WO2023136010A1 - チラーシステム - Google Patents
チラーシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023136010A1 WO2023136010A1 PCT/JP2022/045620 JP2022045620W WO2023136010A1 WO 2023136010 A1 WO2023136010 A1 WO 2023136010A1 JP 2022045620 W JP2022045620 W JP 2022045620W WO 2023136010 A1 WO2023136010 A1 WO 2023136010A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- path
- refrigerant
- temperature
- internal circulation
- chiller system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/04—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H10P72/0431—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H10P72/0434—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by convection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/04—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H10P72/0402—Apparatus for fluid treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/06—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting, marking, testing or measuring
- H10P72/0602—Temperature monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/70—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/70—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping
- H10P72/76—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. clamps or pinches
- H10P72/7604—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P74/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment of wafers, substrates or devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02732—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two three-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a chiller system, and more particularly to a chiller system that circulates coolant between a wafer mounting table in an inspection device that electrically inspects a plurality of chips formed on a wafer.
- a prober In the semiconductor manufacturing process, a prober is used to inspect the electrical characteristics of the chips formed on the wafer. In order to shorten the inspection time and reduce the cost, the number of chips to be inspected simultaneously is increasing in recent years. For example, even if the chip is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a flash memory, or the like, which generates a small amount of heat, an increase in the number of chips to be tested at the same time increases the amount of heat generated from the entire wafer during testing.
- DRAM dynamic random access memory
- flash memory or the like
- chips are used in a wide range of applications, such as automotive chips, and in order to ensure that the chips operate normally even in the temperature environment according to the application, the temperature environment range during inspection is expanding. Therefore, the amount of heat generated by the chip during inspection is increasing in a wide temperature environment.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a chiller mechanism for controlling the temperature of a wafer chuck (mounting table) of a prober.
- the chiller mechanism has a cooling path and a coolant cooling path.
- the tank holding the cooling liquid and the wafer chuck are connected by a path from the tank to the wafer chuck and a path from the wafer chuck to the tank, and the cooling liquid is supplied by a pump provided on the cooling path.
- the wafer chuck is cooled by circulation between the tank and the wafer chuck.
- the tank and the cooler are connected by a path from the tank to the cooler and a path from the cooler to the tank, and the coolant cooled by the cooler flows on the coolant cooling path. It returns to the tank by the pump provided in Furthermore, the temperature of the coolant held in the tank is adjusted by adjusting the amount of the circulating coolant with a flow control valve provided on the coolant cooling path.
- a coolant with a high boiling point tends to increase its kinematic viscosity as its viscosity rises at low temperatures. Therefore, there is a problem that the flow rate of the cooling liquid decreases due to the increase in kinematic viscosity in the low temperature region, and the cooling effect on the wafer mounting table is reduced compared to the cooling liquid having a low boiling point. In addition, there is also the problem that an increase in kinematic viscosity causes an increase in the shaft power required for the circulation pump, resulting in an increase in power consumption.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, space-saving chiller system with high pressure resistance performance.
- a chiller system is a chiller system that circulates a coolant between a wafer mounting table and a chiller unit, comprising: an internal circulation path that enables the coolant to circulate inside the chiller unit; An external circulation path that allows the refrigerant to circulate between the mounting base and a control device that controls the chiller unit are provided, and the internal circulation path is provided with a refrigerant tank, an internal circulation pump, and a refrigerator.
- the external circulation route has a feed route from the chiller unit to the wafer mount and a return route from the wafer mount to the chiller unit, and the feed route includes an external circulation pump and a temperature sensor.
- the return path has a communication path that communicates between the return path and the refrigerant tank, the communication path is provided with throttle means for limiting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant tank, and the internal circulation path is a pressurizing path for pressurizing the refrigerant flowing through the return path, provided with an on-off control valve upstream of the refrigerant tank, one end of which is connected upstream of the on-off control valve in the internal circulation path. , the other end of which is connected upstream of the throttling means in the communication path, and the control device controls the operation of the on-off control valve based on the temperature setting value or the measurement result of the temperature sensor.
