JP3355213B2 - Automatic lathe - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic lathe,
In the case of having a headstock as well as an opposed headstock, when performing a parting-off process with a parting-off tool while holding the work after the main processing from both sides by the headstock and the opposed headstock, a means for detecting breakage of the parting-off tool is provided. The present invention relates to a device that is improved so that work can be continued without interruption even if a parting-off tool is damaged.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an automatic lathe, one end of a work is gripped by a headstock, and the other end is supported by a guide bush device. As a result, an arbitrary process (main process) is performed on a portion of the guide bush device protruding from the headstock side. When the main machining is completed, the other end of the work is gripped by the opposed headstock. That is, both ends of the work are held by both the headstock side and the opposing headstock side. In this state, the workpiece is subjected to parting-off by a parting-off tool attached to the tool rest. The cut-off work (the part on which the main processing has been performed) is in a state of being gripped by the opposed headstock, and then the back processing (back processing) is performed on the rear side of the work.

Meanwhile, it is conceivable that the parting tool may be damaged during parting-off with the parting-off tool and the parting-off operation may not be performed normally. Therefore, it has been performed to detect whether or not the parting-off process has been normally performed by the parting-off tool, and indirectly detect the breakage of the parting-off tool. For example, there is a detecting means as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a partial front view of the automatic lathe as viewed toward the guide bush device, in which a headstock (not shown) is arranged on the other side of the guide bush device 101, and not shown on the near side of the guide bush device 101. An opposed headstock is arranged. Further, a comb-shaped tool rest 103 is disposed in front of and above the guide bush device 101,
The comb-shaped tool rest 103 is configured to be movable in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. A plurality of cutting tools 105 are detachably attached to the comb-shaped tool rest 103, and another tool 107 is detachably attached to the right side in the figure.

On the left side of the comb-shaped tool rest 103 in the figure, a parting tool breakage detecting means 109 is provided. The parting byte breakage detection unit 109 is intended to swing the sensing arm 111 in the direction of arrow a by the air cylinder mechanism. That is, the cutting tool (the cutting tool 10)
5, when the parting-off process by 105 is completed and the opposing headstock side is retracted, and when the parting-off process is performed normally, the swing trajectory of the detection arm 111 There is no work above. On the other hand, when the parting-off tool 105 is damaged and the parting-off process is not performed normally, a work remains on the swinging orbit of the detection arm 111, and the work is detected through the detection arm 111. Is what you do. As a result, the parting-off process is not performed normally, and it is indirectly determined that the parting-off tool 105 is damaged.

[0005]

According to the above-mentioned conventional configuration, there are the following problems. Parting-off tool breakage detection means 1
The mechanism for detecting the breakage of the parting bit 105 by 09 is as described above. In this case, however, the retreating operation of the opposed headstock side is necessary as described above. If the parting-off operation is not performed normally and the retreating operation on the opposed headstock side is performed, the following problem occurs. First, if the workpiece gripping force of the chuck means of the headstock and the opposing headstock is stronger than the power of the servomotor driving the opposing headstock, the retreating operation of the opposing headstock is impaired, and the servo alarm As a result, the device stops. Therefore,
In this case, the apparatus stops without reaching the damage detection step by the cut-off byte damage detecting means 109, and there is a problem that the cut-off byte damage detection becomes impossible.

Conversely, if the workpiece gripping force of the chuck means of the headstock and the opposing headstock is weaker than the power of the servomotor for driving the opposing headstock, the above-mentioned servo alarm will not occur, so Byte damage detection means 10
9 will be detected. However, there is a problem that the work slides in the chuck means on the headstock side or the opposing headstock side and in the guide bush device 101, thereby damaging them.

