WO2012056837A1

WO2012056837A1 - Machine tool system

Info

Publication number: WO2012056837A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/071998
Authority: WO
Inventors: 伊藤俊逸
Original assignee: 村田機械株式会社
Priority date: 2010-10-26
Filing date: 2011-09-27
Publication date: 2012-05-03
Also published as: JP2012091257A

Abstract

A machine tool system is provided with a machine tool main body (1), a chuck exchange device (3), and a reverse/loader device (5). The machine tool main body (1) has a spindle (11), and a chuck (27) that holds a work is attachable to and detachable from the tip end of the spindle (11). The chuck exchange device (3) has a plurality of chuck holding units (30A, 30B), the positions of which can be changed to a spindle opposed position and a work attachment/detachment position, and the chucks (27) are exchanged between the chuck holding unit (30A) on the spindle opposed position and the spindle (11). The reverse/loader device (5) extracts the work from the chuck (27) held by the chuck holding unit (30B) on the work attachment/detachment position, reverses the work, and returns the work to the chuck (27) held by the chuck holding unit (30B) on the work attachment/detachment position.

Description

Machine tool system

Related applications

This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-239615 filed on Oct. 26, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The present invention relates to a machine tool system capable of performing both surface machining and back machining on a single spindle in a machine tool having a spindle that supports a workpiece.

When turning both ends of a workpiece with a machine tool such as a lathe, surface machining is performed by gripping and machining one end of the workpiece with the spindle, and back machining is performed by grasping the other end of the workpiece with the spindle. . Conventionally, the front surface processing and the back surface processing are performed separately by a plurality of machine tools or using a machine tool having a plurality of (for example, two axes) spindles (for example, Patent Document 1).

Also, in conventional lathes that perform only single-sided machining, it takes time to accurately hold the workpiece from the loader device to the spindle, so a chuck changer that automatically replaces the spindle chuck is provided, and machining is being performed on the spindle. In addition, when a workpiece is exchanged with respect to a chuck at a standby position and machining on the spindle is completed, a chuck that holds the workpiece is replaced with a new workpiece with respect to the spindle (for example, Patent Documents). 2).

JP 2007-229893 A JP 2009-220207 A

Normally, there is a difference in the time required for machining between front and back machining, so when machining with multiple machine tools or machine tools with multiple spindles as in the conventional case, one machine tool or spindle takes a long time. During the machining that requires one, the other machine tool or spindle is finished early and a waiting time is generated. In addition, installing a plurality of machine tools increases the equipment cost and requires a large installation space. Machine tools with multiple spindles are also more expensive than single-axis machine tools because of the more complex spindles, and one spindle is not used when machining only one side. However, there is a concern that the use efficiency will decrease. The chuck exchanging device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a device that shortens the time required for exchanging the workpiece with respect to the spindle, and does not contribute to the front / back processing of the workpiece.

An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool system that can efficiently perform front and back processing of a workpiece, can keep equipment costs low, and can be installed in a small space.

A machine tool system according to the present invention includes a machine tool main body having a spindle and a chuck for gripping a workpiece at the tip of the spindle, and a plurality of chuck holding portions capable of holding the chuck in a state of gripping the workpiece. A chuck exchanging device that can switch the position of the plurality of chuck holding portions to a main shaft facing position and a workpiece attaching / detaching position, and to move the chuck between the chuck holding portion and the main shaft at the main shaft facing position; A reversing / loader device that takes out the work from the chuck held by the chuck holding part at the work attaching / detaching position, reverses the work, and returns it to the chuck held by the chuck holding part at the work attaching / detaching position. With.

The machine tool system having this configuration performs, for example, the following series of operations.
With the chuck mounted on the main spindle of the machine tool body, surface machining is performed on the workpiece gripped by the chuck. After the surface processing is completed, the chuck that holds the workpiece is transferred to the chuck holder at the position opposite to the spindle by the chuck changer. The chuck exchanging device switches the position of the chuck holding unit holding the chuck to the workpiece attaching / detaching position. The work is taken out from the chuck held by the chuck holding part located at the work attaching / detaching position by the reversing / loader device, the front and back of the work are reversed, and then returned to the chuck of the chuck holding part located at the work attaching / detaching position. The chuck holding device switches the position of the chuck holding portion from the workpiece attaching / detaching position to the main shaft facing position, and is transferred from the chuck holding portion to the main shaft. As a result, the surface-finished workpiece is gripped by the chuck mounted on the spindle. The machine tool body performs back machining on the surface-finished workpiece. By operating in this way, the front and back of the workpiece can be processed.

