WO2023120101A1 - 溶液の超音波分離装置 - Google Patents

溶液の超音波分離装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023120101A1
WO2023120101A1 PCT/JP2022/044450 JP2022044450W WO2023120101A1 WO 2023120101 A1 WO2023120101 A1 WO 2023120101A1 JP 2022044450 W JP2022044450 W JP 2022044450W WO 2023120101 A1 WO2023120101 A1 WO 2023120101A1
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Prior art keywords
mist
gas
condenser
solution
atomizer
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一雄 松浦
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Nanomist Technologies Co Ltd
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Nanomist Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2023569244A priority Critical patent/JPWO2023120101A1/ja
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B04C5/26—Multiple arrangement thereof for series flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrasonic separation device for a solution that converts the solution into mist by ultrasonic vibration and separates and recovers low vapor pressure components.
  • a device has been developed that converts a solution into mist by ultrasonic vibration, collects this mist, and separates low vapor pressure components from the solution (see Patent Document 1).
  • the ultrasonic separation device of Patent Document 1 ultrasonically vibrates alcoholic water to generate mist, which is recovered to recover high-concentration alcohol. Since the mist generated by ultrasonic vibration has a higher alcohol concentration than the solution, it can be recovered to recover high-concentration alcohol, which is a low vapor pressure component.
  • the mist mixed gas of the mist generated by the ultrasonic vibration and the carrier gas is recovered by the condenser. Since the condenser cools and recovers the mist mixed gas, the alcohol vaporized in the carrier gas can be liquefied, condensed and recovered.
  • ultrasonic separator cools the mist mixed gas and recovers the mist, it is possible to condense and recover the low vapor pressure component such as alcohol contained in the mist mixed gas by vaporization.
  • Ultrasonic separation equipment can separate low vapor pressure components with less energy consumption than equipment that boils a solution to separate alcohol and solvent, but it can recover high concentration low vapor pressure components more efficiently. requested.
  • the present invention has been developed for the purpose of further improving the separation efficiency to recover high-concentration low-vapor-pressure components.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic separation device for a solution that can efficiently recover from a solution, improve separation efficiency, and reduce energy consumption.
  • An apparatus for ultrasonically separating a solution includes an atomizer that ultrasonically vibrates a solution to form a mist and mixes it with a carrier gas to form a mist mixed gas, and a mist mixed gas that flows in from the atomizer. is cooled to liquefy and recover the low vapor pressure component.
  • the collector includes a condenser that cools the mist mixture and a cooling mechanism for the condenser.
  • the condenser is a gas-to-gas heat exchanger
  • the cooling mechanism has a cooling blower mechanism that supplies outside air to the condenser's gas-to-gas heat exchanger, and the outside air is supplied from the cooling blower mechanism to the condenser's gas-to-gas heat exchanger. is supplied, and the condenser liquefies and recovers the low vapor pressure component of the mist gas mixture.
  • the ultrasonic separator described above has the advantage of being able to more efficiently recover high-concentration, low-vapor-pressure components from solutions, improve separation efficiency, and reduce energy consumption.
  • the atomizer can ultrasonically vibrate a solution to mix mist with a carrier gas to form a mist-mixed gas, and separate the mist from the mist-mixed gas to separate the low-vapor-pressure component.
  • the collector can cool the condenser with a cooling mechanism to efficiently cool the mist mixed gas, thereby efficiently liquefying and recovering the low vapor pressure component of the vaporized component.
  • the collector cools the mist mixed gas to liquefy and collect the vaporized low vapor pressure component in a supersaturated state, thereby efficiently separating the low vapor pressure component.
  • the condenser is cooled by a simple structure cooling mechanism that uses outside air to efficiently cool the mist mixture gas. Therefore, low vapor pressure components can be efficiently recovered.
  • a cooling mechanism with a simple structure that utilizes outside air, equipment costs and running costs can be reduced.
  • Another embodiment of the ultrasonic separation apparatus for a solution of the present invention includes a mist cooler in which a cooling air blowing mechanism supplies mist to the outside air and cools the outside air with the heat of vaporization of the mist to make cooling air, and a mist cooler and a blower for blowing the cooling air cooled in the condenser to the gas-to-gas heat exchanger of the condenser.
  • the above ultrasonic separator effectively cools the mist mixed gas by blowing the outside air cooled by the vaporization heat of the mist as cooling air to the gas-gas heat exchanger of the condenser to remove the low vapor pressure component. can be collected more efficiently.
  • the temperature of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer is 50° C. or more, and the temperature difference between the inflow side and the discharge side of the condenser is 10° C. or more. be.
  • the above ultrasonic separator can easily create a temperature difference between the inflow side and the discharge side of the condenser by raising the temperature of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer to a high temperature of 50°C or higher.
  • a large difference in the amount of saturated water vapor due to a high temperature difference zone can be utilized, and high-concentration low-vapor-pressure components can be recovered from the solution more efficiently, thereby improving the separation efficiency.
  • the low vapor pressure component of the vaporized component can be efficiently liquefied and recovered.
  • the temperature of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer is 55°C or higher.
  • the ultrasonic separation device described above makes it easier to create a temperature difference between the inflow side and the discharge side of the condenser by raising the temperature of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer to a higher temperature of 55°C or higher.
  • a large difference in the amount of saturated water vapor due to a higher temperature difference zone can be used, and high-concentration low-vapor-pressure components can be recovered from the solution more efficiently, thereby further improving the separation efficiency.
