WO2023098421A1 - 工艺管路系统 - Google Patents

工艺管路系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098421A1
WO2023098421A1 PCT/CN2022/130663 CN2022130663W WO2023098421A1 WO 2023098421 A1 WO2023098421 A1 WO 2023098421A1 CN 2022130663 W CN2022130663 W CN 2022130663W WO 2023098421 A1 WO2023098421 A1 WO 2023098421A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
vacuum
gas
process gas
valve
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PCT/CN2022/130663
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龙占勇
林佳继
李东林
李洪
Original Assignee
拉普拉斯新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023098421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098421A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electric resistance furnaces, for example to process piping systems.
  • the vacuum resistance furnace is mainly to send the product to be heat treated into the furnace, close the furnace door and vacuumize the furnace, heat the temperature in the furnace to the process temperature and then cool it to the process setting temperature to make the product out of the furnace.
  • the vacuum resistance furnace is set In order to carry out heat treatment of products under vacuum conditions, while ensuring a large vacuum value, the vacuum resistance furnace is prone to the problem of poor temperature uniformity after heating, which cannot meet the requirements of high-quality products, slow cooling speed, low production efficiency, and It does not have the function of deglue, which will have a certain impact on products and equipment.
  • the present application provides a process piping system.
  • a process pipeline system comprising: a vacuum release circuit, a nitrogen gas injection circuit and a process gas injection circuit, the vacuum release circuit, the nitrogen gas injection circuit and the process gas injection circuit are respectively set to perform different processes of the furnace body,
  • the vacuum release circuit includes a vacuum release valve
  • the nitrogen injection circuit includes a nitrogen injection valve
  • the process gas injection circuit includes a process gas injection valve
  • the vacuum release valve the nitrogen injection valve and the process gas injection valve Set to control the process of the furnace body.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high vacuum resistance furnace provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is another kind of high vacuum resistance furnace schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present application provides;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a half-section of a device in a furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heating device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of A in Figure 4.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cooling device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cold air distributor provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a half-sectional schematic diagram of a cold air distributor provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a process piping system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a graphite device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, horizontal, vertical, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of multiple components in a specific posture etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly.
  • a processing system includes a vacuum system 1, a furnace body 2, a heating device 3, a cooling device 4, a process piping system 5 and a graphite device 6, and the vacuum system 1 and the process piping system 5 are installed Outside the furnace body 2, the heating device 3, the cooling device 4 and the graphite device 6 are installed inside the furnace body 2.
  • the vacuum system 1 includes a vacuum pipeline and a degreasing mechanism.
  • the vacuum pipeline controls the vacuum degree of the furnace body 2 at different process stages, and the degreasing mechanism
  • the mixed gas is degreased
  • the heating device 3 controls the temperature in the furnace body 2
  • the cooling device 4 controls the cooling speed of the product
  • the process pipeline system 5 is set to input gas into the furnace body to perform different processes of the furnace body 2
  • the graphite device 6 set to load artifacts.
  • Mixed gas refers to the gas formed by mixing the binder and molding agent in the product with process gas, nitrogen and other gases during the heat treatment process.
  • the vacuum system 1 includes a vacuum pipeline and a degreasing mechanism.
  • the vacuum pipeline includes at least a first-level vacuum pipeline, a second-level vacuum pipeline and a third-level vacuum pipeline.
  • the first-level vacuum pipeline, the second-level vacuum pipeline and the third-level vacuum pipeline control the furnace body in different process stages Vacuum degree, the degreasing mechanism degreases the mixed gas.
  • the primary vacuum pipeline includes a primary pump 111, a primary valve 112, a secondary primary valve 113, and a tertiary primary valve 114.
  • the secondary vacuum pipeline includes a secondary pump 121, a primary secondary valve 122, and a secondary secondary valve 123.
  • the three-stage secondary valve 124, the three-stage vacuum pipeline includes a main pump 131 and a main valve 132, and the main valve 132 communicates with the furnace body 2 through the vacuum inlet pipe 14, and the first-stage vacuum pipeline, the second-stage vacuum pipeline and the three-stage vacuum pipeline A plurality of components are communicated through pipelines (not marked in the figure),
  • the degreasing mechanism includes a degreasing box 15 and a fat collecting box 16
  • the workpiece degreasing passage includes a three-stage primary valve 114 set for mixed gas introduction, a degreased box 15 set for mixed gas degreasing,
  • the secondary primary valve 113 set to lead out the mixed gas, the furnace body 2, the vacuum inlet pipe 14, the tertiary primary valve 114, the degreasing box 15, the secondary primary valve 113, the primary pump 111 and the fat collection box 16 form a primary vacuum degree
  • the control passage or degreasing passage
  • the primary pump 111 controls the vacuum degree of the
  • the furnace body 2 includes a furnace door 21, a furnace hearth 22 and a furnace tail 23.
  • the shells of the furnace door 21, the furnace hearth 22 and the furnace tail 23 respectively adopt a double-layer structure, and the double-layer structure is divided into an outer layer on the outside and an inner layer on the inside. , an interlayer is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer.
  • the interlayer is kept sealed except for the inlet and outlet.
  • the cooling medium is passed into the interlayer to ensure that the temperature rise of the outer surface of the furnace body is not greater than 25°C.
  • the cooling medium can be cooling water or gas.
  • furnace chamber 22 is set as furnace chamber 24, heating device 3, cooling device 4, graphite device 6 and other related equipment are installed in furnace chamber 24, heating device 3 is installed in cooling device 4 inside, graphite device 6 is installed in heating device 3 Inside, the vacuum system 1, the process pipeline system 5 and other related equipment are installed outside the furnace body 2, thereby reducing the equipment footprint; a furnace body support frame 25 is fixed below the furnace body 2, and the furnace body support frame 25 is set For supporting body of furnace 2.
