially unwound from the fabric shaft in relation to its total area and is stretched across the surface. A high degree of stretching is present when the fabric is almost completely unwound from the fabric shaft and stretched over its entire surface. With both low and high degrees of tensioning, it is desirable that the cloth does not sag or buckle.

While it is possible with a low degree of tensioning in a structurally relatively simple way to tension the cloth and thereby avoid bending, this is made more difficult with a high degree of tensioning. This is due, among other things, to the fact that the components of the shading device, which are used to tension the fabric, have a higher degree of rigidity in interaction when the degree of tension is low than when the degree of tension is high. In addition, previously known shading devices are assemblies that can be assembled with certain tolerances. This can result in play between the individual components of the shading device, which also makes it more difficult to stretch the fabric evenly, particularly if the stretching is different.

The object of the invention is to provide a shading device and a fabric for a shading device with which a desired fabric tension can be achieved in a structurally simple manner and independently of the degree of stretching. The object is achieved by a shading device according to claim 1 and a cloth according to claim 14. Advantageous developments of the shading device can be found in the dependent subclaims 2 to 13.

The shading device according to the invention has, in a manner known per se, a fabric, a fabric shaft and a projection rod. The cloth is connected to the cloth shaft in the area of an upper first cloth edge and to the projection bar in the area of a lower second cloth edge. When the extension rod is displaced relative to the fabric shaft, the fabric can be wound onto the fabric shaft at least in certain areas or unwound from it and stretched out over a large area.

The shading device according to the invention differs from previously known shading devices in that the cloth has at least one metal wire, in particular, which is at least partially and preferably completely made of a metal shape memory alloy.

The invention is based on the finding that the properties of shape memory alloys can be used to improve the mechanical properties of cloths used in shading devices. In particular, it is advantageous that the shape memory alloys have pseudo-elastic properties. According to the invention, these are noticeable in that the wire begins to stretch linearly with a steadily increasing stress. If the tension in the wire exceeds a limit value, the wire can be additionally stretched without any appreciable voltage increase is required. Conversely, this means that there is a constant stress in the wire in such a state, regardless of its elongation. Alternatively or additionally, a shape memory alloy with pseudo-plastic properties can also be used.

According to the invention it is therefore possible to connect the wire, which in particular has pseudo-elastic properties, to the cloth in the state described above in which it can apply a constant tension to the cloth independently of its elongation. In this way, it is possible to construct the shading device in a manner known per se, structural, geometric variances of the shading device having no direct influence on the fabric tension, but being compensated by means of the wire.

The invention is not limited to what type of cloth and what type of shape memory alloy is used to manufacture the wire or how the mechanical properties of the wire are transferred to the cloth. In a simple embodiment, the wire can be connected to a cloth surface of the cloth over its entire length and/or in areas spaced apart from one another, in particular at certain points.

In an advantageous development, the wire is made from a nickel-titanium alloy, at least in some areas. This type of shape memory alloy is also known as nitinol. When using this material, the shape memory effects associated in particular with the pseudo-elastic properties of the wire are strong pronounced. At the same time, Nitinol has a high resistance to corrosion, which favors the use of such wires in shading devices that are exposed to the elements.

In an advantageous development, the shape memory alloy has an austenite finish temperature of at most 4.degree. Above a temperature of 4°C, the wire shows pronounced pseudo-elastic properties.

In an advantageous development, when the cloth is at least partially stretched out, the wire is under a tensile stress which corresponds to at least one yield point of the shape memory alloy and at which the wire can be deformed according to an at least approximately constant stress-strain characteristic.

The shading device preferably has at least one tensioning device which is designed to subject the wire to tensile stress in such a way that the above-mentioned tensile stress is established in the wire, at which different elongations are possible without a change in the tensile stress. Such a tensioning device can be designed in the form of at least two guides, which extend alongside one another at a distance along a direction of displacement of the extension rod and between which the wire can be tensioned. In particular, the guides can be profiled for this purpose in such a way that the required tensile stress only becomes effective in the wires when the extension bar moves relative to the roller tube. In an advantageous development, the cloth is designed at least in some areas as a textile fabric with two thread directions. The wire is woven into the fabric along at least one of the two thread directions.

