JP2893536B2 - Numerical control method - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerical control method for a machine tool that performs multi-axis simultaneous driving, and particularly to a machine in which a tool axis is inclined with respect to three orthogonal axes. The present invention relates to a numerical control method that enables an operator to move a tool safely with a simple operation.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a simultaneous 5-axis control machine tool or the like having a function of tilting a tool axis with respect to three orthogonal axes (X, Y, Z axes), a numerical control device If automatic operation by the tool is interrupted and the operator needs to move the tool, specify the tool axis feed or the tool axis perpendicular feed and use the manual feed handle (MPG) function to generate a pulse. Based on this, the numerical control device generates a composite feed command in the tool axis direction or the direction perpendicular to the tool axis to move the tool.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, two spindles aiming to move two tools in parallel with each other or to move one tool axisymmetrically with the other tool by a command from one numerical control device. In a 5-axis machine having a head and a parallel control as schematically shown in FIG. 1, an operator moves a tool,
In order to use the manual feed handle function,
When the axial directions of the two tools do not always match, and when the axial directions of the two tools do not match, one manual feed handle operation must cause the two tools to move independently and differently. Therefore, there is a difficult problem in the internal processing of the numerical control device, and there is no appropriate means for the operator to move the tool. (X in FIG. 1, the orthogonal coordinate axes of Y _1, Z ₁ is NO.1 spindle head, the A _1, B ₁ is the rotation axis, the axial direction of the O ₁ P ₁ the tool, P ₁ is the tool tip Similarly, X, Y ₂ and Z ₂ are N
O.2 The orthogonal coordinate axes of the spindle head, A ₂ and B ₂ indicate the rotation axes, O ₂ P ₂ indicates the axial direction of the tool, and P ₂ indicates the tool tip. As a similar problem, in a machine tool driven simultaneously by two axes or simultaneously driven by three axes, as shown in FIG. 2, a universal angle head 20 for inclining an axis of a tool 30 with respect to a main shaft 10 or an angle head having a fixed angle. When the machining is interrupted due to the breakage of the tool, etc., when the machining is performed by attaching the tool using
A precise combined feed in the tool axis direction or the direction perpendicular to the tool axis cannot be made, and there is a problem that it is difficult to move the tool.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a parallel-controlled 5-axis machine in which two spindle heads are controlled by one numerical controller, or a fixed angle for tilting a tool axis to a spindle. For machine tools that are difficult to make a composite feed in the tool axis direction or the tool axis perpendicular direction with manual handle feed, such as a machine tool with two- or three-axis simultaneous drive with an angle head or universal angle head attached, An object of the present invention is to provide a numerical control method that enables an operator to safely move a tool with a simple operation.

A numerical control method according to the present invention is a numerical control method for a machine tool that performs simultaneous driving of multiple axes, and includes a moving data input by an MDI (manual data input) means. A first step of reading a macro instruction designating data such as a direction, a movement amount, and a feed speed as arguments; a second step of checking whether or not the state of the machine is in a state where the tool can be moved; A third step of saving the state of the machine before moving to return to the state of the machine before moving after moving, and a step for checking whether or not the multi-spindle spindle can be moved by one command. A fourth step of checking the phase difference, which is the difference between the rotational positions of the tool axis of the axis with respect to the respective rotary axes, and enabling the feed rate override switch by the macro instruction And Mel fifth step Rashi, a sixth step of instructing to set the value of the override to zero, a seventh step of checking that the value of the override is zeroed, after the seventh step,
And an eighth step of moving the tool at a feed rate determined by operating the override switch.

(Operation) In the numerical control method of the present invention, when an operator moves a tool of a machine tool that performs multi-axis simultaneous driving by manual operation, data such as a moving direction, a moving amount, and a feed speed are designated as arguments by MDI means. A macro command is input, and a movement command for tool movement is created by the macro command.
When executing a move command, check whether the multi-spindle spindle can be moved by one command, and confirm that it can be moved.After that, the override switch of the feed speed is enabled. After the initial value is set to zero, the movement command is executed, and the tool is moved at a feed speed determined according to the operation of the override switch by the operator.

