WO2023119676A1

WO2023119676A1 - Multitasking machine

Info

Publication number: WO2023119676A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/048442
Authority: WO
Inventors: 森雅彦
Original assignee: 株式会社Fuji
Priority date: 2021-12-25
Filing date: 2021-12-25
Publication date: 2023-06-29
Also published as: JPWO2023119676A1

Abstract

This multitasking machine comprises: a workpiece spindle device that rotates a gripped workpiece; a turret device for processing the workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device with a turret tool indexed for rotation; a tool spindle device for processing a workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device by rotating an exchangeable spindle head tool; an automatic tool exchanging device for exchanging the spindle head tool for the tool spindle device; an openable and closable separation shutter provided between the turret device and the tool spindle device; and a control device that controls the driving of each device and the separation shutter, wherein in a processing process for continuously processing the workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device by means of the turret device and the tool spindle device, when the separation shutter is closed, the control device causes the automatic tool exchanging device to exchange the spindle head tool of the tool spindle device, in parallel with the processing of the workpiece by the turret device.

Description

Multitasking machine

The present invention relates to a multi-tasking machine that efficiently and appropriately changes tools with an automatic tool changer.

Machine tools use automatic tool changers that store multiple tools and automatically change tools as needed. Patent Document 1 below discloses an automatic tool changer which has a tool magazine storing a plurality of tools to be attached to a turret, and uses a tool change mechanism to replace the tools attached to the turret with the tools stored in the tool magazine. An apparatus is disclosed. While the tool on the tool spindle is machining, the tool to be used next is prepared on the tool post, and while the tool on the tool post is machining, the tool to be used next is prepared on the tool spindle The preparation reduces the time required for tool change.

JP 2005-125483 A

However, there was a problem with the tool change during machining by the conventional machine tool. When a workpiece is machined by the machine tool, chips and coolant used for cooling are scattered from the workpiece while the tool on the turret is used for machining. When changing tools in a machining room in such an environment, the scattered chips get into the tool mounting part of the tool spindle, and the chips that get caught prevent the tool from being properly mounted, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy. On the other hand, if the tool change is performed after the machining on the turret is completed, the cycle time will be extended and the machining efficiency will be lowered.

Therefore, in order to solve such problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multitasking machine that performs appropriate tool exchange while shortening the machining time.

A multi-tasking machine according to one aspect of the present invention includes a workpiece spindle device that rotates a workpiece gripped by a chuck mechanism, and a turret tool that is pivotally indexed from among a plurality of turret tools to rotate the workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device. A turret device for machining, a tool spindle device for machining a workpiece gripped by the work spindle device by rotating an exchangeable spindle head tool, and an automatic tool exchange for the tool spindle device. a tool changing device; an openable and closable separation shutter provided between the turret device and the tool spindle device; and a control device for controlling driving of each device and the separation shutter, is a machining step in which the workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device is continuously machined by the turret device and the tool spindle device, in parallel with the machining of the workpiece by the turret device when the separation shutter is closed. Then, the automatic tool changer is caused to change the spindle head tool of the tool spindle device.

According to the above configuration, when it is confirmed that the separation shutter is closed when the machining of the workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device is a continuation of machining by the turret device and machining by the tool spindle device, The tool spindle can be protected from shavings and the like during work machining performed by the turret device, and the tool of the tool spindle is exchanged by the automatic tool changer in parallel with the machining.

1 is a perspective view showing the main structure of an embodiment of a multi-tasking machine; FIG. 1 is a side view showing the main structure of an embodiment of a multitasking machine; FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the tool spindle device of the multi-tasking machine; 1 is an external perspective view of an entire multi-tasking machine; FIG. Fig. 2 is a side view showing the multi-tasking machine with the body cover removed; 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a control system of a multi-tasking machine; FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing processing in an automatic tool change program. FIG. 4 is a simplified front view of the multi-tasking machine showing the switching state of the separation shutter; FIG. 4 is a simplified front view of the multi-tasking machine showing the switching state of the separation shutter;

An embodiment of a multi-tasking machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are a perspective view and a side view showing the main structure of the multitasking machine of this embodiment. This multitasking machine 1 includes a first work spindle device 3 and a second work spindle device 4 that rotate a gripped work W, a first turret device 5 having a plurality of turret tools Ta corresponding to machining of the work W, and In addition to the opposing two-spindle lathe in which the second turret device 6 is arranged symmetrically, a tool spindle device 2 is provided in the center of the machine body for executing machining that is difficult with a lathe.

