WO2023124681A1 - 一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆 - Google Patents

一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124681A1
WO2023124681A1 PCT/CN2022/134371 CN2022134371W WO2023124681A1 WO 2023124681 A1 WO2023124681 A1 WO 2023124681A1 CN 2022134371 W CN2022134371 W CN 2022134371W WO 2023124681 A1 WO2023124681 A1 WO 2023124681A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
water channel
motor controller
water inlet
power module
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PCT/CN2022/134371
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
凌和平
刘海军
张海星
谭鑫
黄丹丹
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020247009016A priority Critical patent/KR20240044509A/ko
Priority to AU2022424949A priority patent/AU2022424949A1/en
Priority to CA3232285A priority patent/CA3232285A1/en
Publication of WO2023124681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124681A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of motor controller components, in particular to a cooling device for a motor controller, a motor controller and a vehicle.
  • an object of the present application is to provide a cooling device for a motor controller, which solves the problems of unbalanced heat dissipation and complicated internal pipelines of the motor controller.
  • the cooling device for a motor controller includes: a motor controller box and a waterway cover installed on the motor controller box, the motor controller box includes a waterway inlet, a waterway inlet inside the box The water outlet, the water outlet inside the tank and the water outlet of the water channel;
  • the water channel cover plate includes a water channel cover plate water inlet, a power module water inlet, a mounting groove, a power module water outlet and a water channel cover plate water outlet;
  • the installation groove is used to install the power module of the motor controller.
  • the heat dissipation surface of the power module is installed in close contact with the installation groove of the water channel cover to form a cooling chamber ;
  • the water inlet of the water channel is connected with the water inlet of the inner water channel of the box, the water inlet of the inner water channel of the box is connected with the water inlet of the water channel cover, and the water inlet of the water channel cover is connected with the water inlet of the power module, the The cooling chamber, the water outlet of the power module, and the water outlet of the waterway cover are connected in sequence, the water outlet of the waterway cover is connected with the water outlet inside the box, and the water outlet inside the box is connected with the waterway The water outlet is connected.
  • the motor controller box further includes a second water channel water inlet and a second heat dissipation water channel, the water channel cover plate water outlet communicates with the second water channel water inlet, and the second water channel water inlet communicates with the second water channel water inlet
  • the second heat dissipation water channel is connected with the second heat dissipation water channel, and the second heat dissipation water channel is connected with the water outlet inside the box body.
  • the water outlet of the water channel cover matches the water inlet of the second water channel
  • the pipeline between the water outlet of the water channel cover plate and the water inlet of the second water channel is designed as an arc;
  • the water inlet of the second water channel is vertically connected with the second heat dissipation water channel.
  • the second heat dissipation channel is arranged in a U shape
  • the second heat dissipation water channel is a flat pipe, and the water inlet of the second water channel matches the second heat dissipation water channel.
  • the position of the water inlet of the water channel is higher than the position of the water inlet of the water channel inside the box.
  • the water inlet of the water channel inside the tank is provided with a guide surface.
  • a sealing ring is installed between the power module of the motor controller system and the waterway cover plate.
  • the water channel cover plate includes a plurality of installation slots for installing power modules, each of the installation slots communicates with the corresponding water inlet of the power module and the water outlet of the power module, and two adjacent The installation grooves communicate with the corresponding water inlets of the power modules and the water outlets of the power modules respectively.
  • the waterway cover plate includes a plurality of installation slots for installing power modules, and each installation slot communicates with a corresponding water inlet of the power module and a water outlet of the power module;
  • the waterway cover plate also includes a first branch waterway and a second branch waterway, the first branch waterway is connected to the water inlet of the waterway cover plate, and the second branch waterway is connected to the outlet of the waterway cover plate
  • the water inlet is connected
  • the power module water inlet of each installation slot is connected with the first branch water channel
  • the power module water outlet of each installation slot is connected with the second branch water channel.
  • the second aspect of the present application discloses a motor controller, and the motor controller according to the present application includes the above-mentioned cooling device.