- the temperature measured by the temperature setting value or the temperature sensor when the temperature measured by the temperature setting value or the temperature sensor is the boiling point of the refrigerant or a temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined margin from the boiling point closes the on-off control valve.
- the temperature measured by the temperature setting value or the temperature sensor when the temperature measured by the temperature setting value or the temperature sensor is less than the boiling point of the refrigerant or the temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined margin from the boiling point opens the on-off control valve.
- a chiller system in the second or third aspect, is provided with a pressure sensor in the return path, and the controller controls the temperature set value or the temperature measured by the temperature sensor to determine the boiling point of the refrigerant ( Alternatively, if the temperature is equal to or higher than the boiling point minus a predetermined margin, pressurization control is performed on the return path based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor.
- control device controls the operation of the internal circulation pump based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor as pressurization control.
- a chiller system is the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein the throttling means is composed of an electrically driven valve capable of adjusting the opening degree of the communication path, and the control device controls the pressure by controlling the pressure Control the opening of the electrically driven valve based on the pressure measured by the sensor.
- a chiller system in any one of the first to sixth aspects, is provided between the internal circulation path and the external circulation path, and externally circulates the refrigerant flowing through the internal circulation path.
- a three-way valve is provided at a connection position between the internal circulation path and the connection path, and the controller controls the operation of the three-way valve based on the measurement result of the temperature sensor.
- the controller opens the connection path by the three-way valve when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a predetermined value.
- control device closes the connection path with the three-way valve when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is lower than the predetermined value.
- a chiller system is a chiller system according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the feeding path is provided with a heater, and the controller controls the heater based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor. to control the heating of the refrigerant.
- a low-cost, space-saving, and high pressure-resistant chiller system can be realized.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the chiller system according to this embodiment.
- a chiller system 1 according to this embodiment includes a chiller unit 10 that circulates a coolant for cooling a wafer mounting table 24, and a control device 40 that controls the entire chiller system 1.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic configuration of the chiller system according to this embodiment.
- a chiller system 1 includes a chiller unit 10 that circulates a coolant for cooling a wafer mounting table 24, and a control device 40 that controls the entire chiller system 1.
- the refrigerant is preferably a liquid that has a relatively low viscosity at low temperatures.
- the coolant is, for example, a fluorine-based inert liquid. More specific examples of fluorine-based inert liquids include Novec 7200 (boiling point: 76° C. under atmospheric pressure) manufactured by 3M and Galden 135 (boiling point: 135° C.) manufactured by Solvay.
- Refrigerants with relatively low viscosities at low temperatures tend to have low boiling points.
- the low boiling point means, for example, a boiling point of about 70°C to about 140°C.
- high boiling points refer to boiling points above, for example, about 150°C.
- the chiller system 1 can be suitably applied to a prober that performs inspections at high temperatures while taking advantage of the refrigerant having a relatively low viscosity at low temperatures.
- refrigerant paths are roughly divided into an internal circulation path C1 and an external circulation path C2.
- the internal circulation path C1 is indicated by a black arrow
- the external circulation path C2 is indicated by a white arrow.
- the direction of the arrow indicates the direction in which the coolant flows.
- the base end side of the arrow is defined as the upstream side of the coolant flow
- the tip end side of the arrow is defined as the downstream side of the coolant flow.
- the internal circulation path C1 allows the refrigerant to circulate between the refrigerant tank 17 and the refrigerator 12 inside the chiller unit 10 .
- the external circulation path C2 allows the coolant to circulate between the chiller unit 10 and the wafer mounting table 24. FIG. When the chiller system 1 is used for a prober that performs inspections at relatively high temperatures, the temperature of the coolant in the external circulation path C2 may reach a high temperature close to the boiling point of the coolant.
- a refrigerant tank 17, an internal circulation pump 11, and a refrigerator 12 are provided in the internal circulation path C1.
- a coolant tank 17 stores coolant.
- the internal circulation pump 11 sends the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant tank 17 to the refrigerator 12 .
- the refrigerator 12 cools the refrigerant to a predetermined temperature.
