JP2000141164A - Numerical control method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To divide the same tool installation part into a plurality of angle, and to reduce an error in programming while simplifying the NC working program by selecting a tool installation part and the angle thereof with the surface dividing number. SOLUTION: An NC command processing program 141 calls the processing of a T-code processing program 142. In the T-code processing program 142, in the case where the surface dividing number of the T-code is 02, a turret is turned, and a rotary tool installation part is divided in the horizontal condition at a front surface side. In the case where the surface dividing number of the T-code is not 02 but 04, the turret is turned, and the rotary tool installation part is divided in the vertical condition. In the case where the surface dividing number is not 04 but 06, the turret is turned so as to divide the rotary tool installation part in the opening and closing condition at a back surface side thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerical control method and apparatus for controlling a machine tool such as a turning center in which a rotary tool mounting portion and a fixed tool mounting portion are arranged on a turret capable of rotating and indexing a tool post. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a machine tool such as a turning center, it is common practice to provide a turret capable of rotating indexing on a tool post, and to appropriately index a plurality of tools attached to a peripheral portion of the turret to perform machining. . The tool selection command for indexing a desired tool to a machining position at this time usually includes a surface index number for designating a desired tool mounting surface of the turret and a tool number for designating a tool. If the specified tool is not mounted on the specified tool mounting surface, the tool is changed by the automatic tool changer and the specified tool is mounted on the specified tool mounting surface.
The tool is indexed to the machining position.

[0003] However, the angle of the tool at the machining position is usually a fixed angle determined. As a technique capable of changing the angle of a tool at a processing position, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-6178. In this method, the tool on the specified mounting surface can be further tilted from the basic position by the specified angle by specifying the number of the mounting surface of the tool and the tilt angle together.

[0004]

The method of changing the angle of the tool by specifying the angle as described above has an advantage that the tool can be tilted to an arbitrary angle position. In the case of changing only the direction or three directions, the angle specification is rather complicated, the parameters of the NC command of the NC machining program are complicated, and errors in the program are liable to occur. Further, when the direction of the tool is changed, each coordinate component of the offset amount from the reference position of the cutting edge of the tool changes, so that it is necessary to re-measure the cutting edge position of the tool.

Therefore, the present invention enables the tool to be easily indexed into vertical and horizontal positions for machining, and automatically calculates each coordinate component of the offset amount of the cutting edge in accordance with the indexing direction of the tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide a numerical control method and apparatus that can be calculated and obtained.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a numerical control method according to the present invention comprises a fixed tool mounting portion for detachably mounting a fixed tool for processing a rotating workpiece. A numerical control method for controlling a machine tool having a turret having a rotary tool mounting portion for removably mounting a rotary tool for processing a workpiece by rotating, and a tool rest provided indexably, A tool selection command for selecting a tool by indexing the turret, including a surface index number and a tool number, and by the surface index number, selecting either the fixed tool mounting portion or the rotary tool mounting portion, The angle of the selected tool mounting portion is selected, and the tool to be mounted on the selected tool mounting portion is selected based on the tool number.

Further, in the above numerical control method, an offset amount of a cutting edge position of the fixed tool or the rotary tool mounted on the fixed tool mounting portion or the rotary tool mounting portion from a predetermined reference position is set as a tool correction value. The tool correction value of the tool selected by the tool number is stored for each tool and converted into a new tool correction value by converting the tool correction value of the tool selected by the tool number according to the angle of the tool mounting unit selected by the surface index number. Is preferred.

Further, the numerical controller according to the present invention is a rotary tool for machining a workpiece by rotating with a fixed tool mounting portion for detachably mounting a fixed tool for machining a rotating workpiece. A turret having a rotating tool mounting portion for detachably mounting a turret, a numerical control device for controlling a machine tool including a tool rest provided indexably,
An indexing drive motor for indexing the turret and an offset amount of a cutting edge position of a tool mounted on the fixed tool mounting portion or the rotary tool mounting portion from a predetermined reference position are stored as a tool correction value for each tool. The tool correction memory and the tool selection command to select a tool, by driving the index drive motor, the fixed tool mounting portion or the rotary tool mounting portion of the turret,
Indexing in a direction parallel to the axis of the spindle of the machine tool or in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, and the tool correction value for the tool mounted on the fixed tool mounting portion or the rotating tool mounting portion according to the indexing direction. And a tool control means for performing control for performing the conversion.