  • the third aspect of the present application discloses a vehicle, and the vehicle according to the present application includes the above-mentioned cooling device for a motor controller.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an assembly structure of a cooling device of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the back of the motor controller box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a cooling device for a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 is a front view of a waterway cover plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a rear view of a waterway cover plate of a cooling device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a water channel flow path of a water channel cover plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the series connection of multiple power module water channel flow paths of the water channel cover plate according to the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the parallel connection of multiple power module water channel flow paths of the water channel cover plate according to the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the parallel connection of multiple power module water channel flow paths of the water channel cover plate according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the motor controller may be an integrated motor controller, including a control module and a power module of the motor controller, and electrical components such as an integrated power supply module and an OBC charging module.
  • a cooling device for a motor controller includes a motor controller box 1 and a waterway cover 2 installed on the motor controller box.
  • the motor controller box 1 is the main structure for heat dissipation and installation of the electrical components of the motor controller, and the water channel cover plate 2 is fixed and sealed with the motor controller box 1 by friction welding.
  • the motor controller box 1 and the waterway cover 2 are welded by friction welding, which can ensure the fixing strength and sealing degree of the waterway cover 2 and the motor controller box 1 .
  • the motor controller casing 1 includes a water channel water inlet 11, a water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body, a water outlet 13 inside the box body, and a water channel water outlet 14.
  • the water channel water inlet 11 is opened on the outer surface of the motor controller box body 1, and is used to The external coolant input pipe is connected to input the coolant.
  • the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box is opened on the inner surface of the motor controller box 1 , and the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body is connected to the water channel water inlet 11 .
  • the water channel water outlet 14 is opened on the outer surface of the motor controller box 1, and is used for connecting with the external cooling liquid output pipe to output the cooling liquid.
  • the inner water outlet 13 of the casing opens on the inner surface of the motor controller casing 1 .
  • the water channel water outlet 14 is opened on the outer surface of the motor controller casing 1, and the inner water outlet 13 of the casing is opened on the inner surface of the motor controller casing 1, and the inner water outlet 13 of the casing is
  • the waterway cover plate 2 includes a waterway cover plate water inlet 21 , a power module water inlet 22 , a mounting groove 23 , a power module water outlet 24 and a waterway cover plate water outlet 25 .
  • the water inlet 21 of the water channel cover is connected with the water inlet 22 of the power module, the water inlet 22 of the power module and the water outlet 24 of the power module are connected with the installation groove 23 respectively, and the water outlet 25 of the water channel cover is connected with the water outlet 24 of the power module.
  • the water channel cover plate water inlet 21 is matched with the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body, and the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 is matched with the box body inner water outlet port 13.
  • the installation groove 23 is used to install the power module 3 of the motor controller.
  • the heat dissipation surface of the power module 3 is covered on the installation groove 23 of the water channel cover plate 2, and the heat dissipation surface of the power module 3
  • the heat dissipation pin is placed in the installation groove 23, and the heat dissipation surface of the power module 3 is installed in close contact with the installation groove 23 of the water channel cover plate 2 to form a cooling accommodation cavity.
  • the power module water inlet 22 and the power module water outlet 24 of the waterway cover plate 2 form water flow holes with one in and one out on both sides of the installation groove 23 .
  • the water channel water inlet 11 is connected with the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body
  • the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body is connected with the water channel cover plate water inlet 21
  • the water channel cover plate water inlet 21 is connected with the power module
  • the water inlet 22, the cooling chamber, the power module water outlet 24, and the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 are sequentially connected.
  • the coolant enters the box body from the water channel water inlet 11, flows into the water channel cover plate water inlet 21 through the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body, and then flows into the cooling chamber through the power module water inlet 22 to dissipate heat from the power module 3
  • the water outlet 24 and the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 flow out, and then flow out of the motor controller box 1 through the water outlet 13 inside the box body and the water channel water outlet 14 .
  • the cooling device of the embodiment of the present application there are water channels on the water channel cover plate 2 and the motor controller box 1. After the two are closely matched and installed, a complete cooling water channel pipeline is formed.
  • the internal pipeline is simple and can be used according to different
  • the power module 3 replaces the waterway cover plate 2, which has higher applicability and improves the systematization and integration of the motor controller.
  • the motor controller box 1 further includes a second water channel water inlet 26 and a second heat dissipation water channel 27, the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 communicates with the second water channel water inlet 26, and the second water channel water inlet 26 communicates with the second water channel water inlet 26.
  • the second heat dissipation water channel 27 communicates with the water outlet 13 inside the box body.