When processing multiple workpieces continuously, the workpiece is turned upside down with a reversing / loader device while the workpiece is being processed on the front or back side of the machine tool body, or the workpiece is loaded into or removed from the machine tool body. By performing the above, it is possible to suppress the waiting time of the machine tool body. Further, since the entire chuck holding the workpiece with respect to the spindle is replaced, the workpiece can be replaced in a shorter time than when the workpiece is replaced with respect to the chuck fixed to the spindle. For these reasons, when performing workpiece front and back machining on one spindle in the machine tool body, productivity is high and operation efficiency is good. Moreover, since the front and back of the workpiece can be processed using only one single-axis machine tool main body, the equipment cost can be kept low and the installation can be performed in a small space.

In this invention, the chuck exchanging device includes a turning member capable of turning around a turning axis parallel to the main axis of the machine tool body, and a slide guide frame for supporting the turning member slidably in a direction perpendicular to the turning axis. The plurality of chuck holding portions are respectively provided on the revolving member, and can be switched between the main shaft facing position and the workpiece attaching / detaching position by revolving and sliding the revolving member. It's okay. According to this configuration, the main shaft facing position and the workpiece attaching / detaching position can be switched with a simple structure and in a space-saving manner.

The reversing / loader device includes a work reversing device for reversing the front and back of the work, an operation of taking out a work from a chuck held by a chuck holding portion at the work detaching position, and passing the work to the work reversing device, and the work reversing device And a loader device that performs an operation of receiving the workpiece reversed by the above and returning it to the chuck held by the chuck holding portion at the workpiece attaching / detaching position. If the reversing / loader device is divided into the work reversing device and the loader device, the work reversing device and the loader device can perform different operations at the same time. It can be reversed and no special equipment is required.

In the present invention, the loader device has two loader chucks having a posture facing the main shaft and a posture facing the work reversing device, and the two loader chuck chucks are inclined with respect to the two postures. It may be configured so as to be rotatable about an axis, and the two postures can be switched by rotating around the axis. According to this configuration, the workpiece can be exchanged between the spindle and the workpiece reversing device with a simple structure and space-saving.

Alternatively, the reversing / loader device includes a traveling body that travels along the rail, a lifting body that can be moved up and down on the traveling body, and a loader chuck that is provided at a lower end of the lifting body and grips a workpiece. The loader head and a reversing mechanism for reversing the loader head by 180 ° may be provided, and the loader head reversing mechanism may be used to turn the work upside down. According to this configuration, since the work reversing function is added to the loader head itself for transporting the work, it becomes a special device, but it is not necessary to separately provide a work reversing device, and the configuration is simplified. .

Any combination of at least two configurations disclosed in the claims and / or the specification and / or drawings is included in the present invention. In particular, any combination of two or more of each claim in the claims is included in the present invention.

The present invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments and drawings are for illustration and description only and should not be used to define the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. In the accompanying drawings, the same part number in a plurality of drawings indicates the same part.
1 is a front view of a machine tool system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a right view of the machine tool system. It is a left view of the machine tool system. (A) is the left side view before the chuck | zipper coupling | bonding part and chuck | zipper coupling | bonding of the spindle of the machine tool system, (B) is the left side view after coupling | bonding. It is a top view of the chuck | zipper exchange apparatus of the machine tool system. It is a front view of the principal part of the chuck | zipper exchange apparatus. (A), (B) is a top view which shows each different state of the workpiece | work reversing apparatus of the machine tool system. (A)-(K) are operation | movement explanatory drawings of the machine tool system. (A) The front view of the inversion and loader apparatus of the machine tool system concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (B) is the side view.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the machine tool system includes a machine tool body 1, a chuck exchanging device 3, a reversing / loader device 5, and a system control device 8 (FIG. 1).

The machine tool main body 1 is a spindle moving type single-axis lathe, and supports a headstock 12 that supports a spindle 11 provided on a bed 10 with an axis centered in the front-rear direction (Z-axis direction), and a tool 13. A tool post 14 is installed. The main shaft 11 is rotationally driven by a rotational drive source 15.