  • Another embodiment of the ultrasonic separation apparatus for a solution of the present invention further comprises a circulation path for circulating the carrier gas discharged from the collector to the atomizer, and the circulation path includes the carrier gas from the collector to the atomizer.
  • a pre-heat exchanger consisting of a gas-to-air heat exchanger that cools the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer and circulates it to the collector is connected with the carrier gas circulated to the pre-heat exchanger. The mist mixed gas is supplied to the collector.
  • the above ultrasonic separator cools the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer with the carrier gas discharged from the collector, and liquefies and collects the low vapor pressure component of the mist mixed gas. Cost can be reduced.
  • a solution ultrasonic separation apparatus comprises a gas-liquid separator in which a collector is connected to the discharge side of a condenser.
  • the above ultrasonic separator can recover low vapor pressure components in both the condenser and the gas-liquid separator.
  • the condenser efficiently cools the mist mixed gas and efficiently liquefies and recovers the low-vapor-pressure component of the vaporized component. Since it can be efficiently recovered by the gas-liquid separator connected to , the low vapor pressure component can be recovered extremely efficiently from the solution. Furthermore, since the fine mist can be recovered as mist by the gas-liquid separator, the condenser can be designed considering only the cooling efficiency of the mist-mixed gas without considering the recovery efficiency of the fine mist.
  • the mist mixed gas efficiently cooled by the condenser has a lower temperature and can efficiently liquefy the low vapor pressure component of the vaporized component. Further, since the gas-liquid separator is not intended to cool the mixed mist gas, the fine mist can be efficiently recovered by considering only the recovery efficiency.
  • the gas-liquid separator is a cyclone.
  • the above ultrasonic separator can efficiently recover low-vapor-pressure components with a cyclone gas-liquid separator with a simple structure.
  • Another embodiment of the ultrasonic separation apparatus for a solution of the present invention further comprises a circulation path for circulating the mist mixture gas discharged from the atomizer to the collector, the circulation path connecting the atomizer and the condenser.
  • a classifier for classifying and separating large-sized mist from the mist mixture gas discharged from the atomizer is connected between them.
  • a classifier is connected between the atomizer and the condenser to classify and remove large mist with low concentration of low vapor pressure components from the mist mixture gas, thereby recovering It is possible to increase the concentration of the low vapor pressure component to be used. This is because the classifier classifies the large mist contained in the mist mixed gas and returns it to the atomizer, and the mist mixed gas containing fine mist is supplied to the collector, so that the liquid with high concentration of low vapor pressure components can be recovered. be.
  • Another embodiment of the ultrasonic separation apparatus for a solution of the present invention is equipped with a gas-liquid separator in which the collector is connected to the discharge side of the condenser, the gas-liquid separator is a cyclone, and the classifier is a classifier.
  • the cyclone has an outer diameter larger than that of the gas-liquid separator cyclone connected to the discharge side of the condenser.
  • the outer diameter of the classifying cyclone different from the outer diameter of the cyclone of the gas-liquid separator, it is possible to process according to the mist particle size.
  • the outer diameter of the cyclone By increasing the outer diameter of the cyclone, the large mist contained in the mist mixed gas is classified and returned to the atomizer, and the mist mixed gas containing fine mist is supplied to the collector to collect low vapor pressure components. concentration can be increased.
  • concentration can be increased.
  • the gas-liquid separator by reducing the outer diameter of the cyclone, it is possible to efficiently collect the fine mist that has not been collected by the condenser.
  • Another embodiment of the ultrasonic separation apparatus for a solution of the present invention comprises a pre-heat exchanger for warming the carrier gas discharged from the collector with a mist gas mixture discharged from the atomizer.
  • the carrier gas heated by the heat exchanger is circulated to the atomizer.
  • the above ultrasonic separator heats the carrier gas circulating from the collector to the atomizer with the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer, so that the atomizer does not need to be supplied with heat energy from the outside.
  • the atomization efficiency can be further increased. It separates low-vapor-pressure components in a collector to lower the absolute humidity of the carrier gas, and further warms the carrier gas circulating to the atomizer in a pre-heat exchanger to further lower the relative humidity. This is because the carrier gas can be supplied to the atomizer while the temperature is raised by the humidity.
  • Another embodiment of the ultrasonic separator for solution of the present invention further comprises a heater for heating the solution supplied to the atomizer, and the solution heated by the heater is discharged from the collector.
  • a hot water heat exchanger is provided to heat the carrier gas, and the carrier gas discharged from the collector is heated by the hot water heat exchanger and circulated to the atomizer.
  • the solution supplied to the atomizer is heated by the heater to increase the atomization efficiency of the solution, and the heated solution is used to remove the carrier gas discharged from the collector.
  • the carrier gas can be efficiently heated and circulated to the atomizer.
  • the heated mist mixed gas can increase the vapor pressure of the low vapor pressure component and increase the mass content of the vaporized low vapor pressure component. Therefore, this mist mixed gas can efficiently recover the low vapor pressure component while setting the cooling temperature in the condenser high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an atomization separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the water content (saturated water vapor content) per cubic meter of air.
  • the ultrasonic separation apparatus 100 of the present invention is a solution containing a low vapor pressure component such as alcohol in a solvent such as water, or salts, organic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerols, glycols, nucleic acids, extracts, etc.
  • a solvent such as water, or salts, organic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerols, glycols, nucleic acids, extracts, etc.
  • the solute of is dissolved in a solvent such as water, and the low vapor pressure component water can be separated from such as salt water.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 converts the solution L into mist M by ultrasonic vibration, and collects this mist M to separate a solution having a lower vapor pressure component concentration than the solution.