  • other components such as an integrated power supply, an OCB charging module, etc. are arranged close to the second heat dissipation channel 27 .
  • the coolant enters the box body through the water channel water inlet 11, flows into the water channel cover plate water inlet 21 through the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body, and then flows into the cooling accommodation chamber through the power module water inlet 22 to dissipate heat for the power module 3, and then passes through the power module
  • the water outlet 24 and the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 flow to the second water channel water inlet 26, enter the second heat dissipation water channel 27, dissipate heat to other components, and then flow out of the motor controller box through the water outlet 13 inside the box body and the water channel water outlet 14 body.
  • the cooling device can not only meet the heat dissipation requirements for the power module 3 of the motor controller, but also dissipate heat for other components in the motor controller, such as integrated power supply, OBC charging module, etc., to reduce the temperature of the module. It meets the heat dissipation requirements of the highly integrated motor controller and improves the reliability of the motor controller.
  • the water outlet 25 of the water channel cover matches the water inlet 26 of the second water channel.
  • the water inlet 26 is closely connected, which can ensure the sealing of the water channel and avoid dangerous situations such as short circuit of high-voltage electrical equipment caused by leakage of coolant in the water channel. And ensure that the cross-sectional area of the two water channels of the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 and the second water channel water inlet 26 is consistent, which can ensure the minimum flow resistance of the cooling liquid in the water channel.
  • the pipeline between the water channel cover plate water outlet 25 and the second water channel water inlet 26 is designed as an arc, which can realize water channel buffering and reduce water channel water resistance, and the second water channel water inlet 26 is vertically connected with the second heat dissipation water channel 27, and the cooling liquid
  • the water inlet 26 of the second water channel vertically enters the second heat dissipation water channel 27, which can prevent the water flow direction of the coolant entering the water channel from being parallel to the direction of the second heat dissipation water channel 27, thereby preventing no coolant from entering the lower area of the second heat dissipation water channel 27, resulting in the first 2.
  • the situation of unbalanced heat dissipation in the heat dissipation water channel 27 .
  • the coolant can enter the second heat dissipation water channel 27 in the direction of water flow perpendicular to the second heat dissipation water channel 27, so that the coolant in the second heat dissipation water channel 27 is more balanced, and the flow resistance can be reduced to improve heat dissipation. efficiency.
  • the second heat dissipation water channel 27 is arranged in a U shape, so that the arrangement range of the second heat dissipation water channel 27 in the motor controller box is wider, and the heat dissipation range is increased.
  • the second heat dissipation water channel 27 is a flat pipe
  • the outside of the second heat dissipation water channel 27 is a heat dissipation water channel wall
  • other electronic components are installed on the outside of the heat dissipation water channel wall, which can conduct heat to the heat dissipation water channel wall, and then pass through the second heat dissipation water channel 27
  • the flat second heat dissipation water channel 27 can increase the heat dissipation contact area between the components to be dissipated and the water channel.
  • the second water channel water inlet 26 is matched with the second heat dissipation water channel 27, which can ensure that the butt cross-sectional area of the second water channel water inlet 26 and the second water channel water inlet 26 is consistent, so that the second water channel water inlet 26 flows into the second heat dissipation
  • the flow resistance of the coolant flowing through the water channel 27 is the smallest.
  • the position of the water channel water inlet 11 is higher than the position of the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body, so that the cooling liquid input from the water channel water inlet 11 to the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body forms a drop difference, which can Has a certain potential energy.
  • the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body is provided with a diversion surface, on the one hand, it can guide the coolant entering the water channel water inlet 12 inside the box body, and limit the direction of water flow to the direction of the water channel cover plate water inlet 21. On the other hand, it can Realize waterway buffering and reduce flow resistance.
  • a sealing ring is installed between the power module 3 of the motor controller and the water channel cover plate 2, which can ensure that the heat dissipation surface of the power module 3 is closely installed with the installation groove 23 of the water channel cover plate 2, and ensures the sealing of the cooling chamber. There will be no leakage, avoiding dangerous situations such as leakage of coolant from the cooling chamber and short circuit of high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the motor controller can have multiple power modules 3.
  • the water channel cover plate 2 includes multiple The installation grooves 23 of the module 3, each installation groove 23 communicates with the corresponding power module water inlet 22 and the power module water outlet 24 respectively, and the two adjacent installation grooves 23 respectively pass through the corresponding power module water inlet 22 and the power module water outlet 24 connected.