Further, in the above numerical control device, it is preferable that the tool selection command is a command capable of discriminating between the indexing of the rotary tool mounting portion and the indexing of the fixed tool mounting portion.

In the above numerical control device, the machine tool has two main spindles, a front main spindle and a rear main spindle, and the tool selection command is issued to the front main spindle side and to the rear main spindle side. It is preferable that the instruction is a command that can determine the index.

Further, in the above numerical control device, the turret is such that the fixed tool mounting portion and the rotary tool mounting portion are provided in directions different from each other by 180 degrees, and the rotary tool mounting portion is provided at the center thereof. It is preferable that the turret is arranged so that an axis thereof and a rotation index center line of the turret substantially intersect.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a processing area of a turning center as a machine tool to which the present invention is applied. This turning center is provided with two main shafts: a front main shaft (main main shaft) 38b and a rear main shaft (sub main shaft) 39b. The front spindle 38b is rotatably supported by a front spindle head (not shown). Also, the back spindle 3
9b is rotatably supported by a rear headstock (not shown).

A front chuck 38a is provided at a tip of the front spindle 38b, and a back chuck 39a is provided at a tip of the rear spindle 39b. Front spindle 38
b, the back spindle 39b is rotationally controlled by a spindle drive motor. The axis of the front spindle 38b and the rear spindle 3
The axis of 9b is parallel, and the control axis in the direction parallel to the axis of these main axes is the Z axis. A control axis in a direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction is defined as an X-axis.

The tool rest of the turning center is provided with a turret 41 which is movable in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and which can be turned and indexed. In FIG. 1, the turning shaft 42 of the turret 41 is provided such that its axis is oriented in a direction (Y-axis direction) orthogonal to both the X axis and the Z axis. Turret 41
Has a rotating tool mounting part 43 and a fixed tool mounting part 44. The central axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43 and the central axis FC of the fixed tool mounting portion 44 are provided in parallel with each other. Also, the rotating tool mounting section 43 and the fixed tool mounting section 4
4 is provided in the direction opposite to 180 degrees.

The center axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43
And the central axis of the turning shaft 42 of the turret 41 intersects. Therefore, the accessibility of the tool to the workpiece on the back side is improved. By turning the turret 41 about the turning axis 42, the rotary tool mounting portion 43 and the fixed tool mounting portion 44 can be positioned at arbitrary angular positions. However, they are often used when the axes of the mounting portions are parallel to the Z axis and when the axes are parallel to the X axis.

In this turning center, the workpiece W1 is gripped by the front chuck 38a, and the rear chuck 39a is held.
The workpiece W2 can be gripped at the same time, and processing on the front side and the back side can be performed continuously. The fixed tool mounting section 44 can removably mount a fixed tool BT (for example, a tool in which a cutting tool or the like is attached to a tool shank). The fixed tool mounting section 44 is dedicated to a fixed tool for processing a rotating workpiece.

The rotary tool mounting section 43 can removably mount a rotary tool RT (for example, a tool in which a milling tool or the like is attached to a tool shank) for rotating the tool itself to process a workpiece. , Mounted rotary tool RT
Can be driven to rotate. In addition, rotating tool mounting part 4
A detent for the fixed tool BT is provided in the vicinity of 3, and the fixed tool BT can also be mounted on the rotary tool mounting part 43 for processing. Note that a tool with a drill, tap, or the like attached to the tool shank may be used as both the rotating tool RT and the fixed tool BT.

Rotary tool mounting section 43, fixed tool mounting section 44
An automatic tool changer (AT)
C). FIG. 1 shows a state in which the fixed tool BT is mounted on the rotary tool mounting part 43 and the back surface processing of the workpiece W2 gripped by the back side chuck 39a is performed.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the numerical control device (NC device) 1 for controlling the turning center. The NC device 1 is provided with an NC board or the like for controlling a servomotor and performing sequence control in an expansion slot of a dedicated NC machine or a small personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer) to provide a numerical control function and a personal computer function. A so-called personal computer NC device can be used. The NC device 1 has a CP as an information processing means for performing various data processing.
A U11 is provided, and a ROM 13 and a RAM 14 are connected to the CPU 11 via a bus 12 as a main storage device.

