WO2023101426A1 - 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023101426A1 WO2023101426A1 PCT/KR2022/019229 KR2022019229W WO2023101426A1 WO 2023101426 A1 WO2023101426 A1 WO 2023101426A1 KR 2022019229 W KR2022019229 W KR 2022019229W WO 2023101426 A1 WO2023101426 A1 WO 2023101426A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- active material
- secondary battery
- weight
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002409 silicon-based active material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 266
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 112
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000006138 lithiation reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 28
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007607 die coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005822 acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002388 carbon-based active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002391 graphite-based active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical class O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011884 anode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)C(F)=C(F)F NDMMKOCNFSTXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)prop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(=C)C(F)(F)F QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical group COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000575946 Ione Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LTXREWYXXSTFRX-QGZVFWFLSA-N Linagliptin Chemical compound N=1C=2N(C)C(=O)N(CC=3N=C4C=CC=CC4=C(C)N=3)C(=O)C=2N(CC#CC)C=1N1CCC[C@@H](N)C1 LTXREWYXXSTFRX-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZHGDJTMNXSOQDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O Chemical compound NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O ZHGDJTMNXSOQDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical class [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUNGGJHBMLMRFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethoxy-hydroxy-oxophosphanium Chemical compound CCO[P+](O)=O ZUNGGJHBMLMRFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroacetone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)F VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000595 mu-metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011197 physicochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011866 silicon-based anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015041 whisky Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0438—Processes of manufacture in general by electrochemical processing
- H01M4/0459—Electrochemical doping, intercalation, occlusion or alloying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
- H01M4/623—Binders being polymers fluorinated polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present application relates to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a method for manufacturing a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode.
- a secondary battery is a representative example of an electrochemical device using such electrochemical energy, and its use area is gradually expanding.
- lithium secondary batteries having high energy density and voltage, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate have been commercialized and widely used.
- an electrode for such a high-capacity lithium secondary battery research is being actively conducted on a method for manufacturing a high-density electrode having a higher energy density per unit volume.
- a secondary battery is composed of an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and a separator.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material for intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions from the positive electrode, and silicon-based particles having a high discharge capacity may be used as the negative electrode active material.
- a carbon material such as graphite is used as an anode of a lithium secondary battery, but the theoretical capacity density of carbon is 372 mAh/g (833 mAh/cm 3 ). Therefore, in order to improve the energy density of the negative electrode, silicon (Si), tin (Sn) alloyed with lithium, oxides and alloys thereof, and the like are reviewed as negative electrode materials. Among them, silicon-based materials have attracted attention due to their low price and high capacity (4200 mAh/g).
- silicon has a problem in that a volume change (shrinkage or expansion) occurs during the intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions, resulting in poor mechanical stability and, as a result, cycle characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a material that has structural stability, excellent stability when used as an active material of an electrochemical device, and can secure cycle characteristics.
- a method of prelithiation of a silicon anode including a silicon-based anode active material is known.
- a prelithiation method a method of manufacturing an electrode after lithiation by physical/chemical methods such as electrolytic plating, lithium metal transfer, and lithium metal deposition, and a method of electrochemically prelithiation of a negative electrode are known.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-080971
- the present application relates to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a method for manufacturing a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode.
- An exemplary embodiment of the present specification is an anode current collector layer; a negative active material layer including a negative active material layer composition formed on one side or both sides of the negative current collector layer; and a buffer layer including a buffer layer composition provided on a surface opposite to the surface of the negative electrode active material layer facing the negative electrode collector layer, wherein the buffer layer has a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, wherein
- the buffer layer composition may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of acrylic polymers and binders; and a conductive material, wherein the conductive material is 1 part by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition.
- the anode A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery according to the present application; a separator provided between the anode and the cathode; And an electrolyte; it provides a lithium secondary battery comprising a.
- a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention has a buffer layer having a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less on the negative electrode active material layer.
- the pre-lithiation rate is controlled, and side reaction products with lithium due to violent reactions on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer are reduced, thereby reducing the loss of lithium metal.
- the substrate layer can be immediately removed even with a very weak linear pressure, so that the heat of reaction is easily released, thereby suppressing the generation of by-products on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer. do.
- At least one material selected from the group consisting of an acrylic polymer and a binder dissolves and disappears, leaving only the conductive material as an active material when the negative electrode active material expands or contracts later. It can help form a challenge network that connects them to each other.
- the negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention has a specific composition and thickness so that prelithiation can be performed more efficiently and uniformly over the entire negative electrode active material layer without loss of lithium during the prelithiation process according to the transfer process.
- the main feature is that the buffer layer is provided on top of the negative electrode active material layer.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a process of transferring lithium metal to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of a lithium secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- 'p to q' means a range of 'p or more and q or less'.
- specific surface area is measured by the BET method, and is specifically calculated from the nitrogen gas adsorption amount under liquid nitrogen temperature (77K) using BELSORP-mino II of BEL Japan. That is, in the present application, the BET specific surface area may mean the specific surface area measured by the above measuring method.
- Dn means the average particle diameter, and means the particle diameter at the n% point of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to the particle diameter. That is, D50 is the particle size at the 50% point of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to the particle size, D90 is the particle size at the 90% point of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to the particle size, and D10 is the 10% of the cumulative distribution of the number of particles according to the particle size. is the particle diameter at the point.
- the average particle diameter can be measured using a laser diffraction method. Specifically, after dispersing the powder to be measured in a dispersion medium, it is introduced into a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device (e.g. Microtrac S3500) to measure the difference in diffraction pattern according to the particle size when the particles pass through the laser beam to distribute the particle size. yields
- a laser diffraction particle size measuring device e.g. Microtrac S3500
- a polymer includes a certain monomer as a monomer unit means that the monomer participates in a polymerization reaction and is included as a repeating unit in the polymer.
- this is interpreted as the same as that the polymer includes a monomer as a monomer unit.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) are measured using a commercially available monodisperse polystyrene polymer (standard sample) of various degrees of polymerization for molecular weight measurement as a standard material, and gel permeation chromatography (Gel Permeation It is the molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by chromatography; GPC).
- molecular weight means a weight average molecular weight unless otherwise specified.
- An exemplary embodiment of the present specification is an anode current collector layer; a negative active material layer including a negative active material layer composition formed on one side or both sides of the negative current collector layer; and a buffer layer including a buffer layer composition provided on a surface opposite to the surface of the negative electrode active material layer facing the negative electrode collector layer, wherein the buffer layer has a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, wherein
- the buffer layer composition may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of acrylic polymers and binders; and a conductive material, wherein the conductive material is 1 part by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition.
- a buffer layer having a specific composition and thickness is provided on the upper portion of the negative electrode active material layer so that prelithiation can be performed more efficiently and uniformly over the entire negative electrode active material layer without loss of lithium during the prelithiation process.