  • a plurality of power modules 3 are arranged in parallel, two adjacent installation grooves 23 are connected through corresponding power module water inlets 22 and power module water outlets 24 respectively, so that the cooling accommodation of a plurality of power modules 3 arranged in parallel
  • the cavities are connected in series with each other, reducing the water pipeline.
  • the power module water inlet 22 and the power module water outlet 24 can be respectively connected to the left and right sides of the installation groove 23, so that the power module water inlet 22, the installation groove 23, and the power module water outlet 24 are basically in a straight line.
  • the two installation grooves 23 are respectively connected through the corresponding power module water inlet 22 and the power module water outlet 24, the water inlet and outlet of multiple series-connected cooling chambers are also on a straight line, which can reduce the flow resistance and increase the flow speed. Make the circulation of coolant smoother.
  • the motor controller can have multiple power modules 3.
  • the water channel cover plate Each installation groove 23 is connected to the corresponding power module water inlet 22 and power module water outlet 24 respectively;
  • the waterway cover plate 2 also includes a first branch waterway 28 and a second branch waterway 29.
  • the first branch waterway 28 is connected to the water inlet 21 of the waterway cover
  • the second branch waterway 29 is connected to the water outlet 25 of the waterway cover
  • the power module water inlet 22 of each installation groove 23 is connected to the first branch waterway 28
  • the power module water outlet 24 of each installation slot 23 is connected with the second branch water channel 29 .
  • the power module water inlet 22 and the power module water outlet 24 can be respectively connected to the front and rear sides of the installation groove 23.
  • the power module water inlet 22 of each installation groove 23 is connected to the first branch.
  • the water channel 28 is connected, and the power module water outlet 24 of each installation groove 23 is connected with the second branch water channel 29, so that the cooling accommodation chambers of multiple power modules 3 arranged in parallel are connected in parallel, and the cooling accommodation chambers of each power module 3
  • the cavities are all on an independent water channel branch, which can reduce the mutual influence between power modules and improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the present application also discloses a motor controller, including the above-mentioned cooling device for the motor controller.
  • the present application also discloses a vehicle, including the above-mentioned cooling device for a motor controller.
  • the cooling device by adopting the cooling device of the above-mentioned motor controller, the unbalanced heat dissipation of the motor controller and the complicated internal pipeline are solved, and by setting the second heat dissipation water channel in the motor controller box, the cooling device can not only Realize the heat dissipation requirements of the power module of the motor controller, and can also dissipate heat for other components in the motor controller, such as integrated power supply, OBC charging module, etc., reduce the module temperature, and meet the heat dissipation requirements of highly integrated motor controllers .
  • first and second used in the embodiments of the present invention are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating number of technical features. Therefore, the features defined by terms such as “first” and “second” in the embodiments of the present invention may explicitly or implicitly indicate that at least one of the features is included in the embodiment.
  • the word “plurality” means at least two or two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined in the embodiments.
  • connection can be It can be a fixed connection, or it can be a detachable connection, or it can be integrated. It can be understood that it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc.; of course, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or it can be two The connectivity within a component, or the interaction between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific implementation conditions.
