WO2023130782A1 - 一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023130782A1 WO2023130782A1 PCT/CN2022/123769 CN2022123769W WO2023130782A1 WO 2023130782 A1 WO2023130782 A1 WO 2023130782A1 CN 2022123769 W CN2022123769 W CN 2022123769W WO 2023130782 A1 WO2023130782 A1 WO 2023130782A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cable
- base
- long
- rotating shaft
- rotating
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H49/00—Unwinding or paying-out filamentary material; Supporting, storing or transporting packages from which filamentary material is to be withdrawn or paid-out
- B65H49/18—Methods or apparatus in which packages rotate
- B65H49/20—Package-supporting devices
- B65H49/24—Rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H57/00—Guides for filamentary materials; Supports therefor
- B65H57/14—Pulleys, rollers, or rotary bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H67/00—Replacing or removing cores, receptacles, or completed packages at paying-out, winding, or depositing stations
- B65H67/02—Arrangements for removing spent cores or receptacles and replacing by supply packages at paying-out stations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
- B65H2701/34—Handled filamentary material electric cords or electric power cables
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of power transmission and transformation engineering, in particular to a system and method for deploying long-distance and large-diameter cables under complex terrain.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system and method under complex terrain, which adopts a vertical cable deployment device to place the cable vertically and rotate it by a rotating bracket
- the cable can be driven to be deployed, and the deployment operation is simple and efficient, and will reduce the safety risk of construction personnel.
- the present invention proposes a long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system under complex terrain, including a vertical cable deployment device.
- the vertical cable deployment device includes a base and a rotating bracket. Guide rails are set on the top, and rollers are fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating bracket, and the rollers are placed in the guide rails; the middle part of the rotating bracket is also fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is set beyond the top of the rotating bracket to support the cable reel, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected with the base, and the rotating shaft and the base A positioning sleeve is set between them to quickly locate the rotating bracket.
- the rotating support includes a circular support frame, and rollers are arranged on the bottom of the support frame along its circumference.
- the support frame includes a cross-shaped support, and a steel plate is fixed on the top of the cross-shaped support.
- the rotating shaft is arranged through the rotating support, and the length of the rotating shaft below the rotating support is smaller than the length of the rotating shaft above the rotating support.
- the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected with the bearing, and the bearing is fixed on the top of the base.
- a seamless steel pipe is arranged in the center of the base to form a mounting groove, and the bearing is fixed in the mounting groove.
- the base includes a chassis, and the guide rail is fixed on the top of the chassis in a circular structure.
- the chassis includes a cross-shaped structure, and the top of the cross-shaped structure is fixed with a steel plate to form a square structure.
- the vertical cable deployment device is arranged on the auxiliary engineering vehicle
- the auxiliary engineering vehicle has a boom
- a guide pulley block is arranged at the end of the boom to guide the cables.
- the present invention proposes a method for using the long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system under complex terrain as described above, including the following steps:
- the present invention is equipped with a vertical cable deployment device, which places the cable vertically, avoiding the problem that the cable reel needs to be rotated in real time to adjust the position of the cable reel when placed horizontally; Rotating bracket, the rotating bracket drives the cable reel to rotate to unfold the cables, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cables are not easy to be damaged.
- the present invention is equipped with an auxiliary engineering vehicle, a vertical cable deployment device, and a guide pulley block.
- the cables introduced into the cable trench are bound, and only the engineering vehicle only needs to move along the road direction.
- the automatic laying of cables can not only adapt to complex terrain, but also does not require human involvement and guidance, effectively avoiding the risk of laying personnel being squeezed and tripped by cables, and improving the safety of cable laying.
- spare cable reels are placed on the flat plate of the auxiliary engineering vehicle of the present invention. After the cable reels are laid, only the cable reels on the rotating bracket need to be taken off by the lifting arm, and the spare cable reels are reinstalled on the Just put it on the rotating bracket, no need to replace the pay-off frame or the pay-off device, which effectively shortens the time for laying out long-distance cables.
- the cable reel of the present invention When the cable reel of the present invention is installed, the cable reel can be stably installed on the rotating support only by inserting the rotating shaft into the cable reel. efficiency.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system under complex terrain according to one or more embodiments of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a vertical cable deployment device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a top structural schematic diagram of a base according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the A-A sectional structure of the base shown in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a rotating bracket according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the B-B sectional structure of the rotating bracket shown in Fig. 5;
- the traditional construction method often occurs that the cable is impacted or squeezed by foreign objects, and the cable protective layer is worn, and the non-mechanical deployment method based on manpower is inefficient, and the construction personnel are affected by the cable.
