JP3117044B2 - Numerically controlled machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerically controlled machine tool, and more particularly to a numerically controlled machine tool which releases a clamping function in a manual mode.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, some numerically controlled machine tools include a clamp mechanism for mechanically preventing movement of a control shaft so that the work does not move when the work is machined. When moving a control axis (hereinafter abbreviated as B-axis) having a clamp mechanism, this numerically controlled machine tool first releases the clamp to enable movement of the B-axis, and then moves to a target position. Then, the work is performed by fixing with a clamp. When the numerically controlled machine tool continuously moves along the B-axis and this movement does not involve machining work or the like and it is not necessary to fix the workpiece, in the automatic operation mode, the unclamping is performed by a command on a program. It can be moved as it is.

[0003]

However, manually
In the manual operation mode based on the premise that the B-axis is moved and machined, even when the B-axis is continuously moved by driving the motor , even if it is not necessary to fix the B-axis by a clamp, the unclamping / removing operation is performed every time the moving operation is performed. Clamping operation was performed. In particular, when the B-axis is moved little by little for positioning of a workpiece or the like, the unclamping / clamping operation is repeated every time the B-axis is moved little by little, which makes the operator troublesome and unclamping / clamping. Processing took a long time, deteriorating work efficiency. As a method of solving this, it has been conventionally performed to set an unclamped state in advance in an automatic operation mode before switching to a manual operation mode. However, every time the B-axis is moved in the manual operation, the unclamping command is automatically performed in the automatic operation, and after the operation in the manual operation is completed, the clamping command has to be performed again in the automatic operation, which puts a burden on the operator. Was. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a numerical control machine capable of moving a control shaft having a clamp mechanism without repeating unclamping / clamping in a manual operation mode. To provide a machine.

[0004]

In order to achieve this object, a numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention includes a moving means for moving a plurality of control axes based on a command from a numerical control device, and a moving means for moving the control axes. Manual operation command means for outputting a command for moving the control shaft by manual operation, and a manual operation command output by the manual operation command means. When done
And a clamp control means for controlling the clamp mechanism so as to prevent the movement of the control axis when the movement of the control axis is released and the command of the manual operation is released. .

[0005]

According to the present invention having the above structure, when the manual operation command means outputs a command for moving the control shaft by manual operation, the clamp control means causes the clamp mechanism to prevent the movement of the control shaft. Release.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows a machine tool 60 provided with a rotary worktable device 50 having a clamp mechanism according to the present embodiment. The rotating worktable device 50 holds the workpiece and rotates on the B axis by a predetermined angle (can be set arbitrarily and does not need to be at the same angle), and is rotated at a stop position by a clamp mechanism described later. It fixes the work. The machine tool 60 further supports a rotary worktable device 50 for feeding the workpiece, with X in the horizontal plane.
A slide work table 52 movable in the Y direction is provided. A headstock 61 supported by a column 58 fixed to the base 56 is moved in the Z-axis direction by a Z-axis drive motor 62 mounted on the upper end of the column 58. A tool 66 such as a drill, center drill, or tap attached to a spindle (not shown) of the headstock 61 via a tool holder 64 is rotated by a spindle drive motor 68 to cut a workpiece. The tool 66 is replaced with another tool as needed by a tool changing device (not shown). The machine tool 60 sends a workpiece in the X and Y directions using a slide work table 52, rotates the work table apparatus 50 on the B axis, and fixes (clamps) at a set position to perform processing such as cutting. .

FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the rotary worktable device 50 having the clamping mechanism of the machine tool 60 shown in FIG. A bearing 2 is mounted inside the housing 1 with a screw 30, and a pinion 5 of a staggered bevel gear mechanism is rotatable with the housing 1 while meshing with the axis of rotation of the large gear 6 and the large gear 6. Supported. A large gear 6 of a staggered bevel gear mechanism and a spindle 3 are attached to the bearing 2 with screws 32 so as to sandwich the bearing 2, and are supported rotatably with respect to the housing 1. A rotary table 4 is attached to one end of the spindle 3 with screws 34. The turntable 4 holds a workpiece by a holder (not shown). At the end of the spindle 3 opposite the rotary table 4, a boss 18 is provided on the spindle 3, an O-ring 9 between the disk 19 and the spindle 3, and a disk 1.
It is attached by a screw 40 so as to sandwich the O-ring 17 between the boss 9 and 9. An oil seal 16 is attached to the inner periphery of the cylinder 13. An O-ring 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the ring-shaped piston 14.
However, an O-ring 15 is inserted into the inner peripheral portion, and the piston 14 is slidably moved in the axial direction of the cylinder 13.
To form a cylinder set. The cylinder set is mounted on the surface of the housing 1 opposite to the rotary table 4 while holding the packing 21 with screws 42. The cylinder 13 is provided with a vent hole 20.
The spring 11 holds the piston 14 in the concave portion 22 provided on the surface of the housing 1 facing the cylinder set.
It is arranged so as to press against the third side. Packing 2
1, the O-ring 9 and the O-ring 17 prevent a cutting oil or the like from entering the clamp mechanism to reduce the frictional force.

Next, the clamping operation of the rotary worktable device 50 having the above configuration will be described. When the pinion 5 of the staggered bevel gear mechanism is rotated by a rotary table drive motor (not shown), the large gear 6 meshing with the pinion 5 is
Rotate about an axis perpendicular to the axis of. According to this, the spindle 3, the rotary table 4, the boss 18 and the disk 19
Rotates. Rotary table 4 holding this workpiece
Rotates the workpiece on the B axis. When the air is injected from the vent hole 20 after the rotation operation is completed, the piston 14 moves toward the housing 1 by the pressure. If the pressure exceeds the spring force of the spring 11, the disk 19 comes into contact with the disk 19. If the pressure exceeds the force required for elastically deforming the disk 19, the disk 19 is pressed against the housing 1 and sandwiched. Then, a frictional force is generated between the disk 19 and the housing 1 to restrict the movement of the disk 19 and the spindle 3. Thereby, the rotary table 4 is fixed, and when the machine tool 60 shown in FIG. 2 performs machining, rotation of the rotary table 4 that supports the workpiece is prevented.

When the rotary table 4 is rotated again to change the angle of the workpiece with the tool 66 (feed on the B axis), the applied air pressure is released. Accordingly, the piston 14 moves in the direction of the cylinder 13 by the spring force of the spring 11. Then, the disk 19 tries to return to its original state by its elastic force, the contact between the disk 19 and the housing 1 is released, the frictional force is lost, and the cylinder 3 becomes rotatable.

The machine tool 60 shown in FIG. 2 is controlled by a numerical controller shown in FIG. Numerical control unit is CP
The computer 100 mainly has a U114, a ROM 116, a RAM 120, and a bus 112 connecting them. An input interface 110 is connected to the bus 112, and the operating device 102, the input device 104, the manual pulse generator 106, and the clamp detector 108 are connected to the input interface 110.
The operation device 102 is a device including a switch for switching between a manual operation mode and an automatic operation mode, a plurality of command keys for instructing start and stop of the numerically controlled machine tool, an input key for an operation program, an edit key, and the like. Input device 104
Is a device for reading an operation program including numerical data, that is, NC data from a paper tape. The manual pulse generator 106 is a device that generates a pulse in proportion to the rotation angle of the manual handle. The clamp detector 108 is a detector for detecting a clamp state of the rotary worktable device 50 and transmitting a clamp confirmation signal.

An output interface 118 is also connected to the bus 112, and the output interface 118
Include driving circuits 130, 131, 132, 133, and 13
7 and the control circuits 140 and 141, the X-axis drive motor 150, the Y-axis drive motor 151, the Z-axis drive motor 62,
Spindle drive motor 68, rotary table drive motor 157,
The display device 160 and the clamp control device 161 are connected. The ROM 116 connected to the CPU 114 via the bus 112 stores a control routine and the like shown in FIG. The operation according to this control routine will be described later.

