WO2023100333A1 - 無効電力制御装置、無効電力制御方法、及び無効電力制御プログラム - Google Patents
無効電力制御装置、無効電力制御方法、及び無効電力制御プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reactive power control device, a reactive power control method, and a reactive power control program.
- power conditioners have been known that can maintain the operating power factor without being affected by the output accuracy of the power generation equipment or the detection accuracy of the output power detector by generating a reactive power command according to the active power.
- PCS Power Conditioning Subsystem
- a photovoltaic power conditioner is also called PV-PCS (Photovoltaics-Power Conditioning Subsystem)
- ESS-PCS Electronic Switched Power Conditioning Subsystem
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- the reactive power output of the PCS increases, the voltage of the impedance in the reactor component included in the PCS and the grid also rises, and as a result, the grid voltage may rise.
- a limiter or the like acts, preventing the upper part of the sinusoidal waveform of the voltage from rising above a certain level and distorting it like a trapezoid.
- the waveform of the voltage collapses, the PWM becomes overmodulated, and there is a risk that harmonics to the system side may increase.
- the system voltage is prevented from rising, the PWM overmodulation is prevented, and the increase in harmonics flowing out to the system side is suppressed.
- the purpose is to suppress adverse effects on equipment connected to the grid.
- a reactive power control device includes a voltage acquisition unit that detects a system voltage and a DC voltage, and a modulation factor calculation unit that calculates a modulation factor using the system voltage and the DC voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition unit.
- a reactive power command acquisition unit that acquires a first reactive power command from a host device;
- a dead zone area determination unit that determines whether the first reactive power command acquired by the reactive power command acquisition unit is at a dead zone level; When the dead zone area determining section determines that the first reactive power command is not at the dead zone level, the first reactive power command is limited or compensated based on the modulation rate calculated by the modulation rate calculating section.
- the second reactive power command is calculated by the reactive power command calculating unit for calculating the second reactive power command and the reactive power command calculating unit
- the second reactive power command is output, and the reactive power command calculating unit and a reactive power command output unit that outputs the first reactive power command when the second reactive power command is not calculated by the method.
- the reactive power control device further includes a command value polarity determination unit that determines whether the first reactive power command acquired by the reactive power command acquisition unit is greater than 0, and calculates the reactive power command.
- the command value polarity determination unit determines that the first reactive power command is greater than 0, the unit limits the first reactive power command in the inductive region to calculate the second reactive power command.
- the first reactive power command may be limited in the capacitive region to calculate the second reactive power command.
- the reactive power command calculation unit starts limiting the first reactive power command when the modulation rate exceeds a predetermined limit start level, and the modulation rate reaches a predetermined limit. Limitation of the first reactive power command may be ended when the limit end level is exceeded.
- the reactive power control device further includes a storage unit that stores modulation factor compensation gains corresponding to modulation factors as a table, and the reactive power command calculation unit refers to the table stored in the storage unit. and extracts a modulation factor compensation gain corresponding to the modulation factor, and multiplies the extracted modulation factor compensation gain by the first reactive power command to limit or compensate the first reactive power command to obtain the second A reactive power command may be calculated.
- the reactive power control apparatus further includes a storage unit storing a predetermined modulation factor reference, and the reactive power command calculation unit calculates the difference between the modulation factor reference stored in the storage unit and the modulation factor or By calculating the deviation, performing PI control on the calculated difference or deviation, and adding the control amount obtained by the PI control to the first reactive power command, the first reactive power command is limited or compensated.
- a second reactive power command may be calculated.
- a reactive power control method includes a voltage acquisition step of detecting a system voltage and a DC voltage, and a modulation factor calculation step of calculating a modulation factor using the system voltage and the DC voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition step.
- a reactive power command acquisition step for acquiring a first reactive power command from a host device;
- a dead zone area determination step for determining whether the first reactive power command acquired by the reactive power command acquisition step is at a dead zone level;
- the dead band region determining step determines that the first reactive power command is not at the dead band level, the first reactive power command is limited or compensated based on the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculating step.
- the second reactive power command is calculated by the reactive power command calculating step for calculating the second reactive power command, and the reactive power command calculating step, the second reactive power command is output, and the reactive power command calculating step and a reactive power command output step of outputting the first reactive power command when the second reactive power command is not calculated by the method.
- a reactive power control program is characterized by causing a computer to execute the processing of the reactive power control method described above.
- the system voltage is prevented from rising, the PWM overmodulation is prevented, and the increase in harmonics flowing out to the system side is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress adverse effects on devices connected to the grid.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the reactive power control device shown in FIG. 2; 4 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by a modulation factor calculator in step S2 shown in FIG. 3; FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by a dead zone determination unit in step S4 shown in FIG. 3; FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by a command value polarity determination unit in step S5 shown in FIG. 3;
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the process performed by the reactive power command calculation part in step S6A shown in FIG.
- It is a figure which shows the structural example of the reactive power control apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
- 9 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the reactive power control device shown in FIG. 8;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by a reactive power command calculator in step S6B shown in FIG. 9;
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a table shown in FIG. 7;
- FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the reactive power control device shown in FIG. 12; 14 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by a reactive power command calculator in step S6C shown in FIG. 13;
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of PI control processing performed by a reactive power command calculation unit 27C in step S62C shown in FIG. 14;
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a processing circuit included in the reactive power control device according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 15;
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a power conditioner 1 in which a reactive power control device 20 according to the first embodiment is arranged.
- the reactive power control device 20 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of the reactive power control device, the reactive power control method, and the reactive power control program of the present disclosure.
- a power conditioner (PCS) 1 includes a DC power supply 11, a DC switch 12, an inverter 13, an AC switch 14, an AC power system 15, a system voltage detector 16, and a DC voltage detector. and a reactive power controller 20 .
- the PCS 1 is, for example, a PV-PCS or an ESS-PCS, converts DC power supplied from the DC power supply 11 into AC power via the inverter 13 , and outputs the AC power to the AC power system 15 .
- the description and illustration of configurations that are not used in this embodiment are omitted or simplified.
- the DC power supply 11 is connected to the DC end of the PCS1.
- the DC power supply 11 is, for example, a solar panel (PV: Photovoltaics) or a storage battery (ESS: Energy Storage System) or the like, and supplies DC power to the PCS1 from the DC terminal of the PCS1.