The first and second work spindle devices 3 and 4 (hereinafter referred to as

work spindle devices

3 and 4 when both devices are described in common) have spindles rotatably incorporated in a cylindrical headstock 12. A chuck mechanism 11 for gripping and releasing a workpiece W to be processed is assembled. A chuck mechanism 11 rotates on the spindle by driving a spindle motor, so that phase determination and rotation at a predetermined speed are applied to the gripped workpiece W during machining.

The

work spindle devices

3 and 4 are mounted on the spindle slide 13 and configured to move on the front inclined surface of the bed 7 in the Z-axis direction. The center line of the main shaft is designed to be horizontal in the width direction of the machine body, but in this embodiment, the Z-axis direction refers to a direction parallel to this center line. The spindle slide 13 is assembled to slide on a guide rail parallel to the Z-axis, and is capable of linear movement by converting the rotational output of the Z-axis servomotor 14 into linear motion by means of a ball screw mechanism.

Next, the first turret device 5 and the second turret device 6 (hereinafter referred to as

turret devices

5 and 6 when both devices are described in common) use tools arbitrarily selected from a plurality of turret tools Ta. Then, the workpiece W is subjected to predetermined processing such as cutting. In the

turret devices

5 and 6, a plurality of turret tools Ta are attached to a disk-shaped turret 15, which is a tool rest, at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. It is configured so that it can be swiveled and indexed to the machining position on the circumference.

In order to move the turret tool Ta to the machining position, the

turret devices

5 and 6 move the turret 15 on the XY plane orthogonal to the Z-axis and on the YL at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal and vertical directions. It is configured to move in the axial and XL directions. A rear inclined surface 701 parallel to the YL axis is formed on the bed 7, and a substantially triangular base slide 17 is mounted thereon so as to be slidable along the YL axis. Further, a turret slide 18 is mounted on the base slide 17 so as to be slidable along the XL axis. The base slide 17 and turret slide 18 are each provided with a ball screw mechanism, and the rotation output of the YL-axis servomotor 19 or XL-axis servomotor 20 is converted into linear motion, enabling linear movement in each axial direction. .

Next, FIG. 3 is a side view showing the tool spindle device 2. FIG. The tool spindle device 2 incorporates a spindle servomotor and a tool spindle in a spindle head 21, and is housed in an automatic tool changer 8 (see FIG. 5) with respect to a tool mounting portion provided at the lower end thereof. Various spindle head tools Tb are exchanged. The spindle head 21 is rotatably attached to the spindle slide 22 and configured to transmit the rotation of the B-axis motor 23 via a rotation transmission mechanism.

The tool spindle device 2 is mounted on the bed 7 so that the base slide 25 slides parallel to the Y-axis direction, and the spindle slide 22 is mounted on the base slide 25 so that it slides vertically in the X-axis direction. is assembled to. Both the main shaft slide 22 and the base slide 25 are capable of linear movement in each axial direction by converting the rotational output of the Y-axis servomotor or the X-axis servomotor into linear motion by a ball screw mechanism.

Next, FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of the entire multi-tasking machine 1. FIG. The multi-tasking machine 1 includes the above-described first work spindle device 3 and the like, as well as the automatic tool changer 8 and the automatic work transfer device 9 , which are covered by a body cover 100 . The gantry-type automatic work transfer device 9 is provided so as to protrude upward from the machine body cover 100, and is configured to move the gripped work W inside the machine body. The automatic tool changer 8 is provided with a tool magazine inside a magazine cover 101 projecting forward from the front surface of the machine body.

Here, FIG. 5 is a side view showing the multitasking machine 1 with the body cover 100 removed. The multi-tasking machine 1 is assembled with the automatic work transfer device 9 on a turret-shaped frame structure 30 so that a chuck mechanism 32 for gripping the work W can be moved in three axial directions. In the automatic tool changer 8 , the tool magazine 31 is mounted on the upper part of the changer main body 33 and supported by two pedestals and a frame-structured support structure connected to the bed 7 . The automatic tool changer 8 includes a shift device for moving the spindle head tool Tb up and down in the changer main body 33, and a tool changer 35 for exchanging the spindle head tool Tb between the shift device and the tool spindle device 2. is provided.

