WO2023134152A1 - 一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2023134152A1
WO2023134152A1 PCT/CN2022/110118 CN2022110118W WO2023134152A1 WO 2023134152 A1 WO2023134152 A1 WO 2023134152A1 CN 2022110118 W CN2022110118 W CN 2022110118W WO 2023134152 A1 WO2023134152 A1 WO 2023134152A1
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welding wire
stainless steel
covered
coated
welding
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PCT/CN2022/110118
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐锴
梁晓梅
黄瑞生
王猛
方乃文
王星星
江来珠
郭枭
武鹏博
何鹏
王庆江
温国栋
苏金花
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哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司
哈尔滨威尔焊接有限责任公司
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Priority to JP2023555703A priority Critical patent/JP2024512923A/ja
Publication of WO2023134152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134152A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and in particular relates to a coated welding wire suitable for bottom welding of nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and a preparation method thereof.
  • the conventional method of welding stainless steel pipes is to use solid wire argon arc welding for bottom welding.
  • the inner side of the pipe In order to prevent oxidation of the weld bead surface, the inner side of the pipe must be filled with argon for protection, which leads to problems such as low work efficiency and high production costs, and the welding quality is not easy to control.
  • the present invention provides a coating welding wire suitable for back welding of nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and a preparation method thereof.
  • the welding wire suitable for back welding of nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel provided by the invention.
  • the welding quality of the stainless steel pipe can be improved, the production cost can be reduced, and the working efficiency can be improved.
  • the chemical composition and the mass fraction of each element of the deposited metal of the covered welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel bottom welding provided by the present invention are: C ⁇ 0.05%, Si ⁇ 0.90%, Mn: 3.50% ⁇ 5.00% , P ⁇ 0.020%, S ⁇ 0.020%, Cr: 15.00% ⁇ 17.00%, Ni: 1.50% ⁇ 2.50%, Mo ⁇ 0.55%, Cu ⁇ 1.50%, N: 0.10% ⁇ 0.20% and the balance of Fe.
  • the coated welding wire is composed of a coating and a stainless steel welding core, and the coating is prepared from coating powder and sodium silicate, wherein the coating powder consists of 20% to 40% arc stabilizer by mass fraction %, 40% to 60% of slagging agent, 10% to 20% of lubricant and the balance of alloy powder.
  • the arc stabilizing agent is a mixture of potassium titanate and sodium carbonate.
  • the mass ratio of the coating powder to sodium water glass is 100:(10-20), and the modulus of the sodium water glass is 2.6-2.9.
  • the mass ratio of potassium titanate to sodium carbonate in the arc stabilizer is (2.5-5):1.
  • the slagging agent is composed of rutile, calcite, fluorite and quartz, and the mass ratio of the rutile, calcite, fluorite and quartz is 10: (2.5-3.5): (1.5-2.5): (0.5-1.5) .
  • the lubricant is a mixture of titanium dioxide and white clay, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide and white clay is (1.5-2.5):1.
  • the present invention provides the preparation method of the covered welding wire suitable for nickel-saving type austenitic stainless steel backing welding described in the above scheme, which is carried out according to the following steps:
  • Step 1 Mix and stir the raw materials according to the composition and proportion of the coating powder until uniform, then add sodium water glass and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the coating blank;
  • Step 2 Preheat and keep warm the coating blank obtained in step 1, and then coat it on the outside of the stainless steel welding core, let it dry naturally overnight, and then transfer it to a drying oven to dry, so as to obtain a primer suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel Welding covered wire.
  • the preheating temperature in step 2 is 100-150° C., and the holding time is 5 min-10 min.
  • the diameter of the stainless steel welding core in step 2 is 1.6mm-2.4mm, and the coating thickness is 0.5mm-1.5mm.
  • drying parameters in step 2 are: the temperature is 300-350°C, and the time is 1h-3h.
  • the present invention uses the combination of manganese and nitrogen to replace nickel to obtain an austenite structure, which can save a lot of nickel resources and greatly reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the molten flux penetrates into the back of the molten pool, and the back weld forms a dense protective layer without being oxidized, eliminating a series of procedures such as argon filling, which can significantly Improve work efficiency and greatly reduce production costs.