- a three-way valve 14 is provided downstream of the refrigerator 12 , and a path 13 fluidly connects the refrigerator 12 to the three-way valve 14 .
- a path 15 fluidly connects the three-way valve 14 to the refrigerant tank 17 , and an open/close control valve 16 is provided upstream of the refrigerant tank 17 on the path 15 .
- the open/close control valve 16 is composed of an electrically driven valve such as a solenoid valve or an electric valve.
- a connection path 19 fluidly connects the three-way valve 14 to the suction port of the external circulation pump 21 of the external circulation path C2. That is, the connection path 19 fluidly connects the internal circulation path C1 and the external circulation path C2.
- the three-way valve 14 is provided at a connection position between the path 13 from the refrigerator 12 of the internal circulation path C1, the path 15 returning the refrigerant to the refrigerant tank 17, and the connection path 19.
- the path 13 and the connection path 19 are fluidly connected and the path 15 is closed, and the path 13 and the path 15 are fluidly connected and the connection path 19 is closed. can be switched between closing the The details of the control of the three-way valve 14 will be described later.
- the external circulation route C2 is roughly divided into a feed route 20 and a return route 25.
- the feed path 20 is a path for supplying coolant from the chiller unit 10 to the wafer mounting table 24 .
- a return path 25 is a path for returning the coolant from the wafer mounting table 24 to the chiller unit 10 .
- An external circulation pump 21 , a heater 22 , and a temperature sensor 23 are provided in the feed path 20 in this order from the upstream side (chiller unit 10 side) toward the wafer mounting table 24 .
- the external circulation pump 21 sends the coolant to the wafer mounting table 24 .
- the heater 22 heats the coolant flowing through the feed path 20 .
- a temperature sensor 23 measures the temperature of the coolant flowing through the feed path 20 .
- the wafer mounting table 24 incorporates a coolant channel (not shown).
- the coolant flow path is fluidly connected to the feed path 20 and the return path 25 .
- the temperature of the surface of the wafer mounting table 24 is controlled to a temperature suitable for inspection by a prober (inspection device) by flowing the coolant adjusted to an appropriate temperature through the coolant channel. Since the configuration of the wafer mounting table 24 having the coolant channel is well known, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the coolant that has passed through the coolant channel of the wafer mounting table 24 returns to the chiller unit 10 via the return path 25 .
- the return route 25 branches into a first branch route 29 and a second branch route 27 at a branch point 31 inside the chiller unit 10 .
- a first branch path 29 is fluidly connected to the feed path 20 downstream of the three-way valve 14 and upstream of the external circulation pump 21 .
- a pressure sensor 26 is provided on the first branch path 29 to measure the pressure of the refrigerant in the return path 25 (specifically, in the first branch path 29).
- the second branch path 27 is connected to the refrigerant tank 17 , and a throttle means 28 is provided upstream of the refrigerant tank 17 on the second branch path 27 .
- the throttling means 28 is composed of an orifice (throttle portion) that narrows the cross-section of the flow path in the second branch path 27 , and limits the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the second branch path 27 by this orifice.
- the throttling means 28 may be composed of an electrically driven valve such as an electromagnetic valve or an electric valve, as in a modified example described later.
- the second branch path 27 corresponds to the "communication path" of the present invention.
- the "communication path” is not limited to the second branch path 27, but includes the first branch path 29 communicating with the refrigerant tank 17 via the second branch path 27, the first branch path 29 and It is used as a broad concept including the return route 25 that branches off from the second branch route 27 .
- a pressurization path 30 for pressurizing the return path 25 is provided between the internal circulation path C1 and the external circulation path C2.
- One end of the pressurization path 30 (internal circulation path C1 side) is on the path 15 of the internal circulation path C1, more specifically, between the three-way valve 14 and the on/off control valve 16 (that is, on/off control valve 16 upstream).
- the other end of the pressurizing path 30 (on the side of the external circulation path C2) is on the second branch path 27, more specifically, between the throttle means 28 and the branch point 31 (that is, upstream of the throttle means 28).