The headstock 12 is movable left and right (X-axis direction) and front and rear (Z-axis direction). Specifically, a left / right moving table 17 is provided so as to be movable along a left / right direction guide 16 installed on the bed 10, and a headstock 12 is provided so as to be movable along a front / rear moving guide 18 installed on the left / right moving table 17. Yes. The left / right moving table 17 is moved left and right by the left / right moving mechanism 20. The left / right moving mechanism 20 includes a left / right moving drive source 20a such as a servo motor installed on the bed 10 and a feed screw mechanism (not shown) that converts the rotation output into a linear motion. Further, the head stock 12 is moved back and forth by the back and forth moving mechanism 21. The front-rear moving mechanism 21 includes a front-rear moving drive source 21a such as a servo motor installed on the left-right moving table 17, and a feed screw mechanism (not shown) that converts the rotation output into a linear operation.

The tool post 14 is of a turret type and is installed on a tool post support 23 fixed on the bed 10 so as to be rotatable around a rotation center axis extending in the left-right direction. A plurality of tool holders 14a are arranged on the surface of the tool rest 14 facing the headstock 12 side, and the tools 13 are mounted on the tool holders 14a, respectively. An arbitrary tool 13 is indexed to the machining position by rotating the tool rest 14 by an indexing motor 24 provided on the tool rest supporting base 23. FIG. 1 shows only the tool holder 14a and the tool 13 at the machining position. In addition to the indexing motor 24, the tool post support 23 is provided with a rotary tool motor 25 for rotating a rotary tool such as a drill.

As shown in FIG. 4 (A), a chuck coupling portion 28 to which the chuck 27 can be attached and detached is provided at the tip of the main shaft 11. The chuck 27 has a plurality of chuck claws 27a, and these chuck claws 27a are displaced in the radial direction to open and close to grip and release the workpiece W. The chuck claw 27a is biased to the closing side by a closing operation mechanism 27b using a spring member provided in the chuck 27, and is moved toward the main shaft 11 by a chuck opening mechanism 29 such as an advancing / retreating shaft provided in the main shaft 11. The chuck opening operation is performed in the mounted state. Therefore, in a state where the chuck 27 is detached from the main shaft 11, the chuck 27 maintains a state where the workpiece is gripped. Note that the chuck 27 may incorporate an open / close drive source (not shown).

The chuck coupling portion 28 includes a plurality of fixed claws 28a provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a fixed claw opening / closing drive source 28b including a solenoid for operating the fixed claws 28a, and the chuck 27 in a concentric position with the spindle 11. A positioning recess 28c for positioning. The chuck 27 is formed with a notch portion 27c into which the fixed claw 28a is fitted and a positioning convex portion 27d aligned with the positioning concave portion 28c.

4A, the spindle 11 is moved forward, the positioning convex portion 27d of the chuck 27 is fitted into the positioning concave portion 28c, and in this state, each fixed claw 28a is closed and operated by the fixed claw opening / closing drive source 28b. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, each fixing claw 28a fits into the notch 27c of the chuck 27, and the chuck 27 is coupled to the chuck coupling unit 28 so that it cannot be rotated. Further, in a state where the chuck 27 is coupled to the chuck coupling portion 28, the chuck opening mechanism 29 is operated to release the urging force to the closing side by the closing operation mechanism 27b, whereby the chuck pawl 27a is opened and the workpiece W is moved. To be released.

As shown in FIG. 5, the chuck exchanging device 3 has two chuck holding portions 30 A and 30 B that can hold the chuck 27. These two

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B are provided at both ends of a turning member 32 that can turn around a turning shaft 31 parallel to the main shaft 11 of the machine tool body 1, and are driven by a turning drive source 43 described later. By rotating 32 by 180 degrees, the position can be switched between the main shaft facing position P1 and the workpiece attaching / detaching position P2. The main shaft facing position P1 is a position facing the main shaft 11, and the workpiece attaching / detaching position P2 is a position deviating from the main shaft 11 to the side (left side in this embodiment).

The

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B have a structure shown in FIG. Since both the

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B have the same structure, the chuck holding portion 30A will be described as a representative. The chuck holding unit 30 A includes a gripping tool 34 that can grip the chuck 27. The gripping tool 34 includes a pair of gripping members 35, and grips the chuck 27 by an arcuate portion 35 a of each gripping member 35 protruding from the tip of the turning member 32. Each gripping member 35 is formed with a base 35b from one end of the arcuate portion 35a toward the inside of the turning member 32, and in the vicinity of the boundary between the arcuate portion 35a and the base 35b, a turning member 32 is provided by a pin 37. Is pivotally attached to the. The gripper 34 is opened and closed by operating the bases 35b of the gripping members 35 in the directions approaching and separating from each other by the gripper opening / closing mechanism 38. The gripper opening / closing mechanism 38 is known and is driven by a gripper opening drive source 40.