- Extrusion, tripping and other safety risks; ordinary mechanical deployment methods have many disadvantages for complex terrain areas and long-distance cable deployment, such as the need for auxiliary cable transportation, multiple replacement of pay-off racks or pay-off devices, etc.
- the present invention A long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system and application method under complex terrain are proposed.
- a long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system under complex terrain including a vertical cable deployment device, an auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 and a guide pulley block 5.
- the vertical cable deployment device is set on the flat plate of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1, mainly used for the support of the cable reel 2, the guide pulley block 5 is arranged at the end of the boom of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1, and the cable 6 wound on the cable reel 2
- the guide pulley group 5 Through the guiding effect of the guide pulley group 5, it is laid in the excavated cable trench 7, and the cable bracket 8 is also provided in the cable trench 7, which not only facilitates the classified laying of the cables 6, but also effectively prevents the heat released by the cables from affecting the performance of the cables. Ampacity.
- the vertical cable deployment device is composed of a rotating bracket 3 and a base 4, the base and the rotating bracket are all horizontally arranged, the rotating bracket 3 is rotated and arranged on the base 4, and the rotating bracket 2 is used to support the cable reel 2, thereby Drive the cable reel 2 to rotate relative to the base 4 .
- the base 4 is welded by channel steel, seamless steel pipe, steel plate and round steel, wherein the round steel is distributed in a cross shape and welded with the steel plate as a chassis 16 of the base 4, and the chassis 16 is Square structure, the chassis 16 plays the main supporting role, the channel steel is welded into a circular structure and welded on the top surface of the chassis 16 as the guide rail 10, the outer circle of the guide rail 10 is tangent to the four sides of the chassis 16, and the base 4 is fixedly arranged on the flat plate of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1.
- the seamless steel pipe is welded at the center of the upper surface of the base 4, and the inner diameter of the seamless steel pipe is machined to form a mounting groove 13 for mounting the bearing.
- the bearing 14 adopts a thrust bearing, and the outer diameter of the bearing 14 matches the mounting groove 13, so that the bearing 14 is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove 13, and the upper end surface of the bearing 14 is flush with the upper end surface of the mounting groove 13, and the bearing 14 The lower end surface is in contact with the upper surface of the chassis 16 .
- a positioning sleeve 15 is arranged between the upper end of the bearing 14 and the rotating bracket 3, and the positioning sleeve not only supports the rotating bracket, but also positions it.
- paint anti-corrosion treatment is carried out on the non-processed surfaces of each part of the base 4 to improve the anti-corrosion ability of the base 4 .
- the rotating support 3 is composed of a support frame 11, a rotating shaft 12 and a roller 9, wherein the support frame 11 is welded by channel steel and steel plate, and the channel steel is arranged in a cross shape and welded to form a cross support , the steel plate is placed on the top of the cross-shaped support and welded to form the support frame 11.
- the bottom of the support frame 11 is provided with a number of rollers 9, and in this embodiment, there are four rollers 9, which are respectively arranged on the bottom of the support frame along the circumferential direction.
- the supporting frame 11 has a circular shape as a whole, and the diameter of the supporting frame 11 is the same as that of the guide rail 10 on the base 4 .
- support frame 11 is also welded with seamless steel pipe as rotating shaft 12, and rotating shaft 12 runs through support frame 11, and the length of rotating shaft 12 at the bottom of support frame 11 is shorter than the length of rotating shaft 12 at the top of support frame 11.
- the outer diameter of the part of the rotating shaft 12 located at the bottom of the support frame 11 is machined to install the thrust bearing.
- the positioning sleeve 15 is sleeved on the machined part of the rotating shaft 12 and fixedly connected, and the lower end of the machined part of the rotating shaft 12
- the distance from the bottom of the rotating shaft 12 is the same as the height of the bearing 14, and the lower end of the machined part of the rotating shaft 12 is connected with the bearing.
