JPH04129645A - Simultaneous processing method for numerical control lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the preparation of a work program by inserting a sign in the program when a 3rd cutting tool post work-supports 1st spindle or 2nd spindle. CONSTITUTION:A sign GXXX is commanded to perform feeding at two times the ordinary speed of a 1st cutting tool post 11 and a 3rd cutting tool post 30, after the rendezvous of a sign G701. Namely the sign GXXX is a command expressing a double feeding mode, and the feeding speed of double times the feeding command in the following work program is designated via a double feeding speed deciding circuit 59 from a CPU50, when the sign GXXX is read at a 1st train side. When the sign GXXX is read at a 3rd train side, the completely same one as the work program of the 1st train side is given from a spindle control 50 on the following moving command, the double times speed is given similarly on the following command as well and the same work as the 1st train side is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a method of operating a numerically controlled lathe. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of operating a numerically controlled lathe having two or more tool rests, in which two tool rests are linked and moved to realize simultaneous machining.

[Prior art] Some numerically controlled lathes have two headstocks movable in the Z-axis direction so that the chucks face each other on the spindle axis, and two tool rests corresponding to each headstock. is known. This lathe processes workpieces gripped by the chucks of the main spindle by controlling the movement of the corresponding tool rests in the x- and Z-axis directions by a numerical controller. Alternatively, in the case of a long workpiece, the two ends of the workpiece are gripped by opposing chucks, and the workpieces are machined by driving and controlling the respective tool rests in the same direction.

Further, a numerical control device is known that has two or more tool rests on one or two headstocks and processes a workpiece gripped by a chuck of the main spindle using the two tool rests.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In order to shorten the machining time in such a cutting device, it is conceivable to increase the feed rate.
There are limitations on drive mechanisms such as motors, and limitations on control. Furthermore, in order to realize this, costs will increase due to changes in the drive mechanism and increase in the size of the motor. In a numerically controlled lathe having two or more tool rests, machining time can be shortened by simultaneous machining using two or more tool rests.

However, when machining one workpiece at the same time on a numerically controlled lathe with two or more turrets, the programmer must create two or more programs and use commands such as M code commands to determine the timing of the wait. I'm taking it. That is, this is because the machining times between the double-edged sheds do not match. The timing of this meeting requires advanced programming techniques. This invention achieves the following problems based on the above technical background.

An object of the present invention is to provide a simultaneous machining method for a numerically controlled lathe having a plurality of turrets, in which a machining program can be easily created and requires a small program capacity.

[Means and effects for solving the above-mentioned problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, the present invention takes the following means.

The following means is applied to a numerically controlled lathe having one spindle and two turrets.

A bed (1) constituting the main body, a first headstock (2) provided on the bed (1), and a first spindle (22) rotatably supported within the first headstock (2). And this first
The first spindle motor (4) for rotationally driving the spindle (22)
), the movement on the bed (1) is controlled and mainly the first
A first turret (11) attached to the spindle (22) for machining the workpiece; and a first turret (11) that is linked with the first turret (11) and controlled to move on the bed (1) to process the workpiece. a second tool rest (30) for supporting the first tool rest;
In a numerically controlled lathe comprising a tool rest (11) and a numerical control device for controlling the movement of the second tool rest (30), the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30) are provided.
0) before simultaneously processing the workpiece, the first
After the machining process by the tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30) is completed, the same code is inserted into the machining program in the numerical control device to wait until the machining of the other tool rest is completed. When the same code is read by the numerical control device, they wait for each other, and after this waiting, the machining start time is made the same, and the workpiece is transferred to the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30). This is a simultaneous machining method using a numerically controlled lathe in which the workpiece is simultaneously machined by the following methods.

The simultaneous machining is performed by doubling the machining speed of the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30) so that the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30) are completely It is effective when applied to a simultaneous machining method that supports machining by moving along the same coordinate trajectory and performing the same machining.

Furthermore, the simultaneous machining is performed by doubling the depth of cut of the first tool rest (11> and the second tool rest (30)).
It is effective to apply this method to a simultaneous machining method in which the tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30) move on exactly the same coordinate locus and perform the same machining to support the machining.

The present invention can also be applied to the next type of numerically controlled lathe having two spindles and three turrets instead of the numerically controlled lathe.