  • This apparatus can ultrasonically vibrate the solution with the atomizer 1 to scatter the mist M in the carrier gas to form a mist mixed gas, and separate the mist from the mist mixed gas to separate the low vapor pressure component.
  • the mist mixed gas By cooling the mist mixed gas and liquefying and recovering the vaporized low vapor pressure component in a supersaturated state, the low vapor pressure component can be efficiently separated.
  • the maximum value of the vapor pressure of the low vapor pressure component of the mist mixed gas is specified by the temperature, it cannot exist in a vaporized state in a range exceeding the maximum value. Since the vapor pressure decreases with decreasing temperature, cooling the mist mixture reduces the maximum value of the low vapor pressure component, causing the low vapor pressure component above the maximum value to liquefy.
  • the maximum vapor pressure of water is specified by the temperature, and the temperature drops as the temperature drops. The gas can be recovered by cooling to reduce the water vapor pressure and liquefy the water vapor.
  • the vapor pressure of water is specified by temperature. As the temperature of the air increases and the water vapor pressure increases, the mass of water that can be contained in the air in the form of water vapor also increases.
  • air with a temperature of 70°C can contain 197g of water vapor per cubic meter, but air with a temperature of 30°C can contain only 30g of water vapor per cubic meter. Therefore, when a mist mixture gas with a humidity of 100% is cooled from 70° C. to 30° C., 167 g of water vapor is liquefied into water. The liquefied water condenses and adheres to the surface of the condenser that cools the mist mixed gas, or can be collected as fine mist.
  • the water vapor contained in 1 cubic meter of air varies significantly with temperature as follows: 70°C...197g/ m3 65°C...160g/ m3 60°C...121g/ m3 50°C whil83g/ m3 40°C whil51g/ m3 30°C whil30g/ m3 20°C whil17g/ m3 5°C whil7g/ m3
  • the graph in Figure 2 shows the mass of water that can be contained in the state of water vapor in 1 cubic meter of air.
  • the conventional ultrasonic separator heats the solution or carrier gas to make the mist mixed gas about 50 ° C., cools this mist mixed gas to 5 ° C. in a condenser, and lowers the water vapor pressure to a low temperature.
  • the vapor pressure component is liquefied and recovered in a supersaturated state.
  • This separator liquefies and recovers about 76 g of water vapor, with the amount of water vapor that can be contained in 1 cubic meter ranging from about 83 g (50° C.) to 7 g (5° C.).
  • the supersaturated low vapor pressure component is liquefied and recovered.
  • the mist mixed gas is cooled to a low temperature of 5°C in the condenser, and the low vapor pressure component is liquefied and recovered.
  • the power consumption of the cooling mechanism increases, and the running cost also increases.
  • the high equipment cost is due to the use of a pressure-resistant heat exchanger that circulates high-pressure refrigerant in the mist mixed gas condenser, and this heat exchanger requires a chiller that circulates pressurized refrigerant. This is because
  • a conventional ultrasonic separator for recovering fresh water from salt water cools a mist mixture gas at 50°C to 5°C, and the mass of water that can be recovered in a supersaturated state of water vapor is 76 g.
  • the ultrasonic separator that cools the mixed gas to 30 ° C and collects water vapor in a supersaturated state can be contained in 1 cubic meter even though the cooling temperature of the mist mixed gas can be set from 5 ° C to 30 ° C and as high as 25 ° C.
  • the mass of steam that can be liquefied and recovered in a supersaturated state is 167g, which is more than double that of a separation device that cools to 5°C. Furthermore, even in a separation device that cools a mist mixed gas of 60°C to 30°C, the amount of water vapor that can be contained in 1 cubic meter is about 121 g (60°C) to 30 g (30°C), and the mass of water vapor that can be recovered in a supersaturated state is 91 g, and in a separation device that cools a mist mixture gas of 65 ° C.
  • the amount of water vapor that can be contained in 1 cubic meter is about 160 g (65 ° C.) to 30 g (30 ° C.), and the mass of water vapor that can be recovered is 130 g.
  • the cooling temperature can be increased to 30°C, while the recovery of water, which is a low vapor pressure component, can be increased compared to a separator cooled to 5°C.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 of the present invention increases the temperature at which the condenser 4 cools the mist mixed gas, and the condenser 4 has a simple structure that does not require a high-pressure pressure-resistant structure, while efficiently removing the low vapor pressure component. well separated.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 in FIG. 1 separates the low vapor pressure component from the solution L by using outside air cooled by the heat of vaporization of the mist without using a pressure-resistant heat exchanger and chiller.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 in this figure includes an atomizer 1, a collector 3 that cools the mist mixed gas flowing in from the atomizer 1 and liquefies and recovers the low vapor pressure component, and the mist mixed gas ( carrier gas) to the atomizer 1 and the recovery device 3.
  • the circulation path 7 circulates the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 to the collector 3 and further circulates the carrier gas discharged from the collector 3 to the atomizer 1 .
  • the collector 3 of the ultrasonic separator 100 shown in the figure has a condenser 4 connected to the discharge side of the atomizer 1 to cool the mist mixture gas supplied from the atomizer 1, thereby collecting low vapor pressure components. do.
  • the atomizer 1 blows a carrier gas onto the surface of the liquid column P protruding from the liquid surface by ultrasonic vibration to generate a mist mixture gas.
  • Mist M scatters.
  • the scattered mist M is dispersed in the carrier gas to form a mist mixed gas.
  • the mist M of the mist mixed gas is contained in a state in which a part thereof is vaporized and vaporized into the mist mixed gas.