- the main feature is that it is provided in.
- the negative current collector layer generally has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- Such an anode current collector layer is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity.
- a surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like may be used.
- fine irregularities may be formed on the surface to enhance the bonding strength of the negative active material, and may be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and nonwoven fabrics.
- the negative electrode current collector layer may have a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and the negative electrode active material layer may have a thickness of 20 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness may be variously modified depending on the type and purpose of the negative electrode used, but is not limited thereto.
- a negative active material layer including a negative active material layer composition formed on one or both surfaces of the negative current collector layer is included.
- the negative active material layer composition may include a silicon-based active material; cathode conductive material; and an anode binder.
- the silicon-based active material may include metal impurities.
- the metal impurity is a general metal material included in the silicon-based active material, and the content thereof may be 0.1 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon-based active material.
- the silicon-based active material may use pure silicon (Si) as the silicon-based active material.
- a buffer layer having a specific thickness and composition is introduced on top of the anode active material layer.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the silicon-based active material of the present invention may be 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, specifically 5.5 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m, and more specifically 6 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter is within the above range, the viscosity of the negative electrode slurry is formed within an appropriate range, including the specific surface area of the particles within a suitable range. Accordingly, the dispersion of the particles constituting the negative electrode slurry becomes smooth.
- the contact area between the silicon particles and the conductive material is excellent due to the composite made of the conductive material and the binder in the negative electrode slurry, so that the possibility of continuing the conductive network increases, thereby increasing the capacity retention rate is increased.
- the average particle diameter satisfies the above range, excessively large silicon particles are excluded to form a smooth surface of the negative electrode, thereby preventing current density non-uniformity during charging and discharging.
- the silicon-based active material generally has a characteristic BET surface area.
- the BET surface area of the silicon-based active material is preferably 0.01 to 150.0 m 2 /g, more preferably 0.1 to 100.0 m 2 /g, particularly preferably 0.2 to 80.0 m 2 /g, and most preferably 0.2 to 18.0 m 2 /g.
- the BET surface area is measured according to DIN 66131 (using nitrogen).
- the silicon-based active material may exist, for example, in a crystalline or amorphous form, and is preferably not porous.
- the silicon particles are preferably spherical or fragment-shaped particles. Alternatively but less preferably, the silicon particles may also have a fibrous structure or be present in the form of a silicon-comprising film or coating.
- the silicon-based active material may be 60 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material layer composition.
- the silicon-based active material may include 60 parts by weight or more, preferably 65 parts by weight or more, more preferably 70 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material layer composition, and 95 parts by weight part or less, preferably 90 parts by weight or less, more preferably 80 parts by weight or less.
- the negative electrode active material layer composition according to the present application uses a conductive material and a binder capable of controlling the volume expansion rate during charging and discharging even when a silicon-based active material having a significantly high capacity is used in the above range, and even within the above range, the negative electrode It does not degrade performance and has excellent output characteristics in charging and discharging.
- the silicon-based active material may have a non-spherical shape and its sphericity is, for example, 0.9 or less, for example, 0.7 to 0.9, for example 0.8 to 0.9, for example 0.85 to 0.9 am.
- the circularity (circularity) is determined by the following formula 1, A is the area, P is the boundary line.
- the negative electrode conductive material is a dotted conductive material; linear conductive material; And it may include one or more selected from the group consisting of planar conductive material.
- the dotted conductive material may be used to improve conductivity of the negative electrode, and preferably has conductivity without causing chemical change.
- the conductive material is natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, farnes black, lamp black, thermal black, conductive fiber, fluorocarbon, aluminum powder, nickel powder, zinc oxide, titanic acid It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium, titanium oxide, and polyphenylene derivatives, and preferably may include carbon black in terms of implementing high conductivity and excellent dispersibility.
- the point-shaped conductive material may have a BET specific surface area of 40 m 2 /g or more and 70 m 2 /g or less, preferably 45 m 2 /g or more and 65 m 2 /g or less, more preferably 50 m 2 /g or less . /g or more and 60 m 2 /g or less.
- the particle diameter of the dotted conductive material may be 10 nm to 100 nm, preferably 20 nm to 90 nm, and more preferably 20 nm to 60 nm.
- the conductive material may include a planar conductive material.
- the planar conductive material can improve conductivity by increasing the surface contact between silicon particles in the negative electrode and at the same time suppress the disconnection of the conductive path due to volume expansion, and can be expressed as a plate-shaped conductive material or a bulk-type conductive material.
- the planar conductive material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of plate-like graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, and graphite flakes, and preferably may be plate-like graphite.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the planar conductive material may be 2 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m, specifically 3 ⁇ m to 6 ⁇ m, and more specifically 4 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. .
- D50 average particle diameter
- the planar conductive material provides a negative electrode composition in which D10 is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less, D50 is 2.5 ⁇ m or more and 3.5 ⁇ m or less, and D90 is 7.0 ⁇ m or more and 15.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the planar conductive material is a high specific surface area planar conductive material having a high BET specific surface area; Alternatively, a planar conductive material having a low specific surface area may be used.
- the planar conductive material includes a high specific surface area planar conductive material;
- a planar conductive material with a low specific surface area can be used without limitation, but in particular, the planar conductive material according to the present application can be affected to some extent in the electrode performance by the dispersion effect, so that a planar conductive material with a low specific surface area that does not cause a problem in dispersion is used. may be particularly desirable.
- the planar conductive material may have a BET specific surface area of 1 m 2 /g or more.
- the planar conductive material may have a BET specific surface area of 1 m 2 /g or more and 500 m 2 /g or less, preferably 5 m 2 /g or more and 300 m 2 /g or less, more preferably 5 m 2 /g or more. g or more and 250 m 2 /g or less.
- the planar conductive material is a high specific surface area planar conductive material, and the BET specific surface area is 50 m 2 /g or more and 500 m 2 /g or less, preferably 80 m 2 /g or more and 300 m 2 /g or less, more preferably Preferably, a range of 100 m 2 /g or more and 300 m 2 /g or less may be satisfied.
- the planar conductive material is a planar conductive material with a low specific surface area
- the BET specific surface area is 1 m 2 /g or more and 40 m 2 /g or less, preferably 5 m 2 / g or more and 30 m 2 /g or less, more preferably Preferably, a range of 5 m 2 /g or more and 25 m 2 /g or less may be satisfied.
- Carbon nanotubes may be bundled carbon nanotubes.
- the bundled carbon nanotubes may include a plurality of carbon nanotube units.
- the term 'bundle type' herein means, unless otherwise specified, a bundle in which a plurality of carbon nanotube units are arranged side by side or entangled in substantially the same orientation with axes in the longitudinal direction of the carbon nanotube units. It refers to a secondary shape in the form of a bundle or rope.
- the carbon nanotube unit has a graphite sheet having a cylindrical shape with a nano-sized diameter and an sp2 bonding structure.