- Located in The other end of the pressure path 30 is not limited to being on the second branch path 27, and may be on the first branch path 29, for example.
- a filter 18 is provided in the coolant tank 17 .
- the chiller system 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a filter 18 that adsorbs harmful substances generated in the refrigerant. It is desirable that this filter 18 be provided at a position where it is unlikely to be exposed to high temperatures.
- the filter 18 is provided inside the coolant tank 17 (see FIG. 1). However, this illustration is not intended to limit the position of the filter 18 .
- the control device 40 controls each part of the chiller system 1 (the three-way valve 14, the heater 22, the opening/closing control valve 16, the internal circulation pump 11) based on the measurement results of the temperature sensor 23 and the pressure sensor 26. By performing control, it is possible to locally pressurize the return path 25 of the external circulation path C2 via the pressurization path 30, and to operate the chiller system 1 well while suppressing cavitation of the refrigerant. can be done.
- the refrigerant with a low boiling point is used to ensure performance in the low temperature range, and the refrigerant does not boil even in the high temperature range. can be realized.
- the control device 40 includes a main control section 43 , a temperature control section 41 and a pressure control section 42 .
- the main control part 43 controls each part of the chiller system 1 centralizedly.
- the temperature control unit 41 controls the three-way valve so that the temperature of the refrigerant in the external circulation path C2 is within a predetermined range. 14 switching and heater 22 heating.
- the pressure control unit 42 controls opening and closing of the on-off control valve 16 based on the temperature of the refrigerant in the feed path 20 of the external circulation path C2 measured by the temperature sensor 23. Furthermore, the pressure control unit 42 controls the operation (rotational speed) of the internal circulation pump 11 based on the pressure in the return path 25 (first branch path 29) of the external circulation path C2 measured by the pressure sensor 26. . Thereby, the pressure control unit 42 controls the pressure in the return path 25 of the external circulation path C2 so as to suppress cavitation of the refrigerant.
- Each unit (main control unit 43, temperature control unit 41, and pressure control unit 42) constituting the control device 40 is realized by, for example, a personal computer, a workstation, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or the like.
- the control device 40 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that controls the operation of each device that constitutes the chiller system 1, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a storage device that stores a control program (for example, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or SSD (Solid State Drive, etc.) and SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) that can be used as a work area for the CPU.
- control device 40 receives an operation input by an operator via an operation unit (not shown), transmits a control signal corresponding to the operation input to each unit constituting the chiller system 1, and controls the operation of each device.
- the operation unit includes, for example, a keyboard, mouse, touch panel, or the like.
- the control device 40 measures the temperature of the coolant flowing through the feed path 20 using the temperature sensor 23 (step S10).
- the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 23 indicates a temperature that is approximately (substantially) equal to the temperature of the coolant supplied to the wafer mounting table 24 .
- the temperature control unit 41 of the control device 40 determines whether or not the coolant temperature measured in step S10 is higher than a predetermined value (step S12).
- step S12 When the temperature of the refrigerant is higher than the predetermined value (step S12: YES), the temperature control unit 41 drives the three-way valve 14 to communicate the path 13 on the side of the refrigerator 12 and the connection path 19, and the temperature on the side of the refrigerant tank 17.
- the route 15 is blocked (step S14). That is, the temperature control unit 41 opens the connection path 19 by the three-way valve 14 . After that, the process proceeds to step S22.
- a refrigerant that is cooled by the refrigerator 12 and kept at a constant low temperature circulates in the internal circulation path C1. If the temperature of the coolant measured in step S10 is higher than the predetermined value (set value), it is necessary to lower the temperature of the coolant flowing through the external circulation path C2.
- the temperature control unit 41 connects the path 13 on the side of the refrigerator 12 and the connection path 19 with the three-way valve 14 and closes the path 15 on the side of the refrigerant tank 17 . As a result, the low-temperature refrigerant flowing through the internal circulation path C1 and the high-temperature refrigerant flowing through the external circulation path C2 are mixed to lower the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the external circulation path C2.