[0007] Apart from the above problem, even if the parting-off tool breakage detection is normally performed, the apparatus remains stopped at the time when the breakage of the parting-off tool is detected, and the operator takes the following measures. There was a problem that work could not be resumed without it.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above points, and its object is to surely detect the breakage of a parting byte, and if the breakage of the parting byte is detected, the following is required. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic lathe capable of automatically performing a treatment and restarting the operation.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, an automatic lathe according to claim 1 of the present invention performs main machining while gripping a work on a headstock side, and advances the opposed headstock after the main machining is completed. In the automatic lathe configured to hold the other end of the workpiece and perform parting-off with a parting-off tool and retreat the opposing headstock holding the parted-off work after performing parting-off, When the opposing headstock is retracted, the torque limit value of the opposing headstock feed servomotor can be held by holding the work on the headstock side, and the other end side of the work can be held on the opposing headstock side. To a value that can be held
Te, wherein the opposite headstock feed servo motor to perform the opposite headstock retraction, if not detected load reaches the torque limit value by the backward movement after the backward movement operation, pre-planned machining process Is carried out.

[0010] The automatic lathe according to claim 2 is characterized in that
In the automatic lathe according to the above, a plurality of parting tools are arranged in advance, and when the opposing headstock is retracted after the parting, the torque limit value of the opposing headstock feed servomotor is set at the headstock side. the grips the other end of the workpiece is capable of holding by gripping及<br/> beauty the opposite headstock side
When the load which reaches the torque limit value is detected by the opposing headstock feed servomotor , the opposing headstock feed servomotor performs a retreat operation of the opposing headstock. The operation is stopped, the workpiece is cut off by switching to another parting-off tool, and after the cut-off, the main machining is restarted.

[0011]

First, a torque limit is applied to the opposed headstock feed servomotor when the opposed headstock is retracted after the parting process, and when a load exceeding the torque limit is applied, the breakage of the parting tool is detected as a servo alarm. It is like that. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect the breakage of the cut-off bit without providing a special cut-off bit breakage detecting means as in the related art.

In addition, a plurality of parting tools are mounted in advance, and if the breakage of any parting tool is detected, the operation is continued by switching to another parting tool. Therefore, the device is not left in a stopped state due to breakage of the parting tool, and productivity can be improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
An embodiment will be described. First, a general configuration of an automatic lathe will be described with reference to FIG. There is bed 1, on the beds de 1, the slide board base 3 is fixed. A headstock 5 is attached to the slide base 3 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction (left-right direction in the figure). The feed of the headstock 5 is controlled by a headstock feed servomotor 7. or,
A tool post sliding base 11 is fixed on the bed 1. The first tool rest 13 is provided on the tool rest sliding base 11.
And the second tool post 15 are attached. The first tool rest 13 and the second tool rest 15 are mounted so as to be movable in the X-axis direction (vertical direction in the figure). The first tool post 13 and the second tool post 15 are controlled by a first tool post feed servomotor 17 and a second tool post feed servomotor 19, respectively.

A first turret 21 is provided on the first tool rest 13.
Are mounted so that they can be indexed for rotation.
5 is also provided with a second turret 23 so as to be able to rotate and index. The first turret 21 includes a plurality of blade holders 2.
A plurality of tools 27 are mounted via the five. As the tool 27, there is an arbitrary tool such as a cutting tool, a drill, a tap and a die, and the cutting tool includes a parting tool. A plurality of tools 31 are attached to the second turret 23 via a plurality of blade holders 29.

A guide bush device 33 is provided in front of the headstock 5 (right side in the figure). That is, the work 35 is gripped at one end by the chuck means of the headstock 1 and supported at the other end by the guide bush device 33. In this state, the first tool rest 21 and the second tool rest 23 are held. Various tools 27 attached to
31 allows any processing to be performed. An opposite headstock 37 is provided on the opposite side of the headstock 5 with the guide bush device 33 interposed therebetween. This opposed headstock 37
Is installed on a second slide base 39 installed on the bed 1 and is configured to be movable in the ZB axis direction. The movement of the opposing headstock 37 in the ZB-axis direction is controlled by the opposing headstock feed servomotor 41.