- the characteristics of a conductor or a semiconductor may be exhibited according to the angle and structure of the graphite surface being rolled.
- the bundled carbon nanotubes can be uniformly dispersed during manufacturing of the negative electrode, and the conductivity of the negative electrode can be improved by smoothly forming a conductive network in the negative electrode.
- the negative electrode conductive material may be 10 parts by weight or more and 40 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material layer composition.
- the negative electrode conductive material is 10 parts by weight or more and 40 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or more and 30 parts by weight or less, more preferably 10 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material layer composition. It may contain 20 parts by weight or less.
- the negative electrode conductive material according to the present application has a completely different configuration from the conductive material applied to the positive electrode. That is, in the case of the anode conductive material according to the present application, it serves to hold the contact between silicon-based active materials whose volume expansion of the electrode is very large due to charging and discharging. As a role of imparting, its composition and role are completely different from those of the negative electrode conductive material of the present invention.
- the negative electrode conductive material according to the present application is applied to a silicon-based active material, and has a completely different configuration from that of a conductive material applied to a graphite-based active material. That is, since the conductive material used in the electrode having the graphite-based active material simply has smaller particles than the active material, it has characteristics of improving output characteristics and imparting some conductivity, unlike the negative electrode conductive material applied together with the silicon-based active material as in the present invention. The composition and role are completely different.
- the plate-shaped conductive material used as the negative electrode conductive material described above has a different structure and role from the carbon-based active material generally used as the negative electrode active material.
- the carbon-based active material used as the negative electrode active material may be artificial graphite or natural graphite, and refers to a material processed into a spherical or dotted shape to facilitate storage and release of lithium ions.
- the plate-shaped conductive material used as the negative electrode conductive material is a material having a plane or plate shape, and may be expressed as plate-shaped graphite. That is, as a material included to maintain a conductive path in the negative active material layer, it means a material used to secure a conductive path in a planar shape inside the negative active material layer, rather than playing a role in storing and releasing lithium.
- plate-like graphite is used as a conductive material means that it is processed into a planar or plate-like shape and used as a material that secures a conductive path rather than a role of storing or releasing lithium.
- the negative active material included together has high capacity characteristics for storing and releasing lithium, and serves to store and release all lithium ions transferred from the positive electrode.
- a carbon-based active material as an active material means that it is processed into a point shape or sphere and used as a material that stores or releases lithium.
- the negative electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylidenefluoride, polyacrylonitrile, Polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid, ethylene -Selected from the group consisting of propylene-diene monomer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluororubber, polyacrylic acid, and materials in which hydrogen is substituted with Li, Na or Ca, etc. It may include at least one that is, and may also include various copolymers thereof.
- PVDF-co-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- the negative electrode binder serves to hold the active material and the conductive material in order to prevent distortion and structural deformation of the negative electrode structure in volume expansion and relaxation of the silicon-based active material.
- All of the binders can be applied, specifically, a water-based binder can be used, and more specifically, a PAM-based binder can be used.
- a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery including a buffer layer including a buffer layer composition provided on a surface opposite to a surface of the negative electrode active material layer facing the negative electrode current collector layer.
- the buffer layer prevents direct contact with a highly reactive silicon-based active material even when lithium metal is transferred to the upper portion of the negative active material layer, thereby suppressing a rapid reaction, and controlling the rate of pre-lithiation to make the negative active material It has the characteristic of being able to uniformly pre-lithiate lithium in the layer.
- the thickness of the buffer layer may satisfy a range of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the buffer layer may satisfy a range of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the buffer layer according to the present application has the above thickness range and is characterized in that the pre-lithiation rate is controlled within an appropriate range to suppress the generation of by-products and uniformly pre-lithiate within the negative electrode active material layer. That is, when the thickness of the buffer layer exceeds the above range, the pre-lithiation rate is rapidly reduced, and lithium metal reacts with air to generate by-products and losses, and the buffer layer remains until battery assembly to improve battery resistance lower initial efficiency. In addition, when the thickness of the buffer layer is less than the above range, the pre-lithiation rate is rapidly increased because the thickness of the buffer layer is too thin, and thus lithium loss and by-products are generated, and particles of the silicon-based active material provided on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer are broken.
- the buffer layer composition includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of an acrylic polymer and a binder; And a conductive material; may include.
- the acrylic polymer is polyethylene (PE); polypropylene (PP); polyacrylic acid (PAA); And polyester; provides a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of.
- the buffer layer composition is characterized in that it includes a conductive material of a specific content.
- the buffer layer after the prelithiation process, when the electrolyte is injected, at least one material selected from the group consisting of an acrylic polymer and a binder is dissolved and disappears, and only the conductive material remains, which connects the active materials when the negative electrode active material expands or contracts later. (network) can help.
- one or more materials selected from the group consisting of the acrylic polymer and the binder can smoothly control the speed of the prelithiation process, suppress by-product production, and act as resistance when remaining on the anode later, and dissolve in the electrolyte. , and the conductive material still remains on the top of the anode and has a characteristic that helps to improve the conductive network.
- the conductive material provides an anode for a lithium secondary battery in an amount of 1 part by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition.
- the conductive material is 1 part by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less, preferably 3 parts by weight or more and 7 parts by weight or less, more preferably 3 parts by weight or more 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition. May include the following.
- the at least one material selected from the group consisting of the acrylic polymer and the binder provides a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery in which 90 parts by weight or more and 99 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition.
- the at least one material selected from the group consisting of the acrylic polymer and the binder is 90 parts by weight or more and 99 parts by weight or less, preferably 93 parts by weight or more and 97 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition. , More preferably, it may include 95 parts by weight or more and 97 parts by weight or less.
- the pre-lithiation rate can be easily controlled, and at the same time, the buffer layer remains on the upper part of the negative electrode active material layer during battery assembly even after pre-lithiation, and at this time, resistance characteristics are not reduced. It will have characteristics that can strengthen the challenge network.
- the above effects can be obtained even after pre-lithiation by being included in the battery itself.
- the content of the conductive material exceeds the above range, the density of the buffer layer greatly increases, and the conductive material having a small particle size blocks pores on the surface of the electrode, so that the rate of prelithiation is greatly delayed, which leads to loss of lithium.
- the pre-lithiation rate is very fast, and the generation of by-products increases, and cracking of active material particles intensifies, resulting in high lithium loss and low capacity retention rate of the battery.
- the conductive material included in the buffer layer may use the above-described negative conductive material without limitation, and specifically carbon black; SWCNTs; Alternatively, MWCNTs may be used.
- the binder copolymer is polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, Hydroxypropyl cellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluoro rubber And it may include one or more various copolymers selected from the group consisting of poly acrylic acid.
- one embodiment of the present application is characterized in that the binder copolymer includes a monomer containing a fluoro group.