  • potassium titanate and sodium carbonate are used as arc stabilizing agents, and the synergistic effect of K + and Na + with low ionization potential is used to reduce the ionization potential of the arc atmosphere, thereby greatly improving the stability of the arc.
  • the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
  • the materials, reagents, methods and instruments used are conventional materials, reagents, methods and instruments in this field unless otherwise specified, and those skilled in the art can obtain them through commercial channels.
  • alloy powders described in the following examples are conventional alloy powders that can provide elements of Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, and Fe in the art.
  • the chemical composition and the mass fraction of each element of a coated welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel root welding in this embodiment are: C: 0.041%, Si: 0.62%, Mn: 4.52%, P: 0.018%, S: 0.010%, Cr: 16.22%, Ni: 1.81%, Mo: 0.25%, Cu: 1.20%, N: 0.15% and the balance of Fe;
  • the coated welding wire is composed of a coating and a stainless steel welding core, and the coating is prepared from coating powder and sodium silicate, wherein the coating powder consists of 30% arc stabilizing agent (potassium titanate 22 % + sodium carbonate 8%), slagging agent 48% (rutile 30% + calcite 9% + fluorite 6% + quartz 3%), lubricant 15% (titanium dioxide 10% + white mud 5%) and the balance
  • the alloy powder is mixed, the mass ratio of the coating powder and sodium water glass is 100:15, the modulus of the sodium water glass is 2.8, and the diameter of the stainless steel welding core is 2mm;
  • Step 1 Mix and stir the raw materials according to the composition and proportion of the coating powder until uniform, then add sodium water glass and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the coating blank;
  • Step 2 Preheat the coating blank obtained in step 1 at 100°C and keep it warm for 5 minutes, then coat it on the outside of the stainless steel welding core with a coating thickness of 1.2mm, dry it naturally for 24 hours, and then transfer it to a drying oven for drying.
  • the drying temperature is 320°C, and the drying time is 2 hours per hour, and the coated welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel bottom welding is obtained.
  • the chemical composition and the mass fraction of each element of a coated welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel bottom welding in this embodiment are: C: 0.044%, Si: 0.65%, Mn: 4.63%, P: 0.019%, S: 0.010%, Cr: 16.52%, Ni: 1.93%, Mo: 0.26%, Cu: 1.01%, N: 0.15% and the balance of Fe;
  • the coated welding wire is composed of a coating and a stainless steel welding core, and the coating is prepared from coating powder and sodium silicate, wherein the coating powder consists of 29% arc stabilizing agent (potassium titanate 24 % + sodium carbonate 5%), slagging agent 48% (rutile 30% + calcite 9% + fluorite 6% + quartz 3%), lubricant 12% (titanium dioxide 8% + white mud 4%) and the balance Alloy powder is mixed, and the mass ratio of described skin powder and sodium water glass is 100:15, and the modulus of sodium water glass is 2.8;
  • the diameter of the stainless steel welding core is 2mm;
  • Step 1 Mix and stir the raw materials according to the composition and proportion of the coating powder until uniform, then add sodium water glass and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the coating blank;
  • Step 2 Preheat the coating blank obtained in step 1 at 100°C and keep it warm for 5 minutes, then coat it on the outside of the stainless steel welding core with a coating thickness of 1.2mm, dry it naturally for 24 hours, and then transfer it to a drying oven for drying.
  • the drying temperature is 320°C, and the drying time is 2 hours per hour, and the coated welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel bottom welding is obtained.