A bed (1) constituting the main body, a first headstock (2) provided on the bed (1), and a first spindle (22) rotatably supported within the first headstock (2). And this first
The first spindle motor (4) for rotationally driving the spindle (22)
), a second headstock (5) provided on the bed (1) facing the first headstock (2), and a second headstock (5) rotatably supported within the second headstock (5). a second main shaft (23);
A second spindle motor (9) for rotationally driving this second spindle (23), and a second spindle motor (9) for controlling the movement on the bed (1) and mainly machining the workpiece attached to the first spindle (22). a first tool rest (11), a second tool rest (20) for machining a workpiece that is controlled to move on the bed (1) and is mainly attached to the second spindle (23); a third tool rest (30) that is linked with the first tool rest (11) or the second tool rest (20) and is controlled to move on the bed (1) to support machining of the work;
In a numerically controlled compound lathe comprising a numerical control device for controlling movement of a tool rest (11), the second tool rest (20), and the third tool rest (30), the first tool rest (11) and The third tool rest (30) or the second tool rest (20) and the third tool rest (30)
In order to simultaneously process the workpiece by the first tool rest (11) or the second tool rest (20), after the machining process is completed by the other first tool rest (11>) or the second tool rest (20), the first tool rest (11')-2 the second tool rest. storing the same code in the numerical control device in the machining programs of the table (20) and the third tool post (30);
This is a simultaneous machining method using a numerical control device in which when the programs with the same code are read by the numerical control device, they wait for each other, and by this waiting, the machining start times are matched, and the workpieces are simultaneously machined.

The simultaneous machining is performed by doubling the machining speed of the first turret (11), the second turret (20), and the third turret (30), and Turret (2)
0) and the second tool rest (20) and the third tool rest (3
0) moves along exactly the same coordinate locus and performs the same machining to support the machining.

Furthermore, the simultaneous machining is performed by doubling the depth of cut of the first tool rest (11), the second tool rest (20), and the third tool rest (20>). It is even more effective when applied to a simultaneous machining method in which two turrets (20) or the second turret (20) and the third turret (30) move in exactly the same coordinate axes and perform the same machining to support machining. It is.

[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
Figure (a) is a plan view of the numerically controlled compound lathe, Figure 1 (b) is a front view of Figure 1 (a), and Figure 1 (c) is a side view of Figure 1 (b). Bed Reference numeral 1 denotes a base that constitutes the main body, and is made of cast metal, steel, etc. A first headstock 2 is provided at one end of the bed 1. This first headstock 2
cannot be moved on bed 1. A first spindle 22 is rotatably supported within the first spindle stock 2 .

A first chuck 3 is integrally provided at the tip of the first main shaft 22. The first chuck 3 is for gripping a workpiece. The first main shaft 22 is a first main shaft motor 4
Rotationally driven by.

This first main shaft 22 is capable of rotation index control. This indexing control can be achieved by controlling the first spindle motor 4, or
This is done by providing another indexing motor. A second headstock 5 is provided on the bed 1 at a position facing the first headstock 2 . The second headstock 5 is provided so as to be movable on the inclined guide surface 7 on the bed 1.

This drive is performed by the Z2 servo motor 6 via a feed screw (not shown). This direction of movement is here Z
It is called 2-axis. A second main spindle 23 is rotatably provided within the second main spindle 5.

A second chuck 8 is provided at the tip of the second main shaft 23. The second main shaft 23 is rotationally driven by the second main shaft motor 9.

On the bed 1, there is a first carriage 1 that moves in the direction of the spindle axis.
3 is provided. A first cross slide 14 is provided on the carriage 13 and moves in a direction perpendicular to the spindle axis. A first tool post 11 having a hexagonal turret 15 is provided on the first cross slide 14 . The first carriage 13 has a horizontal guide surface 12 on the bed 1.
The top is driven to be fed by a Zl servo motor 10 in an axis (Zl) direction parallel to the first main shaft 22 (see FIG. 2). This feed drive is movably controlled by a feed drive (not shown) connected to the Z1 servo motor 10.

Furthermore, the first cross slide 14 is arranged in the X1 axis direction perpendicularly crossing the Z1 axis, that is, the first chuck 3
is driven in the radial direction of the work gripped. This drive is controlled by the X1 servo motor 17 via a feed screw (not shown).The turret body 15 has a hexagonal shape, and 12 tool mounting surfaces are formed on its outer periphery. Therefore, the number of tools that can be attached is 12. On the bed 1, a second tool rest 20 is further provided on the same horizontal guide surface 12, facing the first tool rest 11.

The structure of the second tool rest 20 is symmetrical and substantially the same as the first tool rest 11, and the function is also substantially the same except for the direction of the axis, so a description thereof will be omitted. However, the second tool rest 20 cannot be moved in the direction of the spindle axis. The third tool rest 30 is a tool rest provided on the front side of the bed 1.