  • the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆，包括电机控制器箱体和安装于电机控制器箱体的水道盖板，电机控制器箱体包括水道入水口、箱体内部水道入水口、箱体内部出水口和水道出水口；水道盖板包括水道盖板入水口、功率模块入水口、安装槽、功率模块出水口和水道盖板出水口；当电机控制器的功率模块安装于安装槽时，功率模块的散热面与水道盖板的安装槽密接安装，形成冷却容纳腔；水道入水口依次与箱体内部水道入水口和水道盖板入水口连通，水道盖板入水口与功率模块入水口、冷却容纳腔、功率模块出水口、水道盖板出水口、箱体内部出水口、水道出水口连通，其管路简洁适用性高，解决了电机控制器散热不均衡，内部管路复杂的问题。

Description

一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆
本申请要求于2021年12月31日提交中国专利局，申请号为202123405296.X，申请名称为“一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电机控制器组件技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆。
背景技术
电机控制器上集成了其他高压控制模块，并且电机控制器的IGBT器件热流密度越来越大，对电机控制器的散热性能要求越来越高，若没有良好的散热措施，则电机控制器的温度可能达到或超过器件结温，从而导致器件性能的恶化以致损坏。
相关技术中，为了满足高集成化的电机控制器系统散热，往往需要多个散热通道，导致系统内部管路和管接头较多，存在漏水风险，也不利于系统小型化、集成化、高密度化发展。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出了一种电机控制器的冷却装置，解决了电机控制器散热不均衡，内部管路复杂的问题。
根据本申请的电机控制器的冷却装置，包括：电机控制器箱体和安装于所述电机控制器箱体的水道盖板，所述电机控制器箱体包括水道入水口、箱体内部水道入水口、箱体内部出水口和水道出水口；
所述水道盖板包括水道盖板入水口、功率模块入水口、安装槽、功率模块出水口和水道盖板出水口；
所述安装槽用于安装电机控制器的功率模块，当所述功率模块安装于所述安装槽时， 所述功率模块的散热面与所述水道盖板的安装槽密接安装，形成冷却容纳腔；
所述水道入水口与所述箱体内部水道入水口连通，所述箱体内部水道入水口与所述水道盖板入水口连通，所述水道盖板入水口与所述功率模块入水口、所述冷却容纳腔、所述功率模块出水口、所述水道盖板出水口依次连通，所述水道盖板出水口与所述箱体内部出水口连通，所述箱体内部出水口与所述水道出水口连通。
可选地，所述电机控制器箱体还包括第二水道入水口和第二散热水道，所述水道盖板出水口与所述第二水道入水口连通，所述第二水道入水口与所述第二散热水道连通，所述第二散热水道与所述箱体内部出水口连通。
可选地，所述水道盖板出水口与所述第二水道入水口相匹配；
所述水道盖板出水口与所述第二水道入水口之间的管道设计为弧形；
所述第二水道入水口垂直与所述第二散热水道连接。
可选地，所述第二散热水道呈U形布置；
所述第二散热水道为扁平状管道，所述第二水道入水口与所述第二散热水道相匹配。
可选地，所述水道入水口的位置高于所述箱体内部水道入水口的位置。
可选地，所述箱体内部水道入水口设置有导流面。
可选地，所述电机控制器系统的功率模块与所述水道盖板之间安装有密封圈。
可选地，所述水道盖板包括多个用于安装功率模块的安装槽，每一所述安装槽分别与相应的所述功率模块入水口、所述功率模块出水口连通，相邻两个所述安装槽分别通过对应的所述功率模块入水口和所述功率模块出水口连通。
可选地，所述水道盖板包括多个用于安装功率模块的安装槽，每一所述安装槽分别与相应的所述功率模块入水口、所述功率模块出水口连通；
所述水道盖板还包括第一支路水道和第二支路水道，所述第一支路水道与所述水道盖板入水口连接，所述第二支路水道与所述水道盖板出水口连接，每一所述安装槽的功率模块入水口与所述第一支路水道连接，每一所述安装槽的功率模块出水口与所述第二支路水道连接。
本申请第二方面公开一种电机控制器，根据本申请的电机控制器，包括上述的冷却装置。
本申请第三方面公开一种车辆，根据本申请的车辆，包括上述的电机控制器的冷却装置。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本申请实施例的电机控制器的冷却装置的装配结构爆炸图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的电机控制器箱体背面的结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的电机控制器的冷却装置的内部结构剖视图；
图4是根据本申请实施例的水道盖板的正视图；
