WO2023110730A1 - Procede de captation de mercaptans mettant en œuvre une masse de captation macro et mesoporeuse - Google Patents
Procede de captation de mercaptans mettant en œuvre une masse de captation macro et mesoporeuse Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023110730A1 WO2023110730A1 PCT/EP2022/085352 EP2022085352W WO2023110730A1 WO 2023110730 A1 WO2023110730 A1 WO 2023110730A1 EP 2022085352 W EP2022085352 W EP 2022085352W WO 2023110730 A1 WO2023110730 A1 WO 2023110730A1
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- volume
- capture mass
- weight
- total pore
- pore volume
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021472 group 8 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 silica-aluminas Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012072 active phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004375 physisorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
- C10G25/003—Specific sorbent material, not covered by C10G25/02 or C10G25/03
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
- C10G25/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with ion-exchange material
- C10G25/03—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with ion-exchange material with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
- C10G25/05—Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of hydrotreating gasoline cuts, in particular gasoline cuts from fluidized bed catalytic cracking units. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for capturing compounds of the mercaptan type contained in hydrocarbon feedstocks in the presence of a specific capture mass.
- the specifications for automotive fuels provide for a sharp reduction in the sulfur content in these fuels, and in particular in gasolines. This reduction is intended to limit, in particular, the sulfur and nitrogen oxide content in automobile exhaust gases.
- the specifications currently in force in Europe since 2009 for gasoline fuels set a maximum sulfur content of 10 ppm by weight (parts per million). Such specifications are also in force in other countries such as the United States and China, for example, where the same maximum sulfur content has been required since January 2017. To achieve these specifications, it is necessary to treat gasoline with desulfurization processes.
- the main sources of sulfur in gasoline bases are so-called cracked gasolines, and mainly the gasoline fraction resulting from a catalytic cracking process of a residue from the atmospheric or vacuum distillation of a crude oil.
- the fraction of gasoline resulting from catalytic cracking which represents on average 40% of the gasoline bases, in fact contributes for more than 90% to the contribution of sulfur in gasolines. Consequently, the production of low-sulphur gasolines requires a stage of desulphurization of catalytic cracking gasolines.
- the other sources of gasolines which may contain sulfur mention should also be made of gasolines from coking, from visbreaking or, to a lesser extent, gasolines resulting from atmospheric distillation or gasolines from steam cracking.
- Recombinant mercaptan content can be reduced by catalytic hydrodesulphurization, but this leads to the hydrogenation of a large part of the mono-olefins present in the gasoline, which then leads to a sharp reduction in the index of gasoline octane as well as an overconsumption of hydrogen. It is also known that the loss of octane linked to the hydrogenation of mono-olefins during the hydrodesulphurization step is greater the lower the sulfur content targeted, that is to say that one seeks to eliminate in depth the sulfur compounds present in the load.
- this partially hydrodesulfurized gasoline by a judiciously chosen adsorption technique which will make it possible to eliminate both the sulfur compounds initially present in the cracked and unconverted gasolines and the recombination mercaptans, this without hydrogenating the mono-olefins present, in order to preserve the octane number.
- Patent US5,866,749 proposes a solution for eliminating elemental sulfur and the mercaptans contained in an olefin cut by passing the mixture to be treated over a reduced metal chosen from groups IB, IIB, 11 IA of the periodic table and implemented at a temperature below 37°C.
- Patent application US2003/0226786 presents a gasoline desulfurization process by adsorption as well as methods for regenerating the adsorbent.
- the adsorbent considered is any hydrotreating catalyst and more particularly the solids containing a group VIII metal alone or mixed with a group VI metal and containing between 2% and 20% by weight of group VIII metal.
- Patent FR2908781 discloses a process for capturing sulfur compounds from a partially desulfurized hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of an adsorbent comprising at least one metal from group VIII, IB, IIB or IVA, the adsorbent being implemented in reduced form in absence of hydrogen and at a temperature above 40°C.
- the Applicant has discovered, surprisingly, that it is possible to improve performance in a process for capturing mercaptans by using a capture mass that is both mesoporous and macroporous, coupled with a high specific surface, allowing to significantly increase the mercaptan retention capacity.