- the distance between the bottom of the support frame 11 and the upper end surface of the base 4 should be the sum of the heights of the bearing 14 and the positioning sleeve 15, and the length of the rotating shaft 12 at the bottom of the support frame 11 is also the height of the bearing 14 and the positioning sleeve 15. And, so that the effective cooperation between the bearing 14 and the positioning sleeve 15 can be ensured, and the positioning sleeve 15 can be prevented from moving up and down along the rotating shaft 12 .
- the length of the rotating shaft 12 at the top of the support frame 11 should not be shorter than the height of the cable reel 2, so as to ensure that the rotating bracket 3 can effectively support the cable reel 2.
- the cable reel 2 When the cable reel 2 is installed, the cable reel 2 can be stably installed on the rotating bracket 3 only by inserting the rotating shaft 12 into the cable reel 2.
- the replacement of the cable reel 2 is convenient and quick, which greatly shortens the laying time of the cable 6 and improves the performance of the cable reel 2. work efficiency.
- the non-processed surfaces of each part of the rotating bracket 3 are also subjected to paint anti-corrosion treatment, so as to improve the anti-corrosion ability of the rotating bracket 3 .
- Auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 generally uses a truck-mounted crane with lifting capacity, and the type of truck-mounted crane can be selected according to the actual working situation.
- the lifting capacity is generally 3 to 16 tons, and multiple cable reels are usually placed on the flat plate of auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 2, to reduce auxiliary transportation of cables.
- the guide pulley group 5 at the end of the boom of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 is a fixed pulley group suspended on the hook, and MC nylon pulleys are generally used.
- the type is selected according to the diameter of the cable 6.
- the wheel width is generally 60-200mm, and MC nylon
- the pulley can protect the outer insulation of the cable.
- the boom of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 can be rotated, extended, raised and lowered at will, and the cable 6 is guided by the guide pulley block 5 .
- the cables 6 introduced into the cable trench 7 are bound, and the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 only needs to move along the road direction to realize the automatic laying of the cables 6, which not only can adapt to complex terrains, but also does not require human intervention And guidance, effectively avoiding the risk of laying personnel being squeezed and tripped by cables, and improving the safety of cable laying.
- the method for using the long-distance and large-diameter cable deployment system under complex terrain as described in Embodiment 1 is provided, specifically as follows:
- Step 1 Design according to the size of the cable reel 2, make and process one piece each of the base 4 and the rotating bracket 3, except for the assembly surface, the outer surface of the parts is treated with paint and anticorrosion; the CE standard thrust bearing is used, and the assembly is completed Vertical cable deployment device;
- Step 2 Place the assembled vertical cable deployment device on the center of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 flat panel, fix the base 4 on the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 flat panel, and keep the rotating bracket 3 flexibly rotating in the horizontal direction;
- Step 3 Calculate the length of the deployed cable 6 according to the design drawings, deploy the weight of the cable 6 according to the needs, select a suitable auxiliary engineering vehicle 1, and place the first cable reel 2 to be deployed on the vertical cable deployment device ;
- the rest of the plan is to unfold the cable reel 2 and hoist it to the flat panel of the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1, store it vertically, and take reasonable fixing measures;
- Step 4 According to the outer diameter of the cable 6, select a single-pulley guide pulley block that is suitable for the model and is easy to hang on the hook of the truck crane; the guide pulley block 5 is first placed on the platform of the engineering vehicle and fixed properly;
- Step 5 After the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 drives to the cable construction area, operate the truck-mounted crane to lift the boom. After the guide pulley block 5 is hung on the hook of the truck-mounted crane, pull the cable head in the first cable reel 2 from the guide pulley block 5 lead out to the cable trench 7, and bind and fix the cables 6 at 2 to 3 places, relying on the auxiliary engineering vehicle 1 to advance the cables until the first cable reel 2 is deployed;
- Step 6 After the deployment of the first cable reel 2 is completed, replace the second cable with the help of the truck-mounted crane, and place it on the vertical cable deployment device to continue the deployment of cable 6;
- Step 7 Repeat the operation of step 6 until the cable 6 deployment work plan ends.
- step 1 the base 4 and the rotating bracket 3 of the vertical cable deployment device should be machined to meet the assembly requirements of the thrust bearing; and the thrust bearing needs regular maintenance. Add grease to lubricate and maintain the thrust bearing.
- step 4 the fixed pulley in the guide pulley block 5 is selected as an MC nylon pulley, and the MC nylon pulley plays an effective role in protecting the outer insulation of the cable 6 .
