WO2023103238A1 - 一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀 - Google Patents

一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀 Download PDF

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WO2023103238A1
WO2023103238A1 PCT/CN2022/086010 CN2022086010W WO2023103238A1 WO 2023103238 A1 WO2023103238 A1 WO 2023103238A1 CN 2022086010 W CN2022086010 W CN 2022086010W WO 2023103238 A1 WO2023103238 A1 WO 2023103238A1
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Prior art keywords
valve
valve body
valve core
sealing
core assembly
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PCT/CN2022/086010
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张运龙
丁英仁
郭玉生
王建强
韩宗捷
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北京航天石化技术装备工程有限公司
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Priority to KR1020247022143A priority Critical patent/KR20240110890A/ko
Publication of WO2023103238A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103238A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/025—Check valves with guided rigid valve members the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/02—Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00—Check valves
    • F16K15/20—Check valves specially designed for inflatable bodies, e.g. tyres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of valves, in particular to a one-way bottle mouth valve which can be used for a hydrogen energy handheld torch.
  • the hydrogen energy handheld torch uses hydrogen stored in the gas cylinder as fuel, and the pressure of the gas cylinder can reach 70MPa G, which involves low-torque opening and closing and reliable sealing of the gas cylinder.
  • hydrogen has a small molecular weight and is easier to escape. Therefore, the requirements for the sealing performance of the opening and closing parts of the gas cylinder are higher. Due to the small internal space of the hydrogen energy handheld torch and the need to control the total weight, the bottle mouth valve needs to be lightweight and miniaturized.
  • CN 201059377Y discloses a detachable normally closed valve, and the valve ensures sealing by pressing the gasket on the plane of the valve core.
  • the valve core Under the condition of high-pressure hydrogen, if the size of the valve sealing structure is large, on the one hand, the valve core is subjected to a large force of the medium, resulting in a large opening force of the valve, and it is difficult for the torchbearer to operate the torch transfer site; on the other hand, the molecular weight of hydrogen is small, which is difficult to seal itself.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a one-way bottle mouth valve suitable for a hydrogen energy handheld torch, which has the characteristics of reliable sealing, miniaturization and light weight, and has the function of hydrogen filling at the same time.
  • a one-way bottle mouth valve suitable for a hydrogen energy handheld torch including a valve body, a valve core assembly, a spring, a spring chamber, and a sealing ring;
  • the spring chamber is connected to the valve body, the valve core assembly and the spring are placed in the spring chamber, the valve body is provided with a valve body sealing lip, and the sealing lip and the valve core assembly are compressed by non-metallic Material, to achieve the principle of material sealing specific pressure to achieve sealing, the spring provides sealing force for the valve core assembly; the outer side of the valve body is provided with a sealing ring to ensure the seal with the gas cylinder; the spring chamber is set
  • the through hole is used as a hydrogen inlet, and the valve core assembly is provided with a hydrogen gas inlet hole and a central flow channel of the valve core; when the bottle mouth valve is opened, it overcomes the sealing force provided by the spring for the valve core assembly and the upward pressure on the valve core assembly under pressure.
  • the medium forces the hydrogen gas to flow out along the above-mentioned hydrogen gas inlet, the spring chamber, the hydrogen gas inlet hole, and the center flow channel of the valve core enter the center through hole on the valve body to realize hydrogen release.
  • the spool assembly includes a spool and a non-metallic material structure;
  • the spool includes a central spool, a bottom cylinder and a large-diameter structure between the two for installing a non-metallic material structure;
  • the central spool is provided with a central flow channel along the axial direction of the spool, and the side wall of the flow channel is provided with a hydrogen gas inlet hole;
  • the bottom cylinder is used to install one end of the spring, and the installation position of the non-metallic material structure is closely related to the sealing lip of the valve body.
  • the stress direction of the non-metallic material structure is different from the angle of the deformation direction of the material during sealing, so as to adapt to the hydrogen working conditions under different pressures.