In the case of the automatic lathe having the above configuration, the guide bush device 33 for the work 35 is placed in a state as shown in FIG.
A predetermined process is performed on a portion protruding further rightward in the drawing. Then, when the processing is completed, the opposing headstock 37 is moved to the left side in the figure, and the tip of the work 35 is gripped by the chucking means. That is, the work 35 is in a state where both ends thereof are gripped by both the chuck means of the headstock 5 and the chuck means of the opposed headstock 37. In that state, a parting-off process is performed by a parting-off tool. When the parting-off process is completed, the opposed headstock 37 retreats to the right side in the drawing while holding the cut-off portion of the work 35, and then the back surface processing is performed on the back side of the cut-off portion. .

Next, a description will be given of a structure for detecting whether or not the parting-off operation by the parting-off tool has been normally performed in the automatic lathe having the above-described structure, and furthermore, whether or not the parting-off tool has been damaged. First, the configuration of the control device will be described. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control device. First, there is a machine side 40, and a specific configuration of the machine side 40 is as shown in FIG. Further, there are a sequencer 43, a numerical controller (NC) 45, a servo amplifier 47, a backup battery 49, a machining program 51, and the like. The numerical control device 45 includes a sequencer processing unit 53, a servo processing unit 55, various memories 57, and a processing program processing unit 59. The servo processing means 55 controls the servo motor 61 via the servo amplifier 47.
Control. The servo motor 61 means a plurality of servo motors shown in FIG. 1, and naturally includes the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41 for controlling the movement of the opposed headstock 37. .

In this embodiment, in order to detect the breakage of the parting tool, when the opposing headstock 37 performs a retreating operation after the end of the parting operation, a torque is applied to the opposing headstock feed servomotor 41. Multiply the limit. This is performed by the servo processing unit 55 of the numerical controller 45. Also, the work 35 can be held and held by the chuck means on the headstock 5 side as the value of the torque limit.
And the work 3 is held by the chuck means on the side of the opposed headstock 37.
5 is a value that can be held by holding . When a load that reaches the torque limit value is applied when the opposing headstock 37 is caused to perform the retreat operation, the device is stopped as a servo alarm, thereby detecting breakage of the parting tool. Become.

The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, a program is started, and a main-side machining process is performed (sequence S1). That is, in the state shown in FIG. 1, desired processing is performed on the portion of the work 35 protruding from the guide bush device 33 using the tools 27 and 31. When the main-side machining is completed, the process proceeds to the parting-off process (sequence S2). That is, the opposing headstock 37 is advanced to grasp the tip of the work 35, and in this state, the work 35 is cut off by the parting tool, so that the work 35 is separated from the headstock 5 side and the opposing headstock 37 side. This is the work of dividing into parts.

When the cutoff process is completed, a torque limit is applied to the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41 by the numerical controller 45 (sequence S3). Next, the opposing headstock feed servomotor 41 is driven to move the opposing headstock 37 backward (sequence S4). Then, the flow shifts to sequence S5, where it is determined whether or not there is a servo alarm. That is, when the parting-off operation is normally performed by the parting-off tool, the work 35 is divided into the headstock 5 side and the opposing headstock 37 side, so that the retreating operation of the opposing headstock 37 is impaired. No, the opposite headstock feed servomotor 41
There is no heavy load on the vehicle. In this case, no servo alarm occurs. On the other hand, the parting-off by the parting-off tool is not performed normally,
Side and the opposing headstock 37 side,
The retreat operation of the opposed headstock 37 is impaired, and a large load (exceeding the torque limit) acts on the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41. In this case, a servo alarm occurs.