- the synergistic effect between the high specific surface and the particular porous distribution of the capture mass makes it possible on the one hand to ensure good dispersion of the metallic element within said mass of capture, and on the other hand to reduce the phenomena of limitation to the transfer of the sulfur compounds to be captured.
- the present invention relates to a process for capturing mercaptans contained in a hydrocarbon feed containing sulphur, optionally partially desulphurized from a catalytic hydrodesulphurization step, at a temperature between 40°C and 250°C, a pressure between 0 .2 MPa and 5 MPa, at an hourly volumetric speed, defined as the volume flow rate of inlet load by the volume of capture mass, between 0.1 h -1 and 50 h' 1 , in the presence of a mass capture comprising an active phase based on at least one metal from group VIII, IB or I IB, and a mesoporous and macroporous support, said support being chosen from the group consisting of alumina, silica, silica-alumina , and clays, said capture mass comprising a specific surface of between 120 m 2 /g and 350 m 2 /g, and:
- the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm corresponds between 40% and 70% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass
- the volume of macropores with a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm corresponds to between 30% and 60% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass.
- said capture mass comprises a specific surface of between 150 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g.
- the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm corresponds between 45% and 65% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass.
- the volume of the macropores with a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm corresponds to between 35% and 55% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass.
- the content of element from group VIII, IB or IIB is between 10 and 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- said group VIII, IB or IIB metal is chosen from nickel, copper or zinc.
- said metal is nickel.
- the content of aluminum and/or silicon elements of said capture mass is between 5 and 45% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass.
- said capture mass has a total pore volume, measured by mercury porosimetry, of between 0.1 mL/g and 0.7 mL/g.
- said hydrocarbon feedstock is a feedstock that has been partially desulfurized by a catalytic hydrodesulfurization step.
- said hydrocarbon feedstock to be treated is a partially desulfurized catalytic cracking gasoline having a boiling point below 350° C. and containing between 5% and 60% by weight of olefins and less than 100 ppm by weight of sulfur relative to the total weight of said charge.
- group VIII according to the CAS classification corresponds to the metals of columns 8, 9 and 10 according to the new IIIPAC classification.
- the BET specific surface is measured by physisorption with nitrogen according to standard ASTM D3663-03, method described in the work Rouquerol F.; Rouquerol J.; Singh K. “Adsorption by Powders & Porous Solids: Principle, methodology and applications”, Academic Press, 1999.
- micropores the pores whose diameter is less than 2 nm, that is to say 0.002 ⁇ m; by mesopores pores whose diameter is greater than 2 nm, ie 0.002 pm and less than 50 nm, ie 0.05 pm and by macropores pores whose diameter is greater than or equal to 50 nm , i.e. 0.05 ⁇ m.
- total pore volume (TPV) of the capture mass or of the support is understood to mean the volume measured by intrusion with a mercury porosimeter according to the ASTM D4284-83 standard at a maximum pressure of 4000 bar (400 MPa), using a surface tension of 484 dyne/cm and a contact angle of 140°.
- the wetting angle was taken as equal to 140° following the recommendations of the book “Engineering techniques, analysis and characterization treatise”, p.1050-5, written by Jean Charpin and Bernard Rasneur.
- the value of the total pore volume in ml/g given in the following text corresponds to the value of the total mercury volume (total pore volume measured by intrusion with a mercury porosimeter) in ml/g measured on the sample minus the mercury volume value in ml/g measured on the same sample for a pressure corresponding to 30 psi (approximately 0.2 MPa).
- the volume of macropores and mesopores is measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry according to ASTM D4284-83 at a maximum pressure of 4000 bar (400 MPa), using a surface tension of 484 dyne/cm and a contact angle of 140°.
- the value from which the mercury fills all the intergranular voids is fixed at 0.2 MPa, and it is considered that beyond that the mercury penetrates into the pores of the sample.
- the macroporous volume of the capture mass or of the support is defined as being the cumulative volume of mercury introduced at a pressure of between 0.2 MPa and 30 MPa, corresponding to the volume contained in the pores with an apparent diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm .
- the mesoporous volume of the capture mass or of the support is defined as being the cumulative volume of mercury introduced at a pressure of between 30 MPa and 400 MPa, corresponding to the volume contained in the pores with an apparent diameter greater than 2 nm and less than 50nm.