In the development described above, the wire is intrinsically joined to the cloth during its manufacture. This means that, apart from the fabric manufacturing process, no downstream joining or attachment steps are required to connect the wire to the fabric. At the same time, the transferability of the mechanical properties of the wire to the cloth is improved.

The threads of the textile fabric can be made from a known natural or synthetic material. The fabric structure is preferably formed from a crossing arrangement of individual threads or thread bundles, which run along the two thread directions.

In an advantageous further development, the cloth is connected to the cloth shaft and the projection bar in such a way that the wire extends orthogonally to the cloth shaft and the projection bar, at least when the cloth is stretched out.

The development described above allows the at least one wire of the shading device to be stretched between the projection rod and the roller tube. A pull-out movement of the extension bar in relation to the fabric roller not only allows the fabric to be stretched out, but also to apply a tensile force to the wire at the same time to put this in a state in which it is preferably deformable according to an at least approximately constant stress-strain characteristic.

Alternatively, the fabric can be connected to the fabric shaft and the extension rod in such a way that the wire extends essentially parallel to the fabric shaft and/or the extension rod, at least when the fabric is stretched out. In contrast to an embodiment in which the wire extends orthogonally to the roller tube and the extension rod, the guide elements already explained can be provided in a parallel arrangement, by means of which the wire can be subjected to tension during an extension movement. in order to be placed in a state in which it can be deformed in accordance with an at least approximately constant stress-strain characteristic.

In another advantageous development, the cloth has at least two wires, each of which is at least partially and preferably completely made of the shape memory alloy, with a first of the two wires being arranged orthogonally to a second of the two wires and with the two wires are preferably woven into the cloth, which is designed as a textile fabric, in different thread directions. With this advantageous further development, a high degree of cloth stability can be achieved since the tension of the wires is applied to the cloth not just along one direction, but along two directions.

In an advantageous development, the wire is connected to the cloth by means of a holding element and is in particular pressed. Such a holding element between the wire and the cloth may be placed in an edge portion of the cloth. This holding element can preferably be used at the same time as a guide piece, which is guided in a guide of the shading device. The use of the holding element is not limited to a specific configuration of the cloth and can be particularly advantageous if the cloth is designed as a textile fabric. By arranging the holding element on the edge of the cloth, it is possible to prevent the wire from being undesirably pulled out of the cloth along the direction in which it extends.

Additionally or alternatively, the wire can be glued to the cloth, preferably by means of a carrier tape. Such a carrier tape can have an adhesive surface by which it can be adhered to the towel surface, whereby the wire can be placed between the towel and the adhesive tape.

The cloth preferably has more than two wires, preferably between 10 and 100 wires, which are each made of the shape memory alloy. In particular, the number of wires can be chosen depending on the dimensions and/or the basis weight of the cloth. In this way it is possible to adjust a tensioning effect of the wires as required. A plurality of wires preferably run in parallel at a distance from one another.

In an advantageous further development, the shading device is designed as a vertical awning, in which the extension bar can be displaced along a preferably stationary vertical guide in order to wind the cloth onto the cloth shaft or unwind it from it and open it up. to. The guide of the vertical awning can be designed, in the manner already explained, to absorb a tensile force of the wire.

In another advantageous development, the shading device is designed as an articulated-arm awning, in which the extension bar can be displaced relative to the fabric shaft by means of an articulated arm arrangement, in order to wind the fabric on the fabric shaft or unwind it and stretch it. In this development, the articulated arm arrangement can serve to absorb the tensile force of the wire.

The invention also relates to a cloth for a shading device according to the invention or an advantageous development thereof. The cloth has at least one wire which is made of a shape memory alloy at least in some areas. Further features of the fabric result from the description of the shading device.

Further advantages and features of the invention are explained using exemplary embodiments and the figures. Show it:

1 shows a shading device according to the invention, which is designed as a vertical awning with a cloth into which a plurality of horizontally running wires made of a shape memory alloy are woven;

2 shows a shading device according to the invention, which is designed as a vertical awning with a cloth into which a plurality of vertically running wires made of a shape memory alloy are embedded. is woven;

3 shows a shading device according to the invention, which is designed as a vertical awning with a cloth into which a plurality of horizontally and vertically running wires made of a shape memory alloy are woven, and

4 shows a shading device according to the invention, which is designed as an articulated arm awning with a cloth into which a plurality of wires made of a shape memory alloy are woven.