- the DC power supply 11 may be, for example, a DC power supply system including a wind power generator and an AC/DC converter.
- a DC switch (DC switch) 12 is provided in series with the DC bus between the DC power supply 11 and the DC end of the inverter 13, and is switched on or off in accordance with a control circuit (not shown) or an operator's turn-on or open instruction. connect or release When the DC switch 12 is opened, the DC power supplied from the DC power supply 11 is blocked from flowing into the inverter 13 .
- the inverter 13 is provided between the DC switch 12 and the AC switch 14, and is constructed with a plurality of switching elements such as IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).
- the inverter 13 has an inverter control circuit (not shown), and the inverter control circuit generates a pulse width modulation signal that is a gate drive signal for the switching element. Under the control of the inverter control circuit, the inverter 13 receives the DC power supplied from the DC power supply 11 from the DC terminal, converts it into AC power, and outputs it from the AC terminal.
- the AC switch (AC switch) 14 is provided in series with the three-phase AC circuit between the AC terminal of the inverter 13 and the AC power system 15, and is operated according to a control circuit (not shown) or an operator's input or release instruction. , to connect or open an AC circuit. When the AC switch 14 is opened, the AC power supplied from the inverter 13 is blocked from flowing out to the AC power system 15 .
- the AC power system (system) 15 is a system that integrates power generation, transformation, transmission, and distribution for supplying the AC power output from the PCS 1 to power receiving facilities of consumers. is connected.
- the system voltage detector 16 is, for example, a known AC voltmeter or AC voltage sensor, and detects the system voltage of the PCS1.
- the position where the system voltage detector 16 is provided may be anywhere as long as the system voltage of the PCS 1 can be measured, and is not limited to the position shown in FIG.
- the system voltage value measured by the system voltage detector 16 is acquired by the reactive power control device 20 .
- the DC voltage detector 17 is, for example, a known DC voltmeter or DC voltage sensor, and detects the DC voltage of the PCS1.
- the position where the DC voltage detector 17 is provided may be anywhere as long as the DC voltage of the PCS 1 can be measured, and is not limited to the position shown in FIG.
- a value of the DC voltage measured by the DC voltage detector 17 is acquired by the reactive power control device 20 .
- the reactive power control device 20 is provided inside or outside the PCS 1, for example, and is electrically connected to each element of the PCS 1 including the inverter 13 by wire or wirelessly, although wiring and the like are omitted in the drawing. ing.
- the reactive power control device 20, for example, acquires a reactive power command from the measurement value of the system voltage detector 16 or the DC voltage detector 17 and a host device (not shown), calculates the reactive power command after limitation or compensation, The calculated restricted or compensated reactive power command is output to the inverter 13 .
- the reactive power control device 20 may be realized as a function of a control unit (not shown) in the PCS 1 or an inverter control circuit (not shown).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the reactive power control device 20 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the reactive power control device 20 has a processor (not shown) such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) that operates by executing a program, for example.
- the reactive power control device 20 has a storage unit 30, and for example, by executing a predetermined program stored in the storage unit 30, operates a processor (not shown) to comprehensively control the reactive power command of the PCS 1. .
- the reactive power control device 20 obtains a system voltage acquisition and conversion unit 21, a DC voltage acquisition unit 22, a modulation factor calculation unit 23, and a reactive power command It functions as an acquisition unit 24 .
- the reactive power control device 20 similarly executes a predetermined program to perform a dead zone region determination unit 25, a command value polarity determination unit 26, a reactive power command calculation unit 27, and a reactive power command output unit 28.
- a reactive power control program executed by an arithmetic processing unit included in the reactive power control device 20 .
- each of these functions may be realized by hardware.
- the system voltage acquisition conversion unit 21 is connected to the system voltage detector 16 and acquires the system voltage value measured by the system voltage detector 16 .
- the system voltage acquisition and conversion unit 21 decomposes (dq-converts) each of the acquired values of the u-phase, v-phase, and w-phase AC system voltages into DC components, and obtains the d-axis value of the system voltage and q Calculate the value of the axis.
- the system voltage acquisition conversion unit 21 outputs the d-axis value and the q-axis value of the system voltage calculated by the dq conversion to the modulation factor calculation unit 23 .
- the DC voltage acquisition unit 22 is connected to the DC voltage detector 17 and acquires the DC voltage value measured by the DC voltage detector 17 .
- the DC voltage acquisition unit 22 outputs the acquired DC voltage value to the modulation factor calculation unit 23 .
- the system voltage acquisition and conversion unit 21 and the DC voltage acquisition unit 22 are examples of the “voltage acquisition unit”.
- the modulation factor calculation unit 23 calculates the d-axis value of the system voltage output from the system voltage acquisition conversion unit 21, the q-axis value of the system voltage, and the DC voltage value output from the DC voltage acquisition unit 22. obtained, and the modulation factor is calculated based on these values. That is, the modulation factor calculator 23 calculates the modulation factor based on the system voltage value and the DC voltage value acquired by the system voltage acquisition converter 21 and the DC voltage acquirer 22 . The modulation factor calculator 23 outputs the calculated modulation factor to the reactive power command calculator 27 . A specific operation of the modulation factor calculator 23 will be described later.
- the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 is connected to a host device (not shown) by wire or wirelessly, and acquires a reactive power command output as an analog command in percentage units, for example, from the host device (not shown).
- a host device (not shown) monitors and controls a plurality of PCSs 1 in an integrated manner.
- the reactive power command output from a host device (not shown) may fluctuate due to, for example, the power generation status of photovoltaic power generation, agreements with power companies, fluctuations in system voltage, and the like.
- the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 outputs the acquired reactive power command to the dead band area determination unit 25 and the command value polarity determination unit 26 . Note that the reactive power command output by a host device (not shown) and acquired by the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 is an example of the "first reactive power command".
- the dead band area determination unit 25 acquires the reactive power command output from the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 and determines whether the acquired reactive power command is at the dead band level.
- the threshold for determining whether or not the dead band level is reached is set to a value equal to or higher than the accuracy of the current sensor and voltage sensor of the PCS 1, for example.