- the pore modes correspond to the inflection points of the function represented.
- the invention relates to a process for capturing mercaptans contained in a hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur, advantageously said feedstock having been partially desulfurized by a catalytic hydrodesulfurization step, in the presence of a capture mass.
- the process for capturing mercaptans is generally implemented at a temperature of between 40°C and 250°C, preferably between 100°C and 250°C, preferably between 130°C and 240°C.
- Said process is generally operated at an hourly volume rate (which is defined as the volume flow rate of input charge per volume of capture mass) of between 0.1 h ⁇ 1 and 50 h′ 1 , preferably between 0.5 h ⁇ 1 and 20 h ⁇ 1 , preferably between 0.5 h ⁇ 1 and 10 h ⁇ 1 .
- hourly volume rate which is defined as the volume flow rate of input charge per volume of capture mass
- Said process for capturing mercaptans is generally implemented in the absence of hydrogen.
- the filler must preferably remain liquid, which requires sufficient pressure and greater than the vaporization pressure of the filler.
- Said process for capturing mercaptans is generally carried out at a pressure of between 0.2 MPa and 5 MPa, preferably between 0.2 MPa and 2 MPa.
- reaction section of the capture process comprises between 2 and 5 reactors, which operate in permutable mode, called according to the English term “PRS” for Permutable Reactor System or even “lead and lag”.
- the hydrocarbon feed containing sulphur, and optionally partially desulphurized is preferably a gasoline containing olefinic compounds, preferably a gasoline cut resulting from a catalytic cracking process.
- the treated hydrocarbon charge generally has a boiling point below 350°C, preferably below 300°C, and very preferably below 250°C.
- the feed contains between 5% and 60% by weight of olefins relative to the total weight of said feed.
- the hydrocarbon charge contains less than 100 ppm by weight of sulfur and preferably less than 50 ppm by weight of sulfur relative to the total weight of said charge.
- the partially desulfurized hydrocarbon feed contains less than 50 ppm by weight of sulfur in the form of mercaptans, relative to the total weight of the feed, preferably less than 30 ppm by weight of sulfur in the form of mercaptans.
- the feedstock to be treated undergoes a partial desulfurization treatment before the mercaptan capture process, the step consisting in bringing the sulfur-containing feedstock fraction into contact with hydrogen, in one or more reactors of hydrodesulfurization in series, containing one or more catalysts suitable for carrying out the hydrodesulfurization.
- the operating pressure of this step is generally between 0.5 MPa and 5 MPa, and very preferably between 1 MPa and 3 MPa, and the temperature is generally between 200° C. and 400° C. , and so most preferred between 220°C and 380°C.
- the quantity of catalyst used in each reactor is generally such that the ratio between the flow rate of gasoline to be treated, expressed in m 3 per hour at standard conditions, per m 3 of catalyst is between 0.5 h ⁇ 1 and 20 h′ 1 , and very preferably between 1 h 1 and 10 h′ 1 .
- the hydrogen flow rate is generally such that the ratio between the hydrogen flow rate expressed in normal m 3 per hour (NM 3 /h) and the feed rate to be treated expressed in m 3 per hour at standard conditions is between 50 Nm 3 /hm 3 and 1000 Nm 3 /m 3 , very preferably between 70 Nm 3 /m 3 and 800 Nm 3 /m 3 .
- this step will be implemented with the aim of carrying out hydrodesulphurization selectively, that is to say with a hydrogenation rate of the mono-olefins of less than 80% by weight, preferably less than 70% weight and very preferably less than 60% weight.
- the desulfurization rate reached during this hydrodesulfurization step is generally greater than 50% and preferably greater than 70%, such that the hydrocarbon fraction used in the mercaptan capture process contains less than 100 ppm by weight of sulfur and preferably less than 50 ppm by weight of sulfur.
- any hydrodesulfurization catalyst can be used in the preliminary hydrodesulfurization step.
- catalysts are used which exhibit a high selectivity with respect to the hydrodesulphurization reactions with respect to the hydrogenation reactions of the olefins.
- Such catalysts comprise at least one porous inorganic support, a group VI B metal, a group VIII metal.
- the group VI B metal is preferably molybdenum or tungsten and the group VIII metal is preferably nickel or cobalt.