As shown in FIG. 5, the turning member 32 is turnably supported by a turning support member 42 whose axis coincides with the turning shaft 31, and is turned by a turning drive source 43 such as an electric motor provided on the turning member 32. Is done. Further, the turning support member 42 is supported by the slide base 46 through

support members

44 and 45 and the like. The slide table 46 is slidably provided along a slide rail 47 extending in the left-right direction (the arrow direction in FIG. 5), which is a direction orthogonal to the pivot axis 31, and is driven by a slide drive source 48 including a fluid pressure cylinder. It can slide left and right. That is, the portion from the slide base 46 to the turning member 32 is a slide portion 3a that can slide to the left and right. The slide rail 47 and the slide drive source 48 are provided on a slide guide frame 49 installed on a frame 10a (FIGS. 1 and 3) that protrudes leftward from the bed 10 of the machine tool main body 1.

The turning drive source 43 may be provided separately from the turning member 32 instead of being provided on the turning member 32 as shown. For example, a turning drive source (not shown) can be provided in the slide guide frame 49. In that case, a rotation transmission shaft (not shown) for transmitting rotation to the turning member 32 is provided on the turning shaft 31, and a belt transmission composed of a pair of sprockets and a timing belt from the output shaft of the turning drive source to the rotation transmission shaft. The rotation may be transmitted by a mechanism (not shown).

When the slide part 3a of the chuck exchanging device 3 slides left and right, the positions of the two

chuck holding parts

30A and 30B are displaced right and left. When the slide part 3a is at the right end of the slidable range, the main shaft facing position and the workpiece attaching / detaching position are P1 and P2, and when the sliding portion 3a is at the left end, the main shaft facing position and the workpiece attaching / detaching position are P1 'and P2'. Accordingly, the chuck holding portion 30A (or 30B) actually faces the main shaft 11 when the chuck holding portion 30A (30B) is located at the main shaft facing position P1. As will be described later, the workpiece is detached from the chuck holding portion 30B (or 30A) when the chuck holding portion 30B (30A) is located at the workpiece removal position P2 ′.

1 to 3, the reversing / loader device 5 is composed of a work reversing device 50 and a loader device 60 in this embodiment. The work reversing device 50 is a device for reversing the front and back of the work, and is disposed above the main shaft 21 with a housing 50a supported by a frame (not shown). The work reversing device 50 has two reversing

chucks

51A and 51B arranged side by side. The reversing

chucks

51A and 51B have a plurality of chuck claws 51a, and grip and release the workpiece by opening and closing the chuck claws 51a in the radial direction.

As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, each of the reversing

chucks

51A and 51B is rotatable about a rotation center axis 52 along the vertical direction, and the posture switching drive source 53 such as a fluid pressure cylinder is provided. By driving, the posture can be switched between a forward posture (FIG. 7A) and a posture facing each other (FIG. 7B). The right reversing chuck 51A is movably provided along the left-right direction guide 54, and is moved left and right by driving a left-right moving drive source 55 such as a fluid pressure cylinder.

1 to 3, the loader device 60 includes a material supply unit and a product carry-out unit (not shown) installed on the left and right sides of the machine tool body 1, the spindle 11 of the machine tool body 1, and a workpiece reversing device 50. Is a device for delivering the workpiece W between the two. The loader device 60 of this embodiment is of a gantry type, and includes a traveling body 62 traveling on the installation rail 61, a forward / backward moving base 63 that can move forward and backward with respect to the traveling body 62, and a forward / backward moving base 63. A vertically movable guide 64 that is fixed to the top and bottom, a vertically movable body 65 that is movable up and down along the vertical guide 64, and the loader head 66 that is provided at the lower end of the vertically movable body 65 so as to be movable forward and backward. . The traveling body 62, the forward / backward moving / retracting base 63, and the lifting / lowering body 65 are driven and operated by a traveling driving source 67, an advancing / retreating driving source 68, and a lifting / lowering driving source 69, respectively. Each of these

drive sources

67, 68, 69 is, for example, a servo motor.