- the fact that the binder copolymer includes a monomer containing a fluoro group means that the monomer unit containing a fluoro group may be included as a monomer unit in a random, alternating or block form in the copolymer. can mean that there is
- the monomer containing a fluoro group is tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), pentafluoropropylene and hexafluoroisobutylene, such as C2-C8 fluoro roolefins or perfluoroolefins.
- the monomer including the fluoro group may be hexafluoropropylene (HFP).
- the binder copolymer according to the present application may include 5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less of the monomer based on 100 parts by weight of the binder copolymer.
- the binder copolymer may include 5 parts by weight or more and 20 parts by weight or less, preferably 8 parts by weight or more and 15 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the binder copolymer.
- Including the amount of the monomer based on the binder copolymer may mean a content portion of the monomer based on the entire binder copolymer formed by reacting two or more monomers with each other.
- the pre-lithiation rate of lithium metal is appropriate during pre-lithiation in the future, so that side reactions can be suppressed and cracking of the negative electrode active material particles can be prevented.
- the binder copolymer may be polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP).
- the binder provides a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery that is 90 parts by weight or more and 99 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition.
- the binder is 90 parts by weight or more and 99 parts by weight or less, preferably 93 parts by weight or more and 97 parts by weight or less, more preferably 95 parts by weight or more 97 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition. May include the following.
- a step of forming an anode current collector layer and an anode active material layer on one side or both sides of the anode current collector layer is provided.
- the step is a process of laminating a lithium secondary battery, and the step of forming a negative electrode current collector layer and a negative electrode active material layer on one or both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector layer is a negative electrode slurry containing a negative electrode active material layer composition on the negative electrode current collector layer and coating one side or both sides, wherein the negative electrode active material layer composition includes a silicon-based active material; cathode conductive material; And negative electrode binder; may include one or more selected from the group consisting of.
- the above-described information may be applied to the silicon-based active material, the anode conductive material, and the anode binder.
- the negative electrode slurry is a negative electrode active material layer composition
- a slurry solvent may include.
- the solid content of the negative electrode slurry may satisfy 5% or more and 40% or less.
- the solid content of the negative electrode slurry may satisfy a range of 5% or more and 40% or less, preferably 7% or more and 35% or less, and more preferably 10% or more and 30% or less.
- the solids content of the negative electrode slurry may refer to the content of the negative active material layer composition included in the negative electrode slurry, and may refer to the content of the negative active material composition based on 100 parts by weight of the negative electrode slurry.
- the negative active material layer When the solids content of the negative electrode slurry satisfies the above range, the negative active material layer has an appropriate viscosity during formation of the negative active material layer, thereby minimizing particle aggregation of the negative active material layer composition, thereby enabling efficient formation of the negative active material layer.
- the slurry solvent is not limited thereto as long as it can dissolve the negative electrode active material layer composition, but specifically includes acetone; Distilled water; Alternatively, NMP may be used.
- a negative electrode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application may be formed by coating and drying the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector layer.
- the slurry solvent in the negative electrode slurry may be dried, and then an electrode rolling step may be further included.
- a step of forming a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery including a buffer layer by coating a buffer layer composition on the opposite side of the side facing the negative electrode current collector layer of the negative electrode active material layer is provided.
- Forming the negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery including a buffer layer by coating the buffer layer composition may include coating one surface of the negative electrode active material layer with a buffer layer composition slurry.
- the above buffer layer composition may be applied.
- the buffer layer composition slurry is a buffer layer composition;
- a slurry solvent may include.
- the solid content of the buffer layer composition slurry may be 5% or more and 40% or less.
- the solid content of the buffer layer composition slurry may satisfy a range of 5% or more and 40% or less, preferably 7% or more and 35% or less, and more preferably 10% or more and 30% or less.
- the solid content of the buffer layer composition slurry may mean the amount of the buffer layer composition included in the buffer layer composition slurry, and may mean the amount of the buffer layer composition based on 100 parts by weight of the buffer layer composition slurry.
- the conductive material in the buffer layer composition slurry may satisfy a solid content of 0.5% to 10% of the solid content.
- the particles of the buffer layer are evenly distributed without agglomeration to secure a path for lithium metal during pre-lithiation, and accordingly, the pre-lithiation rate can be smoothly controlled have possible characteristics.
- the buffer layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application may be formed by coating and drying the buffer layer composition slurry on the negative electrode active material layer.
- the drying may include vacuum drying at a temperature of 100° C. or higher for 5 to 15 hours.
- Coating of the buffer layer may generally be performed using a coating method that can be used in the art.
- the coating method includes dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, and die coating ( die coating), gravure coating, micro-gravure coating, comma coating, and roll coating, but is not limited thereto. no.
- the step of transferring lithium metal to a surface opposite to the surface of the buffer layer facing the negative electrode active material layer is included.
- the prelithiation process is to chemically or physically prelithiate lithium metal on the negative electrode, and specifically, it may be carried out by a lithium metal transfer process, a lithium metal powder deposition, an electrochemical/chemical process, or a lithium metal deposition process,
- the prelithiation process according to the present application may include a lithium metal transfer process.
- the step of transferring lithium metal to the opposite surface of the buffer layer facing the negative electrode active material layer is a transfer laminate including a substrate layer and lithium metal provided on the substrate layer preparing; Laminating the transfer laminate on the buffer layer so that the opposite surface of the surface of the lithium metal facing the substrate layer is in contact with the opposite surface of the buffer layer facing the negative electrode active material layer; It provides a negative electrode manufacturing method for a lithium secondary battery comprising the; and removing the base layer.
- the deposition method for depositing the lithium metal on the substrate layer includes evaporation deposition, chemical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and It may be selected from physical vapor deposition, but is not limited thereto, and various deposition methods used in the art may be used.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a prelithiation method of a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the base layer 10; and lithium metal 20 are prepared, the negative electrode active material layer 30 is formed on the negative electrode current collector layer 40, and the buffer layer 35 is formed on the negative electrode active material layer 30.
- the buffer layer 35 of the negative electrode 200 for a lithium secondary battery and the lithium metal 20 are in contact with each other, and then the substrate layer 10 is removed to place only the lithium metal 20 on the buffer layer 35. Indicates the transfer process.
- the lamination step is lamination under a pressure condition of 20 kgf/cm 2 to 60 kgf/cm 2 at a temperature of 60° C. to 80° C.
- a pressure condition of 20 kgf/cm 2 to 60 kgf/cm 2 at a temperature of 60° C. to 80° C.
- the lamination may proceed with a transfer process through roll pressing. Thereafter, a process of removing the substrate layer is included, and when removing, as the buffer layer according to the present application is included, direct contact with the silicon-based active material can be prevented, so that the transfer of lithium metal can easily occur.
- the substrate layer can be easily removed with only a weak linear pressure, so the prelithiation rate can be easily controlled, and the heat generated during prelithiation can be easily released, thereby suppressing the generation of by-products.