The CPU 11 operates according to the system programs and data stored in the ROM 13 and the programs and data loaded into the RAM 14 (read into the memory). The programs loaded into the RAM 14 in this manner include an OS (Operating System) which is a basic program and an NC command processing program 141 which performs processing according to each of various NC commands. In particular, T which processes NC commands related to tool selection and tool change control
There are a code processing program 142, a display control program for displaying characters and graphics on the display unit 18, and the like.

Further, an NC machining program memory 15, a tool correction memory 16,
The parameter memory 17 is connected. The NC processing program memory 15 stores an NC processing program for positioning the turret 41 at a desired angular position and performing processing by controlling the movement of the tool post in the X-axis and Z-axis directions. The tool correction memory 16 stores a tool correction value indicating an offset amount of each tool from the reference position of the cutting edge. The parameter memory 17 stores various parameters required for processing. NC machining program memory 1
5, the tool correction memory 16 and the parameter memory 17 can retain the stored contents even when the power of the NC apparatus 1 is turned off by using a nonvolatile memory.

Input / output devices are connected to the CPU 11 via a bus 12. As input / output devices, display means 18 for displaying characters and figures and input means 19 for an operator to input data are connected to the bus 12 via an interface circuit. The display means 18 is CR
T, EL display panel, liquid crystal display, etc. can be used,
As the input unit 19, a keyboard, a touch panel integrated with the display unit 18, or the like can be used.

Further, a fixed disk device as an auxiliary storage device may be connected to the CPU 11 via the bus 12. In this case, the fixed disk device has a CPU 1
Various programs and the like to be executed by the computer 1 may be stored, and these programs and the like may be loaded from the fixed disk device into the RAM 14 and the NC machining program memory 15 as appropriate.

The NC device 1 includes an X-axis control unit 21 and an amplifier 2
2 is connected to the X-axis motor 2 via the
Controls axial movement. The number of rotations and the rotation angle of the X-axis motor 2 are determined by an amplifier 22 and an X-axis controller 21 via a detector 23.
And is used to control the speed and position of the tool post in the X-axis direction. Similarly, the NC device 1 is connected to a Z-axis motor 3 via a Z-axis control unit 31 and an amplifier 32. The functions of the Z-axis motor 3, the Z-axis controller 31, the amplifier 32, and the detector 33 are the same as those for the X-axis, and control the movement of the tool post in the Z-axis direction. Further, the NC device 1
The B-axis control unit 51 is connected to the B-axis motor 5 via an amplifier 52. The functions of the B-axis motor 5, the B-axis control unit 51, the amplifier 52, and the detector 53 are the same as those for the X-axis. With this B-axis control, control is performed to turn the turret 41 and index it to a desired angular position.

A tool edge measuring device 6 is connected to the NC device 1 via an interface circuit. This tool edge measuring device 6 has + X,
The cutting edge of the tool is brought into contact with a contact portion oriented in each of the -X, + Z, and -Z axes from a predetermined direction, and the position of the cutting edge of the tool is determined from the coordinate values of the turret 41 in the X and Z directions at the time of the contact. It is obtained as a dimension of the turret 41 from the reference position. That is, the tool cutting edge measuring device 6 is a device for obtaining a tool correction value in the X-axis and Z-axis directions of the cutting edge position of the tool.

The tool edge measuring device 6 is provided on the headstock on the front side. As described above, the tool edge measuring device 6 is provided only on the headstock on the front side and not on the headstock on the back side, so that the cost can be reduced. The tool cutting edge measuring device 6 may be provided on the headstock on the back side instead of the front side. Moreover, you may make it provide in a location other than a headstock.