  • the non-metallic material structural member is in the form of an inlaid or injection-molded non-metallic material or an extruded sealing ring.
  • the force direction of the valve core assembly is perpendicular to the deformation direction of the material, which is suitable for hydrogen working conditions below 20MPa G.
  • the non-metallic material structure is a ring, when the cross-sectional shape of the ring is a quadrilateral, it is installed in a mosaic type, and is suitable for a hydrogen working condition not higher than 10MPa; when the cross-section of the ring is an isosceles trapezoid When using injection molding, it is suitable for hydrogen working conditions not higher than 20MPa G.
  • the non-metallic material is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon; imine.
  • the force direction of the valve core assembly and the material deformation direction form a wide angle, which is suitable for hydrogen working conditions below 70MPa G.
  • the non-metallic structural member is a stepped annular member, and the other surfaces are wrapped and installed by the large-diameter structure on the valve core assembly except the stepped surface.
  • the above-mentioned stepped surface wraps the outer edge of the sealing lip of the valve body at an angle of 90°.
  • the radial and axial directions ensure sealing, and the valve body sealing lip and valve core assembly are provided with metal limiters to prevent the valve body sealing lip from crushing the non-metallic structural parts in the axial position under high pressure conditions.
  • the sealing lip of the valve body is a cylindrical structure arranged at one end of the central through hole on the valve body. After the central valve core is inserted into the central through hole, there is a gap between the outer wall of the central valve core and the inner wall of the cylindrical structure. gap.
  • the diameter d1 of the sealing lip of the valve body matched with the valve core assembly inlaid with non-metallic materials ranges from 2 to 10 mm, preferably 2.5 to 8 mm.
  • the diameter d2 of the sealing lip of the valve body matched with the valve core assembly of injection molded non-metallic materials ranges from
  • the diameter d3 of the sealing lip of the valve body matched with the valve core assembly of the extrusion sealing ring is 2-5 mm, preferably 2.5-4 mm.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a one-way bottle mouth valve suitable for hydrogen energy handheld torches, which has the characteristics of reliable sealing, miniaturization, and light weight, and also has the function of filling hydrogen gas, the details are as follows:
  • the one-way bottle mouth valve in the present invention cooperates with the hydrogen energy hand-held torch switch part to execute the opening and closing instructions of the gas cylinder.
  • the valve when the one-way bottle mouth valve receives the opening force, the valve opens, and hydrogen can flow in both directions to realize the functions of hydrogen discharge and hydrogen charging.
  • the valve core assembly automatically returns and the valve closes.
  • the sealing size is small, the medium force on the valve core assembly is small, and the opening force of the valve is small, which realizes the miniaturization and light weight design of the valve.
  • valve core assembly in the present invention can adopt a variety of structural forms, including inlaid or injection molded non-metallic materials, extruded sealing rings, etc., which can be selected according to the operating pressure.
  • the spool assembly in the form of an extruded sealing ring in the present invention adopts a soft and hard sealing structure, the sealing ring is close to the outer edge of the metal sealing lip at an angle of 90°, and the sealing lip of the valve body and the spool assembly A metal stop is set to prevent the sealing lip of the valve body from crushing the sealing ring under high pressure conditions. More suitable for high-pressure hydrogen sealing.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one-way bottleneck valve of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sealing principle of the valve core assembly under different working conditions
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of hydrogen flow when the one-way bottle mouth valve is opened.
  • valve body 1 valve body, 2 spool assembly, 3 spring, 4 spring chamber, 5 sealing ring.
  • a one-way bottle mouth valve suitable for a hydrogen energy hand-held torch proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the description of the drawings and specific embodiments.
  • the present invention is structurally composed of a valve body 1 , a valve core assembly 2 , a spring 3 , a spring cavity 4 , and a sealing ring 5 .