- Lithium metal was desorbed by lithiation, but the above problem was solved by including a buffer layer satisfying the thickness and composition according to the present application.
- the base layer can withstand process conditions such as high temperature in the step of depositing lithium metal, and during a winding process for transferring the deposited lithium metal, lithium metal is deposited on the base layer. It can be used without limitation as long as it has characteristics that can prevent the problem of reverse peeling transferred to.
- the base layer is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (polyimide, PI), poly(methylmethacrylate), PMMA), polypropylene ( Polypropylene), polyethylene (Polyethylene) and polycarbonate (Polycarbonate) may be at least one selected from the group consisting of.
- the thickness of the base layer may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, and may satisfy a range of 5 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the lithium metal may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the transfer of the lithium metal to the negative electrode active material layer can occur efficiently and reverse transfer can be prevented.
- a release layer may be further included on a surface in contact with the substrate layer and lithium metal of the transfer laminate in order to improve the peelability of lithium metal and secure transferability to the negative electrode active material layer.
- the base layer may have a release layer formed on at least one side, and may have a release layer formed on both sides. Due to the release layer, it is possible to prevent a reverse peeling problem in which the lithium metal is transferred onto the substrate layer during the winding process for transferring the deposited lithium metal to the negative electrode, and also, after the lithium metal is transferred onto the negative electrode active material layer, the substrate The layers can be easily separated.
- the release layer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon-modified polyester, Si, melamine, and fluorine, in which a silicon chain is graft-bonded to a polyester main chain.
- the release layer may be formed by a coating method, for example, the coating method includes dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, and die coating. It may be a method selected from the group consisting of die coating, gravure coating, micro-gravure coating, comma coating, and roll coating, but is limited thereto It is not, and various coating methods that can be used to form a coating layer in the art can be used.
- the coating method includes dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, and die coating. It may be a method selected from the group consisting of die coating, gravure coating, micro-gravure coating, comma coating, and roll coating, but is limited thereto It is not, and various coating methods that can be used to form a coating layer in the art can be used.
- the buffer layer prevents direct contact with the negative electrode active material layer, thereby delaying the progress of the pre-lithiation process.
- the step of prelithiation of the negative electrode active material layer provides a method for manufacturing a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, in which the lithium metal is transferred and then prelithiated within 30 minutes to 20 hours.
- the pre-lithiation completion time satisfies the above range, and the pre-lithiation speed is adjusted according to the inclusion of the buffer layer so that the pre-lithiation process proceeds more smoothly.
- the completion time of the pre-lithiation may be calculated by measuring the time during which the transferred lithium metal is not observed on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer from the time of transferring the lithium metal.
- the positive electrode may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer formed on the positive electrode current collector and including the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, or carbon on the surface of aluminum or stainless steel. , those surface-treated with nickel, titanium, silver, etc. may be used.
- the cathode current collector may have a thickness of typically 3 to 500 ⁇ m, and adhesion of the cathode active material may be increased by forming fine irregularities on the surface of the current collector.
- it may be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven fabrics.
- the cathode active material may be a commonly used cathode active material.
- the cathode active material may include layered compounds such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) and lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ), or compounds substituted with one or more transition metals; lithium iron oxides such as LiFe 3 O 4 ; lithium manganese oxides such as Li 1+c1 Mn 2-c1 O 4 (0 ⁇ c1 ⁇ 0.33), LiMnO 3 , LiMn 2 O 3 , LiMnO 2 ; lithium copper oxide (Li 2 CuO 2 ); vanadium oxides such as LiV 3 O 8 , V 2 O 5 , Cu 2 V 2 O 7 ; Represented by the formula LiNi 1-c2 M c2 O 2 (where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B, and Ga, and satisfies 0.01 ⁇ c2 ⁇ 0.6) Ni site-type lithium nickel oxide; Formula Li
- the positive electrode active material includes a lithium composite transition metal compound including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), and the lithium composite transition metal compound is a single particle or a secondary particle.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles may be 1 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles is 1 ⁇ m or more and 12 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 12 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, or 1 ⁇ m. It may be more than 6 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle strength may be excellent.
- the single particle may have a particle strength of 100 to 300 MPa when rolling with a force of 650 kgf/cm 2 . Accordingly, even if the single particle is rolled with a strong force of 650 kgf/cm 2 , the phenomenon of increasing fine particles in the electrode due to particle breakage is alleviated, thereby improving the lifespan characteristics of the battery.
- the single particle may be prepared by mixing and calcining a transition metal precursor and a lithium raw material.
- the secondary particles may be prepared in a different way from the single particles, and their composition may be the same as or different from that of the single particles.
- the method of forming the single particles is not particularly limited, but generally can be formed by underfiring by raising the firing temperature, using additives such as grain growth promoters that help underfiring, or by changing the starting material. can be manufactured
- the firing is performed at a temperature capable of forming single particles.
- firing should be performed at a temperature higher than that of the secondary particles, for example, if the composition of the precursor is the same, firing should be performed at a temperature about 30° C. to 100° C. higher than that of the secondary particles.
- the firing temperature for forming the single particle may vary depending on the metal composition in the precursor. For example, a high-Ni NCM-based lithium composite transition metal oxide having a nickel (Ni) content of 80 mol% or more is used. In the case of forming single particles, the firing temperature may be about 700°C to 1000°C, preferably about 800°C to 950°C.
- a cathode active material including single particles having excellent electrochemical properties may be prepared. If the firing temperature is less than 790 ° C, a cathode active material containing a lithium complex transition metal compound in the form of secondary particles can be prepared, and if it exceeds 950 ° C, excessive firing occurs and the layered crystal structure is not properly formed, resulting in electrochemical characteristics may deteriorate.
- the single particle is a term used to distinguish from conventional secondary particles formed by aggregation of tens to hundreds of primary particles, and includes a single particle composed of one primary particle and 30 or less primary particles. It is a concept that includes pseudo-single-particle forms that are aggregates.
- the single particle may be in the form of a single particle composed of one primary particle or a quasi-single particle, which is an aggregate of 30 or less primary particles, and the secondary particle may be in the form of an aggregate of hundreds of primary particles. .
- the lithium composite transition metal compound which is the cathode active material, further includes secondary particles, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles is smaller than the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles.
- the single particle may be in the form of a single particle composed of one primary particle or a quasi-single particle, which is an aggregate of 30 or less primary particles, and the secondary particle may be in the form of an aggregate of hundreds of primary particles.
- the above-described lithium composite transition metal compound may further include secondary particles.
- a secondary particle means a form formed by aggregation of primary particles, and can be distinguished from the concept of a single particle including one primary particle, one single particle, or a quasi-single particle form, which is an aggregate of 30 or less primary particles. .
- the secondary particle may have a particle diameter (D50) of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m to 17 ⁇ m, and preferably 3 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- the specific surface area (BET) of the secondary particles may be 0.05 m 2 /g to 10 m 2 /g, preferably 0.1 m 2 /g to 1 m 2 /g, and more preferably 0.3 m 2 /g to 0.8 m 2 /g.