FIG. 1 shows a shading device 10 which is designed as a vertical awning. The shading device 10 comprises a cloth 12 which is connected to a cloth shaft 19 in the region of an upper first cloth edge in a manner that is only indicated here. The roller tube 19 is rotatably mounted about a winding axis W within an awning box 13 . In the area of a lower, second edge of the cloth, the cloth 12 is connected to a projection rod 14 which runs parallel to the winding axis W.

The fabric shaft 19 is mounted inside the awning box 13 in such a way that the fabric 12 can be wound up on the fabric shaft or unwound from the fabric shaft 19 and stretched out when the projection rod 14 is displaced relative to the fabric shaft 19 . A rotary drive is preferably provided in the awning box 13 in order to apply a torque to the roller tube. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the extension rod 14 is displaced along a first guide rail 15 and a second guide rail 16, which extend vertically at a distance essentially parallel to one another.

In the state shown in FIG. 1, the fabric 12 has a large degree of stretching, i.e. it is almost completely stretched and thus largely unwound from the fabric shaft 19 in relation to its total area, and provides shade for a person not shown here when the sun is shining Space extending behind the shading device 10. A high degree of stretching of the cloth 12 is often associated with this undesirably waving.

This is due to the fact that the shading device 10 is an assembly subject to play and that the assembly of the fabric 12, the awning box 13, the fabric shaft 19 mounted therein and the two guide rails 15 and 16 does not have the required rigidity overall being able to stretch the cloth 12 evenly and completely at every degree of stretching of the shading device 10 .

In order to be able to stretch the cloth 12 evenly, regardless of the degree of stretching, the cloth 12 is designed as a textile fabric with a large number of intersecting and, in particular, interwoven textile threads and additionally has a number of wires 17 . The wires 17 are each made of Nitinol metal shape memory alloy with a martensite finish temperature of 4°C and are woven into the cloth 12 . For better clarity, only one wire 17 is provided with a reference sign in FIG.

According to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the wires 17 have pronounced pseudo-elastic properties on. The wires 17 are in a tensioned state, with the tensile stress prevailing in the wires 17 being absorbed by the lateral guide strips 15 and 16 . The tensile stress essentially corresponds to a yield point of the material used, at which the wires 17 can be lengthened or compressed by up to 10% in relation to their longitudinal direction without the tensile stress in the wires 17 increasing significantly changes. Since the wires 17 are woven into the cloth 12, the mechanical properties described above can be transferred to the cloth 12. This makes it possible to stretch the cloth 12 with a constant cloth tension, independently of the degree of tension.

In an alternative embodiment of the shading device 10, the wires 17 do not run parallel to the projection rod 14, but orthogonally to it. This is shown in Figure 2.

According to the shading device 10 shown in FIG. 2, the wires 17 also have pseudo-elastic properties and are subject to tensile stress. In contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the extension bar 14 and the roller tube mounted inside the awning box 13 serve to absorb the tensile forces.

In an alternative embodiment of the shading device 10, the wires 17 are woven into the cloth 12 along two directions of extension which are orthogonal to one another. Such a shading device 10 is shown in FIG. In this case, some of the wires 17 run in accordance with the explanations relating to FIG Projection bar 14 and the roller tube. Other wires run orthogonally to the extension bar 14 in accordance with the statements relating to FIG. 2. According to FIG. 3, the wires 17 are each configured pseudo-elastic and subjected to a tensile stress. In the manner already explained, this means that the cloth 12 can be evenly tensioned independently of any play between the cloth shaft, the dropout bar 14 and the lateral guides 15 and 16 .

FIG. 4 shows a shading device 10 which is designed as an articulated arm awning. The shading device 10 shown in FIG. 4 is by means of a wall bracket

18 arranged on an outer wall of a building, not shown here. The wall bracket 18 is used for a roller tube

19 to be rotatably mounted on which a cloth 12 is wound. The cloth 12 is connected to a projection rod 14 at a cloth edge facing away from the cloth shaft 19 . When the extension rod 14 is displaced relative to the fabric shaft 19, the fabric 12 is stretched. Two articulated arms, of which only one articulated arm 20 is visible in FIG.