图5是根据本申请实施例的冷却装置的水道盖板的后视图；
图6是根据本申请实施例的水道盖板的水道流路示意图；
图7是根据本申请实施例的水道盖板的多个功率模块水道流路串联示意图；
图8是根据本申请实施例的水道盖板的多个功率模块水道流路并联示意图；
图9是根据本申请实施例的水道盖板的多个功率模块水道流路并联示意图。
附图标记：
1、电机控制器箱体；2、水道盖板；3、功率模块；
11、水道入水口；12、箱体内部水道入水口；
13、箱体内部出水口；14、水道出水口；15、密封条；
21、水道盖板入水口；22、功率模块入水口；23、安装槽；
24、功率模块出水口；25、水道盖板出水口；
26、第二水道入水口；27、第二散热水道；
28、第一支路水道；29、第二支路水道。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1-图9描述根据本申请实施例的电机控制器的冷却装置。其中，电机控制器可以是集成式电机控制器，包括电机控制器的控制模块和功率模块以及集成了集成电源模块，OBC充电模块等电器元件。
如图1-图6所示，一种电机控制器的冷却装置，包括电机控制器箱体1和安装于电机控制器箱体的水道盖板2。电机控制器箱体1为电机控制器各电器元件散热和安装的主体结构，水道盖板2通过摩擦焊形式与电机控制器箱体1进行固定及密封。电机控制器箱体1和水道盖板2通过摩擦焊的形式焊接，可以确保水道盖板2与电机控制器箱体1的固定强度和密封度。
电机控制器箱体1包括水道入水口11、箱体内部水道入水口12、箱体内部出水口13和水道出水口14，水道入水口11开口在电机控制器箱体1外表面，用于与外部的冷却液输入管道连接，输入冷却液。箱体内部水道入水口12开口在电机控制器箱体1内表面，箱体内部水道入水口12连通水道入水口11。水道出水口14开口在电机控制器箱体1外表面，用于与外部的冷却液输出管道连接，输出冷却液。箱体内部出水口13开口在电机控制器箱体1内表面。水道出水口14开口在电机控制器箱体1外表面，箱体内部出水口13开口在电机控制器箱体1内表面，箱体内部出水口13连通水道出水口14。
水道盖板2包括水道盖板入水口21、功率模块入水口22、安装槽23、功率模块出水口24和水道盖板出水口25。水道盖板入水口21与功率模块入水口22连通，功率模块入水口22、功率模块出水口24分别与安装槽23连通，水道盖板出水口25与功率模块出水口24连通。当水道盖板2安装在电机控制器箱体1上时，水道盖板入水口21与箱体内部水道入水口12配合对接，水道盖板出水口25与箱体内部出水口13配合对接。
安装槽23用于安装电机控制器的功率模块3，当功率模块3安装于安装槽23时，功率模块3的散热面盖合在水道盖板2的安装槽23上，功率模块3散热面的散热针置于安装槽23中，功率模块3的散热面与水道盖板2的安装槽23密接安装，形成冷却容纳腔。水道盖板2的功率模块入水口22、功率模块出水口24在安装槽23两侧形成一进一出的水流通孔。
当功率模块3安装于安装槽23时，水道入水口11与箱体内部水道入水口12连通，箱体内部水道入水口12与水道盖板入水口21连通，水道盖板入水口21与功率模块入水口22、冷却容纳腔、功率模块出水口24、水道盖板出水口25依次连通，水道盖板出水口25与箱体内部出水口13连通、水道出水口14依次连通。冷却液由水道入水口11进入箱体，通过箱体内部水道入水口12流入水道盖板入水口21，再通过功率模块入水口22流入到冷却容纳腔中给功率模块3散热后，从功率模块出水口24、水道盖板出水口25流出，再经由箱体内部出水口13和水道出水口14流出电机控制器箱体1。
根据本申请实施例的冷却装置，水道盖板2与电机控制器箱体1上均有水道，二者紧 密配合安装后，形成一个完整的冷却水道管路，内部管路简洁，并且可以根据不同的功率模块3更换水道盖板2，适用性更高，提升了电机控制器的系统化、集成化。
在一种实施方式中，电机控制器箱体1还包括第二水道入水口26和第二散热水道27，水道盖板出水口25与第二水道入水口26连通，第二水道入水口26与第二散热水道27连通，第二散热水道27与箱体内部出水口13连通。在电机控制器箱体中，紧贴第二散热水道27布置有其他元器件，例如，集成电源，OCB充电模块等。冷却液经由水道入水口11进入箱体，通过箱体内部水道入水口12流入水道盖板入水口21，再通过功率模块入水口22流入到冷却容纳腔中给功率模块3散热后，经由功率模块出水口24和水道盖板出水口25，流向第二水道入水口26，进入第二散热水道27，给其他元器件散热，再经由箱体内部出水口13和水道出水口14流出电机控制器箱体。
在上述过程中，该冷却装置不仅可以实现对电机控制器的功率模块3的散热需求，也可以对电机控制器中的其他元器件，如集成电源、OBC充电模块等进行散热，降低模块温度，满足高集成化的电机控制器的散热需求，提高了电机控制器可靠性。