  • the vaporized low vapor pressure component increases the concentration of the low vapor pressure component in the mist mixed gas.
  • the vaporized low vapor pressure component can be recovered by cooling the mist mixed gas in the condenser 4 and liquefying it. By cooling the mist mixed gas, the condenser 4 supersaturates and liquefies the low vapor pressure component contained in the gaseous state in the carrier gas. The liquefied low vapor pressure component condenses on the surface of the condenser 4 and is recovered. Furthermore, since the mist mixture is cooled by contacting the surface of the condenser 4, the area contacting the surface will be cold. Since the temperature of the mist mixed gas drops and the low vapor pressure component becomes supersaturated, the liquid low vapor pressure component liquefied in the area contacting the surface condenses on the surface of the condenser 4 and is collected. .
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 shown in FIG. 1 collects the fine mist which is not liquefied and collected by the condenser 4 and is discharged as a carrier gas on the discharge side of the condenser 4.
  • a gas-liquid separator 6 is connected.
  • This separation device 100 recovers low vapor pressure components in both the condenser 4 and the gas-liquid separator 6 to efficiently recover the low vapor pressure components.
  • the separation device 100 can be designed by considering only the cooling efficiency of the mist mixed gas without considering the efficiency of collecting the fine mist in the condenser 4 .
  • the mist mixed gas efficiently cooled by the condenser 4 can efficiently liquefy the low vapor pressure component that has been vaporized due to a drop in temperature.
  • the condenser 4 can increase the flow velocity of the mist mixed gas to increase the cooling efficiency, but the condenser 4 that blows the mist mixed gas at high speed reduces the collection efficiency of fine mist generated by liquefaction. This is because the carrier gas blown at high speed blows off the fine mist and discharges it from the condenser 4 . Therefore, in the ultrasonic separator 100, the fine mist discharged from the condenser 4 is recovered by the gas-liquid separator 6. FIG. Since the gas-liquid separator 6 is not intended to cool the mixed mist gas, the fine mist can be efficiently recovered by a cyclone having a simple structure, taking into consideration only the recovery efficiency.
  • the ultrasonic separator 100 in which the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the discharge side of the condenser 4, efficiently cools the mist mixed gas in the condenser 4 to efficiently liquefy the low-vapor-pressure component of the vaporized component into mist. Further, fine mist that is not collected by the condenser 4 can be efficiently collected by a simple gas-liquid separator 6 such as the cyclone 6a, so that low vapor pressure components can be collected from the solution L very efficiently.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 in which the gas-liquid separator 6 is connected to the discharge side of the condenser 4 has a low vapor pressure compared to a device that recovers low vapor pressure components only with a condenser without providing a gas-liquid separator. The recovery of vapor pressure components can be improved by about 50%.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 of FIG. By connecting a classifier 8 that classifies and separates, the concentration of the low vapor pressure component to be recovered can be increased. Furthermore, the ultrasonic separation device 100 circulates the carrier gas from the collector 3 to the atomizer 1 through the circulation path 7, heats the carrier gas circulated from the gas-liquid separator 6 to the atomizer 1, Further, a heater 10 is provided for heating the solution L to preferably 50°C or higher, more preferably 55°C or higher, optimally 60°C to 75°C. (Atomizer 1)
  • the atomizer 1 in FIG. 1 ultrasonically vibrates the solution L to scatter the mist M in the carrier gas to form a mist mixed gas.
  • the ultrasonic atomizer 1A includes an atomization chamber 21 having a closed structure to which a solution L and a carrier gas are supplied, and a plurality of atomization chambers 21 for ultrasonically vibrating the solution L in the atomization chamber 21 to atomize it into a mist M.
  • An ultrasonic transducer 22 and an ultrasonic power supply (not shown) for supplying AC power to the ultrasonic transducer 22 are provided.
  • the atomization chamber 21 is a closed chamber in which the solution L inside is ultrasonically vibrated and atomized into the carrier gas of the carrier gas.
  • the sprayed mist M is mixed with the carrier gas to form a mist mixed gas.
  • the atomization chamber 21 keeps the liquid level of the solution L constant.
  • the liquid level is ultrasonically vibrated by the ultrasonic vibrator 22 and set to a position where the solution L can be efficiently atomized.
  • the atomization chamber 21 is connected via a pump 9a to the solution tank 9 storing the solution L, and the discharge side is connected to the solution tank 9. ing.
  • the atomization chamber 21 causes the solution L to overflow from a drain port provided on the discharge side to keep the liquid level constant, or discharges a predetermined amount of the solution L from the discharge port.
  • a liquid surface level of the solution L is detected by a level sensor, and the level sensor controls the operation of the pump 9a to maintain a constant liquid surface level.
  • the ultrasonic separator 100 shown in FIG. 1 circulates the solution L through the solution tank 9 and the atomization chamber 21 while keeping the liquid level in the atomization chamber 21 constant. 21 solute concentrations are concentrated. In this device, when the concentration of the atomization chamber 21 and the solution tank 9 reaches the set concentration, both solutions L are discharged and replaced with new solution L.
  • the atomizer 1 in FIG. 1 heats the solution L and the carrier gas and discharges the heated mist mixed gas.
  • the heated mist mixed gas can increase the vapor pressure of the low vapor pressure component and increase the mass content of the vaporized low vapor pressure component. Therefore, this mist mixture gas can be cooled at a high temperature in the condenser 4, and the low vapor pressure component can be efficiently recovered.
  • the temperature of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 is preferably 50°C or higher, more preferably 55°C or higher, most preferably 60°C to 70°C.