  • the heating device 3 includes a heat insulation assembly, a heating assembly and a water-cooled electrode 33, the heat insulation assembly includes a plurality of stacked heat shields 31, the heating assembly includes a plurality of heaters 32, the heating assembly is located in the heat insulation assembly, and the heating assembly controls the furnace
  • the temperature of the furnace cavity 24 in the body 2 the heat insulation component reflects the heat radiated by the heating component, prevents heat loss and reduces the temperature of the inner surface of the furnace.
  • the heat insulation assembly includes a heat insulation seal cover 35, a heat insulation chamber 30 and a heat insulation installation cover 37.
  • the heat insulation seal cover 35 is fixedly installed on one end of the heat insulation chamber 30, and the heat insulation installation cover 37 is detachably installed on the heat insulation chamber 30.
  • the heat-insulating sealing cover 35 , the heat-insulating chamber 30 and the heat-insulating installation cover 37 form a heat-insulating cavity, and the heating assembly is installed in the heat-insulating cavity.
  • the heat insulation sealing cover 35, the heat insulation chamber 30 and the heat insulation installation cover 37 are respectively stacked by a plurality of heat insulation screens 31, and the heat insulation screen 31 located at the position of the heat insulation seal cover 35, the heat insulation chamber 30 and the heat insulation installation cover 37
  • the shapes of the heat insulation sealing cover 35, the heat insulation chamber 30 and the heat insulation installation cover 37 are respectively matched.
  • the heat insulation chamber 30 adopts a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of heat shields 31
  • the heat shield 31 is made of high temperature resistant material, which reflects the heat radiated by the heater 32 back to the heat insulation cavity layer by layer to prevent heat loss.
  • the thermal ring bar 301, the outer surface radian of the heat insulating ring bar 301 matches the arc of the inner surface of the furnace cavity 24, the heat insulating ring bar 301 can strengthen the strength of the stacked installation of the heat shield 31 to ensure stability, and one end of the heat insulating chamber 30 is also A heat insulation installation angle 302 is provided, and the heat insulation installation angle 302 is set to install the heat insulation chamber 30 and the heat insulation installation cover 37; The device 3 and the inner surface of the furnace 22.
  • the heating component is located in the heat insulation cavity.
  • the heater 32 adopts a cylindrical structure and uses high-temperature resistance heating elements, such as nickel-chromium alloy, molybdenum, graphite, and tungsten. Suitable materials can be selected according to different operating temperatures of the equipment. Multiple heaters 32 are evenly arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the heat insulation chamber 30 to ensure uniform heat distribution in the heat insulation cavity. Evenly distributed in the circumferential direction to ensure the stability of the installation of the heater 32.
  • the connecting fixture 36 includes a connecting and fixing rod 362. According to the visual angle of FIG.
  • first locators 361 and second locators 363 are set on the connection fixing rod 362.
  • the first locators 361 are located between the adjacent heat shields 31, so that the adjacent heat shields 31 The distances are the same, and the installation of the heat shield 31 is convenient.
  • the second positioner 363 is located between the inner heat shield 31 and the heater 32, so that the distance between the plurality of heaters 32 and the heat shield 31 remains constant.
  • the water-cooled electrode 33 runs through the furnace 22 and the heat insulation chamber 30 in turn and is connected to the heater 32.
  • the water-cooled electrode 33 is used to supply power to the heater 32. Cooling can effectively improve the service life of the water-cooled electrode 33 .
  • the cooling device 4 includes a hot air circulation mechanism and a cooling mechanism.
  • the hot air circulation mechanism includes a blower fan 41 and an exhaust assembly.
  • the cooling mechanism includes a heat exchanger 44. The hot air circulation mechanism and the cooling mechanism discharge the heat in the furnace cavity 24 from the furnace body 2 through heat exchange.
  • the hot blast circulation mechanism comprises fan 41 and exhaust assembly, fan 41 is installed in the furnace tail 23, and exhaust assembly is positioned at furnace chamber 24, and exhaust assembly comprises cold air distributor 42 and cold air pipe 43, and one side of cold air distributor 42 and The blower fan 41 is connected, and the other side is connected with the cold air pipe 43 .
  • the cold air distributor 42 includes a cold air fixed end 421 and a cold air connecting end 422.
  • the cold air fixed end 421 and the cold air connecting end 422 are integrally formed.
  • the cold air fixed end 421 is connected to the fan 41.
  • the cold air connecting end 422 is connected to the cold air pipe 43. , the cold air connection end 422 and the cold air pipe 43 form a gas or nitrogen flow channel.
  • the width of the cold air connection end 422 is greater than the width of the cold air fixed end 421, and the two form a font shape.
  • the cold air connection end 422 and the cold air fixed end 421 are arranged as a shell structure, and the cold air connection end 422 is provided with a cold air distribution Cavity 4211, the overall design of the cold air distribution chamber 4211 is cylindrical, the output end of the fan 41 is installed in the cold air distribution chamber 4211, the cold air connection end 422 is provided with a cold air chamber 4222, the overall design of the cold air chamber 4222 is also circular, but compared Compared with the cold air distribution chamber 4211, the thickness of the cold air chamber 4222 is smaller, forming a relatively flat structure.
  • the cold air distribution chamber 4211 communicates with the cold air chamber 4222.
  • the nitrogen gas is compressed in the cold air chamber 4222 flowing from the cold air distribution chamber 4211 to the flat structure. , the nitrogen pressure increases, which can increase the gas outlet speed of nitrogen.
  • a plurality of cold air communication holes 4221 are also arranged on the cold air connection end 422. It communicates with the cold air chamber 4222, and the cold air pipe 43 is installed in the cold air communication hole 4221, so that the cold air distribution chamber 4211, the cold air chamber 4222, the cold air communication hole 4221 and the cold air pipe 43 form a nitrogen flow channel.
  • the cold air distributor 42 also includes a cold air installation plate 423, the cold air installation plate 423 is configured to install the cooling mechanism, the cold air fixed end 421, the cold air connection end 422 and the cold air installation plate 423 are fixedly connected by the cold air connecting rod 424, and the cold air connecting rod 424 can also be It is set to strengthen the strength of the cold air distributor 42 .
  • a plurality of cold air pipes 43 are distributed in a ring around the axis of the cold air distributor 42 in the circumferential direction of the cold air pipes 43, and the plurality of cold air pipes 43 form a cold air loading chamber for placing the heating device 3, that is, the heating device 3 as a whole Located in the cold air loading chamber, the cold air pipe 43 is distributed outside the heat insulation chamber 30.
  • the cold air pipe 43 is set as a hollow tubular structure.
  • the cold air pipe 43 is connected with a plurality of cold air outlet pipes 431, and the outlet direction of the cold air outlet pipe 431 faces the cold wind.
  • one end of the cold air pipe 43 is installed with the cold air communication hole 4221, and the other end of the cold air pipe 43 is set as a sealed end, so that the nitrogen gas is ejected to the furnace chamber 24 through the cold air outlet pipe 431 along the air circulation channel, and the ejection of nitrogen gas is improved. Quantity and injection speed, while ensuring the uniformity of nitrogen injection.
  • the cooling mechanism includes a heat exchanger 44, the heat exchanger 44 is installed on the cold air mounting plate 423, the heat exchanger 44 is provided with a water cooling device, the water cooling device is provided with a water cooling inlet and a water cooling outlet 45, and the water cooling inlet and the water cooling outlet 45 extend to the furnace body 2 Externally, water circulation is realized.
  • the fan 41 sends nitrogen gas into the furnace cavity 24 through the hot air circulation mechanism. After the nitrogen gas absorbs the heat in the furnace cavity 24 to increase the temperature, under the action of the fan 41, Nitrogen transfers heat to the water cooling device in the heat exchanger 44 through the heat exchanger 44, and the heated cooling water transfers heat to the outside of the furnace body 2 through the water cooling outlet 45, that is, the fan 41 sends the nitrogen gas that is sent into the furnace cavity 24 into the furnace. Oriented circulation is carried out in the chamber 24, and the heat exchanger 44 realizes the purpose of reducing the temperature of the furnace chamber 24 through heat exchange.
  • the cooling rate is basically the same, effectively improving the quality of the product, and the cooling rate is maintained at 50-100°C/h.
  • the process pipeline system 5 includes a vacuum release circuit, a nitrogen gas injection circuit and a process gas injection circuit.
  • the vacuum release circuit, the nitrogen gas injection circuit and the process gas injection circuit are respectively set to perform different processes of the furnace body 2.
  • the vacuum release circuit includes a vacuum release valve 512
  • the nitrogen injection circuit includes a nitrogen injection valve 533
  • the process gas injection circuit includes a process gas injection valve 541, a vacuum relief valve 512, a nitrogen injection valve 533 and a process gas injection valve 541 to control the process of the furnace body 2.
  • the process piping system 5 is installed on the side of the furnace body 2.
  • the process piping system 5 includes a process display board 55, and the process display board 55 is installed on the outside of the furnace body 2.
  • the process piping system 5 also includes a The gas port 52 and the process gas port 54, the vacuum release circuit and the nitrogen gas injection circuit communicate with the furnace cavity 24 of the furnace body 2 through the gas port 52 to realize the vacuum state of the furnace body 2 and the nitrogen injection process, and the process gas injection circuit passes the process gas
  • the port 54 communicates with the furnace chamber 24 of the furnace body 2 to realize the purpose of injecting the process gas into the furnace chamber 24 .
  • the vacuum relief circuit includes a vacuum relief valve 512 and a vacuum air filter 510, the vacuum relief valve 512 and the vacuum air filter 510 communicate through the first vacuum pipeline 511, the vacuum relief valve 512 communicates with the gas port 52 through the second vacuum pipeline 513, and the vacuum
  • the air filter 510, the first vacuum line 511, the vacuum release valve 512, the second vacuum line 513 and the gas port 52 form a vacuum release gas circulation path, the vacuum release valve 512 controls the opening and closing of the vacuum release gas flow path, and the product is heat treated And cooling treatment to be out of the furnace, after the vacuum release valve 512 is opened, the vacuum gas is transported to the furnace cavity 24 of the furnace body 2 along the vacuum release gas flow path, thereby releasing the vacuum state in the furnace cavity 24 to open the furnace door 21.
  • the nitrogen injection circuit includes a gas injection port 53 and a nitrogen injection valve 533, the gas injection port 53 communicates with the nitrogen injection valve 533 through the first nitrogen pipeline 531, the nitrogen injection valve 533 communicates with the gas port 52 through the second nitrogen pipeline 534, and the second nitrogen pipeline 534 communicates with the nitrogen injection valve 533.
  • a nitrogen gas pipeline 531 is provided with a nitrogen gas injection vacuum gauge 535, the gas injection port 53, the first nitrogen gas pipeline 531, the nitrogen gas injection valve 533, the second nitrogen gas pipeline 534 and the gas port 52 form a nitrogen gas injection gas flow path.
  • the injection valve 533 is set to control the opening and closing of the nitrogen injection gas flow path.
  • the nitrogen gas injection valve 533 is opened, and the nitrogen gas is passed into the furnace chamber 24 of the furnace body 2 along the nitrogen gas injection gas flow path to realize nitrogen gas injection.
  • the purpose of input, and the input amount of nitrogen is controlled by nitrogen injection vacuum degree gauge 535.
  • the process gas injection circuit includes a process gas pipeline 545 and a process gas injection valve 541.
  • One end of the process gas pipeline 545 communicates with the gas injection port 53, and the other end communicates with the process gas injection valve 541.
  • the outlet end of the process gas injection valve 541 communicates with the process gas injection valve 541.
  • the process gas port 54 is connected, the gas injection port 53, the process gas pipeline 545, the process gas injection valve 541 and the process gas port 54 form a process gas flow path, and the process gas injection valve 541 is set to control the opening and closing of the process gas flow path,
  • the process gas injection valve 541 is opened, and the process gas passes into the furnace body 2 along the process gas flow path to realize the purpose of process gas input; as shown in Figure 10, the process gas pipeline 545 is installed in the process On the display panel 55, and the process gas pipeline 545 is provided with an intake switch 544, a pressure reducing valve 543 and a vacuum gauge 542 installed on the process display panel 55, an intake switch 544, a pressure relief valve 543 and a vacuum gauge 542 Set to control the amount and velocity of the process gas input.
  • Vacuum release valve 512, nitrogen injection valve 533 and process gas injection valve 541 use high vacuum pneumatic baffle valves as the on-off valves of the corresponding circuits respectively, through the opening of vacuum release valve 512, nitrogen injection valve 533 and process gas injection valve Nitrogen gas is fed into the furnace body 2, or the vacuum in the furnace is released to open the furnace door 21; or process gas is fed into the furnace to meet different process requirements.
  • the gas injection port 53 is connected with nitrogen supply equipment and process gas supply equipment, and delivers nitrogen gas to the nitrogen injection circuit or process gas to the process gas injection circuit according to process requirements.
  • the first nitrogen pipeline 531 is provided with a nitrogen injection pressure gauge, and the nitrogen injection pressure gauge is set to control the input amount of nitrogen.
  • the graphite device 6 comprises a lifting structure 61 and a graphite box body 62.
  • the lifting structure 61 includes a lifting power mechanism 611 and a top cover 613.
  • the graphite box body 62 is fixedly provided with an observation hole 64.
  • the product is installed in the graphite box body 62.
  • the lifting power mechanism 611 The top cover 613 is controlled to move, and is set to be sealed or away from the observation hole 64 , and the observation hole 64 is set to observe the products in the graphite box body 62 .
  • the lifting structure 61 includes a lifting power mechanism 611 and a top cover 613.
  • the lifting power mechanism 611 includes a lifting rod 612, and the top cover 613 is fixed on the end face of the lifting rod 612.
  • the lifting power mechanism 611 controls the vertical movement of the top cover 613 by driving the lifting rod 612. direction of movement.
  • the graphite box body 62 is arranged as a box structure assembled by a plurality of cover plates 621, and the packaging of the graphite box body 62 is realized by the cover door 622.
  • the cover door 622 and the graphite box body 62 are detachably installed, and the installation direction of the cover door 622 is For the direction in which the product enters and exits the graphite box body 62, the cover door 622 and the graphite box body 62 are detachably installed through the cover door pressing rod 624.
  • the observation hole 64 is located on the cover plate 621 above the graphite box body 62, and the size of the observation hole 64 is smaller than the size of the top cover 613, and the top cover 613 can completely seal the observation hole 64, so that the inside of the graphite box body 62 forms a sealed box body .
  • the graphite box body 62 is also provided with an exhaust valve 63, and the exhaust valve 63 is for example installed on the cover plate 621 above the graphite box body 62.
  • the exhaust valve 63 is opened, and the gas in the graphite box body 62 is discharged to the cavity.
  • cover plate 621 and the cover door 622 are made of isostatic graphite material.
  • the graphite device 6 is installed in the heat insulation cavity of the heating device 3, the lifting power mechanism 611 is installed on the outer surface of the furnace 22 of the furnace body 2, and the lifting rod 612 runs through the furnace 22 and the heat insulation chamber 30 in sequence, and extends to In the heat insulation chamber, the lifting rod 612 is slidingly connected with the furnace 22 and the heat insulating chamber 30, and the lifting power mechanism 611 drives the lifting rod 612 to lift and control the top cover 613 and the observation hole 64 to keep sealed or away from the state, and the observation hole 64 can be set to observe Whether the product is installed in place.
  • the nitrogen injection circuit injects nitrogen into the furnace chamber 24 of the furnace body 2 for purging, and the product is placed in the graphite box body 62, and the furnace body 2 is vacuumed through the vacuum system 1 to ensure the vacuum of the furnace chamber 24.
  • the temperature is kept at 10 -3 ⁇ 10 -4 Pa, the heating device 3 heats the furnace cavity 24, the process gas injection circuit injects process gas into the furnace cavity 24, heats the product, and extracts the mixed gas mixed with the binder and the molding agent Go to the degreasing mechanism of the vacuum system 1 for degreasing treatment to reduce the pollution to the furnace 22.
  • the cooling device 4 After the heat treatment of the product, the cooling device 4 starts to effectively control the cooling speed of the product, ensure the consistency of the cooling speed of the product, and improve the production efficiency.
  • the product is cooled to the process After the temperature is set, the vacuum release circuit sends vacuum air to the furnace cavity 24 to release the vacuum state in the furnace cavity 24, opens the furnace door 21, takes out the graphite box body 62 loaded with products, disassembles the cover door pressing rod 624, and takes out the products That's it.

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Abstract

一种工艺管路系统，包括真空解除回路、氮气注入回路和工艺气体注入回路；真空解除回路、氮气注入回路和工艺气体注入回路分别设置为执行炉体（2）的不同工艺，真空解除回路包括真空解除阀（512），氮气注入回路包括氮气注入阀（533），工艺气体注入回路包括工艺气体注入阀（541），真空解除阀、氮气注入阀以及工艺气体注入阀设置为控制炉体的工艺。该工艺管路系统可用于向炉体送入氮气，解除炉内真空，向炉内送入工艺气体，实现了不同的工艺要求。

Description

工艺管路系统
本申请要求在2021年12月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202122985851.4的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电阻炉领域，例如涉及工艺管路系统。
背景技术
真空电阻炉主要是在将待热处理的制品送入炉内，关闭炉门且炉内抽真空后将炉内温度加热至工艺温度后再冷却到工艺设定温度以使制品出炉，真空电阻炉设置为在真空条件下进行制品的热处理，真空电阻炉在保证较大真空值的同时，容易发生加热后温度均匀性较差的问题，不能满足高品质制品要求，冷却速度慢，生产效率低，且不具备排胶功能，对制品和设备有一定影响。
发明内容
本申请提供一种工艺管路系统。
一种工艺管路系统，包括：真空解除回路、氮气注入回路和工艺气体注入回路，所述真空解除回路、所述氮气注入回路和所述工艺气体注入回路分别设置为执行炉体的不同工艺，所述真空解除回路包括真空解除阀，所述氮气注入回路包括氮气注入阀，所述工艺气体注入回路包括工艺气体注入阀，所述真空解除阀、所述氮气注入阀以及所述工艺气体注入阀设置为控制所述炉体的工艺。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种高真空电阻炉示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的另一种高真空电阻炉示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种真空系统示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种炉体内装置半剖示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种加热装置示意图；
图6为图4中A的放大示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种冷却装置示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种冷风分配器示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种冷风分配器半剖示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种工艺管路系统示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种石墨装置示意图。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实例说明本申请的实施方式。
以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本申请的基本构想，图中仅显示与本申请中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时每个组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。
本申请实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后、横向、纵向……)仅用于解释在一特定姿态下多个部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
实施例一：
如图1-11所示，一种处理系统，包括真空系统1、炉体2、加热装置3、冷却装置4、工艺管路系统5和石墨装置6，真空系统1和工艺管路系统5安装在炉体2外部，加热装置3、冷却装置4和石墨装置6安装在炉体2内部，真空系统1包括真空管路和脱脂机构，真空管路控制不同工艺阶段的炉体2的真空度，脱脂机构对混合气体进行脱脂处理，加热装置3控制炉体2内的温度，冷却装置4控制制品的冷却速度，工艺管路系统5设置为向炉体输入气体以执行炉体2的不同工艺，石墨装置6设置为装载制品。
混合气体是指在热处理过程中，制品中的粘结剂及成型剂与工艺气体、氮气等气体混合而成的气体。
真空系统1包括真空管路和脱脂机构，真空管路至少包括一级真空管路、二级真空管路和三级真空管路，一级真空管路、二级真空管路和三级真空管路控制不同工艺阶段的炉体真空度，脱脂机构对混合气体进行脱脂处理。
一级真空管路包括初级泵111、一级初级阀112、二级初级阀113和三级初级阀114，二级真空管路包括次级泵121、一级次级阀122、二级次级阀123和三级次级阀124，三级真空管路包括主泵131和主阀132，主阀132通过真空进气管14与炉体2连通，一级真空管路、二级真空管路以及三级真空管路的多个部件通过管道(图未标识)连通，脱脂机构包括脱脂箱15和集脂箱16，工件脱脂通路包括设置为混合气体导入的三级初级阀114、设置为混合气体脱脂的脱脂箱15、设置为混合气体导出的二级初级阀113，炉体2、真空进气管14、三级初级 阀114、脱脂箱15、二级初级阀113、初级泵111以及集脂箱16形成一级真空度控制通路(或称脱脂通路)，初级泵111控制炉体2的真空度，真空度范围设置在1-10Pa；混合气体沿一级真空度控制通路流通，混合气体中的油脂经过脱脂箱15脱脂处理，混合气体的尾气和系统运行产生的废弃物通过初级泵111排放到集脂箱16内，保证系统不被污染；炉体2、真空进气管14、主阀132、二级次级阀123、次级泵121、一级初级阀112、初级泵111以及集脂箱16形成二级真空度控制通路，次级泵121以及初级泵111控制炉体2的真空度，真空度范围设置在10 -1-10 -2Pa；炉体2、真空进气管14、主阀132、主泵131、一级次级阀122、次级泵121、一级初级阀112、初级泵111以及集脂箱16形成三级真空度控制通路，主泵131、次级泵121以及初级泵111控制炉体2的真空度，真空度范围设置在10 -3-10 -4Pa；真空系统1对炉体2进行抽真空处理，保证制品在加热过程中的10 -3～10 -4Pa真空度要求，并将制品中的粘结剂及成型剂排出到炉外的集脂箱16内，统一清理。
炉体2包括炉门21、炉膛22和炉尾23，炉门21、炉膛22和炉尾23的壳体分别采用双层结构，双层结构分为位于外侧的外层以及位于内侧的内层，外层与内层之间形成夹层，夹层除进口与出口外，保持密封状态，冷却介质通入夹层，保证炉体的外表面温升不大于25℃，冷却介质可采用冷却水或气体，只要能实现对炉体2的冷却作用即可，内层采用真空气密结构，保证炉体2的漏率不大于1.3x10 -7Pa.L/s，外层和内层均可采用钢质材料，炉膛22内设置为炉腔24，炉腔24内安装加热装置3、冷却装置4、石墨装置6以及其他相关设备，加热装置3安装在冷却装置4内部，石墨装置6安装在加热装置3内部，真空系统1、工艺管路系统5以及其他相关设备安装在炉体2的外部，从而减小设备占地面积；炉体2下方固设有炉体支撑架25，炉体支撑架25设置为支撑炉体2。
加热装置3包括隔热组件、加热组件和水冷电极33，隔热组件包括多个层叠设置的隔热屏31，加热组件包括多个加热器32，加热组件位于隔热组件内，加热组件控制炉体2内炉腔24的温度，隔热组件将加热组件辐射的热量进行反射，防热量散失以及降低炉膛内表面温度。
隔热组件包括隔热密封盖35、隔热膛30和隔热安装盖37，隔热密封盖35固定安装在隔热膛30的一端，隔热安装盖37可拆卸安装在隔热膛30的另一端，隔热密封盖35、隔热膛30和隔热安装盖37形成隔热腔体，加热组件安装在隔热腔体内。
隔热密封盖35、隔热膛30和隔热安装盖37分别由多个隔热屏31层叠设置，位于隔热密封盖35、隔热膛30和隔热安装盖37位置的隔热屏31的形状分别与隔热密封盖35、隔热膛30和隔热安装盖37的形状相配，本实施例中，隔热膛 30采用圆柱筒状结构，多个隔热屏31沿隔热膛30径向依次向内层叠，隔热屏31采用耐高温材料，逐层将加热器32辐射的热量反射回隔热腔体，防止热量散失，隔热膛30外表面沿轴线方向设置有多个隔热环杆301，隔热环杆301外表面弧度与炉腔24内表面的弧形相配，隔热环杆301可加强隔热屏31层叠安装的强度，保证稳定性，隔热膛30一端还设置有隔热安装角302，隔热安装角302设置为安装隔热膛30和隔热安装盖37；隔热膛30上固设有隔热安装块34，隔热安装块34设置为安装加热装置3与炉膛22内表面。
加热组件位于隔热腔体内，加热器32采用筒状结构，采用高温电阻发热元件，如镍铬合金、钼、石墨和钨等，可根据设备不同的工作温度选用适合的材料，多个加热器32沿隔热膛30轴向依次间隔均匀排布，保证隔热腔体内热量分布均匀，加热器32与隔热屏31通过多个连接固定器36固定连接，连接固定器36沿隔热膛30圆周方向均匀分布，保证加热器32安装的稳定性，连接固定器36包括连接固定杆362，根据图6的视觉角度，连接固定杆362的上端向上依次贯穿隔热屏31并延伸至隔热膛30外侧并通过相应的固定件使连接固定杆362的上端固定在隔热膛30的外表面，连接固定杆362的下端贯穿加热器32并通过相应的固定件使连接固定杆362的下端固定在加热器32内表面，连接固定杆362套设有多个第一定位器361和第二定位器363，第一定位器361位于相邻的隔热屏31之间，使相邻隔热屏31的间距相同，同时方便隔热屏31的安装，第二定位器363位于内层隔热屏31与加热器32之间，使多个加热器32与隔热屏31的间距保持恒定。
水冷电极33依次贯穿炉膛22、隔热膛30并与加热器32连接，本实施例采用水冷电极33对加热器32供电，水冷电极33自身以及受到辐射温度升高后，冷却水对水冷电极33进行冷却，能有效提高水冷电极33的使用寿命。
冷却装置4包括热风循环机构和冷却机构，热风循环机构包括风机41和排气组件，冷却机构包括热交换器44，热风循环机构和冷却机构将炉腔24内热量通过热量交换排出炉体2。
热风循环机构包括风机41和排气组件，风机41安装在炉尾23内，排气组件位于炉腔24内，排气组件包括冷风分配器42和冷风管43，冷风分配器42的一侧与风机41连接，另一侧与冷风管43连接。
冷风分配器42包括冷风固定端421和冷风连接端422，冷风固定端421和冷风连接端422一体成型，冷风固定端421与风机41连接，冷风连接端422与冷风管43连接，冷风固定端421、冷风连接端422以及冷风管43形成气体或氮气流通通道。
本实施例中，冷风连接端422的宽度大于冷风固定端421的宽度，两者形 成几字型，冷风连接端422和冷风固定端421设置为壳体结构，冷风连接端422内设置有冷风分配腔4211，冷风分配腔4211整体设计为圆柱型，风机41的输出端安装在冷风分配腔4211，冷风连接端422内设置有冷风腔4222，冷风腔4222整体同样设计为圆环型，但相较于冷风分配腔4211，冷风腔4222的厚度更小，形成较为扁平的结构，冷风分配腔4211与冷风腔4222连通，氮气在由冷风分配腔4211流通至扁平结构的冷风腔4222中，氮气受到压缩，氮气压强增大，可提高氮气的出气速度，冷风连接端422上还设置有多个冷风连通孔4221，多个冷风连通孔4221呈环形分布在冷风连接端422的圆周方向，冷风连通孔4221与冷风腔4222连通，冷风管43安装在冷风连通孔4221，使冷风分配腔4211、冷风腔4222、冷风连通孔4221以及冷风管43构成氮气流通通道。
冷风分配器42还包括冷风安装板423，冷风安装板423设置为安装冷却机构，冷风固定端421、冷风连接端422以及冷风安装板423通过冷风连接杆424固设连接，冷风连接杆424还可设置为加强冷风分配器42的强度。
本实施例中，多个冷风管43以冷风分配器42轴线为中心呈环形分布在冷风管43圆周方向，多个冷风管43形成设置为放置加热装置3的冷风装载腔，即加热装置3整体位于冷风装载腔内，冷风管43分布在隔热膛30的外部，冷风管43设置为中空的管状结构，冷风管43连通设置有多个冷风出气管431，冷风出气管431的出口方向朝向冷风装载腔，冷风管43的一端与冷风连通孔4221安装，冷风管43的另一端设置为密封端，从而使氮气沿气流通通道通过冷风出气管431向炉腔24喷出，提高氮气的喷出量以及喷出速度，同时保证氮气喷出的均匀性。
冷却机构包括热交换器44，热交换器44安装在冷风安装板423，热交换器44设置有水冷装置，水冷装置设置有水冷进口和水冷出口45，水冷进口和水冷出口45延伸至炉体2外部，实现水循环。
本实施例实施过程中，加热装置3完成加热后，风机41将氮气通过热风循环机构送入炉腔24内，氮气吸收炉腔24内的热量使温度升高后，在风机41的作用下，氮气经过热交换器44将热量传递给热交换器44内的水冷装置，受热的冷却水由水冷出口45将热量传递到炉体2外部，即风机41将送进炉腔24内的氮气在炉腔24内进行定向循环，热交换器44通过热交换作用实现将降低炉腔24温度的目的，通过本实施例的换热结构，保证炉腔24内的换热均匀性，使不同位置的制品冷却速度基本相同，有效提高制品质量，冷却速度保持在50-100℃/h。
工艺管路系统5包括真空解除回路、氮气注入回路和工艺气体注入回路，真空解除回路、氮气注入回路和工艺气体注入回路分别设置为执行炉体2的不 同工艺，真空解除回路包括真空解除阀512，氮气注入回路包括氮气注入阀533，工艺气体注入回路包括工艺气体注入阀541，真空解除阀512、氮气注入阀533以及工艺气体注入阀541控制炉体2的工艺。
工艺管路系统5安装在炉体2的侧部，工艺管路系统5包括工艺显示板55，工艺显示板55安装在炉体2的外侧，工艺管路系统5还包括与炉体2连通的气体端口52和工艺气体端口54，真空解除回路以及氮气注入回路通过气体端口52与炉体2的炉腔24连通，实现解除炉体2的真空状态以及氮气注入工艺，工艺气体注入回路通过工艺气体端口54与炉体2的炉腔24连通，实现工艺气体注入炉腔24的目的。
真空解除回路包括真空解除阀512和真空空气过滤器510，真空解除阀512和真空空气过滤器510通过第一真空管路511连通，真空解除阀512与气体端口52通过第二真空管路513连通，真空空气过滤器510、第一真空管路511、真空解除阀512、第二真空管路513以及气体端口52形成真空解除气体流通路径，真空解除阀512控制真空解除气体流通路径的开启和闭合，制品经热处理并冷却处理待出炉时，真空解除阀512开启后，真空气体沿真空解除气体流通路径输送至炉体2的炉腔24，从而解除炉腔24内的真空状态，以便开启炉门21。
氮气注入回路包括气体注入端口53和氮气注入阀533，气体注入端口53与氮气注入阀533通过第一氮气管路531连通，氮气注入阀533与气体端口52通过第二氮气管路534连通，第一氮气管路531上设置有氮气注入真空度表535，气体注入端口53、第一氮气管路531、氮气注入阀533、第二氮气管路534以及气体端口52形成氮气注入气体流通路径，氮气注入阀533设置为控制氮气注入气体流通路径的开启和闭合，当炉体2需要氮气注入时，氮气注入阀533打开，氮气沿氮气注入气体流通路径通入炉体2的炉腔24，实现氮气输入的目的，并通过氮气注入真空度表535控制氮气的输入量。
工艺气体注入回路包括工艺气体管路545和工艺气体注入阀541，工艺气体管路545的一端与气体注入端口53连通，另一端与工艺气体注入阀541连通，工艺气体注入阀541的出口端与工艺气体端口54连通，气体注入端口53、工艺气体管路545、工艺气体注入阀541以及工艺气体端口54形成工艺气体流通路径，工艺气体注入阀541设置为控制工艺气体流通路径的开启和闭合，当炉体2进行工艺处理时，工艺气体注入阀541打开，工艺气体沿工艺气体流通路径通入炉体2，实现工艺气体输入的目的；如图10所示，工艺气体管路545安装在工艺显示板55上，且工艺气体管路545设置有安装在工艺显示板55上的进气开关544、减压阀543以及真空度表542，进气开关544、减压阀543以及真空 度表542设置为控制工艺气体的输入量以及输入速度。
真空解除阀512、氮气注入阀533以及工艺气体注入阀541采用高真空气动挡板阀分别作为对应回路的开关阀，通过真空解除阀512、氮气注入阀533以及工艺气体注入阀541的开启实现向炉体2送入氮气，或解除炉内真空，以便开启炉门21；或向炉内送入工艺气体，实现了不同工艺要求。
本实施例中，气体注入端口53与氮气提供设备以及工艺气体提供设备连接，根据工艺需要向氮气注入回路输送氮气或向工艺气体注入回路输送工艺气体。
本实施例中，第一氮气管路531上设置有氮气注入压力表，氮气注入压力表设置为控制氮气的输入量。
石墨装置6包括升降结构61和石墨盒体62，升降结构61包括升降动力机构611和顶盖613，石墨盒体62固设有观察孔64，制品安装在石墨盒体62内，升降动力机构611控制顶盖613移动，设置为密封或远离观察孔64，观察孔64设置为观察石墨盒体62内的制品。
升降结构61包括升降动力机构611和顶盖613，升降动力机构611包括升降杆612，顶盖613固设在升降杆612端面，升降动力机构611通过驱动升降杆612升降控制顶盖613在竖直方向的移动。
石墨盒体62设置为通过多个盖板621拼装成的箱型结构，并通过盖门622实现石墨盒体62的封装，盖门622与石墨盒体62可拆卸安装，盖门622的安装方向为制品进出石墨盒体62的方向，盖门622与石墨盒体62通过盖门压杆624实现可拆卸安装，石墨盒体62上固设有两组对称的安装块623，安装块623上固设有安装卡腔6231，盖门压杆624的两端对称固设有压杆槽口6241，压杆槽口6241与安装卡腔6231配合，实现盖门压杆624与安装块623扣合安装，从而通过盖门压杆624将盖门622压紧在石墨盒体62上，整体结构简单，操作方便。
本实施例中，观察孔64位于石墨盒体62上方的盖板621，观察孔64尺寸小于顶盖613尺寸，顶盖613可将观察孔64完全封闭，使石墨盒体62内部形成密封盒体。
石墨盒体62还设置有排气阀63，排气阀63例如安装在石墨盒体62上方的盖板621，当石墨盒体62内的真空度大于隔热腔体的真空度时，排气阀63打开，石墨盒体62内的气体向腔体排放。
本实施例中，盖板621、盖门622采用等静压石墨材料。
本实施例中，石墨装置6安装在加热装置3的隔热腔体内，升降动力机构611安装在炉体2的炉膛22外表面，升降杆612依次贯穿炉膛22和隔热膛30， 并延伸至隔热腔体内，升降杆612与炉膛22和隔热膛30滑动连接，升降动力机构611驱动升降杆612升降控制顶盖613与观察孔64保持密封状态或远离状态，观察孔64可设置为观察制品是否安装到位。
本申请实施过程中，氮气注入回路向炉体2的炉腔24注入氮气进行吹扫，制品放置在石墨盒体62，炉体2通过真空系统1进行进行抽真空处理，保证炉腔24的真空度保持在10 -3～10 -4Pa，加热装置3对炉腔24加热，工艺气体注入回路向炉腔24注入工艺气体，对制品进行热处理，混合了粘结剂及成型剂的混合气体抽取至真空系统1的脱脂机构进行脱脂处理，减小对炉膛22的污染，制品热处理后，冷却装置4启动，有效控制制品冷却速度，保证制品冷却速度一致性，提高了生产效率，制品冷却至工艺设定温度后，真空解除回路向炉腔24输送真空空气，解除炉腔24内的真空状态，开启炉门21，将装载制品的石墨盒体62取出，拆卸盖门压杆624，将制品取出即可。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种工艺管路系统，包括：真空解除回路、氮气注入回路和工艺气体注入回路；
    所述真空解除回路、所述氮气注入回路和所述工艺气体注入回路分别设置为执行炉体的不同工艺，所述真空解除回路包括真空解除阀，所述氮气注入回路包括氮气注入阀，所述工艺气体注入回路包括工艺气体注入阀，所述真空解除阀、所述氮气注入阀以及所述工艺气体注入阀设置为控制所述炉体的工艺。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的工艺管路系统，还包括与所述炉体连通的气体端口和工艺气体端口，所述真空解除回路以及所述氮气注入回路通过所述气体端口与所述炉体的炉腔连通，所述真空解除回路以及所述氮气注入回路设置为解除炉体的真空状态以及执行氮气注入工艺，所述工艺气体注入回路通过所述工艺气体端口与所述炉体的炉腔连通，所述工艺气体注入回路设置为将工艺气体注入所述炉腔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的工艺管路系统，其中，所述真空解除回路还包括真空空气过滤器，所述真空解除阀和所述真空空气过滤器通过第一真空管路连通，所述真空解除阀与所述气体端口通过第二真空管路连通，所述真空空气过滤器、所述第一真空管路、所述真空解除阀、所述第二真空管路以及所述气体端口形成真空解除气体流通路径，所述真空解除阀设置为控制所述真空解除气体流通路径的开启和闭合，所述真空解除气体流通路径设置为将真空气体沿所述真空解除气体流通路径输送至所述炉体的炉腔，以解除所述炉腔的真空状态，便于所述炉体的炉门开启。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的工艺管路系统，其中，所述氮气注入回路还包括气体注入端口，所述气体注入端口与所述氮气注入阀通过第一氮气管路连通，所述氮气注入阀与所述气体端口通过第二氮气管路连通，所述气体注入端口、所述第一氮气管路、所述氮气注入阀、所述第二氮气管路以及所述气体端口形成氮气注入气体流通路径，所述氮气注入阀设置为控制所述氮气注入气体流通路径的开启和闭合，所述氮气注入气体流通路径设置为将氮气沿所述氮气注入气体流通路径通入所述炉体的炉腔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的工艺管路系统，其中，所述工艺气体注入回路还包括工艺气体管路，所述工艺气体管路的一端与所述气体注入端口连通，另一端与所述工艺气体注入阀连通，所述工艺气体注入阀的出口端与所述工艺气体端口连通，所述气体注入端口、所述工艺气体管路、所述工艺气体注入阀以及所述工艺气体端口形成工艺气体流通路径，所述工艺气体注入阀设置为控制所述工艺气体流通路径的开启和闭合，所述工艺气体流通路径设置为使工艺气体沿所述工艺气体流通路径通入所述炉体。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的工艺管路系统，还包括工艺显示板，所述工艺显示板安装在所述炉体的外侧，所述工艺气体管路安装在所述工艺显示板上，且所述工艺气体管路上设置有安装在所述工艺显示板上的进气开关、减压阀以及压力表，所述进气开关、所述减压阀以及所述压力表设置为控制工艺气体的输入量以及输入速度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的工艺管路系统，其中，所述真空解除阀、所述氮气注入阀以及所述工艺气体注入阀采用高真空气动挡板阀分别作为对应回路的开关阀。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的工艺管路系统，其中，所述气体注入端口设置为与氮气提供设备以及工艺气体提供设备连接，向所述氮气注入回路输送氮气或向所述工艺气体注入回路输送工艺气体。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的工艺管路系统，其中，所述第一氮气管路上设置有氮气注入压力表，所述氮气注入压力表设置为控制氮气的输入量。
PCT/CN2022/130663 2021-12-01 2022-11-08 工艺管路系统 WO2023098421A1 (zh)

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