  • the chemical composition and the mass fraction of each element of a coated welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel bottom welding in this comparative example are: C: 0.042%, Si: 0.64%, Mn: 4.55%, P: 0.019%, S: 0.010%, Cr: 16.20%, Ni: 1.76%, Mo: 0.25%, Cu: 1.22%, N: 0.15% and the balance of Fe;
  • the coated welding wire is composed of a coating and a stainless steel welding core, and the coating is prepared from coating powder and sodium silicate, wherein the coating powder consists of 30% arc stabilizing agent (potassium titanate 22 % + feldspar 8%), slagging agent 48% (rutile 30% + calcite 9% + fluorite 6% + quartz 3%), lubricant 15% (titanium dioxide 10% + white mud 5%) and the balance Alloy powder is mixed, and the mass ratio of described skin powder and sodium water glass is 100:15, and the modulus of sodium water glass is 2.8;
  • the diameter of the stainless steel welding core is 2mm;
  • Step 1 Mix and stir the raw materials according to the composition and proportion of the coating powder until uniform, then add sodium water glass and continue stirring until uniform to obtain the coating blank;
  • Step 2 Preheat the coating blank obtained in step 1 at 100°C and keep it warm for 5 minutes, then coat it on the outside of the stainless steel welding core with a coating thickness of 1.2mm, dry it naturally for 24 hours, and then transfer it to a drying oven for drying.
  • the drying temperature is 320°C, and the drying time is 2 hours per hour, and the coated welding wire suitable for nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel bottom welding is obtained.
  • Example 1 and Example 2 the single-sided welding and double-sided welding of the welding wires in Example 1 and Example 2 are well formed, the back weld seam is silver-white metallic luster, the slag falls off naturally, and the arc is stable;
  • the welding arc of Comparative Example 1 is unstable, which leads to poor formation of both sides of single-sided welding and uneven weld surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法，药皮焊丝由药皮和不锈钢焊芯组成，药皮由药皮粉料和钠水玻璃制备而成，其中药皮粉料由稳弧剂、造渣剂、润滑剂和余量的合金粉混合而成，稳弧剂为钛酸钾和碳酸钠的混合物。

Description

一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法
本申请要求于2022年01月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210026990.0、发明名称为“一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于焊接材料技术领域，具体涉及一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法。
背景技术
不锈钢管道焊接常规方法是采用实心焊丝氩弧焊进行打底焊接，为了防止焊道表面氧化，管道内侧必须充氩气进行保护，因此导致工作效率低、生产成本高等问题，且焊接质量不易控制。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝及其制备方法，本发明提供的适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的焊丝可以提高不锈钢管道焊接质量、降低生产成本、提高工作效率。