  • a pre-heat exchanger 11 and a hot water heat exchanger 12, which will be described later, are connected to the circulation path 7 of the carrier gas.
  • the solution L ultrasonically vibrated in the atomization chamber 21 protrudes from the liquid surface to generate a liquid column P, and the mist M is separated from the surface of the liquid column P and scattered into the carrier gas.
  • the ultrasonic atomizer 1A of FIG. 1 has a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 22 arranged upward at the bottom of an atomization chamber 21 filled with a solution L. As shown in FIG. Each ultrasonic oscillator 22 emits ultrasonic waves upward from the bottom toward the surface of the solution to generate a liquid column P projecting vertically from the surface of the solution.
  • the ultrasonic transducer 22 is connected to an ultrasonic power supply (not shown).
  • the ultrasonic power supply supplies alternating current power of a frequency that ultrasonically vibrates the ultrasonic transducer 22 . Since ultrasonic vibration is performed at the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 22, the ultrasonic power supply supplies AC power of, for example, several tens of kHz to several MHz, preferably 50 kHz to 1 MHz, to vibrate the ultrasonic transducer 22. (Collector 3)
  • the collector 3 cools the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 to collect the mist and the low vapor pressure component.
  • the collector 3 in FIG. 1 includes a condenser 4 for cooling the mist mixed gas and collecting the mist, a cooling mechanism 5 for cooling the condenser 4, and fine mist from the cooled mixed gas discharged from the condenser 4. and a gas-liquid separator 6 for collecting the
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 can efficiently recover low vapor pressure components by recovering the low vapor pressure components in both the condenser 4 and the gas-liquid separator 6 .
  • the condenser 4 in FIG. 1 is a gas-gas heat exchanger 4a that cools the mist mixed gas, and cools the mist mixed gas with outside air supplied from the cooling blower mechanism 5a. All heat exchangers capable of exchanging heat between gases can be used as the gas-gas heat exchanger 4a.
  • a gas-to-gas heat exchanger 4a of the condenser 4 is cooled by outside air.
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 4a cooled by the outside air has a higher cooling temperature than the condenser cooled by a conventional chiller, but the temperature of the mist mixture gas discharged from the atomizer 1 is increased, Low vapor pressure components can be efficiently recovered. This is because the high-temperature mist mixed gas has a high vapor pressure of the low vapor pressure component and contains a large amount of the low vapor pressure component in a gaseous state.
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 4a of the condenser 4 can cool the mist mixture gas with the outside air without mixing the outside air blown from the cooling blower mechanism 5a with the mist mixture gas discharged from the atomizer 1.
  • the present invention does not specify the heat exchanger for the condenser 4, since all heat exchangers can be used, e.g. plate type, elliptical tube type, corrugated tube type, etc., but FIG. 1 shows a simple structure. 2 illustrates a gas-to-gas heat exchanger 4a.
  • the condenser 4 of the gas-to-gas heat exchanger 4a shown in this figure has a plurality of cooling fins 4b arranged parallel to each other in a metal air pipe 4c and connected in a thermally coupled state. A gap for blowing a mist mixed gas is provided between them.
  • the condenser 4 recovers the mist condensed on the surface of the cooling fins 4b to recover the low vapor pressure component, and further cools the mist mixed gas passing through the blowing gap.
  • the cooled mist mixed gas is liquefied as the vaporized low vapor pressure component becomes supersaturated.
  • the liquefied liquid condenses on the surfaces of the cooling fins 4b and is recovered, but all the liquefied liquid becomes fine mist without being condensed and recovered.
  • the fine mist does not adhere to the surfaces of the cooling fins 4b and is discharged together with the blown carrier gas and supplied to the gas-liquid separator 6.
  • the condenser 4 thus discharges a cooled carrier gas containing fine mist, ie a cooled mixture of mist contained in the cooled carrier gas. (Cooling mechanism 5)
  • the cooling mechanism 5 includes a cooling blower mechanism 5a that supplies outside air to cool the condenser 4.
  • the cooling blower mechanism 5a cools the condenser 4 by blowing outside air.
  • the cooling air blowing mechanism 5a preferably cools the outside air with the heat of vaporization of the mist and supplies it to the condenser 4 as cooling air. Since the cooling air blowing mechanism 5a can lower the temperature of the outside air blown to the condenser 4, the condenser 4 can efficiently recover the low vapor pressure component.
  • the cooling blower mechanism 5a preferably supplies outside air of 10° C. to 35° C. to the condenser 4. As shown in FIG.
  • the heat of vaporization of the mist is used to cool the outside air and supply it to the condenser 4 as cooling air. It is supplied to the condenser 4 without cooling at .
  • the cooling blower mechanism 5a for cooling outside air with the vaporization heat of the mist includes a mist cooler 5b for cooling the outside air with the mist, and a blower 5c for blowing the outside air cooled by the mist cooler 5b to the condenser 4 as cooling air.
  • the mist cooler 5b includes a closed chamber 15a and a mist supplier 15b for supplying mist into the closed chamber 15a.
  • the sealed chamber 15a is a closed chamber for blowing external air, and brings the blown external air and mist into contact with each other, evaporating the mist with the external air, and cooling the external air with the vaporization heat of the mist to obtain cooling air.
  • the cooling blower mechanism 5a blows outside air into the sealed chamber 15a with a blower 5c, and in the sealed chamber 15a, pressurized water sent from a pressure pump 15d is sprayed from a nozzle 15c to supply mist into the sealed chamber 15a. Then, the outside air is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the sprayed mist to obtain cooling air.