The loader head 66 has two loader chucks 70A and 70B having a downward posture (a posture toward the main shaft 11) and a lateral posture (a posture toward the workpiece reversing device 50) at the lower end. These two loader chuck chucks 70A and 70B are installed in a rotating part 66b that is rotatable around the tilt axis 71 with respect to the fixed part 66a of the loader head 66, and by rotating the rotating part 66b by 180 °. , Mutual postures are switched. The rotating unit 66b is rotated by a posture switching drive source 72 such as an electric motor. Each

loader chuck

70A, 70B has a plurality of chuck claws 70a, and these chuck claws 70a are displaced in the radial direction to open and close to grip and release the workpiece.

This machine tool system is controlled by the system controller 8. The system control device 8 is a computer-type control device, and includes a machine tool main body control means 81 for controlling the machine tool main body 1, a chuck exchange device control means 82 for controlling the chuck exchange device 3, and a reversing / loader device 5. And a reversing / loader device control means 83 for controlling. The reversing / loader device control means 83 is divided into a work reversing control unit 84 and a loader control unit 85.

The machine tool main body control means 81 includes a numerical controller, a programmable controller, and the like, and controls the machine tool main body 1 by executing a machining program 81a with the arithmetic control unit 81b. The chuck exchange device control means 82 controls the chuck exchange device 3 by executing the chuck exchange program 82a in the arithmetic control unit 82b. The work reversal control unit 84 of the reversing / loader device control means 83 controls the work reversing device 50 by executing the work reversing program 84a by the arithmetic control unit 84b. The loader control unit 85 of the inversion / loader device control means 83 controls the loader device 60 by executing the loader program 85a with the arithmetic control unit 85b.

In the illustrated example, the machine tool main body control means 81, the chuck exchange device control means 82, and the work reversal control unit 84 of the reversing / loader device control means 83 are shown separately. The chuck replacement device control means 82 and the work reversal control unit 84 of the reversing / loader device control means 83 may be constituted by a single machine tool control device. Further, the machining program 81a, the chuck replacement program 82a, and the workpiece reversing program 84a may be a single machining program.

An example of the operation of the machine tool system configured as described above will be described.
(1) The loader head 66 of the loader device 60 moves to the material supply unit, and grips the material workpiece in the material supply unit by a loader chuck (assumed to be 70A) in a downward posture. The loader head 66 moves to a position facing the main shaft 11 of the machine tool main body 1. During this time, the loader chucks 70A and 70B are changed in posture so that the loader chuck 70A holding the material workpiece is in the horizontal posture.

(2) An empty chuck 27 that does not hold a workpiece is attached to the chuck coupling portion 28 of the spindle 11. Further, the slide portion 3a of the workpiece changer 3 is retracted to the left end of the slidable range. In this state, the loader chuck 70A is advanced toward the main shaft 11, and when the leading end of the workpiece is inserted inside each chuck claw 27a of the chuck 27, the chuck claw 27a of the chuck 27 is closed and the chuck of the loader chuck 70A is closed. The chuck 27 receives the workpiece by opening the claw 70a. When the chuck 27 receives the material workpiece, the machine tool main body 1 moves the headstock 12 back and forth and right and left while rotating the spindle 11 to process one end side of the material workpiece. By this surface processing, the material workpiece becomes a surface processed workpiece.

(3) When the surface processing is completed, the slide portion 3a of the chuck changer 3 moves to the right end of the slidable range, and one chuck holding portion (assumed to be 30A) located at the main shaft facing position P1 is used as the main shaft 11. Make them face each other. Next, the headstock 12 moves forward, and the chuck 27 while holding the surface-finished workpiece is transferred from the spindle 11 to the chuck holding portion 30A. The transfer of the chuck 27 is performed by the gripper 34 of the chuck holding portion 30 A gripping the chuck 27 and the fixing claw 28 a of the chuck coupling portion 28 of the main shaft 11 releasing the chuck 27.

(4) When the chuck 27 is transferred to the chuck holding portion 30A, the slide portion 3a of the chuck exchanging device 3 moves to the left end of the slidable range, and further, the turning member 32 is turned by 180 °, and the chuck holding portion 30A, The positions of 30B are mutually converted. Accordingly, the chuck holding portion 30A is located at the workpiece attaching / detaching position P2 ′. Next, the loader head 66 moves to a position facing the chuck holding portion 30A, and the loader chuck 70A of the loader head 66 takes out the surface-finished workpiece from the chuck 27 held by the chuck holding portion 30A. The surface-finished workpiece is taken out by each chuck claw 70a of the loader chuck 70A holding the surface-finished workpiece and each chuck claw 27a of the chuck 27 releasing the surface-finished workpiece.

