WO2023103256A1

WO2023103256A1 - Deep hole vibration-reduction blasting method based on artificial freezing of weak surrounding rock in deep shaft

Info

Publication number: WO2023103256A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/088920
Authority: WO
Inventors: 于建新; 张馨
Original assignee: 河南理工大学
Priority date: 2021-12-06
Filing date: 2022-04-25
Publication date: 2023-06-15
Also published as: ZA202110030B

Abstract

Disclosed is a deep hole vibration-reduction blasting method based on artificial freezing of weak surrounding rock in a deep shaft. The deep hole vibration-reduction blasting method comprises the following steps: (1) according to design requirements, carrying out artificial freezing construction on bedrock on the periphery of a shaft; (2) increasing the drilling depth of normal shallow hole blasting of the frozen bedrock of the shaft by onefold or more from a maximum of not more than L8 meters; (3) performing drilling by using an FJD-6.7 umbrella drill and six YGZ-70 guide rail-type independent rotary rock drills, and selecting for explosives a T220 rock anti-freeze water-gel explosive and a No.3 water-resistant coal mine nitroglycerin explosive, the specifications of which are respectively e45 mm X 400 mm X 0.8 Kg and <!> 32 mm X 170 mm X 150 g, and employing a 6.0 m long leg wire millisecond delay electric detonator; (4) after forming cutout holes, performing explosive charging according to a normal deep hole blasting design; after forming contour holes, using two continuous segments of detonator to bind a primer and an explosive thereof onto a 2.5 m bamboo piece, wherein the distance between the two segments of explosives is about L1 meters, and the bamboo pieces are tightly attached to the outer side of the shaft and blocked by water stemming; (5) the detonation delay time in the contour holes being shorter than 25 ms; and (6) completing connection of blasting wires by means of large parallel connection, performing hoisting and, after closing a gate valve of a freezing pipeline, blasting with a detonator. According to the method, deep holes are formed during one-time drilling, and explosive charging is split between the contour holes to form contour hole charging structures in order to implement smooth blasting with slight differences in the holes, thereby reducing blasting vibration, effectively guaranteeing the safety of the freezing pipeline and freezing wall; the deep holes being formed by one-time drilling increases the drilling and blasting efficiency, accelerates the construction progress, shortens the construction period, and can improve the equipment mechanization efficiency.

Description

Vibration reduction blasting method for deep holes based on artificial freezing of weak surrounding rocks in deep shafts

technical field

The invention relates to a safe and efficient construction method for deep hole vibration-reducing blasting of frozen bedrock in deep shafts, in particular to a smooth surface blasting in deep holes around the bedrock after the vertical shaft is frozen and does not affect the normal operation of the frozen layer or the frozen pipe. The construction method of rapid excavation.

Background technique

The frozen bedrock of the deep shaft is constructed by drilling and blasting method. It is necessary to ensure the safety of the frozen pipe to avoid the collapse of the frozen pipe and the flow of salt water to quickly melt the frozen wall. External water poured into the wellbore causing a well flooding accident. Therefore, "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" (2014 Edition), "Code for Construction of Coal Mine Shafts and Lanes" and "Quality Acceptance Specifications" (GB50511, GB50213-2010), "Code for Quality Acceptance of Metallurgical Mine Shafts and Lanes Construction" (draft for approval) are all It is considered that ammonium nitrate explosives or anti-freezing safety explosives should be used, the distance between the blast hole and the freezing tube should not be less than 1.2m, and the depth of the blast hole in the bedrock layer should not be greater than 1.8m; segmental detonators should be used for full-section blasting, smooth blasting, surrounding The charge length of the blast hole should not exceed 1/2 of the hole depth. At present, the drilling and blasting method used in the frozen bedrock of vertical shafts in my country is still shallow drilling, less charge, and vibratory blasting. However, this severely limits the comprehensive mechanization efficiency, greatly affects the construction speed and economic benefits, prolongs the freezing period of the shaft, and increases the freezing cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of low efficiency, long construction period and high cost caused by shallow hole blasting in order to prevent the frozen layer or frozen pipe from being blasted in the deep shaft freezing blasting construction, thereby providing a shaft freezing The construction method of bedrock deep hole differential blasting is based on the method. This method forms a deep hole during one drilling, and the surrounding holes are divided into charges, so as to realize the differential blasting in the hole, thereby reducing the blasting vibration and effectively protecting the frozen tube and frozen tube. The safety of the wall, drilling deep holes at one time, improves the drilling and blasting efficiency, speeds up the construction progress, shortens the construction period, can exert the mechanization efficiency of the equipment, and makes the construction safe, economical and practical.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a deep hole vibration reduction blasting method based on artificially freezing weak surrounding rocks in deep shafts. In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

① Perforate and freeze the bedrock around the shaft according to the design requirements.