- the mixing ratio of the low-temperature refrigerant flowing through the internal circulation path C1 and the high-temperature refrigerant flowing through the external circulation path C2 in the three-way valve 14 is appropriately set by the temperature control unit 41 according to the temperature of the refrigerant measured in step S10. be done.
- step S10 determines whether the temperature of the refrigerant measured in step S10 is equal to or lower than the predetermined value (step S12: NO).
- step S12 determines whether the temperature of the refrigerant is equal to or lower than the predetermined value.
- step S16 the connection path 19 is blocked. This prevents the low-temperature refrigerant flowing through the internal circulation path C1 from flowing through the connection path 19 into the external circulation path C2.
- the temperature of the refrigerant measured by the temperature sensor 23 is fed back to the temperature control unit 41, and the temperature control unit 41 continuously controls the three-way valve 14 based thereon.
- step S16 the temperature control unit 41 determines whether or not the coolant temperature measured in step S10 is within a predetermined range, thereby determining whether to heat the coolant (step S18). If the temperature of the coolant is not within the predetermined temperature range (step S18: YES), the temperature of the coolant in the external circulation path C2 is too low and it is necessary to heat the coolant. Therefore, the temperature control unit 41 heats the coolant using the heater 22 (step S20), and proceeds to step S22. On the other hand, when the temperature of the coolant is within the predetermined temperature range (step S18: NO), the heating of the coolant temperature in the external circulation path C2 is unnecessary, so the process of step S20 (heating of the coolant by the heater 22) is performed. Without performing, the process proceeds to step S22.
- step S22 the pressure control unit 42 of the control device 40 determines whether or not the temperature of the refrigerant or the preset temperature of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the boiling point of the refrigerant under the environment of the external circulation path C2.
- the coolant temperature used in this determination is preferably the coolant temperature measured by the temperature sensor 23 immediately before step S22 is performed. Note that the coolant temperature measured in step S10 may be used.
- the pressure control section 42 closes the open/close control valve 16 (step S24).
- the opening/closing control valve 16 is closed (step S24)
- the second branch path 27 is narrowed by the throttle means 28, so the path from the wafer mounting table 24 to the suction port of the external circulation pump 21 ( That is, the pressing pressure required for sending the refrigerant from the internal circulation path C1 side to the return path 20) also rises.
- the pressure control unit 42 increases the drive rotation speed of the internal circulation pump 11 based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 26 provided in the first branch path 29, thereby increasing the pressure through the pressurization path 30.
- the pushing pressure of the internal circulation pump 11 is increased (step S26).
- the internal circulation pump 11 is configured by an inverter-driven pump.
- the return path 25 of the external circulation path C2 is narrowed by narrowing a portion of the path (second branch path 27) of the refrigerant directed to the refrigerant tank 17 by the throttling means 28 and increasing the pushing pressure of the internal circulation pump 11.
- the pressure inside can be raised above the vapor pressure of the refrigerant.
- the coolant can be circulated well in the external circulation path C2 while suppressing cavitation of the coolant.
- the pressure control is performed as described above.
- the path 20 is in a pressurized state from the beginning because the discharge pressure of the external circulation pump 21 is applied. Therefore, the feeding path 20 is not provided with a mechanism for preventing pressure drop.
- step S22 if the temperature of the refrigerant or the set temperature of the refrigerant is less than the boiling point of the refrigerant (step S22: NO), the controller 40 releases the open/close control valve 16 (step S28).
- the coolant flowing through the internal circulation path C1 can flow into the coolant tank 17 via the path 25 provided with the open/close control valve 16, so that the range of the path from the wafer mounting table 24 to the suction port of the external circulation pump 21 is Pressurization by the pushing pressure of the internal circulation pump 11 is not performed inside (that is, inside the return path 25 of the external circulation path C2).
- the internal circulation pump 11 does not pressurize by the pushing pressure, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the coolant channel in the wafer mounting table 24 can be increased.
- a large cooling effect on the wafer mounting table 24 can be obtained by increasing the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the inner coolant passage.
- the control device 40 repeats the processing from step S10 to step S28 during operation of the chiller system 1 (step S30). Thereby, the chiller system 1 can be satisfactorily operated while suppressing the cavitation of the refrigerant.