  • the closed chamber 15a is connected on the discharge side to the gas-to-air heat exchanger 4a of the condenser 4, and supplies the outside air cooled in the closed chamber 15a to the gas-to-air heat exchanger 4a.
  • a gas-to-gas heat exchanger 4a of the condenser 4 cools the mist mixture and recovers the low vapor pressure components.
  • the above-described mist cooler 5b sprays pressurized water from the nozzle 15c to supply mist to the outside air, but a structure of an ultrasonic humidifier that generates mist by ultrasonically vibrating water can also be used. (Gas-liquid separator 6)
  • the gas-liquid separator 6 constitutes a part of the collector 3, is connected to the discharge side of the condenser 4, and collects the fine mist contained in the carrier gas discharged from the condenser 4.
  • the condenser 4 cools the mist mixed gas flowing from the atomizer 1 and recovers the low vapor pressure component.
  • the condenser 4 can cool the mist mixed gas to a lower temperature, lower the saturated vapor pressure of the low vapor pressure component, and increase the liquefaction amount. In order for the condenser 4 to efficiently cool the mist mixed gas, it is necessary to blow the mist mixed gas to the surface of the condenser 4 at a high flow velocity.
  • the mist mixed gas is cooled efficiently by increasing the flow velocity, the recovery amount of the low vapor pressure component decreases.
  • the present inventors investigated the cause of this problem from various angles and found that the temperature of the mist mixture gas can be lowered by increasing the flow velocity. It has been found that the low-vapor-pressure components that have formed are blown off, reducing the probability of dew condensation on the surface of the condenser 4 and reducing the mist collection efficiency. In particular, the mist generated by being cooled and liquefied by the condenser 4 is extremely small, so that the probability that the mist will flow together with the mist mixture gas, contact the surface of the condenser 4, and be collected will be reduced.
  • the mist mixed gas is cooled to a lower temperature, the low vapor pressure components are efficiently liquefied into fine mist, and the fine mist is recovered efficiently.
  • the condenser 4 in order to efficiently liquefy the low vapor pressure component into mist, it is necessary to increase the flow velocity of the mist mixed gas to increase the cooling efficiency. collection efficiency of fine mist decreases.
  • the cooling efficiency with which the condenser 4 cools the mist mixed gas and the recovery efficiency with which the mist is recovered are contradictory characteristics, and both cannot be satisfied.
  • the ultrasonic separator 100 is provided on the discharge side of the condenser 4.
  • a gas-liquid separator collects the fine mist that is not liquefied and collected by the condenser 4 and is discharged as a carrier gas as a fine mist. 6 are connected.
  • This separation device 100 recovers low vapor pressure components in both the condenser 4 and the gas-liquid separator 6 to efficiently recover the low vapor pressure components.
  • the condenser 4 can be designed considering only the cooling efficiency of the mist mixed gas without considering the efficiency of collecting the fine mist.
  • the efficiently cooled mist mixed gas can efficiently liquefy the low-vapor-pressure component that has been vaporized due to a drop in temperature.
  • the fine mist discharged from the condenser 4 can be recovered by the gas-liquid separator 6, and the gas-liquid separator 6 is not intended for cooling the mixed mist gas. Fine mist can be efficiently collected by a cyclone or the like.
  • the collector 3 can improve the collection efficiency by connecting the gas-liquid separator 6 to the discharge side of the condenser 4 to collect the fine mist discharged from the condenser 4 .
  • a cyclone 6a can preferably be used as the gas-liquid separator 6 .
  • the cyclone 6 a separates fine mist contained in the carrier gas discharged from the condenser 4 .
  • the cyclone 6a has a shape in which a cone is connected to the lower end of a cylinder, and the mist mixed gas flows into the upper part of the cylinder in a tangential direction.
  • a mist mixture entering the cylinder tangential rotates in a spiral inside the cylinder.
  • the spirally rotating mist mixture causes the mist to spiral with the carrier gas.
  • the spun mist experiences a centrifugal force radially outward from the center. Centrifugal force increases in proportion to the mass of mist. Since the mass of the mist increases in proportion to the cube of the radius of the mist, the centrifugal force of the mist increases in proportion to the cube of the radius of the mist. For this reason, even fine mist is swung outward by centrifugal force, transferred to the inner surface of the cylinder, adheres to the inner surface of the cylinder, flows down along the inner surface of the cone, and is separated from the mist mixture gas.
  • the particle size of the mist classified by the cyclone 6a can be specified by the inner shape of the cyclone 6a and the flow velocity of the mist mixed gas. This is because the centrifugal force that the mist receives within the cyclone 6a increases in proportion to the square of the velocity at which the mist flows in a circular orbit within the cyclone 6a and decreases in inverse proportion to the radius.
  • the flow velocity of the mist can be specified by the flow velocity of the mist mixed gas flowing into the cyclone 6a, and the radius of the circular orbit along which the mist flows can be specified by the inner diameter of the cylinder of the cyclone 6a.
  • the centrifugal force applied to the mist is increased. Therefore, the cyclone 6a of the gas-liquid separator 6 has a small inner diameter, so that the flow velocity of the mist-mixed gas into the cyclone 6a is increased, and finer mist can be collected. This is because the inner diameter of the cyclone 6a is small, the flow velocity of the mist is increased, and the centrifugal force applied to the mist is increased, so that finer mist adheres to the inner surface of the cylinder and is classified. (Classifier 8)
  • the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 contains both large-particle mist and fine mist.