- step 5 according to the terrain conditions of the construction area and road parameters, such as road slope, road surface friction coefficient and other parameters, combined with the selection of auxiliary engineering vehicle 1, the vehicle weight of the project is calculated to prevent overloading.
- the cable deployment system is stable, the construction method is easy to master, the protection of the deployment cables is in place, and the construction efficiency is improved by making full use of the auxiliary engineering vehicle function.
- the vertical cable deployment device of the cable deployment system is reusable and the construction method is simple; multiple sets can be manufactured and processed according to the requirements of the project progress, and multiple sets of cable deployment systems can be constructed to meet the simultaneous operation of multiple working faces and speed up the progress of the project.
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- Unwinding Of Filamentary Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及方法，属于输变电工程技术领域，包括立式电缆展放装置，立式电缆展放装置包括底座和旋转支架，底座和旋转支架均水平设置，底座顶部设置导轨，旋转支架底部固定设置滚轮，滚轮置于导轨内；所述旋转支架中部还与转轴固定连接，转轴上端超出旋转支架顶部设置以支撑电缆盘，转轴下端与底座连接，且转轴和底座之间设置定位套以对旋转支架快速定位。
Description
本发明涉及输变电工程技术领域，特别是涉及一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及方法。
在山区等复杂地形区域长距离大直径电缆线路施工中，电缆展放是施工重要的一环，由于大直径电缆单位长度重量大、工作面狭长、施工区域地形复杂等因素，施工难度及质量风险较大，科学有效的施工方法对施工效率和质量有着重要影响。
在长距离大直径电缆展放过程中，通常采用人力直接展放、传动装置与人力相结合的非机械展放、以滚轮承托、牵引机为动力的机械展放等多种施工方法。
发明人发现，传统的施工方式会经常发生电缆受到冲击或外物挤压、电缆保护层受到磨损的情况，而且以人力为主的非机械展放方法效率低，并且施工人员存在受电缆挤压、绊摔等安全风险；普通的机械展放方法对于地形复杂区域、长距离电缆展放存在诸多弊端，如需要电缆辅助运输、多次更换放线架或放线装置等。
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及方法，其采用立式电缆展放装置，将电缆立式放置，并由旋转支架转动即可带动电缆进行展放，展放操作简单、效率高，且会降低施工人员的安全风险。
为了实现上述目的，本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现：
第一方面，本发明提出一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，包括立式电缆展放装置，立式电缆展放装置包括底座和旋转支架，底座和旋转支架均水平设置，底座顶部设置导轨，旋转支架底部固定设置滚轮，滚轮置于导轨内；所述旋转支架中部还与转轴固定连接，转轴上端超出旋转支架顶部设置以支撑电缆盘，转轴下端与底座连接，且转轴和底座之间设置定位套以对旋转支架快速定位。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述旋转支架包括呈圆形的支撑架，滚轮于支撑架底部沿其周向设置。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述支撑架包括十字型支架，十字型支架顶部固设钢板。