If a servo alarm has occurred, the sequence proceeds to sequence S6, where it is determined that the parting byte has been damaged, and, for example, the apparatus is stopped. On the other hand, if no servo alarm has occurred,
The sequence goes to sequence S7 to turn off the torque limit applied to the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41. And
The process proceeds to the back side processing step (sequence S8). This back-side machining step means that the front side gripped by the opposed headstock 37 side is placed on the back side of the machined workpiece 35 and the tool 2
7 and 31 are operations for performing desired back surface processing. Then, the program ends.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. First, it is possible to reliably detect the breakage of the parting tool. This is configured so that the numerical control device 45 applies a torque limit to the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41 to generate a servo alarm at the time of the retreat operation of the opposed headstock 37 after parting off. This is because it is configured to detect breakage of the parting byte depending on the presence or absence. Further, the torque limit is such that the work 35 is gripped by the chuck means on the headstock 5 side.
In Te is capable of holding the opposing headstock 37 side of the chuck means
Since the workpiece 35 is set to a value that can be held and held , the parting-off process is not performed normally, and the workpiece 35 is not divided between the headstock 5 side and the opposing headstock 37 side. However, breakage of each part can be prevented without forcibly sliding the work 35. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, unlike the related art, no special detecting means for detecting breakage of the parting tool is unnecessary, so that the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the case of this embodiment, two cutting tools are attached in advance, and when one of the cutting tools is damaged, it is detected and switched to the other cutting tool to continue the operation. As the parting-off tool, for example, the tool 2 of the first turret 21 of the first tool rest 13 in FIG.
It is conceivable that two parting tools are prepared as 7 and these two cutting tools are attached to adjacent positions. Note that this is only an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. In this embodiment, the means for detecting the breakage of the parting-off tool may be of the construction described in the first embodiment, or may be the parting-off tool as described in the conventional example. Damage detection means may be used, and it is not particularly limited.

Then, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4, the program starts, and the main-side machining process is performed (sequence S9). Next, the process proceeds to a parting-off process (sequence S10). The contents of each of these steps are as described above, but which of the two cut-off bytes to use is selected by designating a unique variable. ing. Then, the process proceeds to a sequence S11 to check whether or not the parting byte is damaged. As the detection means,
As described above, various means are conceivable. Next, it is determined whether or not the parting byte has been damaged (sequence S1).
2). If it is determined that the cutoff byte has been damaged, the process proceeds to sequence S13 to check whether the second cutoff byte has been damaged. If it is determined that the second parting byte is also damaged, the sequence S14
And the alarm stops. On the other hand, if it is determined that the second cutoff byte is not damaged, the sequence proceeds to sequence S15, where the sequencer (reference numeral 4 in FIG. 2) is used.
3), the breakage of the first cutoff byte is confirmed, and the breakage byte break alarm state is reset (sequence S).
16) Restart the program (sequence S1)
7).

Then, the sequence proceeds to sequence S18, where 2
The variable is changed to the second cutoff byte, and the failed part is cut off by the second cutoff byte (sequence S1).
9). Then, the program ends. If it is determined in the sequence S12 that the bite is not broken, the process proceeds to the sequence S20, where the back side processing step is performed. Then, the program ends.

According to this embodiment, not only the breakage of the parting tool is detected, but also two parting tools are attached in advance, and if the first parting tool is damaged, the second parting tool is damaged. , The work is continued so that the work can be continued, which leads to an improvement in productivity.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment is a combination of the configuration of the first embodiment and the configuration of the second embodiment. In other words, as means for detecting breakage of the parting-off tool, means for applying a torque limit to the opposed headstock feed motor 37 by the numerical controller 45 is used, and two parting-off tools are attached in advance,
If the first cut-off tool is damaged, it is intended to switch to the second cut-off tool and continue the operation.
Hereinafter, description will be given along the flowchart of FIG.

First, when the program starts, a main processing step is performed (sequence S21).
A cutoff process is performed (sequence S22). When the cutoff process is completed, the numerical control device 45 applies a torque limit to the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41 (sequence S23). Then, the retracting movement of the opposite headstock feed Ri motor 37 is performed, this time, is checked whether the damaged parting byte (sequence S24). Then, in the sequence 25, when it is determined that the cutoff byte is damaged, the process proceeds to sequence S26, and it is determined whether the second cutoff byte is damaged. On the other hand, if it is determined in the sequence S25 that the parting bite is not damaged, the process proceeds to the sequence S27, and the torque limit for the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41 is released. Then, in the sequence S28, the presence or absence of breakage of the parting tool is again determined. If the breakage byte is not damaged, the process proceeds to the sequence S29 to perform the back side machining process. Then, the program ends.