- the secondary particles are aggregates of primary particles, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particles is 0.5 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the secondary particles may be in the form of an aggregate of hundreds of primary particles, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particles may be 0.6 ⁇ m to 2.8 ⁇ m, 0.8 ⁇ m to 2.5 ⁇ m, or 0.8 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m. .
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particles satisfies the above range, a single-particle cathode active material having excellent electrochemical properties may be formed. If the average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particles is too small, the number of agglomerations of the primary particles forming lithium nickel-based oxide particles increases, reducing the effect of suppressing particle breakage during rolling, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the primary particles is too small. If it is large, the lithium diffusion path inside the primary particle becomes long, and resistance may increase and output characteristics may deteriorate.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles is smaller than the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles is smaller than the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles by 1 ⁇ m to 18 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles may be 1 ⁇ m to 16 ⁇ m smaller, 1.5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m smaller, or 2 ⁇ m to 14 ⁇ m smaller than the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles.
- the single particles When the average particle diameter (D50) of the single particles is smaller than the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles, for example, when the above range is satisfied, the single particles may have excellent particle strength even if they are formed with a small particle diameter, and thereby The phenomenon of increasing fine particles in the electrode due to cracking is alleviated, and there is an effect of improving the lifespan characteristics and energy density of the battery.
- the single particle is included in 15 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material.
- the single particle may be included in an amount of 20 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight, or 30 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cathode active material.
- the single particle may be included in an amount of 15 parts by weight or more, 20 parts by weight or more, 25 parts by weight or more, 30 parts by weight or more, 35 parts by weight or more, 40 parts by weight or more, or 45 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material.
- the single particle may be included in an amount of 100 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material.
- the single particle within the above range When the single particle within the above range is included, excellent battery characteristics may be exhibited in combination with the anode material described above.
- the single particle when the single particle is 15 parts by weight or more, the increase in fine particles in the electrode due to particle breakage during the rolling process after fabrication of the electrode can be alleviated, and thus the lifespan characteristics of the battery can be improved.
- the lithium composite transition metal compound may further include secondary particles, and the secondary particles may be 85 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material.
- the amount of the secondary particles may be 80 parts by weight or less, 75 parts by weight or less, or 70 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the cathode active material.
- the secondary particles may be 0 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material.
- the component may be the same as those exemplified in the single-particle cathode active material described above, or may be other components, and may mean a form in which a single particle form is aggregated.
- the positive electrode active material in 100 parts by weight of the positive electrode active material layer is 80 parts by weight or more and 99.9 parts by weight or less, preferably 90 parts by weight or more and 99.9 parts by weight or less, more preferably 95 parts by weight or more and 99.9 parts by weight or less. parts or less, more preferably 98 parts by weight or more and 99.9 parts by weight or less.
- the positive electrode active material layer may include a positive electrode conductive material and a positive electrode binder together with the positive electrode active material described above.
- the positive electrode conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and in the configured battery, any material that does not cause chemical change and has electronic conductivity can be used without particular limitation.
- any material that does not cause chemical change and has electronic conductivity can be used without particular limitation.
- Specific examples include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, and carbon fiber; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, and the like, and one of them alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the positive electrode binder serves to improve adhesion between particles of the positive electrode active material and adhesion between the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode current collector.
- specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluororubber, or various copolymers thereof, and the like may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more of them.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF-co-HFP vinylidene fluoride-
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ion movement. If it is normally used as a separator in a secondary battery, it can be used without particular limitation. It is desirable Specifically, a porous polymer film, for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or these A laminated structure of two or more layers of may be used.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or these A laminated structure of two or more layers of may be used.
- porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high-melting glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may be selectively used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laminated structure of a lithium secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
- the negative electrode 200 for a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode active material layer 30 on one surface of the negative electrode current collector layer 40 can be confirmed, and the positive electrode active material layer 70 on one surface of the positive electrode current collector layer 60
- the positive electrode 300 for a lithium secondary battery including a, and the negative electrode 200 for a lithium secondary battery and the positive electrode 100 for a lithium secondary battery are formed in a laminated structure with a separator 50 interposed therebetween.
- the buffer layer used during prelithiation may be removed depending on the electrolyte solution used, and accordingly, a small amount is included on the upper portion of the anode.
- the buffer layer was not described.
- the electrolyte may include an organic liquid electrolyte, an inorganic liquid electrolyte, a solid polymer electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, a solid inorganic electrolyte, and a molten inorganic electrolyte that can be used in manufacturing a lithium secondary battery, It is not limited to these.
- the electrolyte solution may include a non-aqueous organic solvent and a metal salt.
- non-aqueous organic solvent for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, gamma-butyllolactone, 1,2-dimethine Toxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, 1,3-dioxorane, formamide, dimethylformamide, dioxorane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, methyl formate, methyl acetate, phosphoric acid Triester, trimethoxy methane, dioxolane derivative, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, propylene carbonate derivative, tetrahydrofuran derivative, ether, methyl propionate, propionic acid
- An aprotic organic solvent such as ethyl may be used.
- ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate which are cyclic carbonates
- an electrolyte having high electrical conductivity can be made and can be used more preferably.
- the metal salt may be a lithium salt, and the lithium salt is a material that is easily soluble in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the anion of the lithium salt is F - , Cl - , I - , NO 3 - , N (CN ) 2 - , BF 4 - , ClO 4 - , PF 6 -, (CF 3 ) 2 PF 4 - , (CF 3 ) 3 PF 3 - , (CF 3 ) 4 PF 2 - , (CF 3 ) 5 PF - , (CF 3 ) 6 P - , CF 3 SO 3 - , CF 3 CF 2 SO 3 - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (FSO 2 ) 2 N - , CF3CF2(CF3)2CO - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 CH - , (SF 5 ) 3 C - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C -
- the electrolyte solution includes, for example, haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, and triglycerides for the purpose of improving battery life characteristics, suppressing battery capacity decrease, and improving battery discharge capacity.
- haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, and triglycerides
- Ethyl phosphite triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphoric acid triamide, nitrobenzene derivative, sulfur, quinone imine dye, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N,N-substituted imida
- One or more additives such as zolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol or aluminum trichloride may be further included.
- One embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same. Since the battery module and the battery pack include the secondary battery having high capacity, high rate and cycle characteristics, a medium or large-sized device selected from the group consisting of an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, and a power storage system can be used as a power source for
- Lithium metal is deposited at a level of 6 ⁇ m on top of the PET substrate using the PVD method on top of the release layer coated with PET (release layer coating on one side of PET, IONE film, thickness 20 ⁇ m ⁇ 50 ⁇ m) layer, and transfer lamination sieve was prepared.