The multitasking machine 1 has machining chambers for the

work spindle devices

3 and 4 at the back of the

front doors

105 and 106, so that the workpiece W can be machined simultaneously in each machining chamber. It is also possible to However, if these operations are performed simultaneously in one space, splattered chips, coolant, and the like will adhere to the spindle head tool Tb and the workpiece W, causing adverse effects. In particular, when a tool is exchanged for the tool spindle device 2, if chips or the like adhere to the spindle head tool Tb, proper mounting cannot be performed, resulting in a decrease in machining accuracy. Therefore, the multi-tasking machine 1 is provided with two

separation shutters

28A and 28B on both sides in the width direction of the tool spindle device 2, as indicated by the dashed line in FIG.

The

separation shutters

28A and 28B are movable in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage according to the Y-axis guide rail, and are configured to be switched between opening and closing by the expansion and contraction of air cylinders arranged in the coaxial direction. The multi-tasking machine 1 is capable of switching between machining chambers using

separate shutters

28A and 28B. As shown in FIG. 4 and a second machining space 10B for the second turret device 6, and a tool changing space 10C for the tool spindle device 2.

Next, FIG. 6 is a diagram conceptually showing the control system of the multi-tasking machine 1. FIG. A control device 50 that drives the multi-tasking machine 1 is connected to a microprocessor (CPU) 51 , a ROM 52 , a RAM 53 , a non-volatile memory 54 and the like via a bus line 57 . A CPU 51 performs overall control of the entire control unit, a ROM 52 stores system programs executed by the CPU 51, control parameters, and the like, and a RAM 53 temporarily stores calculation data and the like.

The control device 50 is provided with a programmable logic controller (PLC) 56 connected to an I/O unit 55, and operates various processing devices such as the tool spindle device 2 of the multi-tasking machine 1 according to a sequence program created in a ladder format. Drive control is performed. A machining program and the like are stored in the nonvolatile memory 54, and each function command is converted into a necessary signal by a sequence program, and output from the I/O unit 55 to the tool spindle device 2 and the like.

In the multitasking machine 1, continuous workpiece machining is performed by the first or

second turret devices

5, 6 and the tool spindle device 2, and the tool spindle device 2 is replaced with the corresponding tool by the automatic tool changer 6. will be In this embodiment, an automatic tool change program is stored for efficiently performing such tool change. FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing processing in the automatic tool change program. In particular, continuous work machining by the first turret device 5 and the tool spindle device 2 will be described, but the same applies to continuous work machining by the second turret device 6 and the tool spindle device 2 .

Also, FIGS. 8 and 9 are simplified front views of the multi-tasking machine 1 showing switching states of the

separation shutters

28A and 28B. Since the

separation shutters

28A and 28B move in the Y-axis direction penetrating the drawing, they are shown in the drawing only when they are closed to partition the space inside the machine. First, when a workpiece is to be machined by the first turret device 5, the separation shutter 28A is closed to partition the first machining space 10A and the tool exchange space 10C (S101). Next, by the rotation indexing of the first turret device 5, the corresponding one of the plurality of turret tools Ta attached to the turret 15 is positioned at the machining position on the circumference, and the chuck mechanism 11 of the first work spindle device 3 is positioned. The work W gripped by the turret tool Ta is machined (S102).

Next, the spindle head tool Tb is replaced in preparation for subsequent machining by the tool spindle device 2 . For this purpose, the separation shutter 28A must be closed, and open/close determination is made based on the signal of the detection switch provided on the air cylinder (S103). If the separation shutter 28A is closed (S103: YES), the spindle head tool Tb is replaced with respect to the tool spindle device 2 (S104). In the tool exchange performed by the automatic tool changer 6, the spindle head tool Tb taken out from the tool magazine 31 is lowered by the shift device, and exchange with the spindle head tool Tb mounted on the tool spindle device 2 is performed by the tool changer 35. done by

Conventionally, the tool change command (T code) for the tool spindle device 2 was only for movement for preparation for replacement. are performed continuously. Therefore, even if machining is being performed by the first turret device 5 on the side of the first machining space 10A, tool exchange is performed in parallel in the tool exchange space 10C partitioned by the separation shutter 28A. Then, when the workpiece machining is completed (S105: YES), the separation shutter 28A is opened (S106), and machining is performed by the tool spindle device 2 as shown in FIG. 9 (S107).