- the dead band area determination unit 25 outputs the determination result as to whether or not the dead band level is reached to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 and permits or prohibits the gate pulse of the reactive power command calculation unit 27 . A specific operation of the dead zone determination unit 25 will be described later.
- the command value polarity determination unit 26 acquires the reactive power command output from the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 when the dead band region determination unit 25 determines that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level, and Determine the polarity of the reactive power command. That is, the command value polarity determination unit 26 determines whether the acquired reactive power command is greater than zero or less than zero. The command value polarity determination unit 26 outputs the determined polarity of the reactive power command to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 . A specific operation of the command value polarity determination unit 26 will be described later.
- the reactive power command calculator 27 uses the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculator 23, the determination result of whether or not the reactive power command is at the dead zone level determined by the dead zone area determiner 25, and the command value polarity determiner 26. Acquire the determination result of the polarity of the reactive power command determined by.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level from the dead band area determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27 calculates the reactive power command based on the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculation unit 23. and calculate a limited or compensated reactive power command. Then, the reactive power command calculator 27 outputs the limited or compensated reactive power command to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command limited or compensated by the reactive power command calculator 27 is an example of the "second reactive power command".
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level from the dead band area determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27 does not limit or compensate the reactive power command. reactive power command) is output to the reactive power command output unit 28 as it is. A specific operation of the reactive power command calculator 27 will be described later.
- the reactive power command output unit 28 outputs the first reactive power command or the second reactive power command output from the reactive power command calculation unit 27 to the inverter 13 . That is, when the reactive power command after limitation or compensation is calculated by the reactive power command calculation unit 27 , the reactive power command after limitation or compensation (second reactive power command) is output to the inverter 13 . On the other hand, when the reactive power command after limitation or compensation is not calculated by the reactive power command calculating unit 27, the reactive power command (first reactive power command) acquired by the reactive power command acquiring unit 24 is directly applied to the inverter 13. output to
- the storage unit 30 is, for example, a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium such as a HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a semiconductor memory. Memorize the program. In addition, the storage unit 30 stores the values obtained by the respective units of the reactive power control device 20, the calculation results obtained, the determination results obtained, and the like. Note that the storage unit 30 may be provided outside the reactive power control device 20 and connected to the reactive power control device 20 by wire or wirelessly. The storage unit 30 may be an external storage medium such as a memory card or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), or may be an online storage.
- a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium such as a HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a semiconductor memory. Memorize the program. In addition, the storage unit 30 stores the values obtained by the respective units of the reactive power control device 20, the calculation results obtained, the determination results obtained, and the like. Note that the storage unit 30 may be provided outside the reactive power control device 20 and connected to
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the reactive power control device 20 shown in FIG. The flowchart of FIG. 3 is started, for example, when the operation of PCS1 is started.
- step S1 the reactive power control device 20 acquires the system voltage and the DC voltage. That is, the system voltage acquisition and conversion unit 21 of the reactive power control device 20 acquires the value of the system voltage measured by the system voltage detector 16, performs dq conversion, and converts the d-axis value and the q-axis value of the system voltage into is calculated and acquired.
- the system voltage acquisition conversion unit 21 outputs the acquired d-axis value and q-axis value of the system voltage to the modulation factor calculation unit 23 .
- the DC voltage acquisition unit 22 of the reactive power control device 20 acquires the value of the DC voltage measured by the DC voltage detector 17 .
- the DC voltage acquisition unit 22 outputs the acquired DC voltage value to the modulation factor calculation unit 23 .
- step S2 the reactive power control device 20 calculates the modulation factor. That is, the modulation factor calculation unit 23 of the reactive power control device 20 acquires the d-axis value and the q-axis value of the system voltage from the system voltage acquisition and conversion unit 21, and obtains the DC voltage value from the DC voltage acquisition unit 22. are obtained, and the modulation rate is calculated based on these values.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by the modulation factor calculator 23 in step S2 shown in FIG.
- step S21 the modulation factor calculator 23 obtains a value obtained by squaring the d-axis value of the system voltage.
- step S22 the modulation factor calculator 23 obtains a value obtained by squaring the q-axis value of the system voltage.
- step S23 the modulation factor calculator 23 obtains a value obtained by adding the value obtained in step S21 and the value obtained in step S22.
- step S24 the modulation factor calculator 23 obtains a value obtained by taking the square root of the value obtained in step S23.
- the value obtained in step S24 becomes the amplitude.
- the modulation factor calculator 23 obtains a value obtained by multiplying the value (amplitude) obtained in step S24 by a predetermined coefficient K.
- the predetermined coefficient K is called a power utilization rate, and is a value such as 85% or 115%, for example.
- the power utilization rate (K) is, for example, a device-specific variable, and is usually determined by the device specifications, the device control method, and the like.
- step S26 the modulation factor calculator 23 multiplies the value of the DC voltage by a predetermined coefficient ( ⁇ 3/2 ⁇ 2).
- ⁇ 3/2 ⁇ 2 is an example of a predetermined coefficient (or variable) for obtaining the modulation ratio.
- the value obtained in step S26 becomes the modulation ratio.
- step S27 the modulation factor calculator 23 applies a lower limiter to the value (modulation ratio) obtained in step S26.
- the modulation factor calculator 23 prevents the value (modulation ratio) obtained in step S26, which is used in the calculation for obtaining the modulation factor, from becoming equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- step S28 the modulation factor calculator 23 divides the value obtained in step S25 by the value obtained in step S27.
- the value obtained in step S28 becomes the modulation factor. That is, the modulation factor is obtained by dividing "the system voltage amplitude multiplied by a predetermined coefficient (effective value of the system voltage)" by "the DC voltage multiplied by a predetermined coefficient (the DC voltage of PCS1)". Become.
- the modulation factor calculator 23 outputs the value (modulation factor) obtained in step S ⁇ b>28 to the reactive power command calculator 27 .
- step S2 (S21 to S28) is an example, and the method of obtaining the modulation rate is not limited to the above.
- step S6 (S6A, S6B, S6C).
- the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 acquires a reactive power command (first reactive power command) from a host device (not shown).
- the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 outputs the acquired reactive power command to the dead band area determination unit 25 and the command value polarity determination unit 26 .