Next, the machine tool 6 using the numerical controller
The control operation of 0 will be described. The NC data recorded on the paper tape is read from the input device 104 of the numerical control device via the input interface 110 and is read by the CPU 11.
4, an operation command based on the read NC data is issued via the output interface 118. The X-axis drive motor 153 and the Y-axis drive motor 151 are rotated based on the operation command to horizontally move the slide work table 52 shown in FIG.
Is turned to feed the tool 66 on the Z axis, and the spindle drive motor 68 rotates the tool 66 to process the workpiece. Further, the rotary table drive motor 157 is rotated to rotate the rotary table 4 holding the workpiece on the B axis,
The clamp controller 161 operates the disk 19 shown in FIG. 1 to fix (clamp) the rotary table 4. In the operation command described above, the clamp controller 161
In addition to the above, not only the operation amount value (for example, data representing the moving position of the moving member moved by each motor) but also data such as the operating speed is included.

The unclamping / clamping process when the rotary table 4 is rotated, that is, when an operation command is given to the drive circuit 137 for driving the rotary table drive motor 157, will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. I do. FIG. 4 shows a timing chart of the rotary table drive motor 157, the clamp control device 161, and the clamp confirmation signal of the clamp detector 108 that detects the clamp state. First, an operation command is issued from the CPU 114 to the control circuit 141 of the clamp control device 161. In response to this, the clamp control device 161 releases the clamp of the turntable 4 (time t1).

Next, an operation command is issued from the CPU 114 to the drive circuit 137 of the rotary table drive motor 157,
The rotary table drive motor 157 is turned on and starts rotating (time t2). This rotary table drive motor 157
Each time is rotated by a certain minute angle, an encoder attached to the rotary table drive motor 157 emits one pulse at a time. The position of the rotary table 4 is calculated based on the pulse signal. If the calculated position remains within the in-position width of the command position according to the operation command for a set time, the rotary table 4 is determined to be positioned at the operation command position. The judgment is made, the rotary table drive motor 157 is turned off, and the rotation is stopped (time t3).

Thereafter, the control circuit 141 is again provided with the CPU 1
14, an operation command is issued, and the clamp controller 161 is operated.
, The rotary table 4 is clamped (time t4), and the workpiece is fixed. Then, the clamp detector 108 detects that the workpiece is clamped, and outputs a clamp confirmation signal (time t5). Thereafter, the processing by the tool 66 is started. Then, when the machining at the position is completed, in order to perform the machining at the next position, the clamp of the rotary table 4 is released, rotated and clamped again according to the above-mentioned procedure, and the workpiece is moved on the B axis.

The rotary table 4 is moved on the B-axis by a series of unclamping / clamping operations described above, but this movement does not involve machining work or the like and it is not necessary to fix the workpiece. In the automatic operation mode, the movement can be performed with unclamping according to a command on the program.

Next, the operation of the operator in the manual operation mode according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5 showing the appearance of a manual pulse generator 106 for moving a workpiece in the manual operation mode. . In the present embodiment, FIG.
The operation mode can be switched from the automatic operation mode to the manual operation mode by a manual operation mode / automatic operation mode changeover switch provided in the operation device 102 of the numerical controller shown in FIG. In the manual operation mode, the operator selects one of the X, Y, Z, and B axes with the axis selection switch 204 of the manual pulse generator 106 shown in FIG. Can be moved. That is, when one of the axes is selected by the axis selection switch 204 and the pulse generation handle 202 is turned, the manual pulse generator 106 applies a pulse to the control axis selected by the axis selection switch 204. The movement command is issued to move the generator handle 202 in the rotation direction by an amount corresponding to the rotation of the generator handle 202. When the operator selects the B axis for rotating the rotary table 4 with the axis selection switch 204, the clamp of the rotary worktable device 50 for rotating the rotary table 4 is released as described later. The rotary table 4 can be rotated without performing unclamping / clamping.

