JPH0592302A - Composite machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the automation of operation that retains a tool and a work at a pair of chucking units facing each other and their positioning. CONSTITUTION:A chucking unit 6 is provided at the table 2 of a machining center 1, and a chucking unit of the same structure is provided at the rotary main shaft 4 of the machining center 1. A holder 7 having a work 1, a holder 7 having a rotary tool 12 and a holder 7 having a bite 13 are housed at a holder stocker 14. An automatic exchanger 16 to select a necessary holder 7 out of the holder stocker 15 and transport it to a predetermined chucking unit 6 and make the unit 6 hold the holder 7 is provided. At the time of a holder 7 being furnished, the regulation portion of the holder 7 and the engagement portion of a chucking unit 6 are engaged with each other, and the relative rotation of the holder 7 is prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compound machine tool for performing lathe machining and machining with a rotary tool such as a milling machine by a single device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional machine tool for performing machining with a rotary tool such as milling or boring, and turning for rotating a work piece is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-278748. is there. This conventional machine tool is provided with an automatic tool changing device having a tool magazine and a pallet stocker for accommodating a pallet mounted on a table of a machining center and automatically changing the pallet, and a work machine mounted on a rotary spindle of the machining center. The holder is housed in the tool magazine, and the turning unit having the turning tool is mounted on the pallet of the pallet stocker.

When performing turning with such a machine tool, the turning unit is moved to the table of the machining center and attached, and the holder with the work attached is attached to the rotary spindle of the machining center by the automatic changer. A predetermined cut is made while rotating the rotary spindle and moving the table. On the other hand, when milling is performed, the work holder is attached to the table of the machining center and the rotary tool is attached to the rotary spindle of the machining center.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional machine tool has the functions of both a machining center and a lathe, but after lathe machining (or milling) for one work. When performing milling (or lathe processing), once work from the holder or pallet,
Must be removed. For this reason, a work that requires a lathe machining part and a rotary tool machining part, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, has a high degree of accuracy in parallelism between the lathe central axis 101 and the central axis 103 of the hole 102 formed by a drill or the like. In the case of the work 100 and the like required for the above, there is a problem that the processing portion is displaced during the transfer and the processing cannot be performed with the required accuracy. Further, when this transfer is performed manually, it is necessary to perform work centering after that, which makes the work complicated.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and is a compound machine tool capable of automatically attaching and detaching a work, a tool, etc., and performing continuous machining without the need for a transfer operation. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is to attach a work to one end and have a first holder having a rotation-restricting regulating portion on a wall surface, and to attach a tool to one end. A second holder having a rotation restricting portion on a wall surface, a holder stocker capable of accommodating a plurality of the first and second holders, a rotary spindle of a machining center and a table facing the rotary spindle. Respectively attached, said first holder and second
A pair of chucking units that detachably hold any of the holders, and the chucking units are arranged so as to restrict the relative rotation of the holders with respect to the chucking units by engaging the restricting portions of the holders. An engaging portion,
An automatic exchanging device having a reversing mechanism and carrying and attaching / detaching the first holder and the second holder between the holder stocker and each chucking unit is provided.

[0007]

In the above construction, by mounting the first holder and the second holder on the pair of chucking units provided on the rotary spindle of the machining center and the table, either lathe processing or milling processing can be performed. Then, the other process is performed by reversing the mounting. When mounting the first holder and the second holder, the relative rotation of the holder is restricted because the restriction part of each holder and the engagement part of the chucking unit engage with each other, thereby enabling automatic positioning. It can be carried out.

[0008]

FIG. 1 shows the overall construction of an embodiment of the present invention.
Table 2 having two control axes in the XY directions orthogonal to each other
The machining center 1 is configured by including a spindle head 3 attached to a column 15 provided on the table 2 and having a Z-direction control axis. A rotary spindle 4 hangs down from the spindle head 3, and a chucking unit 6 is provided on the upper surface of the table 2 facing the rotary spindle 4. The rotary spindle 4 is also provided with a chucking unit having the same mechanism as the chucking unit 6, and a pair of chucking units opposed to the chucking unit 6 attaches a holder with a work and a tool. The holder is held.