- the case where the pressure control unit 42 opens and closes the on-off control valve 16 is determined based on whether the temperature of the refrigerant or the set temperature of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the boiling point of the refrigerant.
- the external circulation pump 21 it is necessary to pressurize the refrigerant to a saturated vapor pressure or higher, and it is also necessary to consider the pressure reduction at the suction portion of the external circulation pump 21.
- the opening/closing of the on-off control valve 16 may be determined based on whether or not the temperature of the refrigerant or the set temperature of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the boiling point of the refrigerant minus a predetermined margin considering these pressure fluctuations. .
- the operation of the opening/closing control valve 16 provided in the internal circulation path C1 is based on the measurement result of the temperature sensor 23 provided in the external circulation path C1.
- the refrigerant with a low boiling point is used to ensure performance in the low temperature range, and the refrigerant does not boil even in the high temperature range. can be realized.
- the on-off control valve 16 is closed so that the pressurization path 30 pressurizes the wafer mounting table.
- 24 to the suction port of the external circulation pump 21 (that is, the inside of the return path 25 of the external circulation path C2) is pressurized by the pushing pressure of the internal circulation pump 11 .
- the pushing pressure of the internal circulation pump 11 is increased by increasing the driving rotation speed of the internal circulation pump 11 based on the measurement result of the pressure sensor 26 provided in the external circulation path C1.
- the pressure in the return path 25 of the external circulation path C2 can be increased to suppress cavitation of the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant flowing through the internal circulation path C1 is controlled by opening the on-off control valve 16. Since the refrigerant can flow into the refrigerant tank 17 via the path 25 provided with the valve 16, pressurization by the pushing pressure of the internal circulation pump 11 is not performed. Therefore, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the coolant channel in the wafer mounting table 24 is increased, and the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the coolant channel in the wafer mounting table 24 increases. A large cooling effect can be obtained.
- connection path 19 connecting between the internal circulation path C1 and the external circulation path C2 is based on the measurement result of the temperature sensor 23 provided in the external circulation path C1. is opened or closed by the three-way valve 14 to cause the cold refrigerant flowing through the internal circulation path C1 to circulate within the internal circulation path C1 or flow into the external circulation path C2.
- the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the external circulation path C2 can be controlled within a predetermined range.
- the pressure control unit 42 controls the drive rotation speed of the internal circulation pump 11 based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 26.
- the throttling means 28 is configured by an electrically driven valve (solenoid valve, electric valve, etc.) capable of adjusting the opening degree of the second branch path 27, and the pressure sensor 26 measures The degree of opening of the electrically driven valve may be controlled based on the pressure.
