JP2678856B2 - Tool mounting device for compound machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool mounting device for a compound machine tool having a fixed tool mounting shaft in addition to a rotary tool spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a compound machine tool with an ATC capable of machining with a rotary tool such as a drill or milling machine and turning with a turning tool has a rotary tool and a cutting tool attached to one spindle, and a turning tool attached. At times, there are a method in which the rotation of the main spindle is blocked to perform turning, and a method in which the rotary tool main spindle and the turning tool mounting shaft are separated. The former has the advantage that both automatic tools can be changed with the conventional ATC, but a powerful rotation blocking mechanism that can withstand the cutting force and measures to prevent the cutting force applied during stopping from adversely affecting the bearings. It is rarely used because it requires JP-A-62-25973 for the latter
There is a compound machine tool known as No. 5 that has both a spindle for rotary tools and a mounting axis for turning tools.

As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, this is provided with a saddle 102 movably in the X-axis direction on a bed 101, and a ram 103 movably in the Y-axis direction on the saddle 102. A spindle ram 104 is provided at the tip end so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction.
5 and the turning tool mounting shaft 106 are provided in parallel and vertically, and the turning tool ATC 107 and the rotating tool ATC 108 are provided on both sides of the bed 101. As shown in FIG. 10 , a tool mounting device for a compound machine tool in which a turning tool and a rotary tool are separately mounted generally uses a turning tool 109 having a taper shank 109a as shown in FIG. Tool pull rod 1 by spring 110
A clamping mechanism for pulling up the turning tool via 11 is provided, and the turning unclamping tool is clamped / unclamped by an unclamping hydraulic cylinder 112 provided on the upper part.

[0004]

The technique of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-259735 described in the prior art requires an independent tool clamp / unclamp device for both the rotary tool main shaft and the turning tool mounting shaft. It has a problem that it is complicated and expensive, and further, a separate ATC is required. The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tool mounting device that has a simple tool unclamping mechanism for a fixed tool mounting shaft and can be shared by automatic tool changing devices. It is the one we are trying to provide.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a machine tool mounting apparatus according to the present invention is a machine tool which can be machined by a rotary tool and a fixed tool. The machine tool is fixed near a rotatable spindle. A mounting member is provided in parallel and oriented in the same direction, and a clamp member having a tool pulling rod for removably mounting the fixed tool, which is detachably mounted in a tapered hole of the fixed tool mounting shaft, is provided, and the mounting member is shaken in parallel with the tool pulling rod. An unclamp shaft is provided movably on the opposite side in the axial direction via a moving arm, and a tool with a cam that pushes up the unclamp shaft by turning the main shaft is detachably provided in a taper hole of the main shaft. The unclamping of the fixed tool is carried out by turning the spindle equipped with.

[0006]

[Operation] When the turning tool is mounted on the fixed tool shaft, the tool with cam is always mounted on the main shaft side, and before the turning tool is grasped by the replacement arm and pulled out, the main shaft is swung by a predetermined angle and Push up the unclamp shaft, push down the tool pull rod through the swing arm, open the collet to release the clamp, and strike the head of the pull stud with the tip to slightly push out the turning tool.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. A guide in the X-axis direction is provided on the front side of the bed 1 installed on the floor, and a guide in the Y-axis direction is provided on the rear side, and the table 2 is movably placed on the X-axis guide on the front side. The column 3 is mounted on the rear Y-axis guide so as to be movable and positioned. A rotary table 4 is rotatably mounted on the table 2 in a horizontal plane, and a workpiece is fixed on the rotary table 4 for processing.
The column 3 has a guide in the Z-axis direction on the front surface, a spindle head 5 is movably mounted on the Z-axis guide, and a spindle 6 is rotatably supported by the spindle head 5. The spindle 6 has a through hole, and the tip of this hole has a tapered hole 6a.
A tool pull-up shaft 7 that is formed on the center hole and is constantly urged by a disc spring (not shown) to be pulled up freely is movably inserted. The pull stud Ta of the rotary tool TA is attached to the tip of the tool pull-up shaft 7. A collet 9 is attached which holds it openably and closably.

A turning tool mounting unit 11 is fixed to a lower position on the front surface of the spindle head 5. A turning tool mounting shaft 13 that is parallel to the main shaft 6 and faces the same direction as the main shaft 6 and has a tip (lower end) position higher than the main shaft 6 by ZA is fitted to the frame 12 of the turning tool mounting unit 11. The through hole center hole of the shaft 13 has a tip end formed in a tapered hole 13a having the same shape as the taper hole 6a of the main shaft, and an upper end formed in a large diameter hole for the disc spring 14. And in this center hole, the tool pull rod 15
Is movably inserted in the axial direction, a collet 16 is attached to the tip of the tool pulling rod 15, and a turning tool with a tapered shank T having a pull stud Ta in the tapered hole 13a.
B is detachably attached.