A holder stocker 14 is attached to the side of the spindle head 3 in the column 15. The holder stocker 14 accommodates the holder 7 to which the work 11, the rotary tool 12, the bite 13 and the like are attached. 2 shows the holder 7 with the bite 13 attached, and FIG. 3 shows the holder 7 with the work 11 attached. In the holder 7 of FIG. 2, the bite 13 is fixed to the bite holder 17 by a clamp screw 18. In the holder 7 of FIG. 3, the work 11 is fixed to the work holder 19 by the set screw 20. Further, each of the holders 7 has a tapered mounting portion 8 and a draw bar 9 connected to the mounting portion 8, and has a groove-shaped restricting portion 22 on its wall surface.
Are formed.

The mounting portion 8 and the drawbar 9 act to attach the holder 7 to the chucking unit 6, and the regulating portion 22 acts to regulate the relative rotation of the holder 7 with respect to the chucking unit 6. is there.

FIG. 4 shows a structure in which the holder 7 with the bite 13 is held by the chucking unit 6 on the side of the table 2, with respect to the holder 7 with the work 11 and the holder 7 with the rotary tool 12. However, the same can be applied. The chucking unit 6 includes a holder mounting portion 5 into which the mounting portion 8 of the holder 7 is inserted, and a lock claw for chucking the drawbar 9 of the holder 7 is provided in the table 2 located below the holder mounting portion 5. A pair of 25 is provided on the left and right.

The lock claw 25 is adapted to rotate about the pin 24 in the opening / closing direction, and a release projection 27 is integrally formed at the lower end thereof. The outer surface of the lock claw 25 has a tapered shape, and is inserted into a lock ring 26 that moves in the vertical direction.

The lock ring 26 has a sliding surface which is an inverse taper to the taper shape of the upper outer surface of the lock claw 25, and is driven along with the shaft bar 23 by the drive of a drive source such as an air cylinder (not shown). Slide on. When the lock ring 26 is located at the upper end of the moving range, the lock claw 25 is closed and the draw bar 9 is chucked by the same claw 25.
The lock projection 25 is brought into contact with the release projection 27 to open the lock claw 25, thereby releasing the chucking of the drawbar 9.

Further, on the upper portion of the chucking unit 6, there is formed a projection-shaped engaging portion 21 which engages with the groove-shaped regulating portion 22 of the holder 7. The engaging portion 21 engages with the regulating portion 22 of the holder 7 so as to regulate the relative rotation of the holder with respect to the chucking unit 6, thereby automatically positioning the holder 7 with respect to the chucking unit 6. You can

The structure of the chucking unit 6 on the table side 2 is similarly applied to the chucking unit on the rotary spindle 4 side. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the engaging portion 21 that engages with the restricting portion 22 of the holder 7 is shown on the rotary spindle 4 side. In FIG. 4, 1
Reference numeral 0 is an air nozzle provided so as to face the chucking unit 6 on the table 2, is connected to a compressed air source (not shown), and a controller (not shown) of the machining center 1 controls a valve of the compressed air source. Air is ejected toward the chucking unit 6.

Further, the column 15 of the machining center 1 is provided with an automatic exchange device 16 as shown in FIG. The automatic exchange device 16 includes a rotary spindle 4 and a holder stocker 1.
4 is provided so as to be located in the middle of the holder 4, and a necessary holder is selected from the holder stocker 14 and taken out, and the holder is conveyed to the chucking unit 6 on the rotary main shaft 4 side or the chucking unit 6 on the table 2 side. The holder 7 is automatically held by the chucking unit.

In order to perform such an operation, the automatic exchange device 16 is provided with a holding arm 16a for holding the holder 7 and a reversing mechanism 16b for reversing the holding arm 16a, as shown in FIGS.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. First, when performing a turning process, the holder 7 to which the work 11 to be processed is attached is selected by a command from the control device of the machining center 1, taken out from the holder stocker 14 by the automatic exchange device 16 and gripped. With the mounting portion 8 facing upward, the holder moves to a position right below the rotary spindle 4, then rises, and is held by the chucking unit of the rotary spindle 4 (see FIG. 5).