(Example) Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing performed by the numerical control method of the present invention. In the same figure, steps ST ₁ , ST ₈₂ , ST ₁₁ , S
T _12, ST ₁₄ shows a step in which processes are performed with the operation input by the operator. Step ST ₁ from the MDI device operator macroinstruction be inputting a G65 P9850 Z ± xxFyy; is type ...; ... or G65 P9850 Z ± xxFyyANkk; ... or G65 P9850 Z ± xxFyyAuu. ,, G65 P9850 indicates the name of the program executed by this macro instruction,
Z indicates the amount of movement in the tool axis direction, and ± indicates the direction of movement. F indicates the feed speed. xx and yy indicate the designated values of the moving amount and the feed speed, respectively. Is a macro command used in the case of a numerical control device of a 5-axis machine, and is a macro command used in a case where an angle head is attached to a main shaft of a 3-axis control machine tool and a tool axis is tilted. Indicates the angle head and specifies the number of the angle head used in kk. The inclination of the angle head of the corresponding number is stored in advance in the storage unit of the numerical controller.
Is a macro command used when a universal angle head is attached to the main axis of a three-axis control machine tool and the tool axis is tilted. A indicates the tilt angle, and uu specifies the tilt angle. . Step ST ₂ is a step machine of the state to check whether the state can move the tool, go to the step ST ₁₆ when the movement is impossible, step
Alarm processing is carried out in ST _16. Step ST ₃ is a step of the operator to save the current machine state again in order to return the current to the machine state (coordinate position of the tool in the absolute coordinate system, etc.) after moving the tool. Step ST ₄ is parallel control to move the two principal axes in one of the numerical controller 5
This is a step executed in the spindle machine, and the phase difference, which is the difference between the rotational angular positions of each of the two tool axes with respect to each rotational axis, is checked whether the two spindles can be moved by one command. Step ST ₅ is X from the current position of the tool, Y, and calculates the amount of movement of Z axes X, Y, Z
This is a step of creating a movement command for the drive device of each axis. Step ST ₇ is a step to enable the override switch, so that the override is applied to the feed rate by this step. Step ST ₈
Is a step value of override it is checked whether or not zero, step ST ₉ calm when it is zero, go to Supppu ST ₈₁ when it is not zero. Indication message is displayed, as in step ST ₈₁ the display device sets the value of the override to zero. The operator in the step ST ₈₂ goes to step ST ₈ to cycle start pressing the cycle start button after setting the value of the override switch to zero. Instructs message to operate the override switch to step ST ₉ in the display. The operator in step ST ₁₁ the execution of movement command that you created in step ST ₅ to cycle start pressing the cycle start button is started. Operator in step ST ₁₂ operates the override switch, the tool is moved at a feed speed according to the operation. Complete movement of the tool display the movement completion message at step ST ₁₃ is displayed. Step ST ₁₄ in the operator presses a cycle start button of confirmation. Step ST ₁₅ in step ST ₃ ends the return process to the state of the saved machine.

FIG. ₄ is a flowchart showing details of the processing performed in step ST4 of FIG. In the figure, the steps
Investigated whether NO.1 spindle head of the two principal axes to be SB ₁ in parallel control is selected, when proceeds to step SB ₂ that NO.1 spindle head is selected, NO.1 spindle head is selected go to step SB ₂₁ when to not. In step SB _2, investigated whether NO.2 spindle head is selected, when NO.2 spindle head is not selected, the process ends as only NO.1 spindle head is selected, NO.2 two of the spindle head when the spindle head is selected, the flow goes to step SB ₃ as being selected. Step SB ₃ In NO.2 spindle is checked whether adapted to the mirror (axisymmetric) operation to NO.1 spindle, N
When the O.2 spindle is not performing the mirror operation, it is determined that the NO.2 spindle is operating in parallel with the NO.1 spindle.
SB ₄ calm, go to step SB ₄₂ when NO.2 spindle is performing a mirror operation with respect to NO.1 spindle. Step SB ₄
If the the two principal axes are parallel operations, calculates NO.1 of the rotation axis A ₁ axis, the rotation axis A ₂ axes B ₁ axis and NO.2, when phase difference between the B ₂ axes . Step SB phase difference of the rotation axis A-axis and B-axis at calculated in step SB ₄ and step SB _{42 5} performs a check whether the allowable range. That is, it is checked whether or not the two spindles can be moved based on one command. When it is within the allowable range, the process is terminated, and when it is not within the allowable range, an alarm process is performed in step ST16. NO.2 spindle head is examined to see if they were selected in the case of step SB ₂₁ is NO.1 spindle head not selected. NO.2 proceeds to step SB ₃₂ when only the selected spindle head, NO.1, step ST16 calm alarm processing is carried out when both of the spindle head NO.2 is not selected. See if the mirror command is made to step SB ₃₂ in NO.2 spindle, only NO.2 spindle when the mirror command is not issued by the processing ends are selected in parallel state, the mirror command Is displayed, only the No. 2 spindle is selected and the process is terminated, assuming that it is in the mirror state.

Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the numerical control method of the present invention, a 5-axis machine of parallel control for moving two spindles by one numerical control device and an angle head for tilting a tool axis to the spindle are attached. Even in a machine such as a three-axis control, when machining is interrupted due to a tool breakage or the like and the operator needs to move the tool, the operator inputs a macro command using the MDI device and an override switch. It is possible to safely move the tool with a simple operation of only the operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a 5-axis machine of parallel control, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example in which a universal angle head is attached to a main shaft,
Figure 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing performed by the numerical control method of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing of the processing step ST ₄ in the flowchart of FIG. 3 in more detail.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A numerical control method for a machine tool which performs multi-axis simultaneous driving, comprising: a macro for designating data such as a moving direction, a moving amount, and a feed speed inputted by MDI (manual data input) means as arguments. A first step of reading a command, a second step of checking whether the state of the machine is in a state in which the tool can be moved, and a movement to return to the state of the machine before the operator moves the tool after moving the tool. The third step of saving the state of the machine before it is performed, and the difference between the rotational positions of the multi-axis tool axis with respect to each rotary axis to check whether the multi-axis main axis can be moved by one command A fourth step of checking the phase difference, a fifth step of enabling the override switch of the feed speed by the macro instruction, and setting an override value to zero. And a seventh step for confirming that the override value has been set to zero, and after the seventh step, an eighth step for moving the tool at a feed rate determined by operating the override switch. And a step of executing the numerical control. 2. A multi-axis spindle head type five-axis machine in which two or more tools are driven in parallel or axisymmetrically by one numerical control device. The numerical control method according to claim 1, wherein: 3. A machine tool which performs simultaneous driving of multiple axes is a machine in which an angle head or a universal angle head for tilting a tool axis is attached to a main spindle of a machine tool which simultaneously drives two or more axes. Item (1).