A vertical guide surface 31 is formed on the front surface of the bed 1.

A third carriage 32 is movably provided on the vertical guide surface 31. The third carriage 32 has a Z3 servo motor 3
3.

A feed screw 34 is directly connected to the output shaft of the z3 servo motor 33, and is driven by the feed screw 34 in a direction parallel to the axis of the 1st and 2nd main shafts. On the third carriage 32, the third
A cross slide 35 is provided so as to be movable on the X3 guide surface in the X3 axis direction. This drive in the X3 direction is driven by the X3 servo motor 3 via a ball screw (not shown).
6. On the third cross slide 35,
A turret body 37 is provided.

Six tools are attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical third turret body 37. The third tool rest 30 is intended to support processing of the first tool rest 11 and the second tool rest 20. On the front side of the second headstock 5, there are operated the first tool rest 11, the second tool rest 20, the third tool rest 30, and a numerical control device 41 (see FIG. 3) for controlling the second head rest 5. A board 40 is provided at the front.

Axis Configuration Below, the names of each axis used in this embodiment will be defined according to FIG. As is clear from the above explanation, the movement of the workpiece in the radial direction is carried out along the X-axis,
The movement in the axial direction is defined as the Z axis. When the second headstock 5 facing the first headstock 2 moves in the direction of the spindle axis, it is referred to as the Z2 axis. Based on these principles, the X and Z axes are XI and Zl in the first turret 11, and X2 and Zl in the second turret 20, respectively.
In the third tool rest 30, X3. It is called Z3.

Define the axis name as described above. Furthermore, the first tool rest 11
The machining of the first spindle 22 by this is called the first series, and the axes controlled are Xl and Zl of the first tool post 11. Similarly, the second series is processing of the second spindle 23 by the second tool rest 20, and the X2. Z2 is controlled, and the third series is the third tool rest 30
axis X3. Z3 is controlled. The third tool rest 30
Machining support is provided by switching between machining support for the main spindle 22 and machining support for the second main spindle 23. As mentioned above (XI and Zl
), (X2 and 22), (X3 and 23), and the rotations of the respective main axes are controlled by interpolation with each other by the function of the numerical control device.

Branch' and summer prefecture! Yodo: Normally, a T code is used to specify a tool in a program, but in this example, the first tool rest 11 is TO100~, and the second tool rest 20 is T2100~. The third tool rest 30 uses two T codes. When supporting the first spindle 22, use T510O~, that is, use the T code of 5100, and number the tool with the last two digits to identify it, and similarly, when supporting the second spindle 23, use 77100~, i.e. Use the T code number 7100.

Therefore, unless the programmer makes a mistake in this T code, the programmer can move the first spindle 2 without considering the index position of the tool.
2. A machining support program for the second spindle 23 can be created freely.

3. What is shown in FIG. 3 is a system block diagram showing the functions of the numerical control device 41. The main control unit 50 is a central processing unit that controls the entire numerical control device 41. Main control unit 5
0 is connected to input/output devices, various calculation units, data creation units, memory, various sensors, etc. via a bus 51, and controls these in an integrated manner. The display device 52 is connected to a display device such as a CRT, and an input device such as a keyboard 53. The input/output device 54 is a known human output device for inputting information from an information medium such as a paper tape or a floppy disk or outputting to a storage medium or a print medium.

The machining area calculation unit 55 is for performing data and calculations for determining the machining order of the workpiece, tools, and the like. Further, the machining area calculation unit 55 also stores data and performs arithmetic processing for determining the machining area that actually needs to be cut based on the material shape and finished shape. The processing support determination unit 56 is for determining whether or not the third tool rest 30 needs to support the workpiece being processed by the first chuck 3 of the first spindle 22 or the second chuck 8 of the second spindle 23. This is where the data and arithmetic processing are performed.

The machining program memory 58 is a memory that stores and holds all NC machining programs, including a first series, a second series,
They are stored separately in the third series. These contents are read out and processed according to commands from the main control section 50. The double feed speed determination circuit 59 doubles the speed command when the double feed mode is commanded in simultaneous machining of the first series and the third series or the second series and the third series, and doubles the speed command. Amount determining circuit 60
In this case, when the double depth of cut mode is commanded during the simultaneous machining, the depth of cut is doubled as specified.