- step S4 the reactive power control device 20 determines whether or not the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is in the dead zone region (dead zone level). That is, the dead zone determination unit 25 of the reactive power control device 20 acquires the reactive power command from the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 and determines whether the acquired reactive power command is in the dead zone region (dead zone level). When the dead zone determination unit 25 determines that the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is not in the dead zone region (YES side), the process proceeds to step S5. On the other hand, when the dead zone determination unit 25 determines that the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is in the dead zone (NO side), the process proceeds to step S6A.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by the dead zone area determination unit 25 in step S4 shown in FIG.
- step S41 the dead band area determination unit 25 obtains the absolute value (ABS) of the reactive power command (first reactive power command).
- step S42 the dead zone area determination unit 25 determines whether or not the absolute value (ABS) of the reactive power command (first reactive power command) obtained in step S41 is greater than a predetermined dead zone entry level.
- step S42 When it is determined in step S42 that the ABS of the reactive power command is greater than the predetermined dead zone entry level, the dead zone region determination unit 25 determines that it is not at the dead zone level, and in step S43, permits the gate pulse, and A message to that effect is output to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 .
- step S42 when it is determined in step S42 that the ABS of the reactive power command is smaller than the predetermined dead zone entry level, the dead zone region determination unit 25 determines that the dead zone level is reached, and in step S43, prohibits the gate pulse and A message to that effect is output to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 .
- step S44 the dead band area determination unit 25 determines that the ABS of the reactive power command is greater than the predetermined dead band cancellation level. Determine whether or not.
- step S44 it is assumed that it is determined in step S44 that the ABS of the reactive power command has become larger than the predetermined dead zone cancellation level.
- the dead zone area determination unit 25 determines that the level is not the dead zone level, cancels the prohibition of the gate pulse (allows the gate pulse), and outputs the effect to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 in step S43.
- step S44 determines that the ABS of the reactive power command is not greater than the predetermined dead zone cancellation level.
- the dead zone area determination unit 25 continues to determine that the dead zone level is reached, and in step S43, does not release the prohibition of the gate pulse (the gate pulse continues to be prohibited), and notifies the reactive power command calculation unit 27 to that effect. Output.
- the threshold for determining whether it is the dead zone entry level or whether it is the dead zone cancellation level is set to a value equal to or higher than the accuracy of the current sensor and voltage sensor of the PCS 1, for example. If the reactive power command is a very small value such as 1-2%, the PCS 1 cannot control the 1-2% due to current or voltage errors. Therefore, in such a case, the dead zone area determination unit 25 determines that it is at the dead zone level. In this case, the gate pulse is prohibited and control of the reactive power command of such a very small value as 1-2% is not performed.
- step S42 of FIG. Directives when the dead zone entry level in step S42 of FIG. Directives are not controlled.
- the dead zone cancellation level in step S44 of FIG. Power command control will be performed. That is, when the reactive power command becomes less than 3%, the control is not performed, and when the reactive power command becomes 5% or more after that, the control is performed.
- the gate pulse is prohibited until the reactive power command becomes 5% or more.
- the gate pulse is permitted even if it is 4%, which is smaller than the dead zone cancellation level (5%).
- step S5 the reactive power control device 20 determines the polarity of the command value of the reactive power command (first reactive power command). That is, the command value polarity determination unit 26 of the reactive power control device 20 acquires the reactive power command from the reactive power command acquisition unit 24 and determines the polarity of the acquired reactive power command.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by the command value polarity determination unit 26 in step S5 shown in FIG.
- step S51 the command value polarity determination unit 26 determines whether the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is greater than zero or less than zero.
- step S52 the command value polarity determination unit 26 performs sign determination. That is, when the reactive power command is greater than 0, the command value polarity determination unit 26 determines that the code is 1, and outputs 1, which is the determination result (polarity), to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 . On the other hand, when the reactive power command is smaller than 0, the command value polarity determination unit 26 determines that the code is 0, and outputs 0 as the determination result (polarity) to the reactive power command calculation unit 27 .
- the reactive power command it is determined in step S4 that it is in the dead zone region (NO side in step S4), so the processing of step S5 (S51 to S52) is not performed in the first place.
- the command value polarity determining unit 26 determines that the reactive power command is 1 when the reactive power command satisfies "dead zone ⁇ 0 ⁇ not dead zone” (positive), and sets 1, which is the determination result (polarity), to the reactive power command. Output to the calculation unit 27 .
- the command value polarity determining unit 26 determines that the reactive power command has a sign of 0 when it satisfies (negative) "non-dead zone ⁇ 0 ⁇ dead zone", and sets 0 as the determination result (polarity) to the reactive power command. Output to the calculation unit 27 .
- the polarity is inductive (L type)
- the reactive power command is limited in area (1)
- the polarity is capacitive (C type). Yes, the reactive power command is limited in region (2).
- the reactive power control device 20 calculates a reactive power command (second reactive power command) after restriction and compensation by limiter restriction. That is, the reactive power command calculation unit 27 of the reactive power control device 20 acquires the modulation factor from the modulation factor calculation unit 23, acquires the determination result of whether or not the reactive power command is at the dead zone level from the dead zone area determination unit 25, The determination result of the polarity of the reactive power command is obtained from the command value polarity determination unit 26 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level by the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27 performs the restriction based on the modulation rate calculated by the modulation rate calculation unit 23. Alternatively, a compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command value) is calculated. Then, the reactive power command calculation unit 27 outputs the limited or compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command value) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level from the dead band area determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27 does not limit or compensate the reactive power command. reactive power command) is output to the reactive power command output unit 28 as it is.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by the reactive power command calculator 27 in step S6A shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis is the reactive power command and the horizontal axis is the modulation factor.
- the upper half region (1) is inductive (L-type) and the lower half region (2) is capacitive (C-type).
- Limiter 1 operates in area (1), and limiter 2 operates in area (2).
- the two horizontal dotted lines in the center indicate the dead band level threshold, and when the reactive power command on the vertical axis is in the area between the two dotted lines indicating the dead band level threshold, the reactive power command is at the dead band level. indicates that there is
- the two vertical dotted lines show the threshold for the start level of restriction on the left and the threshold for the end level of restriction on the right.
- the limiter 1 or 2 operates to limit the reactive power command on the vertical axis, and when the modulation rate on the horizontal axis exceeds the limit end level, Limitation of the reactive power command on the vertical axis ends.