  • the valve core assembly 2 and the spring 3 are placed in the spring chamber 4, the spring chamber 4 is connected with the valve body 1 through an internal thread, the valve body 1 is connected with the gas cylinder through an external thread, and a sealing ring 5 is provided on the outside of the valve body 1 to ensure that the valve is in contact with the gas cylinder. Cylinder seal.
  • the valve core assembly 2 and the spring 3 are placed in the spring chamber 4, the spring chamber 4 is connected to the valve body 1 through an internal thread, the valve body 1 and the gas cylinder can be connected through an external thread, and a sealing ring 5 is provided on the outside of the valve body 1 to ensure that the valve It is sealed with the gas cylinder and has the function of hydrogen filling.
  • the one-way bottle mouth valve is equipped with different structures of valve core components according to different operating pressures, including inlaid or injection molded non-metallic materials, extruded seal rings, inlaid or injection molded valve core components in the form of non-metallic materials, and the direction of force on the valve core components It is perpendicular to the deformation direction of the material and is suitable for hydrogen working conditions below 20MPa G.
  • the valve core assembly in the form of an extruded sealing ring, the force direction of the valve core assembly and the material deformation direction have a wide angle, which is suitable for 70MPa G hydrogen working conditions.
  • the inner thread of the valve body 1 is used to connect the valve body 1 with the spring chamber 4, the outer thread is used for the connection between the one-way bottle mouth valve and the gas cylinder, and a sealing ring 5 is provided on the outside to ensure the sealing of the valve and the gas cylinder.
  • the upper end of the inner cavity of the valve is provided with an annular sealing lip 1-1, which is the sealing surface of the valve body 1.
  • the spring 3 is installed in the spring chamber 4, and the spring force provides the sealing force for the valve core assembly 2, and the valve core assembly 2 is subjected to upward medium force under pressure to ensure the sealing of the high-pressure hydrogen.
  • the spool assembly 2 has multiple forms such as inlaying or injection molding of non-metallic materials, extruded sealing rings, etc., which can be selected according to the operating pressure.
  • the one-way bottle mouth valve is equipped with different valve core assembly structures according to different operating pressures. It has the characteristics of reliable sealing, miniaturization, and light weight. It also has the function of filling hydrogen to meet the needs of hydrogen energy handheld torch cylinders.
  • Figures 2a to 2c show different forms of the valve core assembly 2, which are provided with an air guide hole 2-1.
  • Figure 2a is the inlaid non-metal form
  • the non-metal material can be polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, etc., suitable for 10MPa working pressure
  • Figure 2b is the injection molding non-metal form
  • the non-metal material can be polyether ether ketone resin, polyimide Etc., suitable for 20MPa operating pressure
  • Figure 2c shows the extrusion sealing ring method, applicable to 70MPa operating pressure.
  • Figure 2a, 2b The sealing principle of the spool assembly is that the sealing lip 1-1 of the valve body presses the non-metallic material 2-2 of the spool assembly vertically, and the seal is realized after the material sealing specific pressure is reached.
  • the structure settings of the two spool assemblies are small Sealing structure, the pressure of the medium is small, so as to achieve a small valve opening force.
  • the diameter d1 of the sealing lip of the valve body matched with the valve core assembly inlaid with non-metallic materials ranges from 2 to 10 mm, and the preferred range is 2.5 to 8 mm.
  • the diameter d2 of the sealing lip of the valve body matched with the valve core assembly of injection molded non-metallic material ranges from 2 to 8 mm, and the preferred range is 2.5 to 7 mm.
  • the diameter d3 of the sealing lip of the valve body matched with the valve core assembly of the extruded sealing ring ranges from 2-5mm, preferably 2.5-4mm.
  • Figure 2c is a valve core assembly in the form of an extruded sealing ring, which is a soft and hard sealing structure tightly fitted.
  • the sealing principle of the valve core assembly in Figure 2c is that the sealing ring 2-3 wraps the sealing lip 1 of the valve body at an enveloping angle of 90° -1 The outer edge ensures sealing in both radial and axial directions.