本发明提供的适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝熔敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C≤0.05％、Si≤0.90％、Mn：3.50％～5.00％、P≤0.020％、S≤0.020％、Cr：15.00％～17.00％、Ni：1.50％～2.50％、Mo≤0.55％、Cu≤1.50％、N：0.10％～0.20％和余量的Fe。
进一步限定，所述药皮焊丝由药皮和不锈钢焊芯组成，所述药皮由药皮粉料和钠水玻璃制备而成，其中药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂20％～40％、造渣剂40％～60％，润滑剂10％～20％和余量的合金粉混合而成，所述稳弧剂为钛酸钾和碳酸钠的混合物。
进一步限定，所述药皮粉料和钠水玻璃的质量比为100：(10～20)，所述钠水玻璃的模数为2.6～2.9。
进一步限定，所述稳弧剂中钛酸钾和碳酸钠的质量比为(2.5～5)：1。
进一步限定，所述造渣剂由金红石、方解石、萤石和石英组成，所述金红石、方解石、萤石和石英的质量比为10：(2.5～3.5)：(1.5～2.5)：(0.5～1.5)。
进一步限定，所述润滑剂为钛白粉和白泥的混合物，所述钛白粉和白泥的质量比为(1.5～2.5):1。
本发明提供了上述方案所述适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝的制备方法，按以下步骤进行：
步骤1：按药皮粉料组成及配比将各原料混合搅拌至均匀，然后加入钠水玻璃继续搅拌至混匀，得到药皮坯料；
步骤2：将步骤1得到的药皮坯料预热并保温，然后涂覆于不锈钢焊芯外，自然晾干过夜后转入烘干炉烘干，得到适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝。
进一步限定，步骤2中所述预热的温度为100～150℃，保温时间为5min～10min。
进一步限定，步骤2中所述不锈钢焊芯的直径为1.6mm～2.4mm，涂覆厚度为0.5mm～1.5mm。
进一步限定，步骤2中所述烘干的参数为：温度为300～350℃，时间为1h～3h。
本发明相比于现有技术的优点：
1)本发明利用锰、氮相结合代替镍元素以获得奥氏体组织，可以节省大量镍资源，大幅降低制造成本。
2)使用本发明的药皮焊丝进行打底焊接时，熔化的焊药渗透到熔池背面，背面焊缝形成致密的保护层而不被氧化，省去了充氩等一系列程序，能显著提高工作效率、大幅降低生产成本。
3)本发明采用钛酸钾和碳酸钠作为稳弧剂，利用电离电位低的K +和Na +协同作用降低电弧气氛的电离电位，大幅提高电弧的稳定性。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明均为常规方法。所用材料、试剂、方法和仪器，未经特殊说明，均为本领域常规材料、试剂、方 法和仪器，本领域技术人员均可通过商业渠道获得。
下述实施例中所述合金粉为本领域可提供Mn、Cr、Ni、Mo、Cu、Fe元素的常规合金粉。
实施例1：
本实施例的一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝熔敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C：0.041％、Si：0.62％、Mn：4.52％、P：0.018％、S：0.010％、Cr：16.22％、Ni：1.81％、Mo：0.25％、Cu：1.20％、N：0.15％和余量的Fe；
所述药皮焊丝由药皮和不锈钢焊芯组成，所述药皮由药皮粉料和钠水玻璃制备而成，其中药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂30％(钛酸钾22％+碳酸钠8％)，造渣剂48％(金红石30％+方解石9％+萤石6％+石英3％)，润滑剂15％(钛白粉10％+白泥5％)和余量的合金粉混合而成，所述药皮粉料和钠水玻璃的质量比为100：15，钠水玻璃的模数为2.8，所述不锈钢焊芯的直径为2mm；
制备上述焊丝的方法按以下步骤进行：
步骤1：按药皮粉料组成及配比将各原料混合搅拌至均匀，然后加入钠水玻璃继续搅拌至混匀，得到药皮坯料；
步骤2：将步骤1得到的药皮坯料于100℃下预热并保温5min，然后涂覆于不锈钢焊芯外，涂覆厚度为1.2mm，自然晾干24h后转入烘干炉烘干，烘干温度为320℃，时烘干时间为2h，得到适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝。
实施例2：
本实施例的一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝熔敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C：0.044％、Si：0.65％、Mn：4.63％、P：0.019％、S：0.010％、Cr：16.52％、Ni：1.93％、Mo：0.26％、Cu：1.01％、N：0.15％和余量的Fe；
所述药皮焊丝由药皮和不锈钢焊芯组成，所述药皮由药皮粉料和钠水玻璃制备而成，其中药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂29％(钛酸钾24％+碳酸钠5％)，造渣剂48％(金红石30％+方解石9％+萤石6％+石英3％)，润滑剂12％(钛白粉8％+白泥4％)和余量的合金粉混合而成，所述药皮粉料 和钠水玻璃的质量比为100：15，钠水玻璃的模数为2.8；
所述不锈钢焊芯的直径为2mm；
制备上述焊丝的方法按以下步骤进行：
步骤1：按药皮粉料组成及配比将各原料混合搅拌至均匀，然后加入钠水玻璃继续搅拌至混匀，得到药皮坯料；
步骤2：将步骤1得到的药皮坯料于100℃下预热并保温5min，然后涂覆于不锈钢焊芯外，涂覆厚度为1.2mm，自然晾干24h后转入烘干炉烘干，烘干温度为320℃，时烘干时间为2h，得到适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝。
对比例1：
本对比例的一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝熔敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C：0.042％、Si：0.64％、Mn：4.55％、P：0.019％、S：0.010％、Cr：16.20％、Ni：1.76％、Mo：0.25％、Cu：1.22％、N：0.15％和余量的Fe；