② More than double the drilling depth of general shallow hole blasting in frozen bedrock of the vertical shaft from a maximum of 1.8 meters (4.0 to 4.2 meters).

③ FJD-6.7 Umbrella Drill is used to drill holes with 6 sets of YGZ-70 guide-rail independent rotary rock drills. The explosives are T220 rock antifreeze water gel explosive and No. 3 anti-water coal mine ammonium nitrate explosive, the specifications of which are Φ45mm × 400mm × 0.8Kg and Φ32mm × 170mm × 150g, the detonator adopts a 6.0m long leg millisecond delay electric detonator.

④ After the hole is formed, charge according to the general deep hole blasting design; after the peripheral eye is formed, use two consecutive sections of detonator to bind the priming charge and its explosive on a 2.5-meter bamboo piece, and the distance between the two sections of explosive is 1.1 meters. About 10 meters, the bamboo pieces are close to the outside of the well, all of which are sealed with blister mud.

⑤ The delay time of detonation in the peripheral eye hole is less than 25ms.

⑥Using the large parallel connection method, the charging connection is completed, the well is raised, and the frozen pipeline is closed after the gate valve of the frozen pipeline is closed, and the detonator is used to detonate.

The present invention has following advantage and positive effect:

1. The mechanized operation of drilling with an umbrella drill has a fast hole forming speed and a short drilling process time.

2. The bedrock of shaft freezing method is constructed by deep hole light blasting method. The depth of the blast hole is 4.2m, which is 2.4m deeper than the 1.8m required by the construction specification. multiplied.

3. By adopting deep hole blasting, the work efficiency of drilling and ballasting and other operating machinery is also greatly improved, which reduces the cost of machinery use.

4. Drilling deep holes in the peripheral eye, charging powder in sections, realizing micro-differential smooth surface blasting in one hole, through micro-differential blasting, the charge amount of each blasting in the peripheral eye hole is effectively controlled, that is, the smooth surface is guaranteed. The explosion effect is reduced, and the blasting vibration is reduced, which effectively protects the safety of the freezing tube and the freezing wall.

5. The shaft construction period is greatly shortened, saving freezing costs.

6. The economy is good, the cost of construction organization can be greatly reduced, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of peripheral eye drug loading.

Detailed ways

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below. These embodiments are provided for a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

A deep hole vibration-reducing blasting method based on artificially freezing weak surrounding rock in a deep shaft, specifically related to a method of smooth surface blasting in a deep hole in a deep hole around the bedrock after the shaft is frozen without affecting the safe operation of the frozen layer or the frozen pipe Rapid excavation construction method. It overcomes the shortcomings of low efficiency, long construction period and high cost caused by shallow hole blasting in general, and provides a construction method of deep hole differential blasting in bedrock combined with vertical shaft freezing method. A deep hole is formed in one drilling, and the peripheral hole is divided to form a peripheral eye charge structure, which realizes the micro-difference smooth surface blasting in the hole, thereby reducing the blasting vibration and effectively protecting the safety of the frozen pipe and the frozen wall. The drilling and blasting efficiency is improved, the construction progress is accelerated, the construction period is shortened, and the efficiency of equipment mechanization can be exerted. The construction method of differential blasting in the deep hole surrounding the deep hole in the frozen bedrock of the vertical shaft is carried out according to the following steps: ① According to the design requirements, the freezing construction is carried out on the surrounding bedrock of the vertical shaft. ② More than double the drilling depth of general shallow hole blasting in frozen bedrock of the vertical shaft from a maximum of 1.8 meters (4.0 to 4.2 meters). ③ FJD-6.7 Umbrella Drill is used to drill holes with 6 sets of YGZ-70 guide-rail independent rotary rock drills. The explosives are T220 rock antifreeze water gel explosive and No. 3 anti-water coal mine ammonium nitrate explosive, the specifications of which are Φ45mm × 400mm × 0.8Kg and Φ32mm × 170mm × 150g, the detonator adopts a 6.0m long leg millisecond delay electric detonator. ④ After the hole is formed, charge according to the general deep hole blasting design; after the peripheral eye is formed, use two consecutive sections of detonator to bind the priming charge and its explosive on a 2.5-meter bamboo piece, and the distance between the two sections of explosive is 1.1 meters. About 10 meters, the bamboo pieces are close to the outside of the well, all of which are sealed with blister mud. ⑤ The delay time of detonation in the peripheral eye hole is less than 25ms. ⑥Using the large parallel connection method, the charging connection is completed, the well is raised, and the frozen pipeline is closed after the gate valve of the frozen pipeline is closed, and the detonator is used to detonate.

The hole is formed through one deep hole, and the surrounding holes are divided into charges, and the micro-differential smooth surface blasting is realized in the hole, thereby reducing the blasting vibration and effectively protecting the safety of the freezing tube and the freezing wall.