The switches 62 are switches for each moving part for instructing the programmable controller 63. The programmable controller 63 is a programmable sequence controller 1 to roller for controlling hydraulic equipment of a machine tool. The sensor 64 is a sensor provided in each part of the machine, and is used to confirm the operation and position of each part. Information from the sensor 64 is detected by the main control unit 50 via the programmable controller 63.

The turret control unit 65 controls the first turret 11 and the second turret 20.
, performs indexing control of the third tool rest 30, etc. ROM70
is for storing data and programs for operating the main control unit 50. The RAM 71 is a memory that temporarily stores and holds data while the input/output device 54, main control unit 50, etc. are operating. The first tool rest 11, the second tool rest 20, the third tool rest 30, the second headstock 5, etc. are controlled and driven via the axis control section 73 and the servo amplifier 74.

The axis control unit 73 is commanded from the main control unit 50 through the axis movement calculation unit 72 with data for axis movement, interpolation data, movement speed, movable area, correction data, etc. The spindle control circuit 75 is a synchronous control circuit for controlling the first spindle drive unit 76 and the second spindle drive unit 77 so that they rotate synchronously when both rotate synchronously. The first and second spindle motors 4 and 9 perform synchronous rotation via the spindle control circuit 75 in response to a command from the main control section 50.

Similarly to the first rotary tool and the second rotary tool provided in the first tool rest 11 and the second tool rest 20, the first main spindle 22 and the second main spindle 23 are controlled by commands from the main control section 50 as necessary. Performs synchronous rotation. This synchronous control function is used when cutting threads, etc.

Alignment and Feed Speed Machining Cutting Machining Hereinafter, in order to help the understanding of the present invention, the waiting, double feeding machining, and double cutting machining will be explained while showing processing examples of sample workpieces. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a sample work. FIG. 5 shows processing details and processing time charts for each series. As described above, the first series is a program for machining the workpiece of the first spindle 22 by the first tool post 11. The second series is processing of a workpiece by the second main spindle 23 using the second tool post 20.

The third series is processing support for the first spindle 22 or the second spindle 23 by the third tool post 20.

G-code queuing means the following: The G900 series is used for waiting between the 1st and 2nd series, the 0800 series is used for the 2nd and 3rd series, the 0700 series is used for the 1st and 3rd series, the 0700 series is used for the 1st series, the 2nd series, and the 3rd series. The series is 6600 series. As shown in FIG. 5, if it is the first series G701, it means that the first series and the third series are waiting. The 1 at the end indicates the order of this waiting. The third series also has the same G701. If there is this program, even if one machining is completed, the execution of the programs will be stopped at the same code position and wait until the other machining is completed.

In this example, after this meeting of G701, the first tool rest 1
G XXX is commanded to feed the first and third tool rests 30 at twice the normal speed. In other words, G XXX is a command representing double feed mode, and on the first system side, G
When XX is read, the CPU 50 outputs a feed rate that is twice the feed command in the following machining program to the double feed rate determination circuit 5.
9. When G XXX is read on the third system side, the following movement commands are given by the spindle control 50 exactly the same as the machining program on the first system side, and the following commands are also given twice the speed. Perform the same processing as on the first line side. Furthermore, when performing double cutting support machining in the cutting direction after waiting for G701, G A
Command AA (see Figure 6). That is, GAAA
When commanded, a depth of cut twice as large as the depth of cut commanded by the machining program is instructed by the main control section 50 via the double depth of cut determination circuit 60.

GAAA for the first and second series means the shape and various condition settings. That is, N×××...sequence number.

P○○○: Sequence N for starting shape specification.

Q×××: Sequence No. of end of shape specification.

U: Finishing allowance (X direction) W: Finishing allowance (Z direction) D: Depth of cut F: On the third feed line side, GBBB is commanded in response to the GAAA. That is, when G BBB is commanded, the main control unit 50 commands the third train to use exactly the same machining program as the first train, and the depth of cut θ is also doubled, allowing simultaneous machining with the first train. go.

Above, we have explained the waiting, double feed machining, and double cut machining between the first and third series, but as is clear from the above description, it may be between the second and third series. do not have.

[Other Examples] The first headstock 2 of the above example is fixed to the bed without moving. In addition, the second headstock 5 and the second tool rest 20
Although the movement is only in the − axis, the second headstock 5 may be fixed, or the second tool rest 20 may be moved in two axial directions. Further, although the above-mentioned tool rest has three tool rests and two main spindles, as is clear from the above description, the present invention can also be achieved with one main shaft and two tool rests.