在一种具体实施方式中，水道盖板出水口25与第二水道入水口26相匹配，当水道盖板2紧密安装在电机控制器箱体上时，水道盖板出水口25与第二水道入水口26紧密对接，可以保证水道的密封，避免水道中冷却液泄露引起的高压电设备短路等危险情况。并且保证水道盖板出水口25与第二水道入水口26两水道的对接截面面积保持一致，可以保证水道中冷却液流过的流阻最小。
水道盖板出水口25与第二水道入水口26之间的管道设计为弧形，可以实现水道缓冲，减少水道水阻，并且第二水道入水口26垂直与第二散热水道27连接，冷却液由第二水道入水口26垂直进入第二散热水道27，可以避免冷却液进入水道的水流方向与第二散热水道27的方向平行，进而避免第二散热水道27下部区域没有冷却液进入，造成第二散热水道27散热不均衡的情况。采用这种结构，可以使冷却液以垂直于第二散热水道27的水流方向进入第二散热水道27中，使得第二散热水道27的冷却液更均衡，并且还能减小流阻，提升散热效率。
第二散热水道27呈U形布置，使得第二散热水道27在电机控制器箱体的布置范围更广，增大散热范围。并且第二散热水道27为扁平状管道，第二散热水道27的外侧为散热水道壁，散热水道壁外侧安装有其他电子元器件，可将热量传导给散热水道壁，继而通过第二散热水道27进行散热，扁平状的第二散热水道27可以增大待散热元器件与水道的散热接触面积。
第二水道入水口26与第二散热水道27相匹配，可以保证第二水道入水口26与第二水道入水口26的对接截面面积保持一致，从而使得从第二水道入水口26流入第二散热水道27的冷却液流过的流阻最小。
在一种具体实施方式中，水道入水口11的位置高于箱体内部水道入水口12的位置，使得从水道入水口11输入至箱体内部水道入水口12的冷却液形成落势差，可以具有一定的势能。并且箱体内部水道入水口12设置有导流面，一方面可以对进入箱体内部水道入水口12的冷却液进行导流，限制水流方向为水道盖板入水口21的方向，另一方面可以实现水道缓冲，能够减小流阻。
优选地，电机控制器的功率模块3与水道盖板2之间安装有密封圈，可以保证功率模块3的散热面与水道盖板2的安装槽23紧密安装，确保冷却容纳腔的密封性，不会产生泄露，避免冷却容纳腔泄露冷却液，引起的高压电设备短路等危险情况。
在一种实施方式中，如图7所示，电机控制器可以有多个功率模块3，此时，为了更好的适应多功率模块3的散热，水道盖板2包括多个用于安装功率模块3的安装槽23，每一安装槽23分别与相应的功率模块入水口22、功率模块出水口24连通，相邻两个安装槽23分别通过对应的功率模块入水口22和功率模块出水口24连通。在多个功率模块3并联排布时，相邻的两个安装槽23分别通过对应的功率模块入水口22和功率模块出水口24相连通，使得多个并列排布的功率模块3的冷却容纳腔相互串联起来，减少了水道管路。
功率模块入水口22、功率模块出水口24可以是分别连接在安装槽23的左右两侧，使得功率模块入水口22、安装槽23、功率模块出水口24基本在一条直线上，当相邻的两个安装槽23分别通过对应的功率模块入水口22和功率模块出水口24相连通时，多个串联的冷却容纳腔的进出水口也在一条直线上，可以减小流阻，增加流动速度，使得冷却液的流通更顺畅。
在一种实施方式中，如图8-图9所示，电机控制器可以有多个功率模块3，此时，为了更好的适应多功率模块3的散热，水道盖板2包括多个用于安装功率模块3的安装槽23，每一安装槽23分别与相应的功率模块入水口22、功率模块出水口24连通；水道盖板2还包括第一支路水道28和第二支路水道29，第一支路水道28与水道盖板入水口21连接，第二支路水道29与水道盖板出水口25连接，每一安装槽23的功率模块入水口22与第一支路水道28连接，每一安装槽23的功率模块出水口24与第二支路水道29连接。
功率模块入水口22、功率模块出水口24可以是分别连接在安装槽23的前后侧，在多个功率模块3并联排布时，每一安装槽23的功率模块入水口22与第一支路水道28连接，每一安装槽23的功率模块出水口24与第二支路水道29连接，使得多个并列排布的功率模块3的冷却容纳腔相互并联连接，每一功率模块3的冷却容纳腔均在一独立水道支路上，可以减小功率模块之间的相互影响，提升散热效率。
本申请还公开了一种电机控制器，包括如上所述的电机控制器的冷却装置。
本申请还公开了一种车辆，包括如上所述的电机控制器的冷却装置。
根据本申请实施例的车辆，通过采用上述电机控制器的冷却装置，解决了电机控制器散热不均衡，内部管路复杂，并且通过在电机控制器箱体内设置第二散热水道，冷却装置不仅可以实现对电机控制器的功率模块的散热需求，也可以对电机控制器中的其他元器件，如集成电源、OBC充电模块等进行散热，降低模块温度，满足高集成化的电机控制器的散热需求。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，本发明实施例中所使用的“第一”、“第二”等术语，仅用于描述目的，而不可以理解为指示或者暗示相对重要性，或者隐含指明本实施例中所指示的技术特征数量。