The cloth 14 is designed as a textile fabric and has the same structure as the cloth shown in FIG. The cloth 14 has a plurality of wires 17 with a pseudo-elastic behavior, which run orthogonally to the extension rod 14 when the cloth 12 is in an at least partially stretched state. In an alternative embodiment, the cloth 12 can also have corresponding wires 17 which run parallel to the projection rod 14 when the cloth 12 is at least partially stretched out. It is also possible to form the cloth 12 in such a way that said wires 17 are crossed configuration are woven into the cloth 12 such that some wires 14 run parallel and other wires 17 orthogonal to the dropout bar 14 when the cloth 12 is at least partially stretched.

In the state of the shading device 10 as shown in FIG. The tensile stress in the respective wires 17 corresponds to the yield point of the material (nitinol) from which the wires 17 are made. In this state, the wires 17 have pronounced pseudo-elastic properties. In particular, this makes it possible for the wires 17 to deform without this being accompanied by a change in voltage. As a result of the connection between the wires 17 and the cloth 12, it is possible, despite high installation tolerances of the shading device 10, to stretch the cloth 12 with a constant tension at any degree of stretching of the cloth 12.

For better understanding of the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, reference is made to the following list of reference symbols.

10 shading device

12 cloth

13 awning box

14 lunge bar

15 First guide bar

16 Second guide bar

17 Nitinol wires 18 wall bracket

19 roller tube

20 articulated arm assembly

Claims

patent claims

1. Shading device (10) with a cloth (12), a cloth shaft (19) and a projection rod (14), the cloth (12) being connected to the cloth shaft (19) in the area of a first cloth edge and to the cloth shaft (19) in the area of a second cloth edge extension bar (14) is connected and the fabric (12) can be wound up at least partially onto the fabric shaft (19) or unwound from the fabric shaft (19) and stretched flat when the projection bar (14) is displaced relative to the fabric shaft (19), characterized in that the cloth (12) has at least one wire (17) which is produced at least in regions from a shape memory alloy.

2. Shading device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy.

3. Shading device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shape memory alloy has an austenite finish temperature of at most 4°C having .

4. shading device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wire (17) in a tensioned state of the cloth (12) under a

Tensile stress is, which corresponds to at least one yield point, at which the wire (17) corresponding to an at least approximately constant stress-strain

Characteristic is deformable.

5. shading device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cloth (12) at least partially as a textile fabric with two

Thread directions is designed and the wire (17) along at least one of the two thread directions runs ver and in the cloth (12) woven and / or on the

Cloth (12) is attached.

6. Shading device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the cloth (12) is connected to the cloth shaft (19) and the projection bar (14) in such a way that the wire (17) is at least in the tensioned

Condition of the cloth (12) orthogonal to the roller tube

(19) and/or the extension bar (14).

7. Shading device (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the cloth (12) is connected to the cloth shaft (19) and the extension bar (14) in such a way that the wire (17) is at least in the spanned state of the cloth (12) essentially parallel to the cloth shaft (19) and/or the projection bar

(14) extends.

8. Shading device (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the cloth (12) has at least two wires (17), which are each produced at least in regions from the shape memory alloy, with a first wire of the two wires (17) being orthogonal to egg nem second wire of the two wires (17) is arranged, wherein the two wires (17) preferably along under different thread directions of the cloth (12), which is designed as a textile fabric, run.

9. shading device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the

Wire (17) is connected at least at one end to the cloth (12) by means of a holding element and is in particular pressed.

10. shading device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the

Wire (17) is glued to the cloth (12) at least at one end, preferably by means of a carrier tape.

11. Shading device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cloth

(12) more than two wires, preferably between 10 and

100 wires made of the shape memory alloy.

12. Shading device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shading device (10) is designed as a vertical awning, in which the projection rod (14) can be displaced along at least one stationary vertical guide (15, 16), around the fabric (12) on the fabric shaft

(19) to wind up or detach from the roller tube (19) and stretch flat.

13. shading device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the shading

The device (10) is designed as an articulated arm awning, in which the projection rod (14) can be displaced relative to the fabric shaft (19) by means of a articulated arm arrangement (20) in order to wind the fabric (12) onto the fabric shaft (19) or from the fabric shaft (19) unwind and stretch flat.

14. Cloth (12) for a shading device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the cloth (12) has at least one wire (17) which is at least partially made of a shape memory alloy.