- the threshold for the start level of restriction and the threshold for the end level of restriction are set to predetermined values depending on the specifications of the PCS 1, usage environment, usage conditions, user, etc., or according to prior simulations, design values, and the like.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 calculates the region according to the acquired modulation rate.
- the limiter 1 is operated to limit the reactive power command.
- the reactive power command calculator 27 does not limit the reactive power command in region (1) when the acquired modulation factor does not exceed the limit start level.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 linearly adjusts the limiter 1 in the region (1) as shown in the drawing. Run to directly limit the reactive power command from +100% towards 0%.
- the reactive power command calculator 27 narrows down the upper limit value of the reactive power command so that it falls within the limiter. Then, for example, when the acquired modulation factor exceeds the limit end level, the reactive power command calculator 27 ends the limitation of the reactive power command in region (1).
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 calculates , the limiter 2 is operated in the region (2) to limit the reactive power command.
- the reactive power command calculator 27 does not limit the reactive power command in region (2) when the acquired modulation factor does not exceed the limit start level.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 sets the limiter 2 to a linear to directly limit the reactive power command from -100% towards 0%. That is, the reactive power command calculator 27 narrows down the upper limit value of the reactive power command so that it falls within the limiter. Then, for example, when the acquired modulation factor exceeds the limit end level, the reactive power command calculator 27 ends the limitation of the reactive power command in region (2).
- the reactive power command calculator 27 calculates the limited reactive power command (second reactive power command), and converts the calculated reactive power command (second reactive power command value) to the reactive power command Output to the output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 outputs the reactive power command (first reactive power command) as it is, in the same manner as when the dead band area determination unit 25 acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level. It will be output to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command is below the upper limit value (eg ⁇ 90%) of the limiter 1 or 2 is obtained, the obtained reactive power command is output without restriction.
- the limiter 1 or 2 operates according to the modulation rate and a reactive power command exceeding the limiter's upper limit (for example, ⁇ 50%) is acquired, the reactive power command is set to ⁇
- the output is limited to a value of 50%.
- the slopes of limiter 1 and limiter 2 are vertically symmetrically illustrated as straight lines, but they may be asymmetrical or curved lines.
- step S7 the reactive power control device 20 outputs a reactive power command. That is, the reactive power command output unit 28 of the reactive power control device 20 outputs the first or second reactive power command output from the reactive power command calculation unit 27 to the inverter 13 .
- the reactive power command output unit 28 outputs the reactive power command after limitation or compensation (second reactive power command) to the inverter. 13.
- the reactive power command output unit 28 outputs the reactive power command (the first reactive power command) is output to the inverter 13 as it is.
- step S8 the reactive power control device 20 determines whether or not the PCS1 has stopped.
- the reactive power control device 20 determines that the PCS 1 has stopped (YES side)
- the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 3 ends.
- the reactive power control device 20 determines that the PCS1 has not stopped (NO side)
- the process returns to step S1, and the processes of steps S1 to S8 are repeated.
- the modulation factor calculation unit 23 acquires the d-axis value and the q-axis value of the system voltage from the system voltage acquisition and conversion unit 21, The value of the DC voltage is obtained from the obtaining unit 22, and the modulation factor is calculated based on these values (S2). Thereby, the reactive power control device 20 can control the reactive power command according to the modulation rate according to the system voltage of the PCS 1 and the DC voltage.
- the dead zone area determination unit 25 acquires the reactive power command from the reactive power command acquisition unit 24, and the acquired reactive power command is the dead zone area (dead zone level ) is determined (S3). Then, the threshold for determining whether it is the dead zone entry level or whether it is the dead zone cancellation level is set to a value equal to or greater than the accuracy of the current sensor and voltage sensor of the PCS 1, for example. Thereby, the reactive power control device 20 can control the reactive power command only within the controllable range.
- the dead zone area determination unit 25 sets the value of the dead zone cancellation level to be larger than the value of the dead zone entry level as the threshold value (S3).
- the reactive power control device 20 can suppress fluctuations between gate pulse prohibition and permission in the vicinity of these values.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27 acquires the determination result that the reactive power command (first reactive power command value) is not at the dead band level, controls the reactive power command based on the acquired modulation factor (S6A). Then, when the modulation rate is between the limit start level and the limit end level, the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is limited, and the reactive power command after limitation or compensation (second reactive power command). Then, when the reactive power command after limitation or compensation (second reactive power command) is calculated, the reactive power command output unit 28 outputs the second reactive power command to the inverter 13, and outputs the second reactive power command to the inverter 13. When the first reactive power command is output to the inverter 13 (S7).
- the reactive power command can be controlled according to the modulation rate. For this reason, according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. It is possible to suppress adverse effects on devices connected to
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a reactive power control device 20B according to the second embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to the same configurations as in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted or simplified.
- the reactive power control device 20 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with the command value polarity determination unit 26, but the command value polarity determination unit 26 is not provided in the reactive power control device 20B shown in FIG.
- the reactive power control device 20 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with the reactive power command calculation unit 27 and the storage unit 30. However, in the reactive power control device 20B shown in FIG. and the storage unit 30B.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27B acquires the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculation unit 23 and the determination result of whether or not the reactive power command determined by the dead zone area determination unit 25 is at the dead zone level. Since the reactive power control device 20B is not provided with the command value polarity determination unit 26, the reactive power command calculation unit 27B does not acquire the determination result of the polarity of the reactive power command.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27B acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level by the dead band area determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27B calculates the reactive power command based on the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculation unit 23. and calculate a limited or compensated reactive power command. Then, the reactive power command calculator 27B outputs the limited or compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27B acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level by the dead band area determination unit 25, the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is output to the reactive power command output unit 28 as it is. A specific operation of the reactive power command calculator 27B will be described later.
- the storage unit 30B has the same configuration and functions as the storage unit 30 shown in FIG. Further, the storage unit 30B stores the compensation gain for the modulation rate as a table (TABLE) 31B. As an example, the storage unit 30B stores, for example, a gain corresponding to a modulation rate of 0.5, a gain corresponding to a modulation rate of 0.6, and other gains corresponding to each modulation rate as a table 31B. Note that the values (coefficients) of the table 31B are set to predetermined values according to the specifications of the PCS 1, the usage environment, the usage conditions, the user, etc., or according to prior simulations, design values, and the like. The storage unit 30B is connected to the reactive power command calculation unit 27B, and each value of the compensation gain for the modulation factor stored as the table 31B is acquired and used by the reactive power command calculation unit 27B.
- FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the reactive power control device 20B shown in FIG.
- the process of step S5 was performed, but in the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, the process of step S5 is not performed.
- the process of step S6A was performed, but in the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, this is replaced with step S6B.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 9 will be described with a focus on points that differ from the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, and descriptions of the points that are the same as in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 will be omitted or simplified. Similar to the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, the flowchart shown in FIG. 9 is started, for example, when the operation of PCS1 is started.
- step S6B the reactive power control device 20B calculates a reactive power command value (second reactive power command value) after limitation and compensation by gain compensation. That is, the reactive power command calculation unit 27B of the reactive power control device 20B acquires the modulation factor from the modulation factor calculation unit 23, and acquires the determination result as to whether or not the reactive power command is at the dead band level from the dead band region determination unit 25.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27B acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level from the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27B performs the restriction based on the modulation rate calculated by the modulation rate calculation unit 23. Alternatively, a compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command) is calculated. Then, the reactive power command calculator 27B outputs the limited or compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command value) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27B acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level from the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is output to the reactive power command output unit 28 as it is.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by the reactive power command calculator 27B in step S6B shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 shows the processing when the reactive power command calculation unit 27B obtains the determination result from the dead zone area determination unit 25 that the reactive power command is not within the dead zone level.
- step S61B the reactive power command calculation unit 27B refers to the table (TABLE) 31B stored in the storage unit 30B, and extracts the modulation factor compensation gain corresponding to the obtained modulation factor.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the table 31B shown in FIG.
- the left side indicates the modulation rate and the right side indicates the modulation rate compensation gain.
- the storage unit 30B stores, as a table 31B, a value of 1.0 for the modulation rate compensation gain when the modulation rate is at the limit start level [modulation rate: small]. Similarly, for example, in the storage unit 30B, the value of the modulation rate compensation gain when the modulation rate is (maximum limit level+start level)/2 [modulation rate: medium] is stored in the table 31B. are stored in association with each other. Similarly, for example, the storage unit 30B stores, as a table 31B, the value of the modulation rate compensation gain of 0.1 when the modulation rate is at the limit maximum level [modulation rate: large]. ing.
- the reactive power command calculator 27B selects and extracts a modulation factor compensation gain corresponding to the modulation factor, which is the input value, by referring to the table 31B shown in FIG. 11, for example.
- the maximum and minimum values of the modulation factor and modulation factor compensation gain are based on design values and the like.
- the step width of the modulation rate and the modulation rate compensation gain depends on the size of the table 31B. Therefore, the maximum accuracy of the modulation factor compensation gain extracted by the reactive power command calculation section 27B depends on the memory capacity of the storage section 30B.
- the reactive power command calculator 27B multiplies the extracted modulation factor compensation gain by the reactive power command (first reactive power command) to limit or compensate the first reactive power command. Then, the reactive power command (second reactive power command) after limitation or compensation is calculated. That is, in the present embodiment, the reactive power command is limited or compensated by multiplying the reactive power command by some coefficient. Thereby, the reactive power command is adjusted by the modulation factor compensation gain, and the modulation factor is controlled. Then, the reactive power command calculation unit 27B outputs the reactive power command after limitation or compensation (second reactive power command) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a reactive power control device 20C according to the third embodiment. 1 to 7 and the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted or Simplify.
- the command value polarity determination unit 26 is provided, but in the reactive power control device 20C shown in FIG. 12, the command value A polarity determination unit 26 is not provided.
- the reactive power control device 20 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a reactive power command calculation unit 27 and a storage unit 30, and the reactive power control device 20B shown in FIG. It was replaced with 30B.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27C acquires the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculation unit 23 and the determination result of whether or not the reactive power command determined by the dead zone area determination unit 25 is at the dead zone level. Since the reactive power control device 20C is not provided with the command value polarity determination unit 26, the reactive power command calculation unit 27C does not obtain the determination result of the polarity of the reactive power command.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27C acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level from the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27C calculates the reactive power command based on the modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculation unit 23. and calculate a limited or compensated reactive power command. Then, the reactive power command calculator 27C outputs the limited or compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27C acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level by the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27C does not limit or compensate the reactive power command. reactive power command) is output to the reactive power command output unit 28 as it is. A specific operation of the reactive power command calculator 27C will be described later.
- the storage unit 30C has the same configuration and functions as the storage unit 30 shown in FIG. Furthermore, the storage unit 30C stores a modulation rate reference corresponding to the modulation rate. Note that the modulation rate reference is set to a predetermined value according to the specifications of the PCS 1, the usage environment, the usage situation, the user, or the like, or according to prior simulations, design values, and the like. Note that the storage unit 30C is connected to the reactive power command calculation unit 27C, and the value of the modulation rate reference is obtained and used by the reactive power command calculation unit 27C.
- FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation of the reactive power control device 20C shown in FIG.
- the process of step S5 is performed, but in the flowchart shown in FIG. 13, like the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, the process of step S5 is not performed.
- the process of step S6A is performed, and in the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, this is replaced with step S6B, but in the flowchart shown in FIG. 13, this is replaced with step S6C.
- FIG. 13 the flowchart shown in FIG. 13 will be described with a focus on points that differ from the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, and descriptions of the points that are the same as those in the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 3 and 9 will be omitted or simplified. Similar to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, the flowchart shown in FIG. 13 is started, for example, when the operation of PCS1 is started.
- step S6C the reactive power control device 20C calculates a reactive power command value after limitation and compensation (second reactive power command value) by control compensation. That is, the reactive power command calculation unit 27C of the reactive power control device 20C acquires the modulation factor from the modulation factor calculation unit 23, and acquires the determination result as to whether or not the reactive power command is at the dead zone level from the dead zone area determination unit 25.