By the way, when exchanging tools with respect to the tool spindle device 2, the separation shutter 28A must be closed during machining in order not to be affected by chips or the like. However, if the separation shutter 28A cannot be closed due to a failure or the like (S104: NO), a warning is displayed on the operation panel 110 or the like at the center of the front of the machine body while continuing machining in the first turret device 5 (S111 ). However, the machining by the first turret device 5 continues, and the tool change for the tool spindle device 2 is executed halfway. That is, the tool change command at this time is a tool call command for preparing for change as in the conventional case (S112).

Therefore, in the automatic tool changer 6, the spindle head tool Tb taken out from the tool magazine 31 is lowered by the shift device and stands by at the tool changer 35 ready for replacement. Then, the end of the machining performed in the first machining space 10A side is confirmed (S113). After the machining is completed (S113: YES), tool change is performed based on the tool change command (M code). That is, the spindle head tool Tb waiting outside the machining chamber is exchanged with the spindle head tool Tb mounted on the tool spindle device 2 by the tool changer 35 (S114). After that, as shown in FIG. 9, machining is performed by the tool spindle device 2 (S107).

By the way, in the multi-tasking machine 1, machining may be performed simultaneously with the second workpiece spindle device 4 when the tool spindle device 2 is changed. In such a case, the open/closed state of the separation shutter 28B is also checked, and the tool change for the tool spindle device 2 is performed in step S104 or steps S112 and S114 corresponding to the open/closed state. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the workpiece W held by the second work spindle device 4 may be continuously machined by the second turret device 6 and the tool spindle device 2. Even in such a case, the tool spindle device 2 is similarly carried out.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, when the first or

second turret devices

5 and 6 and the tool spindle device 2 continuously machine a workpiece, one or both of the first and

second turret devices

5 and 6 are used for machining. Even when the

separation shutters

28A and 28B are closed, the tool of the tool spindle device 2 can be changed. Therefore, conventionally, machining by the tool spindle device 2 can be started without waiting for tool replacement after machining by the first or

second turret devices

5 and 6 is completed, thereby shortening the machining time.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, the tool change flowchart shown in FIG. The multi-tasking machine 1 is composed of a symmetrical opposing two-spindle lathe. It may be a multitasking machine such as a lathe.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Multitasking machine 2... Tool spindle device 3... First work spindle device 4... Second work spindle device 5... First turret device 6... Second turret device 8... Automatic tool changer 9... Automatic work transfer device 10A... First machining space 10B Second machining space 10C Tool change space 11 Chuck mechanism 15 Turret 21

Spindle head

28A, 28B Separation shutter 31 Tool magazine 35 Tool changer 50 Control device Ta Turret tool Tb Spindle head tool

Claims

a workpiece spindle device that rotates the workpiece gripped by the chuck mechanism;
a turret device for machining a workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device with a turret tool indexed for turning from among a plurality of turret tools;
a tool spindle device for machining a workpiece gripped by the work spindle device by rotating an exchangeable spindle head tool;
an automatic tool changer for exchanging the spindle head tool with respect to the tool spindle device;
an openable/closable separation shutter provided between the turret device and the tool spindle device;
a control device that controls driving of each device and the separation shutter;
has
When the separation shutter is closed in a machining process in which the workpiece gripped by the workpiece spindle device is continuously machined by the turret device and the tool spindle device, the control device controls the machining of the workpiece by the turret device. A multi-tasking machine that causes the automatic tool changer to change the spindle head tool of the tool spindle device in parallel with machining.
According to the detection result of the opening/closing state of the separation shutter, the control device instructs the automatic tool changer to replace the spindle head tool with the turret device when it is confirmed that the separation shutter is closed. If it cannot be confirmed that the separation shutter is closed, the spindle head tool is made to stand by at a position before replacement, and after the machining of the workpiece by the turret device is completed, the spindle 2. The multitasking machine according to claim 1, wherein the head tool is exchanged.
The work spindle device and the turret device have an opposing two-shaft structure comprising a first work spindle device and a second work spindle device, a first turret device and a second turret device, with the tool spindle device disposed therebetween, Two separation shutters are arranged on both sides in the width direction of the tool spindle device to separate the first turret device and the second turret device,
The control device performs continuous machining on the workpiece gripped by the first or second work spindle device by the corresponding first or second turret device and the tool spindle device. 3. The multi-tasking machine according to claim 1, wherein the open/closed state of the separation shutter is detected, and the spindle head tool of the tool spindle device is replaced by the automatic tool changer.