  • the valve body sealing lip and valve core assembly are provided with metal stoppers 2-4 to prevent the valve body sealing lip 1-1 from crushing the sealing ring 2 under high pressure conditions. -3 axial positions.
  • This kind of spool component structure can still adopt a small sealing structure size d3, the range of d3 is 2-5mm, and the preferred range is 2.5-4mm.
  • the medium pressure is high, the spool component is subjected to small medium force, so the opening and closing force of the bottle mouth valve Small, suitable for high pressure and low opening force.
  • valve core assembly 2 overcomes the medium force and the spring force to generate a downward displacement, and the hydrogen gas is followed by the spring chamber 4 and the flow channel of the valve core assembly to realize the hydrogen release function.
  • the hydrogen gas flows in reverse to realize the hydrogen charging function.
  • the valve core assembly 2 is automatically returned to its position by the upward medium force and spring force, and the valve is closed.
  • the spring 3 is installed in the spring cavity 4, providing the sealing force of the inlaid or injection molded non-metal material valve core assembly.
  • the spring chamber 4 is installed and threadedly connected with the valve body 1, so that the valve core assembly 2 and the spring 3 are placed in the spring chamber 4, and the lower end of the spring chamber 4 is provided with a through hole 4-1, which is the entrance of the bottle mouth valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀，包括阀体(1)、阀芯组件(2)、弹簧(3)、弹簧腔(4)和密封环(5)；弹簧腔(4)与阀体(1)连接，阀芯组件(2)、弹簧(3)置于弹簧腔(4)内，阀体(1)上设置阀体密封唇(1-1)，该阀体密封唇(1-1)与阀芯组件(2)之间通过压紧非金属材料(2-2)，达到材料密封比压的原理实现密封，由弹簧(3)为阀芯组件(2)提供密封力；阀体(1)外侧设有密封环(5)，保证与气瓶之间的密封；弹簧腔(4)上设置通孔(4-1)作为氢气进口，阀芯组件(2)上设置氢气进气孔以及阀芯中心流道。当开启瓶口阀时，克服弹簧为阀芯组件提供的密封力以及带压状态下阀芯组件受到的向上介质力，氢气沿上述氢气进口、弹簧腔、氢气进气孔、阀芯中心流道进入阀体上的中心通孔流出，实现放氢。该单向瓶口阀具有可靠密封、微型化、轻量化的特点，同时具备氢气充装功能。

Description

一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀
本申请要求于2021年12月6日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111511584.5、发明名称为“一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及阀门领域，具体涉及一种可用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀。
背景技术
氢能手持火炬以储存于气瓶中的氢气为燃料，其气瓶压力可达70MPa G，涉及到气瓶的低力矩启闭和可靠密封。氢气分子量较小，相比于其他气体燃料更容易逸散，因此对于控制气瓶的启闭部件密封性能的要求较高。由于氢能手持火炬内部空间狭小，同时需要控制总重，瓶口阀需要做到轻量化、小型化。
传统气瓶阀由于其体积、重量巨大，无法直接应用于氢能手持火炬气瓶。CN 201059377Y公开了一种可拆卸常闭阀门，阀门通过阀芯平面压紧密封垫保证密封。在高压氢气工况下，若阀门密封结构尺寸大，一方面阀芯受介质力大，导致阀门开启力较大，火炬传递现场火炬手难以操作，另一方面氢气分子量小，本身难以密封，采用大尺寸密封结构的零件加工难度高、精度差；若阀门密封结构尺寸小，密封垫极易被压溃，导致阀门失去密封性能。因此需要一种适用于高压、氢气介质的瓶口阀，满足氢能手持火炬的需求。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是：提供一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀，具有可靠密封、微型化、轻量化的特点，同时具备氢气充装功能。
本发明解决技术的方案是：一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀，包括阀体、阀芯组件、弹簧、弹簧腔、密封环；
所述弹簧腔与阀体连接，阀芯组件、弹簧置于所述弹簧腔内，所述的阀体 上设置阀体密封唇，该密封唇与所述阀芯组件之间通过压紧非金属材料，达到材料密封比压的原理实现密封，由所述弹簧为阀芯组件提供密封力；所述阀体外侧设有密封环，保证与气瓶之间的密封；所述的弹簧腔上设置通孔作为氢气进口，阀芯组件上设置氢气进气孔以及阀芯中心流道；当开启瓶口阀时，克服弹簧为阀芯组件提供的密封力以及带压状态下阀芯组件受到的向上介质力，氢气沿上述氢气进口，弹簧腔、氢气进气孔、阀芯中心流道进入阀体上的中心通孔流出，实现放氢。
优选的，所述的阀芯组件包括阀芯以及非金属材料结构件；所述的阀芯包括中心阀芯、底部圆柱以及二者之间用于安装非金属材料结构件的大直径结构；所述中心阀芯沿轴向设置阀芯中心流道，所述流道侧壁设置氢气进气孔；所述底部圆柱用于安装弹簧的一端，非金属材料结构件的安装位置与阀体密封唇位置对应，通过非金属材料结构件的受力方向与密封时材料变形方向的角度不同，适应不同压力下的氢气工况。
优选的，所述的非金属材料结构件为镶嵌或注塑的非金属材料或挤压密封环的形式。
优选的，阀芯组件受力方向与材料变形方向垂直，适用于低于20MPa G氢气工况。
优选的，所述非金属材料结构件为环形件，当环形件的截面形状为四边形时，采用镶嵌式安装，适用于不高于10MPa G氢工况；当环形件的截面形状为等腰梯形时，采用注塑式安装，适用于不高于20MPa G氢工况。
优选的，当环形件的截面形状为四边形时，非金属材料选聚四氟乙烯、或尼龙；当环形件的截面形状为等腰梯形时，非金属材料选聚醚醚酮树脂、或聚酰亚胺。
优选的，阀芯组件受力方向与材料变形方向呈广角，适用于低于70MPa G氢气工况。
优选的，所述非金属材料结构件为阶梯环形件，除阶梯面外其余面由阀芯 组件上的大直径结构包裹安装，上述阶梯面以90°包围角包裹阀体密封唇外缘，在径向和轴向两个方向保证密封,阀体密封唇与阀芯组件设置金属限位，防止高压工况下阀体密封唇压溃轴向位置非金属材料结构件。
优选的，所述的阀体密封唇为设置在阀体上中心通孔一端的圆筒形结构，中心阀芯插入所述的中心通孔后，中心阀芯外壁与圆筒形结构内壁留有间隙。
与镶嵌非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d1，范围为2～10mm，优选范围为2.5～8mm，与注塑非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d2，范围为2～8mm，优选范围为2.5～7mm，与挤压密封环的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d3，范围为2～5mm，优选范围为2.5～4mm。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是：
本发明的目的在于提供一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀，具有可靠密封、微型化、轻量化的特点，同时具备氢气充装功能，具体如下：
1、本发明中的单向瓶口阀配合氢能手持火炬开关部件工作，用于执行气瓶的开、关指令。