- the drive rotation speed of the internal circulation pump 11 is controlled based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 26, and an electrically driven valve constituting the throttle means 28 is used. You may make it use both together with controlling the opening degree of.
- SYMBOLS 1 Chiller system, 10... Chiller unit, 11... Internal circulation pump, 12... Refrigerator, 13, 15... Path, 14... Three-way valve, 16... Opening/closing control valve, 17... Refrigerant tank, 18... Filter, 19... Connection Path 20 Feed path 21 External circulation pump 22 Heater 23 Temperature sensor 24 Wafer mounting table 25 Return path 26 Pressure sensor 27 Second branch path 28 Throttle means 29... First branch route, 30... Pressurization route, 31... Branch point, 40... Control device, C1... Internal circulation route, C2... External circulation route
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Or Measuring Of Semiconductors Or The Like (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
- Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係るチラーシステム1によれば、外部循環経路C1に設けられた温度センサ23の測定結果に基づいて、内部循環経路C1に設けられた開閉制御弁16の動作を制御することにより、加圧経路30を介して外部循環経路C2の一部(戻り経路25)を局所的に加圧することが可能となり、冷媒のキャビテーションを抑制しつつ、チラーシステム1を良好に運転することができる。これにより、耐圧性能を高めるために必要となるコスト及び装置の大型化を招くことなく、低沸点を有する冷媒を使用して低温領域での性能を確保しつつ、高温領域でも沸騰させずに冷媒を送液することが可能なシステムを実現することができる。その結果、低コスト及び省スペースで、高耐圧性能を有するチラーシステムを実現することができる。
上記の実施形態では、内部循環ポンプ11の押し込み圧を上昇させる方法として、圧力制御部42が、圧力センサ26によって測定された圧力に基づいて内部循環ポンプ11の駆動回転数を制御する場合を示したが、これに限らず、例えば、絞り手段28を、第2分岐経路27の開度を調整可能な電気的駆動弁(電磁弁、電動弁等)で構成し、圧力センサ26によって測定された圧力に基づいて電気的駆動弁の開度を制御するようにしてもよい。
Claims (7)
- ウェハ搭載台とチラーユニットとの間で冷媒を循環させるチラーシステムであって、
前記チラーユニットの内部で前記冷媒を循環可能とする内部循環経路と、
前記チラーユニットと前記ウェハ搭載台との間で前記冷媒を循環可能とする外部循環経路と、
前記チラーユニットを制御する制御装置と、
を備え、
前記内部循環経路には、冷媒タンクと、内部循環ポンプと、冷凍機と、が設けられ、
前記外部循環経路は、前記チラーユニットから前記ウェハ搭載台へ向かう送り経路と、前記ウェハ搭載台から前記チラーユニットへ戻る戻り経路と、を有し、
前記送り経路には、外部循環ポンプと、温度センサと、が設けられ、
前記戻り経路は、前記戻り経路と前記冷媒タンクとの間を連通する連通経路を有し、
前記連通経路には、前記冷媒タンクに流入する前記冷媒の流量を制限する絞り手段が設けられ、
前記内部循環経路には、前記冷媒タンクよりも上流側に開閉制御弁が設けられ、
前記戻り経路を流れる前記冷媒を加圧するための加圧経路であって、一方端が前記内部循環経路において前記開閉制御弁よりも上流側に接続され、他方端が前記連通経路において前記絞り手段よりも上流側に接続される加圧経路を有し、
前記制御装置は、温度設定値または前記温度センサの測定結果に基づいて前記開閉制御弁の動作を制御する、
チラーシステム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記温度設定値または前記温度センサによって測定された温度が前記冷媒の沸点もしくは、沸点から所定マージンを引いた温度以上である場合には、前記開閉制御弁を閉塞する、
請求項1に記載のチラーシステム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記温度設定値または前記温度センサによって測定された温度が前記冷媒の沸点もしくは、沸点から所定マージンを引いた温度未満である場合には、前記開閉制御弁を開放する、
請求項2に記載のチラーシステム。 - 前記戻り経路には、圧力センサが設けられ、
前記制御装置は、前記温度設定値または前記温度センサによって測定された温度が前記冷媒の沸点以上である場合には、前記圧力センサによって測定された圧力に基づいて前記戻り経路に対する加圧制御を実行する、
請求項2又は3に記載のチラーシステム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記加圧制御として、前記圧力センサによって測定された圧力に基づいて前記内部循環ポンプの動作を制御する、
請求項4に記載のチラーシステム。 - 前記絞り手段は、前記連通経路の開度を調整可能な電気的駆動弁により構成され、
前記制御装置は、前記加圧制御として、前記圧力センサによって測定された圧力に基づいて前記電気的駆動弁の開度を制御する、
請求項4又は5に記載のチラーシステム。 - 前記内部循環経路と前記外部循環経路との間に設けられ、且つ、前記内部循環経路を流れる前記冷媒を前記外部循環経路に送出する接続経路を有し、
前記内部循環経路と前記接続経路との接続位置に三方弁が設けられ、
前記制御装置は、前記温度センサの測定結果に基づいて前記三方弁の動作を制御する、
請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載のチラーシステム。
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| DE112022006395.5T DE112022006395B4 (de) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-12-12 | Kühlanlage |
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| JP2019169547A (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社東京精密 | プローバの冷却システム |
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| JP2019117231A (ja) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | 冷却装置、半導体製造装置および半導体製造方法 |
| JP2019169547A (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社東京精密 | プローバの冷却システム |
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