Next, various machining modes in the turning center will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram when a front workpiece W1 is processed by a fixed tool BT mounted on a fixed tool mounting section 44. The fixed tool B is fixed to the fixed tool mounting portion 44 by the automatic tool changer.
T is attached, and the center axis FC of the fixed tool mounting portion 44 is made parallel to the Z axis, and the fixed tool BT is directed toward the workpiece W1 held by the front chuck 38a. And the workpiece W1
And the fixed tool B with respect to the workpiece W1.
The workpiece W1 is processed by relatively moving T in at least one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The turret 41 turns around a turning shaft 42.

An NC command for indexing the turret 41 to such an angular position is specified using a T code for specifying a tool, such as "T01 nmm". here,
“Nn” is a tool number, and if the tool number of the fixed tool BT is 10, “10” is designated. “Mm” is a correction number for designating a tool correction value representing an offset amount of the cutting edge of the tool from the reference position. When "00" is specified as the correction number, the tool correction value corresponding to the tool number of the tool is used. Therefore, "00" is normally specified as the correction number.

The general format of the T code is "Tssnnm
m ”. As described above, “nn” is a tool number,
“Mm” is a correction number. “Ss” represents a surface index number, and is a number for indexing a desired tool mounting portion of the turret 41 in a desired direction. In a conventional machine tool, a desired tool mounting portion is simply determined in a predetermined direction by a surface index number. In the present invention, not only the tool mounting portion is specified by the surface index number, but also the direction of the tool mounting portion is specified, and the specification of the tool is simplified.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the case where the end of the workpiece W1 on the front side is machined by the rotary tool RT mounted on the rotary tool mounting section 43. The turret 41 is turned around the turning shaft 42, and the rotary tool RT is mounted on the rotary tool mounting portion 43 by the automatic tool changer. With the center axis RC of the rotating tool mounting portion 43 parallel to the Z axis, the rotating tool RT is directed toward the end face of the workpiece W1 held by the front chuck 38a. Then, while rotating the rotating tool RT, the rotating tool RT is moved relative to the workpiece W1 in at least one of the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, and the C-axis direction (the direction around the Z-axis axis). Then, the workpiece W1 is processed.

An NC command for indexing the turret 41 to such an angular position is represented by T code "T02nnm".
m ". Here, "nn" is a tool number, and if the tool number of the rotary tool RT is 15, "15"
Is specified. “Mm” is a correction number, and usually specifies “00” as described above.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a case where the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece W1 on the front side is machined by the rotary tool RT mounted on the rotary tool mounting portion 43. The turret 41 is swiveled about the swivel axis 42, and the center axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43 is set to X
The rotary tool RT is held parallel to the axis and the front chuck 38a is
To the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece W1 held by the user. Then, the rotary tool RT is rotated to rotate the rotary tool R with respect to the workpiece W1.
The workpiece W1 is processed by relatively moving T in at least one of the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, and the C-axis direction. The NC command for indexing the turret 41 to such an angular position is specified by a T code such as “T04 nmm”. Here, “nn” and “mm” are as described above.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a case where a front workpiece W1 is machined by a fixing tool of the tool post 45.
A fixed tool mounting portion 44 is attached to a turning shaft 42 of the turret 41.
The tool post 45 can be attached to the side surface 41a on the opposite side. A tool such as a cutting tool is attached to the tool post 45.
Can not be changed by the automatic tool changer. Since the fixed tool of the tool post 45 has high attachment rigidity and does not cause a tool change error, it is possible to perform high-precision turning.