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27C acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is not at the dead band level from the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command calculation unit 27C performs the restriction based on the modulation rate calculated by the modulation rate calculation unit 23. Alternatively, a compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command value) is calculated. Then, the reactive power command calculator 27C outputs the limited or compensated reactive power command (second reactive power command value) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- the reactive power command calculation unit 27C acquires the determination result that the reactive power command is at the dead band level from the dead band region determination unit 25, the reactive power command (first reactive power command) is output to the reactive power command output unit 28 as it is.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of processing performed by the reactive power command calculator 27C in step S6C shown in FIG. FIG. 13 shows the processing when the reactive power command calculation unit 27C obtains the determination result from the dead zone area determination unit 25 that the reactive power command does not fall within the dead zone level.
- step S61C the reactive power command calculation unit 27C acquires the modulation factor reference stored in the storage unit 30C and the current modulation factor calculated by the modulation factor calculation unit 23, and Calculate the difference between
- step S62C the reactive power command calculation unit 27C applies PI (Proportional-Integral) control to the difference obtained in step S61C to obtain a control amount that makes the difference or deviation zero.
- PI Proportional-Integral
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of PI control processing performed by the reactive power command calculator 27C in step S62C shown in FIG.
- step 62C shown in FIG. 14 is represented by steps S621C to S626C.
- the reactive power command calculator 27C finds the deviation of the difference between the modulation factor reference found at step S61C and the current modulation factor.
- the reactive power command calculator 27C performs proportional control (P control) based on the deviation obtained at step S621C and Kp. Note that Kp is a proportional gain.
- the reactive power command calculator 27C integrates the deviation obtained at step S621C.
- step S624C the reactive power command calculator 27C performs integral control (I control) based on the integral of the deviation obtained in step S623C and Kp/Ti.
- Kp is a proportional gain and Ti is an integral gain (time constant).
- step S625C the reactive power command calculation unit 27C adds the control amount obtained by the proportional control (P control) of S622C and the control amount obtained by the integral control (I control) of steps S623C and S624C. Find the control amount.
- step S626C the reactive power command calculation unit 27C multiplies the control amount obtained in step S625C by a predetermined limiter to obtain a PI control output of the reactive power compensation term.
- the reactive power command calculator 27C adds the control amount obtained in step S62C to the reactive power command (first reactive power command) to limit or limit the first reactive power command.
- a reactive power command (second reactive power command) after compensation and limitation or compensation is calculated. That is, in the present embodiment, the reactive power command is limited or compensated by gradually adding the control amount obtained by the PI control to the reactive power command. Then, the reactive power command calculation unit 27C outputs the reactive power command after limitation or compensation (second reactive power command) to the reactive power command output unit 28 .
- step S62C If the control amount obtained in step S62C is a negative value, the reactive power command calculator 27C adds the negative control amount to the reactive power command (first reactive power command) (result control amount is subtracted).
- step S62C is addition instead of multiplication is that, for example, if there is no difference or deviation between the modulation factor reference and the current modulation factor and it is zero, it is multiplied by zero to make it invalid. This is to avoid the power command (second reactive power command) from becoming zero.
- PI control is performed on the deviation between the modulation rate reference and the modulation rate that is the input value, and the output of the PI control is added to the reactive power command.
- the modulation rate is controlled by It should be noted that the modulation rate standard depends on the design or the like.
- the modulation rate reference during device rated discharge operation may be a fixed value or a variable value that allows an arbitrary set value to be input from the outside.
- the response speed for limiting or compensating for the reactive power command can be changed according to the control speed of PI control. That is, by increasing the control speed of PI control, it is possible to increase the response speed for limiting or compensating for the reactive power command.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing a hardware configuration example of a processing circuit included in the reactive power control devices 20, 20B, and 20C according to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 15.
- the processing circuitry comprises at least one processor 91 and at least one memory 92 .
- the processing circuitry comprises at least one piece of dedicated hardware 93 .
- each function is implemented by software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware. At least one of software and firmware is written as a program. At least one of software and firmware is stored in memory 92 .
- the processor 91 implements each function by reading out and executing a program stored in the memory 92 .
- the processing circuit may be, for example, a single circuit, multiple circuits, a programmed processor, or a combination thereof. Each function is realized by a processing circuit.
- Each function of the reactive power control devices 20, 20B, and 20C may be configured partially or wholly by hardware, or may be configured as a program executed by a processor. That is, the reactive power control devices 20, 20B, and 20C can also be implemented by a computer and a program, and the program can be stored in a storage medium or provided through a network.
- the reactive power control devices 20, 20B, and 20C have been described as examples. It can also be implemented as a reactive power control method in which processing steps are performed.
- the present disclosure can also be implemented as a reactive power control program that causes a computer to execute the processing steps of each unit of the reactive power control devices 20, 20B, and 20C.
- the present disclosure can also be implemented as a storage medium (non-temporary computer-readable medium) storing the reactive power control program. That is, the reactive power control program can be stored and distributed on a CD (Compact Disc), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), a removable disk such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, or the like. Note that the reactive power control program may be downloaded from a network via a network interface or the like included in the reactive power control devices 20, 20B, 20C and stored in the storage units 30, 30B, 30C.