- the support is generally selected from the group consisting of aluminas, silica, silica-aluminas, silicon carbide, titanium oxides alone or mixed with alumina or silica alumina, magnesium oxides alone or as a mixture with alumina or silica alumina.
- the support is selected from the group consisting of aluminas, silica and silica-aluminas.
- the hydrodesulphurization catalyst used in the additional hydrodesulphurization stage or stages has the following characteristics:
- group VI B elements is between 1 and 20% by weight of oxides of group VI B elements relative to the weight of the catalyst
- the content of group VIII elements is between 0.1 and 20% by weight of oxides of group VIII elements relative to the weight of the catalyst;
- the molar ratio (elements of group VIII/elements of group VI B) is between 0.1 and 0.8.
- the metal is cobalt or nickel, the metal content is expressed as CoO and NiO respectively.
- the metal is molybdenum or tungsten, the metal content is expressed as MoOs and WO3 respectively.
- a very preferred hydrodesulfurization catalyst comprises cobalt and molybdenum and has the characteristics mentioned above.
- the hydrodesulphurization catalyst may comprise phosphorus.
- the phosphorus content is preferably between 0.1 and 10% by weight of P2O5 relative to the total weight of catalyst and the phosphorus to group VIB elements molar ratio is greater than or equal to 0.25, preferably greater than or equal to 0.27.
- the feedstock to be treated undergoes an additional finishing hydrodesulfurization treatment after the partial desulfurization treatment and before the mercaptan capture process.
- the so-called finishing hydrodesulfurization step (or “polishing" according to the Anglo-Saxon terminology), is mainly implemented to decompose at least in part the recombination mercaptans formed during the partial desulfurization treatment into olefins and H2S, but it also makes it possible to hydrodesulphurize the more refractory sulfur compounds whereas the first hydrodesulphurization step is mainly implemented to transform a large part of the sulfur compounds into H2S.
- the remaining sulfur compounds are essentially refractory sulfur compounds and the recombination mercaptans resulting from the addition of the H2S formed.
- the finishing hydrodesulfurization process is generally carried out at a temperature between 280°C and 400°C, preferably between 300°C and 380°C, more preferably between 310°C and 370°C.
- the temperature of this finishing stage is generally at least 5° C., preferably at least 10° C. and very preferably at least 20° C. higher than the temperature of the first hydrodesulphurization stage.
- the process is generally implemented at an hourly volume rate (which is defined as the volume flow rate of inlet feed per volume of catalyst) of between 0.5 h′ 1 and 20 h′ 1 , preferably between 1 h′ 1 and 10: 1 a.m.
- the process is generally implemented with a hydrogen flow rate such that the ratio between the hydrogen flow rate expressed in normal m 3 per hour (Nm 3 /h) and the feed flow rate to be treated expressed in m 3 per hour at standard conditions is between 10 Nm 3 /m 3 and 1000 Nm 3 /m 3 , preferably between 20 Nm 3 /m 3 and 800 Nm 3 /m 3 .
- the process is generally implemented at a pressure of between 0.5 MPa and 5 MPa, preferably between 1 MPa and 3 MPa.
- Any hydrodesulfurization catalyst can be used in the finishing hydrodesulfurization step.
- the catalyst comprises at least one porous inorganic support, and one Group VIII metal.
- the group VIII metal is preferably nickel.
- the support is generally selected from the group consisting of aluminas, silica, silica-aluminas, silicon carbide, titanium oxides alone or mixed with alumina or silica alumina, magnesium oxides alone or as a mixture with alumina or silica alumina.
- the support is selected from the group consisting of aluminas, silica and silica-aluminas.
- the hydrodesulfurization catalyst used in the finishing hydrodesulfurization step has the following characteristics:
- the content of group VIII elements is between 0.1 and 30% by weight of oxides of group VIII elements relative to the weight of the catalyst;
- the support used is an alumina-based support.
- the hydrocarbon charge after finishing hydrodesulfurization treatment contains less than 100 ppm by weight of sulfur derived from organic compounds and preferably less than 50 ppm by weight of sulfur derived from organic compounds, in particular in the form of mercaptans and refractory sulfur compounds.