Next, the release of the clamp of the B-axis in the manual operation mode will be further described with reference to FIG. 6 which is a flowchart showing the flow of processing by the CPU 114 based on the control routine of the RAM 116. First, when the operator selects the manual operation mode with the manual operation mode / automatic operation mode switch of the operation device 102 shown in FIG. 3, the control is switched to the manual operation mode (Step 1 is Yes). Next, the axis selection switch 204 is turned off.
When the operator rotates the position from the F position to a position for selecting any of the X, Y, Z, and B axes, the manual pulse generator 106 is enabled (Yes in step 2), and the rotary table 4 is further rotated (B). When the axis is selected (Step 3 is Yes), CP
By U114, the control rotation 1 of the clamp control device 161 is performed.
41, an operation command is issued to the control circuit 1.
41 unclamps the rotary worktable device 50 (step 4). When the pulse generation handle 202 is turned by the operator (Step 5 is Yes),
The CPU 114 issues an operation command to the control circuit 137 of the rotary table drive motor 157, and the B axis, that is, the rotary table 4
Rotates in the rotated direction by an amount corresponding to the rotation of the pulse generator handle 202 (step 6). This allows the operator to operate in manual operation mode
When the workpiece supported by the rotary table 4 is fed little by little for positioning or the like, the unclamping of the rotary table 4 /
It can be moved without repeating the clamping operation.

On the other hand, the manual operation mode /
The automatic operation mode changeover switch is switched to the automatic operation mode (No in step 1), and the axis selection switch 20
4 is turned OFF (Step 2 is No), or the axis selection switch 204 is switched from the B axis to any of the X, Y, and Z axes (Step 3 is No), C
PU 114 is the control rotation 14 of the clamp control device 161.
1 to cause the rotary worktable device 50 to clamp the rotary table 4 (step 7).

In the embodiment described above, the axis selection switch 202 of the manual pulse generator 106 is set to "B".
When the axis is switched, the turntable 4 is unclamped. Conversely, the automatic operation mode is selected, the axis selection switch 204 is turned off, or the axis selection switch 204 is switched from the B axis to the X, Y axes. , Z-axis, the clamp was performed. Instead, the axis selection switch 204 is changed from OFF to X, Y, Z, B
Is switched to any of the axis selections, the rotary table 4
It is also preferable to perform unclamping, and conversely, perform clamping when the automatic operation mode is selected or when the axis selection switch 204 is turned off.

Further, in this embodiment, the manual pulse generator 106 is used to generate a manual operation command. Alternatively, a jog key or the like for moving the relevant axis while the key is pressed may be used. is there. In this embodiment, when the B axis is selected by the axis selection switch 204,
Although the rotating worktable device 50 is automatically unclamped, the manual pulse generator 106 is provided with a B-axis unclamping / clamp selection switch so that it is possible to select whether or not to perform B-axis unclamping. Are also suitable.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description,
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the numerically controlled machine tool of this invention, when moving the control axis clamped by the clamp mechanism in the manual operation mode, unclamping / clamping is not repeated, so that the operator does not feel troublesome, Further, the moving operation can be sped up, and the operability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary worktable device provided with a clamp mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of a machine tool according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the numerical controller according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a timing chart at the time of a B-axis movement command of the numerically controlled machine tool of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an external view of a manual pulse generator of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a process in a manual operation mode of the numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Rotary Table 50 Rotary Worktable Device 62 Z-Axis Drive Motor 68 Spindle Drive Motor 100 Computer 102 Operating Device 104 Input Device 106 Manual Pulse Generator 114 CPU 116 R0M 120 RAM 137 Drive Circuit 141 Control Circuit 157 Rotary Table Drive Motor 161 Clamp Control apparatus

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A driving device based on a command from a numerical controller.
A moving means for moving the plurality of the control shaft by driving the location, when it is operated by the automatic operation, plant based on the command
Release the blockage of the movement of the specified control axis, and
A numerically controlled machine tool having a clamp mechanism for preventing movement after the movement , comprising: a manual operation command means for outputting a command for moving the control axis by manual operation; Clamp control for releasing the inhibition of the movement of the control axis when an operation command is output, and controlling the clamp mechanism so as to inhibit the movement of the control axis when the manual operation instruction is released. Numerically controlled machine tool comprising: