WO2023099657A1

WO2023099657A1 - Ceiling formwork element

Info

Publication number: WO2023099657A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/084038
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christoph BARON; Philipp Schagerl
Original assignee: Doka Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-12-01
Filing date: 2022-12-01
Publication date: 2023-06-08
Also published as: DE102021213606A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a ceiling formwork element (2) for connecting to a supporting head (4) of a formwork support (3), comprising a frame (6) for a formwork board (5), and a blocking element (10) on the frame (6) for engaging under a securing protrusion (11) on the supporting head (4) of the formwork support (3), wherein the blocking element (10) is connected to a spring element (12) such that the blocking element (10) can be transferred from a blocking position into a release position against the spring force of the spring element (12).

Description

slab formwork element

The invention relates to a slab formwork element for connection to a prop head of a formwork prop, comprising: a frame for a formwork panel, a locking element on the frame for gripping under a securing projection on the prop head of the formwork prop.

The invention also relates to ceiling formwork, comprising: a ceiling formwork element and a formwork prop with a prop head.

Finally, the invention relates to a method for constructing ceiling formwork and a method for dismantling ceiling formwork.

Various designs of floor formwork are known in the prior art, in which floor formwork elements are supported on the prop heads of formwork props. The slab formwork element is secured horizontally by the arrangement on the formwork supports. In the case of such slab formwork, it is also known that the prop head of the formwork prop has an undercut which is brought into engagement with a corresponding safety device on the slab formwork element.

For example, DE 42 11 200 C2 shows a support head with hook strips, into which a corresponding hook edge can be hung on a formwork panel element.

With the aid of this safety device, the slab formwork element is secured in the assembled state on the prop head of the formwork prop in the vertical direction. This is referred to as an anti-lift device, which ensures in particular that the slab formwork element remains connected to the prop head in the event of wind loads that can act on the slab formwork element from below. Since slab formwork elements are typically supported on four formwork supports at the four corners, the Structure of the slab formwork an intermediate state arise in which the slab formwork element rests on only three formwork heads. In this situation, too, the blocking element ensures that the position is appropriately secured in the vertical direction.

However, the known excavation safeguards have considerable disadvantages. If the safety device is integrated into the prop head, the lifting safety device cannot be deactivated. It is therefore not possible to build a single ceiling formwork element from a field of ceiling formwork elements or to install a single ceiling formwork element in a gap in such a field of ceiling formwork elements. It is generally necessary to swivel the slab formwork elements up into the required position. Vertical installation or removal is not possible.

In principle, this problem can be solved by using additional parts that can be dismantled to protect against excavation.

DE 4308607 A1 shows an example of this, which addresses the problem that with the prior art of DE 42 11 200 C2, when several formwork panel elements are arranged in their horizontal position, stripping can only begin at a specific point. DE 4308607 A1, on the other hand, provides weight wings that can be pivoted about a cylinder pin, with which the retaining edge on the formwork panel element can be overlapped. However, the disadvantage is that the function of such weight or Gravity wings can be affected by debris. Furthermore, this state of the art is only designed for horizontal slab formwork, since the weight wings always pivot into the vertical position.

In general, the known versions harbor the risk of misuse. The consequences can be particularly serious if the anti-lift device is not mounted correctly or - in the case of removable anti-lift devices - if it is forgotten at all. Another solution is known from AT 409 648 B, in which a formwork support can be held on the prop head with a snap spring. However, this design is susceptible to contamination and damage. In addition, the complexity and weight of the prop head is increased.

Against this background, the aim of the present invention is to alleviate or eliminate at least individual disadvantages of the prior art. to fix . The object of the invention is preferably to create an excavation safeguard for ceiling formwork, which opens up more variable application options without neglecting the safety aspects.

This object is achieved by a slab formwork element according to claim 1 , a slab formwork according to claim 16 , a method for constructing a slab formwork according to claim 21 and a method for dismantling a slab formwork according to claim 24 .

In the ceiling formwork element according to the invention, the blocking element is connected to a spring element, so that the blocking element can be transferred from a blocking position into a release position against the spring force of the spring element.

The ceiling formwork according to the invention has a ceiling formwork element and a formwork prop with a prop head. The support head has a securing projection, with the blocking element gripping under the securing projection of the support head in the blocked position.

In the locked position, the locking element on the frame of the ceiling formwork element is set up to grip under the securing projection on the prop head. This means that the blocking element is arranged under the securing projection on the support head in such a way that the slab formwork element is blocked against being lifted vertically upwards. As in the prior art, the blocking element in the blocking position acts as an excavation safeguard, which prevents the slab formwork element from being lifted off the prop head, in particular as a result of wind loads from below. According to the invention the blocking element can be deflected elastically against the spring force of the spring element in order to move the blocking element from the blocking position under the securing projection into the release position laterally next to the securing projection. Thus, the blocking element can be deactivated by overcoming the spring force of the spring element, in order to enable, for example, a vertical lowering of the ceiling formwork element onto the support head or a vertical lifting of the ceiling formwork element from the support head. Due to the elastic restoring forces of the spring element, the blocking element returns to the starting position in the unloaded state, which corresponds to the blocking position when the ceiling formwork element is mounted on the formwork support. The blocking element is thus prestressed in the direction of the blocking position with the aid of the spring element. This reduces operating errors. Furthermore, it is avoided that the blocking element unintentionally remains in the release position. Advantageously, the possible uses of the ceiling formwork element can thus be expanded without impairing safety. Furthermore, the embodiment according to the invention is less susceptible to damage or soiling.

For the purposes of this disclosure, the location and directional information such as "top", "bottom", "vertical", "hori zontal" refer to an intended use of the slab formwork, with the formwork support in a vertical orientation on a hori zontal base turned off and the ceiling formwork element is arranged hori zontally in the concreting position. Of course, the slab formwork can also be used to produce sloping slabs, in which case the location and direction information must be transferred accordingly.

In order to achieve lateral mobility of the blocking element between the blocking and the release position, it is favorable if the blocking element can be pivoted from the blocking position into the release position about a preferably substantially horizontal pivot axis. Thus, the blocking element can be pivoted away from the blocking position under the securing projection on the support head against the spring force, so that, for example, lifting of the Slab formwork element is released. In addition, the support can be removed in the release position or a ceiling formwork element can be inserted from above.

For a secure and stable connection to the securing projection on the support head, it is favorable if the blocking element is provided on a lower edge area of a longitudinal or transverse side part of the frame. By arranging the blocking element on the lower edge area of the side part, it can be ensured that the blocking element is arranged in the blocking position under the securing projection of the prop head, so that the intended protection against excavation, d. H . the protection against unintentional lifting of the slab formwork element from the prop head of the formwork prop is achieved. Depending on the design, the blocking element can be located on a longitudinal or a transverse side of the frame, with the longitudinal side relating to the longer side of the slab formwork element and the transverse side to the narrower side of the slab formwork element, which is preferably connected to the formwork panel when viewed from above is rectangular.

In a preferred embodiment, the blocking element in the blocking position is preferably arranged essentially completely under a holding edge on the upper side of the frame. The retaining edge supports an edge of the formwork panel on the underside and can project outwards laterally over a longitudinal or transverse side part of the frame. Due to the fact that the blocking element is covered on the upper side by the retaining edge in the blocking position, the blocking element is protected, in particular from falling objects and from contamination from concrete.

The holding edge preferably has a drip edge on the outside on the underside, which further improves the protection of the blocking element.

If the spring element is attached to the inside of the side part of the frame, protection against dirt is achieved which reduces functional impairments. Advantageously, the mobility of the blocking element between the blocking position (activated state) and the release position (deactivated state) can also be guaranteed under the adverse conditions typical of construction sites.

With regard to a compact, light and inexpensive construction, a flat spring can be provided as the spring element, which is connected to the frame at one end and to the blocking element at the other end. A spring plate, for example, can be provided as the flat spring. The flat spring is preferably connected to the frame via a fixed connection, in particular a riveted connection. In the locking position of the locking element, the flat spring is preferably arranged essentially parallel to a side part of the frame. This achieves a particularly space-saving and protected arrangement. It is particularly favorable if the flat spring does not protrude inward beyond a lower edge of the frame in the locked position.

In a further embodiment, a spring clip is provided as the spring element, which can be bent from a round wire, for example.

In a first preferred embodiment, the blocking element protrudes outwards from the side part of the frame in the blocking position, in particular essentially in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the frame. Thus, in the locked position, the locking element protrudes laterally from the outside of the frame, as a result of which the locking element is arranged in the locked position under the securing projection on the support head.

On the one hand to protect the spring element inside the frame and on the other hand to enable the securing projection to be gripped underneath outside of the frame, the side part of the frame preferably has a through-opening through which the blocking element protrudes outwards in the blocking position. The through-opening preferably has the same cross-sectional geometry as the locking element on . If, for example, a pin with a circular cross-section is provided as the blocking element, a circular passage opening can be provided on the side part of the frame. The blocking element is preferably arranged in the blocking position with an essentially precise fit, but preferably with a (small) amount of play, in the through-opening on the side part.

Depending on the design, a pin, for example, can be provided as the blocking element. The spigot may have a circular cross-section. Furthermore, the pin can be tapered forward at the free end. However, the blocking element can also have other shapes, for example the blocking element can be designed as a pawl with a non-circular cross section, in particular with a rectangular cross section.

In a preferred embodiment, the blocking element is permanently connected to the spring element.

In a further preferred embodiment, the blocking element and the spring element are connected to one another in that the blocking element rests against the spring element, in particular at the lower end of the spring element. The blocking element can be moved from the blocking to the release position against the spring force of the spring element. This embodiment is particularly advantageous if the side part of the frame has the passage opening described above, through which the blocking element protrudes outwards in the blocking position. The separate design of the blocking and spring element results in the advantage that the spring force can be transferred to the blocking element without the blocking element being bound to the movement of the spring element. The flat spring described above is preferably provided as the spring element, which is connected at one end to the frame and at the other end, here via the contact on the contact surfaces, to the blocking element. During the transfer from the blocking to the release position, the flat spring is pivoted, with the blocking element opening essentially to the left along the passage opening. can be moved near . Advantageously, the blocking element does not have to go along with the pivoting of the spring element, since a relative movement between the blocking element and the spring element is made possible. In the case of a fixed connection of the spring element to the blocking element, the problem could arise that the blocking element can become wedged in the through-opening when pivoting with the spring element. This problem can be reliably avoided by using the separate spring element in contact with the blocking element. This advantage occurs in particular when the blocking element is guided in the through-opening with little play. The transmission of the spring force via the contact surfaces is also advantageous with regard to dirt, which can accumulate at the through-opening. Finally, the installation and removal of the spring and locking element is particularly simple if the spring and locking element are designed as separate components that are brought into contact in the assembled state.

In a preferred embodiment, the blocking element has a hook pointing upwards, particularly at the free end. If the securing projection on the prop head has a hook element pointing downwards, in particular diagonally downwards, the slab formwork element is even better protected against unintentional lifting off the prop head in the locked position. In the concreting position of the slab formwork, the upward-pointing hook of the slab-forming element is arranged adjacent to the downward-pointing hook element of the prop head in such a way that the hook of the slab-forming element hooks onto the hook element of the prop head, the blocking element remains in the blocking position and lifting is thus prevented, if the ceiling formwork element is lifted obliquely upwards, for example, into the release position without prior transfer of the blocking element. The hook of the ceiling formwork element can only pass through the hook element of the support head if the blocking element is deactivated against the force of the spring element before the ceiling formwork element is raised.

The support head preferably has two downward-pointing hook elements on each securing projection on the underside on . This allows the hooks to be secured to the locking elements of two adjacent slab formwork elements.

In order to provide sufficient spring force for the transfer between the locking and release positions, the locking element can be attached to the free end of the spring element.

In a further preferred embodiment, the blocking element protrudes inwards from the frame. In this embodiment, the blocking element is located inside the frame in the release and in the blocking position, as a result of which the blocking element is particularly reliably protected from dirt and damage.

For a secure connection to the support head, it is favorable in this embodiment if the blocking element protrudes essentially diagonally inwards from a corner area between two side parts of the frame.

In a structurally simple and reliable design, the blocking element is formed in one piece with the spring element.

A flat piece can be provided for the one-piece formation of the blocking and spring element. The blocking element can be formed by the free end of the flat piece. In order to facilitate engagement with the securing projection, the free end of the flat piece can be bent, in particular by bending or bending. Fold edge, be angled. The spring element can be formed by an elastically deformable middle section of the flat piece.

In addition, the flat piece can have at least one fastening section for fastening to the inside of the frame. The fastening section can be connected via a connecting section to the middle section to form the spring element, with the middle section merging into the free end to form the blocking element. When fastening in the corner area between two abutting side parts of the frame, it is favorable if the flat piece has two fastening sections arranged at an angle of preferably essentially 90° to one another, which are fastened to adjacent side parts of the frame, in particular arranged at an angle of 90° to one another are .

In order to secure against excavation in different areas of the floor formwork element, in particular in all four corners of the floor formwork element, several, in particular four, locking elements are preferred on the frame, in particular on the longitudinal and/or transverse sides of the frame and/or on the corner areas of the frame , intended . The blocking elements can be designed identically and according to one of the embodiment variants described above. Thus, the blocking elements can each be connected to a spring element, so that the blocking elements can each be transferred from the blocking to the release position against the spring force of the spring element. Depending on the design, two locking elements can be located at opposite ends of the longitudinal or transverse side of the frame in order to grip under the securing projections of two spaced-apart formwork supports. It is particularly preferred if there are two locking elements at opposite ends on each of the two longitudinal or transverse sides of the frame in order to grip under the securing projections of four formwork supports arranged at a distance from one another. These design variants can also be combined with one another. Thus, in each case two blocking elements can be provided at opposite ends on opposite longitudinal and transverse sides of the frame. A total of eight blocking elements are provided in this variant.

To achieve a scarf surface, d. H . a surface in contact with concrete, the frame can be connected to the formwork panel at the top. In one version, the formwork panel is firmly connected to the frame. In this way, a so-called frame formwork is obtained, which as (as intended non - dismountable ) single component is used . In an alternative embodiment, the formwork panel is reversibly detachably connected to the frame. In this embodiment, the ceiling formwork element can therefore be dismantled into the frame and the formwork panel.

The at least one securing projection on the support head is preferably in one piece, d. H . cannot be dismantled, connected to a base plate of the support head.

In a preferred embodiment, the securing projection on the prop head has a ramp on the upper side for actuating the blocking element when the ceiling formwork element is lowered vertically onto the prop head in a horizontal position.

In a first embodiment variant of the prop head, the securing projection is directed outwards with respect to a longitudinal axis of the formwork prop. In this case, the blocking element in the blocking position can protrude outwards from the side part of the frame, in particular essentially in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the frame.

In a second embodiment variant of the support head, the securing projection is directed inwards. In this variant, the locking element from the frame inwards, d. H . toward a center of the frame.

In order to be able to mount several ceiling formwork elements on the prop head, the prop head preferably has several, in particular four, securing projections for connection to several, in particular four, ceiling formwork elements. Exactly four securing projections are preferably provided on the support head, each of which can be connected to at least one locking element on the frame of the ceiling formwork element.

At least the following steps are carried out in the process of constructing a slab formwork: Providing a formwork prop with a prop head, providing a slab formwork element in one of the embodiments described above, and

Connecting the ceiling formwork element to the prop head of the formwork prop, with the locking element being arranged on the frame of the ceiling formwork element below the securing projection on the prop head of the formwork prop, so that the ceiling formwork element is secured against lifting off the formwork prop.

In a first embodiment of the method, the slab formwork element is swung up over a longitudinal or transverse side of the frame to arrange the blocking element in the blocking position, with the blocking element preferably not coming into contact with the securing projection on the prop head.

In a second embodiment variant of the method, the slab formwork element is lowered essentially vertically onto the prop head for arranging the blocking element in the blocking position, with the blocking element being deflected into the release position against the spring force of the spring element when it hits the securing projection, and as it is lowered further by the spring force is transferred to the locked position.

In the method for dismantling a slab formwork, in which a slab formwork element is connected to a formwork support in one of the embodiment variants described above, at least the following steps are carried out:

Transferring the blocking element of the ceiling formwork element from the blocking position to the release position, and

Lifting off the ceiling formwork element essentially in the vertical direction from the formwork support.

The invention is explained further with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Fig. 1 to 3 each show an embodiment variant of a inventive ceiling formwork, in which several ceiling formwork elements are supported on formwork supports.

4 and 5 show detailed views of a ceiling formwork element according to the invention in a mounted state on the prop head and secured against lifting with a spring-loaded locking element.

6 to 8 show an embodiment variant in which the ceiling formwork element is pivoted up by a shorter transverse side into the mounted position on the prop head.

9 to 11 show a further variant in which the slab formwork element is pivoted up around a longitudinal side into the mounted position on the prop head.

12 to 14 show a further variant in which the ceiling formwork element is lowered vertically down onto the support head.

15 to 17 show different embodiments of the ceiling formwork element, which differ in the number and arrangement of the locking elements for securing against excavation.

Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 show views of a further embodiment variant of the ceiling formwork element, in which the locking element is arranged inside the frame.

Fig. 20 shows a section along the line XX-XX in Fig. 21.

21 shows a plan view of the ceiling formwork element according to FIGS. 18 to 20.

FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 show a further embodiment variant in which the locking element has a hook at the free end to secure it on the support head.

Fig. 24 to Fig. 26 show another embodiment, at which is the blocking element separately from the spring element, wherein the blocking element rests against the spring element in such a way that the blocking element can be moved against the spring force of the spring element.

1 to 3 show different variants of a ceiling formwork 1, with which a ceiling or floor element can be concreted. Depending on the dimension of the ceiling or floor element, the ceiling formwork 1 has several, here for example six, ceiling formwork elements 2, which are supported on telescopic, i.e. length-adjustable, ceiling or formwork supports 3. The formwork supports 3 are in a vertical position on a horizontal base. At the upper end, the formwork supports 3 each have a support head 4, on which one to four ceiling formwork elements 2 can be reversibly attached at the corners. The ceiling formwork elements 2 each have a (single-part or multi-part) formwork panel 5 which is rectangular in shape with longer longitudinal sides and shorter transverse or narrow sides. The tops of the formwork panels form a flat formwork surface, which comes into contact with the concrete during concreting. The ceiling formwork element 2 also has a formwork frame, frame 6 for short below, which carries the formwork panel 5 . The frame 6 has four side parts 7, namely two longitudinal side parts 7A on the longitudinal sides of the ceiling formwork element 2 and two transverse side parts 7B on the transverse or narrow sides of the ceiling formwork element 2. In the embodiment shown, the side parts 7 are arranged perpendicularly to the main plane of the ceiling formwork element 2, defined by the formwork skin of the formwork panel 5.

In the embodiment variant of FIG. 1, the ceiling formwork element 2 is designed as a frame formwork element, in which a single formwork panel 5 is connected to the frame 6. Depending on the design, the formwork panel can be connected to the frame 6 in a fixed manner, ie in a way that it cannot be dismantled as intended, or can be reversibly detachably connected. In addition, longitudinal and/or transverse reinforcements between the longitudinal 7A and/or transverse side parts 7B of the Frame 6 may be provided.

In the embodiment variant from FIG. 2, two formwork elements 9, each together with the formwork panel 5, are reversibly and detachably connected to the peripheral frame 6, in particular in an assembly position inclined to the horizontal.

In the embodiment variant from FIG. 3, the frame 6 is first arranged in the horizontal concreting position and then connected to the formwork panel 5 (not shown in FIG. 3).

All design variants of the ceiling formwork element 2 have in common that at least one locking element 10 is arranged on the frame 6, which, when the ceiling formwork element 2 is in the assembled state on the formwork supports 3, grips under one of the four securing projections 11 that are provided on the support heads 4 of the formwork support 3. The securing projection 11 thus forms an undercut for the blocking element 10 . Furthermore, 4 holding parts 4A, here holding pins, are provided on the support heads 4, on which the ceiling formwork element 2 is placed. The retaining pins 4A are used both for hori zontal security and as a fulcrum for a previously described type of assembly. As a result, the ceiling formwork element 2 is secured against being lifted out, which could be caused in particular by wind forces that can load the ceiling formwork element 2 from below.

In the embodiments shown, the blocking element 10 is connected to a spring element 12 in such a way that the blocking element 10 moves against the spring force of the spring element 12 from a blocking position under the securing projection 11 into a release position arranged laterally next to the securing projection 11, here a temporary assembly position , can be moved .

In the version shown, the excavation safety or Blocking element 10 in the main plane of the slab formwork element merits 2 , i . H . mounted on the support head 4 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis on the frame 6 . The blocking element 10 is provided on a lower edge region of one of the longitudinal 7A or transverse side parts 7B of the frame 6 such that the blocking element 10 is arranged under the securing projection 11 when the ceiling formwork element 2 is installed on the support head 4 .

Advantageously, in the locked position, the locking element 10 is arranged essentially completely under a retaining edge 6A on the upper side of the frame 6 . Thus, in the locking position, the blocking element 10 is covered on the upper side by the holding edge 6A, which encloses the formwork panel 5 at the edge and protrudes laterally beyond the side part 7 to the outside. This protects the blocking element 10 , in particular against falling objects and contamination from concrete, for example.

The holding edge 6A preferably has a drip edge on the underside, which further improves the protection of the blocking element 10 .

The frame 6 also has a lower edge 6B, in particular on the longitudinal and transverse sides, which secures the ceiling formwork element 2 in connection with the holding part 4A in the horizontal direction against displacement away from the securing projection 11 and thus the locking element 10 in the locking position remains .

In the figs. 4 to 17 shows a first embodiment variant, in which the spring element 12 is attached to the inside of the respective side part 7 of the frame 6, but the blocking element 10 in the blocking position moves outwards from the outside of the side part 7 of the frame 6, i . H . away from the center of the slab formwork element 2 . For this purpose, the side part 7 of the frame 6 has a passage opening 13 through which the blocking element 10 protrudes outwards in the blocking position. As a spring element 12 is in the variant shown from a flat spring, in particular a metal plate provided which is connected at one end to the frame 6 and at the other end to the locking element 10 . A pin is provided as the blocking element 10, which is attached to the free, lower end of the spring element 12, here in the form of the flat spring.

Fig. 4 and figs. 5 show the installed state of the ceiling formwork element 2 on the prop head 4 of the formwork prop 3. The blocking element 10 protrudes at a vertical distance in a direction parallel to the main plane of the ceiling formwork element 2 under the securing projection 11, which in this embodiment is directed outwards in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis 3A of the formwork support 3 (cf. FIG. 4). .

If vertical forces, especially wind loads, act on the slab formwork element from below, cf. Arrow 14 in Fig. 5, the blocking element 10 strikes the underside of the securing projection 11, as a result of which the slab formwork element 2 is prevented from lifting off the prop head 4 in this area.

In the figs. 6 to 8 show a first variant of the method when constructing the floor formwork 1 . In this variant, the ceiling formwork element 2 is on a transverse side, d. H . one of the shorter sides of the frame 6 swung up into the hori zontal position, cf. Arrow 15 . The blocking element 10 is arranged in the blocking position below the securing projection 11 . If the blocking element 10 comes into contact with the securing projection 11 on the prop head 4 when it is swiveled up, the blocking element 10 is pressed in by the flexible arrangement on the ceiling formwork element 2 . When the slab formwork element has been pivoted up completely, the locking element 10 is automatically returned to the locking position behind the securing projection 11 by the connected spring element 12 .

In the figs. 9 to 11 show a second variant of the method when constructing the floor formwork 1 . In this variant, the ceiling formwork element 2 is on a long side, d. H . one of the longer sides of the frame 6 swung up into the hori zontal position, cf. arrow 16 . The locking element 10 is in the locked position under the without touching the securing projection Securing projection 11 arranged.

In the figs. 12 to 14 show a third variant of the method when constructing the floor formwork 1 . In this variant, the ceiling formwork element 2 in the vertical direction, cf. Double arrow 17 lowered onto the support head 4 from above. The securing projection 11 on the support head 4 has a ramp 18 on the upper side. If the blocking element 10 hits the ramp 18, the blocking element 11 is pressed inward against the action of the spring element 12, which allows the slab formwork element 2 to be lowered further until the blocking element 11 falls below the securing projection due to the restoring forces of the spring element 12 11 snaps .

As from Fig. 15 to 17, several blocking elements 10 can be provided on the frame 6, each in connection with a spring element 12. These blocking elements 10 with the spring elements 12 can be identical to the embodiment described above.

In the variant of FIG. 15, two blocking elements 10 are provided on each transverse side of the ceiling formwork element 2, which protrude from the transverse side parts 7B of the frame 6 in the longitudinal direction of the ceiling formwork element 2, in relation to the blocked position.

In the variant of FIG. 16, two blocking elements 10 are provided on each longitudinal side of the ceiling formwork element 2, which protrude from the longitudinal side parts 7A of the frame 6 in the transverse direction of the ceiling formwork element 2, in relation to the blocked position.

In the variant of FIG. 17, two locking elements 10 are provided on each of the longitudinal and transverse sides of the ceiling formwork element 2, which Transverse direction of the ceiling formwork element 2, based on the locked position, from the longitudinal 7A or Project transverse side parts 7B of the frame 6 . In the figs. 18 to 21 a further embodiment of the ceiling formwork 1 is shown. In this embodiment, the blocking element 10 and the spring element 12 are arranged inside the interior of the frame 6 framed by the side parts 7 . The blocking element 10 protrudes inwards with respect to the side parts 7 of the frame 6 . In the embodiment shown, the blocking element 10 protrudes from a corner region 8 formed between two side parts 7 of the frame 6 essentially diagonally inwards, towards the center of the ceiling formwork element 2 . The prop head 4 has a correspondingly designed securing projection 11 which, in this embodiment, is directed inwards towards the longitudinal axis 3A of the formwork prop 3 . In the mounted concreting position, the blocking element 10 is again arranged under the securing projection 11 on the support head 4 .

In this embodiment, the blocking element 10 can be formed in one piece with the spring element 12 . A flat piece 19 can be provided for this purpose, with a free end section 19A of the flat piece 19 forming the blocking element 10 and a central section 19B forming the spring element 12 . In the embodiment shown, the middle section 19B of the flat piece 19 is connected via a connecting section 19C to two fastening sections 19D which are fastened to the inner sides of the two adjacent side parts 7 of the frame 6 .

In the figs. 22 and 23 an embodiment variant is shown in which the blocking element 10 is designed as a pawl with an angular cross section. At the free end, the locking element 10 has a hook 20 pointing upwards. Correspondingly, the prop head 4 has on the undersides of the securing projections 11 two obliquely downward-pointing hook elements 21, which prevent the slab formwork element 2 in the concreting position, with the locking element 10 in the locked position, from being unintentionally lifted off the prop head 4.

Fig. 24 to Fig. 26 show a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 and figs. 5 . In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 4 and figs. 5 is the blocking element 10 according to FIG. 24 to Fig. 26 separately from the spring element 12 . The blocking element 10 and the spring element 12 are connected to one another in that the blocking element 10 bears against the spring element 12 , here at the lower end of the spring element 12 . In the embodiment shown, a peg-shaped section of the blocking element 10 in the blocking position protrudes outwards through the through-opening 13 . Inside the frame, the blocking element 10 has a contact element, here a small contact plate 10A, which prevents the blocking element 10 from falling out of the passage opening 13 to the outside. In the embodiment shown, a flat spring is provided as the spring element 12, which rests against the contact plate of the blocking element 10, so that the blocking element 10 is pressed outwards in the direction of the blocking position.

Claims

Expectations :

1. Slab formwork element (2) for connection to a prop head (4) of a formwork prop (3), having: a frame (6) for a formwork panel (5), a locking element (10) on the frame (6) for gripping under a securing projection (11 ) on the support head (4) of the formwork support (3), characterized in that the blocking element (10) is connected to a spring element (12), so that the blocking element (10) moves from a blocking position into a Release position can be transferred.

2. Ceiling formwork element (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking element (10) can be pivoted from the blocking position to the release position about a preferably substantially horizontal pivot axis.

3. Ceiling formwork element (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking element (10) is provided on a lower edge region of a longitudinal or transverse side part (7; 7A, 7B) of the frame (6).

4. ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring element (12) on the inside of the side part (7) of the frame (6) is attached.

5. Ceiling formwork element (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a flat spring is provided as the spring element (12), which is connected at one end to the frame (6) and at the other end to the locking element (10). .

6. Ceiling formwork element (2) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the blocking element (10) in the blocking position of the side part (7) of the frame (6) to the outside, in particular essentially in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the frame (6) , protrudes.

7. ceiling formwork element (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that the side part (7) of the frame (6) has a passage opening (13) through which the locking element (10) protrudes outwards in the locking position.

8. ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a pin is provided as a locking element (10).

9. ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the locking element (10) is attached to the free end of the spring element (12).

10. ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, 8 or 9, characterized in that the locking element (10) from the frame (6) protrudes inwards.

11. Ceiling formwork element (2) according to claim 10, characterized in that the blocking element (10) protrudes substantially diagonally inwards from a corner area (8) between two side parts (7; 7A, 7B) of the frame (6).

12. ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to

11, characterized in that the locking element (10) is formed in one piece with the spring element (12).

13. ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to

12, characterized in that several locking elements (10) are provided on the frame (6), in particular on the longitudinal and/or transverse sides of the frame (6) and/or on the corner regions (8) of the frame (6).

14. Slab formwork element (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 8, 10, 11 or 13, characterized in that the blocking element (10) and the spring element (12) are connected to one another in that the blocking element (10) is attached to the spring element (12 ), In particular at the lower end of the spring element (12), rests.

15. Ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the frame (6) is connected to the formwork panel (5).

16. Ceiling formwork (1), comprising: a ceiling formwork element (2) according to one of claims 1 to 15, and a formwork prop (3) with a prop head (4) which has a securing projection (11), the locking element (10) in the locking position engages under the securing projection (11) of the support head (4).

17. Ceiling formwork (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that the securing projection (11) on the support head (4) on the upper side has a running bevel (18) for actuating the locking element (10) when the ceiling formwork element is lowered vertically

(2) in a horizontal position on the support head (4).

18. Slab formwork (1) according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the securing projection (11) is directed outwards with respect to a longitudinal axis (3A) of the formwork support (3), the blocking element (10) being in particular according to one of Claims 2 to 9 or claim 14 is formed.

19. Ceiling formwork (1) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the securing projection (11) is directed inwards, the locking element (10) being designed according to one of claims 10 to 12.

20. Ceiling formwork (1) according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the support head (4) has several, in particular four, securing projections (11) for connection to several, in particular four, ceiling formwork elements (2).

21. Method for constructing a ceiling formwork (2), with the steps:

Providing a formwork prop (3) with a prop head (4) ,

Providing a ceiling formwork element (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, and

Connecting the ceiling formwork element (2) to the support head (4) of the formwork support (3), the locking element (10) on the frame (6) of the ceiling formwork element (2) below the securing projection (11) on the support head (4) of the formwork support (3) is arranged so that the ceiling formwork element (2) is secured against lifting off the formwork support (3).

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the slab formwork element (2) is swung up over a longitudinal or transverse side of the frame (6) to arrange the blocking element (10) in the blocking position, with the blocking element (10) preferably not being connected to the securing projection (11) comes into contact with the support head (4) .

23. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the ceiling formwork element (2) for arranging the blocking element (10) in the blocking position is lowered substantially vertically onto the prop head (4), the blocking element (10) upon striking the securing projection ( 11) is deflected into the release position against the spring force of the spring element (12) and is transferred into the blocking position as it is lowered further by the spring force.

24. Method for dismantling a ceiling formwork (1), in which a ceiling formwork element (2) according to one of claims 1 to 15 is connected to a formwork support (3), with the steps:

Transferring the blocking element (10) of the ceiling formwork element (2) from the blocked position to the release position, and lifting the ceiling formwork element (2) essentially in the vertical direction from the formwork support (3).