In the embodiment of the numerical control device, when entering the double feed mode, the feed speed is doubled via the double feed speed determination circuit 59 and the double depth of cut determination circuit 60.

However, if a double speed command is issued for the feed amount and depth of cut in the machining program without using the determination circuits 59 and 60, the
The axis movement calculation section 72 may be instructed to automatically rewrite the value twice.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the present invention enables simultaneous machining by inserting a code into the program when the third tool post supports machining of the first spindle or the second spindle, and Since the speed or depth of cut can be doubled, the simultaneous machining program is simple and simultaneous machining can be performed at twice the speed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1(a) is a front view of a numerically controlled compound lathe, Figure 1(b)
) is a plan view of Fig. 1(a), and Fig. 1(C) is a plan view of Fig. 1(a).
), Figure 2 is a diagram showing the names of each axis, Figure 3 is a functional block diagram showing an overview of the numerical control device, Figure 4 is a diagram showing machining samples, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing the machining of each series. A time chart showing the contents, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing double cutting processing. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Bed, 2... 1st headstock, 5... 2nd headstock, 6... Z2 servo motor, 11... 1st tool rest, 20... 2nd tool rest, 30...Third turret, 5
8... Machining program memory, 59... Double feed speed determination circuit, O... Double depth of cut determination circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A bed (1) constituting the main body, and this bed (1)
The first headstock (2) provided in the
), a first main shaft motor (4) for rotationally driving the first main shaft (22), and a main shaft that is controlled to move on the bed (1). a first tool rest (11) for machining a workpiece attached to the first spindle (22); A numerically controlled lathe comprising a second turret (30) for supporting machining of a workpiece, and a numerical control device for controlling movement of the first turret (11) and the second turret (30). In the step, before the work is simultaneously processed by the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30), the first tool rest (
11) Also, after the machining process by the second tool rest (30) is completed, the same code is inserted into the machining program in the numerical control device to wait until the machining of the other tool rest is completed, and the same code is When the data is read by the numerical control device, they wait for each other, and after this waiting, the machining start time is made the same, and the workpiece is transferred to the workpiece by the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30). A simultaneous machining method using a numerically controlled lathe, which is characterized by simultaneously machining workpieces. 2. In claim 1, the simultaneous machining is performed by doubling the machining speed of the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30). (30
) move along exactly the same coordinate trajectory and perform the same machining to support machining. 3. In claim 1, the simultaneous machining is performed by doubling the depth of cut of the first tool rest (11) and the second tool rest (30), and (30
) move along exactly the same coordinate trajectory and perform the same machining to support machining. 4. The bed (1) that makes up the main body and this bed (1)
The first headstock (2) provided in the
), a first main shaft motor (4) for rotationally driving the first main shaft (22), and a first main shaft (22) rotatably supported within the bed (1); Stand (2)
a second headstock (5) provided opposite to the second headstock (5); and a second main spindle (23) rotatably supported within the second headstock (5).
and a second spindle motor (9) for rotationally driving this second spindle (23), which is controlled to move on the bed (1) and mainly processes the workpiece attached to the first spindle (22). a first tool rest (11) for
the second tool rest (20) for processing a workpiece that is controlled to move above and is mainly attached to the second spindle (23); and the first tool rest (11) or the second tool rest (20). a third tool rest (30) that is controlled to move on the bed (1) in cooperation with the above bed (1) to support machining of the workpiece, the first tool rest (11), the second tool rest (20), and In a numerically controlled compound lathe including a numerical control device for controlling movement of the third tool rest (30), the first tool rest (11), the third tool rest (30), or the second tool rest (20) and the third turret (30)
For simultaneous machining of the workpiece by 20) and the same code is stored in the numerical control device in the machining program of the third tool post (30), and when this same code program is read by the numerical control device, they wait for each other, and this A simultaneous machining method using a numerical control device, in which the workpieces are simultaneously machined by matching machining start times by waiting. 5. In claim 4, the simultaneous processing includes the first tool rest (11), the second tool rest (20), and the third tool rest (
30) is doubled and the processing speed of the first tool rest (11) is doubled.
) and the third tool rest (20), or the second tool rest (
20) and the third tool post (30) move along exactly the same coordinate locus and perform the same machining to support the machining. 6. In claim 4, the simultaneous processing includes the first tool rest (11), the second tool rest (20), and the third tool rest (
20) by doubling the cutting depth of the first tool rest (11).
and the second tool rest (20) or the second tool rest (20)
) and the third tool rest (30) move in exactly the same coordinate axes and perform the same machining to support the machining.