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述转轴贯穿旋转支架设置，且转轴于旋转支架下方的长度小于转轴于旋转支架上方的长度。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述定位套套设于转轴外周，且转轴底部与轴承连接，轴承固定于底座顶部。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述底座中心设置无缝钢管以形成安装槽，轴承固定于安装槽内。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述底座包括底盘，导轨以圆环形结构固定于底盘顶部。
作为进一步的技术方案，所述底盘包括十字形结构，十字形结构顶部与钢板固接形成正方形结构。
作为进一步的技术方案，还包括辅助工程车，立式电缆展放装置设置在辅助工程车，辅助工程车带有起重臂，起重臂末端设置导向滑轮组以对电缆进行导向。
第二方面，本发明提出一种如上所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统的使用方法，包括以下步骤：
将立式电缆展放装置放置于辅助工程车，将底座固定于辅助工程车平板上，旋转支架在水平方向可旋转；
将第一盘待展放的电缆盘置于立式电缆展放装置上；至电缆施工区域后，将第一盘电缆盘中的电缆头从导向滑轮组引出至电缆沟内，并将电缆绑扎固定多处，依靠辅助工程车前行展放电缆，直至第一盘电缆盘展放结束；
第一盘电缆盘展放结束后，更换第二盘电缆，并置于立式电缆展放装置上，继续电缆的展放，直至全部电缆展放结束。
(1)本发明设置了立式电缆展放装置，其将电缆立式放置，避免了横向放置电缆需要对电缆盘进行实时转动调整位置的问题；其设置旋转支架，只需将电缆盘放置于旋转支架，旋转支架带动电缆盘转动即可进行电缆展放，操作简单便捷，且不易损伤电缆。
(2)本发明设置了辅助工程车、立式电缆展放装置以及导向滑轮组，在进行电缆的铺设时，将引入电缆沟内的电缆进行绑扎，仅需工程车仅需沿道路方向移动即可实现电缆的自动铺设，不仅可以适应复杂的地形，还无需人为牵扯以及引导，有效避免了铺设人员受电缆挤压、绊摔的风险，提高了电缆铺设的安全性。
(3)本发明辅助工程车的平板上放置有备用的电缆盘，当电缆盘铺设完成后，仅需利用起重臂将旋转支架上的电缆盘取下，并将备用的电缆盘重新安装到旋转支架上即可，无需更换放线架或放线装置，有效缩短了长距离电缆展放的时间。
(4)本发明电缆盘在进行安装时，仅需将转轴插入到电缆盘中即可将电缆盘稳定安装在旋转支架上，电缆盘更换方便快捷，大大缩短了电缆的更换时间，提高了工作效率。
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的立式电缆展放装置的剖面结构示意图；
图3是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的底座的俯视结构示意图；
图4是图3所示底座的A-A剖面结构示意图；
图5是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的旋转支架的俯视结构示意图；
图6是图5所示旋转支架的B-B剖面结构示意图；
图中：为显示各部位位置而夸大了互相间间距或尺寸，示意图仅作示意使用；
其中，1、辅助工程车；2、电缆盘；3、旋转支架；4、底座；5、导向滑轮组；6、电缆；7、电缆沟；8、电缆支架；9、滚轮；10、导轨；11、支撑架；12、转轴；13、安装槽；14、轴承；15、定位套；16、底盘。
正如背景技术所介绍的，传统的施工方式经常发生电缆受到冲击或外物挤压、电缆保护层受到磨损的情况，而且以人力为主的非机械展放方法效率低，并且施工人员存在受电缆挤压、绊摔等安全风险；普通的机械展放方法对于地形复杂区域、长距离电缆展放存在诸多弊端，如需要电缆辅助运输、多次更换放线架或放线装置等问题，本发明提出了一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及使用方法。
本发明的一种典型的实施方式中，如图1-图6所示，提出一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，包括，立式电缆展放装置、辅助工程车1以及导向滑轮组5。
其中，立式电缆展放装置设置在辅助工程车1的平板上，主要用于电缆盘2的支撑，导向滑轮组5设置在辅助工程车1起重臂的末端，电缆盘2上缠绕的电缆6通过导向滑轮组5的导向作用，铺设在挖好的电缆沟7内，电缆沟7内还设有电缆支架8，不仅能够便于电缆6的分类铺设，还能有效避免电缆工作释放的热量影响电缆的载流量。
如图2所示，立式电缆展放装置由旋转支架3和底座4构成，底座和旋转支架均水平设置，旋转支架3转动设置在底座4上，旋转支架2用于支撑电缆盘2，从而带动电缆盘2相对于底座4转动。