- the thickness of PET was 25 ⁇ m
- the release layer was coated at a level of 0.5 ⁇ m
- lithium metal at a level of 6 ⁇ m was deposited thereon.
- Si average particle diameter (D50): 3.5 ⁇ m
- denka black as a conductive material
- SBR as a binder
- CMC as a thickener
- the conductive material, binder, thickener, and water were dispersed at 2500 rpm for 30 min using a homo mixer, and then an active material was added and then dispersed at 2500 rpm for 30 min to prepare a slurry.
- both sides of a copper current collector were coated with the negative electrode slurry at a loading amount of 85 mg/25 cm 2 , rolled, and dried in a vacuum oven at 130° C. for 10 hours to obtain a negative electrode
- An active material layer (thickness: 33 ⁇ m) was formed and used as a negative electrode (thickness of negative electrode: 41 ⁇ m, porosity of negative electrode 40.0%).
- the buffer layer composition slurry was bar-coated on the negative electrode active material layer to form a buffer layer having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m after drying.
- the lithium metal of the transfer laminate was placed on the negative active material layer, and then roll pressing was performed while applying a load of 40 kgf/cm 2 .
- the temperature was set at 80° C., and the PET layer of the transfer laminate was removed immediately after lamination, and the negative electrode was pre-lithiated.
- the composition of the buffer layer composition and the thickness of the buffer layer were adjusted as shown in Table 1 below.
- a bi-cell type battery was manufactured using the negative electrode prepared in Table 1 (prelithiation process) and the NCM as counter electrodes.
- Ethylene carbonate (FEC)/ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) 3/7 (volume ratio) in which 1M LiPF 6 is dissolved was used as the electrolyte used in this battery.
- Cycle characteristics of the bi-cell type battery prepared above were confirmed using an electrochemical charge/discharger. 4.2V (vs. Li/Li + ) charging and 2.5 V (vs. Li/Li + ) discharging at a current density of 0.1C until the third cycle. From the 4th cycle, charging and discharging were performed at a current density of 0.5C under the same voltage condition.
- Li loss was measured as a difference between the 1st charge capacity values.
- Li loss (%) 1- ⁇ ("non pre-lithiation electrode charge capacity” - "pre-lithiation electrode charge capacity)/ theoretical capacity of lithium used during prelithiation ⁇
- Cycle characteristics of the bi-cell type battery prepared above were confirmed using an electrochemical charge/discharger. 1C charging and 0.5C discharging were performed at 4.2-2.5V for 100 cycles, and the capacity retention rate was calculated based on the discharge capacity.
- Capacity retention rate (%) (100 th discharge capacity/ 1 st discharge capacity) x 100
- the resistance value was calculated by dividing the voltage difference before and after the current application by the current.
- Examples 1 to 5 of the present application include a specific buffer layer to prevent direct contact with a highly reactive silicon-based active material even when lithium metal is transferred to the top of the negative electrode active material layer, thereby suppressing a rapid reaction. And it was confirmed that the lithium in the negative electrode active material layer can be uniformly pre-lithiated by adjusting the rate of pre-lithiation. It was confirmed that the loss of lithium metal was reduced by controlling the oxidation rate and reducing side reaction products with lithium due to vigorous reaction on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the buffer layer has a buffer layer
- the substrate layer can be immediately removed even with a very weak linear pressure after transferring lithium metal to the negative electrode active material layer, so that the reaction heat is easily released and by-product generation on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer is suppressed.
- the thickness of the buffer layer was less than the lower limit range or not provided according to the present application, and it was confirmed that the prelithiation rate became very fast as the thickness of the buffer layer became thinner or not provided (prelithiation speed increase), it was confirmed that, as a result, cracks were formed on the surface of the electrode active material and the loss of lithium increased.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
버퍼층 조성물 | 버퍼층 조성물 슬러리 고형분 함량 | 버퍼층 두께(㎛) | |
실시예 1 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 0.5 |
실시예 2 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=97.5:2.5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 2.5) | 0.5 |
실시예 3 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 1 |
실시예 4 | PVDF-HFP:SWCNT=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 0.5 |
실시예 5 | 폴리에틸렌:SUPER-P=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 0.5 |
비교예 1 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=80:20 | 30 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 20) | 0.5 |
비교예 2 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 0.05 |
비교예 3 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 3 |
비교예 4 | PVDF-HFP:MWCNT=95:5 | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 5) | 2.5 |
비교예 5 | PVDF-HFP | 20 (고형분 함량중 도전재 함량 0) | 1 |
비교예 6(버퍼층 미구비) | - | - | 0 |
초기 쿨롱 효율(%) | Li loss(%) | 100cycle 코인셀 용량 유지율 | 초기 셀 저항 (mohm) @ SOC50 |
전리튬화 완료 시간 (hr) |
|
실시예 1 | 100 | 8 | 98 | 700 | 2 |
실시예 2 | 98 | 10 | 97.5 | 720 | 1 |
실시예 3 | 98.5 | 10 | 97 | 730 | 4 |
실시예 4 | 98 | 9 | 97.5 | 720 | 2 |
실시예 5 | 98.5 | 9 | 97 | 720 | 2.5 |
비교예 1 | 97 | 23 | 96 | 780 | 8 |
비교예 2 | 97.5 | 20 | 96.5 | 720 | 0.5 |
비교예 3 | 96 | 26 | 95 | 850 | 24 |
비교예 4 | 96 | 26 | 95 | 830 | 22 |
비교예 5 | 96 | 15 | 82 | 780 | 4 |
비교예 6(버퍼층 미구비) | 94 | 34 | 94 | 820 | 0.1 |
Claims (14)
- 음극 집전체층;상기 음극 집전체층의 일면 또는 양면에 형성된 음극 활물질층 조성물을 포함하는 음극 활물질층; 및상기 음극 활물질층의 상기 음극 집전체층과 대향하는 면의 반대면에 구비된 버퍼층 조성물을 포함하는 버퍼층;을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극으로,상기 버퍼층의 두께는 0.1μm 이상 2μm 이하이고,상기 버퍼층 조성물은 아크릴계 고분자 및 바인더로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 이상의 물질; 및 도전재;를 포함하고,상기 도전재는 상기 버퍼층 조성물 100 중량부 기준 1 중량부 이상 10 중량부 이하인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 아크릴계 고분자는 폴리에틸렌(PE); 폴리프로필렌(PP); 폴리아크릴산(PAA); 및 폴리에스테르;로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 이상을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 바인더는 플루오로기를 포함하는 단량체를 포함하는 바인더 공중합체를 포함하며,상기 단량체는 퍼플루오로 올레핀을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질층 조성물은 실리콘계 활물질; 음극 도전재; 및 음극 바인더를 포함하며,상기 실리콘계 활물질은 SiOx (x=0), SiOx (0<x<2), SiC, 금속 불순물, 및 Si 합금으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 청구항 4에 있어서, 상기 실리콘계 활물질은 SiOx (x=0) 및 SiOx (0<x<2) 로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 이상을 포함하며, 상기 실리콘계 활물질 100 중량부 기준 상기 SiOx (x=0)를 70 중량부 이상 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 아크릴계 고분자 및 바인더로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 이상의 물질은 상기 버퍼층 조성물 100 중량부 기준 90 중량부 이상 99 중량부 이하인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 음극 집전체층의 두께는 1μm 이상 100μm 이하이며,상기 음극 활물질층의 두께는 20μm 이상 500μm 이하인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극.