(5) When the loader chuck 70A takes out the surface-finished workpiece, the loader head 66 moves to a position facing the reversing chuck 51B on the fixed side of the work reversing device 5, and puts the surface-finished workpiece on the reversing chuck 51B. hand over. The surface-finished workpiece is transferred by each chuck claw 51a of the reversing chuck 51B holding the surface-machined workpiece, and each chuck claw 70a of the loader chuck 70A releases the surface-machined workpiece.

(6) When the reversing chuck 51B receives the surface-finished workpiece, the reversing

chucks

51A and 51B are switched to a posture facing each other. As a result, the processed end of the processed workpiece with the unprocessed end held by the fixed-side inversion chuck 51B faces the movable-side inversion chuck 51A. The movable-side reversing chuck 51A moves toward the fixed-side reversing chuck 51B to grip the processed end of the surface processed workpiece. Next, the fixed-side reversing chuck 51B releases the unprocessed end of the surface processed workpiece. Thereafter, the reversing

chucks

51A and 51B are both switched to the forward posture. By the above series of operations, the front and back processed workpieces are reversed.

(7) When the front and back processed workpiece is reversed, the loader head 66 moves to a position facing the reversing chuck 51A on the moving side of the work reversing device 5, and the front processed workpiece is taken out from the reversing chuck 51A. . The removal of the surface processed workpiece is performed by each chuck claw 70a of the loader chuck 70A holding the surface processed workpiece and each chuck claw 51a of the reversing chuck 51A releasing the surface processed workpiece. Then, the loader head 66 moves to a position facing the chuck holding portion 30A of the chuck changing device 3, and the surface-finished workpiece taken out from the reversing chuck 51A is moved to the empty chuck 27 held by the chuck holding portion 30A. hand over. This surface-finished workpiece is transferred by each chuck claw 70a of the loader chuck 70A holding the surface-machined workpiece and each chuck claw 51a of the reversing chuck 51A releasing the surface-machined workpiece.

(8) Thereafter, the chuck exchanging device 3 turns the turning member 32 by 180 °, changes the position of the

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B, and moves the slide portion 3a to the right end of the slidable range. As a result, the chuck holding portion 30A holding the chuck 27 is positioned at the main shaft facing position P1. Next, the headstock 12 moves forward, and the chuck 27 is transferred from the chuck holding portion 30 A to the spindle 11. The transfer of the chuck 27 is performed by the fixing claw 28a of the chuck coupling portion 28 of the spindle 11 holding the chuck 27 and the gripping tool 34 of the chuck holding portion 30A releasing the chuck 27. After the transfer of the chuck 27, the slide portion 3a of the chuck replacement device 3 moves to the right end of the slidable range.

(9) When the chuck 27 holding the surface processed workpiece is mounted on the spindle 11, the machine tool body 1 moves the spindle base 12 back and forth and right and left while rotating the spindle 11, so that the processed workpiece is not processed. Reverse the edges. Thereby, the front and back processing of the workpiece is completed. The product work for which the front and back processing has been completed is carried out by the loader device 60 to the product carry-out section.

The above steps (1) to (9) are operations for processing one material workpiece into a product workpiece. Actually, in many cases, a plurality of workpieces are continuously processed. In this case, the chuck changing device 3 and the loader device 60 of the reversing / loader device 5 are operated as follows using two chucks 27.

In the process (2), when the chuck 27 mounted on the chuck coupling portion 28 of the main shaft 11 is holding a processed product workpiece, the loader device 60 causes the loader head 66 to use an empty loader chuck (temporarily 70B). After the product work is taken out from the chuck 27, the material work gripped by the loader chuck 70A is transferred to the chuck 27. Then, while the machine tool main body 1 performs surface processing on the material workpiece, the loader device 60 carries the product workpiece to the product carry-out portion and carries the material workpiece from the material supply portion.