如图3-图4所示，底座4由槽钢、无缝钢管、钢板以及圆钢焊接而成，其中圆钢呈十字型分布并与钢板焊接为一体作为底座4的底盘16，底盘16为正方形结构，底盘16起到主要的支撑作用，槽钢首尾焊接成圆环形结构并焊接在底盘16的顶面作为导轨10，导轨10的外圆分别与底盘16的四个边相切，底座4固定设置在辅助工程车1的平板上。
无缝钢管焊接在底座4上表面的中心处，并对无缝钢管的内径进行机械加工处理形成安装槽13，用于安装轴承。
其中，轴承14采用推力轴承，轴承14的外径与安装槽13相匹配，使得轴承14固定设置在安装槽13内，且轴承14的上端面与安装槽13的上端面平齐，轴承14的下端面与底盘16的上表面相接触。
轴承14上端和旋转支架3之间设置定位套15，定位套既起到对旋转支架的支撑作用，还对其位置进行定位。
为了避免底座4发生锈蚀，在底座4各部分非加工面处均进行油漆防腐处理，以提高底座4的防锈蚀能力。
如图5-图6所示，旋转支架3由支撑架11、转轴12以及滚轮9构成，其中，支撑架11由槽钢和钢板焊接而成，槽钢呈十字型布置并焊接形成十字型支架，钢板置于十字型支架的顶部并焊接构成支撑架11。
支撑架11的底部设有若干滚轮9，本实施例中滚轮9设有四个，分别于支撑架底部沿周向布设。
可以理解的是，支撑架11整体呈圆形，且支撑架11的直径与底座4上导轨10的直径相同，滚轮9分别置于导轨10内，从而使得支撑架11可以相对于底座4转动。
支撑架11的中心位置处还焊接有无缝钢管以作为转轴12，转轴12贯穿于支撑架11，位于支撑架11底部的转轴12的长度短于位于支撑架11顶部的转轴12长度。
位于支撑架11底部的转轴12部分外径进行机械加工处理，用于安装推力轴承，具体的，定位套15套设在转轴12机械加工部分上并进行固定连接，且转轴12的机械加工部分下端与转轴12底部之间的距离与轴承14的高度相同，转轴12的机械加工部分下端与轴承连接。
其中，支撑架11底部与底座4上端面之间的距离应为轴承14与定位套15的高度之和，且位于支撑架11底部的转轴12部分长度同样为轴承14与定位套15的高度之和，从而能够保证轴承14与定位套15的有效配合，避免定位套15沿转轴12上下窜动。
位于支撑架11顶部的转轴12部分长度应不短于电缆盘2的高度，从而保证旋转支架3可以对电缆盘2进行有效的支撑。
电缆盘2在进行安装时，仅需将转轴12插入到电缆盘2中即可将电缆盘2稳定安装在旋转支架3上，电缆盘2更换方便快捷，大大缩短了电缆6敷设的时间，提高了工作效率。
为了避免旋转支架3发生锈蚀，旋转支架3各部分非加工面处同样都进行油漆防腐处理，以提高旋转支架3的防锈蚀能力。
辅助工程车1一般选用具有起重能力的随车吊，可根据实际工作情况选择随车吊的型号，起重能力一般为3～16吨，辅助工程车1的平板上一般放置多个电缆盘2，以减少电缆的辅助运输。
辅助工程车1起重臂末端的导向滑轮组5为悬挂于吊钩上的定滑轮组，一般选用MC尼龙滑轮，其型号根据电缆6的直径尺寸进行选择，轮宽一般为60～200mm，选用MC尼龙滑轮可以对电缆外绝缘起到保护的作用。
辅助工程车1的起重臂可以随意进行转动、伸长、抬高以及降低的操作，并利用导向滑轮组5对电缆6进行导向。
在进行电缆6的铺设时，将引入电缆沟7内的电缆6进行绑扎，辅助工程车1仅需沿道路方向移动即可实现电缆6的自动铺设，不仅可以适应复杂的地形，还无需人为牵扯以及引导，有效避免了铺设人员受电缆挤压、绊摔的风险，提高了电缆铺设的安全性。
且当电缆盘2铺设完成后，仅需利用起重臂将旋转支架3上的电缆盘2取下，并将辅助工程车1平台上放置的备用电缆盘2重新安装到旋转支架3上即可，无需更换放线架或放线装置，有效缩短了长距离电缆展放的时间。
本申请的另一典型实施例中，提供如实施例1所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统的使用方法，具体如下：
步骤1：按照电缆盘2的尺寸进行设计，制作并加工底座4和旋转支架3两种零件各1件，零件除装配面外，外表面做油漆防腐处理；采用CE型标准推力轴承，组装完成立式电缆展放装置；
步骤2：将组装完成后的立式电缆展放装置放置于辅助工程车1平板中心位置上，将底座4固定于辅助工程车1平板上，旋转支架3在水平方向保持灵活旋转；
步骤3：根据设计图纸计算展放电缆6的长度，根据需要展放电缆6重量，选择适合的辅助工程车1，将第一盘待展放的电缆盘2置于立式电缆展放装置上；其余计划展放电缆盘2吊装到辅助工程车1平板上，立式存放，并采取合理固定措施；
步骤4：根据电缆6外径尺寸，选择型号适合并便于悬挂于随车吊吊钩的单滑轮导向滑轮组；导向滑轮组5先放置于工程车平板上，并适当固定；
步骤5：辅助工程车1驾驶至电缆施工区域后，操作随车吊起重臂，待导向滑轮组5悬挂于随车吊的吊钩后，将第一盘电缆盘2中的电缆头从导向滑轮组5引出至电缆沟7内，并将电缆6绑扎固定2～3处，依靠辅助工程车1前行展放电缆，直至第一盘电缆盘2展放结束；
步骤6：第一盘电缆盘2展放结束后，借助于随车吊更换第二盘电缆，并置于立式电缆展放装置上，继续电缆6的展放；
步骤7：重复步骤6的操作，直至本次电缆6展放工作计划结束。