  • the mist of the mist mixture gas has different concentrations of the low vapor pressure components depending on the particle size, and the large mist having a large particle size has a lower concentration of the low vapor pressure components than the fine mist. Since the large mist has a low concentration of the low vapor pressure component, the concentration of the low vapor pressure component to be collected can be increased by classifying and removing the mist mixed gas.
  • a cyclone or demister can be used for the classifier 8.
  • the classifier 8 in FIG. 1 classifies the large mists without separating the fine mists from the carrier gas, returns them to the atomization chamber 21 , and transfers the mist mixed gas from which the large mists are separated to the condenser 4 .
  • the classifying cyclone 8a in the figure separates large mist and allows fine mist to pass through. It reduces the centrifugal force of the mist. Since the centrifugal force of mist is inversely proportional to the inner diameter of the cyclone, a cyclone with a large inner diameter can classify only large mist without classifying fine mist with a small centrifugal force.
  • the classifying cyclone 8a can adjust the size of the mist to be classified by the inner diameter and the flow velocity of the mist mixed gas. , the concentration of the low vapor pressure component that can be recovered by the recovery device 3 can be increased. The classification cyclone 8a can reduce the particle size of the mist to be classified and increase the concentration of the low vapor pressure component to be classified, but the amount recovered in the recovery device 3 is reduced, so the required concentration and recovery amount are considered. and set it to the optimum value.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 equipped with the classifier 8 classifies the large mist contained in the mist mixed gas from the atomizer 1 and returns it to the atomizer 1, and the mist mixed gas containing fine mist is sent to the collector 3. and recovers a liquid with a high concentration of low vapor pressure components.
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 of the present invention supplies the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 to the collector 3 without classifying the large mist from the mist mixed gas with the classifier 8 (not shown). can also be used to recover low vapor pressure components.
  • the classifier 8 uses the classifying cyclone 8a, but the classifier 8 can also use other devices capable of classifying large mist from the mist mixed gas, such as a demister in which a plurality of nets are laminated.
  • the demister adheres the classification mist to a net, recovers it from the carrier gas, and classifies it.
  • the demister can pass the fine mist through the mesh and supply it to the condenser 4 . (Pre-heat exchanger 11)
  • the ultrasonic separator 100 preferably circulates the carrier gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 6 to the atomizer 1 and generates the circulating carrier gas by ultrasonic vibration. Atomization efficiency can be improved by blowing air to the surface of the liquid column P. Further, a pre-heat exchanger 11 is provided between the gas-liquid separator 6 and the atomizer 1, and the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 heats the carrier gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 6. By circulating the carrier gas heated by the pre-heat exchanger 11 to the atomizer 1, the atomization efficiency can be further improved.
  • a pre-heat exchanger 11 is provided between the atomizer 1 and the condenser 4, and the mist mixed gas supplied from the atomizer 1 is cooled by the carrier gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 6. can be supplied to the condenser 4 to improve the atomization efficiency.
  • the pre-heat exchanger 11 absorbs the thermal energy of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1, and heats the carrier gas circulating from the gas-liquid separator 6 to the atomizer 1.
  • Gas-gas heat exchange It is the vessel 11a.
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 11a absorbs thermal energy from the mist mixed gas without mixing the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 and the carrier gas flowing back to the atomizer 1, and transfers the gas. All heat exchangers that can heat gas, such as plate type, elliptical tube type, corrugated tube type heat exchangers, etc. can be used. is exemplified.
  • This gas-gas heat exchanger 11a has the same structure as the gas-gas heat exchanger 4a of the condenser 4, and has a plurality of cooling fins 11d in a metal pipe 11c for blowing the carrier gas discharged from the collector 3. Between the cooling fins 11d, which are connected in a thermally coupled state, a gap for blowing the mist mixture gas from the atomizer 1 is provided.
  • the gas-to-gas heat exchanger 11a of the pre-heat exchanger 11 blows the low-temperature carrier gas, which is cooled by the condenser 4 and circulated from the collector 3 to the atomizer 1, to the metal pipe 11c. and cooling fins 11d on the surface. Cools the heated mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1, which is blown to the surface of the cooled metal pipe 11c and the cooling fins 11d. This is because the heated mist mixed gas is cooled by coming into contact with the surface of the cooling fins 11d.
  • the mist mixed gas discharged from the pre-heat exchanger 11 is supplied to the condenser 4 .
  • the pre-heat exchanger 11 cools the heated mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 before the condenser 4, the low vapor pressure components condense on the surfaces of the cooling fins 11d and the metal pipes 11c. Sometimes. Since the condensed liquid has a high concentration of low vapor pressure components, it is recovered in the recovery tank 30 .
  • the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 is heated to, for example, 50.degree. C. to 70.degree.
  • the carrier gas discharged from the collector 3 is cooled by the condenser 4 and passes through the gas-liquid separator 6, so that it is cooled to a low temperature of 25°C to 35°C, for example.
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 11 a of the pre-heat exchanger 11 converts the carrier gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 6 at 25° C. to 35° C. into the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 at 40° C. to 50° C. It is heated to °C and circulated to the atomizer 1.
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 11a of the pre-heat exchanger 11 converts the mist mixture gas discharged from the atomizer 1 at 50°C to 70°C to 30°C with the carrier gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 6. It is cooled to ⁇ 45°C and fed to condenser 4 of collector 3 .
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 11a raises the temperature of the carrier gas supplied to the atomizer 1 to improve the atomization efficiency, and lowers the temperature of the carrier gas supplied to the condenser 4 to increase the gas in the condenser 4.
  • the recovery efficiency can be improved by liquefying low-vapor-pressure components.