- the effluent undergoes a stage of separation of hydrogen and H2S by any method known to those skilled in the art (separation drum, stabilization column, etc.), so as to recover a liquid effluent such that the dissolved H2S represents at most 30% by weight, or even 20% by weight, or even 10% by weight of the total sulfur present in the hydrocarbon fraction to be treated downstream by the process for capturing mercaptans.
- Said capture mass implemented in the context of the method according to the invention comprises an active phase based on at least one metal from group VIII, IB or IIB, and a mesoporous and macroporous support, said support being chosen from the group consisting of alumina, silica, silica-alumina, and clays, said capture mass comprising a specific surface of between 120 m 2 /g and 350 m 2 /g and:
- the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm corresponds between 40% and 70% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass
- the volume of macropores with a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm corresponds to between 30% and 60% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass.
- the content of group VIII, IB or II B element is preferably between 10 and 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass, preferably between 20 and 70% by weight, very preferably between 30 and 70% weight.
- said Group VIII, IB or I IB metal is chosen from nickel, copper or zinc. Very preferably, said metal is nickel.
- Said capture mass also comprises a support chosen from the group consisting of aluminas, silica, alumina silicas, clays.
- the content of aluminum and/or silicon elements of said capture mass is preferably between 5 and 45% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass, very preferably between 5 and 30% by weight.
- said capture mass implemented according to the invention may comprise at least one element from groups IA and 11 A, preferably sodium and calcium.
- said capture mass comprises at least one element from groups IA and HA, their content is preferably between 0.01 and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the capture mass, very preferably between 0.02 and 2% by weight.
- the capture mass implemented according to the present invention has a specific surface of between 120 m 2 /g and 350 m 2 g, preferably between 150 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 g, more preferably between 175 m 2 / g and 270 m 2 /g.
- the capture mass implemented according to the invention preferably has a total pore volume measured by mercury porosimetry of between 0.1 mL/g and 0.7 mL/g, preferably between 0.2 mL/g and 0.6mL/g.
- the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm corresponds between 40% and 70% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass, preferably between 45% and 65%.
- the volume of macropores with a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm corresponds between 30% and 60% by volume of the total pore volume of said capture mass, preferably between 35% and 55%.
- Said capture mass implemented according to the invention is advantageously in the form of grains having an average diameter of between 0.5 and 10 mm.
- the grains can have any shape known to those skilled in the art, for example the shape of balls (preferably having a diameter of between 1 and 6 mm), extrudates, tablets, hollow cylinders.
- the capture mass is either in the form of extrudates with an average diameter of between 0.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 0.8 and 3.2 mm, or in the form of beads with an average diameter of between 0.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 1.4 and 4 mm.
- the term "average diameter" of the extrudates means the average diameter of the circle circumscribed to the cross section of these extrudates.
- the capture mass used in the context of the process according to the invention can be prepared according to any method known to those skilled in the art.
- the capture mass undergoes an activation step so that the active phase is at least partially reduced.
- This treatment makes it possible to form metallic particles of the elements of group VIII, IB or I IB in the zero valent state.
- the reducing gas is preferably hydrogen.
- the hydrogen can be used pure or in a mixture (for example a hydrogen/nitrogen, hydrogen/argon, hydrogen/methane mixture). In the case where the hydrogen is used as a mixture, all the proportions are possible.
- Said reducing treatment is preferably carried out at a temperature of between 100 and 500°C, preferably between 100 and 450°C.
- the duration of the reducing treatment is generally between 1 and 40 hours, preferably between 1 and 24 hours.
- the rise in temperature up to the desired reduction temperature is generally slow, for example fixed between 0.1 and 10° C./min, preferably between 0.3 and 7° C./min.
- the step of activating the capture mass is carried out ex-situ, that is to say outside the reactor of the method for capturing mercaptans according to the invention, it is advantageous to carry out a step passivation to protect the capture mass.
- This passivation step can be carried out in the presence of an oxidizing gas according to any method known to those skilled in the art.
- a final in-situ activation step is advantageously carried out, that is to say in the reactor of the method for capturing mercaptans according to the invention, under a flow of reducing gas such as hydrogen or under feed stream to be treated, at a temperature between 100°C and 300°C, preferably between 100°C and 250°C.