The turret 41 is turned around the turning shaft 42, and the tool for fixing the tool post 45 is moved to the front chuck 38.
The workpiece is directed toward the workpiece W1 gripped by a. At this time, the central axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43 is parallel to the Z axis. Then, the fixed tool of the tool post 45 is controlled to move in at least one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction relative to the workpiece W1 to process the rotating workpiece W1. The NC command for indexing the turret 41 to such an angular position is specified by a T code such as "T07 nmm". Here, “nn” and “mm” are as described above, but even if the tool number is specified, the tool cannot be changed by the automatic tool changer. Alternatively, a tool such as a cutting tool may be attached to the back spindle 39b of the tool post 45 to machine the workpiece W2 held by the back chuck 39a.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the case where the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece W2 on the rear side is machined by the rotary tool RT mounted on the rotary tool mounting portion 43. The turret 41 is turned around the turning shaft 42, and the rotary tool RT is mounted on the rotary tool mounting portion 43 by the automatic tool changer. Further turret 41
Is turned so that the center axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43 is parallel to the X axis, and the rotary tool RT is directed to the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece W2 gripped by the back side chuck 39a. Then, the rotating rotary tool RT is moved X relative to the workpiece W2.
The workpiece W2 is processed by controlling the movement in the axial direction, the Z-axis direction, and the C-axis direction. An NC command for determining the turret 41 at such an angular position is specified by a T code such as “T04 nmm”. Here, "n
“n” and “mm” are as described above. Since the direction is the same as that of the designated tool mounting portion, it is the same as the designation of the T code in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a case where the backside workpiece W2 is machined by the fixed tool BT mounted on the rotary tool mounting section 43. The turret 41 is turned around the turning shaft 42, and the fixed tool BT is mounted on the rotary tool mounting portion 43 by the automatic tool changer. The center axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43 is made parallel to the Z axis, and the fixed tool BT is directed toward the workpiece W2 gripped by the back side chuck 39a. Then, the work W2 is processed by rotating the work W2 and moving the fixed tool BT relative to the work W2 in at least one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The NC command for determining the turret 41 at such an angular position is expressed by T code “T06nnm”.
m ". Here, “nn” and “mm” are as described above.

As described above, even in the T code designating the same rotary tool mounting portion 43, the front horizontal direction is "T02nn".
mm, the vertical direction is "T04 nmm", and the rear horizontal direction is "T06 nmm". For this reason, the direction of the rotary tool mounting part 43 can be designated by the surface index number,
Since it is not necessary to add another parameter for specifying the direction, the NC machining program is simplified.

Next, the tool correction values of the rotary tool RT and the fixed tool BT will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a tool correction value of the rotary tool RT mounted on the rotary tool mounting unit 43. The tool correction value Ox in the X-axis direction is a distance in the X-axis direction between the cutting edge and the central axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43. However, the value of the tool correction value Ox is a value twice as large as the actual distance because the value is displayed as a diameter. In the case of the rotating tool RT, Ox is usually 0. The tool correction value Oz in the Z-axis direction is a distance in the Z-axis direction between the cutting edge and the tip surface (gauge line) of the rotary tool mounting portion 43. The distance A in the Z-axis direction from the center line of the turning shaft 42 to the gauge line is a unique dimension of the turret 41 and is stored in the parameter memory 17 in the NC device 1.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing tool correction values of the fixed tool BT mounted on the rotary tool mounting section 43. The tool correction value Ox in the X-axis direction is a distance in the X-axis direction between the cutting edge and the central axis RC of the rotary tool mounting portion 43. However, the tool offset value O
The value of x is twice as large as the actual distance because the value is indicated by the diameter.
The tool correction value Oz in the Z axis direction is determined by the cutting edge and the rotating tool mounting portion 43.
Is the distance in the Z-axis direction with respect to the tip surface (gauge line).
The distance A is as described above.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing tool correction values of the fixed tool BT mounted on the fixed tool mounting section 44. The tool correction value Ox in the X-axis direction is a distance in the X-axis direction between the cutting edge and the central axis FC of the fixed tool mounting portion 44. However, the tool offset value O
The value of x is twice as large as the actual distance because the value is indicated by the diameter.
The tool correction value Oz in the Z-axis direction is determined by the cutting edge and the fixed tool mounting portion 44.
Is the distance in the Z-axis direction with respect to the tip surface (gauge line).
The distance B in the Z-axis direction from the center line of the turning shaft 42 to the distal end surface of the fixed tool mounting portion 44, and the distance C in the X-axis direction between the center axis FC and the center axis RC are specific dimensions of the turret 41. And is stored in the parameter memory 17 in the NC device 1.