Further, on the frame 12, an unclamp shaft 17 is provided between the turning tool mounting shaft 13 and the main shaft 6, and a tool pulling rod 15 is provided.
It is provided so that it can move in parallel to and opposite to the axial direction.
The unclamp shaft 17 is always urged downward by a spring 20 without permission. A swing arm 18 that abuts the unclamp shaft 17 and the upper end of the tool pulling rod 15 is pivotally supported by a pin 19 on the frame 12 so as to be rotatable. On the other hand, a magazine frame 21 is fixedly attached to the left side surface of the column 3, and a magazine pot 22 for storing a plurality of tools in the magazine frame 21 facing left in the X-axis direction is endlessly connected by a plurality of links, and is not shown in the drawing. A tool magazine 23 for indexing required tools to the replacement position a by the indexing mechanism is attached.

Further, a Y-axis direction guide plate 24 is fixed to the magazine frame 21, and the carrier 2 is mounted on this guide plate.
5 is movably mounted. Then, the carrier 25 is moved and positioned in the Y-axis direction by the center distance YA between the spindle 6 and the turning tool mounting surface 13 by an actuator (not shown). A tool changing arm unit 26 and a ready station pot 27 are mounted on the carrier 25, respectively. The ready station pot 27 is capable of rotating the pot axis 90 ° leftward in the Y-axis direction and downward in the Z-axis direction, and the tool-changing arm unit 26 has a twin-arm type changing arm 28 that turns downward in the Z- axis direction. It is provided so as to be rotatable around a predetermined angle of 90 ° or less and 180 ° and to be able to move in and out in the direction of the swing axis.

Further, a sub-arm 29 is provided on the magazine frame 21 so that the sub-arm 29 can be swiveled around the swivel axis in the X-axis direction and can be inserted / removed in / from the swivel-axis direction. The tool is exchanged between the magazine pot 22 and the ready station pot 27 on the carrier 25 positioned on the rear side in the Y-axis direction, and the exchange station 28 is used to replace the ready station pot 2 with the ready station pot 2.
Tool exchange between the spindle 7 and the spindle 6 or the turning tool mounting shaft 13 is performed. In the magazine pot 22 of the tool magazine 23, a rotary tool TA, a turning tool TB, a dummy tool TC and a cam-equipped tool TD are stored.
The dummy tool TC is mounted on the turning tool mounting shaft 13 side when the rotary tool TA is mounted on the spindle 6 to prevent chips and the like from being inserted into the taper hole 13a. It is a tool with only a taper shank portion having a V-grooved collar portion so as not to interfere during replacement.

In the cam tool TD, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, an L-shaped cam arm 29 is attached to the end surface of the taper shank portion, and the cam surface 29a is rotated in the turning direction as shown in FIG. When the turning tool TB is attached to the mounting shaft 13, the turning tool TB is always attached to the main shaft 6 side, and when the main shaft 6 turns at a predetermined angle, the cam surface 29a causes the cam follower at the tip of the unclamp shaft 17 to rotate. The unclamp shaft 17 is pushed up by coming into contact with 31 to release the clamp of the tool.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
Now, turning is performed with the turning tool TB mounted on the turning tool mounting shaft 13 and the cam-equipped tool TD mounted on the spindle 6. When the next tool command is output from the NC during turning, the magazine pot 22 having the dummy tool TC
Is indexed to the replacement position a, the dummy tool TC is inserted into the ready station pot 27 by the sub arm 29,
The ready station pot 27 turns 90 degrees and faces downward in the Z-axis direction and stands by. When the tool exchange command is issued from NC after turning, the carrier 25 is positioned to the front side in the Y-axis direction, and at the same time, the spindle head 5 is moved to the upper side in the Z-axis to be positioned to the turning tool exchange position, and then the exchange arm. 28 turns a predetermined angle to turn tool TB and dummy tool TC
Simultaneously grasp.

Next, the main shaft 6 having the tool with cam TD pivots at a predetermined angle, and the cam arm 29 moves from the state of FIG. 4 to the state of FIG.
The cam follower 31 is pushed by the cam surface 29a to push up the unclamp shaft 17, and the tool pulling rod 15 is pushed down against the force of the disc spring 14 via the swing arm 18, and the collet 16 is rotated. Open and pull stud T
a is released, and the head of the pull stud Ta of the turning tool TB is tapped with the tip of the tool pulling rod 15 to slightly push it out. Next, the replacement arm 28 extends in the direction of the turning axis to extract both tools, and the positions of both tools are exchanged by turning 180 °, and the tools are contracted again in the direction of the turning axis so that the dummy tool TC is turned by the turning tool mounting shaft 1.
3 and turning tool TB is ready station pot 2
7 is inserted.

Then, the main shaft 6 pivots in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle, the cam arm 29 pivots from the state of FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 4, the unclamp shaft 17 is lowered by the force of the spring 20, and at the same time, the tool pulling bar 15 is moved. By the force of the disc spring 14, the collet is closed and the collet is closed to grip the pull stud, and the force of the disc spring 14 clamps the dummy tool TC in the tapered hole 13a. Next, after the exchange arm 28 pivots in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle and separates from both tools, and the carrier 25 is positioned on the rear side in the Y-axis direction, the ready station pot 27 pivots 90 ° to the left in the X-axis direction, and the sub-arm 29. Thus, the turning tool TB is returned to the magazine pot 22. Next, the magazine pot 22 having the rotary tool TA is indexed to the exchange position a, the rotary tool TA is inserted into the ready station pot 27 by the sub-arm 29, and turned 90 ° to face downward, during which the spindle head 5 moves in the Z-axis direction. It is positioned at the upper limit rotary tool change position.

Then, the exchanging arm 28 is swung by a predetermined angle, and the cam tool TD of the spindle 6 and the ready station pot 2 are rotated.
The rotary tool TA of 7 is gripped at the same time, and the tool pulling shaft 7 is pushed down against the force of a disc spring (not shown) by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) above the spindle head to release the clamp.
Next, the exchange arm 28 extends in the direction of the turning axis to extract both tools, and after turning 180 °, the tool is contracted again in the direction of the turning axis to insert the rotary tool TA into the spindle 6 and the cam-equipped tool TD into the ready station. Turn in opposite directions and away from both tools. Then, the spindle head 5 moves downward in the Z-axis direction to start the cutting process, and the armed tool TD inserted in the ready station is returned to the magazine pot 22 in the same manner as described above.

[0017]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. A fixed tool mounting shaft is provided in the vicinity of the rotary tool main shaft of the spindle head, and the mounting positions of the fixed tool and the rotary tool are different, so that the spindle head structure is simple and reasonable. Further, since the unclamping of the fixed tool is performed by the rotation of the spindle equipped with the tool with the cam, it is not necessary to have a drive source for unclamping the fixed tool in the spindle head, and the spindle head structure becomes simpler. In addition, the main shaft and the fixed tool mounting shaft are arranged so that the axes are parallel and the tip position has a step in the Z-axis direction, so both tools can be automatically replaced by one replacement arm, which is effective for simplifying the ATC. Is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a compound machine tool according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the spindle and the turning tool mounting unit taken along the line AA of FIG.

4 is a BB line view of FIG. 3. FIG.

5 is a view likewise taken along the line BB in FIG. 3, showing the tool with cam during the unclamping operation. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3 and showing the exchange arm by a virtual line.

FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line CC of FIG. 4, and is an explanatory view of the cam surface of the tool with cam.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a conventional machine tool.

FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view of a conventional turning tool mounting shaft and a clamp / unclamp mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Table 3 Column 4 Rotary Table 5 Spindle Head 6 Spindle 7 Tool Lifting Axis 11 Turning Tool Mounting Unit 13 Turning Tool Mounting Axis 15 Tool Drawbar 17 Unclamping Axis 18 Swing Arm 23 Tool Magazine 29 Cam Arm 29a Cam Surface TA Rotating Tool TB Turning tool TC Dummy tool TD Tool with cam

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. In a compound machine tool capable of machining with a rotary tool and a fixed tool, a fixed tool mounting shaft is provided in parallel and in the same direction in the vicinity of a rotatable main shaft, and a tip tapered hole of the fixed tool mounting shaft is provided. A clamp member having a tool pulling rod that pulls up the fixed tool that is detachably mounted is provided, and an unclamp shaft is provided parallel to the tool pulling rod via an oscillating arm so as to be movable to the opposite side in the axial direction. A tool with a cam that pushes up the unclamp shaft by turning the spindle is detachably provided in the taper hole, and the fixed tool is unclamped by turning the spindle equipped with the cam-equipped tool. Machine tool mounting device.