When one chuck 27 is mounted on the main shaft 11, the other chuck 27 is held by one of the

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B of the chuck changing device 3. For example, suppose that it is hold | maintained at the chuck | zipper holding | maintenance part 30B. When the surface processing of the material workpiece by the machine tool main body 1 is completed, the chuck 27 holding the surface processed workpiece is moved from the spindle 11 to the empty chuck holding portion 30A, and then the position of the

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B is changed. After that, the chuck 27 held by the chuck holding portion 30B is mounted on the main shaft 11. On the chuck 27, the workpiece that has been processed for the previous time is gripped with the front and back being reversed. Processes (5) to (7), which are front / back reversal operations, are performed while the machine tool main body 1 performs surface machining on the workpiece, or while performing surface machining on the workpiece that has been machined. Is called.

In this way, by using the two chucks 27, the chuck 27 that holds the surface-finished workpiece is transferred between the main shaft 11 and the chuck holding portions 30 A and 30 B of the chuck changer 3. However, after the front surface processing for the workpiece is completed, the back surface processing for the surface processed workpiece can be performed immediately. Therefore, there is no waiting time of the machine tool body 1, and the operation rate of the entire machine tool system is high.

Further, the reversing / loader device 5 of this embodiment is divided into a work reversing device 50 and a loader device 60, and the work reversing device 50 and the loader device 60 can simultaneously perform different operations. Therefore, work efficiency can be improved.

Next, different operation examples of the machine tool system will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a circle indicating “chuck” 27 indicating “empty” represents a chuck 27 that does not hold a workpiece, and a symbol indicating “elemental” holds a workpiece. The chuck 27 is displayed with “front” indicating the chuck 27 that is gripping the processed workpiece, and the one with “made” is the product workpiece that has been processed on the front and back. The chuck 27 is grasped. Further, “table” and “empty” displayed in a circle indicating the workpiece reversing device 50 indicate a state where the workpiece reversing device 50 has a surface processed workpiece and a state where there is no workpiece, respectively. 8A to 8K, the sliding operation on the sliding portion 3a of the chuck exchanging device 3 is ignored.

FIG. 8 (A) shows a state in which the processing of the front and back of a certain workpiece has been completed. At this time, the material workpiece is supplied to the chuck 27 of the chuck holding portion 30B located at the workpiece attaching / detaching position P2. From the state shown in FIG. 8A, the chuck 27 mounted on the spindle 11 is transferred to the chuck holding portion 30A located at the spindle opposing position P1 while holding the product workpiece (FIG. 8B). Next, the positions of the

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B are switched (FIG. 3C). Then, the chuck 27 of the chuck holding portion 30B that has come to the main shaft facing position P1 is transferred to the main shaft 11 ((D) in the figure). Surface processing is started on the material workpiece held by the chuck 27. Further, the product workpiece is taken out from the chuck 27 of the chuck holding portion 30A which has come to the workpiece attaching / detaching position P2, and is carried out to the product carrying-out portion ((E) in the figure).

The workpiece that has been turned upside down is transferred from the workpiece reversing device 50 to the chuck 27 of the chuck holder 30A that has become empty (FIG. (F)). The surface machining of the workpiece on the spindle 11 is completed, and the chuck 27 that grips the workpiece that has been machined is transferred from the spindle 11 to the chuck holding portion 30B located at the spindle facing position P1 ((G) in the figure). Next, the positions of the

chuck holding portions

30A and 30B are switched (FIG. 5H). The chuck 27 of the chuck holding portion 30A that has come to the main shaft facing position P1 is transferred to the main shaft 11 ((I) in the figure). The chuck 27 holds a workpiece that has been turned upside down. Then, the back machining is started for the surface processed workpiece. Further, the surface-finished workpiece gripped by the chuck 27 of the chuck holding portion 30B that has come to the workpiece attaching / detaching position P2 is transferred to the workpiece reversing device 50 ((J) in the figure). The work reversing device 50 reverses the front and back workpieces.

The material workpiece is carried from the material supply unit to the chuck 27 of the chuck holding unit 30B that has become empty ((K) in the figure). When the back machining of the workpiece on the spindle 11 is completed, the state returns to the state shown in FIG.

By operating the machine tool system as described above, the machine tool main body 1 can perform the back machining on the surface-finished workpiece immediately after the surface machining on the material workpiece is completed. In the case of this operation example, the workpiece is attached to and detached from the chuck 27 in a state of being detached from the spindle 11. The attachment / detachment of the workpiece to / from the chuck 27 needs to be performed slowly over time in order to accurately seat the workpiece. For this reason, if the workpiece is attached to and detached from the chuck 27 outside the main spindle 11, the operating time of the machine tool body 1 can be further increased. The chuck 27 can be attached to and detached from the spindle 11 in a shorter time than the work to be attached to and detached from the chuck 27.