  • the gas-gas heat exchanger 11a absorbs the heat energy of the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 and supplies it to the carrier gas supplied to the atomizer 1, so that heat energy can be supplied from the outside. Both the atomization efficiency and the collection efficiency can be improved without forcibly absorbing thermal energy. (warmer 10)
  • the ultrasonic separation device 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a heater 10 that heats the solution L supplied to the atomizer 1 .
  • the solution temperature in the atomization chamber 21 affects the efficiency of atomizing the solution L.
  • the atomization efficiency can be increased by setting the temperature of the solution L as the set temperature.
  • the ultrasonic separator 100 of FIG. 1 is provided with a hot water tank 10a as a heater 10 for the solution L to be supplied to the atomizer 1.
  • the hot water tank 10a includes a heater 10b for heating the solution L to a set temperature.
  • the hot water tank 10a can also heat the solution L with an electric heater or a heating medium such as heating steam or hot water.
  • the hot water tank 10a heats the temperature of the solution L to, for example, 50° C. or higher, preferably 60° C. or higher. If the temperature for heating the solution L is increased, the energy consumption increases.
  • the hot water tank 10a is provided on the inflow side of the solution L of the atomizer 1, but it can also be provided on the discharge side of the solution L of the atomizer 1, or the like.
  • the temperature of the solution is raised in the hot water tank 10a to increase the atomization efficiency. A mist mixture can also be generated. (Hot water heat exchanger 12)
  • the hot water heat exchanger 12 shown in the figure is a liquid-gas heat exchanger 12a for heating the carrier gas circulated to the atomizer 1, and is provided with a circulation pipe 12c having radiation fins 12b on its surface.
  • the circulation pipe 12c connects the inflow side to the atomization chamber 21 and the discharge side to the hot water tank 10a to circulate the heated solution L supplied from the atomization chamber 21 to the hot water tank 10a.
  • the hot water heat exchanger 12 blows the carrier gas circulated from the gas-liquid separator 6 to the atomizer 1 to the radiating fins 12b on the surface of the circulation pipe 12c, and heats the carrier gas with the heated solution L. .
  • FIG. 1 shows that the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 is divided into the following steps: atomizer 1 ⁇ classifier 8 ⁇ pre-heat exchanger 11 ⁇ condenser 4 ⁇ gas-liquid separator 6 ⁇ pre-heat exchanger 11 ⁇ hot water heat.
  • a preferable temperature range is illustrated in a state of circulation from the exchanger 12 to the atomizer 1 .
  • the atomizer 1 supplies the solution L to the classifier 8 as a mist mixed gas by ultrasonic vibration.
  • the mist mixed gas discharged from the classifier 8 after the large mist is classified flows into the pre-heat exchanger 11 at a temperature of 50.degree. C. to 70.degree.
  • the pre-heat exchanger 11 cools the mist mixed gas discharged from the atomizer 1 with the carrier gas of 25° C. to 35° C. discharged from the gas-liquid separator 6 to produce a mist mixed gas of 30° C. to 45° C.
  • Condenser 4 is supplied.
  • the condenser 4 cools the mist mixed gas to liquefy the vaporized low vapor pressure component, cools it to 25° C. to 35° C., and discharges it.
  • the cooled mist mixed gas passes through the gas-liquid separator 6, is heated to 40° C. to 50° C. in the pre-heat exchanger 11, flows into the hot water heat exchanger 12, and is heated to 50° C. in the hot water heat exchanger 12.
  • the solution L is heated to 50° C. to 75° C. in the hot water tank 10a and supplied to the hot water heat exchanger 12 via the atomizer 1 to heat the carrier gas circulated through the atomizer 1. It is heated and circulated to the hot water tank 10a.
  • the above ultrasonic separator can be optimally used for efficiently recovering low vapor pressure components from a solution while reducing equipment costs.

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  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/044450 2021-12-21 2022-12-01 溶液の超音波分離装置 Ceased WO2023120101A1 (ja)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10295358A (ja) * 1997-04-21 1998-11-10 Honke Matsuura Shiyuzoujiyou:Kk アルコール溶液のアルコール分離装置
JPH11128601A (ja) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-18 Konica Corp 蒸発濃縮装置
JP2002122387A (ja) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-26 Hitachi Eng Co Ltd 空気冷却式熱交換器
JP2005066526A (ja) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-17 Choonpa Jozosho Kk 溶液の超音波分離方法とこの方法に使用される超音波分離装置
JP2005270888A (ja) * 2004-03-25 2005-10-06 Choonpa Jozosho Kk 溶液の濃縮方法とこの方法に使用される濃縮装置
JP2007271200A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Chiba Univ 空気調和装置
CN102464571A (zh) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种超声雾化浓缩乙醇的装置及浓缩乙醇的方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10295358A (ja) * 1997-04-21 1998-11-10 Honke Matsuura Shiyuzoujiyou:Kk アルコール溶液のアルコール分離装置
JPH11128601A (ja) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-18 Konica Corp 蒸発濃縮装置
JP2002122387A (ja) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-26 Hitachi Eng Co Ltd 空気冷却式熱交換器
JP2005066526A (ja) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-17 Choonpa Jozosho Kk 溶液の超音波分離方法とこの方法に使用される超音波分離装置
JP2005270888A (ja) * 2004-03-25 2005-10-06 Choonpa Jozosho Kk 溶液の濃縮方法とこの方法に使用される濃縮装置
JP2007271200A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Chiba Univ 空気調和装置
CN102464571A (zh) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种超声雾化浓缩乙醇的装置及浓缩乙醇的方法

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