The tool correction values Ox and Oz are measured by the tool edge measuring device 6 provided on the headstock on the front side. The measurement of the tool correction value is performed with the tool center axis parallel to the Z axis and the cutting edge facing the front as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing conversion of tool correction values Ox and Oz by turning the turret 41. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 13, the tool correction values Ox and Oz in a state where the tool center axis is parallel to the Z axis and the cutting edge is directed to the front side (hereinafter, referred to as a front side horizontal state) are a tool cutting edge measuring device. 6 coincides with the tool correction value measured. The values of the tool correction values Ox and Oz in this state are set to Ox = P and Oz = Q, respectively. When the turret 41 is turned by 90 degrees to make the tool center axis parallel to the X axis (hereinafter referred to as a vertical state) as shown in the lower part of FIG. 13, the tool correction value O after turning is obtained.
x and Oz are Ox = 2Q and Oz = −P / 2. Since the tool correction value in the X-axis direction is expressed as a diameter, a coefficient (2) and a coefficient (1/2) are required in the conversion formula.

Similarly, a conversion formula when the turret turns from a vertical state to a horizontal state on the front side can be obtained. In addition, when a state in which the tool center axis is parallel to the Z axis and the cutting edge is directed to the back side is referred to as a back side horizontal state,
The conversion formula when turning from any state of the front horizontal state, the vertical state, and the rear horizontal state to another state can be similarly obtained.

For example, the conversion in the case of turning from the front horizontal state to the rear horizontal state will be described with reference to FIG. Tool correction value O in the front horizontal state at the top of FIG.
Let the values of x and Oz be Ox = P and Oz = Q, respectively.
When the turret 41 is turned by 180 degrees to be in a horizontal state on the back side as shown in the lower part of FIG.
x and Oz are Ox = -P and Oz = -Q.

FIG. 15 shows a tool correction value O for each turning state.
It is a figure which shows the conversion formula of x and Oz. When the turret 41 turns from one state to another state, the converted tool correction values Ox and Oz are obtained according to the conversion formulas in FIG. 15 and stored in the tool correction memory 16.

This conversion process is automatically performed by the T code processing program 142. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the conversion of the tool correction value when creating the NC machining program, and the program creation is simplified. Further, even when the turret 41 is manually turned, the conversion of the tool correction value is automatically performed, and the mismatch of the tool correction value due to the manual operation does not occur.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the processing of the T code processing program 142. When a T code appears in the NC machining program, the NC command processing program 1
41 calls the processing of the T code processing program 142. In the T code processing program 142, first, in the judgment 101, it is judged whether or not the surface index number of the T code is "07". If “07”, the process proceeds to processing 109,
Turn the turret 41 and rotate the tool post 45 as shown in FIG.
Indexing position. Then, in a process 110, the tool correction value of the fixed tool of the tool post 45 is set in the tool correction memory 16, and the process returns to the NC command processing program 141 which is the calling source.

If it is determined in step 101 that the surface index number of the T code is not "07", the flow advances to step 102 to match the tool number of the tool currently mounted on the specified tool mounting portion with the tool number of the T code. It is determined whether or not. If they match, the process proceeds directly to the next judgment 103, and if they do not match, the ATC (automatic tool change) operation is performed by processing 108 to automatically change to the tool specified by the T code.
Thereafter, the procedure proceeds to decision 103. Note that the ATC operation is performed with the T-code surface index number being "01" (in the case of the fixed tool mounting portion) and "02" (in the case of the rotating tool mounting portion), so that it is returned to the tool magazine side. The tool correction value of the tool is also converted according to the conversion formula in FIG. That is,
The tool correction value of the tool returned to the tool magazine is returned to the numerical value of the tool correction value obtained by measurement by the tool edge measuring device 6.

In the judgment 103, it is judged whether or not the surface index number of the T code is "01". If it is "01", the process proceeds to step 111, in which the turret 41 is turned to index the fixed tool mounting portion 44 into a horizontal state on the front side as shown in FIG. Then, in a process 112, the tool correction value of the tool mounted on the fixed tool mounting unit 44 is set in the tool correction memory 16, and the process returns to the calling source. At this time, the tool correction value is converted according to the conversion formula of FIG. Processing 1
08, the surface index number after the ATC operation is “0”
In the case of "1", the tool correction value is set as it is.