In the case of this embodiment, the machine tool main body 1 has one axis, and the structure is simpler than a multi-axis machine tool main body (not shown), so that the equipment cost can be kept low. In addition, a single-axis machine tool body is more compact than a multi-axis machine tool body and can be installed in a small space. The present invention can also be applied to a machine tool main body 1 having a plurality of spindles. In this case, the front surface processing and the back surface processing of the workpiece are performed on at least one spindle.

FIGS. 9A and 9B show a second embodiment of the inversion / loader device 5. Similar to the loader device 60 of the first embodiment, the reversing / loader device 5 of the second embodiment has a traveling body 62 that travels on the installation rail 61 and a front and rear that can freely move forward and backward with respect to the traveling body 62. An advancing / retreating base 63, a vertically moving guide 64 fixed to the front / rear moving base 63, a lifting / lowering body 65 that can be lifted / lowered along the lifting / lowering guide 64, and a lower end of the lifting / lowering body 65 so as to be movable back and forth. The loader head 66 is provided. The difference from the loader device 60 of the first embodiment is that a reversing mechanism 74 allows the loader head 66 to be turned 180 ° around the vertical axis with respect to the lifting body 65. The lifting body 65 may be reversible with respect to the lifting guide 64. In addition, the loader head 66 includes a loader chuck 75 that holds a workpiece W in a horizontal posture at the lower end. The loader chuck 75 has a configuration in which a pair of arc-shaped gripping members 75a grips and grips the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the workpiece W.

According to the reversing / loader device 5 of this configuration, the work W can be reversed upside down by reversing the elevating body 65 by 180 ° around the vertical axis while the work W is gripped by the loader chuck 75. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the work reversing device 50 in the first embodiment, and the configuration of the reversing / loader device 5 can be simplified.

As described above, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, but various additions, modifications, or deletions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, such a thing is also included in the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool main body 3 Chuck exchange device 5 Inversion / loader device 8 System control device 11 Main shaft 27

Chuck

30A, 30B Chuck holding part 32 Rotating member 49 Slide guide frame 50 Work reversing device 60 Loader device 62 Loader head 61 Installation rail 62 Running body 65 Lifting

bodies

70A, 70B Loader chucks P1, P1 ′ Main shaft facing position P2, P2 ′ Workpiece removal position W Workpiece

Claims

A machine tool body having a spindle and a chuck for gripping a workpiece at the tip of the spindle;
A plurality of chuck holding portions that can hold the chuck in a state of gripping a workpiece, and the position of the plurality of chuck holding portions can be switched between a main shaft facing position and a workpiece attaching / detaching position, and the chuck holding portion at the main shaft facing position. A chuck exchanging device for transferring the chuck between the spindle and the spindle, and
A reversing / loader device that takes out the work from the chuck held by the chuck holding part at the work attaching / detaching position, reverses the work, and returns it to the chuck held by the chuck holding part at the work attaching / detaching position. And machine tool system.
The chuck exchanging device includes a turning member that can turn around a turning axis parallel to a main axis of the machine tool body, and a slide guide frame that slidably supports the turning member in a direction perpendicular to the turning axis. ,
The plurality of chuck holding portions are respectively provided on the turning members,
The machine tool system according to claim 1, wherein the position can be switched between the main shaft facing position and the workpiece attaching / detaching position by turning and sliding the turning member.
The reversing / loader device includes a work reversing device for reversing the front and back of the work, an operation of taking out a work from a chuck held by a chuck holding portion at the work detaching position, and passing the work to the work reversing device, and the work reversing device The machine tool system according to claim 1, further comprising: a loader device that receives the workpiece reversed by the step and returns the workpiece to the chuck held by the chuck holding portion at the workpiece attachment / detachment position.
The loader device has two loader chucks having a posture facing the main shaft and a posture facing the work reversing device, and the two loader chuck chucks are arranged around an axis inclined with respect to the two postures. The machine tool system according to claim 3, wherein the machine tool system is rotatably installed, and the two postures are switched by rotating around the axis.
The inversion / loader device includes a traveling body that travels along a rail, a lifting body that can be moved up and down on the traveling body, and a loader head that is provided at a lower end of the lifting body and grips a workpiece. And a reversing mechanism for reversing the loader head by 180 °, wherein the loader head reversing mechanism performs reversal of the workpiece.