- 음극 집전체층 및 상기 음극 집전체층의 일면 또는 양면에 음극 활물질층을 형성하는 단계;상기 음극 활물질층의 상기 음극 집전체층과 대향하는 면의 반대면에 버퍼층 조성물을 코팅하여 버퍼층을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극을 형성하는 단계;상기 버퍼층의 상기 음극 활물질층과 대향하는 면의 반대면에 리튬 금속을 전사하는 단계; 및상기 음극 활물질층을 전리튬화 하는 단계;를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법으로,상기 버퍼층 조성물은 아크릴계 고분자 및 바인더로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1 이상의 물질; 및 도전재;를 포함하고,상기 도전재는 상기 버퍼층 조성물 100 중량부 기준 1 중량부 이상 10 중량부 이하인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 버퍼층의 상기 음극 활물질층과 대향하는 면의 반대면에 리튬 금속을 전사하는 단계는 기재층 및 상기 기재층 상에 구비된 리튬 금속을 포함하는 전사 적층체를 준비하는 단계;상기 리튬 금속의 상기 기재층과 대향하는 면의 반대면을 상기 버퍼층의 상기 음극 활물질층과 대향하는 면의 반대면에 접하도록 상기 전사 적층체를 상기 버퍼층 상에 라미네이션하는 단계; 및상기 기재층을 제거하는 단계;를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 라미네이션하는 단계는 60℃ 내지 80℃의 온도 조건에서 20kgf/cm2 내지 60kgf/cm2의 가압 조건에서 라미네이션 하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 전사 적층체의 기재층 및 리튬 금속이 접하는 면에 이형층을 더 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 리튬 금속의 두께는 1μm 이상 10μm 이하인 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 음극 활물질층을 전리튬화하는 단계는 리튬 금속을 전사한 후 30분 내지 20시간 내 전리튬화되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법.
- 양극;청구항 8의 제조 방법에 따라 제조된 리튬 이차 전지용 음극;상기 양극과 상기 음극 사이에 구비된 분리막; 및전해질;을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202280036805.4A CN117397051A (zh) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-11-30 | 用于锂二次电池的负极、制造用于锂二次电池的负极的方法及包括负极的锂二次电池 |
JP2023570430A JP2024517978A (ja) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-11-30 | リチウム二次電池用負極、リチウム二次電池用負極の製造方法、および負極を含むリチウム二次電池 |
EP22901784.3A EP4333102A1 (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-11-30 | Anode for lithium secondary battery, manufacturing method for anode for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery including anode |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2021-0172282 | 2021-12-03 | ||
KR20210172282 | 2021-12-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023101426A1 true WO2023101426A1 (ko) | 2023-06-08 |
Family
ID=86612782
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2022/019229 WO2023101426A1 (ko) | 2021-12-03 | 2022-11-30 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4333102A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2024517978A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR20230084060A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN117397051A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2023101426A1 (ko) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000182602A (ja) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 非水二次電池 |
JP2008098151A (ja) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-04-24 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2009080971A (ja) | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-16 | Tokyo Univ Of Science | リチウムイオン電池用負極 |
US20140272594A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Sion Power Corporation | Protective structures for electrodes |
KR20170058798A (ko) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-29 | 한국과학기술원 | 실리콘 혹은 실리콘산화물을 포함하는 전극의 전―리튬화 방법, 장치, 이에 의하여 제조된 전극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
KR20190083305A (ko) * | 2018-01-03 | 2019-07-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬이차전지용 음극의 전리튬화 방법 및 이에 사용되는 리튬 메탈 적층체 |
-
2022
- 2022-11-30 EP EP22901784.3A patent/EP4333102A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-30 CN CN202280036805.4A patent/CN117397051A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-30 KR KR1020220164422A patent/KR20230084060A/ko unknown
- 2022-11-30 WO PCT/KR2022/019229 patent/WO2023101426A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2022-11-30 JP JP2023570430A patent/JP2024517978A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000182602A (ja) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-06-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 非水二次電池 |
JP2008098151A (ja) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-04-24 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2009080971A (ja) | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-16 | Tokyo Univ Of Science | リチウムイオン電池用負極 |
US20140272594A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Sion Power Corporation | Protective structures for electrodes |
KR20170058798A (ko) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-05-29 | 한국과학기술원 | 실리콘 혹은 실리콘산화물을 포함하는 전극의 전―리튬화 방법, 장치, 이에 의하여 제조된 전극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
KR20190083305A (ko) * | 2018-01-03 | 2019-07-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬이차전지용 음극의 전리튬화 방법 및 이에 사용되는 리튬 메탈 적층체 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117397051A (zh) | 2024-01-12 |
EP4333102A1 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
KR20230084060A (ko) | 2023-06-12 |
JP2024517978A (ja) | 2024-04-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2019117531A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2023282684A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극의 제조 방법 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2021086098A1 (ko) | 음극 활물질, 이의 제조방법, 이를 포함하는 음극 및 이차전지 | |
WO2023113464A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2021251663A1 (ko) | 음극 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 | |
WO2020180160A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차전지 | |
WO2023059015A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 및 음극 조성물의 제조 방법 | |
WO2022182162A1 (ko) | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 이차 전지 | |
WO2023101426A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023096307A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지의 제조 방법 및 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023121218A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극의 전리튬화 방법, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023146256A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 전극의 전리튬화 방법, 전극 중간체 및 전극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023055215A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 및 음극 조성물의 제조 방법 | |
WO2023153716A1 (ko) | 전사 적층체, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 제조 방법, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023214860A1 (ko) | 전극 전리튬화 방법, 전리튬화된 리튬 이차 전지용 전극 및 전극 전리튬화 장치 | |
WO2024063554A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023146254A1 (ko) | 전사 적층체, 리튬 이차 전지용 전극의 전리튬화 방법 및 전극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2024054019A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023068601A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 및 리튬 이차 전지용 음극의 제조 방법 | |
WO2023149746A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극의 제조 방법, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2024054016A1 (ko) | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 리튬 이차 전지용 음극의 제조 방법 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023085691A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 및 음극 조성물의 제조 방법 | |
WO2023068838A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 및 음극 조성물의 제조 방법 | |
WO2023113462A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 | |
WO2023059151A1 (ko) | 음극 조성물, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극, 음극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 및 음극 조성물의 제조 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22901784 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023570430 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280036805.4 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2022901784 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022901784 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20231127 |