By drilling into a deep hole at one time, the peripheral holes are divided into charge charges, and the micro-difference smooth surface blasting is realized in the hole, which more than doubles the drilling depth of the general shallow hole blasting usually adopted in the frozen bedrock of the vertical shaft from a maximum of no more than 1.8 meters ( 4.0 to 4.2 meters), the blasting efficiency is increased to 2.3 times that of shallow hole blasting, and the construction progress is multiplied.

After adopting deep hole blasting, the work efficiency of drilling and ballasting and other operating machinery has also been greatly improved, and the cost of machinery use has been reduced. The excavation speed of the shaft is doubled, the total construction period of the shaft is greatly shortened, and the cost of freezing is saved.

Peripheral eye charges include explosives, electric detonators, nonel tubes, delay tubes, and gun mud; there are two groups of explosives, one for the inner side and the other for the outer side; the two groups of explosives are filled with gun mud and explosives respectively. and gun mud are all set in the electric detonator; the delay tube is set on the top between two groups of explosives; the detonating tube is connected with the outer explosives.

A construction method of micro-difference smooth surface blasting in the hole around the deep hole in the frozen bedrock of the shaft, which is carried out according to the following steps: ① carry out the normal deep hole blasting design according to the design drawing of the shaft, refine the relevant parameters of the blasting, form the blasting design drawing, and dig out The blasthole depth of the slot hole is 4.2m, and the blasthole depth of the auxiliary hole and peripheral holes is 4.0m. ② After the freezing process is completed, the FJD-6.7 umbrella drill is used to support 6 YGZ-70 guide rail independent rotary rock drills to carry out drilling operations according to the blasting design drawing. The drilling angle and depth must meet the blasting design requirements. ③ After the hole inspection, after the hole is cut out, charge according to the general design of deep hole blasting; after the peripheral hole is holed, use two consecutive detonators to bind the primer and its explosives on a 2.5-meter bamboo piece, and the two The distance between the sections of explosives is about 1.1 meters, and the bamboo pieces are close to the outside of the well, and are sealed with blister mud. ④ The delay time of the detonation of the two sections of explosives in the surrounding eyelets is less than 25ms. ⑤ The blasting connection method adopts large parallel connection, the charging connection is completed, the well is raised, and the frozen pipeline is closed after the gate valve of the frozen pipeline is closed, and the detonator is used to detonate. (See the table below for the blasting parameters, blasting original conditions and effects of Xingdong auxiliary shaft)

Parameter design table for 4.0m deep hole light explosion in the hole around the frozen bedrock of auxiliary well in Xingdong

The original conditions and effects of light blasting in a 4.0m deep hole in the frozen bedrock surrounding the auxiliary well in Xingdong.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A deep hole vibration reduction blasting method based on artificially freezing weak surrounding rock in a deep shaft, characterized in that: it is carried out according to the following steps:

① Carry out artificial freezing construction on the bedrock around the shaft according to the design requirements;

② More than double the drilling depth of general shallow hole blasting in frozen bedrock of vertical shafts from a maximum of 1.8 meters;

③ FJD-6.7 Umbrella Drill is used to drill holes with 6 sets of YGZ-70 guide-rail independent rotary rock drills. The explosives are T220 rock antifreeze water gel explosive and No. 3 anti-water coal mine ammonium nitrate explosive, the specifications of which are Φ45mm × 400mm × 0.8Kg and Φ32mm × 170mm × 150g, the detonator adopts a 6.0m long wire millisecond delay electric detonator;

④ After the hole is formed, charge according to the general deep hole blasting design; after the peripheral eye is formed, use two consecutive sections of detonator to bind the priming charge and its explosive on a 2.5-meter bamboo piece, and the distance between the two sections of explosive is 1.1 meters. meters, the bamboo pieces are close to the outside of the well, and all of them are sealed with blister mud;

⑤ The delay time of detonation in the peripheral eye hole is less than 25ms;

⑥Using the large parallel connection method, the charging connection is completed, the well is raised, and the frozen pipeline is closed after the gate valve of the frozen pipeline is closed, and the detonator is used to detonate.
The deep hole vibration reduction blasting method based on artificially freezing weak surrounding rocks in deep shafts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the hole is formed through one deep hole, and the surrounding holes are separated and charged, and the micro-differential smooth surface blasting is realized in the hole.
According to claim 2, the deep hole vibration reduction blasting method based on artificially freezing weak surrounding rocks in deep shafts is characterized in that: the charge structure of the peripheral eye includes explosives, electric detonators, nonel tubes, delay tubes, and blasting clay There are two groups of explosives, one is the inner side and the other is the outer side; the two groups of explosives are filled with gun mud respectively, and both the explosives and the gun mud are set in the electric detonator; the delay tube is set between the two groups of explosives the top of the top; the nonel is connected to the explosive on the outside.