If it is determined in the judgment 103 that the surface index number of the T code is not "01", the flow advances to a judgment 104 to determine whether or not the surface index number of the T code is "02". If “02”, the process proceeds to processing 113, where the turret 41
Is turned to index the rotary tool mounting portion 43 into a horizontal state on the front side as shown in FIG. In step 114, the tool correction value of the tool mounted on the rotary tool mounting unit 43 is set in the tool correction memory 16. At this time, the tool correction value is converted according to the conversion formula of FIG. Then, return to the caller. If the surface index number after the ATC operation is "02" in the process 108, the tool correction value is set as it is.

If it is determined in the judgment 104 that the surface index number of the T code is not "02", the flow advances to a judgment 105 to determine whether or not the surface index number of the T code is "04". If “04”, the process proceeds to step 115, where the turret 41
Is turned to index the rotary tool mounting portion 43 in a vertical state as shown in FIG. Then, in process 116, the rotary tool mounting unit 43
Is set in the tool correction memory 16. At this time, the tool correction value is converted according to the conversion formula of FIG. Then, return to the caller.

If it is determined in the judgment 105 that the surface index number of the T code is not "04", the flow advances to a judgment 106 to determine whether or not the surface index number of the T code is "06". If “06”, the process proceeds to step 117, where the turret 41
Is turned to index the rotary tool mounting portion 43 into a horizontal state on the rear side as shown in FIG. Then, in step 118, the tool correction value of the tool mounted on the rotary tool mounting unit 43 is set in the tool correction memory 16. At this time, the tool correction value is converted according to the conversion formula of FIG. Then, return to the caller.

If it is determined in step 106 that the surface index number of the T code is not "06", an alarm signal indicating that the surface index number is inappropriate is output in step 107, and the process returns to the calling source.

As described above, by designating the surface index numbers of the T code as "02", "04", and "06", the rotary tool mounting part 43 can be set in the front horizontal state, the vertical state,
It can be indexed into three types of horizontal state on the back side,
The NC machining program is simplified. Further, since the tool correction values are automatically converted and stored in accordance with the respective index positions, the NC machining program is simplified. Also, only one tool edge measuring device needs to be provided,
The cost of machine tools can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the apparatus for controlling the X-axis direction by the diameter display has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The apparatus may be controlled by the radius display. In that case, the coefficients of "2" and "1/2" are lost in the conversion formula, and only the code conversion is performed. Furthermore, the turning center in which the tool rest moves in the X-axis and Z-axis directions is described, but the front headstock and the tool rest, and the rear spindle head and the tool rest are relatively moved in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, respectively. Any machine tool having a movable configuration may be used.

A machine tool having no rear headstock may be used. Furthermore, the tool rest may be a machine tool that is relatively movable with respect to the headstock in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. In addition, although it has been described that the axis of the turning axis of the turret is provided in the Y-axis direction, any turret having an axis of the turning axis in a direction parallel to the XY axis plane may be used.

[0057]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

Since the tool mounting portion and its angle are selected by the surface index number, the same tool mounting portion can be indexed at a plurality of angles, so that the NC machining program can be simplified and mistakes in program creation can be avoided. Less.

Since the tool correction value is automatically converted according to the angle of the tool mounting portion, the NC machining program is simplified, and errors in creating the program are reduced. In addition, when the turret is manually turned, the conversion of the tool correction value is automatically performed, and the mismatch of the tool correction value due to the manual operation does not occur. Further, only one tool edge measuring device needs to be provided, and the cost of the machine tool can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a machining area of a turning center as a machine tool to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an NC device that controls a turning center.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating processing of a T-code processing program.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a case where a front workpiece is machined by a fixed tool mounted on a fixed tool mounting portion.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a case where an end of a workpiece on a front side is machined by a rotary tool mounted on a rotary tool mounting unit;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a case where an outer peripheral portion of a workpiece on a front side is machined by a rotary tool mounted on a rotary tool mounting portion.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a case in which a workpiece on the front side is processed by a fixing tool of a tool post.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a case where an outer peripheral portion of a workpiece on a back side is machined by a rotary tool mounted on a rotary tool mounting portion.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a case where a workpiece on the back side is machined by a fixed tool mounted on a rotary tool mounting unit.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a tool correction value of a rotary tool mounted on a rotary tool mounting unit.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a tool correction value of a fixed tool mounted on the rotary tool mounting unit.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating tool correction values of a fixed tool mounted on a fixed tool mounting unit.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating conversion of a tool correction value by turning a turret.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating another example of the conversion of the tool correction value.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a conversion formula of a tool correction value according to each turning state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... NC apparatus 2 ... X-axis motor 3 ... Z-axis motor 5 ... B-axis motor 6 ... Tool edge measuring device 11 ... CPU 12 ... Bus 13 ... ROM 14 ... RAM 15 ... NC machining program memory 16 ... Tool correction memory 17 ... Parameter memory 18 Display means 19 Input means 41 Turret 42 Revolving axis 43 Rotating tool mounting part 44 Fixed tool mounting part 45 Tool post RT Rotating tool BT Fixed tool RC Central axis FC Central axis Ox ... Tool correction value Oz ... Tool correction value W1 ... Workpiece W2 ... Workpiece 38a ... Front chuck 38b ... Front spindle 39a ... Backside chuck 39b ... Front spindle