- SYMBOLS 1 PCS (power conditioner, power converter); 11... DC power supply; 12... DC switch (DC switch); 13... Inverter; 14... AC switch (AC switch); 15... AC power system (system) 16... System voltage detector; 17... DC voltage detector; 20, 20B, 20C... Reactive power control device; 21... System voltage acquisition converter; Reactive power command acquisition unit; 25 Dead band region determination unit; 26 Command value polarity determination unit; 27, 27B, 27C Reactive power command calculation unit; 28 Reactive power command output unit; 31B... Table (TABLE); 91... Processor; 92... Memory; 93... Hardware;
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態に係る無効電力制御装置20が配置されたパワーコンディショナ1の構成例を示す図である。なお、図1に示す無効電力制御装置20は、本件開示の無効電力制御装置、無効電力制御方法、及び無効電力制御プログラムの一例である。
図3は、図2に示した無効電力制御装置20の動作の一例を示すフローチャートである。図3のフローチャートは、例えば、PCS1の運転が開始されたときに開始される。
以上、図1~図7に示す第1実施形態によれば、変調率算出部23は、系統電圧取得変換部21から系統電圧のd軸の値とq軸の値とを取得し、直流電圧取得部22から直流電圧の値とを取得し、これらの値に基づいて変調率を算出する(S2)。これにより、無効電力制御装置20は、PCS1の系統電圧と直流電圧とに応じた変調率に応じて無効電力指令を制御することができる。
図8は、第2実施形態に係る無効電力制御装置20Bの構成例を示す図である。なお、第2実施形態において、図1~図7に示す第1実施形態と同様の構成については同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略又は簡略化する。
以上、図8~図11に示す第2実施形態によれば、図1~図7に示す第1実施形態と同様の効果を奏する。
図12は、第3実施形態に係る無効電力制御装置20Cの構成例を示す図である。なお、第3実施形態において、図1~図7に示す第1実施形態及び図8~図11に示す第2実施形態と同様の構成については同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明は省略又は簡略化する。
以上、図12~図15に示す第3実施形態によれば、図1から図7に示す第1実施形態と同様の効果を奏する。
図16は、図1~図15に示す実施形態に係る無効電力制御装置20、20B、20Cが有する処理回路のハードウェア構成例を示す概念図である。上述した各機能は処理回路により実現される。一態様として、処理回路は、少なくとも1つのプロセッサ91と少なくとも1つのメモリ92とを備える。他の態様として、処理回路は、少なくとも1つの専用のハードウェア93を備える。
以上、図1~図16に示す実施形態によれば、図1~図7に示す第1実施形態と、図8~図11に示す第2実施形態と、図12~図15に示す第3実施形態とに実施形態が分かれているが、これには限られない。これらの実施形態の一部又は全部は、直列又は並列に組み合わされてもよい。実施形態が組み合わされることにより、組み合わされた実施形態は、組み合わされる前の各実施形態が奏する各作用効果を全て奏することができる。
Claims (7)
- 系統電圧と直流電圧とを検出する電圧取得部と、
前記電圧取得部により取得された前記系統電圧と前記直流電圧とを用いて変調率を算出する変調率算出部と、
上位装置から第1の無効電力指令を取得する無効電力指令取得部と、
前記無効電力指令取得部により取得された前記第1の無効電力指令が不感帯レベルか否かを判定する不感帯領域判定部と、
前記不感帯領域判定部により、前記第1の無効電力指令が前記不感帯レベルではないと判定されたときに、前記変調率算出部により算出された前記変調率に基づいて、前記第1の無効電力指令を制限又は補償して第2の無効電力指令を算出する無効電力指令算出部と、
前記無効電力指令算出部により前記第2の無効電力指令が算出されたときは、前記第2の無効電力指令を出力し、前記無効電力指令算出部により前記第2の無効電力指令が算出されなかったときは、前記第1の無効電力指令を出力する無効電力指令出力部と、
を備えることを特徴とする無効電力制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の無効電力制御装置において、
前記無効電力指令取得部により取得された前記第1の無効電力指令が0より大きいか否かを判定する指令値極性判定部を
さらに備え、
前記無効電力指令算出部は、前記指令値極性判定部により、前記第1の無効電力指令が0より大きいと判定されたときは、誘導性の領域において前記第1の無効電力指令を制限して前記第2の無効電力指令を算出し、前記第1の無効電力指令が0より小さいと判定されたときは、容量性の領域において前記第1の無効電力指令を制限して前記第2の無効電力指令を算出する
ことを特徴とする無効電力制御装置。 - 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の無効電力制御装置において、
前記無効電力指令算出部は、前記変調率が所定の制限開始レベルを超えたときに、前記第1の無効電力指令の制限を開始し、前記変調率が所定の制限終了レベルを超えたときは、前記第1の無効電力指令の制限を終了する
ことを特徴とする無効電力制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の無効電力制御装置において、
前記変調率に応じた変調率補償ゲインがテーブルとして記憶された記憶部を
さらに備え、
前記無効電力指令算出部は、前記記憶部に記憶された前記テーブルを参照して、前記変調率に応じた前記変調率補償ゲインを抽出し、抽出された前記変調率補償ゲインを前記第1の無効電力指令に乗算することにより、前記第1の無効電力指令を制限又は補償して前記第2の無効電力指令を算出する
ことを特徴とする無効電力制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の無効電力制御装置において、
所定の変調率基準が記憶された記憶部を
さらに備え、
前記無効電力指令算出部は、前記記憶部に記憶された前記変調率基準と前記変調率との差分又は偏差を算出し、算出された前記差分又は偏差にPI制御を行い、前記PI制御により求められた制御量を前記第1の無効電力指令に加算することにより、前記第1の無効電力指令を制限又は補償して第2の無効電力指令を算出する
ことを特徴とする無効電力制御装置。 - 系統電圧と直流電圧とを検出する電圧取得ステップと、
前記電圧取得ステップにより取得された前記系統電圧と前記直流電圧とを用いて変調率を算出する変調率算出ステップと、
上位装置から第1の無効電力指令を取得する無効電力指令取得ステップと、
前記無効電力指令取得ステップにより取得された前記第1の無効電力指令が不感帯レベルか否かを判定する不感帯領域判定ステップと、
前記不感帯領域判定ステップにより、前記第1の無効電力指令が前記不感帯レベルではないと判定されたときに、前記変調率算出ステップにより算出された前記変調率に基づいて、前記第1の無効電力指令を制限又は補償して第2の無効電力指令を算出する無効電力指令算出ステップと、
前記無効電力指令算出ステップにより前記第2の無効電力指令が算出されたときは、前記第2の無効電力指令を出力し、前記無効電力指令算出ステップにより前記第2の無効電力指令が算出されなかったときは、前記第1の無効電力指令を出力する無効電力指令出力ステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする無効電力制御方法。 - 請求項6に記載の無効電力制御方法の処理をコンピュータに実行させる
ことを特徴とする無効電力制御プログラム。
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JP2018519774A (ja) * | 2015-07-02 | 2018-07-19 | ダイナパワー カンパニー エルエルシー | アクティブスタンドバイモードを有する電力変換器システム及びそれを制御する方法 |
JP2019103296A (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 圧延システム用制御装置および圧延システム |
WO2020144841A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換システムおよび電力変換装置 |
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JP2018082530A (ja) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電圧変動補償装置並びに送配電系統の運用方法 |
JP2019103296A (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 圧延システム用制御装置および圧延システム |
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