Next, the automatic exchange device 16 takes out the holder 7 to which the cutting tool 13 is attached from the holder stocker 14 and grips it, and brings the holder attaching portion 8 down by the reversing mechanism 16b. Then, compressed air is blown from the air nozzle 10 to remove foreign matter such as chips. Next, the table 2 moves and the chucking unit 6 stops immediately below the holder 7. In this state, the holder 7 is lowered and attached to the chucking unit 6 (see FIG. 6). At this time,
Since the engaging portion 21 of the chucking unit 6 and the restricting portion 22 of the holder 7 are engaged with each other, the holder 7 is held in a rotation-restricted state. After that, the automatic exchange device 16 retreats to a predetermined retreat position.

After such a set, the rotary main shaft 4 is turned into a work.
The motor (not shown) rotates at high speed while holding the vibration. On the other hand, the bite 13 mounted on the chucking unit 6 is positioned by the table 2 in XY coordinates at a predetermined cut position. Next, turning is performed by controlling the positioning of the X and Z axes by a predetermined machining shape program.

Next, description will be given of a case where a rotary tool is used, such as a case where an end mill is followed by a groove process after the turning process. The automatic exchange device 16 stores the holder 7 holding the bite 13 in the holder stocker 14 in the reverse order of the above-described mounting, and the holder 7 having the work 11 mounted on the rotary spindle 4 is rotated on the rotary spindle. 4 and inverts it, and attaches it to the chucking unit 6 on the table 2 side in the same procedure as when attaching the holder 7 of the cutting tool 13 described above. Further, the holder 7 having the rotary tool 12 is taken out from the holder stocker 14 and attached to the rotary spindle 4. After this state, it is possible to perform processing that is no different from normal milling and the like.

In the present embodiment as described above, turning and rotary machining can be performed by a single device, but the automatic changer 16 is necessary for both chucking units of the rotary spindle 4 and the table 2. Since the holder 7 is attached and detached, the holder exchange can be automated. Further, when the holder 7 is attached, the relative rotation of the holder with respect to the chucking unit is prevented by the engagement of the restricting portion 21 and the engaging portion 22, and the positioning is performed, so that accurate positioning can be performed.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but various modifications can be made. For example, it is not necessary to install the chucking unit 6 on the table 2, and the chucking unit 6 may be installed inside the table 2 as long as the holder 7 has an opening allowing automatic replacement on the upper surface of the table 2. By doing so, since the table surface has no irregularities and a large work that cannot be attached to the holder 7 can be fixed on the table 2, processing other than turning can be performed.

Further, although the machining center 1 is controlled by three axes, it may have B and C axes (rotational and inclined indexing axes), which allows complicated turning of the electrodes of an electric discharge machine. The shape having the processing element can be accurately processed in a short time. Further, the shape of the mounting portion 8 of the holder 7 is not limited to the taper shape as shown in the drawing, and further, the holding mechanism of each chucking unit of the chucking unit and the rotary main shaft does not need to be the same. It suffices if the holder attachment portion has a structure corresponding to both holding mechanisms.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, the lathe processing and the rotary processing can be performed by a single device, but since the attachment and detachment of the tool and the work are performed by the automatic exchanging device, unmanned operation can be performed. At the same time, since the tool and the work are automatically positioned, the work such as the centering is unnecessary, and the processing can be performed with high accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a holder having a cutting tool.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a holder having a work.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing a holding mechanism in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the operation.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing the operation.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view showing a working example of the work.

FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machining Center 2 Table 4 Rotating Spindle 6 Chucking Unit 7 Holder 21 Restriction Part 22 Engagement Part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first holder having a work attached to one end and having a rotation restricting restricting portion on a wall surface, and a second holder having a tool attached to one end and having a rotation restricting restricting portion on the wall surface. A holder stocker capable of accommodating a plurality of the first and second holders, a rotary main shaft of a machining center and a table facing the rotary main shaft.
Pair of chucking units that detachably holds both the holder and the second holder, and each chucking so as to restrict the relative rotation of each holder with respect to each chucking unit by engaging the restriction portion of the holder. And an automatic exchange device having an inversion mechanism, which has a reversing mechanism, and which conveys and detaches the first holder and the second holder between the holder stocker and each chucking unit. A compound machine tool that is characterized by