If it is determined in the sequence S26 that the second parting byte is damaged, the sequence proceeds to the sequence S30 to stop the alarm. On the other hand, if it is determined that the second cutoff byte is not damaged, it is confirmed in sequence S31 that the first cutoff byte is damaged in the sequencer.
At 32, the reset of the numerical controller 45 and the torque limit to the opposed headstock feed servomotor 41 are turned off. Then, in sequence S33, each axis is returned to the origin, and the program is restarted (sequence S34). The origin return in the sequence S33 is required when the servomotor is an incremental servomotor, and is not required when the servomotor is an absolute servomotor. The contents of the origin processing are as follows. First, after resetting the break-off tool breakage alarm, the mode is switched to the “JOG” mode. At this time, the main chuck (the chuck on the headstock 5 side) is opened and the sub chuck (the chuck on the opposing headstock 37 side) is closed. And Then, after the headstock 5 is once operated in the same manner as the manual home position return, the headstock 5 is returned to the original position (the position where damage has been checked). At that time, the main chuck is closed and the sub chuck is opened. Next, the opposing headstock 37 is once operated in the same manner as the manual home position return, then returned to the original position (the position where damage was checked), and the sub chuck is closed. Then, the other axes are operated in the same manner as the manual origin return. Then, control goes to the sequence S28 described above. Also, the sequence S
In 28, if it is confirmed that the parting byte is damaged, the process proceeds to sequence S35, where the variable is changed to the second parting byte, and the failed part is cut off by the second parting byte (sequence). S3 7).
Then, the program ends.

Accordingly, in the case of this embodiment, the first
Both of the effects of the embodiment and the second embodiment, that is, the detection of breakage of the parting-off tool is surely performed. If the first cutting-off tool is damaged, the operation is switched to the second cutting-off tool and work is performed. It is possible to provide both effects such as performing continuously.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. First, the basic configuration of the automatic lathe is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 1, and any configuration having at least a headstock and an opposing headstock and having a configuration in which parting is performed by a parting tool can be used. Applicable. Also, the number, arrangement, and the like of the cutoff bytes may be arbitrarily set.

[0032]

As described above in detail, according to the automatic lathe according to the present invention, when the opposing headstock is retracted after the parting-off, a torque limit is applied to the opposing headstock feed servomotor, and a load exceeding the torque limit is applied. In the case where the break-off bit is actuated, the breakage of the cut-off byte is detected as a servo alarm. Now you can. Also,
If multiple break-off tools are installed, and if any break-off tool is detected to be damaged, the machine will be switched to another cut-off tool and work will be continued. It is no longer left unattended, and productivity can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an entire configuration of an automatic lathe according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial front view of an automatic lathe viewed from a guide bushing device in a diagram used for explaining a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Headstock 27 Tool (including parting tool) 31 Tool (including parting tool) 35 Work 37 Opposed headstock 41 Opposed headstock feed servomotor

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A main processing is performed while a workpiece is gripped on a headstock side, and after the main processing is completed, an opposing headstock is advanced to grip the other end of the workpiece, and a parting-off is performed by a parting-off tool. In an automatic lathe configured to retract the opposing headstock gripping the cut-off work after performing the cutting, when the opposing headstock is retracted after parting-off, the torque limit value of the opposing headstock feed servomotor is set to the spindle. The work can be held and held on the table side, and the other end of the work can be held and held on the opposed headstock side
In a set to a value, wherein the counter headstock feed servo motor to perform the opposite headstock retraction, if not detected load reaches the torque limit value by the backward movement after the backward movement operation, An automatic lathe that performs a predetermined processing step. 2. The automatic lathe according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of parting tools are previously arranged, and when the opposing headstock is retracted after parting, the torque limit value of the opposing headstock feed servomotor is set to the headstock. Side can grip and hold the work, and the opposite headstock side can grip and hold the other end of the work.
And the opposite headstock feed servo motor is caused to perform a retreating operation of the opposed headstock, and when a load reaching the torque limit value is detected by the retreating operation, the retreating operation is stopped. An automatic lathe wherein the work is cut off by switching to another parting tool and the main machining is resumed after the cut off.