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3C046 NN02 NN06 NN07 5H269 AB02 AB03 AB05 AB06 AB31 BB08 CC01 CC17 EE05 EE08 EE11 EE29 FF07 GG02 JJ18 QC01 QD02 QD03 QE01 QE11

Claims (6)

[Claims] A rotary tool (RT) for processing a workpiece by rotating with a fixed tool mounting portion (44) for detachably mounting a fixed tool (BT) for processing a rotating workpiece. A turret (41) having a rotary tool mounting portion (43) for detachably mounting the turret (41) is a numerical control method for controlling a machine tool provided with a tool rest provided indexably. A tool selection command for selecting a tool by determining a surface index number and a tool number, and the fixed tool mounting unit (4
4) and one of the rotary tool mounting parts (43) is selected, and the angle of the selected tool mounting part is selected. The numerical control that selects the tool to be mounted on the selected tool mounting part according to the tool number Method. 2. The numerical control method according to claim 1, wherein the fixed tool (BT) or the rotary tool (RT) mounted on the fixed tool mounting section (44) or the rotary tool mounting section (43). The offset amount of the cutting edge position from the predetermined reference position is stored as a tool correction value for each tool, and the tool correction value of the tool selected by the tool number is changed by the tool selected by the surface index number. A numerical control method that converts the angle in accordance with the angle of the mounting unit to obtain a new tool correction value. 3. A rotary tool (RT) for processing a workpiece by rotating with a fixed tool mounting part (44) for detachably mounting a fixed tool (BT) for processing a rotating workpiece. And a rotary tool mounting portion (43) for detachably mounting the turret (41). The turret (41) is a numerical control device for controlling a machine tool provided with a tool rest indexably provided. An indexing drive motor (5) for indexing the tool, and an offset amount of a cutting edge position of a tool mounted on the fixed tool mounting portion (44) or the rotary tool mounting portion (43) from a predetermined reference position. The index drive motor (5) is driven by a tool correction memory (16) stored as a correction value for each tool, and a tool selection command for selecting a tool, and the turret (41) The fixed tool mounting portion (44) or the rotating tool mounting portion (43) is indexed in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft of the machine tool or in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft, and the fixed tool mounting portion (44) is determined. Or a tool control means (142) for controlling to convert the tool correction value for the tool mounted on the rotary tool mounting section (43) according to the indexing direction. 4. The numerical controller according to claim 3, wherein the tool selection command is capable of distinguishing between the indexing of the rotary tool mounting section (43) and the indexing of the fixed tool mounting section (44). Numerical control device which is a simple command. 5. The numerical controller according to claim 3, wherein said machine tool comprises a front spindle (38b) and a rear spindle (39).
b) the tool selection command is a numerical control device capable of distinguishing between indexing on the front spindle (38b) side and indexing on the back spindle (39b) side. . 6. The numerical control device according to claim 3, wherein the turret (41) is provided with the fixed tool mounting part (44).
And the rotary tool mounting portion (43) are provided in directions different from each other by 180 degrees, and the rotary tool mounting portion (43) has a center axis thereof and a rotation indexing center line of the turret (41) substantially. Numerical control devices that are arranged to intersect.