2、本发明中单向瓶口阀受到开启力时，阀门开启，氢气可双向流动，实现放氢、充氢功能，开启力撤销时，阀芯组件自动回位，阀门关闭。
3、本发明中密封尺寸小，阀芯组件所受介质力小，阀门开启力小，实现了阀门微型化、轻量化设计。
4、本发明中的阀芯组件可采用多种结构形式，包括镶嵌或注塑非金属材料、挤压密封环等形式，具体可按使用压力选取。
5、本发明中挤压密封环形式的阀芯组件，采用一种软硬紧密贴合的密封结构，密封环以90°包围角紧贴金属密封唇外缘，阀体密封唇与阀芯组件设置金属限位，防止高压工况下阀体密封唇压溃密封环。更适用于高压氢气密封。
附图说明
图1为本发明单向瓶口阀结构示意图；
图2为不同工况下阀芯组件密封原理示意图；
图3为单向瓶口阀开启时氢气流通示意图。
图中：1阀体，2阀芯组件，3弹簧，4弹簧腔，5密封环。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述。
下面结合附图说明和具体实施方式对本发明提出的一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀进行进一步详细的说明。
如图1所示，本发明结构上由阀体1、阀芯组件2、弹簧3、弹簧腔4、密封环5组成。阀芯组件2、弹簧3置于弹簧腔4内，弹簧腔4与阀体1通过内螺纹连接，阀体1与气瓶通过外螺纹连接，阀体1外侧设有密封环5，保证阀门与气瓶的密封。阀芯组件2、弹簧3置于弹簧腔4内，弹簧腔4与阀体1通过内螺纹连接，阀体1与气瓶可通过外螺纹连接，阀体1外侧设有密封环5，保证阀门与气瓶的密封，具备氢气充装功能。单向瓶口阀根据不同使用压力，配置不同结构阀芯组件结构，包括镶嵌或注塑非金属材料、挤压密封环形式，镶嵌或注塑非金属材料形式的阀芯组件，阀芯组件受力方向与材料变形方向垂直，适用于低于20MPa G氢气工况。挤压密封环形式的阀芯组件，阀芯组件受力方向与材料变形方向呈广角，适用于70MPa G氢气工况。
如图1阀体1内螺纹用于阀体1与弹簧腔4连接，外螺纹用于单向瓶口阀与气瓶连接，外侧设有密封环5，保证阀门与气瓶的密封。阀体内腔上端设有环形密封唇1-1，为阀体1密封面。弹簧3安装于弹簧腔4内，弹簧力为阀芯组件2提供密封力，再加上带压状态下阀芯组件2受向上介质力，保证高压氢气的密封。阀芯组件2有镶嵌或注塑非金属材料、挤压密封环等多种形式，具体可按使用压力选取。
单向瓶口阀根据不同使用压力，配置不同结构阀芯组件结构，具有可靠密封、微型化、轻量化的特点，同时具备氢气充装功能，满足氢能手持火炬气瓶的需求。图2a～2c为不同的阀芯组件2形式，设有导气孔2-1。图2a为镶嵌非金属形式，非金属材料可选聚四氟乙烯、尼龙等，适用于10MPa使用压力， 图2b为注塑非金属形式，非金属材料可选聚醚醚酮树脂、聚酰亚胺等，适用于20MPa使用压力，图2c为挤压密封环方式，适用于70MPa使用压力。图2a、2b阀芯组件形式的密封原理为阀体密封唇1-1垂直压紧阀芯组件非金属材料2-2，达到材料密封比压后实现密封，此两种阀芯组件结构设置小密封结构，所受介质压力小，从而实现较小的阀门开启力，与镶嵌非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d1，范围为2～10mm，优选范围为2.5～8mm，与注塑非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d2，范围为2～8mm，优选范围为2.5～7mm，与挤压密封环的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d3，范围为2～5mm，优选范围为2.5～4mm。
图2c为挤压密封环形式的阀芯组件，为一种软硬紧密贴合的密封结构，图2c阀芯组件的密封原理为密封环2-3以90°包围角包裹阀体密封唇1-1外缘，在径向和轴向两个方向保证密封，阀体密封唇与阀芯组件设置金属限位2-4，防止高压工况下阀体密封唇1-1压溃密封环2-3轴向位置。此种阀芯组件结构仍可采用小密封结构尺寸d3，d3范围为2～5mm，优选范围为2.5～4mm，虽然介质压力高，但阀芯组件受介质力小，因此瓶口阀启闭力小，适用于高压、低开启力的使用需求。
如图3当单向瓶口阀受到向下的开启力时，阀芯组件2克服介质力和弹簧力，产生向下位移，氢气依次弹簧腔4、阀芯组件流道，实现放氢功能，当阀门为开启状态，氢气反向流通，实现充氢功能。如图1当开启力撤销时，阀芯组件2受向上的介质力和弹簧力，自动回位，阀门关闭。