- An alumina support (sold by the company Axens®) is provided in the form of balls with a diameter of between 1.4 and 4 mm, having a specific surface area of 70 m 2 /g and a pore volume of 0.63 mL/ g such that:
- An aqueous solution of nickel nitrate containing 14% by weight of Ni (Parchem®) is also provided.
- the capture mass A is prepared by dry impregnation of 50 grams of the alumina support with 25.6 mL of the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by drying in air at 120° C. for 12 hours followed by calcination at 450°C for 6 hours. The dry impregnation operation followed by heat treatments is repeated 5 times on the recovered solid.
- the capture mass A comprises 34.5% by weight of nickel and 28.7% by weight of aluminum relative to the total weight of the solid. It has a specific surface of 57 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.35 mL/g such that:
- - 50% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm
- - 50% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm.
- An alumina support is provided in the form of an extrudate (marketed by the company Axens®) with a diameter of 1.6 mm, having a specific surface area of 213 m 2 /g and a pore volume of 0.53 mL/g such as :
- - 0% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm.
- An aqueous solution of nickel nitrate containing 14% by weight of Ni (Parchem®) is also provided.
- the capture mass B is prepared by dry impregnation of 50 grams of the alumina support with 21.9 mL of the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by drying in air at 120° C. for 12 hours followed by calcination at 450°C for 6 hours. The dry impregnation operation followed by the heat treatments is repeated 6 times on the recovered solid.
- the capture mass B comprises 35.1% by weight of nickel and 27.9% by weight of aluminum relative to the total weight of the solid. It has a specific surface of 174 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.29 mL/g such that:
- - 0% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm.
- An alumina support is provided in the form of an extrudate (marketed by the company Axens®) with a diameter of 1.6 mm, having a specific surface area of 78 m 2 /g and a pore volume of 0.78 mL/g such as :
- the capture mass C is prepared by dry impregnation of 50 grams of the alumina support with 30.7 mL of the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by drying in air at 120° C. for 12 hours followed by calcination at 450°C for 6 hours. The dry impregnation operation followed by heat treatments is repeated 4 times on the recovered solid.
- the capture mass C comprises 35.0% by weight of nickel and 28.9% by weight of aluminum relative to the total weight of the solid. It has a specific surface of 64 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.43 mL/g such that:
- An alumina support is provided in the form of beads (marketed by the company Axens®) with a diameter of between 1.4 and 4 mm, having a specific surface area of 11 m 2 /g and a total pore volume of 0.53 mL /g such as:
- An aqueous solution of nickel nitrate containing 14% by weight of Ni (Parchem®) is also provided.
- the capture mass D is prepared by dry impregnation of 50 grams of the alumina support with 21.9 mL of the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by drying in air at 120° C. for 12 hours followed by calcination at 450°C for 6 hours. The dry impregnation operation followed by heat treatments is repeated 6 times on the recovered solid.
- the capture mass D comprises 35.1% by weight of nickel and 28.5% by weight of aluminum relative to the total weight of the solid. It has a specific surface of 8 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.29 mL/g such that:
- - 1% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm
- An alumina support is provided in the form of beads (marketed by the company Axens®) with a diameter of between 1.4 and 4 mm, having a specific surface area of 264 m 2 /g and a total pore volume of 0.49 mL /g such as:
- - 65% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm
- - 35% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm.
- An aqueous solution of nickel nitrate containing 14% by weight of Ni (Parchem®) is also provided.
- the capture mass E is prepared by dry impregnation of 50 grams of the alumina support with 21.9 mL of the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by drying in air at 120° C. for 12 hours followed by calcination at 450°C for 6 hours. The dry impregnation operation followed by the heat treatments is repeated 4 times on the recovered solid.
- the capture mass E comprises 34.8% by weight of nickel and 27.3% by weight of aluminum relative to the total weight of the solid. It has a specific surface of 217 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.28 mL/g such that:
- - 55% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm
- - 45% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm.
- a silica-alumina support is provided in the form of extrudates (marketed by the company Sasol®) with a diameter of 1.6 mm, having a specific surface area of 317 m 2 /g and a total pore volume of 0.71 mL/g such as :
- An aqueous solution of nickel nitrate containing 14% by weight of Ni (Parchem®) is also provided.