所述药皮焊丝由药皮和不锈钢焊芯组成，所述药皮由药皮粉料和钠水玻璃制备而成，其中药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂30％(钛酸钾22％+长石8％)，造渣剂48％(金红石30％+方解石9％+萤石6％+石英3％)，润滑剂15％(钛白粉10％+白泥5％)和余量的合金粉混合而成，所述药皮粉料和钠水玻璃的质量比为100：15，钠水玻璃的模数为2.8；
所述不锈钢焊芯的直径为2mm；
制备上述焊丝的方法按以下步骤进行：
步骤1：按药皮粉料组成及配比将各原料混合搅拌至均匀，然后加入钠水玻璃继续搅拌至混匀，得到药皮坯料；
步骤2：将步骤1得到的药皮坯料于100℃下预热并保温5min，然后涂覆于不锈钢焊芯外，涂覆厚度为1.2mm，自然晾干24h后转入烘干炉烘干，烘干温度为320℃，时烘干时间为2h，得到适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝。
验证试验
采用实施例1、实施例2和对比例1的药皮焊丝，在焊接电流70～90A、电弧电压10～12V和焊接速度50～120mm/min的工艺参数下横焊焊接，试 板母材为08Cr19Mn6Ni3Cu2N低镍奥氏体不锈钢材质锻件，坡口角度＝60±5°，坡口根部间隙＝2～3mm，坡口钝边＝0～1mm。
实施例1和实施例2的焊丝打底焊单面焊双面成形良好，背面焊缝呈银白色金属光泽，熔渣自然脱落，电弧稳定；
对比例1与实施例1的焊丝相比，焊接电弧不稳定，导致单面焊双面成形较差，焊缝表面起伏不平。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种适用于节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮焊丝的熔敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C≤0.05％、Si≤0.90％、Mn：3.50％～5.00％、P≤0.020％、S≤0.020％、Cr：15.00％～17.00％、Ni：1.50％～2.50％、Mo≤0.55％、Cu≤1.50％、N：0.10％～0.20％和余量的Fe。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮焊丝由药皮和不锈钢焊芯组成，所述药皮由药皮粉料和钠水玻璃制备而成，其中药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂20％～40％、造渣剂40％～60％、润滑剂10％～20％和余量的合金粉混合而成，所述稳弧剂为钛酸钾和碳酸钠的混合物。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮粉料和钠水玻璃的质量比为100：(10～20)，所述钠水玻璃的模数为2.6～2.9。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述稳弧剂中钛酸钾和碳酸钠的质量比为(2.5～5)：1。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述造渣剂由金红石、方解石、萤石和石英组成，所述金红石、方解石、萤石和石英的质量比为10：(2.5～3.5)：(1.5～2.5)：(0.5～1.5)。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述润滑剂为钛白粉和白泥的混合物，所述钛白粉和白泥的质量比为(1.5～2.5):1。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮粉料和钠水玻璃的质量比为100：15，所述钠水玻璃的模数为2.8。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂30％、造渣剂48％、润滑剂15％和余量的合金粉混合而成。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮粉料按质量分数由稳弧剂29％、造渣剂48％、润滑剂12％和余量的合金粉混合而成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮焊丝熔 敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C：0.041％、Si：0.62％、Mn：4.52％、P：0.018％、S：0.010％、Cr：16.22％、Ni：1.81％、Mo：0.25％、Cu：1.20％、N：0.15％和余量的Fe。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的药皮焊丝，其特征在于，所述药皮焊丝熔敷金属的化学成分及各元素质量分数为：C：0.044％、Si：0.65％、Mn：4.63％、P：0.019％、S：0.010％、Cr：16.52％、Ni：1.93％、Mo：0.26％、Cu：1.01％、N：0.15％和余量的Fe。
  12. 权利要求2～11任意一项所述药皮焊丝的制备方法，其特征在于，按以下步骤进行：
    步骤1：按药皮粉料组成及配比将各原料混合搅拌至均匀，然后加入钠水玻璃继续搅拌至混匀，得到药皮坯料；
    步骤2：将步骤1得到的药皮坯料预热并保温，然后涂覆于不锈钢焊芯外，自然晾干过夜后转入烘干炉烘干，得到所述药皮焊丝。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中所述预热的温度为100～150℃，保温时间为5min～10min。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中所述不锈钢焊芯的直径为1.6mm～2.4mm，涂覆厚度为0.5mm～1.5mm。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中所述烘干的参数为：温度为300～350℃，时间为1h～3h。
  16. 权利要求2～11任一项所述药皮焊丝或权利要求12～15任一项所述制备方法制备得到的药皮焊丝在节镍型奥氏体不锈钢打底焊中的应用，所述打底焊在不充氩气条件下进行。
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