如图1弹簧3安装于弹簧腔4内，提供镶嵌或注塑非金属材料阀芯组件的密封力。如图1弹簧腔4安装与阀体1螺纹连接，使阀芯组件2、弹簧3置于弹簧腔4内，弹簧腔4下端设置通孔4-1，为瓶口阀入口。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本发明不受上述实施方式的限制，上述实施方式和说明书中描述的只是本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还有会各种变化和改进，这些变化和改 进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种适用于氢能手持火炬的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：包括阀体、阀芯组件、弹簧、弹簧腔、密封环；
    所述弹簧腔与阀体连接，阀芯组件、弹簧置于所述弹簧腔内，所述的阀体上设置阀体密封唇，该密封唇与所述阀芯组件之间通过压紧非金属材料，达到材料密封比压的原理实现密封，由所述弹簧为阀芯组件提供密封力；所述阀体外侧设有密封环，用于保证与气瓶之间的密封；所述的弹簧腔上设置通孔作为氢气进口，阀芯组件上设置氢气进气孔以及阀芯中心流道；开启瓶口阀所需外力需克服弹簧为阀芯组件提供的密封力以及带压状态下阀芯组件受到的向上介质力，氢气沿上述氢气进口，弹簧腔、氢气进气孔、阀芯中心流道进入阀体上的中心通孔流出，实现放氢。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：所述的阀芯组件包括阀芯以及非金属材料结构件；所述的阀芯包括中心阀芯、底部圆柱以及二者之间用于安装非金属材料结构件的大直径结构；所述中心阀芯沿轴向设置阀芯中心流道，所述流道侧壁设置氢气进气孔；所述底部圆柱用于安装弹簧的一端，非金属材料结构件的安装位置与阀体密封唇位置对应，通过非金属材料结构件的受力方向与密封时材料变形方向的角度不同，适应不同压力下的氢气工况。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：所述的非金属材料结构件为镶嵌或注塑的非金属材料或挤压密封环的形式。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：阀芯组件受力方向与材料变形方向垂直，适用于低于20MPa G氢气工况。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：所述非金属材料结构件为环形件，当环形件的截面形状为四边形时，采用镶嵌式安装，适用于不高于10MPa G氢工况；当环形件的截面形状为等腰梯形时，采用注塑式安装，适用于不高于20MPa G氢工况。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：当环形件的截面形 状为四边形时，非金属材料选聚四氟乙烯、或尼龙；当环形件的截面形状为等腰梯形时，非金属材料选聚醚醚酮树脂、或聚酰亚胺。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：阀芯组件受力方向与材料变形方向呈广角，适用于低于70MPa G氢气工况。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：所述非金属材料结构件为阶梯环形件，除阶梯面外其余面由阀芯组件上的大直径结构包裹安装，上述阶梯面以90°包围角包裹阀体密封唇外缘，在径向和轴向两个方向保证密封,阀体密封唇与阀芯组件设置金属限位，防止高压工况下阀体密封唇压溃轴向位置非金属材料结构件。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：所述的阀体密封唇为设置在阀体上中心通孔一端的圆筒形结构，中心阀芯插入所述的中心通孔后，中心阀芯外壁与圆筒形结构内壁留有间隙。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：与镶嵌非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d1，范围为2～10mm，与注塑非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d2，范围为2～8mm，与挤压密封环的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d3，范围为2～5mm。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的单向瓶口阀，其特征在于：与镶嵌非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d1，范围为2.5～8mm，与注塑非金属材料的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d2，范围为2.5～7mm，与挤压密封环的阀芯组件配合的阀体密封唇直径d3，范围为2.5～4mm。
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