- the capture mass F is prepared by dry impregnation of 50 grams of the silica-alumina support with 30.7 mL of the aqueous solution of nickel nitrate, followed by drying in air at 120° C. for 12 hours followed by calcination at 450°C for 6 hours. The dry impregnation operation followed by heat treatments is repeated 4 times on the recovered solid.
- the capture mass F comprises 35.0% by weight of nickel and 19.0% by weight of aluminum and 6.5% by weight of silicon relative to the total weight of the solid. It has a specific surface of 260 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.39 mL/g such that:
- - 61% of the total pore volume of the pores have a pore diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 50 nm
- Example 7 Evaluation of the performance of the capture masses with respect to the capture of mercaptans.
- the evaluation of the performance of masses A, B, C, D, E and F is carried out by monitoring the dynamic capture performance of hexanethiol in a hydrocarbon matrix.
- 10 mL of the solid tested are introduced beforehand into a test column 1 cm in diameter.
- the solid is reactivated in situ under a flow of 10 L/h of hydrogen at 400° C. for 2 hours.
- a hydrocarbon matrix called filler is prepared beforehand by mixing heptane, 1-hexene and 1-hexanethiol, so as to obtain a matrix containing 2000 ppm by weight of sulfur and 10% by weight of olefin.
- the column containing the solid is then placed under a flow of heptane at an hourly volumetric speed of 8 h'1 (80 mL of charge per hour for 10 mL of solid), at 200° C. and under a pressure of 1.7 MPa.
- the experiment begins when the heptane flow is replaced by a feed flow at an hourly volume rate of 8 h 1 , at 200° C. and under a pressure of 1.7 MPa.
- the effluents leaving the column are analyzed so as to know the sulfur concentration of the treated matrix.
- the dynamic performance of the solid corresponds to the quantity of sulfur retained by the solid when the concentration of the effluents corresponds to one tenth of the sulfur concentration of the load.
- the results are collated in Table 1 below.
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AU2022410203A AU2022410203A1 (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2022-12-12 | Method for capturing mercaptans using a macro and mesoporous capture mass |
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FR2113811A FR3130828A1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Procédé de captation de mercaptans mettant en œuvre une masse de captation macro et mésoporeuse |
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EP1077247A1 (fr) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-02-21 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé de production d'essences à faible teneur en soufre |
EP1174485A1 (fr) | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-23 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé comprenant deux étapes d'hydrodesulfuration d'essence avec élimination intermediaire de L'H2S |
US6579444B2 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2003-06-17 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Removal of sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon feedstreams using cobalt containing adsorbents in the substantial absence of hydrogen |
US20030188992A1 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2003-10-09 | Halbert Thomas R. | Selective hydroprocessing and mercaptan removal |
US20030226786A1 (en) | 2002-06-05 | 2003-12-11 | Feimer Joseph L. | Process to remove sulfur contaminants from hydrocarbon streams |
FR2908781A1 (fr) | 2006-11-16 | 2008-05-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de desulfuration profonde des essences de craquage avec une faible perte en indice d'octane |
CN109266387B (zh) * | 2018-10-14 | 2020-12-11 | 林雅娟 | Fcc汽油选择性加氢处理方法 |
WO2021122059A1 (fr) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Masse de captation de mercaptans preparee par voie sels fondus |
CN109420506B (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2021-07-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种汽油脱硫醇的催化剂及制备方法 |
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2021
- 2021-12-17 FR FR2113811A patent/FR3130828A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-12-12 AU AU2022410203A patent/AU2022410203A1/en active Pending
- 2022-12-12 WO PCT/EP2022/085352 patent/WO2023110730A1/fr unknown
- 2022-12-15 AR ARP220103451A patent/AR127981A1/es unknown
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US5866749A (en) | 1993-05-28 | 1999-02-02 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Sulfur and thiol removal from reactive hydrocarbons |
EP1077247A1 (fr) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-02-21 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé de production d'essences à faible teneur en soufre |
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EP1174485A1 (fr) | 2000-07-06 | 2002-01-23 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Procédé comprenant deux étapes d'hydrodesulfuration d'essence avec élimination intermediaire de L'H2S |
US6579444B2 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2003-06-17 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Removal of sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon feedstreams using cobalt containing adsorbents in the substantial absence of hydrogen |
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