由此，本发明实施例中限定有“第一”、“第二”等术语的特征，可以明确或者隐含地表示该实施例中包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，词语“多个”的含义是至少两个或者两个及以上，例如两个、三个、四个等，除非实施例中另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非实施例中另有明确的相关规定或者限定，否则实施例中出现的术 语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”和“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，连接可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体，可以理解的，也可以是机械连接、电连接等；当然，还可以是直接相连，或者通过中间媒介进行间接连接，或者可以是两个元件内部的连通，或者两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，能够根据具体的实施情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，包括：电机控制器箱体和安装于所述电机控制器箱体的水道盖板，所述电机控制器箱体包括水道入水口、箱体内部水道入水口、箱体内部出水口和水道出水口；
    所述水道盖板包括水道盖板入水口、功率模块入水口、安装槽、功率模块出水口和水道盖板出水口；
    所述安装槽用于安装电机控制器的功率模块，当所述功率模块安装于所述安装槽时，所述功率模块的散热面与所述水道盖板的安装槽密接安装，形成冷却容纳腔；
    所述水道入水口与所述箱体内部水道入水口连通，所述箱体内部水道入水口与所述水道盖板入水口连通，所述水道盖板入水口与所述功率模块入水口、所述冷却容纳腔、所述功率模块出水口、所述水道盖板出水口依次连通，所述水道盖板出水口与所述箱体内部出水口连通，所述箱体内部出水口与所述水道出水口连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述电机控制器箱体还包括第二水道入水口和第二散热水道，所述水道盖板出水口与所述第二水道入水口连通，所述第二水道入水口与所述第二散热水道连通，所述第二散热水道与所述箱体内部出水口连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述水道盖板出水口与所述第二水道入水口相匹配；
    所述水道盖板出水口与所述第二水道入水口之间的管道设计为弧形；
    所述第二水道入水口垂直与所述第二散热水道连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二散热水道呈U形布置；
    所述第二散热水道为扁平状管道，所述第二水道入水口与所述第二散热水道相匹配。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述水道入水口的位置高于所述箱体内部水道入水口的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述箱体内部水道入水口设置有导流面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述电机控制器系统的功率模块与所述水道盖板之间安装有密封圈。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述水道盖板包括多个用于安装功率模块的安装槽，每一所述安装槽分别与相应的所述功率模块入水口、所述功率模块出水口连通，相邻两个所述安装槽分别通过对应的所述功率模块入水口和所述功率模块出水口连通。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电机控制器的冷却装置，其特征在于，
    所述水道盖板包括多个用于安装功率模块的安装槽，每一所述安装槽分别与相应的所述功率模块入水口、所述功率模块出水口连通；
    所述水道盖板还包括第一支路水道和第二支路水道，所述第一支路水道与所述水道盖板入水口连接，所述第二支路水道与所述水道盖板出水口连接，每一所述安装槽的功率模块入水口与所述第一支路水道连接，每一所述安装槽的功率模块出水口与所述第二支路水道连接。
  10. 一种电机控制器，包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电机控制器的冷却装置以及功率模块。
  11. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电机控制器的冷却装置。
PCT/CN2022/134371 2021-12-31 2022-11-25 一种电机控制器的冷却装置、电机控制器及车辆 WO2023124681A1 (zh)

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