其中，步骤1中，组成立式电缆展放装置的底座4和旋转支架3，其机械加工精度应满足推力轴承装配要求；且推力轴承需要定期保养维护，在连续使用过程中，每个月通过加注油脂对推力轴承进行润滑保养。
步骤4中，导向滑轮组5中的定滑轮选MC尼龙轮滑轮，MC尼龙滑轮对电缆6外绝缘起到有效保护的作用。
步骤5中，根据施工区域地形条件和道路参数，如道路坡度、道路表面摩擦系数等参数，结合辅助工程车1的选型，计算出工程车载重量，杜绝超载。
该电缆展放系统稳定，施工方法便于掌握，对展放电缆的保护到位，充分利用辅助工程车功能提高了施工效率。
该电缆展放系统的立式电缆展放装置，可重复使用，施工方法简便；可根据工程进度要求制作加工多套，构建多套电缆展放系统，满足多工作面同时作业，加快工程进度。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，包括立式电缆展放装置，立式电缆展放装置包括底座和旋转支架，底座和旋转支架均水平设置，底座顶部设置导轨，旋转支架底部固定设置滚轮，滚轮置于导轨内；所述旋转支架中部还与转轴固定连接，转轴上端超出旋转支架顶部设置以支撑电缆盘，转轴下端与底座连接，且转轴和底座之间设置定位套以对旋转支架快速定位。
- 如权利要求1所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述旋转支架包括呈圆形的支撑架，滚轮于支撑架底部沿其周向设置。
- 如权利要求2所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述支撑架包括十字型支架，十字型支架顶部固设钢板。
- 如权利要求1所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述转轴贯穿旋转支架设置，且转轴于旋转支架下方的长度小于转轴于旋转支架上方的长度。
- 如权利要求1所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述定位套套设于转轴外周，且转轴底部与轴承连接，轴承固定于底座顶部。
- 如权利要求5所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述底座中心设置无缝钢管以形成安装槽，轴承固定于安装槽内。
- 如权利要求1所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述底座包括底盘，导轨以圆环形结构固定于底盘顶部。
- 如权利要求7所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，所述底盘包括十字形结构，十字形结构顶部与钢板固接形成正方形结构。
- 如权利要求1所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统，其特征是，还包括辅助工程车，立式电缆展放装置设置在辅助工程车，辅助工程车带有起重臂，起重臂末端设置导向滑轮组以对电缆进行导向。
- 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统的使用方法，其特征是，包括以下步骤：将立式电缆展放装置放置于辅助工程车，将底座固定于辅助工程车平板上，旋转支架在水平方向可旋转；将第一盘待展放的电缆盘置于立式电缆展放装置上；至电缆施工区域后，将第一盘电缆盘中的电缆头从导向滑轮组引出至电缆沟内，并将电缆绑扎固定多处，依靠辅助工程车前行展放电缆，直至第一盘电缆盘展放结束；第一盘电缆盘展放结束后，更换第二盘电缆，并置于立式电缆展放装置上，继续电缆的展放，直至全部电缆展放结束。
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| CN213387119U (zh) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-06-08 | 云南建投第三建设有限公司 | 一种改进的用于室外电缆存放与使用集一体的放线装置 |
| CN114476815A (zh) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-05-13 | 中国电建集团山东电力建设第一工程有限公司 | 一种复杂地形下长距离大直径电缆展放系统及方法 |
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| CN116937430A (zh) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-10-24 | 国网山东省电力公司冠县供电公司 | 一种输电线路架设用导线提升装置 |
| CN116937430B (zh) * | 2023-09-05 | 2024-04-16 | 国网山东省电力公司冠县供电公司 | 一种输电线路架设用导线提升装置 |
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